Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| microbial hydroxylation of imidacloprid for the synthesis of highly insecticidal olefin imidacloprid. | microorganisms that bring about the aerobic transformation of imidacloprid (imi) were isolated and screened, and the microbial regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of imi was studied. some bacteria and fungi transformed imi to 5-hydroxyl imi. bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788 resting cells transformed imi into r-5-hydroxyl imi at the highest conversion rate. the enzyme catalyzed the stereoselective hydroxylation at position c12 of imi in the imidazolidine ring. under acidic ... | 2006 | 16307271 |
| characterization of a novel satellite virus and a strain of himetobi p virus (dicistroviridae) from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | two distinct spherical virus-like particles were purified from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. one was a geographical isolate of himetobi p virus (cripavirus, dicistroviridae). the other was 30 nm in diameter and contained positive-stranded rna. the rna was 1647 nucleotides in length and encoded only its own capsid protein, indicating that this particle is a satellite virus. transmission tests showed that the satellite was transmitted vertically; however, its helper virus was unknown. ... | 2006 | 16310214 |
| construction of suppression subtractive hybridization libraries and identification of brown planthopper-induced genes. | a suppression subtractive hybridization technique was used to screen for brown planthopper (bph)-inducible genes in rice (oryza sativa). cdnas from a bph-resistant rice line (b5) infested by bph were used as the tester population, and mixed cdnas from a bph-sensitive line (mh63) and a control (uninfested b5) as the driver population. after hybridizing and cloning, forward and reverse subtraction cdna libraries were obtained, containing 5700 clones. these clones were further analyzed by different ... | 2005 | 16323277 |
| [changes in some defensive enzyme activity induced by the piercing-sucking of brown planthopper in rice]. | the effects of brown planthopper on the activities of some key enzymes involved in defense response and the h(2)o(2) content were investigated in rice. from the fact that after piercing-sucking of brown planthopper, malondialdehyde (mda) content of rice plant was increased rapidly (fig.3), one can conclude that it induced lipid peroxidation; lipoxygenase (lox), hydroperoxide lyase (hpl) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal) activities were increased significantly in plants of resistant and susce ... | 2005 | 16361793 |
| genetic analysis and fine mapping of a rice brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) resistance gene bph19(t). | genetic analysis and fine mapping of a resistance gene against brown planthopper (bph) biotype 2 in rice was performed using two f(2) populations derived from two crosses between a resistant indica cultivar (cv.), as20-1, and two susceptible japonica cvs., aichi asahi and lijiangxintuanheigu. insect resistance was evaluated using f(1) plants and the two f(2) populations. the results showed that a single recessive gene, tentatively designated as bph19(t), conditioned the resistance in as20-1. a l ... | 2006 | 16395578 |
| transgenic rice expressing allium sativum leaf lectin with enhanced resistance against sap-sucking insect pests. | mannose binding allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) has been shown to be antifeedant and insecticidal against sap-sucking insects. in the present investigation, asal coding sequence was expressed under the control of camv35s promoter in a chimeric gene cassette containing plant selection marker, hpt and gusa reporter gene of pcambia1301 binary vector in an elite indica rice cv. ir64. many fertile transgenic plants were generated using scutellar calli as initial explants through agrobacterium-m ... | 2006 | 16404581 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) responding to host plant resistance. | the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål is one of the major insect pests of rice oryza sativa l. the host resistance exhibits profound effects on growth, development and propagation of n. lugens. to investigate the molecular response of n. lugens to host resistance, a cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cdna-aflp) technique was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes in the nymphs feeding on three rice varieties. of the 2,800 cdna bands analysed, 54 were up-regulat ... | 2006 | 16441905 |
| fitness costs of laboratory-selected imidacloprid resistance in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål. | imidacloprid has been used as a key insecticide to control the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål, for several years, but no obvious resistance has been identified in field populations as yet. to evaluate the risk, a field population was collected and selected with imidacloprid in the laboratory. after 37-generation selection a strain with 250-fold resistance had been successfully achieved. fitness analysis by constructing life tables demonstrated that resistant hoppers had obvious disad ... | 2006 | 16475223 |
| a fusion protein containing a lepidopteran-specific toxin from the south indian red scorpion (mesobuthus tamulus) and snowdrop lectin shows oral toxicity to target insects. | despite evidence suggesting a role in plant defence, the use of plant lectins in crop protection has been hindered by their low and species-specific insecticidal activity. snowdrop lectin (galanthus nivalis agglutinin; gna) is transported to the haemolymph of insects after oral ingestion, and can be used as a basis for novel insecticides. recombinant proteins containing gna expressed as a fusion with a peptide or protein, normally only toxic when injected into the insect haemolymph, have the pot ... | 2006 | 16542451 |
| ssr mapping of brown planthopper resistance gene bph9 in kaharamana, an indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | the brown planthopper (bph) is one of the most serious insects pests of rice, and the host resistance has been recognized as one of the most economic and effective measures for bph management. in this study, we conducted a molecular-based genetic analysis of bph9 in kaharamana, a sri lanka rice variety resistant to bph insects of east and southeast asia. an f2 segregating population composed of 180 plants was constructed from the cross between kaharamana and 02428, and each f2 plant was self-cro ... | 2006 | 16553215 |
| mapping and marker-assisted selection of a brown planthopper resistance gene bph2 in rice (oryza sativa l.). | nilaparvata lugens stål (brown planthopper, bph), is one of the major insect pests of rice (oryza sativa l.) in the temperate rice-growing region. in this study, asd7 harboring a bph resistance gene bph2 was crossed to a susceptible cultivar c418, a japonica restorer line. bph resistance was evaluated using 134 f2:3 lines derived from the cross between "asd7" and "c418". ssr assay and linkage analysis were carried out to detect bph2. as a result, the resistant gene bph2 in asd7 was successfully ... | 2006 | 16939006 |
| a novel approach for developing resistance in rice against phloem limited viruses by antagonizing the phloem feeding hemipteran vectors. | rice production is known to be severely affected by virus transmitting rice pests, brown planthopper (bph) and green leafhopper (glh) of the order hemiptera, feeding by phloem abstraction. asal, a novel lectin from leaves of garlic (allium sativum) was previously demonstrated to be toxic towards hemipteran pests when administered in artificial diet as well as in asal expressing transgenic plants. in this report asal was targeted under the control of phloem-specific agrobacterium rolc and rice su ... | 2006 | 16941213 |
| a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mutation (y151s) causes reduced agonist potency to a range of neonicotinoid insecticides. | neonicotinoid insecticides are potent selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs). since their introduction in 1991, resistance to neonicotinoids has been slow to develop, but it is now established in some insect field populations such as the planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, a major rice pest in many parts of asia. we have reported recently the identification of a target-site mutation (y151s) within two nachr subunits (nlalpha1 and nlalpha3) from a laboratory-selected ... | 2006 | 16981889 |
| differences in induced volatile emissions among rice varieties result in differential attraction and parasitism of nilaparvata lugens eggs by the parasitoid anagrus nilaparvatae in the field. | we compared the volatiles of ja-treated plants of six rice varieties and then determined, in the laboratory and field, if they differed in attractiveness to anagrus nilaparavate pand et wang, an egg parasitoid of rice planthoppers. analyses of volatiles revealed significant differences among varieties, both in total quantity and quality of the blends emitted. on the basis of these differences, the six varieties could be roughly divided into three groups. in a y-tube olfactometer, female wasps pr ... | 2006 | 17061169 |
| the toxic effects of neem extract and azadirachtin on the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae). | extracts of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) are used in the developing world for many purposes including management of agricultural insect pests. the effects of different neem extracts (aqueous (nskeaq), ethanol (nskeeth) and hexane (nskehex)) on mortality, survival and weight of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae) third and fourth nymphal instars were investigated. when fed rice plants treated with neem derivatives in bioassays, the survival of bph ... | 2007 | 17113126 |
| transgenic indica rice resistant to sap-sucking insects. | agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation has been optimized in indica rice susceptible to sap-sucking insects, viz., brown planthopper (bph) and green leafhopper (glh). snowdrop lectin gene (gna) from galanthus nivalis, driven by phloem-specific rice-sucrose-synthase promoter, along with herbicide resistance gene (bar) driven by camv 35s promoter, was employed for genetic transformation. embryogenic calli--after co-cultivation with agrobacterium strain lba4404 harbouring ti plasmid psb111-b ... | 2003 | 17156035 |
| cloning and characterization of two cytochrome p450 cyp6ax1 and cyp6ay1 cdnas from nilaparvata lugens stål (homoptera: delphacidae). | two full-length p450 cdnas, cyp6ax1 and cyp6ay1, were cloned from the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (homoptera: delphacidae). both cyp6ax1 and cyp6ay1 are typical microsomal p450s and their deduced amino acid sequences share common characteristics with other members of the insect p450 cyp6 family. cyp6ax1 and cyp6ay1 show the highest percent identity (36%) of amino acid to each other; both of them have 31-33% amino acid identity with cyp6b1 from papilio polyxenes (lepidoptera: papili ... | 2007 | 17212353 |
| phylogenetic position of the yeast-like symbiotes of tagosodes orizicolus (homoptera: delphacidae) based on 18s ribosomal dna partial sequences. | tagosodes orizicolus muir (homoptera: delphacidae), the endemic delphacid species of tropical america carries yeast-like symbiotes (yls) in the abdominal fat bodies and the ovarial tissues, like other rice planthoppers of asia. these yls are obligate symbiotes, which are transmitted transovarially, and maintain a mutualistic relationship with the insect host. this characteristic has made in vitro culture and classification of yls rather difficult using conventional methods. nevertheless, microor ... | 2004 | 17361570 |
| the novel botanical insecticide for the control brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stal.). | brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stal., (bph) was the most devastating insect pest on rice in many parts of asia. the outbreak of bph? which is resistant to many synthetic insecticides can cause total rice crop loss. this research was done to evaluate the efficiency of mangostin from the pericarp of mangosteen fruit extract (garcina mangostana l.) as the alternative control of bph. the pericarp of mangosteen fruit was extracted by soxhlet apparatus using ethanol as a solvent and purified by ... | 2006 | 17385515 |
| identification of y chromosomal pcr marker and production of a selected strain for molecular sexing in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | a laboratory colony was established in order to enable molecular sexing in premature stages in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. we found four male-specific amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) in the planthopper, and sequenced one of the aflps along with its 5' flanking region (1,423 bp in total). pcr primers were designed based on the nucleotide sequence information so that the pcr product was present in male planthoppers and absent in female planthoppers. however, we could ... | 2007 | 17427932 |
| identification of putative mapk kinases in oryza minuta and o. sativa responsive to biotic stresses. | the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) signaling cascade is critical for regulating plant defense systems against various kinds of pathogen and environmental stresses. one component of this cascade, the map kinase kinases (mapkk), has not yet been shown to be induced in plants following biotic attacks, such as those by insects and fungi. we describe here a gene coding for a blast (magnaporthe grisea)- and insect (nilaparvata lugens)-responsive putative mapk kinase, ommkk1 (oryza minuta mapk ... | 2007 | 17464219 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to brown planthopper in the indica rice cultivar col.5 thailand. | the brown planthopper (bph) is one of the most serious insect pests of rice throughout asia. in this study, we constructed a linkage map to determine the locus for bph resistance gene, using an f(2) population from a cross between a resistant indica cultivar, 'col.5 thailand', and a susceptible cultivar '02428'. insect resistance was evaluated using 147 f(3) families and the genotype of each f(2) plant was inferred from the phenotype of corresponding f(3) families. two qtls was detected on chrom ... | 2007 | 17567441 |
| the identification of candidate rice genes that confer resistance to the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) through representational difference analysis. | the development of rice varieties (oryza sativa l.) that are resistant to the brown planthopper (bph; nilaparvata lugens stål) is an important objective in current breeding programs. in this study, we generated 132 bc(5)f(5) near-isogenic rice lines (nils) by five backcrosses of samgangbyeo, a bph resistant indica variety carrying the bph1 locus, with nagdongbyeo, a bph susceptible japonica variety. to identify genes that confer bph resistance, we employed representational difference analysis (r ... | 2007 | 17585380 |
| transmission of rice stripe virus acquired from frozen infected leaves by the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallen). | rice stripe disease, caused by rice stripe virus (rsv), is one of the most serious rice diseases in temperate and subtropical regions of the world. since rsv is not transmissible mechanically, an insect transmission test was the original basis for identification of the viral population and cultivar resistance. a simple, rapid and reliable method is described by which virus-free small brown planthoppers acquired rsv from frozen infected rice leaves and transmitted the virus to healthy rice plants ... | 2007 | 17614147 |
| effect of azadirachtin on acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and histology of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål). | the effect of azadirachtin (aza), a tetranortriterpene from neem, on the mortality, acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, and the development of the ovaries of female brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) was tested in laboratory experiments. the lethal concentrations were determined and applied topically to the adult female bph (lc(50)=0.47 ppm and lc(90)=0.96 ppm). the treated insects exhibited toxic symptoms with a dose-dependent mortality. the lc(50) concentrations were tested a ... | 2008 | 17765967 |
| early season natural control of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens: the contribution and interaction of two spider species and a predatory bug. | nilaparvata lugens stål, the brown planthopper (bph), is a major pest in rice. the lycosid pardosa pseudoannulata (bösenberg & strand) and the linyphiid atypena formosana (oi) are the early dominant predators in irrigated rice. later, predatory bugs, including the mirid cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter, become dominant. in unsprayed rice, bph numbers normally remain low. while p. pseudoannulata is known to be a key natural enemy of bph, the contribution to bph reduction by the smaller a. formosan ... | 2007 | 17916271 |
| functional expression and characterisation of a gut facilitative glucose transporter, nlht1, from the phloem-feeding insect nilaparvata lugens (rice brown planthopper). | phloem-sap feeding hemipteran insects have access to a sucrose-rich diet but are dependent on sucrose hydrolysis and hexose transport for carbon nutrition. a cdna library from nilaparvata lugens (rice brown planthopper) was screened for clones encoding potential transmembrane transporters. a selected cdna, nlht1, encodes a 53kda polypeptide with sequence similarity to facilitative hexose transporters of eukaryotes and prokaryotes, including glut1, the human erythrocyte hexose transporter. nlht1 ... | 2007 | 17916500 |
| responses of two contrasting genotypes of rice to brown planthopper. | rice (oryza sativa l.) and brown planthoppers (bph) (nilaparvata lugens stål) provide an ideal system for studying molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between plants and phloem-feeding insects. the phenotypic responses and changes in transcript profiles of seedlings representing two rice cultivars differing in resistance to the bph were analyzed. in the bph-compatible (susceptible) cv. mh63, bph feeding reduced three examined plant growth parameters (leaf area expansion, height inc ... | 2008 | 18052889 |
| molecular cloning of a gaba receptor subunit from laodelphax striatella (fallén) and patch clamp analysis of the homo-oligomeric receptors expressed in a drosophila cell line. | a cdna encoding a gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor subunit was cloned from the small brown planthopper laodelphax striatella. the l. striatella gaba receptor subunit was found to have high amino acid sequence similarity to the bd-type splice variant of the drosophila gaba receptor rdl subunit and several other gaba receptor subunits, with identities of over 70%. the cdna was inserted into the expression vector pac5.1-lac-hygro. clonal cell lines stably expressing homo-oligomeric l. striat ... | 2007 | 18093001 |
| a novel lipoxygenase gene from developing rice seeds confers dual position specificity and responds to wounding and insect attack. | oslox1 is a novel full-length cdna isolated from developing rice seeds. we have examined its biochemical properties and expression patterns. the protein has dual positional specificity, as it releases both c-9 and c-13 oxidized products in a 4:3 ratio. oslox1 transcripts were detected at low abundance in immature seeds and newly germinated seedlings, but accumulate rapidly and transiently in response to wounding or brown planthopper (bph) attack, reaching a peak 3 h after wounding and 6 h after ... | 2008 | 18185911 |
| herbivore-induced callose deposition on the sieve plates of rice: an important mechanism for host resistance. | the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål; bph) is a specialist herbivore on rice (oryza sativa) that ingests phloem sap from the plant through its stylet mouthparts. electronic penetration graphs revealed that bph insects spent more time wandering over plants carrying the resistance genes bph14 and bph15, but less time ingesting phloem than they did on susceptible plants. they also showed that their feeding was frequently interrupted. tests with [(14)c]sucrose showed that insects ingested ... | 2008 | 18245456 |
| annotated ests from various tissues of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens: a genomic resource for studying agricultural pests. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera, delphacidae), is a serious insect pests of rice plants. major means of bph control are application of agricultural chemicals and cultivation of bph resistant rice varieties. nevertheless, bph strains that are resistant to agricultural chemicals have developed, and bph strains have appeared that are virulent against the resistant rice varieties. expressed sequence tag (est) analysis and related applications are useful to elucidate the me ... | 2008 | 18315884 |
| cultivar and insecticide applications affect the physiological development of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). | nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera:delphacidae) is a serious migratory pest of rice in asia. pest resurgence often occurs because of insecticide overuse. using both susceptible (tn1) and moderately resistant (xieyou 963) cultivars, we studied the effect of foliar insecticides on the percentage of brachypterous adults, female reproductive rate, and crude fat and soluble sugar contents in third- and fifth-instar nymphs and adults. the percentage of brachypterous adults and reproductive rate of a ... | 2008 | 18348812 |
| amino acids outside of the loops that define the agonist binding site are important for ligand binding to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | nicotinic acetylcholine (ach) receptors (nachrs) are the targets of several kinds of insecticides. based on the mutagenesis studies of torpedo californica nachrs and solved structure of a molluscan, glial-derived soluble ach-binding protein, a model of the agonist site was constructed with contributing amino acids from three distinct loops (a, b, and c) of the alpha subunits and another three loops (d, e, and f) of the non-alpha subunits. according to this model, most insect nachr subunits can f ... | 2008 | 18363827 |
| effects of alpha-mangostin from mangosteen pericarp extract and imidacloprid on nilaparvata lugens (stal.) and non-target organisms: toxicity and detoxification mechanism. | the brown planthopper, nilaparvato lugens stat. (bph) is the most devastating insect pest in rice fields. outbreaks of bph, which are resistant to many synthetic insecticides, can cause total rice crop loss. this research was done to evaluate the efficiency of extracts of mangosteen pericarp (garcina mangostana l.) as an alternative control of bph thailand strain. topical spraying was applied to various stages of nymphal and adult bph to determine toxicity. an ethanol extract of mangosteen peric ... | 2007 | 18399471 |
| selection of global metarhizium isolates for the control of the rice pest nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | this study was initiated to search for fungal candidates for microbial control of brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens stål, to which little attention has been paid in the past two decades. | 2008 | 18438960 |
| physiological responses to nilaparvata lugens in susceptible and resistant rice varieties: allocation of assimilates between shoots and roots. | nilaparvata lugens (stål) is a typical vascular feeder, primarily sucking the phloem sap of host plants. its feeding on rice, oryza sativa l., plants changes the pattern of allocation of assimilates between roots and shoots, and the root:shoot (r/s) ratio of assimilates is often measured as an index of physiological responses to n. lugens. the current study investigated changes in the r/s ratio of biomass, sucrose, and soluble sugar contents of rice plants in a susceptible variety (tn1) and a re ... | 2008 | 18459402 |
| imidacloprid susceptibility survey and selection risk assessment in field populations of nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | imidacloprid has been used for many years to control planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae) in china. to provide resistance assessment for the national insecticide resistance management program, we collected a total of 42 samples of the planthoppers from 27 locations covering eight provinces to monitor their dose responses and susceptibility changes to imidacloprid over an 11-yr period (1996-2006). results showed that most field populations maintained susceptibility from ... | 2008 | 18459419 |
| categories and inheritance of resistance to nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae) in mutants of indica rice 'ir64'. | varietal mutants can be useful for developing durable resistance, understanding categories of resistance, and identifying candidate genes involved in defense responses. we used mutants of rice 'ir64' to isolate new sources of resistance to the planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae). we compared two mutants that showed a gain and loss of resistance to n. lugens, to determine the categories of resistance to this pest. under choice tests, female planthoppers avoided settling ... | 2008 | 18459427 |
| molecular tagging of genes for brown planthopper resistance and earliness introgressed from oryza australiensis into cultivated rice, o. sativa. | restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was carried out to tag the alien genes for brown planthopper (bph) resistance and earliness introgressed from wild species oryza australiensis into cultivated rice, o. sativa l. one introgression line (ir65482-4-136-2-2), resistant to biotypes 1, 2, and 3 of bph and early in flowering, was selected from bc2f4 of the cross between o. sativa (ir31917-45-3-2) and o. australiensis (accession 100882). recurrent parent, o. australiensis, and introgress ... | 1994 | 18470071 |
| evidence of sibling species in the brown planthopper complex (nilaparvata lugens) detected from short and long primer random amplified polymorphic dna fingerprints. | the inheritance of 31 amplicons from short and long primer rapd was tested for segregating ratios in two families of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, and they were found to be inherited in a simple mendelian fashion. these markers could now be used in population genetics studies of n. lugens. ten populations of n. lugens were collected from five locations in malaysia. each location had two sympatric populations. cluster and principal coordinate analyses based on genetic distance along ... | 2008 | 18504649 |
| buprofezin susceptibility survey, resistance selection and preliminary determination of the resistance mechanism in nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | buprofezin has been used for many years to control nilaparvata lugens (stål). assessment of susceptibility change in the insect is essential for maintaining control efficiency and resistance management. | 2008 | 18506673 |
| molecular tagging of the bph1 locus for resistance to brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) through representational difference analysis. | during brown planthopper (bph) feeding on rice plants, we employed a modified representational difference analysis (rda) method to detect rare transcripts among those differentially expressed in snbc61, a bph resistant near-isogenic line (nil) carrying the bph1 resistance gene. this identified 3 rda clones: osbphi237, osbphi252 and osbphi262. dna gel-blot analysis revealed that the loci of the rda clones in snbc61 corresponded to the alleles of the bph resistant donor samgangbyeo. expression ana ... | 2008 | 18553105 |
| preference and performance of anagrus nilaparvatae (hymenoptera: mymaridae): effect of infestation duration and density by nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | the effect of nilaparvata lugens (stål) infestation duration and density on the host preference and performance of anagrus nilaparvatae pang et wang, an egg parasitoid of rice planthoppers, was determined. the results showed that the parasitoid preferred n. lugens eggs on the plants infested with 10 gravid n. lugens females for 1 d to those plants infested with 10 gravid females for 2 or 3 d. it was also found to prefer n. lugens eggs on plants infested with 10 or 20 adult females after 24 h of ... | 2008 | 18559181 |
| a one-step real time rt-pcr assay for quantifying rice stripe virus in rice and in the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus fallen). | rice stripe virus (rsv) is an important pathogen affecting rice production in subtropical and temperate regions. one-step real time rt-pcr methods using the taqman probe are described for quantitative detection of rsv in rice tissues and in laodelphax striatellus fallen, the small brown planthopper (sbph). primers and probe for specific detection of rsv were designed within the conserved region identified within the coat protein (cp) gene sequence. a dna fragment was amplified for mimicking the ... | 2008 | 18586332 |
| fine mapping of the rice bph1 gene, which confers resistance to the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stal), and development of sts markers for marker-assisted selection. | the brown planthopper (bph) is a major insect pest in rice, and damages these plants by sucking phloem-sap and transmitting viral diseases. many bph resistance genes have been identified in indica varieties and wild rice accessions, but none has yet been cloned. in the present study we report fine mapping of the region containing the bph1 locus, which enabled us to perform marker-aided selection (mas). we used 273 f8 recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross between cheongcheongbyeo, ... | 2008 | 18612237 |
| amino acids within loops d, e and f of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta subunits influence neonicotinoid selectivity. | nicotinic acetylcholine (ach) receptors (nachrs) are ligand-gated ion channels which mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in insect and vertebrate nervous systems. the nachr agonist-binding site is present at the interface of adjacent subunits and is formed by loops a-c present in alpha subunits together with loops d-f present in either non-alpha subunits or homomer-forming alpha subunits. to investigate the mechanism of neonicotinoid selectivity, we have examined the effects of alteri ... | 2008 | 18675908 |
| susceptibility to neonicotinoids and risk of resistance development in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae). | in recent years, outbreaks of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), have occurred more frequently in china. the objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of n. lugens to neonicotinoids and other insecticides in major rice production areas in china. | 2008 | 18680157 |
| neonicotinoid resistance in rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | rice brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål, is a primary insect pest of cultivated rice, and effective control is essential for economical crop production. resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides, in particular imidacloprid, has been reported as an increasing constraint in recent years. in order to investigate the extent of resistance, 24 samples of n. lugens were collected from china, india, indonesia, malaysia, thailand and vietnam during 2005 and 2006. their responses to two diagnostic ... | 2008 | 18803175 |
| species-specific insecticide resistance to imidacloprid and fipronil in the rice planthoppers nilaparvata lugens and sogatella furcifera in east and south-east asia. | in 2003 the development of insecticide resistance against neonicotinoids in the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae), was first observed in thailand and has since been found in other asian countries such as vietnam, china and japan. however, the ld(50) values of bph and the whitebacked planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera (horváth), against both neonicotinoid and phenylpyrazole insecticides have been poorly reported in many asian countries. | 2008 | 18803329 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a juvenile hormone esterase gene from brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | juvenile hormone (jh) plays key roles in the regulation of growth, development, diapause and reproduction in insects, and juvenile hormone esterase (jhe) plays an important role in regulating jh titers. we obtained a full-length cdna encoding jhe in nilaparvata lugens (nljhe), the first jhe gene cloned from the hemipteran insects. the deduced protein sequence of nljhe contains the five conserved motifs identified in jhes of other insect species, including a consensus gqsag motif that is required ... | 2008 | 18804476 |
| imidacloprid acts as an antagonist on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor containing the y151m mutation. | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) are ligand-gated ion channels which mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in insect and vertebrate nervous systems. a point mutation y151s had been identified in nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper) that is associated with target-site resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides. methionine (m151) is found in the caenorhabditis elegans alpha subunit acr18 at the corresponding site to y151 in nlalpha1. here, the y151m mutation was introduced into ... | 2008 | 18824080 |
| transgenic rice expressing allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) exhibits high-level resistance against major sap-sucking pests. | rice (oryza sativa) productivity is adversely impacted by numerous biotic and abiotic factors. an approximate 52% of the global production of rice is lost annually owing to the damage caused by biotic factors, of which approximately 21% is attributed to the attack of insect pests. in this paper we report the isolation, cloning and characterization of allium sativum leaf agglutinin (asal) gene, and its expression in elite indica rice cultivars using agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation m ... | 2008 | 18854007 |
| sublethal effects of four insecticides on the reproduction and wing formation of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens stål, is a major rice pest in many parts of asia. neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid and dinotefuran are widely used for control of this pest, and resistance to these insecticides has developed in recent years. this pest has also been widely exposed to triazophos and fenvalerate, although these insecticides are not used for the control of the pest directly. here, the effects of sublethal doses of these four insecticides on the reproduction and win ... | 2009 | 18937216 |
| cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids as new nicotinic family: synthesis, structural diversity, and insecticidal evaluation of hexahydroimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine. | a series of neonicotinoids analogues of hexahydroimidazo[1,2-alpha]pyridine were modified at 5-, 6-, and 7-positions, and their insecticidal activities were evaluated. introducing a methyl or ethyl at 7-position increased the insecticidal activities, while other substituents decreased activities. when alkyl substituents were introduced to 7-position, the insecticidal activities against pea aphids decreased in the order methyl (7a)>ethyl (7b)>n-butyl (7e)>phenyl (7f)>n-propyl (7c)>iso-propyl (7d) ... | 2008 | 18951786 |
| antifeedants of indian barnyard millet, echinochloa frumentacea link, against brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål). | eight compounds isolated from indian barnyard millet have been identified as l-malic acid, trans-aconitic acid, (+)-isocitric acid, 5-o-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-o-caffeoylquinic acid, isocarlinoside, 2"-o-rhamnosylisoorientin, and 7-o-(2"-o-glucuronosyl)glucuronosyltricin, respectively. these compounds showed high antifeeding activity against brown planthopper only when they were combined. | 2016 | 19040117 |
| heteromeric co-assembly of two insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha subunits: influence on sensitivity to neonicotinoid insecticides. | neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) and are used extensively in areas of crop protection and animal health to control a variety of insect pest species. here, we describe studies performed with nachr subunits nlalpha1 and nlalpha2 cloned from the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens, a major insect pest of rice crops in many parts of asia. the influence of nlalpha1 and nlalpha2 subunits upon the functional p ... | 2009 | 19046356 |
| significance of the tropical fire ant solenopsis geminata (hymenoptera: formicidae) as part of the natural enemy complex responsible for successful biological control of many tropical irrigated rice pests. | the tropical fire ant solenopsis geminata (fabricius) often nests very abundantly in the earthen banks (bunds) around irrigated rice fields in the tropics. where some farmers habitually drain fields to the mud for about 3-4 days, the ants can quickly spread up to about 20 m into the fields where they collect food, including pest prey such as the eggs and young of the apple snail pomacea caniculata (lamarck) and insects such as lepidopterous larvae and hoppers, notably nilaparvata lugens (stäl) t ... | 2009 | 19203401 |
| inheritance mode and realized heritability of resistance to imidacloprid in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål) (homoptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), is a serious pest that causes enormous losses to the rice crop in asia. the genetic basis of imidacloprid resistance was investigated in n. lugens. | 2009 | 19206094 |
| nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta1 subunit from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens: a-to-i rna editing and its possible roles in neonicotinoid sensitivity. | nicotinic acetylcholine (ach) receptors (nachrs) are ligand-gated ion channels which mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in insect and vertebrate nervous systems. the nachr agonist-binding site is formed by loops a-c present in alpha subunits together with loops d-f present in either non-alpha subunits or homomer-forming alpha subunits. a new non-alpha subunit was cloned from nilaparvata lugens, a major rice pest in many parts of asia, showing very high amino acid identity to other in ... | 2013 | 19254762 |
| agamermis unka (mermithidae) parasitism of nilaparvata lugens in rice fields in korea. | the mermithid agamermis unka, a parasite of the brown planthopper (bph), was found in many rice paddies in gyeongnam province, korea. nematode parasitism of adult bph varied from year to year, reaching as high as 50% in paddies not treated with an insecticide. parasitism was lower in insecticide-treated paddies. generally, mermithid parasitism was higher in bph adults collected from the lower part (19%) compared with adults collected from the upper part (8%) of the rice plant and in brachypterou ... | 1989 | 19287605 |
| parasitism of brown planthopper and whitebacked planthopper by agamermis unka in korea. | adults of the brown planthopper (bph) and the whitebacked planthopper (wbph) that migrated into korea from china were not parasitized by the mermithid, agamermis unka. bph and wbph collected from korean rice fields were parasitized. parasitism of bph in the lst-3rd, 4th, and 5th instars, and adults was 31.5%, 61.5%, 66.4%, and 45.5%, respectively, whereas parasitism of the same stages of wbph was 50%, 50%, 100% and 90.7%, respectively. parasitism of bph by a. unka significantly reduced the numbe ... | 1990 | 19287751 |
| understanding rice plant resistance to the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens): a proteomic approach. | engineering and breeding resistant plant varieties are the most effective and environmentally friendly ways to control agricultural pests and improve crop performance. however, the mechanism of plant resistance to pests is poorly understood. here we used a quantitative mass-spectrometry-based proteomic approach for comparative analysis of expression profiles of proteins in rice leaf sheaths in responses to infestation by the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål, bph), which is a serious ri ... | 2009 | 19405033 |
| the distribution and identification of brown planthopper resistance genes in rice. | a collection of 515 rice landraces originating from vietnam and china were screened for the reaction to brown planthopper (bph) infestation. most of the resistant landraces were indica types from vietnam and the guangxi province in china. an f(2) mapping population was created from the cross between a bph resistant vietnamese landrace yagyaw and the susceptible cultivar cpslo17. four quantitative trait loci (qtl) contributing to bph resistance were mapped on chromosomes 2, 4, 7 and 9, respective ... | 2009 | 19490167 |
| toxicity and physiological effects of neem pesticides applied to rice on the nilaparvata lugens stål, the brown planthopper. | the effects of two different neem products (parker oil and neema) on mortality, food consumption and survival of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (bph) (homoptera: delphacidae) were investigated. the lc(50) (3.45 ml/l for nymph and 4.42 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 4.18 ml/l for nymph and 5.63 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) and lc(90) (8.72 ml/l for nymph and 11.1 ml/l for adult in parker oil treatment; 9.84 ml/l for nymph and 13.07 ml/l for adult in neema treatment) ... | 2009 | 19500844 |
| characterization of putative soluble and membrane-bound trehalases in a hemipteran insect, nilaparvata lugens. | trehalose is the main blood sugar of insects, and the enzyme trehalase is involved in energy metabolism and controlling trehalose levels in cells. two forms (soluble and membrane-bound) of trehalase and the corresponding genes (nltre-1 and nltre-2) were identified from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. both nltre-1 and nltre-2 contain trehalase signature motifs, and nltre-2 contains a putative transmembrane domain. comparison of trehalase activity and gene mrna level at different develo ... | 2009 | 19615372 |
| identification of two lynx proteins in nilaparvata lugens and the modulation on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) mediate fast cholinergic synaptic transmission in the insect brain and are targets for neonicotinoid insecticides. some proteins, other than nachrs themselves, might play important roles in insect nachrs function in vivo and in vitro, such as the chaperone, regulator and modulator. here we report the identification of two nachr modulators (nl-lynx1 and nl-lynx2) in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. analysis of amino acid sequences of nl-lynx1 a ... | 2009 | 19619141 |
| functional co-expression of two insect nicotinic receptor subunits (nlalpha3 and nlalpha8) reveals the effects of a resistance-associated mutation (nlalpha3) on neonicotinoid insecticides. | neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) and are used extensively to control a variety of insect pest species. previously, we have identified a nachr point mutation (y151s) associated with insecticide resistance in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. although this mutation has been identified in two different n. lugens nachr subunits (nlalpha1 and nlalpha3) because of difficulties in heterologous expressio ... | 2009 | 19627438 |
| silencing oshi-lox makes rice more susceptible to chewing herbivores, but enhances resistance to a phloem feeder. | the jasmonic acid (ja) pathway plays a central role in plant defense responses against insects. some phloem-feeding insects also induce the salicylic acid (sa) pathway, thereby suppressing the plant's ja response. these phenomena have been well studied in dicotyledonous plants, but little is known about them in monocotyledons. we cloned a chloroplast-localized type 2 13-lipoxygenase gene of rice, oshi-lox, whose transcripts were up-regulated in response to feeding by the rice striped stem borer ... | 2009 | 19656341 |
| high-resolution mapping of two rice brown planthopper resistance genes, bph20(t) and bph21(t), originating from oryza minuta. | brown planthopper (bph) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. wild species of rice are a valuable source of resistance genes for developing resistant cultivars. a molecular marker-based genetic analysis of bph resistance was conducted using an f(2) population derived from a cross between an introgression line, 'ir71033-121-15', from oryza minuta (accession number 101141) and a susceptible korean japonica variety, 'junambyeo'. resistance to bph (biotype 1) was evaluated using 190 f ... | 2009 | 19669727 |
| expression of brd1, a plant defensin from brassica rapa, confers resistance against brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens) in transgenic rices. | plant defensins are small (5-10 kda) basic peptides thought to be an important component of the defense pathway against fungal and/or bacterial pathogens. to understand the role of plant defensins in protecting plants against the brown planthopper, a type of insect herbivore, we isolated the brassica rapa defensin 1 (brd1) gene and introduced it into rice (oryza sativa l.) to produce stable transgenic plants. the brd1 protein is homologous to other plant defensins and contains both an n-terminal ... | 2009 | 19714315 |
| insecticide-induced changes in protein, rna, and dna contents in ovary and fat body of female nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the widespread use of insecticides is known to cause resurgence in nilaparvata lugens (stål) (hemiptera: delphacidae) populations, a serious insect pest of rice, orzya sativa l., crops in asia. the current study investigated insecticide-induced changes in protein, rna, and dna levels in the ovary and fat body of adult female n. lugens. potted rice plants were sprayed with different concentrations of imidacloprid, triazophos, and detamethrin. the results showed that all three insecticides caused ... | 2009 | 19736763 |
| [resistance stability of rice varieties to different biotypes of brown planthopper]. | in order to develop an effective analytical and monitoring method in breeding rice varieties with higher resistance stability to brown planthopper (bph), tai's method (1971) was employed to estimate the resistance stability of twelve rice varieties to different biotypes of bph. it was shown that light intensity, seedling age, and nitrogen application rate had significant effects on the resistance performance and stability of rice varieties to different bph biotypes. among the varieties with resi ... | 2009 | 19795662 |
| [interactive effects of temperature and nitrogen fertilizer on the survival, development, and reproduction of brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens]. | a laboratory study was made on the interactive effects of temperature (20 degrees c, 23 degrees c, 26 degrees c, 29 degrees c, and 32 degrees c) and nitrogen fertilization level (0 and 250 kg x hm(-2)) on the survival, development, and reproduction of brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens. with increasing temperature from 20 degrees c to 29 degrees c, the egg hatchability, nymphal survival, and adult fecundity of bph increased and the developmental duration of all stages shortened; while at ... | 2009 | 19803177 |
| pharmacological characterization of cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids in relation to imidacloprid binding sites in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) and extensively used in areas of crop protection and animal health to control a variety of insect pest species. here we describe that two cis-nitromethylene neonicotinoids (ippa152002 and ippa152004), recently synthesized in our laboratory, discriminated between the high and low affinity imidacloprid binding sites in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, a major ... | 2010 | 19849723 |
| role of hydroperoxide lyase in white-backed planthopper (sogatella furcifera horváth)-induced resistance to bacterial blight in rice, oryza sativa l. | a pre-infestation of the white-backed planthopper (wbph), sogatella furcifera horváth, conferred resistance to bacterial blight caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo) in rice (oryza sativa l.) under both laboratory and field conditions. the infestation of another planthopper species, the brown planthopper (bph) nilaparvata lugens stål, did not significantly reduce the incidence of bacterial blight symptoms. a large-scale screening using a rice dna microarray and quantitative rt-pcr reveal ... | 2010 | 19891707 |
| interpopulation crosses, inheritance study, and genetic variability in the brown planthopper complex, nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | studies on hybridization, inheritance, and population genetics of brown planthoppers that infest rice and weeds were undertaken using starch gel electrophoresis to determine whether the weed-infesting population represents a biological race or a species. f(1) and f(2) generations were produced by crosses between parental insects from the two populations with little indication of hybrid sterility. gpi, mdh, and idh loci were inherited in a simple mendelian fashion in families of two sympatric pop ... | 2010 | 19967400 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the small brown planthopper, laodelphax striatellus (delphacidae: hemiptera), with a novel gene order. | we determined the first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence from a representative of the insect family delphacidae, laodelphax striatellus. the 16,513 bp long l. striatellus mitogenome encodes 13 putative proteins, two ribosomal rnas, and 22 transfer rnas, and contains a putative control region (or a+t-rich region). the nucleotide composition is biased toward adenine and thymine (77.2% a+t), and the amino acid composition is affected to a similar degree by the at mutational bias. ... | 2009 | 19968473 |
| divalent and oxabridged neonicotinoids constructed by dialdehydes and nitromethylene analogues of imidacloprid: design, synthesis, crystal structure, and insecticidal activities. | a series of divalent and oxabridged neonicotinoids were synthesized by reactions of nitromethylene analogues of imidacloprid and dialdehydes, and their structures were confirmed by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction analysis. the bioassays indicated that some of them were endowed with excellent insecticidal activities against cowpea aphid ( aphis craccivora ), armyworm ( pseudaletia separata walker), and brown planthopper ( nilaparvata lugens ). divalen ... | 2010 | 20000569 |
| selectivity of lynx proteins on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) are major excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in both vertebrates and invertebrates. two lynx proteins (nl-lynx1 and nl-lynx2) have been identified in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, which act as modulators on insect nachrs. in the present study, two lynx proteins were found to act on the triplet receptor nlalpha1/nlalpha2/beta2 expressed in xenopus oocytes, increasing agonist-evoked macroscopic currents, but not changing agonist s ... | 2010 | 20002807 |
| native subunit composition of two insect nicotinic receptor subtypes with differing affinities for the insecticide imidacloprid. | neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) and are used extensively to control a variety of insect pest species. the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens), an insect pest of rice crops throughout asia, is an important target species for control with neonicotinoid insecticides such as imidacloprid. studies with nachrs purified from n. lugens have identified two [(3)h]imidacloprid binding sites with different affin ... | 2010 | 20005950 |
| novel bifunctional nucleases, ombbd and atbbd1, are involved in abscisic acid-mediated callose deposition in arabidopsis. | screening of the expressed sequence tag library of the wild rice species oryza minuta revealed an unknown gene that was rapidly and strongly induced in response to attack by a rice fungal pathogen (magnaporthe oryzae) and an insect (nilaparvata lugens) and by wounding, abscisic acid (aba), and methyl jasmonate treatments. its recombinant protein was identified as a bifunctional nuclease with both rnase and dnase activities in vitro. this gene was designated ombbd (for o. minuta bifunctional nucl ... | 2010 | 20018603 |
| identification and characterization of bph14, a gene conferring resistance to brown planthopper in rice. | planthoppers are highly destructive pests in crop production worldwide. brown planthopper (bph) causes the most serious damage of the rice crop globally among all rice pests. growing resistant varieties is the most effective and environment-friendly strategy for protecting the crop from bph. more than 19 bph-resistance genes have been reported and used to various extents in rice breeding and production. in this study, we cloned bph14, a gene conferring resistance to bph at seedling and maturity ... | 2009 | 20018701 |
| transinfection of wolbachia in planthoppers: nymphal injection of cultured wolbachia and infection dynamics. | wolbachia species are intracellular symbionts that cause reproductive alterations in arthropods. transinfection experiments have been performed in many arthropod species to elucidate the interaction between wolbachia and a new host. to ease transinfection of this bacterium to new arthropod hosts, we introduced two techniques: nymphal injection instead of embryonic injection and the use of a cultured source of wolbachia instead of direct transfer from donors to recipients. wolbachia in the small ... | 2009 | 20021758 |
| discrimination of rice panicles by hyperspectral reflectance data based on principal component analysis and support vector classification. | detection of crop health conditions plays an important role in making control strategies of crop disease and insect damage and gaining high-quality production at late growth stages. in this study, hyperspectral reflectance of rice panicles was measured at the visible and near-infrared regions. the panicles were divided into three groups according to health conditions: healthy panicles, empty panicles caused by nilaparvata lugens stål, and panicles infected with ustilaginoidea virens. low order d ... | 2010 | 20043354 |
| [effects of typhoon 'haitang' airflow field on the northward migration route of rice brown planthopper]. | based on gis, grads, and hysplit-4.8 model, this paper analyzed the daily light-trap catches of rice brown planthopper at 42 pest monitoring stations of 10 provinces in china, the wind field on 850 hpa isobaric surface, and the migration tracks of rice brown planthopper at 20 pest monitoring stations during the occurrence of 0505 typhoon 'haitang' from 19th to 21st july, 2005. after its landing on china, the typhoon 'haitang' changed the southwest air flow, a flow which leads the northward migra ... | 2009 | 20077712 |
| selectable antibiotic resistance marker gene-free transgenic rice harbouring the garlic leaf lectin gene exhibits resistance to sap-sucking planthoppers. | rice, the major food crop of world is severely affected by homopteran sucking pests. we introduced coding sequence of allium sativum leaf agglutinin, asal, in rice cultivar ir64 to develop sustainable resistance against sap-sucking planthoppers as well as eliminated the selectable antibiotic-resistant marker gene hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) exploiting cre/lox site-specific recombination system. an expression vector was constructed containing the coding sequence of asal, a potent controll ... | 2010 | 20094886 |
| bacterial symbionts of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål), the most destructive pest of rice, has been identified, including biotypes with high virulence towards previously resistant rice varieties. there have also been many reports of a yeast-like symbiont of n. lugens, but little is known about the bacterial microbes. in this study, we examined the bacterial microbes in n. lugens and identified a total of 18 operational taxonomic units (otus) representing four phyla (proteobacteria, firmicutes, actinoba ... | 2010 | 20097822 |
| biotransformation of thianicotinyl neonicotinoid insecticides: diverse molecular substituents response to metabolism by bacterium stenotrophomonas maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788. | the carbon atom that neighbors the tertiary amine attached to the 6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl moiety is the key active site in the hydroxylation of the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and thiacloprid as well as in the demethylation of acetamiprid by stenotrophomonas maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788. in this study, thianicotinyl neonicotinoid insecticides having diverse molecular substituents were biotransformed by s. maltophilia cgmcc 1.1788. the results indicated that the substitution of 6-chloropyridyl in ... | 2010 | 20149644 |
| triazophos up-regulated gene expression in the female brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | the widespread use of insecticides has caused the resurgence of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, in asia. in this study, we investigated an organo-phosphorous insecticide, triazophos, and its ability to induce gene expression variation in female n. lugens nymphs just before emergence. by using the suppression subtractive hybridization method, a triazophos-induced cdna library was constructed. in total, 402 differentially expressed cdna clones were obtained. real-time qpcr analysis conf ... | 2010 | 20223245 |
| cdna cloning, heterogeneous expression and biochemical characterization of a novel trypsin-like protease from nilaparvata lugens. | a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) strategy was used to clone diverse trypsin-like protease gene transcripts from midguts of the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (homoptera: delphacidae). six individual trypsin-like protease transcripts were identified. on the basis of one nucleotide sequence of the six clones, a full-length cdna sequence (1902 bp) was obtained by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race). the cdna contained an 1128-bp open reading frame encoding a ... | 2010 | 20355330 |
| [effects of azadirachtin on rice plant volatiles induced by nilaparvata lugens]. | with the method of solid phase microextraction (spme), a total of twenty-five volatiles were collected from rice plants induced by nilaparvata lugens, and after applying azadirachtin fourteen of them were qualitatively identified by gas chromatography coupled by mass spectrometry (gc-ms), mainly of nine kinds of sesquiterpenes. comparing with healthy rice plants, the plants attacked by n. lugens had more kinds of volatiles, including limonene, linalool, methyl salicylate, unknown 6, unknown 7, z ... | 2010 | 20387443 |
| screening of ir50 x rathu heenati f7 rils and identification of ssr markers linked to brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.). | brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål) is one of the major insect pests of rice. a sri lankan indica rice cultivar rathu heenati was found to be resistant to all biotypes of the brown planthopper. in the present study, a total of 268 f(7) rils of ir50 and rathu heenati were phenotyped for their level of resistance against bph by the standard seedbox screening test (ssst) in the greenhouse. a total of 53 ssr primers mapped on the chromosome 3 were used to screen the polymorphism between the ... | 2010 | 20396978 |
| insecticidal activity of camptothecin against nilaparvata lugens, brevicoryne brassicae, and chilo suppressalis. | greenhouse tests showed that 0.2% camptothecin emulsifiable concentrate (ec) has strong contact toxicity to three agricultural pests, with lc50 and lc90 values of 0.1-0.6 and 0.4-5.0 mg liter(-1), respectively. the descending order of susceptibility was nilaparvata lugens (ståhl) > brevicoryne brassicae (l.) > chilo suppressalis (walker). field tests showed that the corrected mortality of b. brassicae and n. lugens was 94.6 and 69.1%, respectively, which was not significantly different from that ... | 2010 | 20429466 |
| massively parallel pyrosequencing-based transcriptome analyses of small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus), a vector insect transmitting rice stripe virus (rsv). | the small brown planthopper (laodelphax striatellus) is an important agricultural pest that not only damages rice plants by sap-sucking, but also acts as a vector that transmits rice stripe virus (rsv), which can cause even more serious yield loss. despite being a model organism for studying entomology, population biology, plant protection, molecular interactions among plants, viruses and insects, only a few genomic sequences are available for this species. to investigate its transcriptome and d ... | 2010 | 20462456 |
| risk assessment of insecticides used in rice on miridbug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis reuter, the important predator of brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stal.). | the green miridbug, cyrtorhinus lividipennis, an important natural enemy of the rice brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens plays a major role as a predator in suppressing the pest population. the study assessed the impact of certain potential insecticides used in the rice ecosystem on the miridbug predator and brown planthopper through contact toxicity. eleven insecticides, including neonicotinoids, diamides, azomethine pyridines, carbamates, pyrethroids, organophosphates and cyclodienes w ... | 2010 | 20537680 |
| gene knockdown by intro-thoracic injection of double-stranded rna in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | rna interference (rnai) is a powerful strategy for gene function study in insects. here, we described the development of a rnai technique by microinjection of double-stranded rna (dsrna) in the brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens. based on the mortality and rnai efficiency criteria, the conjunctive between prothorax and mesothorax was selected as the injection site and 50 nl as injection volume. three genes with different expression patterns were selected to evaluate the rnai efficiency. a comp ... | 2010 | 20599616 |
| two novel cytochrome p450 genes cyp6cs1 and cyp6cw1 from nilaparvata lugens (hemiptera: delphacidae): cdna cloning and induction by host resistant rice. | two novel full-length p450 cdnas, cyp6cs1 and cyp6cw1, were cloned from the fourth instar nymphs of brown planthopper nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae) reared on its susceptible rice variety taichung native 1 (tn1) plants. the deduced proteins are typical microsomal p450s sharing conserved structural and functional domains with other insect cyp6 members. temporal expression analysis by northern blot hybridization indicated pre-exposure to n. lugens moderately resistant rice minghu ... | 2011 | 20609275 |
| high-resolution mapping of the brown planthopper resistance gene bph6 in rice and characterizing its resistance in the 9311 and nipponbare near isogenic backgrounds. | brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens stål, bph) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. exploring resistance genes from diverse germplasms and incorporating them into cultivated varieties are critical for controlling this insect. the rice variety swarnalata was reported to carry a resistance gene (designated bph6), which has not yet been assigned to a chromosome location and the resistance mechanism is still unknown. in this study, we identified and mapped this gene using the f(2) ... | 2010 | 20680611 |
| molecular cloning, transcriptional regulation, and differential expression profiling of vitellogenin in two wing-morphs of the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). | the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is a serious pest of rice crops throughout asia and exhibits wing dimorphism, with brachypterous adults having reduced wings and macropterous adults possessing fully developed wings. to understand the reproductive strategies in two wing-morphs of this insect, the transcript encoding the major yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin (vg), was cloned. the complete mrna transcript was 6314 bp, which encodes a protein of 2063 residues including an 18-residue p ... | 2010 | 20698901 |