Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted ascending)
Filter
evaluation of the quality and virological status of semen from bulls acutely infected with bvdv. 19892537554
serological characterization of viruses isolated from experimental mucosal disease.four cattle persistently infected with non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus and 3 normal controls were challenge exposed to cytopathogenic bvd-md viruses that are antigenically different from the persistent viruses. two of the persistently infected cattle developed mucosal disease and became moribund on postinoculation days (pid) 28 and 14, respectively; one developed severe and chronic diarrhoea and became moribund on pid 32; and the other remained healthy un ...19892538022
serological comparison of cytopathogenic and non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease viruses isolated from cattle with mucosal disease.ten cattle that died with mucosal disease were examined for bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) viruses. both cytopathogenic (cp) and non-cytopathogenic (ncp) bvd-md viruses were isolated concomitantly from 9 of them, and only a cp virus was recovered from the other. then each pair of cp and ncp viruses was compared serologically by a serum neutralization test. each pair of cp and ncp viruses from the same cattle was found to be serologically indistinguishable, although a minor antige ...19892538669
differentiation of hog cholera and bovine virus diarrhoea viruses in pigs using monoclonal antibodies.monoclonal antibodies against hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses were assayed on organ tissue sections of experimentally infected animals. the animals had been infected simultaneously with both viruses. the antibodies were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence test and an indirect enzyme immunoassay with a biotin/streptavidin/peroxidase detection system. a polyclonal hyperimmune serum was used as a control in direct immunofluorescence tests. both techniques based on monoclonal ...19892538980
aetiology of kawasaki disease.thirteen serum samples from nine children with kawasaki disease and 23 control samples gave negative results on screening for antibodies to hog cholera virus, border disease of sheep, bovine diarrhoea virus, and equine arteritis virus. the sera from two children with kawasaki disease were cytotoxic; a possible link with cytotoxin from propionibacterium acnes is considered.19892539788
application of peroxidase labelled antibody assays for detection of porcine igg antibodies to hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhea viruses.rapid, sensitive peroxidase labelled antibody (pla) assays using microtiter systems, were developed for detection of hog cholera virus (hcv) and cross-reacting bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antibodies in pig sera. hcv-infected pig kidney cell line (pk 15) prepared in microtiter plates were fixed and used in pla assays. after inoculation with test serum, bound antibodies (hcv/bvdv) were reacted with either horseradish peroxidase (hrp) conjugated anti-porcine immunoglobulin (h & l) or biotiny ...19892541152
[epidemic disease in a sheep herd with a possible relationship to a pestivirus].in connection with a case of epidemic disease with high morbidity and mortality in a flock of sheep, a pestivirus infection could be diagnosed. pathological-anatomical abnormalities were very similar to the character of bvd/md. scientific findings on pestivirus infections in sheep are discussed.19892541517
protection against respiratory infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus by passively acquired antibody.susceptibility to infection with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) was compared for calves with varying amounts of specific antibody in their sera passively acquired from the ingestion of colostrum. challenge consisted of intranasal exposure to a strain of bvdv isolated from an outbreak of respiratory disease. resistance to infection, as judged by nasopharyngeal shedding of virus, was directly related to the titre of neutralizing antibodies in sera. besides protecting against infection of the ...19892541531
n-terminal domains of putative helicases of flavi- and pestiviruses may be serine proteases.recently we tentatively identified, by sequence comparison, central domains of the ns3 proteins of flaviviruses and the respective portion of the pestivirus polyprotein as rna helicases (a.e.g. et al., submitted). alignment of the n-proximal domains of the same proteins revealed conservation of short sequence stretches resembling those around the catalytic ser, his and asp residues of chymotrypsin-like proteases. a statistically significant similarity has been detected between the sequences of t ...19892543956
experimental infection of cattle in early pregnancy with a cytopathic strain of bovine virus diarrhoea virus.nine pregnant heifers, in early gestation (63 to 107 days), were infected intranasally or in utero with cytopathic bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and each dam seroconverted. all nine calves developed to full term; four were stillborn, of which one had seroconverted but virus was not recovered from their tissues. one of the five liveborn calves appeared to have seroconverted in utero to an adventitious bvdv infection in late pregnancy but the remaining four were not viraemic and showed a nor ...19892544969
demonstration of bovine virus diarrhoea virus antigen in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue using a streptavidin/biotin technique.the detection of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antigen in sections from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue is described. pre-digestion of the sections with 0.02 per cent protease xiv for 18 hours at 4 degrees c is necessary to unmask formalin fixed antigen. a hyperimmune antiserum prepared in a pig, using a combination of bvdv and hog cholera virus inoculations, linked to a biotinylated anti-pig/streptavidin peroxidase detection system demonstrated antigen in a wide range of tissues ...19892544973
hog cholera virus--characterization of specific antiserum and identification of cdna clones.a specific antiserum was raised against the pestivirus inducing hog cholera (hog cholera virus, hcv). using immunoprecipitation and sds-page, this antiserum served for comparison of hcv-induced proteins with those from a related and better characterized pestivirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). in addition to immunological relationships, the apparent molecular weights of some proteins induced by both viruses were quite similar. hcv genomic rna was found to be about 12 kb in length, compara ...19892545029
evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus in milk.the present study shows that milk is an appropriate source for detection of seroreactors to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). there was close agreement between antibody titres in serum and in skim milk, as determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the antibody titres were usually lower in skim milk than in serum, but all seropositive cows (n = 84) were also skim milk-positive and all but one seronegative cow (n = 55) proved negative in skim milk. during lactation, the level ...19892546339
development of monoclonal neutralizing antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus after pretreatment of mice with normal bovine cells and cyclophosphamide.after immunization of mice with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) concentrated by ultracentrifugation only antibodies against normal cellular constituents were detectable. monoclonal and polyclonal anti-bvdv antibodies were obtained, however, after induction of tolerance against normal bovine cellular antigens by pretreatment of adult mice with bovine cells and cyclophosphamide followed by immunization with bvdv containing material.19892547817
detection of a trypsin-like serine protease domain in flaviviruses and pestiviruses.we propose through a sequence and structural-pattern analysis that a protein domain of undefined function encoded by the enveloped rna flavi- and pestivruses is a ser active-center enzyme related to the cellular trypsin family. a further homology is emphasized with the group of (cys active-center) viral proteases encoded by nonenveloped rna viruses of the picorna-, como-, nepo-, and potyvirus classes. structural modeling of the putative flaviviral protease domain suggests amino acids that are cr ...19892548336
specificity of neutralizing and precipitating antibodies induced in healthy calves by monovalent modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccines.serum was obtained at weekly intervals after vaccination of 6 healthy calves with either of 2 commercially available monovalent modified-live bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus vaccines. detectable neutralizing antibodies to each of 10 cytopathic and 10 noncytopathic isolates of bvd virus were produced by 1 or more of the calves by 14 days after vaccination, but no calf produced detectable neutralizing antibodies to all 20 bvd viruses. at that time, precipitating antibodies against viral-induced ...19892548419
comparative analysis of monoclonal antibodies against pestiviruses: report of an international workshop.thirty-three pestivirus strains were grown in cell culture and characterized by immunostaining with 19 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against hog cholera virus (hcv), with 42 mabs against bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and with 13 mabs against border disease virus (bdv). seven mabs reacted with all pestivirus strains tested, eight mabs detected only the seven hcv strains, three detected only the 16 bvdv strains. no mab was found that was specific for bdv. bvdv and bdv strains were broa ...19892549680
development of a neutralising antibody response to an inoculated cytopathic strain of bovine virus diarrhoea virus.fourteen clinically healthy cattle that were persistently infected with non-cytopathic bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and three bvdv-free cattle were inoculated with one of three cytopathic bvdv strains. mucosal disease developed in 12 of the viraemic cattle, resulting in a moribund condition 17 to 99 days after inoculation. two of the viraemic cattle remained clinically healthy until the end of the experiment, 14 months after inoculation. the bvdv-free cattle did not develop clinical signs ...19892552639
characterization of porcine and some ruminant pestiviruses by cross-neutralization.serologic relationships between 11 pestivirus strains that originated from pigs and five that originated from cattle or sheep were studied by cross-neutralization. experiments were performed with pig and sheep sera raised against the strains. the results were analysed by a computerized taxonomic procedure. the 16 viruses were classified into four distinct serologic groups. all hog cholera virus (hcv) strains were classified in one group; the other three groups consisted of strains that can infec ...19892552645
demonstration of bovine viral diarrhoea virus antigens in cell cultures and in paraffin-embedded tissue sections by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) technique using monoclonal antibodies. 19892556905
detergent solubilised bovine viral diarrhea virus elicits a similar immune response as the inactivated virus.the immune response to two detergent solubilised preparations of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) proteins were compared with the response to a chemically inactivated bvdv preparation. the antibody titres were measured with the standard immunofluorescence assay and with a newly developed enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the range of viral protein specificity of the antibodies was compared using sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) followed by western blot analysis. the r ...19892558836
a perspective on the pestiviruses. 19892559695
antigenic differentiation of pestivirus strains with monoclonal antibodies against hog cholera virus.thirty-one bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) or border disease virus (bdv) strains and 94 hog cholera virus (hcv) strains were grown in cell culture, and characterized by immunostaining with 13 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and one polyclonal serum (pab) against hcv. all 125 strains were recognized by the pab. none of the bvdv or bdv strains were detected by the 13 mabs. seven mabs detected all 94 hcv strains. six other mabs detected heterogeneity among and within hcv strains. the mabs are usef ...19892560281
[research on antibodies against bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, rotavirus and coronavirus in cattle in western zaire: complementary results].two-hundred bovine sera from western zaire were screened for antibodies to 8 viruses: bhv-1, bhv-2, bhv-4, bvd-md virus, bovine adenovirus a and b, bovine rotavirus and bovine coronavirus. positive sera were found to all these viruses. for animals whose origin was undoubted, the main features were the high prevalence of infections by rotavirus and bhv-4 and the low prevalence of infections by coronavirus and bvd-md virus.19892560579
bovine pestivirus and human infection. 19892562871
infantile gastroenteritis associated with excretion of pestivirus antigens.faeces from children under 2 years old who had gastroenteritis that could not be attributed to recognised enteric pathogens were examined with a monoclonal-antibody-based immunoassay for pestivirus antigens. such antigens were detected in 30 of 128 episodes of gastroenteritis. children without diarrhoeal disease and children infected with rotaviruses had little evidence of pestivirus infection (faeces positive in 1 of 28 and 1 of 31, respectively). the diarrhoeal disease in children excreting pe ...19892564059
peroxidase-labeled primary antibody method for detection of pestivirus contamination in cell cultures.contaminating bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus in cell cultures and in fetal bovine serum (fbs) is a well recognized problem. this study describes a direct peroxidase (dp) labeled primary antibody method for detection of pestivirus antigens in cell culture that is simple and reliable. using this method, most bovine and porcine cell cultures, a cat lung, four mosquito and two monkey cell cultures were found contaminated with bvd virus. the rodent and human cell cultures tested were negative by t ...19892574184
an outbreak of mucosal disease in a dairy herd.an outbreak of mucosal disease (md) was studied in a dairy herd, comprising 12 cows, 9 heifers and 18 calves. during a period of 1 month, six 5 to 8 month-old calves showed typical signs of md. they all died or were killed in extremis after 2-8 days with progressively worsening clinical signs. post mortem lesions were examined in one calf. non-cytopathogenic md virus was isolated from serum or tissues from 3 clinically affected calves and from 1 healthy heifer. all cows and heifers except for th ...19892629507
the ultrastructure of cell cultures infected with border disease and bovine virus diarrhoea viruses.the morphology of border disease virus and bovine virus diarrhoea virus in infected bovine embryonic testis cells was examined by electron microscopy. particles which appeared to be mature virions of both viruses were similar, being roughly circular and approximately 46 nm in diameter with a 20 to 25 nm core. virus replication took place totally within the cytoplasm in association with structures formed from modified endoplasmic reticulum.19872821174
comparison of methods for concentration and purification of bovine viral diarrhea virus.the nadl strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was concentrated by hollow fiber ultrafiltration or polyethylene glycol and purified by centrifugation through sucrose or potassium tartrate gradients. the protein content of polyethylene glycol concentrates was much lower than that of ultrafiltration concentrates. conversely, recoveries of infectivity were greater using polyethylene glycol (100%) as compared to ultrafiltration (50%). sucrose or potassium tartrate density gradients appeared c ...19872822746
the use of monoclonal antibodies in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus. 19872825449
[production of high titrating antisera against bvd virus from swine and its use for direct immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase technics]. 19872827985
[etiologic relation between bvd virus infections in cattle and cases with clinical suspicion of bovine virus diarrhea]. 19872827986
[consequences of the transplacental transmission of bvd virus to cattle fetuses]. 19872827987
[transmission of pestiviruses between animal species: experimental infection of swine with the virus of bovine virus diarrhea (bvd) and of cattle with the virus of european swine fever (esp)]. 19872827988
frequency of persistent infection of cattle with bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus in epidemic areas. 19872828731
neutralizing antibody development following sequential inoculation of pigs with strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus and hog cholera virus. 19872830743
high-performance liquid chromatographic separation and immunological characterization of soluble bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen.sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis of the protein extracts from bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv, singer strain) infected primary calf testicle cells (soluble antigen) showed the presence of four virus specific polypeptides of 105, 90, 84 and 67 kilodaltons (kd) the 84-kd being the most abundant. anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) of soluble antigen separated the virus specific polypeptides in individual peaks while the ...19882832429
monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity segregate isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus into groups. brief report.isolates of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus were differentiated by monoclonal antibodies (moabs) reactive with the 56 kd viral polypeptide. patterns of neutralizing activity of the moabs indicate that multiple epitopes are involved in virus neutralization.19882833200
immunofluorescence of bovine virus diarrhea viral antigen in white blood cells from experimentally infected immunocompetent calves.a study to evaluate the detection of bovine virus diarrhea viral antigen using immunofluorescence testing of white blood cells was conducted. five colostrum-deprived calves were inoculated intravenously with a cytopathic strain of the virus. lymphocyte and buffy coat smears were prepared daily for direct immunofluorescent staining for detection of antigen. lymphocytes were separated from heparinized blood using a ficoll density procedure. buffy coat smears were prepared from centrifuged blood sa ...19882836047
detection of cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus in cell culture with an immunoperoxidase test.bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen was detected in cell culture with an indirect immunoperoxidase (ip) procedure using a specific monoclonal antibody, and an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. cytopathic and noncytopathic strains of the virus showed similar patterns of ip staining until 3 days post-infection. at six days post-infection, intensity of staining decreased in cell cultures infected with noncytopathic virus, but not with cytopathic virus. the ip procedure detected bvdv antigen ...19882836466
a genetic, pathological and virological study of congenital hypotrichosis and incisor anodontia in cattle.two friesian cows, half-sibs by a common dam, produced four bull calves with severe congenital hypotrichosis and incisor anodontia and three normal heifers by six unrelated holstein, friesian, devon and hereford bulls. the two dams, and their dam, had coats of a short, stubbly nature and the pigmented areas appeared rusty grey rather than black. pathological examination of skin samples taken from multiple standardised sites from two of the affected calves showed a reduction in the number of larg ...19882836985
identification of hog cholera viral isolates by use of monoclonal antibodies to pestiviruses.a collection of 90 field isolates of hog cholera virus (hcv) was used to test the specificity of four hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against pestiviruses. reaction of virus isolates and monoclonal antibodies was controlled by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). two monoclonal antibodies which had been generated against hc virus strain "alfort 187" were reactive only with hcv field isolates and an hcv reference strain but not with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) ...19882837867
survey on the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3) in ruminants in the djibouti republic. 19882838248
influence of interferons alpha i1 and gamma and of tumour necrosis factor on persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus in vitro.non-cytopathic strains of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) readily establish persistent infections in cells of bovine origin. the involvement of endogenous interferon (ifn) on the maintenance of the infection level, as well as the effect of exogenous ifn and tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha), was studied. although exogenous ifn suppressed the spread and replication of virus, it did not cure the infection, even when continuously present over many cell passages. tnf-alpha alone had no an ...19882838577
molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus.the rna genome of the cytopathic nadl isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has been molecularly cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. the cloned sequence was 12,573 nucleotides in length, corresponding to a molecular weight of 4.3 x 10(6), having a base composition of 32.2% a, 25.7% g, 22.1% u, and 20.0% c. however, the sequences at the 5' and 3' termini of the rna have not been unequivocally established. a single major open reading frame extending the length of the molecule wa ...19882838957
proteins encoded by bovine viral diarrhea virus: the genomic organization of a pestivirus.the genome of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) contains a single large open reading frame capable of encoding 449 kda of protein. short segments from along the length of the molecularly cloned bvdv genome were engineered so as to be expressed as bacterial fusion polypeptides in escherichia coli. these bvdv analog fusion proteins were used as immunogens to generate a panel of sequence-specific antisera. these antiserum reagents were in turn employed in immunoprecipitation analyses to identify t ...19882838958
[the occurrence of antibodies against bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease virus (border disease) in sheep]. 19882840047
prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus in tanzanian cattle.a serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus was conducted on 419 bovine serum samples originating from 18 of 20 regions (except mwanza and shinyanga) of the tanzania mainland. the sera were a small proportion of samples collected for the appraisal of immune response to rinderpest vaccination. the survey indicated that the virus is prevalent in cattle populations and approximately 12% of sera tested contained demonstrable ...19882840761
selection of an appropriate pestivirus strain for border disease serodiagnosis. 19882842926
growth of rinderpest and bovine virus diarrhoea viruses in theileria parva infected lymphoblastoid cell lines. 19882844014
production of monoclonal antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus and their reactivity with selected pestivirus isolates. 19882844042
viral and viral protein specificity of antibodies induced in cows persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus after vaccination with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus.neutralizing and nonneutralizing antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus were detected in 3 cows persistently infected with noncytopathic bvd virus after vaccination with modified-live cytopathic bvd virus. neutralizing antibodies detected in serum samples from each persistently infected cow at 3 weeks after vaccination were highly specific for certain isolates of cytopathic bvd virus and reacted only with a viral protein with a molecular weight of 53,000. neutralizing antibodies to 1 of ...19882844105
comparisons of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhoea virus with members of the flaviviridae.the molecular features of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), a member of the pestivirus genus currently classified in the togaviridae, were examined for characteristics resembling those of the flaviviridae family. like flaviviruses, bvdv possesses a single-stranded rna genome (approx. 4.3 x 10(6) mr) deficient in a 3' poly(a) tract. this rna has a single open reading frame spanning the length of the genome in the viral rna sense (positive polarity), implying an expression strategy involving th ...19882844971
transmission of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) by artificial insemination (ai) with semen from a persistently-infected bull.twelve heifers that did not have antibodies to bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were inseminated with semen from a bull that was persistently infected with the virus and contained 10(4.0)-10(6.5) tcid50 0.1 ml-1. all 12 became infected, as indicated by seroconversion within 2 weeks of insemination. four control heifers were inseminated with virus-free semen. the virus was not transmitted to these animals in spite of close contact with the heifers inseminated with the infected semen. all the h ...19882845636
effect in vitro of bovine viral diarrhea virus on bovine embryos with the zona pellucida intact, damaged and removed.the in vitro effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) on the survival of day 7 to day 7.5 bovine embryos collected from superovulated donors was studied. fifty-four experimental embryos with the zona pellucida (zp) intact, damaged or removed were exposed to 1 x 10(4) tcd50/ml of the nadl cytopathic strain of bvdc at 37 degrees c for 24 hrs and compared to 36 control embryos that were cultured for 24 hr. seven embryos with the zp-removed were similarly exposed for 48 hrs and compared to five ...19882845638
bvd-virus infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from persistently viraemic calves studied by correlative immunoelectron microscopy. 19882847450
natural infections of pigs with bovine viral diarrhoea virus associated with signs resembling swine fever.between 1976 and 1985 while using immunofluorescence in the laboratory diagnosis of swine fever (sf), 13 incidents of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infection were detected in the netherlands. ultimate differentiation between swine fever virus (sfv) and bvdv was based on herd evidence supported by comparative antibody studies on sera from pigs inoculated with the isolate and from contact pigs in the herd of origin, using reference strains of sfv and bvdv. recently differentiation of sfv and ...19882848298
bovine viral diarrhoea virus infections in piglets born to sows vaccinated against swine fever with contaminated vaccine.on eight farms a congenital pestivirus infection in piglets was detected which could be traced to vaccination of the dams against swine fever (sf). viruses isolated from the piglets were not recognised by monoclonal antibodies (mcas) against swine fever virus (sfv) and were shown to be bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) or border disease virus. the expected 'chinese' strain of sfv could not be demonstrated in the batch of vaccine that had been used on these farms. instead, a contaminating pesti ...19882848299
molecular cloning of complementary dna from a pneumopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus and its diagnostic application.a pneumopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus was grown in cell culture and purified. genomic ribonucleic acid was extracted, polyadenylated at the 3' end, and copied into complementary dna after oligo-dt priming. complementary dna was male double stranded and cloned into the puc9 plasmid. approximately 200 complementary dna clones varying in length from 0.5 to 2.5 kilobases were obtained. hybridization assays indicated that the sequences isolated were specific for bovine viral diarrhea v ...19882848623
bvd virus antigens in tissues of persistently viraemic, clinically normal cattle: implications for the pathogenesis of clinically fatal disease. 19882849295
the application of monoclonal antibody panels to characterize pestivirus isolates from ruminants in great britain.monoclonal antibodies were prepared against bovine virus diarrhoea virus and hog cholera virus. they were used to test 101 field isolates of ruminant pestivirus in a simple binding assay using an indirect immunoperoxidase label on fixed cell cultures. the monoclonals were divided into three panels: (1) pestivirus group specific, (2) hog cholera specific, (3) selectively reactive with ruminant pestiviruses. the reaction patterns with panel 3 were analyzed by a computer spreadsheet to determine th ...19882849388
contamination of a live virus vaccine against pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) by an ovine pestivirus pathogen for the pig. 19882852911
possible role of pestiviruses in microcephaly. 19872882354
comparison of the pneumopathogenicity of two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus.the pneumopathogenicity in calves of 2 strains of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, isolate 2724 (a noncytopathogenic virus) and isolate 72 (a cytopathogenic virus), was compared. all calves were inoculated endobronchially, using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. two calves were given pasteurella haemolytica, 2 calves were given the noncytopathogenic bvd virus, and 2 calves were given cytopathogenic bvd virus. five calves were inoculated sequentially with bvd virus and, 5 days later, with p haemolytica. ...19852982295
susceptibility of various cell culture systems to bovine viral diarrhea virus.a comparative study was carried out on the susceptibility of primary bovine embryo kidney (pbek) cell cultures and those of three other cell culture systems, i.e., primary calf testicle (pct) cells and two cell lines, one of which originated from bovine embryonic trachea (ebtr) and the other from buffalo lung (imr-31), to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus. the virus titers obtained in the three culture systems under study did not differ significantly from those of pbek cells. moreover, the growt ...19852983178
effect of maternal antibody upon vaccination with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine virus diarrhea vaccines.this report presents the normal rate of decay of maternal antibody and the influence of maternal antibody on responses to a single vaccination with modified-live bovine virus diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus vaccines at 196 days of age and on response to vaccinations with the same vaccines given twice at 84 and 196 days of age. passive immunity decreased to near zero over the first six months of life for both bovine virus diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis control ...19852985214
adjuvant enhancement of humoral immune response to chemically inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus.potentiation of the antibody response to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus by immunological adjuvants was studied in guinea pigs and cattle. the inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus alone was demonstrated to be a weak immunogen. addition of either 2 mg per ml diethylaminoethyl-dextran or 5% alhydrogel to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus did not or only slightly stimulated the antibody response; the combined adjuvants induced a significantly higher titer. a higher concentration (2 ...19852985217
isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus from the spleen of cattle acutely and chronically affected with bovine viral diarrhea.both cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were isolated from 16 of 17 bovine spleens representing 11 herds that had experienced acute bvd and from 12 of 21 bovine spleens from 1 herd affected with chronic bvd. it was concluded that isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bvdv from the same spleen probably indicates that an animal with a persistent, noncytopathic bvdv infection was superinfected with a cytopathic bvdv. the prevalence (greater than 70%) of 2 viruses in ...19852985526
severe clinical disease induced in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus by superinfection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus.eight healthy cattle that were persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were inoculated with cell culture fluids that contained noncytopathic or cytopathic bvdv. a severe disease occurred after inoculation with cytopathic bvdv. the clinical signs, lesions, and immune response were consistent with those of clinical bvdv infections.19852986494
release of immunosuppressive substances from tissue culture cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus.bovine fetal lung tissue culture cells were infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. the cells released substances into the supernatant fluid that suppressed the proliferative response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells which had been stimulated with concanavalin a. activity could be found in low molecular weight fractions (less than or equal to 2,000 daltons). during the assay, these fractions were required to inhibit the response of leukocytes to concanavalin a. addition of indomet ...19852990265
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus in bovine sera.a specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was established for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in bovine sera. polyethylene-glycol concentrated, equilibrium density gradient purified bvdv was used as test antigen at an optimal amount of 1 microgram/well, whereas the optimal concentration of conjugate was at 1/2000 dilution. the standardized test encountered no non-specific reaction with test sera at a starting dilution of 1/10. a total of ...19852994278
an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in cattle sera.a microtitre elisa has been established for the quantitation of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). single dilutions of sera were assayed and units of antibody were calculated from a standard curve. in order to detect the maximum number of responding animals both igg1 and igg2 antibody should be assayed, although detection of igg1 alone was nearly as effective. the elisa was as sensitive as the virus neutralization test for detection of antibody; comparison of an elisa that detect ...19852994279
screening for neutralizing antibodies against hog cholera- and/or bovine viral diarrhea virus in danish pigs. 19852994428
prevalence of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 1 (ibr-ipv), bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine respiratory syncytial parainfluenza 3, adeno a and adeno b viruses in indigenous and imported moroccan cattle.a serological survey on prevalence of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 1 (ibr-ipv) bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine respiratory syncytial, parainfluenza 3, adeno a and b viruses was performed in 524 cattle from different areas and management conditions in morocco. general antibody prevalence was 62.8, 48.5, 70.4, 68.1, 9.0 and 12.4, for the six viruses, respectively. higher prevalence and high antibody titers to most of the investigated viruses were found among cattle from extensive management syst ...19852998260
togaviridae.the family togaviridae comprises four genera: alphavirus (with 26 species), rubivirus (one species), pestivirus (three species), and arterivirus (one species). the main characteristics of the member viruses are: (i) the virus particles are spherical, 50-70 nm in diameter, including an envelope with surface projections that incorporate two or three polypeptides, usually glycosylated; (ii) the nucleocapsid comprises a core protein and a single strand of positive-sense rna, molecular weight about 4 ...19852999027
bovine virus diarrhoea vaccine. 19853000055
[cultivation of bovine pestivirus in organ culture].attempts were made to culture strains of the bovine pestivirus in organ cultures of tracheal rings. contrary to other scientists the authors used roller organ cultures of calf tracheal rings. the development of the virus in the cultures was judged by its presence in the maintaining medium through elisa or by titration in cell cultures of fetal calf kidney. it was found that the two strains tested could be replicated in organ cultures of calf trachea, the intensity of multiplication being stronge ...19853002009
response of cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus to vaccination for bovine viral diarrhea and to subsequent challenge exposure with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus.nine steers persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus were allotted into 3 groups (3 cattle/group). cattle in group a were vaccinated with a modified-live bvd virus vaccine of porcine cell origin, cattle in group b with a modified-live bvd virus vaccine of bovine cell origin, and cattle in group c with a killed bvd virus vaccine of bovine cell origin. detrimental effects due to vaccination were not seen. six weeks after vaccination, the steers were challenge expo ...19853002214
seroepizootiology of types 3 and 7 adenoviruses and bovine viral diarrhea virus infections of beef cattle from birth to first parturition.twenty-nine female angus cattle were monitored from birth until 24 months of age for infection with types 3 and 7 adenoviruses (av3, av7) and bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus by virus isolation and neutralization tests. twenty-seven animals remained in the study for 450 days, whereas 16 animals remained at the conclusion of the tests. viruses were not isolated from test animals. seroepizootiologic examination indicated that there were 28 infections with av3, 33 infections with av7, and 13 infec ...19863008611
some antigenic and cultural properties of border disease and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses.in vitro comparison of the replication cycles of three strains of border disease virus and one strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus showed similar growth curve patterns and a tendency of cell-free virus to exceed cell-associated virus. each virus was antigenically distinguishable from the others in cross-neutralisation tests.19863012858
a technique to obviate the risk of inadvertent infection of cell cultures with bovine viral diarrhoea virus.when bovine embryonic kidneys collected at the gorgie abattoir, edinburgh were examined for evidence of infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), 11 out of 26 kidneys were found to be positive. a technique that detected the presence of inadvertent bvdv in cell cultures consisted of processing and digesting the kidneys to produce cell suspensions, adding dimethyl sulphoxide and dispersing the suspensions in small aliquots that were stored frozen at - 114 degrees c. one aliquot was cultu ...19863013952
[rapid peroxidase test for demonstrating the bovine pestivirus in cell cultures].different variants were tested of the immunoperoxidase method for the demonstration of the mucous disease-virus diarrhoea agent in infected cells with the use of a specific conjugated antiserum. it was found that the virus could be specifically demonstrated in infected cell cultures. the test proved rapid and readily applicable.19863014716
[experiments to culture the bovine pestivirus in heterologous cell cultures].attempts were made to adapt a strain of the bovine pestivirus to cell cultures of swine kidney in a series of 15 passages. the adaptation of the virus was followed up through the production of a cytopathic effect, through comparative investigations, and by means of cytologic preparations. it was found that the cytopathic effect induced and the titer of the virus grew with increasing the number of the serial passages. immunofluorescence and cytologic data showed the progressive development of the ...19863014717
cellular inflammatory response in the lungs of calves exposed to bovine viral diarrhea virus, mycoplasma bovis, and pasteurella haemolytica.three, 5, or 7 days after inoculation with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus (n = 12) or mycoplasma bovis (n = 12), groups of calves were exposed to aerosols of pasteurella haemolytica and were euthanatized 4 hours later. histologic lesions in the lungs and the ratios of neutrophils to alveolar macrophages, collected by bronchoalveolar lavage, were compared with those of clinically healthy calves (n = 8) and calves inoculated with bvd virus only (n = 4), m bovis only (n = 4), or p haemolytica on ...19863014929
evidence for an immunocompromising effect of bovine pestivirus on bovid herpesvirus 1 vaccination.five calves were given live intranasal vaccine against bovid herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) two days after intranasal inoculation of bovine pestivirus (bvdv). another 5 were vaccinated in the absence of bvdv. control unvaccinated groups were also maintained. all calves were challenged with virulent bhv1. the unvaccinated calves developed signs of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) and both vaccinated groups showed a similar degree of clinical protection from ibr. those given bvdv before vaccination s ...19863016976
[immunofluorescence demonstration of bovine pestivirus].a high-titer hiperimmune calf serum was obtained via the manifold hyperimmunization with local strains of the bovine pestivirus, cultivated in homologous cell cultures. its globulin fractions were treated with fluorescein isothiocyanate to produce a specific conjugate. the specificity of the immunofluorescent serum was demonstrated through the comparative study of cell cultures infected with various viruses. the method worked out was employed to investigate tissue cross sections from diseased ca ...19863020775
neutralization kinetics of bovine viral diarrhea virus by hyperimmune serum: one or multi-hit mechanism.the kinetics of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus neutralization (vn) by hyperimmune serum followed first order kinetics at low dilutions (1:8 and 1:16) of hyperimmune bovine serum. a lag phase in the vn curve occurred when the serum was further diluted. addition of rabbit anti-bovine igg, but not anti-igm, significantly increased the degree of vn after bvd virus was reacted with further diluted (1:256 dilution) anti-bvd bovine hyperimmune serum. incubation of virus-hyperimmune serum (1:64 dilut ...19863021386
preliminary serological characterization of bovine viral diarrhoea virus strains using monoclonal antibodies.five monoclonal antibodies against the bovine viral diarrhoea (bvd) viral strain nadl were isolated and characterized by an indirect immunofluorescence assay. extensive cross-reactions were detected when the antibodies were tested with 12 heterologous bvd and four hog cholera (hc) viral strains. one antibody reacted with all strains tested. two antibodies were specific for cytopathogenic bvd viruses, but failed to react with hc virus. the other antibodies reacted to varying degrees with bvd and ...19863022462
a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for bovine virus diarrhoea virus serology. 19863022502
development of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of bovine serum antibody to bovine viral diarrhoea virus.an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect antibody to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in bovine serum. the elisa results were compared with those of the serum neutralisation test (snt) using serums from 6 experimentally infected calves bled at intervals from 0 to 154 days postinfection and 886 field samples. the optical density (od) produced by a single dilution of test serum was compared with a standard curve and the result expressed in elisa units. despite wide v ...19863026300
[bvd (bovine virus diarrhea) and ibr (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis): serologic studies on 35 farms].1099 female cattle from 35 farms in the provinces of north brabant, gelderland and overijssel were examined for the presence of antibodies against bovine virus diarrhoea (bvd) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) by serum neutralisation tests. one of the farms examined was seronegative for bvd and 11 farms were seronegative for ibr. on the seropositive farms about 50% of cattle carrying their first calf had not experienced infection i.e. were seronegative (bvd 51.2%, ibr 48.3%). after cal ...19863027917
[development of elisa for demonstrating antibodies to the swine pestivirus].an indirect variant of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with the classic form of swine fever has been worked out. the test makes it possible to assess the level of antibodies with a great number of animals over a short period of time with no special equipment. the method has proved promising in taking prophylactic measures.19863027960
safety and efficacy of a combined parapox/bvd vaccine.the combination of a bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease-attenuated vaccine strain with heat-inactivated parapoxvirus was tested with respect to safety and efficacy in mice, rabbits and fattening calves. the safety on this vaccine was guaranteed in mice and rabbits under laboratory conditions and in calves under field conditions. laboratory investigations demonstrated a strong anti-bvd antibody response in rabbits compared to antibody formation after vaccination with the monovalent bvd-vaccine ...19863030862
competitive and blocking enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of fetal bovine serum antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus.a competitive blocking enzyme-linked immunoassay (celia) was developed to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antibodies in undiluted fetal bovine serum (fbs). the celia was based on competition of serum bvdv antibodies with biotin-labelled anti-bvdv immunoglobulins (ig) for a limited quantity of solid-phase bvdv antigen. antigen preparation was simple, fbs could be tested undiluted, and detergent-containing washes were unnecessary. a series of dilutions of postnatal bovine bvdv antiserum ...19873031112
detection of bovine virus diarrhea virus in cell culture using an immunoperoxidase technique.an indirect immunoperoxidase staining technique was developed for identifying cell cultures infected with bovine virus diarrhea virus. infected cell monolayers stained intensely while uninfected monolayers remained colorless. immunoperoxidase staining was as sensitive as direct immunofluorescence in detecting endpoint dilutions of virus suspensions. using the immunoperoxidase technique, infected monolayers were detectable by macroscopic, as well as microscopic, observation.19873031874
experimentally induced ovine border disease: extensive hypomyelination with minimal viral antigen in neonatal spinal cord.border disease (bd) was experimentally induced in 9 lambs by inoculation of their dams with the bd-31 strain of border disease virus (bdv) at 50 days of gestation. these ewes developed serum-neutralizing antibody titers to bdv. the diagnosis of bd in their lambs was confirmed by hairy birthcoats, intrauterine growth retardation, tremors, and hypomyelination. three clinically healthy age-matched control lambs, whose dams had been given an inoculum containing only bdv-free cell culture supernatant ...19873032028
[bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) as the cause of calf mortality among cattle breeding stock in the wesermarsch district]. 19873032559
cell-protective monoclonal antibodies to bovine enterovirus-3 and partial or no activity against other serotypes.preparation of monoclonal antibodies to bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) yielded some hybridoma cells that secreted monoclonal antibodies against the madin-darby bovine kidney cells. the anti-cellular monoclonal antibodies reacted with other bovine cells (bovine turbinate and testicle) but not with cell lines derived from other animal species. subclones derived from one hybridoma partially blocked the infectivity of bvdv, possibly through the binding of the monoclonal antibodies with an epitop ...19873033333
differences in virus-induced polypeptides in cells infected by cytopathic and noncytopathic biotypes of bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease virus.two biotypes of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus are present in nature: one that induces cytopathology in infected bovine cells and the other that infects cells without overt cytopathology. infections with both types of virus yield similar amounts of infectious progeny virus. field and laboratory isolates of both biotypes of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus were analyzed by radioimmunoprecipitation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of infected cell extracts. the noncytopathic bi ...19873033887
Displaying items 101 - 200 of 912