Publications

experimentally induced histoplasma capsulatum infection in coyotes and a dog.	captive coyotes (canis latrans) were inoculated intragastrically (1 coyote), and intratracheally (6 coyotes) with histoplasma capsulatum to simulate natural routes of exposure. in addition, the infectious organism was inoculated iv into another coyote and into a dog (c familiaris) to simulate hematogenous dissemination of h capsulatum. isolation of the pathogen from various tissue specimens, using direct plating and mouse inoculation methods, provided mycologic evidence of infection. the presenc ...	1986	3505936
canine distemper virus in coyotes: a serologic survey.	serum samples from 228 coyotes were selected randomly from a serum bank assembled from texas from 1975 to 1984 and were evaluated serologically for neutralizing antibodies against canine distemper virus (cdv). one hundred and twenty-eight (56%) of the 228 coyotes had antibody titers of greater than or equal to 1:5 against cdv (seropositive). the serologic prevalence (seroprevalence) of antibodies against cdv infection was higher in the spring (62%) than in the fall (40%). the seroprevalence of c ...	1986	3505937
ineffectiveness of clorsulon against nanophyetus salmincola in coyotes.	efficacy of clorsulon against the trematode nanophyetus salmincola was evaluated in coyotes. ten 16-week-old coyote pups were fed fish that contained metacercariae of n. salmincola. twenty-one days later, 5 of the coyotes were given a suspension of clorsulon (approx 16 mg/kg of body weight, orally). within 30 days after treatment, the numbers of fluke eggs in fecal specimens from the 5 treated coyotes had not decreased, and numbers of fluke eggs and flukes recovered from treated coyotes at necro ...	1986	3505938
helminth parasites of the coyote (canis latrans) in tennessee.	from 1980 to 1984, 267 coyotes (canis latrans) from tennessee were examined for helminth parasites. hearts were examined for the presence of dirofilaria immitis, diaphragms for trichinella spiralis, and digestive tracts for other helminths. six species were found including 5 nematodes (d. immitis, physaloptera rara, trichuris vulpis, ancylostoma caninum, and toxascaris leonina) and 1 cestode (taenia pisiformis). univariate and multivariate statistical techniques were used to assess parasite prev ...	1987	3585628
salmon poisoning disease in juvenile coyotes: clinical evaluation and infectivity of metacercariae and rickettsiae.	clinical salmon poisoning disease (spd), and survival of neorickettsia helminthoeca and metacercariae of nanophyetus salmincola in fish were evaluated experimentally in 12-wk-old coyotes (canis latrans) to determine the potential of spd for biological control of coyotes. coyotes readily ate fish that contained metacercariae and rickettsiae. they developed diarrhea, anorexia and lethargy within 7 days after feeding. infected coyotes lost 58% of their body weight when compared to uninfected contro ...	1987	3625898
fluoroacetate residues in ground squirrel and coyote tissues due to primary or secondary 1080 poisoning.	fluoroacetate residues in various tissues of 1080-poisoned ground squirrels and coyotes are listed. the tissues (excluding the stomach) of squirrels poisoned with an average of 0.8 mg 1080/kg (low dose) contained from 182 to 1309 ppb fluoroacetate. in squirrels poisoned with an average of 4.8 mg 1080/kg (high dose), the tissue residues ranged from 535 to 9754 ppb fluoroacetate. tissues from coyotes which died after consuming 1080-poisoned ground squirrels were also analyzed for fluoroacetate res ...	2012	3722090
coyote branding injury: a case report.		1986	3810501
hematologic values of the endangered san joaquin kit fox, vulpes macrotis mutica.	between 1981 and 1982 blood samples were collected from 64 adult san joaquin kit foxes, vulpes macrotis mutica, in western kern county, california. the goal of the study was to establish normal blood values for this endangered species, and to determine whether changes in them could be used to assess the possible effects of petroleum developments on these foxes. none of the values differed significantly between the sexes, or between foxes sampled in developed habitats compared with foxes sampled ...	1987	3820416
experimental babesiosis in coyotes and coydogs.	one splenectomized and 6 intact coyotes (canis latrans), and 2 coydogs were experimentally inoculated with a recent isolate of babesia gibsoni. the disease was mild in intact animals, was fatal in the splenectomized coyote, and was characterized by a regenerative hemolytic anemia with the pcv decreasing to 16% in intact animals and to 6% in the splenectomized coyote. peak parasitemia ranged from 3% to 21% of erythrocytes infected and was inversely correlated to pcv. serum lactate dehydrogenase, ...	1985	3970435
prevalence of oslerus osleri (cobbold, 1879) in coyotes (canis latrans say) from connecticut.		1985	3981749
prevention of coccidiosis in domestic dogs and captive coyotes (canis latrans) with sulfadimethoxine-ormetoprim combination.	sulfadimethoxine-ormetoprim combination was evaluated as a coccidiostat against experimentally induced coccidiosis in young dogs and coyotes (canis latrans). the animals were experimentally inoculated with 50,000 or 100,000 sporulated oocysts of isospora ohiohensis (98%) and isospora canis (2%). in experiment 1, daily treatment for 13 to 23 days with a combination of 27.5 mg of sulfadimethoxine/kg of body weight (bw) and 5.5 mg of ormetoprim/kg of bw admixed to the feed resulted in no significan ...	1985	4051296
antifertility effect of busulfan and procarbazine in male and female coyotes.	antifertility effects of two cytostatic agents, busulfan and procarbazine, were evaluated using 43 captive breeding pairs of adult coyotes. nineteen pairs served as untreated controls. only the male or female of remaining pairs was treated. females received either 8 mg busulfan/kg or 6 mg procarbazine/kg just prior to onset of the breeding season. males were treated once with either 8 mg busulfan/kg just before onset of breeding or with 4 mg busulfan/kg or 6 mg procarbazine/kg about 1 mo before ...	1985	4074811
canine heartworm in the domestic and wild canids of southeastern nebraska.	the prevalence of canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) was examined in the domestic dog, coyote (canis latrans), and red fox (vulpes fulva) populations of southeastern nebraska. microfilariae were detected in 21.4% (22 of 103) of the domestic dogs. the average age of infection for dogs was 5.8 yr. nine of the 22 infected dogs also were positive for dipetalonema reconditum. thirty-nine of 443 (8.9%) coyotes were found to have adult heartworms. the average number of male and female worms per hea ...	1985	4093815
morphology and microanatomy of the adrenal cortex of the coyote.		1971	4102243
electron microscopy of the virus of oral papillomatosis in the coyote.		1973	4361507
the tryptic peptides of coyote (canis latrans) hemoglobin.		1974	4458658
dental anomalies in coyotes from central alberta.		1972	4634343
coyote reproduction. i. the duration of the spermatogenic cycle and epididymal sperm transport.		1972	4637632
capillaria hepatica (nematoda: trichuridae) in a coyote (canis latrans).		1973	4716208
cardiovascular observations in coyotes.		1973	4742081
prevalence of oral papilloma-like lesions in coyotes in alberta.		1973	4750291
mercury concentration in the hair of coyotes and rodents in jackson hole, wyoming.		1973	4780431
observations on the pathogenesis of rabies: experimental infection with a virus of coyote origin.		1974	4844503
probable transmission of echinococcus granulosus between deer and coyotes in california.		1974	4844505
internal parasites of coyotes in southern texas.		1974	4844506
multiple-species infections of intestinal helminths in kansas coyotes.		1974	4853294
juvenile osteomalacia in a coyote.		1972	5021001
response of the coyote to endotoxin.		1967	5338715
sarcoptic mange in red foxes and coyotes of wisconsin.		1969	5388982
oral papillomatosis in the coyote in western canada.		1970	5463795
the occurrence of echinococcus granulosus in coyotes (canis latrans) in the central valley of california.		1970	5534027
a study of dog-coyote hybrids and implications concerning hybridization in canis.		1971	5581367
hybridization between wolf and coyote.		1971	5581377
oral papillomatosis in the coyote.		1968	5689985
experimental infection of coyote pups with venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus.		1969	5777739
transmission experiments with bat rabies isolates: bite transmission of rabies to foxes and coyote by free-tailed bats.		1966	5913028
seroprevalence of canine parvovirus in wild coyotes from texas, utah, and idaho (1972 to 1983).	the prevalence of serum antibodies against canine parvovirus-2 (cpv-2), as measured by a standard hemagglutination-inhibition test, was determined in serum samples collected from 1,184 coyotes (canis latrans) in texas, utah, and idaho from 1972 to 1983. no evidence of parvoviral infection was found before 1979, after which seroprevalence rapidly increased to greater than 70% at all sites by 1982. there were minor differences in prevalence between age groups and among sites, but no consistent dif ...	1984	6096323
natural infection of captive coyote pups with a herpesvirus antigenically related to canine herpesvirus.	herpesviruses were isolated from captive coyote pups with ocular discharge and hepatomegaly. the viruses were shown to be antigenically related to canine herpesvirus on the basis of specific virus neutralization with canine herpesvirus antiserum. the epizootiology of the outbreak suggested that the herpesvirus was acquired by indirect contact with guard dogs being cared for by the same animal technicians who cared for the coyotes.	1984	6096324
the microanatomy of the coyote's (canis latrans) respiratory system.		1983	6230027
acute hemorrhagic enteritis associated with canine coronavirus and parvovirus infections in a captive coyote population.		1980	6256330
olfactory discrimination of lithium chloride by the coyote (canis latrans).		1981	6266393
response of mink, skunk, red fox and raccoon to inoculation with mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus and prevalence of antibody to parvovirus in wild carnivores in ontario.	mink virus enteritis, feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus-2 were inoculated separately into groups of raccoon, mink, red fox and striped skunk. raccoons were highly susceptible to mink virus enteritis and feline panleukopenia, with animals developing clinical illness, and several dying within six to ten days of inoculation with lesions typical of parvovirus infection. both viruses were shed in high titre in the feces of infected raccoons, and high antibody titres were stimulated. raccoons ...	1983	6309349
effects of novelty and familiarity on illness-induced aversions to food and place cues in coyotes (canis latrans).	two experiments investigated the effects of novelty and familiarity on illness-induced aversions to taste and place cues in coyotes (canis latrans). coyotes were made ill on familiar food laced with lithium chloride in a novel place and then received preference tests. in experiment 1, coyotes avoided the previously poisoned familiar food in the novel treatment place but readily ate the same familiar food in a familiar safe place. in experiment 2, the results of experiment 1 were replicated, and ...	1983	6317280
serologic response of captive coyotes (canis latrans say) to canine parvovirus and accompanying profiles of canine coronavirus titers.	fifty-five of 66 (83%) coyote pups from bitches vaccinated against canine parvovirus (cpv) were seropositive for cpv antibodies at birth. the cpv antibody titer in the pups declined with a half-life of 6.7 days until by the 8th week, only two of 41 (5%) pups were seropositive for cpv antibodies. at 8 wk, 41 of the pups were vaccinated against cpv (killed feline origin vaccine), but only one of 37 (3%) was positive for cpv antibodies at 11 wk. the 8-wk-old pups were either too young to respond to ...	1984	6325726
development of sarcocystis alceslatrans dubey, 1980, in the small intestine of dogs.	laboratory-reared dogs were fed moose musculature infected with sarcocystis alceslatrans. these dogs shed sporocysts [15.6 x 11.4 microns (14.4 to 15.8 x 10.8 to 11.5)] 11 to 15 days after inoculation. the prepatent period was 10 to 14 days. two cats and 1 coyote that also ate infected moose musculature did not pass sporocysts. histologic examination of intestinal tissue from experimentally infected dogs revealed microgamonts, macrogametes, and oocysts. all stages were present in the lamina prop ...	1983	6416114
experimental infections of sarcocystis cruzi, sarcocystis tenella, sarcocystis capracanis and toxoplasma gondii in red foxes (vulpes vulpes).	four littermate 6-wk-old red foxes (nos. 1-4) were fed toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis cruzi, s. tenella and s. capracanis. one littermate fox (no. 5) served as the control. two foxes (nos. 1, 2) were fed tissue cysts of t. gondii and two foxes (nos. 3, 4) were fed oocysts of t. gondii. twenty-one to 42 days later, the same five foxes were used to test the infectivity of meat of goat, sheep, and ox experimentally inoculated with sarcocystis. fox 2 was fed goat meat and shed s. capracanis-like spo ...	1983	6417347
the epizootiology and pathology of sarcoptic mange in coyotes, canis latrans, from south texas.	an epizootic of sarcoptic mange in coyotes from south texas, canis latrans , was studied over a 7-yr period, 1975 through 1981. from a four-county area centered in webb county, texas the epizootic radiated centrifugally to include a 27-county area. the disease progressed from initial, scabby encrustations on the ischium and fore and hind legs to severe, thickened, slate-gray hyperkeratotic lesions with almost complete alopecia. there were significant decreases in alpha-globulin and albumin, sign ...	1983	6425486
antibodies to trypanosoma cruzi in coyotes in texas.		1984	6429309
renal vascular hamartomas in a captive coyote.		1984	6511595
population dynamics across selected habitat variables of the helminth community in coyotes, canis latrans, from south texas.	the effects of selected intrinsic variables operating on host subpopulations and of extrinsic variables across the collective host population on the distributions of 10 common helminth species from coyotes in south texas were compared. the intrinsic variables of host sex and presence and severity of sarcoptic mange had little effect on the distributions of most helminth species. the combined influences of (1) seasonal changes across the collective host population and (2) host subpopulations deli ...	1984	6512639
polycystic kidneys in a western coyote.		1983	6643244
trichodectes canis on the gray wolf and coyote on kenai peninsula, alaska.		1983	6644943
maximal oxygen consumption and pulmonary diffusing capacity: a direct comparison of physiologic and morphometric measurements in canids.	the purpose of this study was to check the validity of the morphometric model for estimating physiological conductances for gases, dl. we make a direct comparison between the lung's conductance for carbon monoxide, measured physiologically using the single breath method, dlco (sb), and that measured morphometrically using the previously published model, dlco(mm). we also make a direct comparison between the maximum rate of oxygen uptake by the lung during exercise, vo2max, and the lung's conduct ...	1983	6665333
gas chromatographic analysis of coyote and magpie tissues for residues of compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate).	tissues of coyotes and magpies administered known dosages of 1080 were analyzed for residues by an analytical method specifying gas chromatography and electron capture detection. the repeatability of the method was determined for the replicate analyses of coyote muscle tissue samples aged under different storage conditions. the average coefficient of variation (cv) was 6% for quadruplicate determinations of 1080 in fresh tissues, 12-14% for samples stored at - 10 degrees c for 30-60 days, and 24 ...	2012	6746478
coyote as a final host for sarcocystis species of goats, sheep, cattle, elk, bison, and moose in montana.	tissues (1 kg) from sheep, goats, cattle, moose, bison, or elk naturally infected with sarcocystis species were fed to one to four sarcocystis-free coyotes and the number of sporocysts in feces and intestines were counted. all 12 coyotes fed naturally infected tissues shed sarcocystis in feces, with a prepatent period of 9 to 15 days. the four coyotes fed infected beef had 15, 25, 113, and 201 million sporocysts in their feces and intestines. the coyotes fed elk, moose, or bison had 2.5, 15, and ...	1980	6778270
association of malassezia (pityrosporum) pachydermatis with sarcoptic mange in new york state.	malassezia (pityrosporum) pachydermatis consistently accompanied sarcoptic mange in all red foxes (vulpes fulva), porcupines (erethizon dorsatum), and coyotes (canis latrans) examined. this yeastlike microorganism has not heretofore been reported on any of these hosts. its presence on the exoskeleton of sarcoptes scabiei taken from these animals suggests a carrier role for the mite. the yeast may be saprophytic or a secondary pathogen.	1980	6780699
abortion and death in goats inoculated with sarcocystis sporocysts from coyote feces.	ten 75- to 105-day-pregnant does each were inoculated orally within 1 million (2 does), 10,000 (4 does), or 1,000 (4 does) sporocysts of sarcocystis from coyote feces. two does not inoculated with sporocysts served as controls. the 2 does inoculated with 1 million sporocysts died from acute sarcocystosis 21 and 22 days after inoculation (dai), and each had 2 dead fetuses. the 4 does inoculated with 10,000 sporocysts were ill 19 to 33 dai but survived; 1 aborted at 33 dai, 1 had a live kid that d ...	1981	6782066
sarcocystis species in moose (alces alces), bison (bison, bison), and pronghorn (antilocapra americana) in montana.	the transmission of sarcocystis spp from naturally infected moose, bison, and pronghorn was attempted in laboratory-raised coyotes and dogs. infected musculature from a moose was feed to a dog and a coyote, and 12 days later, both animals shed sporocysts. sporocysts were 14 to 17 x 8.5 to 10.5 micron (av 14.5 x 8.8). a coyote was fed muscle from a bison, and 11 days later, it shed sporocysts. the sporocysts were 14 to 16 x 9 to 11 micron (14.0 x 9.0). infected tissues from a pronghorn were fed t ...	1980	6782919
development and ultrastructure of first-generation meronts of sarcocystis cruzi in calves fed sporocysts from coyote feces.	the development of sarcocystis cruzi hasselmann (syn. s. fusiformis railliet) meronts was studied in seven 7- to 10-day-old calves filled 4, 7, 11, 15, 22, 25 and 28 days postinoculation (dpi) with 5 x 10(7) sporocysts from feces of coyotes. no meronts were found 4 and 7 dpi. young and intermediate meronts with 1-16 nuclei were found in endothelial cells of arteries in mesenteric lymph nodes, but not in kidneys 11 dpi. mature meronts were noted in endothelial cells of arteries, arterioles, or ca ...	1980	6783745
an ultrastructural study of first- and second-generation merogony in the coccidian sarcocystis tenella.	sporocysts of the coccidian sarcocystis tennella were originally isolated in the feces of a coyote. sporocysts used for inoculation of lambs were obtained from experimentally infected dogs. at 14, 16, and 19 days postinoculation (dpi) of lambs with the sporocysts, various developmental stages of first-generation meronts were found within cells located between the endothelium and internal elastic membrane of mesenteric arteries. at 19, 21, and 25 dpi, second-generation merogony occurred in cells ...	1981	6798206
early developmental stages of sarcocystis cruzi in calf fed sporocysts from coyote feces.	the development of sarcocystis cruzi was studied in an 11-day-old calf killed seven days postinoculation with 5 x 10(8) sporocysts from feces of coyotes. uninucleate zoites were found in arteries of mesenteric lymph nodes but not in other organs. zoites measured 4.9 x 3.0 (3.5-7.0 x 2.1-3.5) micrometers. of the 36 zoites studied, 31 were in endothelial cells, four were in macrophages in the lumen of arteries, and one was free in the lumen of an artery. infected endothelial cells were two to thre ...	1981	6798207
sarcocystis of deer in south dakota.	the prevalence of sarcocystis in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (o. hemionus) in south dakota was determined through microscopic examination of tongue samples. the percentage of sarcocystis infection for both species of deer was determined for prairies east of the missouri river, west of the missouri river, and black hills of western south dakota. sixteen percent (n = 62) of the white-tailed deer tongues from east river, 69% (n = 42) from west river, and 74% (n = 23) fr ...	1982	6808161
sarcoptes scabiei infestation of the coyote (canis latrans), illustrated by the scanning electron microscopy.		1982	6808163
quantitative parasitemia in calves fed sarcocystis cruzi sporocysts from coyotes.	for the quantitation of parasitemia, seven 7- to 10-day-old calves were orally inoculated with 2 virulent isolates of sarcocystis cruzi from coyotes. three calves were each given 2.5 million sporocysts of the 1st isolate; these calves died 31, 35, and 33 days later. the other 4 calves were given 2, 1, 0.76, and 0.38 million sporocysts of the 2nd isolate; these calves died or were euthanatized at 34, 44, 43, and 55 days after inoculation. buffy coat smears from 7 ml of jugular blood of each calf ...	1982	6808868
infectivity of sarcocystis spp. from bison, elk, moose, and cattle for cattle via sporocysts from coyotes.	bison bison (bison), cervus canadensis (elk), alces alces (moose), and bos taurus (cattle) musculature containing sarcocystis spp. cysts was fed to laboratory raised canis latrans (coyotes), sporocysts collected from the feces of coyotes fed musculature of each of the ruminant species were fed to four groups of three laboratory-raised domestic calves, respectively, to determine if sarcocystis spp. was transmissible from wild to domestic ruminants and if so, to compare clinical signs of infection ...	1982	6811717
sarcocystosis in neonatal bison fed sarcocystis cruzi sporocysts derived from cattle.	a 6-day-old female (bison bison) was inoculated with 10 million sporocysts of the b1 isolate of sarcocystis cruzi originally obtained by feeding heart of a naturally infected cow (bos taurus) to a laboratory-raised coyote. the bison became febrile, lethargic, and anorectic at about 25 days after inoculation of the sporocysts, and was euthanatized 3 days later. there were widespread hemorrhages, hepatitis, myocarditis, nephritis, and enteritis; intravascular meronts were found in the adrenal cort ...	1982	6816777
development of ox-coyote cycle of sarcocystis cruzi.		1982	6816926
sarcocystosis in newborn calves fed sarcocystis cruzi sporocysts from coyotes.	the development of sarcocystis cruzi was compared in 3- to 14-day-old calves (n = 38) inoculated with 55,000 to 500,000,000 sporocysts from intestinal scrapings of coyotes, and euthanatized and necropsied on postinoculation days (pid) 4 to 153. from pid 15 to 19, the calves remained clinically normal, except for fever (greater than or equal to 40 c), during the development of 1st-generation meronts, and lesions in calves euthanatized at this time were confined mainly to mesenteric lymph nodes an ...	1982	6819793
helminths of the coyote (canis iatrans say) in montana.		1983	6842734
experimental salmon poisoning disease in juvenile coyotes (canis latrans).	salmon poisoning disease (spd) was experimentally induced in juvenile coyotes (canis latrans). the disease was lethal in 11 of 12 coyotes within 15 days after inoculation with 1,000 or 4,000 metacercariae of nanophyetus salmincola. clinical manifestations of the disease included lymph node enlargement, anorexia, pyrexia, diarrhea and death. coccoid bodies indistinguishable from rickettsiae were observed in macrophages of spleen, liver, lymph nodes, and duodenum. percentage recovery of adult trem ...	1982	7097880
prevalence of heartworm (dirofilaria immitis leidy) in coyotes from five northern california counties.	prevalence rates of heartworm in coyotes was estimated for five northern california counties by examining hearts of coyotes obtained from federal or private trappers. prevalence rates range from 8.3-27.3%, but the proportion of infected coyotes can vary between two regions of the same county. in general, it seems that higher infection rates are found in the foothill regions of the coastal range and sierra nevada, decreasing towards the floor of the sacramento valley as well as at higher elevatio ...	1982	7125062
heartworms (dirofilaria immitis) in coyotes (canis latrans) in new england.		1982	7131657
radionuclide export and elimination by coyotes at two radioactive waste disposal areas in southeastern idaho.	coyote fecal samples were collected near a radioactive waste leaching pond and a solid radioactive waste disposal facility and analyzed for radioactivity. elevated concentrations of 137cs, 90sr and 238pu in the samples from the liquid radioactive waste leaching area were attributed to coyotes ingesting contaminated pond water and/or small mammals. elevated 241am concentrations in coyote fecal samples collected around the solid radioactive waste disposal facility were due to ingestion of contamin ...	1982	7152910
pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a coyote-dog cross.		1982	7154225
induced toxoplasma gondii, toxocara canis, and isospora canis infections in coyotes.	six littermate laboratory-raised coyotes (no. 1-6) were used to study the transmission of toxoplasma gondii from cats and mice, and toxocara canis and isospora canis from dogs and mice. coyotes 1 and 2 were inoculated orally with 1,000 infective oocysts of the tc-1 strain of t gondii; coyotes 3 and 4 were fed mice infected with tissue cysts of the tc-1 strain of t gondii. eight days after inoculation with t gondii, the same 4 coyotes were exposed to toxocara canis: coyotes 1 and 2 were inoculate ...	1982	7174440
adverse reactions to sulfaquinoxaline in coyote pups--.		1982	7174488
changes in serum progesterone and estrogen of the nonpregnant coyote during the breeding season.		1981	7195028
attempted transmission of oslerus (oslerus) osleri (=filaroides osleri) from coyotes to domestic dogs and coyotes.		1981	7241285
serologic evidence of leptospirosis in a southern arizona coyote population.		1981	7253099
attempted experimental transfer of sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei, acarina: sarcoptidae) among red fox, coyote, wolf and dog.		1981	7310942
cestodes of the coyote (canis latrans) in san joaquin valley, california.		1980	7365635
environmental exposure to coxiella burnetii: a sero-epidemiologic survey among domestic animals.	the prevalence of agglutinating serum antibodies against coxiella burnetii, the cause of q fever in humans, was tested in a hospital population of companion animals and livestock in california during 1973--1975. a sample of stray dogs was also tested. among the hospitalized animals 346 (48%) of 724 dogs, 7 (9%) of 80 cats, 9 (32%) of 28 cattle and 31 (26%) of 121 horses had antibodies against c. burnetii. of 316 stray dogs 208 (66%) were seropositive. the overall prevalence of 53% among 1040 dog ...	1980	7377186
hammondia heydorni infection in sheep, goats, moose, dogs and coyotes.	the transmission of hammondia heydorni among sheep, goats, cattle, dogs and coyotes is described. oocysts of h. heydorni, obtained from dog faeces by feeding naturally infected goat meat, were fed to an experimental goat. after 312 days tissues from this animal were fed to 2 dogs. one dog, which received goat muscle, shed oocysts, whereas the other dog which received brain, spleen, kidneys, lungs and liver did not. oocysts from the dog fed goat muscle were fed to an experimental sheep. after 73 ...	1980	7422358
coyotes and canine heartworm in california.	adult dirofilaria immitis were found in the hearts of 43 of 115 coyotes (canis latrans) trapped within a 50 km radius of the el dorado county seat. of mature coyotes, 45% were positive, with worm numbers averaging 9.0 in females and 16.2 in males. d. immitis microfilariae occurred in the peripheral blood and in lung smears. microfilariae of dipetalonema reconditum were present in 14 of the coyotes examined (12%). several coyotes showed enlarged hearts with gross pathological changes.	1980	7431518
field application of the conditioned taste aversion paradigm to the control of coyote predation on sheep and turkeys.		1980	7447856
serologic and hematologic values of wild coyotes in wisconsin.	blood samples were obtained from 30 coyotes (canis latrans) captured in northern wisconsin in conjunction with radio-telemetry studies. samples were assayed for seven hematologic values, seven serum chemistries, serum albumin, globulin and total protein. results are given with respect to sex and age and are compared with available data for captive wild and pen-raised coyotes. leukocyte counts were greater for males than females and packed cell volumes were greater for adults than young, possibly ...	1980	7463601
effect of lithium chloride in coyote pup diet.		1980	7469971
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1994.	in 1994, 48 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,224 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 6 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. nearly 93% (7,632 cases) were wild animals, whereas 7% (592 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases decreased 13.4% from that of 1993 (9,498 cases), with most of the decline resulting from 19.2% fewer cases of rabies in raccoons. two previously described epizootics of rabies involvi ...	1995	7493894
structure and expression of a divergent canine class i gene.	we have isolated and characterized a canine class i mhc (dog leukocyte ag, dla) gene, dla-79. the deduced protein sequence shares only 65% identity with a previously published canine class i cdna, designated dla-a, and exhibits 64% amino acid identity with the hla-a, -b, -c consensus. the peptide-binding region of dla-79 is unusual. three of four highly conserved tyrosine residues (tyr7, 59, 159, and 171), proposed to interact with the n terminus of peptide-ag, are substituted. additionally, the ...	1995	7594586
translocation of coyote rabies--florida, 1994.	translocation of a rabies variant from one area to another has been identified increasingly in the united states. during november and december 1994, rabies was diagnosed in five dogs from two associated kennels in florida; in addition, two other dogs being kept at one of the kennels died with suspected, but unconfirmed, rabies. rabies virus recovered from the five dogs was identified as a variant not previously found in florida but endemic in coyotes (canis latrans) in south texas. the suspected ...	1995	7623760
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1993.	in 1993, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 9,495 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the centers for disease control and prevention. greater than 93% (8,889 cases) were wild animals, whereas 6.4% (606 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 9.9% over that of 1992 (8,645 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons (37.1% increase in reported cases over 1992). t ...	1994	7744643
rabies epizootic in coyotes combated with oral vaccination program.		1995	7768724
molecular genetics of the most endangered canid: the ethiopian wolf canis simensis.	the world's most endangered canid is the ethiopian wolf canis simensis, which is found in six isolated areas of the ethiopian highlands with a total population of no more than 500 individuals. ethiopian wolf populations are declining due to habitat loss and extermination by humans. moreover, in at least one population, ethiopian wolves are sympatric with domestic dogs, which may hybridize with them, compete for food, and act as disease vectors. using molecular techniques, we address four questio ...	1994	7921357
genetic, phenotypic, and behavioral variation in north american sylvatic isolates of trichinella.	two restriction endonucleases (cla i and hpa ii) produced polymorphic repetitive dna profiles which were used in a clustering analysis to quantify the level of genetic variation among 14 north american sylvatic isolates of t5 trichinella. differences in genetic profiles reflected phenotypic differences in parasite reproductive success as measured by an isolate's reproductive capacity index in natural hosts. two genetically distinct isolates of the t5 genotype and t. spiralis were used to infect ...	1994	7931904
spongiform degeneration of the brain associated with uremia in an aged coyote (canis latrans).		1994	7941243
ticks (acari: ixodidae) collected from small and medium-sized kansas mammals.	seven species of hard-bodied ticks were collected from 20 species of small and medium-sized mammals in kansas; amblyomma americanum l., dermacentor variabilis (say), haemaphysalis leporispalustris (packard), ixodes cookei packard, i. kingi bishopp, i. sculptus neumann, and i. texanus banks. dermacentor variabilis was found statewide, a. americanum only in the eastern one-third of the state, and the ixodes spp. and h. leporispalustris were widely scattered. the most common tick found was d. varia ...	1994	8057327
patterns of differentiation and hybridization in north american wolflike canids, revealed by analysis of microsatellite loci.	genetic divergence and gene flow among closely related populations are difficult to measure because mutation rates of most nuclear loci are so low that new mutations have not had sufficient time to appear and become fixed. microsatellite loci are repeat arrays of simple sequences that have high mutation rates and are abundant in the eukaryotic genome. large population samples can be screened for variation by using the polymerase chain reaction and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to separate a ...	1994	8078397
canine oral papillomavirus genomic sequence: a unique 1.5-kb intervening sequence between the e2 and l2 open reading frames.	the canine oral papillomavirus (copv) is associated with oropharyngeal papillomatosis in dogs, coyotes, and wolves. we have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of copv, the largest of all known pv genomes (8607 bp). the genomic architecture of the copv genome is similar to that of other pvs except for a unique and large noncoding region of 1.5 kb between the end of the early region (e2) and the beginning of the late region (l2) and a small (345 bp) upstream regulatory region between the ...	1994	8091677
epizootic canine rabies transmitted by coyotes in south texas.	prior to 1988, rabies was reported only sporadically in coyotes. however, in the final 4 months of 1988, starr county, tex, which is situated on the us-mexico border, experienced an epizootic of canine rabies, consisting of 6 laboratory-confirmed cases of rabies in coyotes and of 2 cases in domestic dogs. the first 3 cases were detected in coyotes, and the first case in a domestic dog was observed 84 days after the index case. adjacent hidalgo county reported 9 cases of rabies in dogs during the ...	1994	8163414
phenotypic characterization of human and animal biotypes within the species porphyromonas gingivalis.	ninety-nine strains of gram-negative black-pigmented anaerobic rods, grown on todd-hewitt blood agar plates, were identified and characterized according to a typing scheme including uv fluorescence, catalase, trypsin-like and haemagglutinating activities, biochemical tests with the atb 32a kit, and gas-liquid chromatography. to determine the taxonomic position of the porphyromonas gingivalis biotypes, 68 strains (31 of human origin and 37 of animal origin) were compared to 31 strains of closely ...	1993	8190990