Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| small collection techniques in the channel catfish during prolonged pharmacokinetic experiments. | 2011 | 3212932 | |
| isolation, characterization, and molecular cloning of cryptic plasmids isolated from edwardsiella ictaluri. | fifty-five isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri were examined for the presence of plasmid dna by a rapid alkaline extraction procedure. all 49 isolates from channel catfish and a single isolate from bengal danio carried 2 plasmids with molecular masses of approximately 3.2 and 3.7 megadaltons (mdal). five e ictaluri isolates from other fish contained 1 to 3 plasmids, which had molecular masses ranging from 2.5 to 45 mdal. the 2 plasmids (3.2 and 3.7 mdal) from the type strain of e ictaluri (atcc 33 ... | 1988 | 3247906 |
| phylogeny of lymphocyte heterogeneity: identification and separation of functionally distinct subpopulations of channel catfish lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies. | the purpose of this study was to identify monoclonal antibodies reactive with channel catfish t cells. since a variety of commercially available anti-human and mouse t cell reagents failed to react with channel catfish leucocytes, the development of anti-fish t cell monoclonal antibodies was undertaken. one of these reagents, designated mab 13c10, reacted with channel catfish surface immunoglobulin negative, but not positive, lymphocytes. this reagent, when used in "panning" protocols, was able ... | 1987 | 3326758 |
| antimicrobials and fish: a review of drugs used to treat bacterial diseases of channel catfish and rainbow trout. | the principal bacterial diseases of cultured rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), and the antibacterials used in their treatment are briefly reviewed. gram-negative bacteria predominate, and oxytetracycline is effective in treatment of infections induced by them. the only antibacterials now registered by the us food and drug administration are sulfamerazine for the treatment of furunculosis in trout, and oxytetracycline for the treatment of furunculosis in s ... | 1986 | 3334692 |
| the distribution of branchial carbonic anhydrase and the effects of gill and erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase inhibition in the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. | carbonic anhydrase (ca) activity was assayed in lysed erythrocytes and in branchial cytoplasm, mitochondria and microsomes of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. branchial ca activity was highest in the cytoplasmic fraction, but activity was very low in mitochondria and microsomes. erythrocyte ca activity was over four-fold greater than that in the gills. intact animals were injected with the ca inhibitors acetazolamide and benzolamide. slow, intra-arterial injection of both inhibitors eli ... | 2012 | 3356962 |
| visual system of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): iii. fiber order in the optic nerve and optic tract. | in channel catfish the ganglion cell axons leave the retina via a ring of approximately 13 separate optic papillae. each papilla serves an area of retina extending from the central zone of the retina to the periphery. papillae located at a dorsal position in the ring serve exclusively dorsal retina. ventrally located papillae, however, have an exaggerated peripheral retinal representation, so that they serve mostly ventral retina but also some areas of peripheral retina dorsal to the nasal and t ... | 1988 | 3360990 |
| secretory immunity induced in catfish, ictalurus punctatus, following bath immunization. | individual adult channel catfish were immunized by immersion in an antigen bath containing dinitrophenylated-horse serum albumin. anti-dnp hemagglutination titers of serum and cutaneous mucus were determined following both primary and secondary bath immunization. the results showed that five of the six fish had a cutaneous mucosal anti-dnp titer following the bath immunizations. in contrast, only one of the six catfish was shown to have any demonstrable change in its serum anti-dnp titer followi ... | 1987 | 3440500 |
| acanthocephala from lake fishes in wisconsin: ecology and host relationships of pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (pomphorhynchidae). | pomphorhynchus bulbocolli linkins in van cleave, 1919, was considerably more common in fishes of the river-connected tichigan lake than of the landlocked silver lake, southeastern wisconsin. it is reported from 17 species of principal, accessory, and occasional definitive hosts (new record in moxostoma carinatum) and from 13 species of paratenic hosts (new records in amia calva, ictalurus punctatus, lepomis cyanellus, and pomoxis nigromaculatus). infection patterns were influenced by fish specie ... | 1987 | 3585622 |
| cold-stable microtubules from antarctic fishes contain unique alpha tubulins. | the cytoplasmic microtubules of antarctic fishes assemble from their tubulin subunits at physiological body temperatures in the range -2 to +2 degrees c. our objective is to determine the structural features that enhance the assembly of antarctic fish tubulins at low temperatures. here we compare the structures of tubulin subunits from three antarctic fishes (notothenia gibberifrons, notothenia coriiceps neglecta, and chaenocephalus aceratus), from three temperate fishes (the dogfish shark muste ... | 1987 | 3597376 |
| channel catfish culture methods used in the united states. | 1987 | 3617444 | |
| bioaccumulation factor for 32p measured in bluegill, lepomis macrochirus, and catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | the ratio of the bioaccumulation factors for 32p and phosphorus was determined for edible tissue in two species of freshwater fish by measuring the specific activity (32p activity per milligram phosphorus) in muscle relative to feed. the 32p tracer was added to the feed at a uniform level throughout the study. feeding was at two levels: ad libitum and at a lower but constant intake per body weight. in the main experiment, bluegill were maintained in a large flow-through tank and sacrificed at ap ... | 1987 | 3654227 |
| central projections of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus: clues to differential processing of visceral inputs. | transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to trace the pattern of medullary terminations of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve complex in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. the glossopharyngeal root terminates centrally in the anterior end of the vagal lobe except for two fascicles that terminate in separate regions of the nucleus intermedius of the facial lobe. vagal nerve branches innervating regions of the oropharynx terminate in an overlapping, segmental fashion t ... | 1987 | 3680629 |
| effect of water temperature on the clinical outcome of infection with edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish. | channel catfish fingerlings (mean body weight, 19 +/- 3 g each) were given intraperitoneal inoculations of edwardsiella ictaluri suspensions of 10(4), 10(5), or 10(6) bacteria. control fish were inoculated intraperitoneally with sterile 0.85% nacl solution. ten-day trials were conducted at water temperatures of 17, 21, 23, 25, 28, and 32 c. differences in mortality between e ictaluri-infected fish and fish used as controls were observed at water temperatures of 23, 25, and 28 c, but not at tempe ... | 1987 | 3692982 |
| transition metal-binding proteins from three chesapeake bay fish species. | three species of chesapeake bay fish were collected, and endogenous levels of metal binding protein (mbp) were determined. in addition, the induction of metal-binding proteins by cadmium was studied. livers from freshly caught fish were extracted and chromatographed on sephadex g-75 to resolve mbp in the 5 to 20 kdalton range. all species studied exhibit measurable but varied levels of endogenous mbps in the molecular weight range investigated, mostly as a copper protein complex. upon induction ... | 1986 | 3709435 |
| the visual system of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). i. retinal ganglion cell morphology. | horseradish peroxidase was applied to lesions in the optic nerve of catfish (ictalurus punctatus). the retinae were processed to reveal hrp-labelled ganglion cells. the histochemical techniques employed allowed fine details of the dendritic arbor to be resolved. flat-mounted retinae were examined and the following characteristics were noted in individual ganglion cells: soma area, shape, and depth; number and diameter of major dendrites; shape, area, and depth(s) within the inner plexiform layer ... | 1986 | 3711375 |
| heterogeneity and structure of brain tubulins from cold-adapted antarctic fishes. comparison to brain tubulins from a temperate fish and a mammal. | tubulins purified from brain tissue of antarctic fishes assemble in vitro to form microtubules at the low temperatures experienced by these extreme psychrophiles (williams, r. c., jr., correia, j. j., and devries, a. l. (1985) biochemistry 24, 2790-2798). we have initiated studies to determine the structural requirements for assembly of antarctic fish tubulins at low temperatures. as a first step we have compared the heterogeneity, structures, amino acid compositions, and net charge of brain tub ... | 1986 | 3733739 |
| responses to reversed nh3 and nh4+ gradients in a teleost (ictalurus punctatus), an elasmobranch (raja erinacea), and a crustacean (callinectes sapidus):evidence for nh4+/h+ exchange in the teleost and the elasmobranch. | ammonia excretion rates of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, little skate (raja erinacea), and blue crab (callinectes sapidus) were measured in experimental regimes which permitted simultaneous assessment of the partial pressure gradients for nonionized nh3 and the chemical concentration gradients of nh4+. under conditions of low external ammonia, the average ammonia excretion was +295 microm kg-1 h-1 for catfish, +149 microm kg-1 h-1 for blue crabs, and +59 microm kg-1 h1 for skates with pa ... | 1986 | 3746231 |
| influence of route of administration on the humoral response of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) to yersinia ruckeri. | channel catfish were inoculated intraperitoneally, intramuscularly, or intraesophageally with yersinia ruckeri. three antigen doses were administered by each route of injection. four fish from each treatment were sacrificed at 5-day intervals for 40 days. serum from each individual was tested for antibody activity against y. ruckeri by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). high titers of anti-y. ruckeri antibody were elicited by all doses (10(5) to 10(9) cells/g of fish) regardless ... | 1986 | 3765339 |
| modulary effects of temperature on antibody response and specific resistance to challenge of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, immunized against edwardsiella ictaluri. | the effects of various temperature treatments on the level of the humoral antibody response in channel catfish immunized with formalin killed edwardsiella ictaluri was determined in laboratory controlled experiments. immunized fish that were held at 25 degrees c for 30 days and 12 degrees c for an additional 30 days had higher antibody titers, and were more protected upon challenge, than immunized fish held at 25 degrees c for 60 days. also immunized catfish held at 25 degrees c for 5 or 10 days ... | 1986 | 3765350 |
| topography of retinodiencephalic projections in adult channel catfish. | in order to determine the topography of retinal axons in diencephalic nuclei of ictalurus punctatus, horseradish peroxidase was applied to the optic papillae. the topography was found to be similar in all nuclei in that the terminal endings of ventral retinal axons innervated rostrodorsally whereas dorsal retinal axons innervated caudoventrally. in general, the retinal topography in the diencephalon corresponded with the topography of retinal axons in the optic tracts. these data suggest a relat ... | 1986 | 3768716 |
| protein and energy requirements of fingerling channel catfish for maintenance and maximum growth. | in two separate experiments, purified diets containing 25% crude protein and 2.85 kcal/g and 35% crude protein and 3.99 kcal/g were fed at incremental rates [0-5% of body weight (bw)/d] to fingerling channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) in aquaria for 8 wk. linear (r2 = 0.95) increases in growth rate were observed in each experiment with increases in feeding rate up to 8.75 g protein/(kg bw x d) and 99.75 kcal energy/(kg bw x d). regressing growth rate back to zero resulted in maintenance requi ... | 2013 | 3794821 |
| acute toxicity of nitrofurazone to channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, and goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1987 | 3814851 | |
| morphological and biochemical properties of four members of a novel group of reoviruses isolated from aquatic animals. | the morphological, biochemical and growth characteristics of four members of the reoviridae, three from the fish hosts, golden shiner (notemigonus crysoleucas), chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and one from american oyster (crassostrea virginica), were compared. electron microscopy of negatively stained virions revealed icosahedral particles approximately 75 nm in diameter composed of a double capsid. complete particles had buoyant densities in cscl of 1. ... | 1987 | 3819694 |
| nonspecific cytotoxic cells in fish (ictalurus punctatus). v. metabolic requirements of lysis. | the mechanisms of lysis of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) from the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were studied by determining the effects of various inhibitors of cellular metabolism on cytolysis of nc-37 human lymphoma target cells. inhibition of ncc-mediated lysis by dinitrophenol (dnp) and sodium azide (nan3) indicated a requirement for cellular energy metabolism. cytochalasin b, an inhibitor of microfilaments, and monensin, an inhibitor of cellular secretion, both prevented lysis b ... | 1985 | 3926551 |
| [ambiphyra ameiuri--a dangerous parasite of ictalurus punctatus rafinesque]. | a description of the ectoparasitic ciliate of the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus, ambiphrya ameiuri, is given. various medicinal preparations were tested in order to control a. ameiuri. potassium permanganate in the dose of 10 g/m3 for 1 hour is most effective. | 1985 | 3937119 |
| abnormal folate metabolism in feed-related anemia of cultured channel catfish. | "no-blood disease" is a severe, feed-related anemia of channel catfish. pathological features in advanced cases include almost total absence of circulating red blood cells, hepatic fatty change, megaloblastic arrest of hematopoiesis, and intussusceptions of the small intestine. in view of similarities to folate deficiency in man studies were made regarding the intake and metabolism of folic acid. when a bacterial culture medium, containing inorganic salts and folic acid as the sole carbon source ... | 1986 | 3945624 |
| elevated levels of dietary ascorbic acid increase immune responses in channel catfish. | channel catfish fingerlings were fed purified diets containing 0 to 3000 mg/kg of ascorbic acid until external signs of scurvy were seen in the fish fed the ascorbic acid-deficient diet. at this time, resistance to bacterial infection, antibody production, complement activity and phagocytic activity were assessed for fish from the various dietary treatments. mortality rates of fish experimentally infected with edwardsiella ictaluri, the bacterium causing enteric septicemia in channel catfish, de ... | 1985 | 3965664 |
| growth of brown bullhead (bb) and other fish cell lines on microcarriers and the production of channel catfish virus (ccv). | the growth of brown bullhead (bb) fish cells and other poikilothermic cell lines on four commercially available brands of microcarrier beads was evaluated. three of the microcarriers carry a positive surface charge, while the fourth carries a negative surface charge. the four microcarriers vary in their capacity to support the growth of the bb cells and other poikilothermic cell lines tested. the polyacrylamide beads by bio-rad and the polystyrene beads by nunc were found to best support the gro ... | 1985 | 3980665 |
| [comparative characteristics of the sex steroid content in the blood plasma of the big-mouthed buffalo, silver carp and channel catfish during reproduction]. | a radioimmunoassay was to determine the content of estrogens, progestins and androgens in the blood plasma of female and male big-mouthed buffalo, silver carp and canal sheatfish before reproduction and in the first two species during reproduction as well. it was shown that sexual hormones of all 3 groups were present in the blood of males and females of the species under study, the androgen concentration being significantly higher than the estrogen and progestin content in species of both sexes ... | 2016 | 3991489 |
| isolation and characterization of a homogeneous acid phosphatase from catfish liver. | a homogeneous, tartrate-inhibitable acid phosphatase (acpase) was obtained from the liver of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) by the use of affi gel-10-coupled aminohexyltartramic acid affinity chromatography. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 82,500 and is a dimer consisting of two apparently equivalent subunits with subunit weights of 35,000 +/- 3000. amino acid composition data are presented and compared with those of mammalian acid phosphatases. data suggest that the enzyme is a meta ... | 2013 | 4017537 |
| chemiluminescence by peripheral blood phagocytes from channel catfish: function of opsonin and temperature. | the ability of the peripheral blood phagocytes from channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, to produce chemiluminescence (cl) following ingestion of the enteric pathogen edwardsiella ictaluri was evaluated under a variety of opsonic and temperature conditions. the cl response was influenced by the concentration of immune serum used to opsonize the bacteria as well as the presence of nonspecific, heat labile opsonins. peak light emissions were diminished and the time to peak response was increased ... | 1985 | 4018342 |
| covalent structure and affinity of channel catfish anti-dinitrophenyl antibodies. | serum antibody (ab) of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, is predominantly a tetrameric, approximately 700,000-dalton protein. this tetrameric ab dissociates into 8 distinctive subpopulations, each composed of equimolar heavy and light chains, when in the presence of denaturing solvents. the present studies utilizing purified anti-dnp abs obtained from catfish monitored for either short (1-2 months) or long (1-2 years) periods post-primary immunization with dinitrophenylated horse serum album ... | 1985 | 4047045 |
| mobilization and activation of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) in the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) infected with ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | channel catfish demonstrate a shift in the tissue distribution of nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) when infected with the protozoan parasite, ichthyophthirius multifiliis. ncc, isolated from head kidney (hk) tissues (hemopoietic organ) or peripheral blood leukocytes, were assessed for cytotoxic activity against nc-37 (a transformed mammalian cell line). ncc activity from hk tissue of moribund i. multifiliis-infected fish was depressed compared to hk-ncc activity in uninfected or i. multifillis- ... | 1985 | 4064624 |
| channel catfish virus: a new herpesvirus of ictalurid fish. | channel catfish virus was studied in ictalurid fish cell culture, the only system of fish, amphibian, avian, and mammalian cells found to be susceptible. channel catfish virus infection resulted in intranuclear inclusions and extensive syncytium formation. replication occurred from 10 to 33 c, but not higher. best growth was from 25 to 33 c, and the amount of virus released nearly equalled the amount which remained cell-associated. the virus was labile to lipid solvents, and indirect determinati ... | 1971 | 4108571 |
| the immune response of channel catfish. i. basic responsiveness to soluble and viral antigens. | 1971 | 4330403 | |
| fish viruses: buffers and methods for plaquing eight agents under normal atmosphere. | a universal procedure was sought for plaque assay of eight fish viruses (bluegill myxovirus, channel catfish virus, eel virus, egtved virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, lymphocystis virus, and the agent of spring viremia of carp (rhabdovirus carpio), in dish cultures of various fish cells. eagle minimal essential medium with sodium bicarbonate-co(2) buffer (earle's salt solution) was compared with minimal essential medium buffered principally wi ... | 1973 | 4349252 |
| the immune response of channel catfish. i. basic responsiveness to soluble and viral antigens. | 1971 | 4361131 | |
| neutralization of channel catfish virus by serum of channel catfish. | 1973 | 4361506 | |
| essentiality of vitamin c in feeds for intensively fed caged channel catfish. | 1973 | 4682446 | |
| edwardsiella tarda, a new pathogen of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | edwardsiella tarda, an enteric, gram-negative bacterium, causes gas-filled, malodorous lesions in muscle tissue of channel catfish. incidence and epizootiology of the disease are presented. | 1973 | 4687066 |
| characterization of a teleost immunoglobulin: the immune macroglobulin from the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | 1973 | 4747099 | |
| absence of ascorbic acid synthesis in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus and blue catfish, ictalurus frucatus. | 1973 | 4754775 | |
| tissue distribution of channel catfish virus. | 1971 | 5003208 | |
| effects of dietary lipids on growth, food conversion, lipid and fatty acid composition of channel catfish. | 1972 | 5066666 | |
| tetrameric immune macroglobulins in three orders of bony fishes. | the immune igm-like macroglobulins were isolated from three species of bony fishes (ictalurus punctatus, lepisosteus osseus, and polyodon spathula) representing the three orders of the subclass actinopterygii. these macroglobulins were found to have sedimentation coefficients of 14 s and molecular weights of 600,000-630,000. the carbohydrate compositions were determined and found to be different from that of human macroglobulins. after reduction and alkylation, the heavy and light chains could b ... | 1971 | 5276279 |
| receptive field mechanism in the vertebrate retina. | in the catfish retina there are two types of ganglion cells: in one type (type a cell) a spot of light at the center of its receptive field gives rise to a sustained discharge whereas an annulus gives rise to a transient response, and in the other type (type b cell) the response pattern is reversed for a spot and an annulus. current injected into the horizontal cell induces spike discharges of the ganglion cell very similar to that elicited by a spot of light or by an annulus. in both types of r ... | 1971 | 5540311 |
| progress report on acute mortality of channel catfish fingerlings caused by a virus. | 1968 | 5752924 | |
| isolation and characterization of immunoreactive somatostatin from fish pancreatic islets. | using a radioimmunoassay with labeled synthetic tetradecapeptide somatostatin, a large amount of immunoreactive somatostatin was found in the principal pancreatic islet of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctata). the purpose of these experiments was to isolate and characterize the somatostatin-like material. extracts of islets were chromatographed on a bio-gel p-30 column, and over 90% of the immunoreactive somatostatin migrated with proteins at least twice the size of synthetic tetradecapeptid ... | 1980 | 6102573 |
| the structure of cloned dna complementary to catfish pancreatic somatostatin-14 messenger rna. | pancreatic poly(a) rna isolated from the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) was enriched for sequences corresponding to somatostatin mrna on isokinetic sucrose gradients. double-stranded cdna was synthesized and inserted into the pst i site pbr322 via the poly(dg) . poly(dc) tailing method. escherichia coli was transformed with this dna, and colonies containing somatostatin cdna sequences were identified by hybridization using a primer-extended somatostatin cdna. the somatostatin cdna was obt ... | 1982 | 6179939 |
| three distinct morphological classes of receptors in fish olfactory organs. | three morphologically distinct classes of receptor-neurons are proposed: (1) type i ciliar cells, (2) microvillar cells and (3) type ii ciliar cells. retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase by axons in the olfactory nerve to the olfactory organs of goldfish (carassius auratus) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) provided evidence that these axon-bearing cells are present in the organs of both species. goldfish olfactory organs were also studied with scanning electron microscopy, dis ... | 1984 | 6199384 |
| nonspecific cytotoxic cells in fish (ictalurus punctatus). ii. parameters of target cell lysis and specificity. | fish nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) lyse various transformed human b-cells (nc-37, p3hr-1) and erythroblastoid cells (k562) as well as mouse yac-1 and p815 cells. highest ncc activity was found in the anterior (head) kidney, but spleen cells and peripheral blood leucocytes (pbl) also demonstrated cytolytic abilities. lysis of chromium-51 labeled target cells occurred rapidly and optimum cytolysis developed at either 16 degrees c or 26 degrees c incubation temperatures. preincubation at temper ... | 1984 | 6203780 |
| microsystem for in vitro primary and secondary immunization of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) leukocytes with hapten-carrier conjugates. | methods are described for the in vitro generation and detection of antibody-secreting cells (pfc) from channel catfish. hapten-specific pfc can readily be enumerated by an indirect plaque assay employing rabbit antiserum to catfish ig and guinea pig complement. a modified mishell-dutton-type culture system was developed for effectively generating significant in vitro anti-hapten pfc responses with catfish leukocytes at 27 degrees c. the classical hapten-carrier effect and primary responses to bo ... | 1984 | 6206160 |
| channel catfish virus: physicochemical properties of the viral genome and identification of viral polypeptides. | 1980 | 6247817 | |
| "endless" viral dna in cells infected with channel catfish virus. | the state of intracellular viral dna in cells infected with channel catfish virus has been studied by the hirt selective extraction procedure and by restriction endonuclease digestion. the sedimentation properties and restriction patterns of viral dna in the hirt supernatant fraction indicate that the majority, if not all, of the dna is in the form of linear unit-length (mr approximately equal to 85 x 10(6)) molecules. however, restriction digests of viral dna in the pellet fraction lacked two f ... | 1983 | 6302310 |
| corticotropin-releasing factor (crf)-like immunoreactivity in the vertebrate endocrine pancreas. | the light microscopic immunocytochemical localization of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) is described in the endocrine pancreas of several species representing the major classes of vertebrates: fishes (channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus), amphibians (african clawed toad, xenopus laevis), reptiles (chameleon, anolis carolinensis), birds (chicken, gallus domesticus), and several mammals (rat, mouse, cat, rhesus monkey, and man). the crf-containing cells are scattered over the entire islet t ... | 1983 | 6340106 |
| immunoglobulin light chain classes in a teleost fish. | analysis of predominant, approximately 700,000 dalton serum antibody (ab) of the channel catfish by sds-page revealed only one molecular mass species of heavy (h) chain (approximately 70,000 daltons), whereas a marked heterogeneity in the relative mobilities of the light (l) chains was evident. three molecular mass l chain variants of approximately 26,000, approximately 24,000, and approximately 22,000 daltons were observed. the relationships between the l chain variants were not clear until mou ... | 1984 | 6421929 |
| residues of organochlorine insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and heavy metals in biota from apalachicola river, florida, 1978. | seventy-seven composite samples composed of largemouth bass ( micropterus salmoides ), channel catfish ( ictaluras punctatus), threadfin shad ( dorosoma petenense ), asiatic clam (corbicula fluminea ), burrowing mayfly ( hexagenia sp.), water snake ( natrix spp.), and little green heron ( butorides virescens ) were collected from upper and lower reaches of the apalachicola river, florida, in 1978 for residue analysis of organochlorine insecticides, pcbs (polychlorinated biphenyls), and metals. c ... | 2013 | 6427177 |
| characteristics of a new reovirus from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | the characteristics of a reovirus (crv) recently isolated from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were examined following purification of virions from infected cell cultures. virions had double capsids, the inner and outer with diameters of 55 nm and 75 nm respectively. complete virions had a density of 1.36 g/ml in cscl gradients and contained seven polypeptides of 132 000, 130 000, 110 000, 68 000, 56 000, 43 000 and 32 000 mol. wt. the nucleic acid labelled with [5-3h]uridine had a density ... | 1984 | 6470683 |
| immunoregulation of fish nonspecific cytotoxic cell activity by retinolacetate but not poly i:c. | nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) from fish (ictalurus punctatus) were treated with different concentrations of retinolacetate and poly i:c. both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. retinolacetate significantly increased ncc activity against chromium-51 labeled human b-cell lymphoma target cells (nc-37). preincubation (treatment prior to adding the labeled target cells) of ncc for 4 to 8 h in 10(-3) to 10(-12) m concentration of retinolacetate produced significant increases in ncc a ... | 1984 | 6499409 |
| effects of background and spatial pattern on incremental sensitivity of catfish horizontal cells. | incremental sensitivity of cones and horizontal cells was examined in the retina of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). in horizontal cells, steady full-field background illumination made the spot-evoked dynamic response larger and faster. the "enhancement" of incremental sensitivity was maximal at background levels of 20-50 microw/cm2. similar changes in response were obtained by enlarging the diameter of the test spot (to 4 mm) without background illumination. in cones, no such enhancem ... | 1984 | 6523743 |
| pathology associated with a natural edwardsiella ictaluri infection in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus rafinesque). | 1984 | 6530729 | |
| toxicity of selected priority pollutants to various aquatic organisms. | toxicity tests were conducted with selected compounds listed by the united states environmental protection agency (epa) as priority pollutants. acute toxicity information was determined for acenaphthene, arsenic trioxide, cadmium chloride, mercury(ii) chloride, silver nitrate, chlordane, endosulfan, and heptachlor. acute tests were conducted using one or more of the following species: fathead minnows (pimephales promelas), channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), b ... | 1983 | 6617566 |
| in vitro antiviral effect of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine on the fish herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv). | the antiviral activity of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (acyclovir, acv) on the salmon herpesvirus, oncorhynchus masou virus (omv), was studied in vitro. acv showed high efficacy against the fish herpesvirus omv, herpesvirus salmonis and channel catfish virus (ccv). cytopathic effect (cpe) induced by 100 tcid50/ml of omv in rainbow trout gonad (rtg-2) cells was inhibited by 2.5 micrograms/ml of acv. acv was more effective than other compounds such as 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-a), ... | 1983 | 6625561 |
| characterization of immunoglobulins from the brown bullhead (ictalurus nebulosus) produced against a naturally occurring bacterial pathogen, aeromonas hydrophila. | the primary immune response in the brown bullhead (ictalurus nebulosus) to intramuscularly injected, chloroform-killed aeromonas hydrophila reached an agglutination titer of 128 in 3 wk, and the response to the bacteria plus adjuvant reached a titer of 512 in 5 wk. anti-aeromonas hydrophila antibodies from brown bullheads were excluded from sephadex g-200 and had an immunoelectrophoretic migration pattern toward the cathode. cleavage of the macromolecule by 2-me reduction and iodoacetamide alkyl ... | 1983 | 6642044 |
| nonspecific cytotoxic cells in fish (ictalurus punctatus). i. optimum requirements for target cell lysis. | nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc) obtained from the head (anterior) kidney of fish (ictalurus punctatus) lyse human transformed b-cell targets. lysis depended on direct cell-cell contact. fish size, age, environmental holding temperatures, and lytic reaction conditions such as osmolality and optimum effector:target cell ratios were optimized. experiments to characterize optimum kinetics demonstrated highly efficient killing after two hours incubation. this rapid cytolysis was further studied by ... | 1984 | 6734870 |
| influence of edwardsiella ictaluri septicemia on nitrite-induced methemoglobinemia in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | 1984 | 6743856 | |
| effects of dopamine on photopic l-type s-potentials in the catfish retina. | photopic l-type responses were recorded from the soma and the axon terminal of horizontal cells of the catfish (ictalurus punctatus) retina in eye-cup preparations. the responses were produced by a spot of light with 100-micron diameter (intensity, 10 microw/cm2), which was flashed or steadily illuminated and swept along a 6-mm length over the retinal surface at a speed of 0.95 mm/sec. in some experiments, a traveling random bar stimulus was used instead of the sweeping spot. while recording the ... | 1984 | 6748110 |
| secretory igm, lysozyme and lymphocytes in the skin mucus of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | 1980 | 6768604 | |
| alternate pathway of complement and bactericidal response of the channel catfish to salmonella paratyphi. | fresh channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) serum from unimmunized catfish exhibited 100% bactericidal activity against salmonella paratyphi. components responsible for bactericidal activity could be absorbed from the fresh catfish serum with s. paratyphi. the bactericidal system of the fresh catfish serum showed a need for magnesium rather than for calcium after edta treatment. the addition of salicylaldoxime or ammonium hydroxide to catfish serum indicated the alternate rather than the classic ... | 1982 | 6802686 |
| sublethal copper stress and susceptibility of channel catfish to experimental infections with ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | 1982 | 6809081 | |
| bactericidal serum response of the channel catfish against gram-negative bacteria. | 1982 | 6813155 | |
| regional difference in density of monoamine-accumulating cells of carp and catfish retinas. | by means of a histofluorescence technique, a comparative study was conducted on the regional density of dopaminergic (da) and indoleamine-accumulating (ia) cells in carp (cyprinus carpio) and catfish (ictalurus punctatus) retinas. in order to enhance detection of fluorescent cells, noradrenaline (na; 5.0 micrograms) or a mixture of na (2.5 micrograms) and 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-dht; 2.5 micrograms) was intravitreally injected into the eyes 2-3 hr before enucleation. da and ia cells were co ... | 1983 | 6842627 |
| the ipsilateral retinotectal projection in normal and albino channel catfish. | the retinal projection to the ipsilateral optic tectum was examined first in normal channel catfish. after unilateral optic nerve section and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) application, a sparse retinal projection was seen in the ipsilateral optic tectum. when hrp was applied to the ipsilateral rostral tectum, labeled ganglion cells were observed in the ventrotemporal quadrant of the ipsilateral eye. electrophysiological mapping of the ipsilateral projection confirmed that cells in the temporal re ... | 1983 | 6856199 |
| biochemical studies of taste sensation: monoclonal antibody against l-alanine binding activity of catfish taste epithelium. | the l-alanine taste receptors of the channel catfish ictalurus punctatus provide a useful biochemical model for studying taste receptor mechanisms. mouse hybridomas that synthesize monoclonal antibodies have been produced. the antigen used to activate mouse spleen cells was the plasma membrane fraction obtained from the taste receptor-containing epithelium of the channel catfish. the spleen cells were fused with myeloma cells, sp2/0-ag14, to form hybridomas. to demonstrate inhibition of ligand b ... | 1982 | 6961436 |
| agglutination and bactericidal responses of the channel catfish to salmonella paratyphi. | 1981 | 7016617 | |
| isolation and characterization of edwardsiella tarda from fall chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha). | a new bacterial pathogen of chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was isolated from fish in oregon's rogue river. the bacteria are biochemically and serologically related to strains of edwardsiella tarda. initially isolated from chinook salmon, the bacteria were also pathogenic for steelhead and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). the 50% lethal doses for chinook salmon, steelhead trout, and channel catfish injected intraperitoneally and maintained in ... | 1982 | 7103490 |
| retinofugal pathways in juvenile and adult channel catfish, ictalurus (ameiurus) punctatus: an hrp and autoradiographic study. | the retinal projections of the juvenile and adult channel catfish, ictalurus (ameiurus) punctatus, were studied by using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and autoradiography. the contralateral optic tract sends fibers to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn) and divides into lateral (lot) and medial optic tracts (mot). in the adult fish, the former is thicker than the latter, whereas in the juvenile form, the reverse is true. the mot curves laterally and divides into eight to 15 medial fascicles of the ... | 1982 | 7130469 |
| apparent and true availability of amino acids from common feed ingredients for channel catfish. | the apparent and true amino acid availability values for corn, wheat middlings, rice bran, rice mill feed, soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal, meat and bone meal, and two different samples of menhaden fish meal were determined in adult channel catfish. although there was reasonable agreement between protein digestibility values and average amino acid availability values, individual amino acid availabilities were variable within and among the various feed ingredients tested. therefore, we ... | 1981 | 7194902 |
| vascular corrosion replicas of chemo-baroreceptors in fish: the carotid labyrinth in ictaluridae and clariidae. | scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion replicas and light microscopy revealed a pair of highly vascularized tissues, the carotid labyrinths, in the dorsal head region of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, the black bullhead, i. melas, and the walking catfish, clarias batrachus. the labyrinth consists of a myriad of arterioles that arise from the common carotid artery immediately distal to the origin of the common carotid from the efferent branchial (epibranchial) artery of the ... | 1981 | 7273113 |
| organochlorine insecticide concentrations in fish of the des moines river, iowa, 1977-78. | organochlorine insecticides were measured in fish of the des moines river, iowa, in 1977 and 1978 to determine whether concentrations exceeded allowable levels and to compare differences among species. significant differences in mean concentrations of dieldrin, sigma ddt, and heptachlor epoxide in whole-body samples of seven species of fish, dorosoma cepedianum, carpiodes carpio, cyprinus carpio, ictalurus punctatus, pomoxis annularis, micropterus salmoides, stizostedion vitreum, could not be ad ... | 1981 | 7312555 |
| telencephalic efferents in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus: projections to the olfactory bulb and optic tectum. | telencephalic projections to the olfactory bulb and optic tectum were examined with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) methods in catfish. olfactory bulb afferents arise from the mitral cell layer of the contralateral olfactory bulb and the ipsilateral telencephalon. the majority of labelled cells appear within the ventral and dorsal nuclei of area ventralis telencephali and two divisions of the central zone of area dorsalis telencephali. excepting one division of the dorsal central zone, all afferent ... | 1981 | 7326567 |
| amino acid sequence of catfish pancreatic somatostatin i. | two peptides, pancreatic somatostatins i and ii, larger and more acidic than synthetic tetradecapeptide somatostatin, have been purified from pancreatic islets of channel catfish (ictalurus punctata). these peptides have reduced immunoreactivity in a radioimmunoassay for synthetic somatostatin, but full biological activity was measured as inhibition of growth hormone released from isolated rat anterior pituitary cells. pancreatic somatostatin i is composed of 22 amino acids. eight additional ami ... | 1980 | 7358665 |
| spatial organization of catfish retinal neurons. i. single- and random-bar stimulation. | 1. receptive-field profiles of catfish (ictalurus punctatus) retinal neurons were produced by a moving single bar or a moving random grating, which was swept across the cell's receptive field at a constant speed. 2. bipolar cells form either an on- or an off-center biphasic field and are approximately linear in time and space. 3. type-c or transient cells form predominantly monotonic receptive fields. we find two subclasses, one slow and the other fast transient cells. they can be identified fun ... | 1980 | 7373358 |
| fish cell lines: establishment of a line from ovaries of channel catfish. | a cell line was established from the ovaries of a healthy, juvenile channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. these cells, designated cco, have been passed 130 times during 3 years. the cells grow well in eagle's mem-10 at a temperature of 30 degrees c. species of origin of the cells was confirmed by a cytotoxic dye exclusion test. the cells were found to be free of bacterial and fungal contamination. a study of chromosome preparations indicated that the karyotype is still in a state of flux. the cc ... | 1980 | 7390534 |
| thidiazuron uptake, distribution and metabolism in bluegills and channel catfish. | bluegills (lepomis macrochirus) exposed to 0.1 ppm of thidiazuron-14c cotton defoliant for 28 days under continuous flow conditions accumulated relatively low levels of radiocarbon. the maximum detected was 5.4 ppm in fillet tissue after 1 day. during a 14 day depuration period, radioactivity declined to 1.0 ppm or less. fractionation of offal and fillet tissues from bluegills collected at 28 days indicated that most of the radioactive material was water soluble, although appreciable amounts of ... | 1980 | 7400538 |
| isolation and preliminary characterization of herpes channel catfish virus dna. | the dna of channel catfish virus (ccv) was selectively extracted from infected cells with a 5% solution of sodium deoxycholate, deproteinized using sodium sarcosinate and pronase, and purified by phenol extraction followed by equilibrium density gradient centrifugation in a cesium chloride solution. ccv dna displays a buoyant density of 1.715 g/cm3 in such a solution, as would be expected from a duplex dna containing 56.1% of guanine plus cytosine. as estimated from both its sedimentation coeffi ... | 1980 | 7407702 |
| channel catfish virus: comparative replication and sensitivity of cell lines from channel catfish ovary and the brown bullhead. | a cell line derived from channel catfish ovary tissue was compared with the brown bullhead (bb) cell line for their respective abilities to replicate and detect channel catfish virus (ccv). the channel catfish ovary cell line (cco) produced cytopathic effects (cpe) more rapidly and detected ccv at higher dilutions than did the bb cell line. production of ccv was more rapid in cco cells than in bb cells, but the peak titers of the two lines were not significantly different. the cco cell line was ... | 1980 | 7411751 |
| resistance of herpes channel catfish virus (hccv) to temperature, ph, salinity and ultraviolet irradiation. | the effect of temperature, ph, salinity and ultraviolet irradiation on the infectivity of herpes channel catfish virus (hccv) has been determined. it has been shown that the ph and the culture medium is an important factor in maintaining virus infectivity. the temperatures higher than 4 degrees c rapidly inactivate the virus while this one can be grown successfully after several months of storage at -75 degrees c and at -20 degrees c. in common with other herpesviruses, hccv is quickly inactivat ... | 1980 | 7465876 |
| molecular cloning of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c from catfish olfactory rosettes. | a 2.7 kb clone encoding the partial (about 66%) sequence of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c (plc) was isolated from a cdna library constructed from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) olfactory rosettes. the clone, designated 30c7, was completely sequenced by automated dna sequencing and was found to share significant homology with rat and bovine plcs of the delta 1 isotype. in situ hybridization showed that 30c7 transcripts were expressed in a small subpopulation of olfactory neur ... | 1995 | 7476017 |
| diencephalic gustatory connections in the channel catfish. | vertebrate gustatory systems include a tertiary ascending pathway from a secondary gustatory nucleus in the hindbrain to several forebrain nuclei. this connection is prominent in catfish, corresponding to their highly developed sense of taste. iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase were used to identify the specific target nuclei of the tertiary gustatory pathway in channel catfish and to characterize those nuclei by their respective connections. efferents from the secondary gustator ... | 1993 | 7506715 |
| glutathione-dependent defense in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and brown bullhead (ameriurus nebulosus). | glutathione-dependent defense against xenobiotic toxicity is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been well characterized in mammals. this study undertakes a comparison of two benthic fish species, the channel catfish and brown bullhead, in terms of characteristics of the glutathione system. the channel catfish, a species that has seldom been observed to express pollutant-mediated neoplasia in field studies, was observed to have significantly higher constitutive levels of hepatic total glutathione ... | 1994 | 7523070 |
| contrast gain control in the lower vertebrate retinas. | control of contrast sensitivity was studied in two kinds of retina, that of the channel catfish and that of the kissing gourami. the former preparation is dominantly monochromatic and the latter is bichromatic. various stimuli were used, namely a large field of light, a spot-annulus configuration and two overlapping stimuli of red and green. recordings were made from horizontal, amacrine, and ganglion cells and the results were analyzed by means of wiener's theory, in which the kernels are the c ... | 1995 | 7561745 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding the s13 ribosomal protein from the catfish ictalurus punctatus. | a cdna clone (rps13) encoding the s13 ribosomal protein (rps13) has been isolated from the catfish ictalurus punctatus, and is the first example of an rps13 isolated from a teleost species. the deduced 151-amino-acid (aa) sequence is 96% identical to the rat and human rps13, extending the evolutionary conservation of this protein. | 1995 | 7590288 |
| phylogeny of immune recognition: fine specificity of fish immune repertoires to cytochrome c. | using the structurally defined protein antigen cytochrome c, studies were conducted in an attempt to delineate the fine specificities of channel catfish immune repertoires. we have previously reported that species variants of cytochrome c were cross-stimulatory to peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) from catfish immunized with the pigeon variant. molecular database analyses revealed the existence of overlapping epitopes that appear to define the specificity of the immune response to a "family" of ... | 1993 | 7686867 |
| plasmid and serological differences between edwardsiella ictaluri strains. | several studies have shown that isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri obtained from infected channel catfish in the southeastern united states harbor two cryptic plasmids, designated pcl1 (5.7 kb) and pcl2 (4.9 kb). these isolates appear to be serologically homogeneous. to extend these studies, we focused our analyses on two isolates of nonictalurid origin. plasmid analyses of a danio isolate showed that it harbored plasmids which were similar if not identical to pcl1 and pcl2. this strain was also ... | 1993 | 7692817 |
| immediate-early transcription from the channel catfish virus genome: characterization of two immediate-early transcripts. | with cdna probes and by northern (rna) blot analysis, a region containing immediate-early (ie) genes in the channel catfish virus (ccv) genome was identified. ie transcription in ccv-infected cells appears to be restricted to the terminal repeat region, suggesting that ccv is most closely related to the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses. ccv dna fragments from this region encoding ie transcripts were cloned. northern analysis with one of these cloned fragments, a 3,927-bp ecori-xbai fragment, ind ... | 1995 | 7707544 |
| in vitro biotransformation of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) in channel catfish liver. | the biotransformation of the dietary carcinogen aflatoxin b1 (afb1) was examined in hepatic microsomal and cytosolic fractions from channel catfish, an aquatic species shown to be refractory to afb1 toxicity and reported to be resistant to afb1 hepatocarcinogenesis. catfish liver microsomes catalyzed the in vitro oxidation of afb1 to the reactive afb1-8,9-epoxide (afbo) at high substrate concentrations (128 microm afb1) but not at low substrate concentrations (16 microm afb1) which were more rep ... | 1995 | 7747288 |
| immunotoxicity in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, following acute exposure to tributyltin. | tributyltin (tbt) is a trialkylated organotin formulated for use primarily as a biocide for aquatic and agricultural industries. although macrophages isolated from toadfish (opsanus tau) are sensitive to exposure, very little is known about the effects of tbt on fish humoral immunity and non-specific cytotoxic cell (ncc) functions. to evaluate the effects of tbt on these parameters, channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were given a single intraperitoneal injection of corn oil with 0 (vehicle co ... | 1995 | 7755401 |
| a demonstration of human beta-2-microglobulin specific association with the surface of teleostean cells. | purified human beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2m) and a human beta 2m fluorochrome conjugate were used in exchange reactions to demonstrate that beta 2m associates with a teleostean cell surface protein. beta 2m exchange among brown bullhead, channel catfish, fathead minnow, and rainbow trout cells lines was detected by using either radioimmunoassay or flow cytometry. evidence that beta 2m binds specifically with the surface of teleostean cells and possibly associates with an expressed class i mhc h ... | 1994 | 7768315 |
| deletion of thymidine kinase gene attenuates channel catfish herpesvirus while maintaining infectivity. | a recombinant thymidine kinase (tk) gene deletion mutant of channel catfish herpesvirus (ccv) was constructed and compared to the parent virus for replicative ability in cell culture, for the ability to infect, replicate, and cause lethal disease in the channel catfish host, and for the ability to induce protective immunity in channel catfish fingerlings. there was no difference between parent ccv and the tk-negative mutant (ccvtk-) in viral production in cell culture. however, in immersion chal ... | 1995 | 7778299 |