Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| composition and biosynthetic activity of polyribosomes associated with alfalfa mosaic virus infections. | 1976 | 982842 | |
| comparative ability of rna and dna to prime dna synthesis in vitro: role of sequence, sugar, and structure of template-primer. | the priming efficiency of oligo(rna) vs. oligo(dna) in a homopolymer template-homooligomer primer system was compared using four dna polymerases. the templates included (dt)n, (da)n, (dc)n, and (di)n. primers were the oligomers of the complementary dna or rna with chain lengths of 6 to 23. the dna polymerases used were from micrococcus luteus, avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), and escherichia coli (polymerase i and polymerase iii). the polymerases demonstrated a preference for the dna primers wi ... | 1975 | 1092334 |
| viral rna replication in extracts of alfalfa mosaic virus-infected vicia faba. | 1975 | 1111216 | |
| amino acid analysis of alfalfa mosaic virus coat proteins: an aid for viral strain identification. | 1975 | 1136143 | |
| studies on sequence homology between the rna's of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1975 | 1146224 | |
| structural studies on the coat protein of alfalfa mosaic virus. isolation and characterization of the tryptic peptides and the alignment of the cyanogen-bromide fragments. | the reduced and carboxymethylated coat protein of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv 425) was fragmented by means of cyanogen-bromide cleavage. the tryptic peptides from the protein and its four cyanogen-bromide fragments were isolated on a preparative scale by combinations of column and paper separation techniques. the tryptic digest of the carboxymethylated protein contained 24 peptides and two free amino acids. all peptides have been characterized by amino acid analyses and end-group determinations. t ... | 1975 | 1175586 |
| analysis of the pancreatic-ribonuclease-digestion products of alfalfa-mosaic-virus ribonucleic acid. sequence homologies between the different rnas. | alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) genome consists of three pieces of rna (24-s, 20-s and 17-s rna). for infectivity these three rnas and the coat protein are required. in the absence of coat protein, infectivity is obtained by adding the 12-s rna also normally present in the virus. this 12-s rna represents the message for coat protein. thus a redundancy of the gene for coat protein exists between 12-s rna and one of the other rnas. sequence analysis of the oligonucleotides resulting from pancreatic rib ... | 1975 | 1175651 |
| model for the capsid structure of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1975 | 1185778 | |
| the 5'-end groups of alfalfa mosaic virus rnas are m7g5'ppp5'gp. | 1975 | 1225615 | |
| translation of alfalfa mosaic virus rna's in mammalian cell-free systems. | 1975 | 1239115 | |
| some natural weed hosts of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1975 | 1243841 | |
| translation of alfalfa mosaic virus rna. effect of polyamines. | 1976 | 1245227 | |
| characterization of two morphologically distinct top component a particles from alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1976 | 1246831 | |
| temperature-resistant strains of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1976 | 1266043 | |
| proceedings: temperature resistant strains of alfalfa mosaic virus. | 1976 | 1275392 | |
| blocked 5' termini in alfalfa mosaic virus rna. | 1976 | 1275393 | |
| host and virus specific rna polymerases in alfalfa mosaic virus infected tobacco. | the particulate fraction of a homogenate of alfalfa mosaic virus infected tobacco was found to contain the viral replicase, and one or more host-specific rna-polymerases. using an endogeneous template, the membrane-bound replicase incorporates 3h-ctp in virion-type rna. the synthesized rna is part of a replicative intermediate; after rn-ase-treatment the product comigrates with viral double-stranded rna in polyacrylamide gels. a preliminary characterization of this double-stranded rna was made b ... | 1976 | 1275394 |
| temperature-dependent template switching during in vitro cdna synthesis by the amv-reverse transcriptase. | reverse transcriptase template switching has been invoked to explain several aspects of retroviral replication and recombination, and has been reported in vitro for the moloney murine leukemia virus (m-mulv) reverse transcriptase. during in vitro cdna synthesis, the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase can switch from one template to another in a homology-dependent and temperature-dependent manner. chimeric cdna molecules are generated within 30 min at high incubation temperatu ... | 1992 | 1279521 |
| 3'-c-branched 2'-deoxy-5-methyluridines: synthesis, enzyme inhibition, and antiviral properties. | a synthesis scheme for 3'-c-methyl-2'-deoxynucleosides and 3'-c-methylidene-2',3'-dideoxy-5-methyluridine has been proposed with 2-deoxyribose as the starting material. methyl 5-o-benzoyl-2-deoxyribofuranose was oxidized and the mixture of the 3'-keto derivatives was separated into the alpha- and beta-anomers. the beta-keto derivative was converted by reaction with memgbr, and after reaction with thymine and subsequent deprotection 1-(3'-c-methyl-2'-alpha-deoxy-alpha-d-threo-pentofuranosyl)thymi ... | 1992 | 1281882 |
| on the early emergence of reverse transcription: theoretical basis and experimental evidence. | reverse transcriptase (rt) was first discovered as an essential catalyst in the biological cycle of retroviruses. however, in the past years evidence has accumulated showing that rts are involved in a surprisingly large number of rna-mediated transpositional events that include both viral and nonviral genetic entities. although it is probable that some rt-bearing genetic elements like the different types of aids viruses and the mammalian line family have arisen in recent geological times, the po ... | 1992 | 1282161 |
| synthetic cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis improved for high expression in plants. | a 1974 bp synthetic gene was constructed from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides in order to improve transgenic protein expression of the cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis in transgenic tobacco. the crystal toxin genes (cry) from b. thuringiensis are difficult to express in plants even when under the control of efficient plant regulatory sequences. we identified and eliminated five classes of sequence found throughout the cryiiia gene that mimic eukaryotic processing ... | 1992 | 1301214 |
| v-src enhances phosphorylation at ser-282 of the rous sarcoma virus integrase. | the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) integrase (in) and the beta polypeptide (beta) of the reverse transcriptase are posttranslationally modified by phosphorylation on ser at amino acid position 282 of in. when in was immunoprecipitated from rsv (prague a strain) virions, approximately 30 to 40% of the in molecules were phosphorylated. when in was immunoprecipitated from a v-src deletion mutant (delta mst-a) of rsv or from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), the percentage of in molecules that were phosph ... | 1992 | 1312616 |
| transformation of chicken myelomonocytic cells by a retrovirus expressing the v-myb oncogene from the long terminal repeats of avian myeloblastosis virus but not rous sarcoma virus. | to test the effect of long terminal repeat (ltr) regulatory sequences on the transforming capability of the v-myb oncogene from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), we have constructed replication-competent avian retroviral vectors with nearly identical structural genes that express v-myb from either amv or rous sarcoma virus (rsv) ltrs. after transfection into chicken embryo fibroblasts, virus-containing cell supernatants were used to infect chicken myelomonocytic target cells from preparations of ... | 1992 | 1323701 |
| mechanism of inhibition of the retroviral protease by a rous sarcoma virus peptide substrate representing the cleavage site between the gag p2 and p10 proteins. | the activity of the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) or the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) protease on peptide substrates which represent cleavage sites found in the gag and gag-pol polyproteins of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and hiv-1 has been analyzed. each protease efficiently processed cleavage site substrates found in their cognate polyprotein precursors. additionally, in some instances heterologous activity was detected. the catalytic efficiency of the rsv protease on cognate sub ... | 1992 | 1331099 |
| the development of virus-resistant alfalfa, medicago sativa l. | we have generated more than 100 transgenic alfalfa plants, via agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer, from genotypes selected from five alfalfa cultivars. these plants express the genes for kanamycin resistance and for the coat protein of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv). the strongest expressers accumulated nearly 500 ng coat protein per mg soluble leaf protein. amv inoculation of protoplasts from these strong expressers indicated that they were resistant to infection by amv, while protoplasts from pl ... | 1991 | 1367011 |
| reverse transcriptase inhibits taq polymerase activity. | detection of viral rna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) requires the prior reverse transcription of the viral rna. in order to minimise the number of manual manipulations required for processing large numbers of samples, we attempted to design a system whereby all the reagents required for both reverse transcription and amplification can be added to one tube and a single, non-interrupted thermal cycling program performed. whilst attempting to set up such a one-tube system with taq polymerase ( ... | 1992 | 1374554 |
| comparison of hiv-1 and avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase fidelity on rna and dna templates. | a comparison of the fidelity of reverse transcriptases (rt) from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) and avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) is made using rna and dna primer-template molecules in vitro. selected template target sites containing either uracil or thymine are used to measure nucleotide insertion fidelities and to compare the efficiency of extending mismatched nucleotides at primer 3'-termini. hiv-1 reverse transcriptase is observed to incorporate as many as three consecutive mismatch ... | 1992 | 1375233 |
| binding of rna by the alfalfa mosaic virus movement protein is biphasic. | the movement protein of alfalfa mosaic virus was expressed in escherichia coli and purified by cation exchange chromatography. the purified protein bound single-stranded rna cooperatively in a biphasic manner. at protein saturation, rna/protein complexes (designated 'primary complexes') were detected by a nitrocellulose-retention assay within 1 min of mixing, both at 4 and 22 degrees c. in contrast, an incubation of 30 min at 22 degrees c was necessary to obtain electrophoretically retarded comp ... | 1992 | 1380465 |
| exogenous primer-independent cdna synthesis with commercial reverse transcriptase preparations on plant virus rna templates. | upon reverse transcription and cloning manipulations with virion rnas of several plant viruses, namely beet yellows virus, brome mosaic virus, and potato virus x, we came across a significant background synthesis of cdna on the virion rna template in vitro independent of exogenous primers added. when tested with beet yellow virus rna template, several commercial preparations of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase showed the background activity monitored by the [alpha-32p]dntp ... | 1992 | 1381874 |
| cross-reacting and heterospecific monoclonal antibodies produced against arabis mosaic nepovirus. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against arabis mosaic nepovirus (amv). a hybridoma screening procedure was applied which involved the testing of culture supernatants, before the hybridomas were cloned to single cell lines, for their reaction with eight nepoviruses [amv, cherry leafroll virus (clrv), grapevine fanleaf virus (gflv), peach rosette mosaic virus, raspberry ringspot virus (rrsv), tobacco ringspot virus, tomato black ring virus (tbrv) and tomato ringspot virus]. in addition ... | 1992 | 1402798 |
| protein truncation is not required for c-myb proto-oncogene activity in neuroretina cells. | the v-myb oncogene of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) differs from its normal cellular counterpart by a truncation at both its amino and carboxyl termini and by a substitution of 11 amino acid residues. we had previously shown that v-myb-containing amv, in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor, transformed chicken neuroretina (cnr) cells. to understand the mechanism of c-myb activation, we have tested whether avian retroviruses that express the full-length c-myb are also active on cnr ... | 1992 | 1404616 |
| [the technology for isolating the avian myeloblastosis virus in high titers from leukosis-free chicks]. | in order to enhance the outcome of high-quality reverse transcriptase enzyme, an efficient biotechnology was developed of accumulating and isolating the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) in high titres from blood plasma of leukosis-free chickens. when commercial chickens are infected in most sensitive one-day age, the virus titre does not exceed the value of 10(12) particles per 1 ml of plasma. we used 3-4-day old leukosis free chickens and achieved a stable average titre of the virus of 5.10(12) ... | 1992 | 1430580 |
| the nucleotide sequence of rna-1 of raspberry bushy dwarf virus. | raspberry bushy dwarf virus (rbdv) has isometric, 33 nm diameter particles and a bipartite rna genome. sequencing of the larger component (rna-1) showed that it consists of 5449 nucleotides and contains one large open reading frame encoding a putative translation product with a calculated m(r) of 190,000. comparisons of this polypeptide with non-structural proteins of other plant viruses revealed significant homologies with those of alfalfa mosaic virus (almv), brome mosaic virus (bmv), cucumber ... | 1992 | 1469359 |
| identification of genes differentially expressed in two types of v-myb-transformed avian myelomonocytic cells. | in an earlier study we found that different forms of the v-myb oncogene transform myeloid cells which resemble either monoblasts [when v-myb of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) was used] or promyelocytes [when a point mutant in v-myb of amv was used; introna, m., golay, j., frampton j., nakano, t., ness, s.a. & graf, t. (1990). cell, 63, 1287-1297]. in the present study we have searched for genes expressed in amv mutant-transformed promyelocytes that are not expressed in amv-transformed monoblas ... | 1992 | 1549365 |
| transforming potential of truncated v-myb and stimulation of replication by gag-myb fusion products. | we have previously reported that truncated forms of the v-myb oncogene of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) are expressed in transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef). in this paper, we show that deletion mutants encoding v-myb products altered in either the dna-binding or the negative regulatory domains are able to induce cef transformation. in addition, we report that recombinant plasmids expressing gag-myb fusion proteins are maintained as extrachromosomal forms in transfected cells. this o ... | 1992 | 1549366 |
| nucleic acid-binding properties of the alfalfa mosaic virus movement protein produced in yeast. | the movement protein of alfalfa mosaic virus (p3) was purified from yeasts transformed with an expression vector containing the p3 gene. its nucleic acid-binding properties were tested by electrophoretic retardation, nitrocellulose retention, and rna-protein cross-linking. the recombinant protein had a higher affinity for single-stranded rna and dna than for double-stranded nucleic acids. each nucleic acid molecule bound several protein molecules without sequence specificity. the binding was 80% ... | 1992 | 1585656 |
| extension of the dna binding consensus of the chicken c-myb and v-myb proteins. | the chicken c-myb gene and the v-myb oncogene transduced by avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) encode dna binding transcription activators. the dna binding domain of amv v-myb displays a number of amino acid changes relative to c-myb; v-myb proteins in which one or more of three crucial residues in the dna binding domain are mutated to resemble the c-myb sequence display altered transformation phenotypes. in order to establish whether the spectrum of dna binding sites which amv v-myb can recognise ... | 1992 | 1620600 |
| an n-proximal sequence of the alfalfa mosaic virus movement protein is necessary for association with cell walls in transgenic plants. | we have made transgenic tobacco plants (nicotiana tabacum, cv. xanthi nc) expressing the movement protein (p3, 300 amino acids) of alfalfa mosaic virus (a1mv) and two n-terminally deleted proteins lacking respectively 12 and 77 amino acids of the p3 sequence (p3 delta[1-12] and p3 delta[1-77]). the same proteins were expressed in recombinant yeast. by subcellular fractionation, the full-length p3 protein expressed by transgenic plants was found to be associated with cell walls as well as with cy ... | 1992 | 1645148 |
| cdna cloning of a homeobox-containing gene expressed in avian myeloblastic virus-transformed chicken monoblastic leukaemia cells. | by combining the polymerase chain reaction and differential library screening, a cdna for an mrna expressed in chicken avian myeloblastosis virus (amv)-transformed monoblasts was isolated. this mrna is not expressed in erythroblast or t-lymphoblast cell lines. induced differentiation of the cells of the amv-transformed bm2 line was associated with reduced levels of this transcript. the predicted protein product of chox m was a homeodomain factor similar to murine hox-4.3. | 1991 | 1674560 |
| diverse groups of plant rna and dna viruses share related movement proteins that may possess chaperone-like activity. | amino acid sequences of plant virus proteins mediating cell-to-cell movement were compared to each other and to protein sequences in databases. two families of movement proteins have been identified, the members of which show statistically significant sequence similarity. the first, larger family (i) encompasses the movement proteins of tobamo-, tobra-, caulimo- and comoviruses, apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (aclsv) and geminiviruses with bipartite genomes. thus this family includes viruses wh ... | 1991 | 1684985 |
| relationship of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity of large enveloped rna viruses to host cell activity. | purified virions of the large rna viruses show 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (3'-cnpase) activity. the 3'-cnpase activity is virion-associated and stimulated by their treatment with nonionic detergents. cytopathic viruses such as influenza a2 (singapore/57), ndv, and vsv showed the specific activity of a virion-associated 3'-cnpase equal to or lower than the specific activity of host cell enzyme. retroviruses are an example of extreme relationship of 3'-cnpase to virion. with the a ... | 1991 | 1688073 |
| [rna-dependent dna-polymerase from avian myeloblastosis virus: effectiveness of interaction with oligothymidylate primers of various length]. | optimal conditions for the reaction of polymerization catalyzed by rna-dependent dna-polymerase from amv on poly(a)- and poly(da)-templates with d(pt)n-primers were established. optimal concentrations of the components and ph of the reaction mixtures were found out to differ significantly. dttp was shown to be both a nucleotide substrate and a minimal primer of the polymerization. the km values for d(pt)2-primer (km = 0.11 mm and 0.54 for poly(a) and poly(da)-templates, respectively) and longer ... | 1990 | 1694567 |
| [comparative inhibitory analysis of dna biosynthesis catalyzed by retrovirus reverse transcriptase]. | comparative study of dna biosynthesis inhibition, catalyzed by avian myeloblastose virus (amv) reverse transcriptase (rt), human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) recombinant and native rt, has been performed. 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-triphosphate (azttp); 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-methylenephosphonate-diphosphate: 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-phosphate-phosponoacetate; 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine 5'-phosphate-dibromomethylenephosphonate; 2',3'-o-isopropylidenecytidine 5' ... | 1990 | 1695849 |
| hybrids between rubella virus and a latent virus of baby hamster kidney cell line bhk21: characterization of rubella virus and type 2 hybrid virus genomes and determination of their physical homology. | the biochemical nature of rubella virus and type 2 hybrid virus, which is a recombinant between rubella virus and a latent retrovirus of bhk21 cells, has been characterized. type 2 hybrid virus carries dna polymerase able to copy exogenous dna. however, disrupted type 2 hybrid virions do not synthesize detectable amounts of dna using the endogenous viral rna or synthetic poly(ra)/oligo(dt) primed as a template. thus, the type 2 hybrid virus dna polymerase has no detectable reverse transcriptase ... | 1990 | 1697423 |
| inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase by diphosphates of acyclic phosphonylmethyl nucleotide analogues. | diphosphates of n-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) derivatives of heterocyclic bases were studied in the endogenous oligo(dt)12-18 primed reaction of reverse transcriptase from detergent-disrupted amv(mav) retrovirions. these diphosphates (analogues of nucleotide 5'-triphosphates) exhibited an inhibitory activity towards reverse transcriptase. this inhibitory activity was dependent on the character of the heterocyclic base and decreased in the order: 2-aminoadenine greater than adenine greater than gu ... | 1990 | 1699492 |
| acyclic nucleotide analogues: synthesis, antiviral activity and inhibitory effects on some cellular and virus-encoded enzymes in vitro. | several n-(s)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl) (hpmp) and n-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) (pme) derivatives of purine bases (adenine, guanine, 2-aminoadenine, 3-deazaadenine) and cytosine inhibit the growth of various dna viruses. pme-derivatives (pmea, pmeg and pmedap) are also active against retroviruses. both types of nucleotide analogues undergo phosphorylation by cellular nucleotide kinases to their mono- and diphosphates. the phosphorylation with crude extracts of l-1210 cells is potenti ... | 1990 | 1699493 |
| [the effect of bases noncomplementary to the template on the effectiveness of interaction between primers and avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase]. | the comparison of the km and vmax values for various primers was carried out. the primers were either completely complementary to the poly(a)-template or contained noncomplementary bases in different positions from the 3'-end. an increase of the km and vmax values for primers containing noncomplementary bases was shown. the affinity of the amv-revertase complex with poly(a)-template to d(pt)10 was shown to be higher by a factor of 93, 325, 338, 425, 95 and 15 than to d(pt)9(pc), d[(pt)2pc]3pt, d ... | 1990 | 1701218 |
| effects of 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate on dna synthesis in vitro by purified bacterial and viral dna polymerases. | 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (cldatp) was compared with datp as a substrate for dna synthesis by bacterial and viral dna polymerases in vitro. lengths of chain extension and dna synthesis pause sites were determined by comparison with products generated by dideoxynucleotide sequencing methods on the same end-labeled primer/template duplex after high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. reverse transcriptase (rt) from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) and avian myelobla ... | 1991 | 1703019 |
| polymerization and rnase h activities of the reverse transcriptases from avian myeloblastosis, human immunodeficiency, and moloney murine leukemia viruses are functionally uncoupled. | the functional interaction between the rna-dependent dna polymerase and the rnase h activities of reverse transcriptases (rts) were examined using a 272 nucleotide long plasmid-derived rna transcript primed in a specific location. properties of the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) rt, the human immunodeficiency virus rt and the moloney murine leukemia virus rt were examined. all three enzymes formed stable complexes with the primer-template with half-lives ranging from about 16 to 41 s. each enz ... | 1991 | 1708386 |
| inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase by heterocyclic quinones: structure-activity correlation. | synthetic heterocyclic quinones (107 samples) consisting of o- and p-quinoline quinones, o-isoquinoline quinones and p-quinoxaline quinones as well as o- and p-naphthoquinones (3 samples) were tested for their inhibitory activities against avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase (amv-rt) and cytotoxic activities against mouse lymphoblastoma l5178y cells. in general, o-quinoline quinones (i.e., the 5,6-quinolinedione derivatives) are more potent inhibitors of amv-rt than p-quinoline quin ... | 1991 | 1716528 |
| purification and partial characterization of equine infectious anemia virus reverse transcriptase. | previously we raised a rabbit monospecific antibody (c2003) against a synthetic peptide derived from a sequence within the c-terminal portion of the reverse transcriptase (rt) of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). this sequence is found to be conserved in the predicted amino acid sequence of a related lentivirus, the equine infectious anemia virus (eiav). it was previously determined that the c2003 antibody could cross-react with native eiav rt and directly inhibit the dna polymera ... | 1991 | 1718086 |
| reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus: a single template-primer binding site serves two physically separable catalytic functions. | the binding of substrates to recombinant reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and the natural enzyme from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) has been examined by analyzing both the ribonuclease h and the rna-dependent dna polymerase activities. with 3'-end-labeled globin mrna hybridized to (dt)15 as the substrate in the ribonuclease h reaction, the enzymes partially deadenylated the mrna in a distributive manner. under these conditions, there was a rapid initial burst foll ... | 1991 | 1718423 |
| effect of glutaraldehyde-fixation on the immunogenicity, particle stability and antigenic reactivity of alfalfa mosaic virus, and the specificity of elicited antibodies. | glutaraldehyde-fixation was shown to stabilize the structural integrity of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) particles as well as to increase their immunogenicity and antigenic reactivity. the antigenic reactivity of the particles was substantially increased irrespective of whether the antibodies were from animals immunized with native or fixed amv, or preparations of coat protein subunits isolated from the virus. no significant changes in the antigenic specificity of amv particles were detected follow ... | 1991 | 1719013 |
| nucleic acid binding properties of the 92-kda replicase subunit of alfalfa mosaic virus produced in yeast. | the 92-kda non-structural protein of alfalfa mosaic virus (one of the replicase subunits) was synthesized by saccharomyces cerevisiae transformed with a recombinant expression vector. the yeast-expressed protein had the immunological and size characteristics of the naturally made viral protein. it was partially purified and its nucleic acid binding properties were tested by gel-retardation electrophoresis and nitrocellulose adsorption. the protein interacted with single-stranded rna, double-stra ... | 1992 | 1730222 |
| change in phenotype and encapsidated rna segments of an isolate of alfalfa mosaic virus: an influence of host passage. | a local lesion isolate of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv-n20) from lucerne was found to encapsidate two extra rnas in addition to the four major rnas (rna1, -2, -3 and -4). these were resolved by gel electrophoresis both under native conditions and after glyoxal denaturation. the rna with an electrophoretic mobility between that of rnas 2 and 3 was designated rna31, that between rnas 3 and 4 was designated rna3s. sucrose density gradient centrifugation analysis of amv-n20 showed six instead of the no ... | 1991 | 1765766 |
| rapid detection of hog cholera virus in tissues by the polymerase chain reaction. | a rapid method for the detection of hog cholera virus (hcv) in infected tissues, using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed. total rna isolated from hcv-infected tissues was reverse transcribed with amv reverse transcriptase and the resulting complementary dna was amplified by taq dna polymerase in the presence of two hcv-specific primers. the amplified dna fragment was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. the sensitivity of this method was at 10(4) tcid50 of hcv. the sensitivity in ... | 1991 | 1816255 |
| deletion analysis of cis- and trans-acting elements involved in replication of alfalfa mosaic virus rna 3 in vivo. | dna copies of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) rna 3 were transcribed in vitro into rna molecules with deletions in coding and noncoding sequences. the replication of these transcripts was studied in protoplasts from transgenic tobacco plants expressing dna copies of aimv rnas 1 and 2. deletions in the 5'-proximal p3 gene, encoding the putative viral transport function, did not affect replication whereas deletions in the 3'-proximal coat protein gene reduced replication of rna 3 by about 100-fold. se ... | 1991 | 1853568 |
| complementation and recombination between alfalfa mosaic virus rna3 mutants in tobacco plants. | deletions were made in an infectious cdna clone of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) rna3 and the replication of rna transcripts of these cdnas was studied in tobacco plants transformed with aimv replicase genes (p12 plants). previously, we found that deletions in the p3 gene did not affect accumulation of rna3 in p12 protoplasts whereas deletions in the coat protein (cp) gene reduced accumulation 100-fold (a. c. van der kuyl, l. neeleman, and j. f. bol, 1991, virology 183, 687-694). in p12 plants del ... | 1991 | 1853571 |
| proto-oncogene expression in avian hematopoietic tissues. | previous findings from this laboratory (kim & baluda, 1988) have shown that the proto-oncogenes ets, fps, mht (raf), myc and rel are expressed in avian myeloblastosis virus (amv)-transformed cells, whereas the myb gene is repressed. in this study five different chicken hematopoietic tissues which contained varying concentrations of target cells for amv transformation were analyzed to determine whether the expression of these proto-oncogenes resulted from, or was altered by, v-myb-induced leukemo ... | 1991 | 1886713 |
| development of an acid-soluble assay for measuring retrovirus integrase 3'-oh terminal nuclease activity. | a quantitative and efficient assay was developed to measure the 3'-oh terminal dna endonuclease activity of the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) integrase protein. a retroviral-like linearized plasmid containing long terminal repeat (ltr) sequences at its recessed 3'-oh termini was filled in and labeled with the escherichia coli klenow dna polymerase fragment. the 32p-labeled nucleotide was located at the penultimate position. the labeled linearized plasmid or restriction fragments derived from ... | 1991 | 1888032 |
| v-myb transformation of xeroderma pigmentosum human fibroblasts: overexpression of the c-ha-ras oncogene in the transformed cells. | human xeroderma pigmentosum "normal" fibroblasts as16 (xp4 vi) were transformed after transfection with a recombinant v-myb clone. in this clone (pkxa 3457) derived from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), the expression of the oncogene sequences is driven by the amv u-5 ltr promoter. the transformed cells (askxa), which have integrated a rearranged v-myb oncogene, grow in agar, are not tumorigenic in nude mice, and express a 45-kda v-myb protein. the hmw dna of these cells transform chicken embry ... | 1991 | 1893942 |
| nucleotide sequence of raspberry bushy dwarf virus rna-2: a bicistronic component of a bipartite genome. | northern blot analysis with cdna probes to rna-3 (1 kb) of raspberry bushy dwarf virus (rbdv) revealed extensive sequence homology with rbdv rna-2 (2.2 kb). nucleotide sequencing showed that rna-2 contains two large open reading frames (orfs), of 1074 (5' orf) and 822 (3' orf) bases. the 3' orf is virtually identical in sequence to rna-3, which encodes the mr 30509 (30k) coat protein. the 5' orf encodes an mr 38860 (39k) protein which slightly resembles the 32k protein encoded by rna-3 of alfalf ... | 1991 | 1895055 |
| some observations on the binding properties of alfalfa mosaic virus to polystyrene and its significance to indirect elisa. | the adsorption and retention properties of native (unfixed) and glutaraldehyde-fixed alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) antigens to the polystyrene of elisa plates were studied using [35s]-labelled virus preparations. it was shown that adsorption was a temperature-dependent, relatively slow process which varied between different amv isolates. the amount of virus antigen adsorbed was dependent on the type and ph of the suspending buffer. although native virus antigen adsorbed very efficiently at high ph ... | 1991 | 1902080 |
| role of alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein in regulation of the balance between viral plus and minus strand rna synthesis. | replication of wild type rna 3 of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) and mutants with frameshifts in the p3 or coat protein (cp) genes was studied in protoplasts from tobacco plants transformed with dna copies of aimv rnas 1 and 2. accumulation of viral plus and minus strand rnas was monitored with strand-specific probes. a frameshift in the p3 gene did not change the asymmetry in plus/minus strand accumulation observed for the wild type. a frameshift early in the cp gene resulted in a 100-fold reducti ... | 1991 | 1926791 |
| effect of removal of zinc on alfalfa mosaic virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the necessity of coat protein for infection of plants by alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) and other ilarviruses distinguishes this virus group from other plant virus groups. recently, the presence of both a zinc-finger type motif and zinc in aimv coat protein was described [(1989) virology 168, 48-56]. we studied the effect of a zinc chelator on viral rna synthesis. strong inhibition of aimv rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) by ortho-phenanthroline (op) was observed. | 1991 | 1993475 |
| alfalfa mosaic virus rna3 mutants do not replicate in transgenic plants expressing rna3-specific genes. | the rna3 of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) encodes the p3 protein and the viral coat protein (cp). rna3 molecules transcribed in vitro replicated in protoplasts and plants when inoculated in mixtures with aimv rna1, rna2 and cp. transcripts with a deletion or inversion in the p3 gene replicated well in protoplasts but not in transgenic plants transformed with the p3 gene. transgenic plants expressing the cp gene became infected after inoculation with a mixture of rna1, rna2 and wild-type rna3 trans ... | 1991 | 1993869 |
| replication of an incomplete alfalfa mosaic virus genome in plants transformed with viral replicase genes. | rnas 1 and 2 of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) encode proteins p1 and p2, respectively, both of which have a putative role in viral rna replication. tobacco plants were transformed with dna copies of rna1 (p1-plants), rna2 (p2-plants) or a combination of these two cdnas (p12-plants). all transgenic plants were susceptible to infection with the complete aimv genome (rnas 1, 2, and 3). inoculation with incomplete mixtures of aimv rnas showed that the p1-plants were able to replicate rnas 2 and 3, tha ... | 1991 | 2014633 |
| role of alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein gene in symptom formation. | on samsun nn tobacco plants strains 425 and ysmv of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) cause mild chlorosis and local necrotic lesions, respectively. dna copies of rna3 of both strains were transcribed in vitro into infectious rna molecules. when the 425 and ysmv transcripts were inoculated to tobacco plants transformed with dna copies of aimv rnas 1 and 2, they induced symptoms indistinguishable from those of the corresponding parent strains. exchange of restriction fragments between the infectious cl ... | 1991 | 2014643 |
| analysis of the protein composition of alfalfa mosaic virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) was solubilized and purified from cellular membranes isolated from alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv)-infected tobacco by employing a procedure recently described for brome mosaic virus rdrp [r. quadt and e.m.j. jaspars, 1990, virology 178, 189-194]. the purified aimv rdrp is completely dependent on added template rnas and exhibits a high degree of template specificity. analysis of the protein composition of aimv rdrp showed that aimv-encoded proteins p1 and p2 and t ... | 1991 | 2024468 |
| universal promoter for gene expression without cloning: expression-pcr. | we present a rapid and simple system called expression-pcr (e-pcr) for in vitro synthesis of functional protein from genomic or plasmid dna. a universal promoter was developed containing an untranslated leader sequence from alfalfa mosaic virus directly downstream from the t7 bacteriophage promoter. when this universal promoter is spliced to a dna segment, it produces a suitable template for in vitro transcription and translation. the dna to be expressed is first amplified by the pcr using a 5'- ... | 1991 | 2064773 |
| indirect double antibody sandwich elisa for detecting alfalfa mosaic virus in aphids after short probes on infected plants. | an indirect double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (idas-elisa) system using antibodies elicited in rabbits and chickens is described for the detection of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv). the method is capable of detecting 40 pg of homologous purified amv and was shown to be suitable for detecting the virus in aphids. amv in the order of 150 pg was detected in single aphids. it was shown that a significant proportion of insects could acquire this or higher amounts of virus during ... | 1990 | 2086598 |
| the establishment of rat hybridoma cell lines secreting mcab against strains of potato virus y and analysis of its stability. | the rat splenocytes immunized with potato virus y (pvyn) and ratmyeloma (ir983) were fused by peg (m. w.1450). three kinds of stable hybridoma cell lines secreting specific monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were derived. one kind of the cell lines producing mcabs reacts to pvyn specifically. another reacts to pvyo specifically. the third one reacts to both of the two strains. tested by the methods of sandwich-elisa and indirect-elisa, all kinds of mcabs did not react to seven plant viruses: tobacco ... | 1990 | 2104212 |
| novel fluorogenic substrates for assaying retroviral proteases by resonance energy transfer. | the 11-kd protease (pr) encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) is essential for the correct processing of viral polyproteins and the maturation of infectious virus, and is therefore a target for the design of selective acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) therapeutics. to facilitate the identification of novel inhibitors of hiv-1 pr, as well as to permit detailed studies on the enzymology and inhibition of this enzyme, a continuous assay for its activity was developed that wa ... | 1990 | 2106161 |
| differentiation and antigenic characterization of closely related alfalfa mosaic virus strains with monoclonal antibodies. | a panel of 15 mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was raised against five strains of alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) which were closely related antigenically but biologically distinct. a wide diversity of mab specificity was revealed by screening them in three formats of indirect elisa, using native and glutaraldehyde-fixed amv particles as well as isolated coat protein preparations. of these mabs, seven reacted specifically with only one amv strain in at least one elisa format and at least one mab wa ... | 1990 | 2125636 |
| effects of 5' and 3' truncations of the myb gene on the transforming ability of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv). | proviruses based on the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) have been constructed which code for variations of the c-myb and/or v-myb gene product. these proviruses have been used in a soft colony agar assay to assess the contributions of the 5' and 3' deletions of the v-myb oncogene in the cellular transforming activity of the virus. the results indicate that 3' truncations are an integral part of the gene's mechanism of activation and that the truncations on the 5' end of the gene are important e ... | 1990 | 2158185 |
| proteases from human immunodeficiency virus and avian myeloblastosis virus show distinct specificities in hydrolysis of multidomain protein substrates. | the virally encoded proteases from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) have been compared relative to their ability to hydrolyze a variant of the three-domain pseudomonas exotoxin, pe66. this exotoxin derivative, missing domain i and referred to as lyspe40, is made up of a 13-kilodalton nh2-terminal translocation domain ii connected by a segment of 40 amino acids to enzyme domain iii of the toxin, a 23-kilodalton adp-ribosyltransferase. hiv protease hydrolyzes ... | 1990 | 2161935 |
| captan binding to avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase and its effect on rnase h activity. | the inhibitor captan (n-trichloromethylthio-4-cyclohexen-1,2-dicarboximide) was used to explore the ribonuclease h (rnase h) active site of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase. gel permeation chromatography of purified enzyme showed that [14c]captan bound to the alpha subunit in a ratio of 10:1 and to a 32,000 d polypeptide in a ratio of 4:1. neither the alpha beta nor the beta subunit bound [14c]captan. the binding of 5 of the captan molecules was prevented by preincubating e ... | 1990 | 2166233 |
| translation initiation factor-dependent extracts from saccharomyces cerevisiae. | translation initiation factor 4a- and 4e-dependent extracts were developed from saccharomyces cerevisiae and used to study factor requirements for translation of individual mrnas in vitro. whereas all mrnas tested required eif-4a, mrnas devoid of secondary structure in their 5' untranslated region did not require exogenous eif-4e for translation. the latter included alfalfa mosaic virus rna4, mrna containing the untranslated region of tobacco mosaic virus rna and mrna containing part of the untr ... | 1990 | 2169890 |
| two distinct and frequently mutated regions of retinoblastoma protein are required for binding to sv40 t antigen. | the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (rb) encodes a phosphoprotein of 110 kd (pp110rb) that forms specific complexes with sv40 t antigen and the transforming proteins of several other dna tumor viruses. interaction with rb is thought to contribute to transformation by these viruses as demonstrated by genetic analyses. to help understand the function of these interactions, the regions of rb that are involved in binding to t have been mapped. an in vitro protein synthesis system capable of produ ... | 1990 | 2189724 |
| proteolytic cleavage of microtubule-associated proteins by retroviral proteinases. | aspartic proteinases from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) were found to interfere with microtubule assembly. preincubation of the proteinases with purified brain microtubule proteins (tubulin and microtubule-associated proteins) at low ionic strength (ph 6.8), completely inhibited microtubule assembly. analysis of microtubule proteins after incubation with proteinase showed no effect on tubulin but extensive cleavage of the microtubule-associated ... | 1990 | 2212989 |
| the absence of a m7g cap on beta-globin mrna and alfalfa mosaic virus rna 4 increases the amounts of initiation factor 4f required for translation. | beta-globin mrna and alfalfa mosaic virus (amv) rna 4, two naturally capped mrnas, and satellite tobacco necrosis virus (stnv) rna, a naturally uncapped mrna, were prepared by in vitro transcription with and without a 5' m7g cap structure (m7g(5')ppp(5')n). the translation of the capped and uncapped forms of these mrnas was measured in a crude s30 system and a partially purified system from wheat germ. in the s30 system the uncapped forms of beta-globin mrna and amv rna 4 are much less active (g ... | 1990 | 2246243 |
| the nucleocapsid protein isolated from hiv-1 particles binds zinc and forms retroviral-type zinc fingers. | the role of zinc in retroviral gag protein function has been addressed through the application of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to samples of the nucleocapsid protein (ncp, p7) isolated directly from infectious hiv-1 particles. unlike reports for the ncp from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) particles [jentoft et al. (1988) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 85, 7094], we find that the hiv-1 ncp binds 2 equiv of zinc tightly and stoichiometrically. two-dimensional nmr spectr ... | 1990 | 2261434 |
| similarities between putative transport proteins of plant viruses. | the nucleic acids of many plant viruses encode proteins with one or more of the following properties: an mr of approximately 30,000, localization in the cell wall of the infected plant and a demonstrated role in cell-to-cell transport of infection. a progressive alignment strategy, aligning first those sequences known to be similar, and then aligning the resulting groups of sequences, was used to examine further the relatedness of the amino acid sequences of putative transport proteins of caulim ... | 1990 | 2345362 |
| cis-acting elements involved in replication of alfalfa mosaic virus rnas in vitro. | a dna copy of alfalfa mosaic virus (aimv) rna3 was transcribed in vitro in two different orientations with t7 rna polymerase and the transcripts were used as templates for a virus-specific rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) purified from aimv-infected bean plants. minus-stranded templates were transcribed by the rdrp into subgenomic plus-stranded rna4. a deletion analysis showed that a sequence in minus-strand rna3, located between nucleotides -8 and -55 upstream of the initiation site for rna4 ... | 1990 | 2345958 |
| biologically active transcripts of alfalfa mosaic virus rna3. | transcripts of the bicistronic rna3 of alfalfa mosaic virus were synthesized using the in vitro t7 run-off transcription system. synthetic rna3 containing one additional g nucleotide at the 5' end were found to be infectious when coinoculated with rna1 and rna2 and coat protein. | 1990 | 2358065 |
| formycin 3' end modified trnatrp. recognition by avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase and primer function. | primer trnatrp has been modified at the 3' end by adenosine analogues: 2'deoxyadenosine, 3'deoxyadenosine, 3' amino-3' deoxyadenosine and formycin. aminoacylation of modified trnatrp with cognate aminoacyl-trna synthetase and primer function for dna synthesis catalyzed by amv reverse transcriptase have been studied. the trnatrp was able to accept tryptophan but did not initiate the dna synthesis directed by 35s amv rna. recognition of modified trnatrp by amv reverse transcriptase was not affecte ... | 1985 | 2412559 |
| ribosomes are stalled during in vitro translation of alfalfa mosaic virus rna 1. | in the presence of plant trnas the full-length translation product of alfalfa mosaic virus rna 1 is produced in rabbit reticulocytes only at low mrna concentration. at higher mrna concentration translation is restricted to the 5' half of rna 1. at high mrna concentration the full-length product can be formed when additional plant trna and glutamine are supplied to the translation mixture. in contrast, in the presence of yeast or calf liver trna the translation pattern of alfalfa mosaic virus rna ... | 1985 | 2414104 |
| anti-sense regions in satellite rna of cucumber mosaic virus form stable complexes with the viral coat protein gene. | the interaction in vitro of the rna of the q-strain of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) with its satellite rna (sat-rna) has been studied. in hybridisation reactions containing 30% formamide at 45 degrees, sat-rna binds to cmv rna 3 and 4 but not to cmv rna 1 and 2 or rna from tobacco mosaic virus and alfalfa mosaic virus. the viral coat protein gene present in rna 3 and 4 contains the site of binding but this region does not contain complementary sequences of any significant length to the sat-rna se ... | 1986 | 2422629 |
| transforming potential of the v-myb oncogene from avian myeloblastosis virus: alterations in the oncogene product may reveal a new target specificity. | transfection of brown leghorn chicken embryo fibroblasts by dna containing v-myb sequences cloned either in a complete amv proviral dna or in a retroviral derived vector has led to the isolation of two kinds of transformed cells. a characterization of the proviral sequences retained and expressed in these transformed cells revealed that they contained either new or altered v-myb-related rna species. the experiments presented in this paper also show that both types of transformants expressed trun ... | 1986 | 2427128 |
| misincorporation by amv reverse transcriptase shows strong dependence on the combination of template and substrate nucleotides. | we have carried out a systematic investigation of the efficiency of misincorporation by avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase with all possible combinations of dntp substrate, template nucleotide, and the nucleotide at the 3' terminus of the primer. a series of synthetic oligonucleotide primers were annealed to single stranded m13 dna templates, and a single dntp was misincorporated at the primer 3' end using amv reverse transcriptase. the proportion and pattern of misincorporation an ... | 1986 | 2429257 |
| nucleoside 5'-triphosphates modified at sugar residues as substrates for calf thymus terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and for amv reverse transcriptase. | terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase from calf thymus and rna-directed dna polymerase (reverse transcriptase) from the avian myeloblastosis virus catalyze the incorporation of 3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates, as well as some of their 3'-derivatives, 3'-amino-3'-deoxyarabinonucleoside 5'-triphosphates and some other nucleoside 5'-triphosphates modified at sugar residues. after incorporation of the appropriate 5'-mononucleotide residue into the dna, further chain elongation is b ... | 1986 | 2429703 |
| direct identification of small sequence changes in chromosomal dna. | dideoxynucleotide chain termination sequencing has been applied directly to genomic dna templates by annealing radiolabeled oligodeoxynucleotide primers to unique sites in total yeast dna and extending with avian myoblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase. the technique is used here to confirm the introduction of selectively altered trna genes into the saccharomyces cerevisiae genome by gene replacement. | 1986 | 2429900 |
| synthesis and application of derivatizable oligonucleotides. | to investigate protein-dna interactions, we have synthesized a versatile phthalimide-protected 5-(3-aminopropyl)-2'-deoxyuridine nucleoside probe. the modified residue was incorporated into deoxyoligonucleotides by automated synthesis. the standard oligonucleotide workup also exposed the pendent amino group, which was found to react with either fluorescent labelling agents or, as detailed below, a photoactivatable cross-linking agent. in the dark, a strand with a photolabile group adjacent to th ... | 1987 | 2442728 |
| rna complementary to alfalfa mosaic virus rna 4 is not translated in vitro. | cdna of the subgenomic messenger rna (rna 4) of alfalfa mosaic virus was ligated in both orientations into plasmids containing the bacteriophage sp 6 promoter. upon transcription in vitro these plasmids yielded synthetic full-length complementary rna and messenger-sense rna. the complementary rna contained an open reading frame of 417 nucleotides; the messenger-sense rna encodes the virus coat protein. no translation products from the complementary rna were detected in a wheat germ translation s ... | 1987 | 2444555 |
| the influence of a double-stranded hindrance on dna synthesis performed by dna polymerase alpha, t4 dna polymerase, dna polymerase i (klenow fragment) and amv reverse transcriptase. | the influence of a double-stranded region on dna synthesis performed by a series of dna polymerases on a single-stranded template was studied. two types of double-stranded hindrances were employed: a stable hairpin formed by the template alone and a region formed by the template and an extraneous oligonucleotide complementary to the template. while t4 and calf thymus alpha dna polymerases are strongly arrested at the beginning of either of the two double-stranded hindrances, the klenow fragment ... | 1988 | 2449362 |
| characterization of the cdna synthesized by avian retrovirus reverse transcriptase using 35 s avian myeloblastosis virus rna and an exogenous bovine primer trna. | bovine trna(trp) can be partially hybridized to the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) 35 s rna at 37 degrees c, in the presence of amv rna-dependent dna polymerase (reverse transcriptase). this template-primer complex is active in the synthesis of viral cdna. the size of the cdna products synthesized in the in vitro reconstituted amv system was determined by urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using a trna labelled at the 3'-end by yeast trna nucleotidyl transferase. the synthesized cdna has ... | 1988 | 2450786 |
| high resolution structure of the rna duplex [u(u-a)6a]2. | rna is involved in many biological functions, ranging from information storage and transfer to the catalysis of reactions involving both nucleic acids and proteins. previous crystallographic studies on rna oligomeric chains provide only averaged structures or information limited in resolution. the oligomer [u(u-a)6a]2 was chosen for the study of protein-rna interactions in viruses. its size and base composition mimic portions of the genomic rna in alfalfa mosaic virus that bind to the amino term ... | 1988 | 2458530 |
| avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase is easier to use than the klenow fragment of dna polymerase i for labeling the 3'-end of a dna fragment. | the 3'----5' exonuclease activity of the klenow fragment operates in 3'-end labeling of dna fragments. in the presence of excess deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dntps), the 5'----3' polymerase activity is dominant over the exonuclease activity. however, in the presence of a small amount of dntps, the exonuclease activity removed deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate (dnmp) incorporated in the 3'-end of a dna strand by the polymerase activity. we found that the radioactivity of incorporated ... | 1988 | 2461116 |
| mechanism of inhibition of reverse transcriptase by quinone antibiotics. ii. dependence on putative quinone pocket on the enzyme molecule. | inhibition of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase by natural and synthetic quinones including antibiotics could be accounted for by an oxidation-reduction reaction. the quinones were shown to function as electron acceptors as revealed by the catalytic oxidation of nadh by clostridium kluyveri diaphorase which was in excellent agreement with enzyme inhibition activity. the kinetics of inhibition of amv reverse transcriptase by three synthetic quinones with different core struct ... | 1988 | 2461354 |
| mapping of a small phosphopeptide at the carboxyterminus of the viral myb protein by monoclonal antibodies. | several myb-specific monoclonal antibodies were produced and their antigen recognition sites characterized using a series of bacterially expressed truncated myb proteins. the monoclonal antibodies were used for analysing the in vivo phosphorylation site of the oncogene protein from avian myeloblastosis virus (amv), p48v-myb. the p48v-myb protein labeled metabolically with [32p]orthophosphate was isolated from the amv-transformed chicken myeloblast cell line bm-2 by immunoaffinity chromatography. ... | 1989 | 2464784 |