Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| probable association of plaque size with neuraminidase subtype among h3n2 influenza a viruses. brief report. | the present study demonstrates that the plaque size of certain influenza a h3n2 virus recombinants is dependent on their containing a specific neuraminidase glycoprotein, but is independent of the genes coding for the ha, p3, and np proteins. | 1979 | 518309 |
| comparative studies of wild-type and cold-mutant (temperature-sensitive) influenza viruses: independent segregation of temperature-sensitivity of virus replication from temperature-sensitivity of virion transcriptase activity during recombination of mutant a/ann arbor/6/60 with wild-type h3n2 strains. | rna 1 (see end of summary) of a cold-adapted and temperature-sensitive (ts) influenza virus mutant a/ann arbor/6/60 has a different mobility from rna 1 of wild-type (wt) a/ann arbor/6/60 when subjected to electrophoresis through acrylamide/agarose gels in the absence of denaturing agents. detection of this lesion in rna 1 of the mutant virus was dependent on the temperature of the gel during electrophoresis. because rna 1 is believed to code for a protein involved in virus-specific rna synthesis ... | 1979 | 521798 |
| the localization of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets: susceptible nasal mucosa cells produce and release more virus than susceptible lung cells. | infectious virus production by ferret nasal mucosa and lung organ cultures has been monitored in both tissue pieces and medium over 24 h following inoculation with an asian (h2n2) strain of influenza virus. freshly prepared cultures of nasal mucosa produced approx. 10-fold more virus per cell than fresh lung cultures. also the nasal mucosa cells liberated into the medium a greater proportion (mean 31%) of the total virus produced than did fresh lung (mean 6%). maintenance of lung explants for 24 ... | 1979 | 521800 |
| differentiation of the haemagglutinin genes of variant influenza viruses by rna-rna hybridization. | the genetic compositions of four antigenic variants of a/memphis/1/71 (h3n2) influenza virus, which were selected by growth in the presence of monoclonal antibodies against the haemagglutinin, were compared. the results indicate that the mutant haemagglutinin genes can be differentiated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the double stranded rna hybrids formed between virion rna and transcripts isolated from infected cells. | 1979 | 521805 |
| [influenza virus neuraminidase and its role in anti-influenzal immunity]. | the direct relationship between immunogenicity of h3n2 formolvaccine and neuraminidase activity was established. a single intranasal immunization of mice with the vaccine having a titer of hemagglutinin 1:20,000-1:40,000 in 0.5 ml with active neuraminidase increased the resistance of the animals to the challenge with mouse-adapted influenza a/ussr/053/74 (h3n2) virus almost 5-fold. a vaccine with the same hemagglutinin titer but with neuraminidase inactivated by physico-chemical factors or block ... | 1979 | 524858 |
| [etiological study of the fatal cases in the period of the influenza a epidemic of 1977-1978]. | the etiology of the disease, the age structure of fatalities, the time of death were studied in 34 fatal cases in the period of influenza a (h1n1) epidemic in december 1977-february 1978 and in 33 fatal cases during influenza a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) epidemic in january-march, 1975 (data from some autopsy offices of kiev). the results of the investigation of the etiology by immunofluorescence and the histological methods were mostly similar. the polyetiological structure of the diseases in the inf ... | 1979 | 524859 |
| natural history of influenza in swine in hawaii: prevalence of infection with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype virus and its variants, 1974-1977. | from september 1974 to january 1978, about 25% of 254 swine farms, studied on four of six hawaiian islands, had swine with antibody to a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) subtype of influenza virus. of 290 swine 2 to 5 years of age in a single herd, 72% had antibody. antibody titers were consistently higher to a/england/42/72 and a/port chalmers/1/73 antigens than to a/victoria/3/75 or a/hong kong/1/68 antigen. few swine had antibody to the a/hong kong/68 antigen. antibodies to h3n2 and hsw1n1 subtype of viru ... | 1979 | 525919 |
| reinfection with influenza a (h3n2) virus in young children and their families. | the frequency and consequences of reinfection with influenza a virus were studied by longitudinal observation of families for a three-year period in which two epidemics of influenza a (h3n2) occurred. seven children followed from birth were reinfected 10-25 months after their first infection. two children were reinfected by the same h3n2 virus while the others were reinfected with a closely related variant. at least five of these reinfections were accompanied by respiratory illness. reinfection ... | 1979 | 541521 |
| structure of bromelain-released influenza virus haemagglutinin as revealed by electrophoresis, sedimentation and electron microscopy. | sigma bromelain (ec 3.4.22.4) was used to isolate the haemagglutinin (ha) from the mrc-11 (h3n2) and a/u.s.s.r./90/77 (h1n1) influenza a virus strains. sedimentation analysis of bromelain-solubilized preparations revealed 9.5s and 5.5s protein components, the former being identified as the bromelain-released haemagglutinin (bha). no residual neuraminidase (na) activity was detected in the bha isolated from the mrc-11 strain whereas up to 80 per cent of the enzymatically active na was found to be ... | 1979 | 543801 |
| the m protein of influenza viruses has no immunizing effect. | influenza a virus m protein was prepared by electrophoresis in sds polyacrylamide gel from virus particles which had been pretreated with octylglucoside to remove the surface glycoproteins; m antigens from the influenza virus strains a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2), a/fpv/rostock (hav1n1) and a/chick/germany/49 (hav2neq1) did not protect mice against a lethal challenge infection with the virulent victoria strain. | 1979 | 545115 |
| [serologic survey of human type a influenza virus infection following 10-year periods of prevalence of h3n2 strains]. | distribution of h.i.a. against a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1), a/pr/8/34 (h0n1), a/fm/1/47 (h1n1), a/japan/305/57 (h2n2) influenza virus strains was determined in 553 serum samples, previously tested for a/hong kong/1/68 virus, collected in the late summer of 1977 in milan and bari. for all variants, distinctive antibody patterns were obtained which reflect periods of prevalence of these viruses in man. so, the peak of positivity and the higher h.i.a. levels were found for a/new jersey/8/76 strain i ... | 1979 | 552822 |
| description of a technique for the analysis of antineuraminidase antibodies oriented to h2n2 and h3n2 influenza virus strains. | a method for the analysis of mixtures of antineuraminidase (an) antibodies oriented to antigenically different neuraminidases of h2n2 and h3n2 influenza virus strains is described. the method is based on the finding that the different classes of an antibodies give different titer ratios when reacting with the recombinants a/bel/42 (h0)-a/sing/1/57 (n2) and a/equine/prague/1/56 (heg1)-a/hong kong/1/68 (n2) and a mixture of both recombinants. these titer ratios are determined under the experimenta ... | 1978 | 564681 |
| radioimmunoprecipitation assay for quantitation of serum antibody to the hemagglutinin of type a influenza virus. | a double-antibody radioimmunoprecipitation (rip) assay has been developed to provide a sensitive and specific measure of antibody to hemagglutinins of h3n2 influenza viruses. chloramine t was used to radiolabel purified hemagglutinins to high specific activity without loss of antigenicity. the purity of the labeled hemagglutinin was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which also established that both the ha(1) and ha(2) polypeptides were iodinated. radiolabele ... | 1978 | 564916 |
| dna sequences in influenza virions. | during the propagation of a (h3n2) influenza virus in chick embryos, incorporation of 3h-thymidine into virions takes place, whereas no such incorporation occurs with newcastle disease virus. incorporation of 3h-thymidine is a result of dna synthesis. this virion-associated dna is present in cores obtained after treatment of virions with bromelain. | 1978 | 569183 |
| homologous and heterologous antibody responses to subunit influenza virus vaccine. | in a group of 32 adult volunteers given subunit influenza virus vaccine containing 250 international units (i.u.) of a/victoria/3/75, 250 i.u. of a/scotland/840/74 and 300 i.u. of b/hong kong/8/73, there were substantial increases in the geometric mean homologous haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibody titres. there was also substantial boosting of the antibodies to the earlier variants of the hong kong (h3n2) series and to a later variant of the asian (h2n2) series. there was no boosting of ... | 1978 | 581591 |
| effects of individual inhalation of aerosolized amantadine hydrochloride in mice infected with influenza virus a/bethesda 10/63 (h2n2) and a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2). | 1979 | 582762 | |
| antibody response to monovalent a/new jersey/8/76 influenza vaccine in pregnant women. | the decision to implement a mass immunization program with a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1) influenza vaccine provided a unique opportunity to evaluate immunological responses during pregnancy. fifty-nine pregnant and 27 nonpregnant women participated in this study. influenza virus hemagglutination-inhhibition antibody titers were determined to a/new jersey/8/76 (hsw1n1), a/japan/305/57 (h2n2), and a/hong kong/8/68 (h3n2) before and after a single dose of monovalent (200 chick cell agglutination units ... | 1979 | 583151 |
| potentiation of the immune response to influenza virus subunit vaccines. | influenza subunit vaccines are poorly immunogenic in unprimed lower animals and man and a method was sought to potentiate the humoral response. intact heterologous influenza a virus vaccine (a/victoria/3/75 [h3n2]) potentiated the antibody response of hamsters to a/nj/76 [hsw1 n1] subunit vaccines but large doses of intact virus were required. studies in seronegative young human adults showed that much lower doses of homologous a/nj/76 [hsw1 n1] virus potentiated the antibody response to both th ... | 1977 | 604104 |
| persistence of influenza a/new jersey/76 (hsw1n1) antibody one year after vaccination. | serum hi and neuraminidase-inhibiting (ni) antibody measurements were made at 3, 32 and 50 weeks after inactivated influenza hsw1n1 vaccination of 438 adults in 1976. although the highest postvaccination geometric mean hi titers were observed in persons greater than or equal to 52 years of age, the rate of antibody decline was similar in adults of all ages. in 14 children who had a seroconversion following two doses of whole virus or split virus vaccine, the geometric mean hi antibody titer was ... | 1977 | 604107 |
| serological responses to whole and split a/new jersey vaccines in humans and mice following priming infection with influenza a viruses. | experiments were performed in mice to investigate the role of previous infection on responses to a/nj/76 vaccines. results from human studies have demonstrated that the serological responses to a/nj/76 vaccines varied according to the age of the vaccinee and appeared to be related to their previous exposure to the different strains of influenza a virus. mice were infected with influenza a viruses representative of the major strains (hsw1n1, hon1, h2n2, h3n2) and later inoculated with varying dos ... | 1977 | 604108 |
| strain-specificity of antibody to haemagglutinin following inactivated a/port chalmers/1/73 vaccine in man: evidence for a paradoxical strain-specific antibody response. | an analysis was carried out of the anti-haemagglutinin antibody responses in adult human recipients of inactivated whole virus a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) vaccine using single radial diffusion combined with antibody adsorption techniques to determine antibody specificity. antibody was characterised as cross-reactive (i.e. directed against antigenic determinants of haemagglutinin which are common for viruses within the h3 subtype) or strain-specific. strain-specific antibodies for the vaccine str ... | 1977 | 604109 |
| use of influenza vaccine in non-high risk populations. | the aim of most strategies for vaccination against influenza is the prevention of mortality. since individuals in the high risk group are mainly elderly, and the elderly have a low frequency of influenza infection, this strategy can have no significant controlling effect on morbidity. it has been shown in the longitudinal community study in tecumseh, michigan that highest frequency of infection with influenza is seen in the school-age population; this pattern is quite marked for type b influenza ... | 1977 | 604116 |
| properties of a/victoria/3/75 recombinants: development of an attenuated strain rit 4050. | an attenuated influenza a strain, rit 4050, has been selected among the inhibitor resistant variants of a range of h3n2 recombinants of a/pr/8/34 and a/victoria/3/75. the criterion used for the selection of the vaccine strain was the homology rate of the viral rna of the recombinant with the complementary rna of a/pr/8/34 as determined by an rna-rna hybridization technique. safety has been assessed by administering the vaccine by the nasal route to double seronegative volunteers. incidence and n ... | 1977 | 604127 |
| influenza viruses from avian and porcine sources and their possible role in the origin of human pandemic strains. | studies on influenza viruses from feral ducks trapped in canada in august 1976, gave a 26% isolation rate from cloacal samples of juvenile birds. several different influenza a viruses were isolated, some of which possessed novel hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase antigens. influenza a viruses isolated from the rectum of feral ducks replicate in the upper respiratory tract and also in the intestinal tract of feral and domestic ducks. representative human influenza viruses of the h0n1, h3n2 and hs ... | 1977 | 604130 |
| influenza a virus and its influence on the outcome of pregnancy in the mouse. | the effect of sub-lethal doses of influenza a strains wsn (h0n1), mel (h0n1) and mrc-7 (h3n2) administered intranasally during pregnancy was studied in c3h inbred and prince henry outbred mice. maternal and neonatal mortality rates were significantly increased by infections in the last third of the gestational period. infection with influenza strain wsn in the last part of the first third of the gestational period significantly depressed the growth rate of neonates. no evidence of viraemia, tran ... | 1977 | 604135 |
| swine influenza a at fort dix, new jersey (january-february 1976). i. case finding and clinical study of cases. | after the isolation of a/new jersey/76 (hsw1n1) influenza virus from five soldiers at fort dix, new jersey, case finding was initiated by obtaining specimens for viral isolation from 95 patients with acute respiratory disease and determining antibody to influenza a/mayo clinic/103/74 (hsw1n1) antigen in paired sera from 74 soldiers who had been hospitalized with acute respiratory disease. influenza a/new jersey virus was not isolated, but serologic studies identified eight additional soldiers as ... | 1977 | 606759 |
| neuraminidase content of influenza vaccines and neuraminidase antibody responses after vaccination of immunologically primed and unprimed populations. | vaccines prepared with influenza a/swine/1976/37-like virus contained neuraminidase activity comparable to that of h3n2 vaccines, whereas little neuraminidase activity could be detected in influenza a/new jersey/76 vaccines. in single-dose vaccine studies, a/swine/1976/37-like split-virus vaccine induced antibody to neuraminidase (naab) in about 20% of children younger than 18 years and this naab response was better than or equal to the antibody response to the vaccine's hemagglutinin (haab). in ... | 1977 | 606765 |
| antibody response of young adults to experimental influenza a/new jersey/76 virus vaccines. | in military personnel aged 17-25 years, only one of four experimental influenza a/new jersey/76 virus vaccines produced a satisfactory hemagglutination-inhibiting (hai) antibody response when a dose of 200 chick cell-agglutinating (cca) units was used. a second injection of 400 cca units of vaccine caused seroconversion in all persons. although an early comparison of experimental split-product and whole-virus vaccines suggested that the former were relatively ineffective, a later comparison with ... | 1977 | 606766 |
| age-related heterologous antibody responses to influenza virus vaccination. | heterologous hemagglutination-inhibiting (hai) antibody responses to influenza a/new jersey/76 (hsw1n1) virus vaccine were examined in individuals receiving doses of 200, 400, or 800 chick cell-agglutinating units of whole-virus or split-virus products during the 1976 national influenza vaccine test program. vaccination with influenza a/new jersey/76 virus produced a high rate of heterologous antibody response to influenza a/pr/8/34 (h0n1) and a/fm/1/47 (h1n1) viruses in persons whose original a ... | 1977 | 606792 |
| effect of priming infection on serologic response to whole and subunit influenza virus vaccines in animals. | results from studies in humans demonstrated that the serologic responses to a/new jersey (nj)/76 virus vaccines varied according to the age of the vaccine and appeared to be related to previous exposure of vaccinees to the different strains and influenza a virus. experiments in animals were therefore performed to investigate the role of previous infection on responses to a/nj/76 virus vaccines. mice were infected with influenza a viruses representative of the major strains (hsw1n1, h0n1, h2n2, h ... | 1977 | 606796 |
| haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against influenza a and influenza b in maternal and neonatal sera. | haemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibodies against the influenza viruses a/hong kong/8/68 (h3n2) and b/nederland/77/66 were determined in 420 paired sera from mothers and newborns (umbilical cord sera), sampled in 1970-1. a higher concentration of antibodies against influenza a virus was found more frequently in neonatal than in maternal sera. by contrast, low titres against influenza b virus were more frequently observed in neonatal than in maternal sera. maternal age, duration of pregnancy, ... | 1978 | 621378 |
| the effect of abo blood groups on the incidence of epidemic influenza and on the response to live attenuated and detergent split influenza virus vaccines. | the effect of blood group status on the incidence of epidemic influenza a (h3n2) infections and on serological response to influenza vaccination with killed subunit and live attenuated vaccines have been investigated during comparative vaccine trials in western australia. a significantly higher incidence of epidemic influenza was observed in subjects of blood group b compared with those of other blood groups, regardless of whether they had serological evidence of previous exposure to h3n2 antige ... | 1978 | 621379 |
| immunity to challenge in volunteers vaccinated with an inactivated current or earlier strain of influenza a(h3n2). | volunteers were inoculated with vaccine made from the 30c mutant, a/port chalmers/73 or b/hong kong/8/73. preliminary experiments showed that the 30 c strain was antigenically quite close to a/hk/8/68. volunteers given 30c developed haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies against the 'current' 1973 serotypes (as well as to the vaccine virus) but the titres were less than those after the a/pc/73 vaccine. volunteers were then challenged with a live attenuated virus, wrl 105, with a/finland/4/74 an ... | 1978 | 632564 |
| [influenza a during the winter season 1977-78 caused by the "old" h3n2-virus and the "new" h1n1-virus]. | 1978 | 634389 | |
| specific immunity to influenza virus in ferret organ cultures. | ferret tracheal organ cultures prepared from animals previously infected intranasally with influenza a virus required approximately 130 times more homologous virus (a/pr/8/34(hon1) or a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2)) to become infected in vitro than similar cultures from normal ferrets. also, these cultures from convalescent ferrets required 9 times more heterologous virus (a/pr/8/34(hon1) or sendai) to become infected in vitro than similar cultures from normal animals challenged in vitro with the h ... | 1978 | 638028 |
| lymphocyte blastogenic responses to influenza virus antigens after influenza infection and vaccination in humans. | virus-specific in vitro cell-mediated immune responses were investigated in 20 normal volunteers who were challenged with liver influenza a/vic/3/75 (h3n2) virus and in 13 volunteers who were vaccinated with inactivated vaccine containing a/vic and a/nj/8/76 (hswn1) antigens. lymphocyte cultures were established from peripheral blood samples obtained prior to and at various times after infection or vaccination. blastogenesis was determined by [3h]thymidine incorporation after stimulation of cult ... | 1978 | 640733 |
| crystallization and peptide maps of neuraminidase "heads" from h2n2 and h3n2 influenza virus strains. | 1978 | 664233 | |
| on the origin of the human influenza virus subtypes h2n2 and h3n2. | 1978 | 664248 | |
| effect of temperature on the order of electrophoretic migration of influenza virus neuraminidase and nucleoprotein genes in acrylamide gels lacking denaturing agents. | when subjected to electrophoresis at 33 degrees c in 3% polyacrylamide gels with no urea added, the nucleoprotein and neuraminidase genes of an h2n2 and h3n2 virus migrate as rna bands 5 and 6 respectively. if the temperature of electrophoresis is increased to 46 degrees c, however, this order of migration is reversed. | 1978 | 690606 |
| [production of influenza virus recombinations]. | described in this paper is the preparation of influenza virus recombination partners, h3n2 and h3n1, by poly-infection of primary embryonic fowl cells with influenza virus a/greifswald/6/74 (h3n2) or with a/greifswald/1/76 (h3n2) and a/pr/8/34 (h0n1). purification was based on four consecutive plaque isolations. the productivity of all recombination partners isolated in the embryonated fowl egg was higher than that of parent strain, h3n2. a recombination partner of h0n2 was obtained from poly-in ... | 1978 | 697531 |
| sensitivity to pyrexial temperatures: a factor contributing to virulence differences between two clones of influenza virus. | the influence of pyrexia on the differential persistence of a virulent and an attenuated clone of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets has been further studied. clone 64d, an attenuated clone of a recombinant virus (a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2)) grown in organ cultures of ferret nasal turbinates, was inactivated at pyrexial temperatures more readily than a virulent clone 7a. in addition, replication of clone 64d was restricted at pyrexial temperatures to a greater extent than ... | 1978 | 708585 |
| morphological and cytochemical characterization of cells infiltrating mouse lungs after influenza infection. | to initiate evaluation of the cell-mediated immunological response to influenza virus in a major site of disease, lung cells were obtained by transpleural lavage from lungs of uninfected mice and from those infected 3 or 6 days previously with 5 50% mouse infectious doses (mid(50)) of avirulent (p3) or virulent (p9) influenza a hong kong (h3n2) virus. the number of cells recovered by lavage was dependent on the dose, time after inoculation, and the type of virus used for inoculation. although la ... | 1978 | 711312 |
| cross-protection in mice after immunization with h2n2, h3n2, and heq2neq2 influenza virus strains. | mice were vaccinated with the influenza viruses a/japan/57 (h2n2), a/hong kong/68 (h3n2), and a/equi/miami/63 (heq2neq2) and the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase recombinants derived from these viruses. after infection with the parent viruses, protection was compared with serological findings. it was found that influenza vaccine protects not only against infection with a strain identical or closely related to the vaccine strain, but against heterologous strains as well. vaccination with hong kong ... | 1978 | 711325 |
| a contribution of cellular immunity to protection against influenza in man. | the degree of lymphocyte transformations and leukocyte migration inhibition (lmi) in the presence of inactivated a/scotland/74 (h3n2) influenza virus vaccine was measured in blood samples collected from 56 medical student volunteers. at the same time the volunteers were skin tested, using the same vaccine. using the antigenically similar wrl 105 (h3n2), recombinant influenza virus, the level of haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibodies in serum, and neutralizing antibodies in nasal washings c ... | 1978 | 723791 |
| formation of antibody to matrix protein in experimental human influenza a virus infections. | antibodies to type a influenza virus matrix protein (m) were assayed by single radial diffusion in 180 paired sera of volunteers challenged intranasally with live h3n2 viruses of varying degrees of virulence. of these volunteers 20 had had severe clinical reactions (influenza-like); there had been 19 moderate reactions (lesser degrees of constitutional illness), and the remaining 141 reactions had been graded mild, very mild, or nil. only 2 volunteers were shown to have antibodies to m in the pr ... | 1978 | 730356 |
| [epidemiological surveillance of influenza in western sicily in 1976-1977]. | two strains of influenza virus a/h3n2 antigenically similar to a/victoria/3/75 have been isolated in palermo in february 1977; a peak of extramortality has been observed in the same month, and a rise of hai antibodies for a/h3n2 viruses in human serum samples, taken from apparently healthy subjects living palermo, has been demonstrated between october 1976 and february 1977. similar rise of antibody titers has also taken place in serum samples from two communities in western sicily (favara, 30,0 ... | 1978 | 737044 |
| antibody responses to influenza vaccination in patients with chronic renal failure. | a bivalent type a inactivated influenza virus vaccine containing both sets of h3n2 and hsw1n1 antigens was given to patients with chronic renal failure and to control subjects. the patients were divided into an azotemic group in whom dialysis was not yet required and a hemodialyzed group. hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibody responses were measured at time intervals of 1,3, and 4 weeks after vaccination. we found that the mean postvaccination hi titers against both sets of antigens in the p ... | 1978 | 748672 |
| agents affecting health of mother and child in a rural area of kenya. x. haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies against influenza a (h3n2) and influenza b virus in sera from children living in the machakos district of kenya. | in the framework of the machakos project bloodcollections from random samples of children under 5 years of age and living in a rural area of kenya were done with regular intervals, serum samples of two collections were tested for haemagglutination inhibiting antibodies against influenza a and b viruses. the children had been exposed to the hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus or its variants during one, two or three episodes of circulation and probably to only one epidosde of b/hong kong/8/73 virus. the ... | 1978 | 749289 |
| [electron-microscopic study of the relationship between influenza a virus (h3n2) and human peripheral blood leukocytes]. | the electron microscopic examinations of formed elements of human peripheral blood infected with a freshly isolated a/sev/76 virus strain and vaccine a/victoria/36/72 virus demonstrated that virions of both strains adsorbed on neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, thrombocytes and penetrated into the cells by phagocytosis and viropexis; most virus was concentrated in neutrophils and thrombocytes. | 1978 | 749339 |
| purification of influenza a virus and preliminary characterization of virus proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). | influenza a/zssr/053/74 (h3n2) from egg ellantoic fluid was partially purified by absorption and elution on chick erythrocytes and chromatography on sepharose 2b. concentrated and partially purified preparation of virus containing 5000 hav and 80 micrograms of protein per ml was subjected to page in 0.1% sds. eleven protein bands were selected of which three were identified as na, np and ha. | 1978 | 749805 |
| influenza a(h1n1) viruses of the 1977/78 outbreak: isolation and haemagglutination properties. | during the h1n1 outbreak of 1977/8, the virus was isolated in embryonated eggs from 59 out of 76 patients (78%) with the serologically confirmed infection. a similar isolation frequency has been achieved during a period of six h3n2 outbreaks since 1972/3. the h1n1 strains were isolated less frequently from late specimens (collected 4--6 days from the onset of illness) and more often only in the second passage compared with the h3n2 viruses. the new h1n1 strains resembled those prevalent in the 1 ... | 1979 | 762407 |
| live, attenuated influenza a/england/42/72 (h3n2) virus vaccine: a field trial. | two doses of a live, attentuated influenza a/england/42/72 (h3n2) vaccine virus (inhibitor-insensitive alice strain) were administered intranasally to 130 university students, and placebo was given to 134 students. fourfold or greater rises in titer of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody occurred in 68% of all vaccine recipients and in 88% of those with initial titers of less than 1:8; the geometric mean titer of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody increased from 1:15 to 1:77. a 3.2-fold rise ... | 1976 | 778302 |
| comparative clinical and laboratory evaluation of the prophylactic capacity of ribavirin, amantadine hydrochloride, and placebo in induced human influenza type a. | the comparative prophylactic effectiveness of oral treatment with ribavirin (1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4,triazole-3-carboxamide; virazole) and amantadine hydrochloride against artificially induced infection with influenza a virus was evaluated in 29 seronegative men who received ribavirin capsules (200 mg) three times daily, placebo capsules three times daily, or amantadine capsules (100 mg) twice daily. medication was started two days before the inoculation of 2 x 10(4) 50% tissue culture infe ... | 1976 | 778307 |
| [automatic complement fixation reaction applied to the diagnosis of influenza (author's transl)]. | auto-analysis has been adapted to the study of complement fixation on flu antigen-antibody complexes. the antigen used consists of a complete virus of strain a2/aichi/68/h3n2 (antigen of envelope v). the advantages of this method reside in the reproducibility of the results and in instrumental reading with graphic recording and conservation of a graphical result. the recording of the percentage of hemolysis given by the auto-analyser permits calculation of the rate of the reaction k37 of complem ... | 1976 | 778753 |
| clinical evaluation of neuraminidase monospecific (heqn2) recombinant influenza vaccine in children. | phased clinical trials were undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of neuraminidase specific recombinant (heqn2) inactivated influenza vaccine in a population of school children. groups of subjects were immunized under code, with influenza a2 port chalmer (h3n2), port chalmer neuraminidase recombinant (heqn2), and placebo vaccines (vaccine diluent) before the onset of a2 strain influenza epidemic in this population. preliminary results have provided the following information. immunization with comm ... | 1976 | 782964 |
| natural challenge of subjects vaccinated with wrl 105 strain live influenza vaccine in a residential community. | in the spring of 1975 an outbreak of influenza associated with influenza virus a/scotland/840/74 virus occurred in a residential college where the previous autumn some students had been immunised with a single intranasal dose of recombinant wrl 105 (h3n2) (a/okuda/57xa/finland/4/74) strain live attenuated infleunza virus vaccine. during the outbreak none of seven students who had been vaccinated suffered from influenza but an influenzal illness did occur in four of eleven who had received placeb ... | 1976 | 782969 |
| comparative efficacy of neuraminidase-specific and conventional influenza virus vaccines in induction of antibody to neuraminidase in humans. | groups of college students received either conventional a/england/42/72 (h3n2) vaccine (x-37), an antigenic hybrid (heq1n2) vaccine (x-38) containing the same neuraminidase (and thus effectively neuraminidase-monospecific), or a placebo injection. the vaccines contained 798 and 643 chick cell-agglutinating units per dose, respectively, and equivalent immunogenic units of n2 as defined in antigenic extinction tests in rabbits. all subjects had antibody to n2 before immunization, and mean initial ... | 1976 | 789791 |
| replication of influenza virus in organ cultures of human and simian urogenital tissues and human foetal tissues. | a survey of human adult tissues in organ cultures showed that influenza viruses (a/moscow/1019/65 (h2n2) or a recombinant virus virulent for man (pr/8-a/england/939/69 clone 7a(h3n2)) could infect uterus, bladder and conjunctiva but not oesophagus under the conditions employed; simian bladder and uterus were also susceptible. these results were similar to those already described for corresponding ferret tissues. organ cultures of human foetal nasal mucosa, trachea, oesophagus, small and large in ... | 1975 | 809051 |
| safety and antigenicity of influenza a/hong kong/68-ts-1 (e) (h3n2). | influenza a/hong kong/68-ts-1 [e] (h3n2) vaccine was administered intranasally to 18 seronegative children 14 to 32 months of age. fourteen children, 78%, shed influenza a/hong kong virus for a mean of eight days following vaccination. sixteen children, 89%, experienced a fourfold or greater rise in hemagglutination-inhibition antibody. some children appeared to experience a febrile reaction to the vaccine although interpretation of this data was complicated by intercurrent illness. these findin ... | 1975 | 810557 |
| influenza alone and in sequence with pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae in the squirrel monkey. | squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) inoculated intratracheally with 10(4.2)-10(8.2) egg median infectious doses (eid50) of type a influenza virus (h3n2) responded with clinical illness including such signs as fever, sneezing or coughing, coryza, and increased respiratory rates. necropsy studies performed six days after inoculation revealed bronchopneumonia in addition to a mild tracheitis. squirrel monkeys given 10(5)-6 x 10(8) colony-forming units (cfu) of streptococcus pneumoniae intratracheal ... | 1975 | 811714 |
| [comparative determination of cellular reactivity during infection with influenza virus a (h3n2)]. | among 28 strains of influenza a (h3n2) virus isolated from human patients 3 strains were found to be capable of replication in continuous monkey kidney cell cultures. when cells of different origins (ppo, chick embryo chorioallantio membrane, human nasal mucosa) were infected with the virus or when ppo were infected with allantoic or cultural virus strains, the pathological changes were of the same type. no specific inclusions were found in the cells. adaptation of the virus to ppo cells resulte ... | 1976 | 824822 |
| spreading of virus infection among wild birds and monkeys during the influenza epidemic caused by the victoria(3)75 variant of a(h3n2) virus. | 1976 | 829760 | |
| effects of low- and high-passage influenza virus infection in normal and nude mice. | a human isolate of type a hong kong influenza virus (h3n2) was adapted to mice by serial passage. lung homogenates from mice who received low passage levels contained about the same quantity of virus (10(6.2-6.95) 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml) as those from mice who received high passage levels (10(5.95-6.45) 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml); however, death occurred only in animals given high-passage virus. passage 3 (p3) and passage 9 (p9) viruses were selected as representative ... | 1977 | 832899 |
| [antigenic hemagglutinating characterization of influenza virus a/torino/1/75 (h3n2)]. | an a strain influenza virus isolated in turin during the winter of 1974-75 was antigenetically related to the a/port chalmers/1/73 strain and dominant with respect to it. in addition, it was dissimilar and antigenically distant from the a/scotland/840/74 strain. | 1977 | 840439 |
| isolation of an influenza virus, similar to a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) from a common murre at sakhalin island in u.s.s.r. (strain a/common murre/sakhalin/1/74). | an influenza a virus isolated from the cloaca of a common murre was characterized antigenically as h3n2 and was most closely related to the a/port chalmers/1/73 strain. serological studies of sera collected from common murres in the area of virus isolation showed that 21 per cent of the birds had antibodies to hong kong influenza virus. | 1977 | 851395 |
| persistence of hong kong influenza virus variants in pigs. | the a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) influenza virus which has not been isolated from man for several years, was recently isolated from pigs in hong kong. influenza viruses similar to a/victoria/3/75, which are currently circulating in man, were also isolated from pigs. both above-mentioned viruses could be transmitted readily from pig to pig in experimental studies. the isolation of influenza viruses similar to a/hong kong/68 from pigs in 1976 suggests that pigs may serve as a potential reservoir for fu ... | 1977 | 867041 |
| an attenuated influenza virus vaccine: protection against homologous and heterologous strains of virus. | an effective influenza virus vaccine should be capable of inducing protection against both the homologous strain of virus and the heterologous strains representing antigenic drift. for evaluation of the protection provided by an attenuated influenza virus vaccine, volunteers were immunized intranasally with either placebo or influenza a/england/42/72 (h3n2) virus vaccine in a double-blind fashion in two doses administered two weeks apart. forty-seven subjects were challenged 30-100 days after th ... | 1977 | 870566 |
| epidemics of haemorrhagic cystitis due to influenza a virus. | the present communication describes studies on thirty-three patients with haemorrhagic cystitis. the current epidemic variant of influenza type a virus, a/tehran/5/75 (h3n2) [antigenically similar to a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2)], was recovered from the throats of eighteen and the urine of three patients. hi antibody rises to a/tehran/5/75 virus were detected in over 50% of the cystitis patients tested. | 1977 | 876931 |
| intradermal administration of bivalent and monovalent influenza vaccines. | intradermal (id) administration of 0.1 ml of a bivalent influenza vaccine containing 40 cca units each of influenza a/new jersey (hswine 1n1) and a/victoria (h3n2) virus antigens and of a monovalent vaccine containing 100 cca units of influenza b/hong kong virus to 70 adult volunteers produced no serious reactions and only 7% bothersome side effects. excluding persons with high (1:64 or greater) initial antibody titers, then 90% and 85% of persons had fourfold or greater rises in hai antibodies ... | 1977 | 889154 |
| rnas of influenza virus recombinants derived from parents of known virulence for man. | extensive use of recombinants made from a/pr/8/34 (h0n1) and wild, virulent h3n2 viruses as live influenza vaccines has provided a number of viruses of defined virulence for man. clinical symptoms produced by these strains have ranged from febrile influenza to local coryzal symptoms or nil. a study was therefore made of the extent to which the pr8 genome had been incorporated into that of a number of the recombinants. by rna--rna hybridization it seemed that recombinants which had 55 per cent of ... | 1977 | 889441 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus. xiv. production and evaluation of influenza a/georgia/74-ts-1[e] recombinant viruses in human adults. | the two temperature-sensitive (ts) lesions present in influenza a/hong kong/68-ts-1[e] (h3n2 68) virus were transferred via genetic reassortment to influenza a/georgia/74 (h3n2 74) wild-type virus. a recombinant clone possessing both ts lesions and the shutoff temperature of 38 c of the hong kong/68 ts donor and the two surface antigens of the georgia/74 wild-type virus was administered to 32 seronegative adult volunteers. thirty-one volunteers were infected, of whom only five experienced mild a ... | 1977 | 894078 |
| potentiation of the immune response to influenza virus subunit vaccines. | influenza subunit vaccines are poorly immunogenic in unprimed lower animals and man and methods were sought to potentiate the humoral response. influenza b intact virus vaccines potentiated the antibody response of hamsters to purified vaccines containing influenza a hemagglutinin and neuraminidase subunits. the levels of anitbody induced were at least as high as those induced by equivalent doses of whole virus. similarly, intact heterologous influenza a virus vaccine (a/victoria/3/75 [h3n2]) po ... | 1977 | 915292 |
| internal proteins of influenza virus: 35s-methionine peptide maps as genetic markers. | methods are described for the preparation in vivo of 35s-methionine-labelled influenza viruses, the purifiction of the nucleoprotein (np) and matrix (m) proteins and the separation of peptides obtained by protease digestion by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. the maps of the m proteins of a/okuda/57(h2n2) and a/finland/4/74(h3n2) were very similar overall but differed in three peptides. hence they could be clearly distinguished. maps of the np proteins of the same strains showed a grea ... | 1977 | 915480 |
| comparative studies of wild-type and 'cold-mutant' (temperature sensitive) influenza viruses: geneology of the matrix (m) and non-structural (ns) proteins in recombinant cold-adapted h3n2 viruses. | the matrix (m) protein of the h2n2 virus a/ann arbor/6/60 may be distinguished from m protein of several h3n2 viruses and a/new jersey/76 (hswini) by sds acrylamide gel electrophoresis using a discontinuous buffer system. the smallest rna (rna 8) of the a/ann arbor/6/60 virus may be distinguished from rna 8 of several h3n2 viruses by acrylamide gel electrophoresis in 3% or 3-6% gels in the absence of urea, if electrophoresis is done at 30 to 36 degrees c or 20 degrees c respectively. ten clones ... | 1977 | 915481 |
| [study of the sensitivity of different strians of the influenza a2 virus of rimantadine]. | the sensitivity of different influenza a2 (h3n2) virus strains to rimantadine in ovo was studied. the reference strains of influenza virus a/hong kong/1/68, a/england/42/72, a/scotland/840/74 as well as new epidemic strains isolated in the ussr and mongolia in 1974-1975 antigenically related to influenza a/port chalmers/1/73 virus were found to be sensitive to rimantadine. | 1977 | 919499 |
| double-blind evaluation of oral ribavirin (virazole) in experimental influenza a virus infection in volunteers. | the prophylactic effectiveness of oral administration of ribavirin (1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) against experimentally induced influenza a infection was evaluated in a double-blind clinical trial in normal volunteers. fourteen men received ribavirin capsules (1,000 mg/day in four divided doses) and 15 other men received identical-appearing placebo capsules beginning 6 h after the intranasal inoculation of 3.4 log(10) 50% tissue culture infectious doses of influenza virus ... | 1977 | 921245 |
| efficacy of live attenuated influenza a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus vaccine against challenge with influenza a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) virus. | for evaluation of heterologous protection by live attenuated influenza virus vaccine, 42 healthy volunteers with low titers of or no antibody to a/scotland/74 (h3n2) and a/victoria/3/75 (h3n2) influenza viruses were given live attenuated a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus vaccine or placebo by the intranasal route with no resultant vaccine-related illness. seventeen of 21 vaccine recipients and none of 21 placebo recipients developed antibody conversion. thirty-seven days after administration of vaccin ... | 1977 | 925382 |
| [use of filter paper to identify antibodies against myxovirus influenzae]. | a total of 165 sera and 142 eluates from filtration papers impreggnated with whole blood were examined in reaction of complement fixation against a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2) and b/johannesburg 3/56 virus. to perform hit 152 sera and 155 eluates were used. the results obtained were elaborated statistically. the method of filtration papers does not seem to be suitable for hit, whereas the cft was in several cases practicable. | 1976 | 944210 |
| safety and efficacy of "alice" influenza virus vaccine in normal healthy adults. | a live influenza virus candidate vaccine, "alice" strain, was evaluated in normal healthy adults. it proved to be safe, with minimal clinical reactions. thirteen of 21 volunteers (61.9%) with pre-existing titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody of less than or equal to 1:4 and three of nine (33.3%) with initial titers of 1:8-1:16 had four-fold increases in titers of serum antibody. a second dose of vaccine did not increase the frequency or the magnitude of the serum antibody response. nas ... | 1976 | 946973 |
| pathogenicity, immunogenicity and genetic stability in mice and ferrets of a cold inhibitor-resistant mutant of influenza h3n2 virus. | a cold inhibitor-resistant mutant was derived from mrc-2 virus by means of serial passages in the presence of rabbit serum and at gradually decreasing temperatures. this virus, denoted mrc-2 irc, grew well at both 26 and 37 degree c. the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus was examined in mice and ferrets. no clinical reactions were detected in either species. both mice and ferrets developed high levels of hemagglutination inhibition and neuraminidase inhibition antibodies. the virus w ... | 1976 | 955266 |
| preparation and characterization of live recombinant influenza vaccine. | strain wrl 105 was prepared by recombination between the a/finland/4/74 (h3n2) and attenuated a/okuda/57 (h2n2) strains by a method previously described. a single intranasal dose of wrl 105 strain live attenuated influenza vaccine was administered to volunteers at three dose levels and homologous serum antibody titres and virus excretion were monitored. doses greater than 10(6.3)eid50 gave 4-fold or greater increases in antibody titre in 80% of seronegative volunteers. | 1976 | 955267 |
| recombination of influenza a virus strains: effect on pathogenicity. | influenza viruses can recombine genetic information, and progeny virus can be selected for desired genetic traits. a newly isolated strain can develop the ability to grow to higher titer in embryonated eggs by acquiring this trait from the aopr8(hon1) strain, and can be selected by the terminal dilution technique and by treatment with anti-hon1 antisera. in addition to acquiring the ability to grow to high titer, surface antigens may also be transferred, and the progeny can be selected by immun ... | 1976 | 955268 |
| response of ferrets to infection with a live attenuated influenza virus and to subsequent heterologous challenge. | groups of three ferrets were inoculated with a live influenza vaccine ("alice" strain) and the degree of protection afforded against a challenge inoculation was measured by several parameters. after vaccination, virus excretion was studied and the genetic characteristics of the virus isolates were investigated. after 5-8 weeks, the challenge inoculations were performed with antigenic drifts of the h3n2 virus: a/dunedin/4/73 (port-chalmers-like), a/england/635/74 and a/scotland/840/74. the foll ... | 1976 | 955269 |
| longitudinal studies of types a and b influenza among seattle schoolchildren and families, 1968-74. | longitudinal studies of influenza were conducted by postepidemic collection of sera and illness information among seattle schoolchildren from 1968 to 1974 and in family groups from 1972 to 1974. the rate of infection with a/hong kong (h3n2) virus was lowest in the 1968-1969 epidemic; rates were twice as high in the epidemics of 1970 and 1972, and in the a/england (h3n2) epidemic of 1973. the introduction of a new strain of influenza type a or type b caused higher rates of infection in junior hig ... | 1976 | 978003 |
| mapping of the influenza virus genome. iii. identification of genes coding for nucleoprotein, membrane protein, and nonstructural protein. | in previous communications we reported that the eight rna segments of influenza a/pr/8/34 (hon1) virus could be distinguished from corresponding segments of influenza a/hong kong/8/68 (h3n2) virus by migration on polyacrylamide-urea gels. examination of the rna patterns of the two parent viruses and recombinants derived from them in concert with serological identification of surface proteins and analysis of the other proteins on sodium dodecyl sulfate gradient gels permitted the identification o ... | 1976 | 985644 |
| adaptation of human influenza a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) virus to colostrum-deprived, specific-pathogen free piglets. | 1976 | 998058 | |
| antibodies to influenza a/swine-like viruses (hsw1n1) in human sera: antigenic stimulation and changes in antibody status. | human sera collected at the end of 1975 were studied for hi antibodies to influenza a/mayo clinic/103/74 (hsw1n1). the frequent occurrence of these antibodies in subjects born before 1930 suggested that they are present in about 25% of the finnish population. during the h3n2 epidemic in winter 1975-76 a low response of antibodies to a/swine-like viruses was recorded in about half of the influenza patients with a pre-existing titre, but not in any of the patients without pre-existing antibodies. ... | 1976 | 998257 |
| isolation, purification and characterization of polypeptides of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. note iii. polypeptides of three influenza virus strains isolated in romania. | an analysis is presented of the nature, number and relative molecular mass of the polypeptides of three influenza virus strains-a/romania 1/73 (h3n2), a/romania 1/75 (h3n2), and b/romania 34/74-isolated during different epidemic outbreaks. the results obtained indicate some similarities between the protein subunits of the two influenza a virus strains (as concerns virus surface and nucleocapsid components) and point out the particular properties of the influenza b strain. | 1976 | 1006977 |
| [evaluation of the immunity to a/swine influenza virus in a sample of population of rome]. | hemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibodies in respect of type a/swine influenza virus (strain nib/3) were titrated on 225 serum specimens taken in rome during 1976. no hi antibodies to the a/swine virus were found in the serum specimens of the 155 subjects under 50 years of age, while the majority (94%) of the serum specimens of the subjects over 70 years of age showed hi antibody reactivity to the virus, with a mean geometric titre of 21.75. the vaccination of 38 individuals over 50 years of a ... | 1976 | 1016580 |
| influenza. | the most universally employed measurement of the impact of epidemics and pandemics is the excess of mortality due to influenza and pneumonia. other criteria are absenteeism from school and work, and all three will show positive indications when epidemics are of substantial size. during the 1974-1975 influenza season in houston, school and industrial absenteeism and the increase in influenza and pneumonia deaths, despite a newly devised statistical procedure, did not signal an epidemic. however, ... | 1976 | 1048031 |
| mapping of the influenza virus genome: identification of the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase genes. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the rna of influenza a/pr/8/34 (h0n1) and a/hong kong/8/68 (h3n2) viruses and recombinant viruses derived from them revealed that each contains eight rna segments, the fourth of which codes for hemagglutinin. (the largest rna of the segmented genome is counted as band 1.) the neuraminidase gene was identified as the sixth segment in the rna pattern of influenza a/pr8 virus and as the fifth segment of a/hong kong virus. the molecular weights of the rnas for t ... | 1976 | 1064882 |
| laboratory characteristics of an attenuated influenza type a (h3n2) virus ('alice' strain). | the alice strain of live attenuated influenza virus was obtained by selection of a gamma inhibitor-resistant strain from a virus recombinant between a/pr/8/34 (hon1) and a/england/42/72 (h3n2). its behaviour in vitro and in vivo was studied. three marker systems were investigated: resistance to serum inhibitors, growth capacity at high temperature and low sensitivity to amantadine hydrochloride. in ferrets the strain was found to be attenuated and immunogenic. passages in man, animals and eggs h ... | 1976 | 1068197 |
| influenza: response of t-cell lymphopenia to thymosin. | eighteen volunteers in tow study groups were inoculated with influenza a (h3n2) and their peripheral blood t, b and null cells enumerated at subsequent intervals. infection with wild-type virus or with a live, attenuated virus vaccine markedly reduced the proportion and absolute number of t-cell rosettes 24 hours after inoculation. t-cell depression preceded the onset of clinical illness in symptomatic subjects, continued during illness, and returned to normal with recovery. t-cell lymphopenia w ... | 1976 | 1083484 |
| live attenuated influenza virus vaccines in patients with chronic broncho-pulmonary diseases. clinical and immunological evaluation. | the safety and potency of two live attenuated influenza a virus vaccines, administered intranasally, were tested in outpatients suffering from chronic obstructive lung disease, during two successive trials performed between 1972 and 1974. the vaccine strains were representative of the prevalent influenza a virus types; the ann strain was derived from a classical h3n2 (a/hong-kong/878/69) isolated and the alice strain from a recent h3n2 drift (a/england/42/72). the serum and nasal antibody respon ... | 1975 | 1096297 |
| [experience in the use of tebrophen for influenza prevention]. | the efficacy of influenca prophylaxis by a new soviet chemopreparation tebrophen was studied during the influenza epidemics of 1972-1973 caused by the influenza virus of a/hong-kong/68 and a/england/72/h3n2/types. investigations were carried out under conditions of an epidemiological experience among the organized (adult) collective bodies (4352 persons in all). the preparation was instilled intranasally in the form of a 0.25 and 1% ointment on vaseline base. the efficacy index was 2.0-2.7, and ... | 1975 | 1098334 |
| humoral and secretory antibody responses to immunization with low and high dosage split influenza virus vaccine. | tri (n-butyl) phosphate (tnbp)-split vaccine containing 6400 cca units of influenza virus a/aichi/68 (h3n2) was given intramuscularly to a group of volunteers. the changes in serum haemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) and nasal wash neutralizing antibody were measured, and the results compared with that of volunteers given a tnbp-split vaccine containing 400 cca of the same virus. more volunteers given the high-dose vaccine developed a fourfold rise in serum hi antibody, and there was a greater inc ... | 1975 | 1119940 |
| [properties of influenza virus strains causing the influenza epidemic in moscow in 1972-3]. | the antigenic and some biological properties of influenza virus strains isolated during 1972-1973 epidemic were studied. altogether 114 strains were isolated from sick infants of the first months of life beginning from neonatality. the strains under study were found to have high adaptation and elution activity, to be highly sensitive to inhibitors and to produce polymorphous allantoic population in the adaptation period. the hemagglutinating and neuraminidase components were shown to be fairly c ... | 1975 | 1121850 |
| [evaluation of the preventive efficacy of bonaphthone in influenza]. | bonaphthone was tested as a prophylactic drug in 4927 adults during 1973 influenza epidemic caused by influenza a/england/42/72 (h3n2) virus, and shown to exert a protective effect: the index of effectiveness was 1.8-2.9, the protection rate 44.7-66.4%. when given per os in a daily dose of 50 mg for 24 days bonaphthone produced no manifest side effects. | 1975 | 1121854 |
| virus antibodies in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue diseases. | rubella and influenza a (h3n2) haemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody titres and measles complement-fixing (cf), haemagglutination inhibition (hi), haemolysis inhibition (hli), and ribonucleoprotein gel precipitation (rnp-gp) antibody titres were studied in the serum and synovial fluid of twenty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra), two patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and two patients with reiter's syndrome. antibody titres were also studied in the serum and csf of four patients wit ... | 1975 | 1124954 |
| assessment of immunity to influenza using artifical challenge of normal volunteers with influenza virus. | the candidate humoral mediators of protection against influenza include antibody (ab) to the viral hemagglutinin (h) or neuraminidase (n) in serum or respiratory secretions. in the present studies these mediators were evaluated principally by low dose live virus challenge of previously vaccinated volunteers. following im vaccination with h3n2 virus, ab appeared in both serum and secretions and direct quantitative relationship between the two was noted. among individuals vaccinated intranasally w ... | 1975 | 1126573 |