Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| isolation and characterization of cytopathic strains of rotavirus from hares (lepus europaeus). | ten cytopathic rotavirus were recovered from stools of leverets affected by an enteric syndrome. the ten isolates, examined by means of elisa and sds-pa-ge, were identified as group a rotaviruses. | 1997 | 9208423 |
| nonneutral evolution of tandem repeats in the mitochondrial dna control region of lagomorphs. | the mitochondrial dna of the european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) contains a tandem array of 153-bp repeats in the vicinity of the replication origin of the h-stand. variation among molecules in the number of these repeats results in inter- and intraindividual length polymorphism (heteroplasmy). generally, in an individual, one predominant molecular type is observed, the others representing a low percentage of the mtdna content. at the tissue level, we observe a particular distribution of thi ... | 1997 | 9254915 |
| [seasonal changes in the female reproductive apparatus of lepus europaeus (p) in a population from the rural area of rio cuarto (cordoba-argentina)]. | in this paper, the reproductive cycle of the european hare, lepus europaeus, was studied during a complete annual period in females of a population from the southern region of the province of cordoba. the animals were captured monthly. age, corporal and ovarian weights were determined, and the ovaries were fixed in bouin and processed by current histological techniques. during the period from july to february, the mean corporal weight was 3.70 kg +/- 0.15. the ovaries showed follicles in differe ... | 1997 | 10436611 |
| applicability of rabbit microsatellite primers for studies of hybridisation between an introduced and a native hare species. | introduced species may hybridise with relatives in the native fauna or flora and thereby compete for matings and transmit alien dna. such interference may contaminate unique genepools, disturb existing ecological balances and may ultimately result in the extinction of the native species. in sweden, the introduced brown hare (lepus europaeus pall.) hybridise with the native mountain hare (l. timidus l.), both relatively common members of the present swedish fauna. this hybridisation has resulted ... | 1999 | 10509140 |
| detection of francisella tularensis in biological specimens using a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an immunochromatographic handheld assay, and a pcr. | the early detection of francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is important for adequate treatment by antibiotics and the outcome of the disease. here we describe a new capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) based on monoclonal antibodies specific for lipopolysaccharide (lps) of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica and francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis. no cross-reactivity with francisella tularensis subsp. novicida, francisella philomiragia, and a panel ... | 2000 | 10618283 |
| excretion of corticosteroids in urine and faeces of hares (lepus europaeus). | increased production of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex is found in mammals under stress. as cortisol itself is absent in the faeces, an enzyme immunoassay (11-oxoaetiocholanolone) measuring 11,17-dioxoandrostanes has already been established to measure faecal cortisol metabolites in ruminants for non-invasive monitoring of adrenocortical activity. the aim of this study was to establish route and delay of excretion of glucocorticoids in hares and to determine whether a cortisol-, corticost ... | 2000 | 10791576 |
| position and histological structure of the testes in the brown hare (lepus europaeus) during seasonal regression and recrudescence. | the position and histological structure of the testes of 33 brown hares (lepus europaeus) were studied from july to december. from july to september, the testes were located in the scrotum; in october and november, in some animals, the testes were positioned more or less in the inguinal canal towards the abdominal cavity, and in december none of the investigated animals had testes located in the scrotum. testes were weighed and a quantitative analysis of tissue components was performed: the diam ... | 2000 | 10932383 |
| fatal toxoplasmosis in brown hares (lepus europaeus): possible reasons of their high susceptibility to the infection. | brown hares (lepus europaeus) trapped in the countryside and domestic rabbits were experimentally infected with toxoplasma gondii (k7 strain) oocysts. hares (n=12) were divided into groups of 4 and infected with 10, 10(3) and 10(5) oocysts. rabbits (n=12) were infected in the same way. the experimentally infected animals were monitored for 33 days after infection (p.i.). most of the infected hares demonstrated behavioural changes, and all of them died between 8 and 19 days p.i. three of the rabb ... | 2000 | 11027857 |
| new genetic variation in european hares, lepus granatensis and l. europaeus. | six genetic polymorphisms for the iberian hare (lepus granatensis) and four for the brown hare (l. europaeus) are newly described. the genetic variation of peptidases b (pepb) and c (pepc), hemoglobin alpha chain (hba), hemopexin (hpx), vitamin d binding protein (gc), and properdin factor b (bf) was assessed by conventional electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing in carrier ampholytes and hybrid ph gradients. six alleles were detected in pepb, three in pepc, four in hba, six in gc, five in hpx, ... | 2000 | 11100268 |
| characterization of four species of trichuris (nematoda: enoplida) by their second internal transcribed spacer ribosomal dna sequence. | adult worms of trichuris ovis and t. globulosa were collected from ovis aries (sheep) and capra hircus (goats). t. suis was isolated from sus scrofa domestica (swine) and t. leporis was isolated from lepus europaeus (rabbits) in spain. genomic dna was isolated and a ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its2) was amplified and sequenced using polymerase-chain-reaction (pcr) techniques. the its2 of t. ovis and t. globulosa was 407 nucleotides in length and had a gc content of about 62%. furtherm ... | 2000 | 11133103 |
| helminth fauna of the hare (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778) in the southern part of belarus. | facts about helminth fauna of hares have not been published in belarus since 1972. results of helminthological studies of 22 hare carcasses carried out between 1985 and 1999 in the southern part of belarus are presented. | 2001 | 11199857 |
| [causes of death, zoonoses, and reproduction in the european brown hare in switzerland]. | to elucidate the importance of different causes of mortality which could explain the downward trend of the hare populations in switzerland and for monitoring selected zoonoses, the health and reproductive status of 167 perished brown hares (lepus europaeus) was assessed. concerning causes of mortality, traumas were by far the most frequent diagnosis, 80% of the hares dying because of injuries. animals killed by road traffic were highly represented. predators (such as dogs, domestic cats, lynx, m ... | 2001 | 11344944 |
| apoptosis and proliferation in the testes of the brown hare (lepus europaeus) under the influence of photoperiod. | brown hare is a seasonal breeding mammal and under the influence of photoperiod the spermatogenesis ceases during autumn months - most markedly in september and october. testis samples from 34 animals, sacrificed between july and december were fixed in bouin solution, embedded in paraffin, subjected to immunohistochemistry and analysed by light microscopy. tunel (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d'utp nick end labeling) method was applied to detect apoptosis, anti pcna (proliferati ... | 2001 | 11678323 |
| european brown hare syndrome in free-ranging european brown and mountain hares from switzerland. | from 1997 to 2000, complete necropsy and histopathologic investigations were performed on 157 free-ranging european brown hares (lepus europaeus) found dead throughout switzerland. organ samples of all these individuals (157 livers and 107 spleens available) were tested for european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv)-antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test kit. furthermore, 60 additional blood samples were tested for antibodies against ebhsv by elisa. in addition, liver samples ... | 2001 | 11763744 |
| the effect of dietary fat content on lactation energetics in the european hare (lepus europaeus). | european hares selectively feed on plants with high fat and hence energy content. we hypothesized that these dietary requirements limit the ability of hares to adjust daily food intake during periods of high energy requirements, namely lactation. our measurements in captive lactating females show that does kept on a low-fat diet increased food intake compared to does on a high-fat diet but assimilated significantly lower amounts of energy. further, does fed a low-fat diet showed a prolonged rise ... | 2008 | 11880974 |
| postnatal development and thermoregulation in the precocial european hare (lepus europaeus). | we investigated postnatal development of captive juvenile european hares (lepus europaeus) with respect to growth, food intake and thermoregulation. leverets increased their body weight on average 8.5-fold within 35 days, with a peak in relative growth rate on day 8. although leverets started to take up solid food in the 2nd week of lactation, milk was the main energy source. leverets of larger litters (two or three young) had less energy supply via milk than those of smaller litters (one young) ... | 2002 | 11916113 |
| [the isolation of dhori viruses (orthomyxoviridae, thogotovirus) and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (bunyaviridae, nairovirus) from the hare (lepus europaeus) and its ticks hyalomma marginatum in the middle zone of the volga delta, astrakhan region, 2001]. | in august, 2001, in the middle zone of the delta of the volga river, the astrakhan region, during investigation of the natural foci of west nile fever and crimean--congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf), the material from the hare (lepus europaeus, pallas, 1778 (lagomorpha, leporidae) and collected from it the ticks hyalomna marginatum koch 1844, was obtained. 4 strains of dhori virus (orthomyxoviridae, thogotovirus) and 2 strains of cchf virus (bunyaviridae, nairovirus) were isolated. this is the first ... | 2002 | 12271723 |
| assessment of genetic structure of greek brown hare (lepus europaeus) populations based on variation in random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd). | the rapd method was used to assess the genetic differentiation of brown hare (lepus europaeus) populations from central greece. greek wild populations were compared with samples from austria, poland, germany, france, and bulgaria, as well as with reared/released hares to investigate the impact of the releases on the native populations' genetic structure. the absence of diagnostic bands distinguishing between l. europaeus populations confirmed the high level of gene flow between brown hare popula ... | 2002 | 12392170 |
| the current and future management of wild mammals hunted with dogs in england and wales. | there is increasing concern about the use of lethal methods to control wild mammal populations, especially those methods that may have significant impacts on animal welfare. the continued use of dogs to hunt wild mammals in england and wales, principally foxes (vulpes vulpes), red deer (cervus elaphus), brown hares (lepus europaeus) and mink (mustela vison), has become a focus for political debate and has been the subject of a recent uk government inquiry. this paper reports the results of a que ... | 2003 | 12654279 |
| ancient introgression of lepus timidus mtdna into l. granatensis and l. europaeus in the iberian peninsula. | a 587 bp fragment of cytochrome b sequences from 90 individuals of 15 hare (lepus) species and two outgroups were phylogenetically analysed and compared to an analysis derived from 474 bp sequences of the nuclear transferrin gene. mountain hare (lepus timidus) type mtdna was observed in l. granatensis and l. europaeus from the iberian peninsula, far away from the extant distributional range of l. timidus. in addition to these two hare species, other hare species may also contain mtdna from l. ti ... | 2003 | 12679072 |
| european brown hare syndrome virus in free-ranging european brown hares from argentina. | from 1998 to 2000, serum samples of 80 shot european brown hares (lepus europaeus) from argentina were examined for antibodies against european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv) and 80 spleen samples were tested for ebhsv-antigen by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). nine hares were positive for ebhsv-antigen. antibodies against ebhsv were detected in only one individual. based on negative staining electron microscopy of spleen homogenates, we observed calicivirus in one of five ebhsv-an ... | 2003 | 12685075 |
| apoptosis and proliferation during seasonal testis regression in the brown hare (lepus europaeus l.). | testes samples of 52 brown hares (lepus europaeus l.), sacrificed between july and january, were subjected to immuno histochemical analysis. the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d'utp nick end labelling (tunel) method was applied to detect apoptosis; and antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) were used to evaluate cell proliferation in the testes. in the seminiferous epithelium, the apoptotic processes were evident from august to early november with maximal values ... | 2003 | 12733273 |
| biochemical genetic variability in brown hares (lepus europaeus) from greece. | allozyme variability of 91 brown hares (lepus europaeus) from seven regions in greece was compared to existing data of bulgarian populations to test the hypothesis of the occurrence ofspecific alleles in greece, likely stemming from an isolated late pleistocene refugial population in the southern balkans. this hypothesis is particularly suggested by some subfossil late pleistocene hare remains in greece and the reported high mtdna diversity in greek hares. allozymic diversity could be higher in ... | 2003 | 12834043 |
| antibodies to neospora caninum in european brown hare (lepus europaeus). | neospora caninum antibodies in european brown hares (lepus europaeus) were reported for the first time in sera collected from hares imported in italy from east europe. sera from 93 hares coming from hungary and 44 hares coming from slovakia were tested using a direct agglutination test (dat). seroprevalence was 8.0% at the 1:40 dilution and 1.5% at 1:320 dilution. seroprevalence in females and males and in different countries of origin did not differ significantly. our results indicate that euro ... | 2003 | 12860071 |
| lawsonia intracellularis in wild mammals in the slovak carpathians. | feces of wild mammals were collected in the bukovské vrchy hills (north-eastern slovakia) in january and february 2002. the feces were examined for lawsonia intracellularis by means of nested polymerase chain reaction. a total of 194 samples of feces from red deer (cervus elaphus), 46 samples from roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 31 samples from red fox (vulpes vulpes), 23 samples from gray wolf (canis lupus), and 12 samples from brown hare (lepus europaeus) were examined. lawsonia intracellulari ... | 2003 | 12910769 |
| accumulation of lead, cadmium, and mercury in liver and kidney of the brown hare (lepus europaeus) in relation to the season, age, and sex in the west slovakian lowland. | concentrations of lead, cadmium, and mercury in liver and kidneys of brown hares in relation to season, age, and sex were investigated. over a period of one year 74 hares, 36 males and 38 females were analyzed. the concentrations of lead and cadmium were analyzed by aas and mercury was determined by mercury vapor technique. the median concentration of lead in liver as well as in kidney in relation to the season is the highest in winter period in comparison with spring, summer, and summer period ... | 2003 | 12916853 |
| re-emergence of fibromatosis in farmed game hares (lepus europaeus) in italy. | 2003 | 12934800 | |
| staphylococcal pyaemia in a wild hare (lepus europaeus occidentalis). | 1955 | 13233363 | |
| reingestion in the hare lepus europaeus pal. | 1955 | 13237983 | |
| [morphology of deciduous teeth of common hare (lepus europaeus pallas) in the cuspid stage]. | 1957 | 13507902 | |
| [leptospira grippotyphosa serologic index in field hare (lepus europaeus l.)]. | 1959 | 13639084 | |
| high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in muscle phospholipids of a fast runner, the european brown hare (lepus europaeus). | to investigate both seasonal changes and possible intracorporal gradients of phospholipid fatty acid composition, skeletal muscles ( n=124), hearts ( n=27), and livers ( n=34) from free-living brown hares (lepus europaeus) were analyzed. phospholipids from both skeletal muscles and heart had a high degree of unsaturation with 66.8+/-0.63% and 65.7+/-0.5% polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. this is the highest proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids reported in any mammalian tissue. poly ... | 2003 | 13680130 |
| [leptospira grippotyphosa in the hare lepus europaeus]. | 1960 | 13684815 | |
| [detection of hyalomma plumbeum panz infected with pasteurella tularensis on lepus europaeus]. | 1955 | 14387223 | |
| hematology and serum chemistry values of the european brown hare. | hematology and serum biochemistry values can be useful for evaluating the health of populations of captive and free-living european brown hares (lepus europaeus). however, current information is fragmented and incomplete. | 2003 | 14655104 |
| epizootiologic and ecologic investigations of european brown hares (lepus europaeus) in selected populations from schleswig-holstein, germany. | from 1997-99 european brown hare (lepus europaeus) population densities were estimated by spotlight surveys within different areas in schleswig-holstein, germany. these areas showed a wide variation in local hare population densities. in addition, red fox (vulpes vulpes) densities were estimated in 1997 by surveys of fox dens and litters. sera of 321 hares (shot between 1998-2000) from four study areas were examined for antibodies against european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv) by enzyme link ... | 2003 | 14733269 |
| bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) in wildlife in spain. | mycobacterium bovis infection in wildlife and feral species is a potential source of infection for livestock and a threat to protected and endangered species. the aim of this study was to identify spanish wild animal species infected with m. bovis through bacteriological culture and spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) of isolates for epidemiological purposes. this study included samples from red deer (cervus elaphus), fallow deer (dama dama), wild boar (sus scrofa), iberian lynx (lynx ... | 2004 | 15184440 |
| determination of trichuris skrjabini by sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 segment of the ribosomal dna: comparative molecular study of different species of trichurids. | adults of trichuris skrjahini have been isolated from the cecum of caprine hosts (capra hircus), trichuris ovis and trichuris globulosa from ovis aries (sheep) and c. hircus (goats), and trichuris leporis from lepus europaeus (rabbits) in spain. genomic dna was isolated and the its1-5.8s-its2 segment from the ribosomal dna (rdna) was amplified and sequenced by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques. the its1 of t. skrjabini, t. ovis, t. globulosa, and t. leporis was 495, 757, 757, and 536 nu ... | 2004 | 15270116 |
| [prevalence of anti-yersinia antibodies in european brown hares in north-rhine westphalia, germany]. | yersinia (y.) pseudotuberculosis infections may lead to significant lethality in european brown hare (lepus europaeus, pallas) populations especially during the cold and wet seasons. in recent decades, also y. enterocolitica was isolated from hares found dead. consequently, a western-blot technique proved to be valuable for the detection of antibodies against all pathogenic yersinia isolates was applied to monitor the prevalence of antibodies in hare populations in north-rhine westphalia, german ... | 2004 | 15287580 |
| the shaping of mitochondrial dna phylogeographic patterns of the brown hare (lepus europaeus) under the combined influence of late pleistocene climatic fluctuations and anthropogenic translocations. | the phylogeographic structure of the brown hare (lepus europaeus) was studied by analysing mtdna control region sequences of 98 individuals from continental and insular greece, bulgaria, cyprus and northern israel, together with 44 published sequences from italy and central europe. we found two distinct clades separated by an average nucleotide divergence of 6.6%, which may correspond to a balkan and to an asia minor refugium. the estimated time of separation of the two clades was dated back to ... | 2005 | 15579381 |
| a spontaneous and fatal jejunal intussusception in a european brown hare associated with eimeria leporis. | a recently dead adult female european brown hare (lepus europaeus pallas) was found in the wild with no evidence of trauma or external injury. necropsy revealed symptoms consistent with endotoxic shock and a haemorrhagic jejuno-jejunal intussusception with a necrotic intussusceptum. small, unattached nodules were present extensively in the jejunal lumen and within the intussuscipiens. these nodules proved to be masses of unsporulated eimeria leporis oocysts. review of the literature reveals e. l ... | 2004 | 15606874 |
| female reproductive tract abnormalities in european hares (lepus europaeus) in australia. philip.stott@adelaide.edu.au. | populations of european hare (lepus europaeus) are in decline in europe, and populations in australia remain at low densities. populations are sensitive to size of the breeding stock, which is influenced by fertility in the females. from 1996 to 1999, a total of 272 adult female hares from three australian populations were dissected and their reproductive systems examined for abnormalities. cystic endometrial hyperplasia was relatively common and often accompanied by hydrosalpinx. extrauterine f ... | 2004 | 15650087 |
| distribution of cadmium and lead in liver and kidney of some wild animals in slovakia. | the content of cadmium and lead, as risk factors of environment, in liver and kidneys of wild animals as brown hare (lepus europaeus), yellow-necked mouse (apodemus flavicollis), wood mouse (cleithrionomys glareolus), and red deer (cervus elaphus) were studied. samples were analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method (aas). the highest levels of cadmium were found in kidneys (0.213-2.387 mg/kg) of all animal species. the concentration of cadmium in liver was 0.032-0.258 mg/kg. the ... | 2005 | 15756970 |
| european brown hare syndrome in free-living mountain hares (lepus timidus) and european brown hares (lepus europaeus) in finland 1990-2002. | we investigated the epidemiology of the european brown hare syndrome (ebhs) in finland among free-living mountain hares (lepus timidus) and european brown hares (lepus europaeus). carcasses of 297 european brown hares and 843 mountain hares submitted for postmortem examination were analyzed between 1990 and 2002. one hundred thirty-six cases of ebhs were detected during the examination, 20 cases in european brown hares and 116 in mountain hares. liver samples from 56 histopathologically positive ... | 2005 | 15827209 |
| invasion from the cold past: extensive introgression of mountain hare (lepus timidus) mitochondrial dna into three other hare species in northern iberia. | mitochondrial dna introgression from lepus timidus into lepus granatensis and lepus europaeus was recently reported in iberia, although l. timidus presumably retreated from this region at the end of the last ice age. here we assess the extent of this ancient mtdna introgression by rflp analysis of 695 specimens representing the three hare species present in iberia. the introgressed l. timidus lineage was found in 23 of the 37 populations sampled. it is almost fixed in l. europaeus across its ibe ... | 2005 | 15969727 |
| tuberculosis in a free-living brown hare (lepus europaeus occidentalis). | a free-living brown hare (lepus europaeus occidentalis) trapped during a survey of tuberculous possums in the ahaura valley, westland, was found to have both microbiological and histopathological evidence of infection with mycobacterium bovis. the mesenteric lymph nodes were enlarged and showed extensive caseation, tuberculous nodules were present in the liver and kidney, and there was a proliferative pleurisy. histologically, characteristic tuberculous granulomatous foci were seen in the mesent ... | 1993 | 16031715 |
| prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis in brushtail possums on a forest-scrub margin. | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis was diagnosed in 36 of 68 (53%) brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) trapped in august 1992 from a population of exceptionally low density (trap catch <3%) on a forest-scrub margin in westland, new zealand. the prevalence of tuberculosis in possums, based solely on gross lesions, was at least twice that previously recorded in new zealand, and was about seven times that recorded from the same population in 1980. more male (66%) than female (33%) pos ... | 1994 | 16031762 |
| preliminary studies on cryopreservation of hare (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778) semen. | in the last decades, a significant decrease in hare population has been observed; for this reason, the aim of the study was to check if hare semen could be preserved in liquid nitrogen, with an extender used for rabbit semen. the results should provide a basis for creating a gene bank of the species. ten ejaculates (volume above 0.4 ml, percentage of motile spermatozoa above 75%, spermatozoa concentration above 250 x 10(6) ml), obtained with electroejaculation method from four males, were frozen ... | 2006 | 16233963 |
| european brown hare syndrome in wild european brown hares from greece. | from 1999 to mid-2003, 97 european brown hares (lepus europaeus) found dead throughout greece were examined by necropsy, histopathology, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the presence of european brown hare syndrome (ebhs) and ebhs virus (ebhsv), respectively. hare losses were sporadic, starting in the cold season and lasting for many months (december to may). the most prominent gross lesions were observed in the liver and included swelling and discoloration; conge ... | 2005 | 16456168 |
| seasonal changes in the differential count in femoral marrow of the hare (lepus europaeus pall.). | 1970 | 16509134 | |
| seroprevalence of tick-borne and mosquito-borne arboviruses in european brown hares in northern and western germany. | tríbec virus (kemerovo serogroup, genus orbivirus), eyach virus (genus coltivirus), and tahyna virus (california encephalitis serogroup, genus bunyavirus) are arthropod-borne viruses known to occur in germany. these viruses are also suspected to cause human disease. so far, no information is available on their geographical distribution in germany and their natural transmission cycles. a total of 166 sera from european brown hares (lepus europaeus) collected in seven districts of the federal stat ... | 2006 | 16530475 |
| contents of selected heavy metals in the liver, kidneys and abdominal muscle of the brown hare (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778) in central pomerania, poland. | the content of iron, zinc, copper, manganese, lead, and cadmium was determined in the kidney, liver, and abdominal muscle of the brown hare (lepus europaeus), a species known for its bioindicative potential in environmental quality assessment. the animals assayed were divided into immature (in their first year of life; n=25) and adult (n=39). the hares were acquired in an area situated far away from major cities and direct impacts of industrial and transport pollution. the zinc content found in ... | 2006 | 16573273 |
| introgression of mountain hare (lepus timidus) mitochondrial dna into wild brown hares (lepus europaeus) in denmark. | in europe the mountain hare (lepus timidus) exists in great britain, norway, sweden, finland, parts of the alps and in eastern europe, but not in denmark. interspecific hybridization has been demonstrated between native swedish mountain hares and introduced brown hares (lepus europaeus). during the data collection in a study concerning danish brown hares we identified 16 hares with a single very divergent haplotype. | 2006 | 17105672 |
| running speed in mammals increases with muscle n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content. | polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) are important dietary components that mammals cannot synthesize de novo. beneficial effects of pufas, in particular of the n-3 class, for certain aspects of animal and human health (e.g., cardiovascular function) are well known. several observations suggest, however, that pufas may also affect the performance of skeletal muscles in vertebrates. for instance, it has been shown that experimentally n-6 pufa-enriched diets increase the maximum swimming speed in sa ... | 2006 | 17183696 |
| effects of protostrongylus sp. and pneumocystis sp. on the pulmonary tissue and the condition of mountain and brown hares from finland. | mountain hares (lepus timidus) and brown hares (lepus europaeus) shot by hunters in several game management districts in southern and central finland during the hunting season from september to the end of february 1998-2001 were examined for protostrongylus sp. and pneumocystis sp. of the mountain hares, 96.5% (194/201) were infected with the lungworm protostrongylus sp. and 16.9% (32/189) had cyst forms of the fungus pneumocystis sp. in the lungs. the prevalence of the lungworm and fungus in br ... | 2006 | 17255444 |
| the rise and fall of the mountain hare (lepus timidus) during pleistocene glaciations: expansion and retreat with hybridization in the iberian peninsula. | the climatic fluctuations during glaciations have affected differently arctic and temperate species. in the northern hemisphere, cooling periods induced the expansion of many arctic species to the south, while temperate species were forced to retract in southern refugia. consequently, in some areas the alternation of these species set the conditions for competition and eventually hybridization. hares in the iberian peninsula appear to illustrate this phenomenon. populations of iberian hare (lepu ... | 2007 | 17257116 |
| new variants of european brown hare syndrome virus strains in free-ranging european brown hares (lepus europaeus) from slovakia. | investigations regarding european brown hare syndrome virus (ebhsv) in european brown hares (lepus europaeus) in slovakia were undertaken in order to detect the possible presence of ebhsv and to evaluate its phylogenetic position. liver and/or serum samples were obtained from 135 european brown hares shot by hunters in eight regional hunting areas. from 36 animals corresponding liver and serum samples were available; from the remaining 49 and 50 animals only liver or serum samples were examined, ... | 2007 | 17347397 |
| introgression from lepus europaeus to l. timidus in russia revealed by mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms and nuclear microsatellites. | hybridisation among wild mammal populations may lead to introgression of genes and genomes over the species barrier. in sweden, in northern europe, and on the iberian peninsula in southern europe, mitochondrial dna from l. timidus occurs among l. europaeus specimens, presumably as a result of interspecific hybridisation. in russia, the species are believed to hybridise as well, but no investigations have confirmed introgression. here we develop species diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms ... | 2006 | 17362337 |
| first diagnosis of encephalitozoon intestinalis and e. hellem in a european brown hare (lepus europaeus) with kidney lesions. | encephalitozoon intestinalis and encephalitozoon hellem were diagnosed in the kidneys of a free-ranging european brown hare (lepus europaeus) with multifocal wedge-shaped chronic interstitial nephritis using real-time pcr and microarray. this is the first description of these microsporidia species in a european brown hare, which are both potential zoonotic agents. | 2007 | 17456143 |
| detection of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in a european brown hare (lepus europaeus) in thuringia, germany. | the isolation of francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica biovar ii (strain 06t0001) from a european brown hare (lepus europaeus) from thuringia, germany, is described for the first time. identification of the microorganism was carried out by phenotypic characterisation, partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene and specific pcr using the primers tul4-435/tul4-863 and ftc1/ftc4. the epidemiology of tularemia in germany is discussed and a risk assessment for humans is made. | 2007 | 17482385 |
| haemodipsus species occurring on hares (lepus eurapeus, l.): two new species in turkish lice fauna. | the aim of this paper was to give information about haemodipsus species occurring on hares in the konya province. thirty three lice specimens collected from forty hares (lepus europaeus, l.) were examined; two species, haemodipsus lyriocephalus (burmeister, 1839) and h. setoni (ewing, 1924) were identified. information about and discussion of the morphological characteristics of these species is given in this paper. this is the first time that haemodipsus lyriocephalus and h. setoni have been re ... | 2007 | 17594652 |
| the dispersal of vascular plants in a forest mosaic by a guild of mammalian herbivores. | endozochorous seed dispersal by herbivores can affect plant spatial dynamics and macroecological patterns. we have investigated the number and species composition of viable seeds deposited in faeces of a full guild of macroherbivores (four deer and two lagomorph species) in a forest in eastern britain. one hundred and one plant species germinated from faecal pellet material, 85 of which were among the 247 vascular plant species recorded in the forest. however, three species - chenopodium album, ... | 2007 | 17661087 |
| helminth communities of an introduced hare (lepus granatensis) and a native hare (lepus europaeus) in southern france. | we investigated the parasite communities of introduced iberian hares (lepus granatensis) and native european hares (lepus europaeus) in southern france, where iberian hares were introduced locally 20 yr ago as a game animal. parasite communities of sympatric populations of the two hare species and of allopatric populations of european hares were compared. iberian hares in france harbored a depauperate community of parasites relative to the population in its native habitat in spain. european hare ... | 2007 | 17984274 |
| blood coagulation times in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus). | many causes of mortality in the european brown hare, such as bacterial and viral infections, anticoagulant poisoning, and trauma, may result in hemorrhage. there are, however, no reference values concerning blood clotting in this species. | 2007 | 18041703 |
| muscle staphylomycosis in a european hare. | 1948 | 18104307 | |
| evidence for genetic similarity of two allopatric european hares (lepus corsicanus and l. castroviejoi) inferred from nuclear dna sequences. | 2008 | 18178109 | |
| recruitment of mitochondrial trna genes as auxiliary variability markers for both intra- and inter-species analysis: the paradigm of brown hare (lepus europaeus). | we sequenced and analyzed the mitochondrial trna(thr) and trna(pro) genes from brown hare (lepus europaeus) individuals of different geographic distribution and we investigated the role of various nucleotide substitutions that were detected. we compared these trnas with the respective available mitochondrial trna genes sequences within lepus species and among mammals. the mutations that were detected represent specific and conserved polymorphisms that do not seem to affect the structural and fun ... | 2008 | 18249075 |
| environmental levels of cadmium, lead and mercury in brown hares and their relation to blood metabolic parameters. | the purpose of this study was to examine concentrations of selected heavy metals in the liver and kidney of brown hares (lepus europaeus). in addition, correlations between heavy metals and biochemical parameters in blood plasma were determined. the average concentrations of heavy metals (mmol/l) +/- sd were as follows: liver: pb 0.221 +/- 0.189, cd 0.160 +/- 0.140, hg 0.021 +/- 0.030, kidney: pb 0.115 +/- 0.125, cd 1.570 +/- 1.103, hg 0.030 +/- 0.053. the average concentrations of biochemical p ... | 2008 | 18393073 |
| the ubiquitous mountain hare mitochondria: multiple introgressive hybridization in hares, genus lepus. | climatic oscillations during the glaciations forced dramatic changes in species distributions, such that some presently temperate regions were alternately occupied by temperate and arctic species. these species could have met and hybridized during climatic transitions. this phenomenon happened for three hare species present in iberia (lepus granatensis, lepus europaeus and lepus castroviejoi), which display high frequencies of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from lepus timidus, an arctic/boreal specie ... | 2008 | 18508749 |
| inducing ovulation and artificial insemination in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778). | the aim of the study was to show whether it is possible to induce ovulation in the hare by gnrh analogue administration and to carry out an effective artificial insemination (ai). the research was carried out during the breeding and non-breeding season. during the breeding season, plasma progesterone concentrations increased on the 4th day after intramuscular injection of gnrh analogue (buserelin), indicating induced ovulation and corpus luteum development. prostaglandin f(2)alpha (dinoprost) wa ... | 2009 | 18555621 |
| prevalence of haemodipsus (anoplura: polyplacidae) species found on hares (lepus europaeus l.) in konya province, turkey. | this study was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of lice on hares (lepus europaeus l.) in the konya province of turkey from october 2003 to january 2007. during this period, 54 hares were examined for lice, 5 of them (11%) were found to be infested with lice and a total of 41 lice specimens were collected from the infested hares. two species; haemodipsus lyriocephalus (burmeister, 1839) and h. setoni ewing, 1924 were identified and h. lyriocephalus was more abundant than h. setoni ... | 2008 | 18645947 |
| [serological monitoring of arbovirus infections in the estuary of the kuban river (the 2006-2007 data)]. | solid-phase enzyme immunoassay, neutralization test, and the hemagglutination-inhibition test were used to study the sera from human beings (152 samples), agricultural animals (n = 77), hares (n = 3), and wild birds (n = 69), collected in 2006-2007 in the kuban river estuary (temryuk district, krasnodar territory). there were specific antibodies against viruses of west nile (wh), tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) (flaviviridae, flavivirus), sindbis (togaviridae, alphavirus), the antigenic complex of ... | 2008 | 18756814 |
| comparison of acetamide and dimethylsulfoxide as cryoprotectants of european brown hare (lepus europaeus) spermatozoa. | the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) and acetamide on the post-thaw properties of hare semen and to perform an ai trial with frozen-thawed semen. semen was collected under general anaesthesia by the electroejaculation method from 6 males. immediately after collection, the semen was diluted with an extender containing the following components: 250 mm tris, 80 mm citric acid, 70 mm glucose, 1.0 m dmso, egg yolk (17% v/v) and kanamycin (80 mg/l); this ex ... | 2009 | 18957824 |
| comparison of two spatial optimization techniques: a framework to solve multiobjective land use distribution problems. | two spatial optimization approaches, developed from the opposing perspectives of ecological economics and landscape planning and aimed at the definition of new distributions of farming systems and of land use elements, are compared and integrated into a general framework. the first approach, applied to a small river catchment in southwestern france, uses swat (soil and water assessment tool) and a weighted goal programming model in combination with a geographical information system (gis) for the ... | 2009 | 19015827 |
| the experimental establishment of ruminant nematodes in european hares (lepus europaeus). | the factors that control the demography of european hare lepus europaeus populations are poorly understood, but it has been recognized that the decline of hares in europe is associated with an increasing intensity of agricultural activity. many mechanisms have been suggested. we propose another mechanism; a negative impact arising from ingestion of the infective larvae of ruminant livestock. we dosed juvenile hares from a worm-free colony with a conservative dose from a mixed culture of infectiv ... | 2009 | 19019544 |
| identification of a relik orthologue in the european hare (lepus europaeus) reveals a minimum age of 12 million years for the lagomorph lentiviruses. | the retroviral genus lentivirus comprises retroviruses characterised from five mammalian orders. lentiviruses typically undergo rapid rates of evolution, a feature that has allowed recent evolutionary relationships to be elucidated, but has also obscured their distant evolutionary past. however, the slowdown in the rate of evolution associated with genome invasion, as has occurred in the european rabbit, enables longer-term lentiviral evolutionary history to be inferred. here we report the ident ... | 2009 | 19070882 |
| evolutionary history of an mhc gene in two leporid species: characterisation of mhc-dqa in the european brown hare and comparison with the european rabbit. | we surveyed the genetic diversity of the expressed major histocompatibility complex class ii dqa locus in natural populations of european brown hares, lepus europaeus, from austria and belgium (267 individuals in total). based on cdna sequences, we designed hare-specific primers to amplify the highly variable second exon of the dqa gene. using cloning-sequencing methodology and capillary electrophoresis single-strand conformation polymorphism, we found ten alleles of the dqa exon 2 locus across ... | 2009 | 19104797 |
| peak energy turnover in lactating european hares: the role of fat reserves. | european hares (lepus europaeus) in central europe have high energetic costs of reproduction, mainly due to precocial, rapidly growing young that rely largely on energy-rich milk. thus, hares in this climate build up large fat stores during winter that are then gradually depleted during the spring-to-autumn breeding season. we hypothesized that the diminishing fat stores of females over the breeding season might affect resource allocation, peak energy assimilation during lactation or the total i ... | 2009 | 19112142 |
| preliminary reference values for electrocardiography, echocardiography and myocardial morphometry in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus). | the study aimed at defining reference values for electrocardiographic (ecg) and echocardiographic parameters as well as macroscopic dimensions of the heart and microscopic dimensions of cardiomyocytes in the european brown hare. the studies were conducted on 30 adult, clinically healthy hares of either sex caught in poland. ecg and echocardiography were performed supravitally on anaesthetized hares. after euthanasia, gross and microscopic myocardial and cardiomyocyte dimensions were determined. ... | 2009 | 19183473 |
| [fasciolosis in european hares (lepus europaeus) in north-western germany]. | in this case report pathomorphological findings of acute and chronic stages of fasciolosis are described in a european hare (lepus europaeus) hunted in northwestern germany. acute hepatic lesions consisted of coagulation necrosis with haemorrhages and surrounding infiltrations of granulocytes and histiocytes. subacute to chronic changes were characterized predominantly by pyogranulomatous inflammations with extensive fibrosis. adult parasites and eggs were detectable. | 2009 | 19244829 |
| the effect of trehalose on post-thaw viability and fertility of european brown hare (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778) spermatozoa. | the aim of the study was to assess the effect of a different trehalose concentration on the post-thaw viability and fertility of european brown hare spermatozoa. the semen was collected under general anaesthesia with electroejaculation method from 4 males. immediately after collection, the semen was diluted with an extender of the following composition: tris 250mm, citric acid 80mm, glucose 70mm, dmso 1.0m, egg yolk (17%, v/v), and kanamycin (80mg/l)-protocol i. in protocols ii and iii, respecti ... | 2009 | 19304414 |
| energy turnover in european hares is centrally limited during early, but not during peak lactation. | we investigated metabolizable energy intake (mei) and milk energy output in european hares throughout gestation and lactation in females raising three young, i.e., close to maximum litter size in this precocial species. we hypothesized that herbivorous hares may face a central limitation of energy turnover during lactation, imposed by maximum capacity of the gastrointestinal tract. females were provided with low-energy or high-energy diets, either continually, or during lactation only. unexpecte ... | 2009 | 19533150 |
| characterization of francisella tularensis strains, comparing their carbon source utilization. | thirteen francisella tularensis strains were isolated from 22 seropositive brown hares (lepus europaeus) originating from different parts of hungary, and further two from a patas monkey (erythrocebus patas) and vervet monkey (chlorocebus aethiops). the isolates were identified as f. tularensis ssp. holarctica on the basis of culture, morphological and biochemical characteristics. the identification was verified by polymerase chain reaction and the sequencing of the partial 16s rrna gene. utiliza ... | 2010 | 19538455 |
| deviance partitioning of host factors affecting parasitization in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus). | deviance partitioning can provide new insights into the ecology of host-parasite interactions. we studied the host-related factors influencing parasite prevalence, abundance, and species richness in european brown hares (lepus europaeus) from northern spain. we defined three groups of explanatory variables: host environment, host population, and individual factors. we hypothesised that parasite infection rates and species richness were determined by different host-related factors depending on th ... | 2009 | 19565211 |
| artificial insemination of captive european brown hares (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778) with fresh and cryopreserved semen derived from free-ranging males. | this study aimed to establish artificial insemination (ai) protocols to predictably initiate pregnancy during the breeding season in the european brown hare (ebh) (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778). semen was collected from seven captive and eight free-ranging males by means of electroejaculation. semen from the free-ranging males was cryopreserved using directional freezing. total motility/integrity of fresh and frozen-thawed semen was 91.6%/87.7% and 46.9%/53.8%, respectively. ovulation was induce ... | 2009 | 19740536 |
| thelazia callipaeda (spirurida, thelaziidae) in wild animals: report of new host species and ecological implications. | thelazia callipaeda infects the eyes of carnivores and humans in far eastern asiatic and european countries. studies have demonstrated the occurrence of t. callipaeda in foxes from areas where canine thelaziosis is endemic. however, there is little information on the role of wild carnivores as hosts of this nematode. from may 2003 to may 2009, a total of 130 carcasses of red foxes (vulpes vulpes; n=75), wolves (canis lupus; n=2), beech martens (martes foina; n=22), brown hares (lepus europaeus; ... | 2009 | 19782474 |
| major histocompatibility complex variation at class ii dqa locus in the brown hare (lepus europaeus). | the major histocompatability complex (mhc) is a multigene family of receptors that bind and present antigenic peptides to t-cells. genes of the mhc are characterized by an outstanding genetic polymorphism, which is considered to be maintained by positive selection. sites involved in peptide binding form binding pockets (p) that are collectively termed the peptide-binding region (pbr). in this study, we examined the level of mhc genetic diversity within and among natural populations of brown hare ... | 2009 | 19845856 |
| assessing the effect on survival of natal dispersal using multistate capture-recapture models. | despite their crucial importance in understanding and modeling of the evolution of natal dispersal, it is still difficult to reliably estimate the costs of natal dispersal. we have developed a multistate capture-recapture model, mixing telemetry and recoveries, to simultaneously estimate natal dispersal probability, survival probability of dispersers vs. philopatric individuals, and the proportions of individuals dying from different causes. by applying this model to the european hare (lepus eur ... | 2009 | 19886498 |
| ultrasonographic characterisation of prenatal development in european brown hares (lepus europaeus pallas, 1778): an evolutionary approach. | the european brown hare is one species in which reproduction appears to be particularly complex. therefore, we studied the reproductive tract and prenatal development using high-resolution ultrasound of 159 pregnancies in 45 captive female hares. consecutive examination of live hares was particularly useful in evaluating the very early stages of gestation. as such, it was possible to detect corpora lutea by day 3 and embryonic vesicles, representing the earliest uterine embryonic stages, by day ... | 2010 | 20047730 |
| is the large size of the pinna of the ear of the european hare (lepus europaeus) due to its role in thermoregulation or in anterior capital shock absorption? | large pinnae are characteristic of the leporids, and the pinna is known to have a thermoregulatory role. another role has been hypothesized for the pinna of lepus spp., as a part of a suspensory system for the greater portion of the head, absorbing shock that might otherwise interfere with vision during high-speed locomotion. we compared the lengths of the pinnae of adult european hares lepus europaeus from the source population in the cooler climate of england with those of the introduced popul ... | 2010 | 20101730 |
| neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in european brown hares in the czech republic, slovakia and austria. | european brown hares (lepus europaeus) coming from the czech republic, slovakia and austria were tested for serum antibodies against neospora caninum by a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and for serum antibodies against toxoplasma gondii by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. in a total of 925 samples, 280 (30%) and 132 (14%) reacted positively for n. caninum and t. gondii antibodies, respectively. out of 333 hares in the czech republic, 129 (39%) and 71 (21%) reacted ... | 2010 | 20347525 |
| the concept of superfetation: a critical review on a 'myth' in mammalian reproduction. | superfetation is understood as another conception during an already ongoing pregnancy. this implies the existence of young of different developmental stages within the female reproductive tract during certain periods of pregnancy. nevertheless, a clear definition of the term as well as distinct criteria to identify the occurrence of superfetation in a species is missing. the variable anatomy of mammalian reproductive tracts seems to make the occurrence of superfetation more or less likely but im ... | 2011 | 20394608 |
| molecular and biological characteristics of toxoplasma gondii isolates from wildlife in france. | toxoplasma gondii isolates have been classified into 3 genetic types. little is known about genotypes of t. gondii isolates in wild animals in europe. in this report, genotypes of t. gondii isolates from wildlife in france are described. sera from wildlife were tested for antibodies to t. gondii with the modified agglutination test, and the hearts from animals with titers superior or equal to 1:6 were bioassayed individually in mice. t.gondii was isolated from 9 of 14 seropositive red foxes (vul ... | 2010 | 20417034 |
| tularemia of european brown hare (lepus europaeus): a pathological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study. | the european brown hare (lepus europaeus) plays an important role in the ecology of tularemia, and it may serve as a significant source of human infection. the aim of the present study was to examine the lesions induced by francisella tularensis in 50 cases of naturally infected seropositive european brown hares. gross pathological examination revealed scant to numerous grayish-white foci with diameters of 0.1 to 1.0 cm in single organs (24 cases) or multiple organs (20 cases) in 44 of 50 cases ... | 2010 | 20466857 |
| molecular investigation of the occurrence of coxiella burnetii in wildlife and ticks in an endemic area. | at present few studies have been carried out on the distribution and incidence of coxiella burnetii infection in wildlife. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of c. burnetii in the main wild species in the basque country (northern spain), such as carnivores, cervids, wild boar, lagomorphs and several species of birds. tissues from a total of 601 animals and 340 adult ticks collected from them were analyzed by pcr. dna of c. burnetii was detected in 5.1% of roe de ... | 2011 | 20580169 |
| peak energy turnover in lactating european hares: a test of the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis. | it has been suggested that maximum sustained metabolic rate (susmr) in mammals as reached, for instance, during lactation, is due to a limited capacity for heat dissipation. here, we experimentally tested whether heat dissipation limitation (hdl) also constrains energy turnover in lactating european hares. experimentally, we made use of the fact that hares nurse their young only once per day, which allowed us to keep females and young either at the same or at different ambient temperatures. duri ... | 2010 | 20675553 |
| homozygosity at a class ii mhc locus depresses female reproductive ability in european brown hares. | the link between adaptive genetic variation, individual fitness and wildlife population dynamics is fundamental to the study of ecology and evolutionary biology. in this study, a bayesian modelling approach was employed to examine whether individual variability at two major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii loci (dqa and drb) and eight neutral microsatellite loci explained variation in female reproductive success for wild populations of european brown hare (lepus europaeus). we examined ... | 2010 | 20731776 |
| molecular delineation of the y-borne sry gene in the formosan pangolin (manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) and its phylogenetic implications for pholidota in extant mammals. | the systematic status of pholidota has been a matter of debate, particularly regarding the apparent inconsistency between morphological and molecular studies. the sry gene, a master regulator of male sex determination in eutherian mammals, has not yet been used for phylogenetic analyses of extant mammals. the objective of the present study was to clone and characterize the complete gene (1300 base pairs; bp) and amino acid sequences (229 residues) of sry from the formosan pangolin (manis pentada ... | 2011 | 20739052 |
| superconception in mammalian pregnancy can be detected and increases reproductive output per breeding season. | the concept of superfetation, a second conception during pregnancy, has been controversial for a long time. in this paper we use an experimental approach to demonstrate that female european brown hares (lepus europaeus) frequently develop a second pregnancy while already pregnant and thereby increase their reproductive success. after a new, successful copulation, we confirmed additional ovulations before parturition in living, late-pregnant females by detecting a second set of fresh corpora lute ... | 2010 | 20865801 |
| investigation of the ecology of francisella tularensis during an inter-epizootic period. | abstract a 1-year study of the ecological cycle of francisella tularensis was performed in an enzootic area during an inter-epizootic period. the study was based on multiple sampling of all major constituents of the disease cycle. seroprevalence of tularemia in the european brown hare (lepus europaeus) population was 5.1% (10/197) with low antibody titers (1/10 and 1/20), and f. tularensis ssp. holarctica was isolated from four hares. f. tularensis was not detected in the 38 common voles (microt ... | 2010 | 21142970 |