Publications

[cystic testicular anomaly with subsequent stenosis of the small intestine in an emerald tree boa (corallus caninus l., 1758)].	a case report with emphasis on diagnostic procedures and differential diagnoses is given. the etiology is discussed in comparison to similar malformations in mammals and other reptiles. the literature is reviewed with emphasis on differential diagnostic aspects.	1998	9857424
predation on hapalemur griseus griseus by boa manditra (boidae) in the littoral forest of eastern madagascar.		1998	9885347
population genetic structure of a three-host tick, amblyomma dissimile, in eastern venezuela.	patterns of genetic variation for the tick amblyomma dissimile were analyzed from a total of 200 ticks collected on 12 toads (bufo marinus), 14 snakes (boa constrictor), and 8 lizards (iguana iguana) at 11 localities. the analyses were performed on electrophoretic data from 8 isozyme loci. mean heterozygosity per locus was 6% (+/-3.1) per population. differences in allelic frequencies among ticks from different individual hosts were the major source of genetic variability in this study. host spe ...	1998	9920303
cell biology. boa constrictor or rattlesnake?		1999	10206640
quality of life after infrainguinal bypass grafting surgery. dutch bypass oral anticoagulants or aspirin (boa) study group.	the purpose of this study was to compare quality of life in patients with and without various ischemic complications after infrainguinal bypass grafting surgery for occlusive vascular disease.	1999	10233784
[the social security reform: wide-ranging effects on companies as well as occupational health services].	to evaluate the reactions of companies and occupational health services (ohss) to the reform of the social security system by the government of the netherlands; especially to inventory to what extent intended effects (more handicapped workers employed, more reintegration efforts) and unintended effects (exclusion handicapped workers, deteriorated quality ohss) occurred.	1999	10416494
[the laboratory diagnosis and epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in paraná state, southern brazil].	between 1986 and 1997 a total of 1418 patients were examined at the clinical analysis teaching and research laboratory of maringá state university (lepac/uem) for cutaneous leishmaniasis by direct examination of stained smears made from the lesions, the montenegro skin test and the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. nine hundred and fifty five patients (67.3%) were positive for at least one of the three tests and of these 804 (84.2%) were considered to have contracted the disease in paran ...	1999	10495672
analysis of its2 dna sequences from brazilian anopheles darlingi (diptera: culicidae).	specimens of anopheles darlingi root, the major vector of malaria in brazil, were collected from several states in brazil: sao paulo (dourado), bahia (itabela), rondônia (porto velho), roraima (boa vista), and acre (plácido de castro). sequence divergence in the 2nd internal transcribed spacer (its2) was examined. the its2 sequences of mosquitoes captured in the amazon region (porto velho, boa vista and plácido de castro) and in the northeast of brazil (itabela) were almost identical; however, a ...	1999	10534960
[impact of environmental changes on sand fly ecology in southern brazil].	tree felling around a chicken coop and periodic insecticide spraying at the palmital farm in the county of terra boa in southern brazil impacted the ecology of sand fly species. the most prevalent species (51.6%) before clearing the trees and insecticide spraying was lutzomyia migonei (frança, 1920), and it is now lutzomyia (nyssomyia) whitmani (antunes & coutinho, 1939) (89.8%). there was a highly significant difference between the proportions of l. whitmani reported by this paper (89.8%) and a ...	1999	10633213
how long should patients be followed-up after total hip replacement? current practice in the uk.	some 1000 postcard questionnaires were sent to fellows of the british orthopaedic association (boa) to establish current follow-up practice of primary total hip replacement (thr) patients. for cemented thrs, 50% of surgeons saw their patients for under 1 year, 78% under 5 years with indefinite follow-up being performed by 14%. there was significantly more follow-up of uncemented and hybrid prostheses with the proportions being 25%, 56% and 30% respectively (chi 2, p < 0.0001). this study has rev ...	1999	10645180
benzoxazinoids-cyclic hydroxamic acids, lactams and their corresponding glucosides in the genus aphelandra (acanthaceae).	an improved method of sample preparation and simultaneous hplc separation was developed that allowed the separation of 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoxazine-3(4h)-one (diboa), 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazine-3(4h)-one (dimboa), 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazine-3(2h)-one (hboa), 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazine-3(2h)-one (hmboa) and their corresponding glucosides as well as the benzoxazolinones boa and mboa. the amount and distribution of these compounds was determined in the roots of aphelandra squa ...	2000	10680174
interpretation of dutch boa trial. dutch bypass oral anticoagulants or aspirin study group.		2000	10791406
[mass production of romanomermis iyengari (nematoda: mermithidae) applied to anopheline breeding sites in boa vista (roraima), brazil].	in order to begin mass producing the nematode romanomermis iyengari welch, a bioprocessing plant was designed and set up on the grounds of universidad federal in the state of roraima, brazil, after reaching an agreement with the state's health department. the objective of this paper was to establish the basic process for mass breeding the parasite in order to apply it to anopheline breeding sites. cultures were obtained at a rate of 68 during every seven-day cycle, making for a total of 272 cult ...	2000	10808748
salmon: a new autosomal mutation demonstrating incomplete dominance in the boine snake boa constrictor.	an unusual and attractive pigmentation pattern mutation termed "salmon" has been identified in the united states in several captive colonies of the common neotropical boine snake boa constrictor [boa constrictor (boidae)]. boa constrictors expressing the sa pigmentation pattern appear to be restricted to regions of panama. animals with the sa phenotype exhibit a sharp decrease in melanophore pigments (e.g., melanin) and an increase of xanthophore pigments (e.g., pteridines and carotenoids) throu ...	2003	10833054
[malaria in the region of campinas, são paulo, brazil, 1980 to 1994].	according to epidemiological data, from 1980 to 1994, 2,781 cases of malaria were registered as follows: dir xii-campinas (49.3%), dir xv-piracicaba (41.3%) and dir xx-são joão da boa vista (9.4%). the plasmodium vivax was found in 70.6% of the patients; plasmodium falciparum in 25.4% and 4% of the patients presented a mixed infection. the epidemiological classification showed that 95% of the cases came from the states of rondônia, mato grosso and par. the masculine sex, between the age of 20 to ...	2000	10881119
[serologic survey of dogs in an endemic area of tegumentary leishmaniasis in paraná state, southern brazil]	increased reporting of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of paraná points to the need for information on both this disease's epidemiology and pertinent control measures. a serological survey was thus performed, with indirect immunofluorescence (iif) for canine leishmaniasis in farm operations belonging to the companhia melhoramentos norte do paraná, in jussara and terra boa counties, in northwestern paraná. iif was performed on 132 dogs, of which 24 (18.2%) had significant titers (>/=40). ...	1996	10904311
[epidemiologic aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic area of the state of paraná, brazil]	an epidemiological investigation of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) was performed in 1992 and 1993 in an endemic area of jussara and terra boa counties, in the northern paraná state. the study covered 684 individuals from a population of approximately 1,400 from six agricultural areas (fazenda palmital, cerâmica andirá, fazenda jussara, fazenda lagoa, destilaria melhoramentos, and fazenda mururê) in northern paraná, brazil. the mean frequency of cl history was 19.9%. the highest frequency was at fa ...	1996	10904316
linkage problem, distribution estimation, and bayesian networks.	this paper proposes an algorithm that uses an estimation of the joint distribution of promising solutions in order to generate new candidate solutions. the algorithm is settled into the context of genetic and evolutionary computation and the algorithms based on the estimation of distributions. the proposed algorithm is called the bayesian optimization algorithm (boa). to estimate the distribution of promising solutions, the techniques for modeling multivariate data by bayesian networks are used. ...	2000	11001554
the evolution of loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17 during the progression to barrett's adenocarcinoma involves a unique combination of target sites in individual specimens.	we have previously identified thirteen common minimally deleted regions (mrs) on chromosome 17 in twelve barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma (boa) specimens using 41 precisely mapped microsatellite markers (dunn et al., oncogene, 17: 987-993, 1999). the aim of the present study has been to identify the earliest sites of loss on this chromosome that arise and persist during the progression to boa. this has been undertaken by the analysis of multiple carefully microdissected tissue samples from ea ...	2000	11051253
isolation and characterization of an antigenically distinct 68-kd protein from nonviral intracytoplasmic inclusions in boa constrictors chronically infected with the inclusion body disease virus (ibdv: retroviridae).	the relationship between a retroviral infection and the development of nonviral intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies was studied in a boa constrictor model. twelve juvenile age- and size-matched inclusion body disease (ibd)-negative boas were randomly divided into three groups. each group was inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 ml of an ibd virus (ibdv)-infected liver homogenate or 1 ml of normal boa liver homogenate (sham-inoculated control) or was left untreated. all boas were monitored for devel ...	2000	11055868
audit of open tibial diaphyseal fracture management at a district accident centre.	preston acute hospital is a designated district accident centre with a 24 h flying squad and on-site plastic and orthopaedic units. we performed a retrospective 5-year survey of open tibial shaft fracture management at our unit and compared our treatment to the guidelines of the british orthopaedic association (boa) and british association of plastic surgeons (baps). deficiencies were highlighted and changes in practice made. we then re-audited our figures over an 18-month period to see if clini ...	2000	11103167
adenovirus hepatitis in a boa constrictor (boa constrictor).	a boa constrictor was submitted for postmortem evaluation. at necropsy, there were no substantial lesions except in the liver. light microscopy revealed severe multifocal to coalescing coagulative necrotic hepatitis, with basophilic and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in hepatocytes within the necrotic foci. the histopathological findings suggested a viral hepatitis. an adenoviral infection was diagnosed by means of transmission electronic microscopy and in situ hybridization techniques.	2000	11108462
[peridomiciliary changes and implications for triatoma brasiliensis control].	a total of 9,906 annexes from 1,541 rural dwellings of boa viagem county, ceará, brazil, infested by triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata were investigated and immediately sprayed with pyrethroid insecticide, followed by revisions at 6, 12, and 18 months. the initial infestation rate of annexes was 4.0%, with predominant infestation in animal shelters (7.0%). mean insect density was low, regardless of triatomine species or type of annex. a progressive decrease in the number of initi ...	2000	11119322
[focal and total residual insecticide spraying to control triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata in northeast brazil].	to efficiently control the triatomines triatoma brasiliensis and triatoma pseudomaculata, a field trial was performed to compare conventional versus focal spraying of deltamethrin 5% sc at 25 mg a. i./m2 and the slow-release organophosphate malathion 8.3% sr at 2g a. i./m2. the assay took place in the county of boa viagem, ceará state, with 1541 households, randomly separated into 4 groups. two of them received focal spraying: pt, treated with deltamethrin indoors and in the peridomicile, and pl ...	2000	11119328
the life-cycle and ultrastructure of sarcocystis ameivamastigodryasi n. sp., in the lizard ameiva ameiva (teiidae) and the snake mastigodryas bifossatus (colubridae).	sarcocysts in muscles of the teiid lizard ameiva ameiva from north brazil were fed to the colubrid snake mastigodryas bifossatus, the faeces of which had been shown to be devoid of coccidial oocysts or sporocysts. when necropsied 16 days later the snake was shown to have developed a massive intestinal infection of sarcocystis. mature sporocysts from another, naturally infected m. bifossatus were fed to juvenile specimens of a. ameiva in which no sarcocysts could be detected in tail muscle biopsi ...	2000	11147034
mitochondrial dna-based phylogeography of north american rubber boas, charina bottae (serpentes: boidae).	we used 783 bp of mitochondrial dna sequences to study the phylogeography of charina bottae (rubber boa) in western north america, with an emphasis on populations from california (u.s.a.). maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood methods identified a basal divergence within c. bottae that corresponds to southern and northern segments of its current distribution. these clades coincide with the ranges of the two recognized subspecies, c. b. umbratica in the south and c. b. bottae to the north. a s ...	2001	11161758
costs of outpatient anticoagulant treatment in patients with cerebral and peripheral arterial occlusive disease.	knowledge of the costs of oral anticoagulant (ac) treatment may be relevant for resource allocation. also, the incremental costs may be compared with other treatments for health care policy decisions. in this report, we have assessed actual costs of anticoagulant therapy in anticoagulation clinics (ac-clinic) in three different settings in the netherlands.	2001	11204588
partial characterization of retroviruses from boid snakes with inclusion body disease.	to characterize retroviruses isolated from boid snakes with inclusion body disease (ibd).	2001	11212031
optimal oral anticoagulant intensity to prevent secondary ischemic and hemorrhagic events in patients after infrainguinal bypass graft surgery. dutch boa study group.	the purpose of this study was to determine the optimal intensity of oral anticoagulation in patients who participated in a randomized trial of oral anticoagulants or aspirin after infrainguinal bypass graft surgery.	2001	11241122
detoxification of corn antimicrobial compounds as the basis for isolating fusarium verticillioides and some other fusarium species from corn.	the preformed antimicrobial compounds produced by maize, 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and its desmethoxy derivative 2,4-dihydroxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, are highly reactive benzoxazinoids that quickly degrade to the antimicrobials 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (mboa) and 2-benzoxazolinone (boa), respectively. fusarium verticillioides (= f. moniliforme) is highly tolerant to mboa and boa and can actively transform these compounds to nontoxic metabolites. eleven of 29 fusarium s ...	2001	11425710
retinal photoreceptors and visual pigments in boa constrictor imperator.	the photoreceptors of boa constrictor, a boid snake of the subfamily boinae, were examined with scanning electron microscopy and microspectrophotometry. the retina of b. constrictor is duplex but highly dominated by rods, cones comprising 11% of the photoreceptor population. the rather tightly packed rods have relatively long outer segments with proximal ends that are somewhat tapered. there are two morphologically distinct, single cones. the most common cone by far has a large inner segment and ...	2001	11550183
novel mri contrast agent for molecular imaging of fibrin: implications for detecting vulnerable plaques.	molecular imaging of thrombus within fissures of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques requires sensitive detection of a robust thrombus-specific contrast agent. in this study, we report the development and characterization of a novel ligand-targeted paramagnetic molecular imaging agent with high avidity for fibrin and the potential to sensitively detect active vulnerable plaques.	2001	11551880
light microscopical structure and ultrastructure of a besnoitia sp. in the naturally infected lizard ameiva ameiva (teiidae) from north brazil, and in experimentally infected mice.	a besnoitia species of the teiid lizard ameiva ameiva (l.), from north brazil was established in laboratory mice and hamster by the intraperitoneal inoculation of bradyzoites in the tissue cysts. in the lizards all the cyst wall layers were closely apposed. in the mice the layers of the wall were distinguishable, and ultrastructurally the inner cytoplasmic layer contained either a tight network of endoplasmic reticulum or packed mitochondria or both. these components were less frequent or sparse ...	2001	11578088
experimental study of induced inflammation in the brazilian boa (boa constrictor constrictor).	the objective of this work was to identify the cellular types present in inflammatory processes in the brazilian snake, boa constrictor constrictor. blood smears were first made from three normal snakes and stained by several methods to identify the cell types present, thus facilitating the identification of cells in inflammatory processes induced in 16 further snakes by the subcutaneous implantation of cotton suture threads and circular coverslips. implanted threads induced migration of heterop ...	2003	11578134
glycoside carbamates from benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one detoxification in extracts and exudates of corn roots.	zea mays was incubated with the natural phytotoxin benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) to investigate the detoxification process. a hitherto unknown detoxification product, 1-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-beta-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate (3), was isolated and identified. a reinvestigation of known boa detoxification products by nmr methods led to the finding that the structure of benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one-n-beta-glucoside (1) first reported from avena sativa has to be revised. in fact, the correct struct ...	2001	11672748
altered visual experience and acute visual deprivation affect predatory targeting by infrared-imaging boid snakes.	boid and crotaline snakes use both their eyes and infrared-imaging facial pit organs to target homeothermic prey. these snakes can target in complete darkness, but the eyes can also effectively direct predatory strikes. we investigated the behavioral correlates of boid snakes' simultaneous use of two imaging systems by testing whether congenital unilateral visual deprivation affects targeting performance. normally sighted burmese pythons exhibited average targeting angle of zero (on the midline ...	2001	11701137
autonomic control of heart rate during forced activity and digestion in the snake boa constrictor.	reptiles, particularly snakes, exhibit large and quantitatively similar increments in metabolic rate during muscular exercise and following a meal, when they are apparently inactive. the cardiovascular responses are similar during these two states, but the underlying autonomic control of the heart remains unknown. we describe both adrenergic and cholinergic tonus on the heart during rest, during enforced activity and during digestion (24-36 h after ingestion of 30 % of their body mass) in the sn ...	2001	11707504
[socioeconomic and demographic indicators and nutritional status of children in a rural land settlement in rio de janeiro].	this study evaluated socioeconomic indicators and nutritional status in 201 children and adolescents in a rural land settlement in são josé da boa morte, rio de janeiro. nutritional deficit was defined as a value below -2 z score for the reference median from the national center for health statistics (nchs) for weight-for-age (w/a) and stature-for-age (s/a) for children under five years of age and weight-for-stature (w/s) and s/a for children from 5.0 to 9.9 years. for adolescents, the study use ...	2013	11784907
the cost-effectiveness of preoperative testing (basic office assessment vs. urodynamics) for stress urinary incontinence in women.	to compare the cost-effectiveness of preoperative testing strategies in women with stress incontinence symptoms, as although urodynamic testing is used to improve the diagnostic accuracy in women with incontinence, the clinical and economic consequences of different levels of testing have not been evaluated.	2002	11872024
fdb1 and fdb2, fusarium verticillioides loci necessary for detoxification of preformed antimicrobials from corn.	fusarium verticillioides is a fungus of significant economic importance because of its deleterious effects on plant and animal health and on the quality of their products. corn (zea mays) is the primary host for f. verticillioides, and we have investigated the impact of the plant's antimicrobial compounds (dimboa, diboa, mboa, and boa) on fungal virulence and systemic colonization. f. verticillioides is able to metabolize these antimicrobials, and genetic analyses indicated two loci, fdb1 and fd ...	2002	11876429
biting indices, host-seeking activity and natural infection rates of anopheline species in boa vista, roraima, brazil from 1996 to 1998.	the epidemiology of the transmission of malaria parasites varies ecologically. to observe some entomological aspects of the malaria transmission in an urban environment, a longitudinal survey of anopheline fauna was performed in boa vista, roraima, brazil. a total of 7,263 anophelines was collected in human bait at 13 de setembro and caranã districts: anopheles albitarsis sensu lato (82.8%), an. darlingi (10.3%), an. braziliensis (5.5%), an. peryassui (0.9%) and an. nuneztovari (0.5%). nightly 1 ...	2002	12016435
hematopoiesis in snakes (ophidia).	locations of the hematopoietic tissue have been described in the following ophidian species: bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacusu, waglerophis merremii, elaphe teniura teniura, boa constrictor, and python reticulatus. studies were carried out on perfusion fixed vertebrae, ribs, spleen, liver, thymus, and kidney. routine histological technique was applied using both light and electron microscopy. hematopoietic tissue was found in the following locations of the vertebrae: neural spine, neural ar ...	2002	12056654
long-term visual outcomes in the cataract-free zone project in brazil.	to determine the long-term visual outcomes and causes of poor vision in the cataract population in brazil treated in the cataract-free zone project.	2002	12059863
gastric lavage from a madagascar tree boa (sanzinia madagascarensis).		2000	12070806
identification and characterization of two closely related unclassifiable endogenous retroviruses in pythons (python molurus and python curtus).	boid inclusion body disease (bibd) is a fatal disorder of boid snakes that is suspected to be caused by a retrovirus. in order to identify this agent, leukocyte cultures (established from python molurus specimens with symptoms of bibd or kept together with such diseased animals) were assessed for reverse transcriptase (rt) activity. virus from cultures exhibiting high rt activity was banded on sucrose density gradients, and the rt peak fraction was subjected to highly efficient procedures for th ...	0	12097574
the influence of hyperhomocysteinemia on graft patency after infrainguinal bypass surgery in the dutch boa study.	hyperhomocysteinemia has been identified as a risk factor for (cardio)vascular disease. whether hyperhomocysteinemia contributes to graft failure after peripheral bypass surgery remains unclear. the present study evaluated the influence of hyperhomocysteinemia on graft patency after infrainguinal bypass surgery.	2002	12170215
sifaka predation by a large boa.		2003	12207063
boa constrictor attack and successful group defence in moustached tamarins, saguinus mystax.		2006	12207064
haematopoiesis and a new mechanism for the release of mature blood cells from the bone marrow into the circulation in snakes (ophidia).	this is the first description of haematopoiesis in snakes. studies were carried out on the following species belonging to ophidia: bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacusu, waglerophis merremii, elaphe taeniura taeniura, boa constrictor,and python reticulatus. smears of the peripheral blood and histological preparations from the vertebrae, ribs, liver, and spleen were studied under a light and electron microscope. myeloid cells were present in the following locations in the vertebrae: the neural s ...	2002	12242485
occupation and urbanization of roraima state, brazil.	the author examines settlement patterns and urbanization of the remote area of roraima state, brazil. "a survey conducted in the capital city, boa vista, provides information on migration histories and migrants' characteristics.... current views of urbanization of the amazon [region] are focused on the displacement factor that development and state geopolitics have upon rural settlements...." the author also suggests that more attention needs to be paid to the characteristics of migrants in the ...	1997	12294841
biotransformation of 2-benzoxazolinone and 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one by endophytic fungi isolated from aphelandra tetragona.	the biotransformation of the phytoanticipins 2-benzoxazolinone (boa) and 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (hboa) by four endophytic fungi isolated from aphelandra tetragona was studied. using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, several new products of acylation, oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and nitration were identified. fusarium sambucinum detoxified boa and hboa to n-(2-hydroxyphenyl)malonamic acid. plectosporium tabacinum, gliocladium cibotii, and chaetosphaeria sp. t ...	2002	12324332
aerobic metabolism during predation by a boid snake.	we quantified the oxygen uptake rates (vo(2)) and time spent, during the constriction, inspection, and ingestion of prey of different relative sizes, by the prey-constricting boid snake boa constrictor amarali. time spent in prey constriction varied from 7.6 to 16.3 min, and vo(2) during prey constriction increased 6.8-fold above resting values. this was the most energy expensive predation phase but neither time spent nor metabolic rate during this phase were correlated with prey size. similarly ...	2002	12443908
[the interdiction of disease: a cultural construction of schistosomiasis in an endemic area in minas gerais, brazil].	this study was conducted in a rural area endemic for schistosomiasis in minas gerais, brazil. the objective was to determine the relationship between an environmental and health education program for schistosomiasis, implemented for teachers and students from the state secondary school in the village of boa união, and the subsequent actions of its participants in regards to the environment and the illness. an important difference in this program is its perspective that it is not merely the imple ...	2016	12488890
morphologic and morphometric analysis of hepatozoon spp. (apicomplexa, hepatozoidae) of snakes.	hepatozoon species are the most abundant hemoparasites of snakes. its identification has been based mainly on the morphologic characterization of the gamonts in the peripheral blood of the vertebrate host and also of the cysts found in the internal organs of the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. using a computerized image analysis system, we studied five species of hepatozoon from recently captured snakes in botucatu, state of s o paulo, brazil, to evaluate the importance of the morphology and ...	2003	12563486
use of an elisa for detection of antibody responses in argentine boa constrictors (boa constrictor occidentalis).	to develop mouse monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies against immunoglobulin of argentine boa constrictors and to demonstrate the ability of these reagents to detect antibody responses in boa constrictors by use of an elisa and western blot analysis.	2003	12693526
the blossoming of evidence-based clinical rheumatology: the arthritis research campaign's clinical trials collaboration in association with the mrc clinical trials unit, bsr and boa.		2003	12730530
white-faced capuchins cooperate to rescue a groupmate from a boa constrictor.		2003	12778926
identification of intermediate and branch metabolites resulting from biotransformation of 2-benzoxazolinone by fusarium verticillioides.	detoxification of the maize (zea mays) antimicrobial compound 2-benzoxazolinone by the fungal endophyte fusarium verticillioides involves two genetic loci, fdb1 and fdb2, and results in the formation of n-(2-hydroxyphenyl)malonamic acid. intermediate and branch metabolites were previously suggested to be part of the biotransformation pathway. evidence is presented here in support of 2-aminophenol as the intermediate metabolite and 2-acetamidophenol as the branch metabolite, which was previously ...	2003	12788712
obesity, regional fat distribution, and syndrome x in obese black versus white adolescents: race differential in diabetogenic and atherogenic risk factors.	the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children is increasing with the increasing prevalence of obesity, particularly in african-american children. we hypothesized that african-american obese adolescents are more insulin resistant than their white peers, but have lower insulin secretion, thus increasing their risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. the present study investigated insulin sensitivity and secretion, visceral adiposity (vat), and cardiovascular disease (cvd) risk profile in black ob ...	2003	12788850
temperature and meal size effects on the postprandial metabolism and energetics in a boid snake.	we investigated the combined effect of meal size and temperature on the aerobic metabolism and energetics of digestion in boa constrictor amarali. oxygen uptake rates (vd2;o2) and the duration of the digestion were determined in snakes fed with meals equaling to 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of the snake's body mass at 25 degrees and 30 degrees c. the maximum vd2;o2 values attained during digestion were greater at 30 degrees c than at 25 degrees c. both maximal vd2;o2 values and the duration of the spec ...	2006	12794677
physical and transcript map of the minimally deleted region iii on 17p implicated in the early development of barrett's oesophageal adenocarcinoma.	allelic imbalance (ai) studies on chromosome 17 (c17) in barrett's oesophageal adenocarcinoma (boa) tumours strongly suggest that a minimally deleted region on c17p harbours a boa-associated gene with tumour suppressor function. this deleted region, designated minimal region iii (mriii), lies between the two microsatellite markers d17s1852 and d17s954. computational sequence analysis techniques, blast and nix, were used to assemble a physical map of mriii, consisting of three overlapping bacteri ...	2003	12821948
improved molecular imaging contrast agent for detection of human thrombus.	molecular imaging of microthrombus within fissures of unstable atherosclerotic plaques requires sensitive detection with a thrombus-specific agent. effective molecular imaging has been previously demonstrated with fibrin-targeted gd-dtpa-bis-oleate (boa) nanoparticles. in this study, the relaxivity of an improved fibrin-targeted paramagnetic formulation, gd-dtpa-phosphatidylethanolamine (pe), was compared with gd-dtpa-boa at 0.05-4.7 t. ion- and particle-based r(1) relaxivities (1.5 t) for gd-dt ...	2003	12876719
ultrastructural studies on the sporogony of hepatozoon spp. in culex quinquefasciatus say, 1823 fed on infected caiman crocodilus and boa constrictor from northern brazil.	laboratory reared culex quinquefasciatus say, 1823 originating from the vicinity of belem, in northern brazil, were allowed to engorge on caimans (caiman c. crocodilus) infected with hepatozoon caimani (carini, 1909) and boas (boa constrictor) infected with h. cf. terzii (sambon and seligmann, 1907) both from para state. engorged mosquitoes killed on successive days post-feeding (p.f.) were studied by transmission electron microscopy. images of oocysts from 13 days p.f., caiman-fed mosquitoes we ...	2003	12954016
development of a liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative determination of benzoxazinone derivatives in plants.	a new method for the quantification of benzoxazinone derivatives in extracts of wheat foliage and root samples using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-esi-ms-ms) is described. using this method, the characterization, separation, and quantitative detection of a mixture of six naturally occurring 1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one derivatives, including the hydroxamic acids (dimboa, diboa), lactams (hboa, and hmboa), benzoxazilinones (boa, mboa), and two synthetic me ...	2003	12964761
[the nuchal organ of sthenelais boa (johnston)].		1954	13161212
[hematoscopic investigation in detection of microfilaria in boa vista, capital of the territory of rio branco].		1954	13267105
[capture of prey, ingestion of food & growth of boa constrictor (l.)].		1959	13626630
[urinary, fecal & intestinal gas excretion in the boa constrictor (l.)].		1959	13670023
karyotypic studies of two species of south american snakes (boa constrictor amarali and bothrops jararaca).		1962	13970029
intraepithelial protozoon, klossiella boae n. sp. in the kidneys of a boa constrictor.		1964	14184367
utilisation of electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry for solving complex fragmentation patterns: application to benzoxazinone derivatives.	in this paper we describe the application of electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry (esi-tofms) to structural elucidation of the fragment ions formed from a range of natural and synthetic allelochemical derivatives. the extensive mass spectrometric characterisation of ten non-glucosylated benzoxazinone derivatives using this method is described here for the first time. the analytes include six naturally occurring 1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one derivatives, including the hydroxamic acids dimboa ...	2003	14595855
the current management of tibial fractures: are clinical guidelines effective?	the production of clinical guidelines is increasing and will continue to do so with the introduction of clinical governance. in 1997, the british orthopaedic association (boa) and the british association of plastic surgeons (baps) published joint guidelines on the management of open tibial fractures. it is not known whether these guidelines reached their target audience, or indeed influenced clinical practice.	2003	14629886
microbial transformation products of benzoxazolinone and benzoxazinone allelochemicals--a review.	cyclic hydroxamic acids and lactams are allelochemicals present in the common agricultural crops wheat, rye, and maize. the hydroxamic acids are mainly present in the plants as glucosides. upon injury or insect attack or when exuded to the soil environment, the hydroxamic acids occur in their unstable agluconic form. in the first step in the transformation of hydroxamic acids, benzoxazolinones are formed spontaneously. it is necessary to elucidate the further microbial transformation of these co ...	2004	14664831
aedes aegypti in brazil: genetically differentiated populations with high susceptibility to dengue and yellow fever viruses.	aedes aegypti was eliminated from brazil in 1955, but re-infested the country in the 1970s. dengue outbreaks have occurred since 1981 and became endemic in several cities in brazil after 1986. urban yellow fever has not occurred since 1942, and only jungle yellow fever cases have been reported. a population genetic analysis using isoenzyme variation combined with an evaluation of susceptibility to both yellow fever and dengue 2 viruses was conducted among 23 a. aegypti samples from 13 brazilian ...	2004	14702837
a parvovirus isolated from royal python (python regius) is a member of the genus dependovirus.	parvoviruses were isolated from python regius and boa constrictor snakes and propagated in viper heart (vh-2) and iguana heart (igh-2) cells. the full-length genome of a snake parvovirus was cloned and both strands were sequenced. the organization of the 4432-nt-long genome was found to be typical of parvoviruses. this genome was flanked by inverted terminal repeats (itrs) of 154 nt, containing 122 nt terminal hairpins and contained two large open reading frames, encoding the non-structural and ...	2004	14993638
primary total hip replacement: a comparison of a nationally agreed guide to best practice and current surgical technique as determined by the north west regional arthroplasty register.	in 1999, a statement of best practice in primary total hip replacement was approved by the council of the british orthopaedic association (boa) and by the british hip society (bhs) to provide a basis for regional and national auditable standards. we have compared practice in the north west region of england to this document to ascertain adherence to this guide to best practice.	2004	15005930
ventilatory compensation of the alkaline tide during digestion in the snake boa constrictor.	the increased metabolic rate during digestion is associated with changes in arterial acid-base parameters that are caused by gastric acid secretion (the 'alkaline tide'). net transfer of hcl to the stomach lumen causes an increase in plasma hco3- levels, but arterial ph does not change because of a ventilatory compensation that counters the metabolic alkalosis. it seems, therefore, that ventilation is controlled to preserve ph and not pco2 during the postprandial period. to investigate this poss ...	2004	15010489
fatal attack of a boa constrictor on a bearded saki (chiropotes satanas utahicki).		2004	15010586
identification of chlamydophila pneumoniae in an emerald tree boa, corallus caninus.	tissues were evaluated from emerald tree boas, corallus caninus, from a collection in which chlamydiosis was diagnosed. to determine the strain of chlamydia infecting these snakes, tissue samples from 5 frozen snakes were tested by a quantitative taqman polymerase chain reaction (pcr) test and a pcr sequence analysis test. of the 22 samples tested, 9 were categorized as either positive or weakly positive with the taqman test, and 6 yielded an amplicon using a serial pcr test that amplified a por ...	2004	15053368
a novel laboratory screening bioassay for crop seedling allelopathy.	crops that control weeds by root exudation of allelochemicals are receiving increased attention, and there are efforts to breed allelopathic cultivars in several crops. the genetic improvement of allelopathic traits is based upon parental germ plasm with high allelopathic activity. identification of allelopathic germplasm is done in laboratory screening bioassays, but experimental protocols are limited. we developed a fast and reliable laboratory screening bioassay for grain crops that includes ...	2004	15074665
acute and chronic impacts caused by aromatic hydrocarbons on bacterial communities at boa viagem and forte do rio branco beaches, guanabara bay, brazil.	the bacterial community presented significantly different hydrocarbonoclastic activity under acute and chronic impacts. benzoic acid, toluene, benzene and xylene were used in final concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mm and bacterial biomass was quantified through protein dosage. under acute impact, the highest biomass percentages occurred between the 11th and 14th days; under chronic impact, between the 20th and 29th days. under acute and chronic impacts, the bacterial biomass presented higher nutri ...	2000	15092959
growth inhibition and root ultrastructure of cucumber seedlings exposed to allelochemicals from rye (secale cereale).	inhibition of "calypso" cucumber seedling growth by rye allelochemicals, 2(3h)-benzoxazolinone boa and 2,4-dihydroxy-1,4(2h)-benzoxazin-3-one diboa, was studied by analyzing the growth of seedling tissues and organs. light and electron microscopy of seedling root cells were also carried out to investigate the mechanism(s) of root growth inhibition and mode of action of these compounds. boa inhibited root elongation and reduced the number of cucumber lateral roots by 77 and 100% at 0.1 and 0.43 m ...	2004	15139316
uptake and translocation of phytochemical 2-benzoxazolinone (boa) in radish seeds and seedlings.	the molecular aspects of phytochemical interactions between plants, especially the process of phytochemical translocation by the target plant, remain challenging for those studying allelopathy. 2-benzoxazolinone (boa) is a natural chemical produced by rye (secale cereale) and is known to have phytotoxic effects on weed seeds and seedlings. the translocation of boa into target plants has been poorly investigated. therefore, the total absorption of [ring u 14c] boa was estimated by oxidizing whole ...	2004	15181106
hepatozoon cf. terzii (sambon & seligman, 1907) infection in the snake boa constrictor constrictor from north brazil: transmission to the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus and the lizard tropidurus torquatus.	specimens of hepatozoon-infected boa constrictor constrictor were obtained from localities in pará state, north brazil. gametocytes in erythrocytes of the peripheral blood measured 10 x 2.5-16.2 x 3.7 microns. they were similar to those described as haemogregarina terzii by sambon & seligmann (1907) in b. c. constrictor, in that they did not distort the infected erythrocyte, and their dimensions approximated those given by carini (1947). lungs and liver of infected snakes contained actively divi ...	2004	15224579
contents of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones and 2-benzoxazolinone from stenandrium dulce (nees).	secondary metabolites, diboa, hboa, 7-oh-hboa and boa, were isolated and quantified from s. dulce (nees), a native species in chile belonging to the acanthaceae family. the highest diboa and hboa contents were determined in leaves (9.25 mmol kg(-1) fr. wt) and root (6.81 mmol kg(-1) fr. wt), respectively. aglycones, 7-oh-hboa and hboa, were isolated together from root extracts of acanthaceae species. both, hboa and 7-oh-hboa should be direct precursors in the biosynthesis of diboa and dimboa, re ...	2009	15241920
[perception of work conditions in a traditional farming community in boa esperança, nova friburgo, rio de janeiro state, brazil].	the impact of pesticide use on human and environmental health has received attention from the international scientific community for some time, especially in developing countries where such chemical agents are used extensively and indiscriminately. the present study adopts a methodological approach to risk perception analysis based on rapid surveys, including: participatory observation; semi-structured interviews with key informants; and evaluation of local work processes. field data analysis re ...	2004	15300299
type a-like retroviral particles in a metastatic intestinal adenocarcinoma in an emerald tree boa (corallus caninus).	a metastatic intestinal papillary adenocarcinoma was diagnosed histologically in an emerald tree boa (corallus caninus). metastasis was detected in the liver, both kidneys, lung, and coelomic wall. ultrastructural examination of the metastatic intestinal epithelial cells in the liver revealed the presence of a moderate number of viral particles that most closely resembled type a retroviral particles and were mainly associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum membranes. this case is the first ...	2004	15347825
genetic stability of micropropagated almond plantlets, as assessed by rapd and issr markers.	almond shoots produced by axillary branching from clone vii derived from a seedling of cultivar boa casta were evaluated for somaclonal variation using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and inter-simple sequence repeats (issr) analysis. to verify genetic stability we compared rapd and issr patterns of plantlets obtained after 4 and 6 years of in vitro multiplication. a total of 64 rapd and 10 issr primers gave 326 distinct and reproducible band classes, monomorphic across all 22 plantlet ...	2004	15372197
yellow fever at boa vista.		1949	15396196
assessing convergence of markov chain monte carlo simulations in hierarchical bayesian models for population pharmacokinetics.	advances in computer hardware and the associated computer-intensive algorithms made feasible by these advances [like markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) data analysis techniques] have made possible the application of hierarchical full bayesian methods in analyzing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (pk-pd) data sets that are multivariate in nature. pharmacokinetic data analysis in particular has been one area that has seized upon this technology to refine estimates of drug parameters from sparse da ...	2004	15493516
inferring the phylogenetic position of boa constrictor among the boinae.	snakes of the subfamily boinae are found in madagascar, the papuan-pacific islands, and the neotropics. it has been suggested that genera within each of these particular areas do not form monophyletic groups. further, it was proposed that the new world boa constrictor is more closely related to boine genera in madagascar than to boines in the neotropics. along with inferring the relationship of all boine genera using data from the cytochrome b gene and morphology, the placement of boa was also e ...	2005	15579390
degradation studies on benzoxazinoids. soil degradation dynamics of (2r)-2-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-(2h)- 1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (diboa-glc) and its degradation products, phytotoxic allelochemicals from gramineae.	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been found to possess allelopathic potential and studies have been conduced to apply wheat allelopathy for biological weed control. 2,4-dihydroxy-(2h)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (diboa) is a common product found in wheat, corn, and rye exudates and it can be released to the environment by that way. in this report, the stability of diboa is studied in two soils from crop lands of wheat cv. astron and cv. ritmo. these varieties were selected by their concentrations o ...	2005	15686401
gait and clinical measurements in patients with knee osteoarthritis after surgery: a prospective 5-year follow-up study.	the aim of this prospective follow-up study was to determine if gait measurements and/or clinical measurements could detect differences in treatment outcome between two surgical interventions in patients with knee osteoarthritis (oa). the patients were followed for 5 years after surgery. forty patients, 55-70 years of age, with unilateral knee oa were included. the patients were treated either with a high tibial osteotomy (hto) (n=18) or a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (uka) (n=22). clinica ...	2005	15749447
[the health status of yanomámi indians: diagnosis from the casa do indio, boa vista, roraima, 1987 - 1989].	the change in the morbidity profile of the yanomámi indians admitted to the casa do indio, at boa vista, roraima, from january 1987 to august 1989, is reported. the most frequent diseases observed in 495 patients were malaria, acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis, severe under nutrition, and sexually transmitted diseases. malaria was the main cause of death of 114 indians throughout the period. a striking increase in hospital admissions was noted in the population from the villages which w ...	2013	15798859
detoxification and transcriptome response in arabidopsis seedlings exposed to the allelochemical benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one.	benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) is an allelochemical most commonly associated with monocot species, formed from the o-glucoside of 2,4-dihydroxy-2h-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one by a two-step degradation process. the capacity of arabidopsis to detoxify exogenously supplied boa was analyzed by quantification of the major known metabolites boa-6-oh, boa-6-o-glucoside, and glucoside carbamate, revealing that detoxification occurs predominantly through o-glucosylation of the intermediate boa-6-oh, most like ...	2005	15824099
primary total knee replacement: a comparison of a nationally agreed guide to best practice and current surgical technique as determined by the north west regional arthroplasty register.	in 1999, a statement of best practice in primary total hip replacement was approved by the council of the british orthopaedic association (boa) and by the british association for surgery of the knee (bask) to provide a basis for regional and national auditable standards: we have compared practice in the north west of england to this document to ascertain adherence to this guide to best practice.	2005	15826423
transformation products of 2-benzoxazolinone (boa) in soil.	three degradation experiments were performed to examine the formation of transformation products from 2-benzoxazolinone (boa) in different soil types and concentrations. in two experiments using boa in low concentration (400 microgkg(-1)) only one unidentified transformation product was found, whereas in the degradation experiment in high concentration (400 mgkg(-1)) several metabolites occurred. two of these metabolites, 2-amino-(3h)-phenoxazin-3-one (apo); and 2-acetylamino-(3h)-phenoxazin-3-o ...	2005	15876449
the management of compound leg injuries in the west midlands (uk): are we meeting current guidelines?	the joint british association of plastic surgeons and british orthopaedic association (baps/boa) guidelines for the management of patients with open tibia fractures were published in 1991 and 1997 and provided a synopsis of injury epidemiology and best care. we present a retrospective review of 66 patients treated over a 2-year period (january 2001-february 2003) at a regional plastic surgery unit. there were 33 direct admissions and 33 transfers from other hospitals in which the average delay i ...	2005	15927147
risk of major haemorrhage in patients after infrainguinal venous bypass surgery: therapeutic consequences? the dutch boa (bypass oral anticoagulants or aspirin) study.	the beneficial effect of oral anticoagulants after infrainguinal venous bypass surgery is compromised by bleeding complications. we developed a model to identify patients, treated with anticoagulation, at risk of major haemorrhage and estimated whether this complication could have been prevented if patients had received aspirin.	2005	15996602
seasonal variation of hepatozoon spp. (apicomplexa, hepatozoidae) parasitemia from boa constrictor amarali (serpentes, boidae) and hydrodynastes gigas (serpentes, colubridae).	the aim of this study was to evaluate the parasitemia variation of three hepatozoon species in brazilian snakes. this study was conducted between 2001 and 2003 and included hepatozoon terzii from boa constrictor amarali, and hepatozoon migonei and hepatozoon cyclagrasi from hydrodynastes gigas. it was observed that the parasitemia tended to decrease in all three hepatozoon species but the parasites were not eliminated. this data suggest that hepatozoon infection may be similar to toxoplasma gond ...	2005	15999279