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[effect of plant extracts on growth and spore germination of alternaria solani (e. & m.) j. & g. under in vitro conditions]. 201021167298
production of marker-free disease-resistant potato using isopentenyl transferase gene as a positive selection marker.the use of antibiotic or herbicide resistant genes as selection markers for production of transgenic plants and their continuous presence in the final transgenics has been a serious problem for their public acceptance and commercialization. mat (multi-auto-transformation) vector system has been one of the different strategies to excise the selection marker gene and produce marker-free transgenic plants. in the present study, ipt (isopentenyl transferase) gene was used as a selection marker gene. ...201021184230
development of disease-resistant marker-free tomato by r/rs site-specific recombination.the selection marker genes, imparting antibiotic or herbicide resistance, in the final transgenics have been criticized by the public and considered a hindrance in their commercialization. multi-auto-transformation (mat) vector system has been one of the strategies to produce marker-free transgenic plants without using selective chemicals and plant growth regulators (pgrs). in the study reported here, isopentenyltransferase (ipt) gene was used as a selection marker and wasabi defensin (wd) gene, ...201121293863
design, synthesis and antifungal activities of novel pyrrole alkaloid analogs.a series of novel analogs of pyrrole alkaloid were designed and synthesized by a facile method and their structures were characterized by 1h nmr, 13c nmr and high-resolution mass spectrometry (hrms). the structure of compound 2a was identified by 2d nmr including heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc), heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (hmbc) and h-h correlation spectrometry (h-h cosy) spectra. their antifungal activities against five fungi were evaluated, and the results indicate ...201121356570
functional characterization of the recombinant antimicrobial peptide trx-ace-amp1 and its application on the control of tomato early blight disease.ace-amp1 is a potent antifungal peptide found in onion (allium cepa) seeds with sequence similarity to plant lipid transfer proteins. transgenic plants over-expressing ace-amp1 gene have enhanced disease resistance to some fungal pathogens. however, mass production in heterologous systems and in vitro application of this peptide have not been reported. in this study, ace-amp1 was highly expressed in a prokaryotic escherichia coli system as a fusion protein. the purified protein inhibited the gro ...201121380518
selection and differentiation of bacillus spp. antagonistic to fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and alternaria solani infecting tomato.antagonistic bacillus spp. displaying in vitro production of siderophore, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase were identified from dual culture assays. in independent greenhouse studies, seed bacterization and soil application of bacillus atrophaeus s2bc-2 challenge inoculated with fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (fol) and alternaria solani (as) recorded low percent disease index of 25.3 and 28.7, respectively, over nonbacterised pathogen control (44.3 and 56.4). the low disease incidence corrob ...201121503737
abscisic acid enhances resistance to alternaria solani in tomato seedlings.the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) is an important regulator in many aspects of plant growth and development, as well as stress resistance. here, we investigated the effects of exogenous aba application on the interaction between tomato (solanum lycopersicon l.) and alternaria solani (early blight). foliar spraying of 7.58 μm aba was effective in reducing disease severity in tomato plants. previously, increased activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal), polyphenol oxidase (ppo) and pero ...201121530290
isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers from the phytopathogenic fungus alternaria dauci.eleven polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated from the necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus alternaria dauci based on enriched genomic libraries. in order to assess allelic variability, the microsatellite loci were analysed in a collection of 43 isolates. the number of detected alleles in 11 loci ranged from two to 24 (mean 10.4). test of cross-species amplification and sequencing of the resulting amplicons showed that some of these microsatellites could be used in different species suc ...200921564659
evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of two flavonoids isolated from limnophila plants.the antimicrobial potential of two bioflavonoids, i.e., 5,7-dihydroxy-4',6,8-trimethoxyflavone (1) and 5,6-dihydroxy-4',7,8-trimethoxyflavone (2), isolated from limnophila heterophylla benth. and l. indica (linn.) druce (scrophulariaceae), respectively, were evaluated against the microbial strains bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, alternaria solani, and candida albicans. compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate but broad antimicrobial activities agai ...201121674786
synthesis and biological activity of novel 1-substituted phenyl-4-[n-[(2'-morpholinothoxy)phenyl]aminomethyl]-1h-1,2,3-triazoles.in an attempt to search for potent antifungal agents, a series of novel 1-substituted phenyl-4-[n-[(2'-morpholinothoxy)phenyl]aminomethyl]-1h-1,2,3-triazoles 5a-m was designed and synthesized via huisgen cycloaddition reaction between various (2-morpholinoethoxy)-n-(prop-2-ynyl)aniline and different azidobenzene. their chemical structures were characterized by (1) h nmr and elemental analysis. a cleaner reaction with milder conditions and satisfactory yields was observed in the micorwave-assiste ...201121736703
Cloning and characterization of a bifunctional glycosyl hydrolase from an antagonistic Pseudomonas putida strain P3(4).A fluorescent pseudomonad strain P3(4) showing chitinolysis on chitinase detection agar and antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp dianthi causing vascular wilt of carnation was isolated from pea rhizosphere soil. PCR primers specific for glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GH5) of Pseudomonas putida isolate KT2440 amplified a 947 bp fragment of the GH5 gene from P3(4). Cloning of this gene into Escherichia coli M15 using an expression vector pQE-30UA and screening on chitin and chitosan detection ...201121953214
resistance to alternaria solani in hybrids between a solanum tuberosum haploid and s. raphanifolium.abstract early blight of potato (solanum tuberosum), caused by the foliar fungal pathogen alternaria solani, is a major cause of economic loss in many potato-growing regions. genetic resistance offers an opportunity to decrease fungicide usage while maintaining yield and quality. in this study, an early blight resistant clone of the diploid wild species s. raphanifolium was crossed as a male to a haploid (2n=2x) of cultivated potato. hybrids were backcrossed to both parents. eight families wer ...201122007613
[mechanism of tomato plants enhanced disease resistance against early blight primed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus versiforme].arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) can not only improve host plants nutrient absorption, but also enhance their disease resistance. taking the tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) seedlings preinoculated with axbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (amf) glomus versiforme as test materials, this paper studied their protective enzyme activities and defense-related genes expression, and their resistance against a fungal pathogen alternaria solani sorauer which causes early blight. the seedlings pre-inoculated with amf ...201122126042
polyamines attenuate ethylene-mediated defense responses to abrogate resistance to botrytis cinerea in tomato.transgenic tomato (solanum lycopersicum) lines over-expressing yeast spermidine synthase (yspdsyn), an enzyme involved in polyamine (pa) biosynthesis, were developed. these transgenic lines accumulate higher levels of spermidine (spd) than the wild type plants and were examined for responses to the fungal necrotrophs botrytis cinerea and alternaria solani, bacterial pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000, and larvae of the chewing insect tobacco hornworm manduca sexta. the spd-accumul ...201122128140
development and characterization of antimicrobial poly(l-lactic acid) containing trans-2-hexenal trapped in cyclodextrins.trans-2-hexenal, a naturally occurring plant volatile with antimicrobial capacity, was encapsulated into β-cyclodextrins (β-cds), enzymatically modified starch, and shown effective to control main microorganisms causing food spoilage (alternaria solani, aspergillus niger, botrytis cinerea, colletotrichum acutatum, penicillium sp). loaded β-cds were incorporated into a poly(l-lactic acid) (pla) matrix by extrusion and casting, and yielded antimicrobial polymers made from natural resources. a mast ...201122177713
[screening of three novel antimicrobial peptides with antifungal pathogens].in order to discover novel antimicrobial peptides against important crop pathogens, we designed and screened a high capacity random peptide library and isolated a number of clones expressing peptides with antifungal activity. we selected 96 peptides from the library and synthesized their sequence, which were used to assay their activity against crop fungal pathogens.201122379810
enhancing effect of shimizuomyces paradoxus on seed germination and seedling growth of canola, plant growth of cucumber, and harvest of tomato.shimizuomyces paradoxus showed no inhibitory effect against plant pathogen fungi, such as fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and alternaria solani. the s. paradoxus culture filtrate showed higher seed germination and seedling growth rates in canola than distilled water and potato-dextrose broth. a conidial suspension of 1.0×10(4)/ml resulted in the highest growth stimulating effects on total plant length, and fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots in cucumber, when compared to the highest s ...201122783066
multilocus phylogeny and maldi-tof analysis of the plant pathogenic species alternaria dauci and relatives.the genus alternaria includes numerous phytopathogenic species, many of which are economically relevant. traditionally, identification has been based on morphology, but is often hampered by the tendency of some strains to become sterile in culture and by the existence of species-complexes of morphologically similar taxa. this study aimed to assess if strains of four closely-related plant pathogens, i.e., accurately alternaria dauci (ten strains), alternaria porri (six), alternaria solani (ten), ...201223332831
biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in transgenic tomatoes by constitutive expression of s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene.recent findings have implicated the role of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) in stress tolerance. therefore, the present work was carried out with the goal of generating transgenic tomato plants with human s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (samdc) gene, a key gene involved in biosynthesis of polyamines, viz. spermidine and spermine and evaluating the transgenic plants for tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. several putative transgenic tomato plants with normal phenoty ...201123573001
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