Publications

the autecology of small rodents and insectivores of the tribec mountain range.	small rodents and insectivores have become the main reservoirs of tick-borne encephalitis virus. in order, therefore, to demonstrate the dynamic and structural changes occurring in a natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis, information has been collected on the distribution, habitat, life-cycle, population density and extent of tick infestation of the rodents and insectivores that inhabit the tribec region and adjacent parts of the hronský inovec mountains. the following mammals are discussed: ...	1967	5298539
the role of small rodents and hedgehogs in a natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis.	the role of small rodents and hedgehogs in the circulation of tick-borne encephalitis in natural foci in the tribec region of czechoslovakia has been studied. isolation of virus from the blood of apodemus flavicollis, clethrionomys glareolus and erinaceus roumanicus, as well as the demonstration of antibodies in the sera of these mammals and of a. sylvaticus, microtus arvalis and sciurus vulgaris, showed that these mammals had been in contact with the virus in recent years. the proportion of pos ...	1967	5298543
course of trichinella spiralis intestinal phase in common vole (microtus arvalis pallas) and house mouse (mus musculus l.).		1969	5367755
are there multiple sex chromosomes in the meadow mouse, microtus arvalis pallas?].		1969	5392724
[seasonal changes in the population dynamics of hirstionyssus isabellinus oudemans, 1913 and hyperlaelaps arvalis zachvatkin, 1948 on the common vole (microtus arvalis pall.)].		1970	5534564
[cysticercus longicollis in the brain of a field mouse (microtus arvalis)].		1967	5628639
the effect of huddling on the resting metabolism rate of the european common vole microtus arvalis (pall).		1968	5654344
the influence of darkness on the oxygen consumption of the nesting european common vole microtus arvalis (pall).		1968	5654345
a new chromosomal sex-determining mechanism in microtus arvalis pallas.		1969	5800693
experimental characteristics of viraemia caused by two strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus in small rodents.	two strains of tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus differing in virulence for subcutaneously (s.x.) inoculated adult white mice elicited different levels of viraemia in small rodents. strain skalica of a lowered virulence caused no detectable viraemia in adult clethrionomys glareolus and only negligible viraemia in adult apodemus sylvaticus, microtus arvalis and pitymys subterraneus species. the virulent strain 204 gave rise to higher levels of viraemia, sufficient for infection of tbe virus vec ...	1981	6116416
influence of photoperiod on morphological parameters, androgen concentration, haematological indices and serum protein fractions in common vole (microtus arvalis, pall.).	1. in male voles developed under three different photoperiods (l:d = 24:0, l:d = 18:6, l:d = 6:18) the following results were obtained. 2. higher variability of most of the parameters (except testes weight and protein fraction levels) was observed in young males. hormonal synchronization of parameters studied in adult voles was discussed. 3. sexual activity measured by morphological symptoms was related to increase of body and testes weights, rbc count, alpha 2- and gamma-globulin levels. there ...	1983	6131786
age and androgen-related changes in morphological parameters, haematological indices and serum protein fraction in common vole (microtus arvalis pall.) growing in different photoperiods.	in male voles raised under different light conditions (l:d = 24:0, l:d = 18:6, l:d = 6:18) the following results were obtained. in the young males erythropoiesis seemed to be greatest in voles growing in "winter" photoperiod. in this light condition rbc count showed a tendency to decrease with age while in other illuminations erythrocyte numbers increased. the age related changes in rbc count were very similar to those observed in common voles aging in the different natural seasonal generations. ...	1984	6148190
serum gamma-globulin concentration in different stages of sexual activity in females of common vole, microtus arvalis, pall.	1. in young and adult females of common vole low gamma-globulin levels at the greatest individual variability in the estrous phase were observed. 2. in natural population when the nonactive females were probably not under hormonal suppression (northern poland, late summer) they had significantly higher level of gamma-globulins than pregnant, lactating and post partum ones. 3. it is suggested that decreases of gamma-globulin concentration may be an important physiological consequences of hormonal ...	1982	6174267
variability of hematocrit value, blood serum beta- and gamma-globulin level and body weight in different transferrin genotypes of common vole (microtus arvalis, pallas 1779) from natural population.	1. heterozygotes tff/tfe of voles did not differ in body weight, they had higher hematocrit value (males and females), higher beta-globulin fraction (males) or higher gamma-globulin fraction (females). 2. a smaller variability of parameters studied was observed in heterozygotes than in homozygotes. small and similar variability occurred in hematocrit value and beta-globulins while higher variability occurred in body weight and gamma-globulins. 3. in common voles the faster migrating e system of ...	1982	6181932
[activation of natural tularemia foci of the field-meadow and steppe types on the territory of tula province 1977-1978].	natural tularemia foci of the meadow and steppe type are extremely stable and become active in those years when the most favourable living conditions for rodents appear. for the first time during the last 30 years a great increase in the number of common voles, accompanied by widely spread epizooty covering the whole territory of the tula region, was observed. house mice, common field mice, harvest mice and black rats were also involved in this epizooty and 235 tularemia patients with all clinic ...	1982	6211008
[detection of the tularemia zoonosis in the territory of the kartlian plain].	the natural focus of tularemia was found to cover the whole territory of the kartlian plain. epizooty occurred mainly among common voles with the involvement of insectivorous voles. hard ticks, gamasids and fleas infected with francisella tularensis were detected. rodents highly sensitive to tularemia can be affected by this infection. water rats were not involved into the enzootic process. further studies are necessary for the final solution of this problem.	1983	6225274
[erysipeloid as an occupational disease of workers in shoe enterprises].	an outbreak of erysipeloid among the workers of a shoe factory is described. the spread of infection occurred due to contact with infected raw materials, which was confirmed by the isolation of erysipelotrix rhusiopathiae from washings made from chrome and russia leather supplied by different tanneries, as well as from casein glue. the raw materials could be additionally infected by rodents, in particular by common voles; the above-mentioned infective agent had been repeatedly isolated from thes ...	1983	6229115
[experimental tick-borne rickettsiosis in murine rodents].	the comparative study of the duration and level of rickettsiemia in wild rodents, natural carriers of rickettsiosis, after their experimental infection with rickettsia sibirica has been carried out. all those species under study (common voles, meadow mice and great gerbils) have been found to be faintly susceptible to this infective agent. large infective doses produce no visible signs of the disease in these animals, rickettsiemia for a short time and its level is not high. great gerbils have b ...	1983	6342312
[structure of arthropod population occurring on microtus arvalis (pall.) in various environments. ii. dynamics of mean intensity of infection of m. arvalis by more frequently occurring arthropods in the areas not subjected to agrotechnical procedures].		1983	6359723
[induction of dietetic diabetes in microtus arvalis pallas and its developmental mechanism].	in microtus arvalis pallas, new born voles were fostered to icr mice and supplied with pellets for mice after weaning. a high concentration of glycosuria was shown in about 50% of the voles and continued for over ten weeks. concentrations of blood glucose and plasma ffa iun glycosuric voles were three or four times as high as those in normal controls. the fermentation ability and ph lowered in the esophageal sac, and comparatively large amount of starch existed in the pyloric stomach of the glyc ...	1983	6363103
[evaluation of the degree of genetic divergence in the twin species of the common vole microtus arvalis and microtus subarvalis (rodentia)].	by means of starch electrophoresis, 52 proteins and enzymes of microtus arvalis and m. subarvalis were studied to establish the extent of their similarity. out of 52 markers studied, 7 proteins and enzymes had different electrophoretic mobility: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (pgd), diaphorase (dp), adenylate kinase (ak), lactate dehydrogenase b (ldhb), alpha-galactosidase (gal) and hemoglobin (hb), which make up to 13% of all the enzymes and proteins st ...	1984	6386603
an estimation of the degree of the genetic divergence of sibling species microtus arvalis and microtus subarvalis (rodentia) based on electrophoretic analysis.	the electrophoretic mobilities of 52 enzymes and proteins were used as measures of the genetic similarity between the sibling species microtus arvalis and m. subarvalis. the two vole species differed in the electrophoretic mobilities of seven (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, diaphorase, lactate dehydrogenase-a, alpha-galactosidase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin) of these markers. this allowed us to accept the seven markers assayed as species-specific marke ...	1984	6397194
[detection of the larva of taenia multilocularis in 2 voles (microtus arvalis and clethrionomys glareolus) in a focus of alveolar echinococcosis in the massif central (france)].	small wild rodents were collected and examined during 1983-1984 to investigate parasite-host relationships of echinococcus multilocularis in one habitat suitable for red foxes of auvergne (france). the natural infestation of the liver of two different voles, microtus arvalis and clethrionomys glareolus, by the larval stage of the cestode is recorded for the first time. in the both cases, the larvae were fully developed and numerous protoscolices were present with some calcareous corpuscules; the ...	1984	6440675
small mammals as reservoirs and transmitters of leptospires in livestock-breeding farms and their surroundings.	from 1976 to 1978, we examined 1723 wild small mammals, representing 15 species, from three animal production farms and their surroundings in the trebon basin, south bohemia, in order to detect antibodies against leptospirosis. antibodies were found against the serovars grippotyphosa, sorex-jalna, sejroe and/or istrica. the serological positivity was higher in wet grassland stands and fields bordering fishponds. the dominant serovar was grippotyphosa against which antibodies were detected in 8 s ...	1983	6662412
small wild rodents rabies in czechoslovakia.	during a period of 1969-1979 a total of 3174 small wild rodents of the genus muridae and microtinae (predominantly microtus arvalis) were examined. the animals were trapped in five localities differing both in type of ecological conditions and epizootologic situation. fox-rabies occurred here either enzootically, or epizootologically, or had been completely absent for many years in one of the localities investigated. of the 71 isolated strains of rv 18 strains were isolated from brain, 25 from b ...	1982	6749977
histopathological changes resulting by some pesticides in the common vole (microtus arvalis pallas).		1981	6753546
[breeding and rearing of japanese field voles (microtus montebelli milne-edwards) and hungarian voles (microtus arvalis pallas) as new herbivorous laboratory animal species].	microtus species are very useful as experimental small animals with herbivorous characteristics. in this report, to approach establishment of the use of japanese field voles (m. montebelli) and hungarian voles (m. arvalis) as experimental animals, the biological characteristics, breeding methods and reproductive performance of these animal species were comparatively investigated. the number of chromosomes of m. arvalis is 12n = 46, differing from those of m. montebelli, 2n = 30. the breeding and ...	1982	6754391
[the life-history of sarcocystis singaporensis zaman and colley, 1976 in the definitive and intermediate host (author's transl)].	sporulated oocysts and sporocysts (9.3 x 7.3 micrometer) of sarcocystis singaporensis - isolated from freshly imported snakes (python reticulatus) - were fed to various animals to test their function as suitable intermediate hosts (nmri-mice, albino rats, meriones unguiculatus, golden hamsters, guinea pigs, mastomys natalensis, field-voles [microtus arvalis], pigeons, and chickens). only in rats were muscle-cysts formed. the optimal dose was 150 sporocysts per rat. two generations of merogony co ...	1980	6771934
[blood parasites of small wild mammals in steiermark and burgenland].	a total of 488 wild small mammals (16 species) trapped in two federate units of austria, steiermark and burgenland, were examined on the presence of blood parasites. in steiermark grahamelles were detected in neomys fodiens, clethrionomys glareolus, microtus arvalis, m. agrestis, apodemus flavicollis and a. sylvaticus, while trypanosoma evotomys and hepatozoon erhardovae were found in c. glareolus, and babesia microti in pitymys subterraneus and m. agrestis. in burgenland grahamelles were demons ...	1980	6778802
[hopopleura edentula (anoplura, hoplopleuridae), a parasite of voles of the genus clethrionomys].	the louse hoplopleura edentula fahrennolz occurs not only on the vole clethrionomys glareolus schreb. but also on the other members of the genus widely distributed in the ussr, c. rutilus pall. and c. rufocanus sund. the characters distinguishing h. edentula from the close species h. acanthopus (burm.) described from microtus arvalis pall. are the differences in the shape of the dorsal lobe of the pleural plate of the third abdominal segment and in the size of the male copulative organ.	2007	6992052
the common vole, microtus arvalis pall. as intermediate host of mesocestoides (cestoda) in germany.	tetrathyridia of mesocestoides leptothylacus loos-frank, 1980 were found in 1.4% of 513 common voles (microtus arvalis) in a district of southwest germany where foxes (vulpes vulpes) are frequently infected with this tapeworm. the tetrathyridia measured 1 to 1.5 mm in length and 0.5 to 1 mm in width. when injected intraperitoneally into white mice, jirds, or common voles, the tetrathyridia did not multiply. cats fed with the larvae shed proglottids from the 21st day onwards. in one experimentall ...	1980	7006239
hematologic values of the common vole (microtus arvalis pall. 1758) using sublingual blood samples. short communication.		1981	7018119
[diurnal layer formation in the incisor dentin of rodents].	the growth of dentin of the constantly growing lower incisors in rodents was studied using tetracycline as a vital marker of the growing parts of bones and teeth. in the common vole in nature the incisors grow in length at a rate of 490 micrometers per day; a basal-apical gradient of growth of the tooth walls in thickness was found: the minimal daily increment at the tooth base and the maximal in the apical third, it decreases again at the very apex. in the peripulp part of dentin of the apical ...	1981	7027110
[differences between murine rodent species as food hosts for ixodid tick larvae (ixodidae)].	tests on the feeding of larvae of ixodes persulcatus and i. ricinus on five species of muridae have shown that forest and common voles have congenital protective reactions limiting the number of successfully fed parasites. such congenital resistance is practically absent in common field mice and does not arise during the following parasitism of ixodid larvae. the congenital resistance is absent from steppe lemmings too but protective reactions limiting the number of successfully fed larvae arise ...	1981	7027147
[experimental latent tularemia in common voles].	common voles (microtus subarvalis) were infected with tularemia by feeding them with the corpses of the animals which had been infected with francisella tularensis strain having somewhat decreased virulence. this resulted in nonlethal infection in 14 out of 433 voles used in the experiment. a considerable part of the animals having had the infection developed bacterial carriership (11 out of 13 animals) with bacteriuria (8 out of 11 animals) lasting up to 2 months. the persistence of francisella ...	1982	7043979
small terrestrial mammals as reservoirs of leptospires in the sava valley (croatia).	small mammals trapped in seven sites along the river sava in croatia were examined for leptospiral infection by renoculture and serological methods. of the 1749 animals caught 702 were examined by renoculture method and 626 were tested by microagglutination-lysis. the dominant animals species caught were microtus arvalis (672 animals) and apodemus agrarius (552 animals). of the 115 strains of leptospires isolated the dominant serotypes were l. grippotyphosa (40) and l. pomona (35). five strains ...	1982	7049871
[contribution to the knowledge of taenia crassiceps (zeder, 1800) rudolphi, 1810 (cestoda, taeniidae) (author's transl)].	the occurrence of taenia crassiceps in naturally infected dogs is mentioned, and a brief description of the gravid proglottids is given. oral infection of several rodent species with eggs showed that the field vole (microtus arvalis) is the most susceptible intermediate host for this tapeworm. the cysticercus often develops in the brain of the rodent and causes disturbances of coordinated movements. two foxes (vulpes vulpes) were infected with cysticerci of the strains cola and giks. these strai ...	1981	7314812
fungi from interior organs of free-living small mammals in czechoslovakia and yugoslavia.	a total of 308 fungi was isolated from interior organs (lungs, spleen, liver) of 529 small mammals belonging to 21 species, 7 families and 3 orders (insectivora, chiroptera, rodentia), some of these being potentially pathogenic to vertebrates (e.g. aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, geotrichum candidum, mucor pusillus, rhizopus arrhizus). in one vole (microtus arvalis) captured in south moravia, adiaspiromycosis (emmonsia crescens) was demonstrated. comparison of mycoflora of hair and that of int ...	1980	7419129
encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection in the common vole, microtus arvalis.	encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection in the common vole was examined for the first time. sixteen 8-week-old males inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfu)/animal of the d variant of emc virus were killed 3 and 7 days after inoculation (3 and 7 dai). viral replication was detected in the brain (10(5) pfu/g), heart (10(4) pfu/g) and pancreas (10(7) pfu/g) of all 8 animals at 3dai. it was found in the pancreas (10(3) pfu/g) of all 8 animals and in the brain (10(4) pf ...	1995	7603005
[a taxonomic interpretation of the morphological variability exemplified by common voles (microtus s. lato, rodentia)].	an analysis of variability of the crown pattern of the first lower molars in gray voles has indicated the existence of two trends in its transformation, the "pitimoid" and the "ratticepoid" ones. the first trend is characteristic of microtus, whereas the second one is found in alexandromys. these taxa differ also by diploid chromosome numbers. this regular pattern of variability is discussed from the taxonomic standpoint.	2008	7631522
a heterogeneous distribution of emmonsia parva var. crescens in an agro-ecosystem.	the lung tissue of 1143 rodents of five species, caught at a number of sites and habitats in an agro-ecosystem (southern moravia, czech republic) in 1988-1993, was examined for the presence of adiaspores of emmonsia parva var. crescens (emmons et jellison) van oorschot. the overall prevalence of adiasporomycosis was 16.6%, but its distribution varied significantly according to rodent species (clethrionomys glareolus 37.6%, apodemus flavicollis 33.3%, a. sylvaticus 21.1%, a microps 9.2%, microtus ...	1995	7666301
mixed natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis, tularemia and haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in west slovakia.	total of 923 small mammals of 7 species were collected in locality záhorská ves, west slovakia, in 1990-1992. among examined small mammal species it was clethrionomys glareolus (48.7% of total, 17.5% positive for tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus antibodies), apodemus flavicollis (29.7% of total, 17.5% positive), a. sylvaticus (11.3% of total, 16.3% positive), and microtus arvalis (6.2% of total, 10.5% positive). the most abundant tick species (larval and nymphal stages) on small mammals was i ...	1995	7676942
a model for the control of echinococcus multilocularis in france.	in some areas of france the prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in foxes is as high as 50%, whereas less than one in a thousand voles (principally microtus arvalis) are infected. in these regions the control of rabies in foxes is achieved by using helicopters to spread bait containing oral vaccine in capsules. a mathematical model has been constructed in an attempt to determine if the addition of praziquantel to bait would be effective in eradicating e. multilocularis, or at least achieve ...	1995	7732652
quantification of residual virulence of the vnukovo-32/107 rabies virus vaccination strain.	the present work summarizes the results of 11 groups of experiments carried out with the aim to complexly quantify the residual virulence of a cold mutant of the vnukovo-32/107 rabies virus vaccination strain intended for the preparation of an oral rabies vaccine (kamark) for the immunization of free-living carnivores. according to who prescriptions, residual virulence was quantified in experiments on carnivores, mainly red foxes (vulpes vulpes)--the presumed target species, and farm-bred polar ...	1995	7740717
[occurrence of coxiella burnetti antibodies in cattle, sheep and small terrestrial mammals in the western region of bohemia].	the prevalence of antibodies to c. burnetii was studied in the karlovy vary district (the czech republic) between 1987 and 1989. sera of cows, sheep and heart eluates of small ground mammals were tested using the complement fixation test with c. burnetii antigen in phase ii (bodibion, mevak nitra, slovakia). titers greater or equal to 8 or 10 were considered as positive. cows from two large-scale farms were tested four times (the average number of every sampling was 339 cows). their seroprevalen ...	1995	7762122
influence of environmental factors on the infectivity of echinococcus multilocularis eggs.	the sensitivity of eggs of echinococcus multilocularis to environmental and controlled laboratory conditions was tested. egg material was exposed and the infectivity was subsequently monitored by in vitro activation and by oral infection of the natural host, microtus arvalis. to study the impact of environmental conditions in an endemic area of south-western germany, eggs were sealed into bags of nylon mesh and exposed to the natural climate during various seasons. the maximal survival time of e ...	1995	7845716
the ultrastructure of the intestinal microvillous border in the common vole (microtus arvalis) naturally infected with giardia microti.	the anterior jejunum from common vole naturally infected with giardia microti (kofoid et christiansen, 1915) was examined by tem and compared with the anterior jejunum from control (metronidazole-treated, giardia-free) common voles (pallas, 1778). giardia microti infection resulted in significant diffuse shortening of microvilli and significant greater microvillous diameters. in addition, deformations of the microvilli were observed at the margin of the ventral disc. the microvilli attached to t ...	1994	7883257
tula virus: a newly detected hantavirus carried by european common voles.	a novel hantavirus has been discovered in european common voles, microtus arvalis and microtus rossiaemeridionalis. according to sequencing data for the genomic rna s segment and nucleocapsid protein and data obtained by immunoblotting with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, the virus, designated tula virus, is a distinct novel member of the genus hantavirus. phylogenetic analyses of tula virus indicate that it is most closely related to prospect hill, puumala, and muerto canyon viruses. the resu ...	1994	7966573
[occurrence of leptospira serovars in old foci of leptospirosis].	in two old natural foci of leptospiroses in an eastern slovakian area an epidemiological investigation was made to detect persisting carriership in basis reservoirs-small mammals and the contact with leptospirae in population groups with an occupational risk. using the microagglutination reaction (mar), the authors examined 1,106 small mammals and detected in 50 cases, i.e. 4.5%, the presence of specific antibodies against leptospirae, most frequently in species apodemus agrarius and ap. flavico ...	1994	8019818
expression of circadian rhythmicity correlates with the number of arginine-vasopressin-immunoreactive cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of common voles, microtus arvalis.	we have studied the number of arginine-vasopressin (avp)-immunoreactive (ir) cells in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn) in common voles, microtus arvalis, with a strong (n = 18), weak (n = 10) or absent (n = 9) expression of circadian rhythmicity. spontaneous expression of rhythmicity was assessed from records of wheel running activity and general activity, measured with passive infra-red detection during 4 weeks of continuous low light (ll) conditions. subsequently, 20 voles were perfused in ll. ...	1994	8180844
[serologic screening for the occurrence of leptospira antibodies in small wild mammals].	during the five years (1986-1990) free living small mammals were examined serologically for the presence of antibodies to leptospires. standardized techniques were used in the serological examinations (sebek, 1979). a total 4634 specimens representing 15 mammalian species were examined. during the studied period, higher occurrence of small terrestrial mammals was noticed in the years 1987-1988. in these years, 61% of specimens out of the total number of trapped animals were examined. the field m ...	1993	8236637
experimental transmission of caryospora bigenetica wacha et christiansen, 1982 (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from a rattlesnake, crotalus atrox, to rodents and pigs.	caryosporan oocysts were found in the feces of a diamond rattlesnake, crotalus atrox, kept in zoo ustí nad labem, czech republic. comparison of oocyst structure with hitherto described caryospora species from snakes revealed that they were caryospora bigenetica wacha et christiansen, 1982. the rattlesnake, crotalus atrox, represents a new host for c. bigenetica. the common vole (microtus arvalis) and gerbil (meriones unguiculatus) were successfully infected with a mixture of c. bigenetica oocyst ...	1993	8244210
[morphology of the scent gland in the vole].	the presence of the scent glands were examined macroscopically and histologically in the japanese vole, microtus montebelli and the hungarian vole, microtus arvalis. a pair of scent glands were observed on the buttocks of the japanese vole as the oval nodules with yellowish colored skin. the size of the glands was larger in males than in females. histologically, the glands were composed of the aggregation of many acini of sebaceous glands. the epidermis above the scent glands were thicker than t ...	1993	8253141
[the detection of the location of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the fibroblasts of voles and mice and in rat myoblasts by using monoclonal antibodies against glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase].	monoclonal antibodies (mas) were produced against glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) of two vole species--microtus arvalis and m. subarvalis. the binding level of the mas to g6pd in both species were almost the same, which suggested that these mas may be specific for the antigenic determinants common to g6pd of these species. the mas produced against the vole g6pd were used for its intracellular localization. the patterns obtained after staining cells with the use of mas against g6pd were ...	1993	8322419
vector and host relationships of california serogroup viruses in western siberia.	during 1990 and 1991, adult mosquitoes were collected along the ob river and its tributaries in western siberia from approximately 51 degrees 18'n to 66 degrees 4'n. fifteen virus strains were isolated from 74,196 mosquitoes tested in 1,874 pools. these included tahyna virus from aedes cataphylla-punctor subgroup (one) and ae. excrucians (one), and inkoo (ink) virus from ae. communis (one), ae. communis subgroup (one), ae. hexodontus (two), ae. punctor subgroup (two), ae. punctor complex (one), ...	1993	8352392
[an unusual heteromorphic bivalent in the common vole (microtus arvalis) from byelarus].	electron microscopic analysis was carried out on the synaptonemal complexes of ten male common voles (microtus arvalis) caught of 1990 in byelorussia. in the early pachytene stage of spermatocytes of four males heteromorphic bivalent has been found in one of five large autosomes. in the central region of the bivalent one of the lateral elements is in the form of a d-loop, characteristic of insertion/deletion heterozygotes. however, high-resolution g-band staining of mitotic chromosomes from fibr ...	1993	8354471
phase control of ultradian feeding rhythms in the common vole (microtus arvalis): the roles of light and the circadian system.	in their ultradian (2- to 3-hr) feeding rhythm, common voles show intraindividual synchrony from day to day, as well as interindividual synchrony between members of the population, even at remote distances. this study addresses the question of how resetting of the ultradian rhythm, a prerequisite for such synchronization, is achieved. common voles were subjected to short light-dark cycles (1 hr darkness with light varying between 0.7 and 2.5 hr); to t cycles (long light-dark cycles in the circad ...	1993	8369551
[diurnal fluctuations of heart rate and locomotive activity in the vole (microtus arvalis)].	diurnal fluctuations of heart rate and locomotive activity were observed in the unanesthetized and unrestrained voles (microtus arvalis) and mice, and the differences in these biological characters between voles and mice were also investigated. the mean heart rate of vole in whole day was lower than that of mice. in voles, there were no significant differences in the mean heart rate between in light period and in dark period. it was observed that most of voles were active in not only dark period ...	1993	8462635
genetic characterization of a new hantavirus detected in microtus arvalis from slovakia.	a new hantavirus, called malacky, has been identified in lung tissue specimens of a vole, microtus arvalis, by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the voles were trapped in a geographical area in slovakia where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is endemic in the human population. sequence analysis of a major part of the s segment showed this virus to represent a new subtype within tula, a new hantavirus genetic group defined very recently.	1995	8560789
[hereditary chromosome instability in the common vole (microtus arvalis) from the region of the kyshtym nuclear accident--fact or hypothesis?].	in bone marrow cells of common voles living within the eastern urals radioactive track (eurt) and adjacent area, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations was higher than in cells of control animals. in several animals, the proportion of aberrant cells was significantly higher; cells with multiple chromosomal lesions prevailed among the aberrant cells. frequency of chromosomal aberrations did not depend on the absorbed dose of beta-radiation. taking into account the radiation background in trappi ...	1996	8647413
the telemetric monitoring of heart rate, locomotor activity, and body temperature in mice and voles (microtus arvalis) during ambient temperature changes.	we have studied the physiological and behavioural responses in small rodents to ambient alterations. for this purpose, voles and mice were exposed to relatively low (12 degrees c) and high (35 degrees c) ambient temperatures, and heart rate (hr), locomotor activity (la) and body temperature (bt) were recorded using telemetry system. the control hr (at 24 degrees c) of voles was lower than that of mice. the 'heat exposure' decreased hr to 85.0 +/- 3.3% in voles, and to 78.0 +/- 3.2% in mice compa ...	1996	8709577
high sensitivity to streptozotocin in herbivorous voles, microtus arvalis, compared to mice.	herbivorous voles, microtus arvalis, have characteristics similar to herbivores in that their hepatic glycolytic enzyme activities are relatively low. the effects of a single low dose (100 mg/kg body weight) of streptozotocin (stz) in voles were studied and the difference in sensitivity to or toxicity of stz in voles and c57bl/6 mice was compared. in voles which received stz, the cumulative incidence of glycosuria reached 53% by 4 weeks after administration. the diabetic voles showed marked incr ...	1996	8739520
seasonal incidence of ixodes ricinus ticks (acari:ixodidae) on rodents in western france.	data collected from a longitudinal survey carried out over 2 years on four farms in western france were used to assess the incidence and infestation of ixodes ricinus on rodents. once a month, on each farm, 25 sherman live traps were set in hedges bordering selected pastures. a total of 799 micromammals were examined, including apodemus sylvaticus, clethrionomys glareolus, microtus agrestis, microtus arvalis, and crocidura spp. larvae and nymphs of i. ricinus were found. small numbers of ixodes ...	1996	8771769
genetic variation in tula hantaviruses: sequence analysis of the s and m segments of strains from central europe.	hantavirus carried by the european common vole microtus arvalis from moravia (czech republic) was analyzed by rt-pcr-sequencing and by reactivity with a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs). sequencing of the full-length s segment and the proximal part of the m segment showed that the virus belonged to genotype tula (tul) we discovered earlier in microtus arvalis from central russia. this finding supported the concept of host dependence of hantaviruses. phylogenetic analyses suggested a similar ...	1995	8837887
reservoir competence of the vole, clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, for borrelia garinii or borrelia afzelii.	in autumn of 1994 and spring of 1995, we examined borrelia infection among microtinae voles, clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, in hokkaido, japan. in bsk culturing of the earlobe tissues of 45 c. rufocanus bedfordiae captured, twelve rodents were positive for borrelia. eight isolates were used for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. according to the results, these isolates were classified into b. garinii or b. afzelii. it is con ...	1996	8871531
characterization of tula virus antigenic determinants defined by monoclonal antibodies raised against baculovirus-expressed nucleocapsid protein.	tula virus was recently discovered by rt-pcr in lung samples from european common voles (microtus arvalis and m. rossiaemeridionalis). since virus isolation attempts had been unsuccessful, no antigen was available for analysis or for use in immunoassays. to circumvent this, complete tula virus nucleocapsid protein (bac-tul-n) was expressed in recombinant baculovirus. rodent antibody end-point titers to bac-tul-n and to truncated n fragments indicated that the nh2-terminal region is the major ant ...	1996	8896239
[morphological criteria for determining taxon holotypes of common vole species (microtus, rodentia, mammalia)].		1996	8924862
high-resolution g-banding of chromosones in the common vole microtus arvalis (rodentia, arvicolidae)	we have applied the g-banding technique to early metaphase chromosomes of the vole microtus arvalis, form 'arvalis'. fifty metaphase spreads were analysed from spleen and primary fibroblast cell cultures from six voles. we were able to distinguish 435 bands in the haploid set. an idiogram was constructed from the chromosomes at various stages of condensation.	1996	8931356
autonomic nervous function in mice and voles (microtus arvalis): investigation by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability.	we have studied the autonomic nervous function in voles (microtus arvalis) and mice. for this purpose, ecgs were recorded from conscious and unrestrained voles and mice using radiotelemetry and the autonomic nervous function was investigated by the power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. heart rate in voles was lower than mice and the coefficient of variance was larger in voles. in the power spectra of voles and mice, there were two major spectral components with the high frequency (h ...	1996	8938623
virulence of ppst+ and ppst- strains of yersinia pestis for guinea-pigs.	guinea-pigs were infected subcutaneously or by respiratory challenge with plasmid-containing (ppst+pcad+pfra+) yersinia pestis strain 358 and its ppst-pcad+pfra+, ppst+pcad+pfra- and ppst-pcad+pfra- derivatives, grown in vitro at 28 degrees c or at 37 degrees c. lack of plasmid ppst did not lead to an increase in ld50 with either route of challenge. when the virulence of the four y. pestis strains grown at the two temperatures was compared, the ld50 values of those grown at 37 degrees c were low ...	1996	8958247
quasispecies in wild-type tula hantavirus populations.	tula virus (tul) is a recently detected hantavirus carried by european common voles. reverse transcriptase pcr cloning was used to study tul s segment/n protein quasispecies. both the distribution and character of mutations observed in three mutant spectra indicated limited selection at the protein level. at least 8% of the mutations were neutral or well tolerated; fixation of such mutations may play a role in tul evolution in its natural host.	1996	8971044
isolation and characterization of tula virus, a distinct serotype in the genus hantavirus, family bunyaviridae.	a vero e6 cell culture isolate of tula virus (tul), a hantavirus first detected in european common voles (microtus arvalis and m. rossiaemeridionalis) by rt-pcr was obtained after initial passaging of tul-infected vole lung samples in laboratory-colonized m. arvalis. tul was defined as a classical serotype by a cross-focus-reduction neutralization test (frnt) and was also shown to be distinct from other hantaviruses by haemagglutination inhibition assay. the sequences of s, m and partial l genom ...	1996	9000098
safety study of the sag2 rabies virus mutant in several non-target species with a view to its future use for the immunization of foxes in europe.	the safety of the sag2 virus, a low virulence mutant of the sad strain, was investigated in ten species of mammals and seven species of birds liable to consume vaccine baits. these species are the western hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus), the meadow vole (microtus arvalis), the bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus), the water vole (arvicola terrestris), the field mouse (apodemus flavicollis or a. sylvaticus), the norway rat (rattus norvegicus), the european badger (meles meles), the domestic ferret ...	1996	9014291
[leptospira antibodies in small mammals in eastern slovakia].	during the five years (1991-1995) mostly free living small mammals were examined serologically for the presence of antibodies to leptospira. serological examinations were used by kmety and bakoss (1978). altogether, 2493 individuals of 22 species were examined, an important part of host material (69.6%) was caught in two lowland areas which are intensively cultivated landscapes (east slovakian lowland and kosická kotlina basin). the remaining material comes from submontane areas with less agricu ...	1996	9045500
[further study of hantavirus circulation in the russian federation].	lung specimens of 1514 small mammals of 35 species captured in 1991-1995 at 9 territories of russia were tested in elisa for virus antigens of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hfrs). the antigens were detected in lung specimens of clethrionomys glareolus, microtus arvalis, microtus gregalis, microtus fortis, arvicola terrestris, apodemus agrarius, micromys minutus, and sorex sp., well known as hantavirus reservoirs, captured in the vologda, yaroslavl, saratov, astrakhan, and chita regi ...	1997	9182404
novel strategies for eutherian x marsupial somatic cell hybrids: mapping the genome of monodelphis domestica.	two hundred thirty-seven independent somatic cell hybrids have been obtained between opossum (monodelphis domestica) splenocytes, bone marrow cells, or primary fibroblasts, and hprt-deficient or tk-deficient chinese hamster, mouse, american mink, or common vole fibroblast lines. because extreme segregation and fragmentation of marsupial chromosomes commonly occurs in eutherian x marsupial somatic cells hybrids, we developed a rapid primary screening method that enables the identification of prim ...	1997	9186503
investigations of pneumocystosis among humans and rodents in lithuania.	pneumocystosis (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) is a parasitic disease which in lithuania used to be diagnosed only with the use of pathohistological methods. the aim of our study was to determine prevalence of p. carinii antibodies among children and women, using immunochemical method (elisa) and to find out which groups of patients have higher antibody titres. we also addressed the question of infection with p. carinii among rodents. after investigating 9 species of rodents it was found that m ...	1997	9259608
puumala virus and two genetic variants of tula virus are present in austrian rodents.	puumala and tula viruses are hantaviruses found in europe and are associated with the rodents clethrionomys glareolus and microtus arvalis, respectively. puumala virus is associated with the human disease nephropathia epidemica. in austria, ten clinically diagnosed cases of nephropathia epidemica, presumably caused by puumala virus infection, have been reported but not virologically confirmed [leschinskaya et al., 1991; aberle et al., 1996]. to identify the hantaviruses that are present in austr ...	1997	9334930
[the isolability of the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis from rodents in georgia].	since 1960 the cases of isolating the pseudopathogen agent have been recorded in georgia at particular regular intervals. the accumulated material mainly involves epizootiological findings, which may provide a definite insight into the prevalence of this disease in georgia. in 1960-1990, 31 strains were isolated in particular regions and populated areas; these included 17 strains from grey rats, 4 from house mice, 9 from common voles, and 1 from field mice. the particular constancy of isolation ...	1997	9445999
[relation between characteristics of the small mammal population and occurrence of leptospira antibodies].	five rodent species (apodemus flavicollis, a. agrarius, a. microps, clethrionomys glareolus and microtus arvalis) were examined serologically for presence of antibodies to leptospira. small mammals were caught in several areas of eastern slovakia, an important part of host material coming from east slovakian lowland (45.7%), south part of kosice basin (26.5%) and slovak carst (10.1%). serological examinations were used by kmety and bakoss (1978), the sexual condition of rodents were ascertained ...	1997	9481926
infectivity of cryptosporidium muris isolated from cattle.	the infectivity of a bovine isolate of cryptosporidium muris for various animals was studied by transmission experiments. neonatal balb/c mice, adult balb/c mice, scid mice, common voles (microtus arvalis), bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus), common field mice (apodemus sylvaticus), mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus), desert gerbils (gerbilus gerbilus), guinea pigs, rats, rabbits and goats were used to test the infectivity of this isolate. among these host species, only mongolian gerbil ...	1998	9615952
concurrent decrease of vasopressin and protein kinase calpha immunoreactivity during the light phase in the vole suprachiasmatic nucleus.	vasopressin (avp) is a major neuropeptide in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the mammalian hypothalamic circadian pacemaker. protein kinase calpha is a putatively coupled intracellular messenger. mean numbers of avp- and protein kinase calpha-immunoreactive neurons were determined in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of common voles, entrained to a 12:12 h light-dark (ld) cycle, at the beginning of the light period (zeitgeber time zero) and 6 h later (zeitgeber time six). at zeitgeber time zero, mean num ...	1998	9654347
[the individual characteristics of 90sr accumulation in the body of 2 species of the common vole inhabiting the territory of the eastern urals radioactive trace].	individual peculiarities of 90sr skeleton deposition in voles m. gregalis and m. arvalis inhabiting at the territory of east ural radioactive trace were investigated. more high accumulation of radionuclide in the organism of m. gregalis was registered. considerable variations (3-6 times more, than in linear mice ones) of individual indices of radionuclide accumulation exceeding interspecies level are found. possible reasons of both interspecies differences and an individual deposition' variabili ...	2016	9682730
[characteristics of short repeating sequences of dna from the msat-160 family in the microtus arvalis vole (rodentia, cricetidae)].		2005	9785562
recombination in tula hantavirus evolution: analysis of genetic lineages from slovakia.	to examine the evolution of tula hantavirus (tul), carried by the european common vole (microtus arvalis and m. rossiaemeridionalis), we have analyzed genetic variants from slovakia, the country where the virus is endemic. phylogenetic analysis (phylip) based on either partial (nucleotides [nt] 441 to 898) or complete n-protein-encoding sequences divided slovakian tul variants into two main lineages: (i) strains from eastern slovakia, which clustered with russian strains, and (ii) strains from w ...	1999	9847372
selective isolation of pseudomonas stutzeri from vertebrate faeces on rambach agar.	faecal samples collected from 308 wild birds of 25 species and 19 rodents of 3 species in south moravia (czechland) were pre-incubated in müller-kauffmann tetrathionate broth at 42 degrees c for 24 h and then streaked onto rambach agar plates which were incubated at 37 degrees c for 48 h. seventeen out of 22 isolates forming orange-red colonies on rambach agar were identified as pseudomonas stutzeri, the rest as pseudomonas sp. and alcaligenes sp. the colonies of p. stutzeri were either dry, wri ...	1998	9861678
repetitive dna sequences in the common vole: cloning, characterization and chromosome localization of two novel complex repeats ms3 and ms4 from the genome of the east european vole microtus rossiaemeridionalis.	we have characterized two novel, complex, heterochromatic repeat sequences, ms3 and ms4, isolated from microtus rossiaemeridionalis genomic dna. sequence analysis indicates that both repeats consist of unique sequences interrupted by repeat elements of different origin and can be classified as long complex repeat units (lcrus). a unique feature of both repeat units is the presence of short interspersed repeat elements (sines), which are usually characteristic of the euchromatic part of the genom ...	1998	9872664
[characteristics of new family of tandemly organized repeats str47 in common voles].		2005	9929875
lack of circadian patterns in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide release and variability in vasopressin release in vole suprachiasmatic nuclei in vitro.	organotypic hypothalamic cultures of neonatal rats comprising the suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn) produce stable 20 h release patterns of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) and arginine-vasopressin (avp). compared with rats, voles show variably expressed circadian activity patterns. in this study we measured neuropeptidergic release patterns in organotypic scn cultures of neonatal common voles (microtus arvalis, n = 6). slices were prepared at postnatal day 6. after 14 days of incubation, 2 h ...	1999	10025569
[dogs recognize distinctive chromosomal forms of arvalis and obscurus common voles (microtus arvalis pallas, 1779) and individuals of the same type from diverse populations by smell].		1999	10188099
progesterone and testosterone concentrations during oestrous cycle and pregnancy in the common vole (microtus arvalis pallas).	serum progesterone and testosterone concentrations were measured during different stages of oestrous and pregnancy in paired and unpaired female common voles (microtus arvalis). hormone concentrations were measured by elisa, and cycle stages were determined by vaginal smears. paired females usually had serum progesterone concentrations of more than 10 ng/ml in the oestrous cycle. a significant maximum was detected in prooestrous (51.70 +/- 7.84 ng/ml, mean +/- s.d.). serum progesterone concentra ...	1999	10422259
[the ecology of the sibling species microtus arvalis pallas, 1779 and microtus rossiaemeridionalis ognev, 1924 (rodentia, cricetidae) in the tsimlianskie sands].	ecological features and circadian activity of the common vole sibling species were studied upon joint and separate occurrences. both species had a similar abundance but different biotopical distribution. microtus arvalis--chromosome form "obscurus" populated the studied territory more uniformly the studied territory. m. rossiaemeridionalis tended to occur in humid coenoses. in case of joint occurrences, the sibling species occupied different regions of biotopes and the rhythms of their activity ...	1999	10441910
[variability in dna repeats in four species of common voles].		2006	10546227
organotypic suprachiasmatic nuclei cultures of adult voles reflect locomotor behavior: differences in number of vasopressin cells.	this study is the first to demonstrate organotypic culturing of adult suprachiasmatic nuclei (scn). this approach was used to obtain organotypic scn cultures from adult vole brain with a previously determined state of behavioral circadian rhythmicity. we examined vasopressin (avp) immunoreactivity in these organotypic slice cultures. avp is one of the major neuropeptides produced by the scn, the main mammalian circadian pacemaker. avp immunoreactivity in the scn of adult common voles in vivo has ...	1999	10584174
aspects of mammalian spermatogenesis: electrophoretical analysis of protamines in mammalian species.	protamines are small, highly basic proteins that replace histones and testicular basic proteins during the development of mature spermatozoa, spermatogenesis. in mammals, extensive disulfide crosslinking of protamines result in the formation of a compact chromatin structure devoid of transcriptional activity. as determined by isolation and electrophoresis of protamines, only one protamine has been detected in the mature spermatozoa of most mammalian species. however, in the spermatozoa of the mo ...	1999	10597046
the suprachiasmatic nucleus in organotypic slice cultures of the common vole (microtus arvalis): comparison of development with rat and hamster and the effect of age.	the intrinsic properties of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), the site of the main circadian pacemaker in mammals, have recently been studied in vitro by means of organotypic slice culturing. so far, only neonatal rats and mice have been used for such developmental and functional analyses of the isolated pacemaker. here, the authors present a comparative developmental study of the scn of voles, rats, and hamsters in organotypic slice cultures. in contrast to strictly circadian organization of b ...	2000	10677015
[intrapopulation autosomal polymorphism in the common vole microtus arvalis from the transcaucasian region].	the broad autosomal polymorphism in form obscurus of common voles microtus arvalis from the transcaucasian region that is associated with the variation of subtelocentric chromosome pair 5, as well as the mechanism and evolutionary significance of this polymorphism, are discussed. based on the morphological analysis of heterozygotes for chromosome pair 5 after differential g-, c-, and ag-nor-banding and on the measurements of homologues, the following conclusion has been made. the occurrence of t ...	1999	10687096
the vole species microtus arvalis and microtus rossiaemeridionalis in the urals: hybridization in the wild.		2000	10781329
genetic and morphological heterogeneity in small rodent whipworms in southwestern europe: characterization of trichuris muris and description of trichuris arvicolae n. sp. (nematoda: trichuridae).	genetic and morphological variability of whipworms trichuris roederer, 1761 (nematoda: trichuridae), parasites of small rodents in southwestern europe, was studied. isozyme patterns of natural populations of nematodes parasitizing rodent species of the muridae (apodemus sylvaticus, apodemus flavicollis, mus musculus) and arvicolidae (clethrionomys glareolus, microtus agrestis, microtus arvalis) were analyzed at 6 putative loci. two diagnostic loci were found in t. muris from muridae and from arv ...	2000	10864238
[chromosomal instability in offspring of voles in unfavorable radiation zones].	a high frequency of cells having chromosomal aberrations was shown to be preserved in the first generation of laboratory offspring of common voles, whose ancestors were captured near the east ural radioactive track (eurt). in f2 and f3, a decrease in frequency was observed. most likely, the cytogenetic effects observed were caused by environmental contamination with plutonium in the locality of capture. an increased chromosomal instability observed in the first laboratory generation of nonirradi ...	2000	10867892