Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| differential biosynthesis of molecular species of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and phosphatidylcholines in cold and warm acclimated goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | the initial incorporation of glycerol-3h into the molecular species of liver 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and phosphatidylcholines was studied in vivo using goldfish acclimated to 10 c and 30 c. a 1.5- and 2.2-fold higher proportion of the total radioactivity in the diacylglycerols from cold acclimated fish was found to be associated with the trienoic and pentaenoic species, respectively, when compared to warm acclimated fish. in the phosphatidylcholines, 1.9- and 1.3-fold greater percentages of the ... | 1977 | 846321 |
| direct ipsilateral retinal projections in goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1977 | 851864 | |
| delayed regeneration of the retino-diencephalic projections in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1977 | 851868 | |
| neurofilamentous changes in goldfish (carassius auratus l.) brain in relation to environmental temperature. | the presence of neurofilaments in the synaptic boutons in the brains of goldfish maintained at 5 degrees c for 177 days or more is reported. neurofilaments are not found in boutons of control fish kept at 15degreesc. it is suggested that the neurofilaments may be equated with neurofibrillary rings seen by light microscopy. neurofilaments have been implicated in axoplasmic transport and, therefore, irregularities in the occurrence or appearance of these filaments may reflect alterations in their ... | 1977 | 859011 |
| mitochondria-rich (chloride) cells in the gill epithelia from four species of stenohaline fresh water teleosts. | the mitochondria-rich (chloride) cells have been found to be present in the gill epithelia of four species of stenohaline fresh water teleosts. the cytoplasm of these chloride cells contains an extensive network of cytoplasmic tubules which communicate with intercellular spaces bordering the lateral and basal cell surfaces. numerous vesicles with fairly electron-dense interiors are also present in the apical cytoplasm of chloride cells. the apical surface of a chloride cell forms an apical pit, ... | 1977 | 872189 |
| phylogenetic origins of immune recognition: lymphoid heterogeneity and the hapten/carrier effect in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1977 | 872223 | |
| estradiol-17 beta effects on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and on the induction of a yolk precursor in goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1977 | 881939 | |
| amebiasis in goldfish. | five cases of amebiasis were diagnosed in goldfish (carassius auratus) from home aquariums and from a laboratory aquarium. granulomas containing amoebae were in many organs but were most numerous in kidneys. because there were pseudopods, food vacuoles, vesicular nucleoli and other ultrastructural characteristics of the organisms, we identified the organisms as amoebae. on the basis of mitotic stages it is possible they belong in the family hartmannellidae. | 1977 | 883087 |
| genetic and developmental analysis of some new color mutants in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the genotypes of three color mutants in goldfish: a depigmentation character of larval melanophores, albinism and a recessive-transparent character, were analyzed by crossing experiments. the depigmentation character in the common goldfish is controlled by two dominant multiple genes, dp1 and dp2, and only fish with double recessive alleles dp1dp1 dp2dp2 can retain larval melanophores throughout life. albinism is also controlled by double autosomal genes, p and c. the genotype of an albino fish ... | 1977 | 885340 |
| the oxygen consumption of some tissues from hypophysectomized goldfish, carassius auratus l. | hypophysectomy has no effect on the o2 consumptios reduction in liver o2 consumption is attributed to the increased glycogen content that follows hypophysectomy which has the effect of increasing the nonmetabolizing dry weight component of the cells. | 1977 | 891861 |
| behavioural thresholds for diffuse illumination in the goldfish. | thresholds for diffuse, broad-band illumination were obtained for the goldfish (carassius auratus) by avoidance conditioning. the light source was a television cathode-ray tube whose output was controlled over a range of 140 db by a combination of 'brightness' control, blanking of scan lines, and neutral density filters. the threshold was calculated in terms of irradiance to be 2-9 x 10(-6) muw cm-2 (+/- a standard deviation of 1-4). the determination of absolute, rather than relative, values, a ... | 1977 | 894180 |
| cue validity in a goldfish (carassius auratus) respiratory conditioning situation. | 1977 | 897041 | |
| anaerobic metabolism in goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1977 | 902178 | |
| effects of dexamethasone and metopirone on ovulation in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1977 | 902179 | |
| correlation of activity and weight in comet goldfish (carassius auratus) at differing water temperatures. | correlations of activity and weight at three water temperatures, 20 degrees, 26 degrees, and 30 degrees c, were examined in the comet goldfish (carassius auratus). for the 12 subjects general activity scores increased as water temperature increased. heavier subjects were more active at low temperatures while lighter subjects were more active at higher temperatures. | 1977 | 905098 |
| uptake, distribution, and turnover of catecholamine radiolabel in the goldfish, carassius auratus l. | 1977 | 922609 | |
| fine structure of the olfactory epithelium in the goldfish, carassius auratus. a study of retrograde degeneration. | the fine structure of the goldfish olfactory epithelium was studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. six different cell types were distinguished. identification of the olfactory receptor cell was accomplished by use of retrograde degeneration studies. two morphologically distinct types of olfactory receptor cells were identified: one type bears radially oriented cilia (type i cell); the other type bears microvilli (type ii cell). the other four cell types were not identifiable a ... | 1977 | 922848 |
| the effects of vision on the general locomotor behaviour of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | comparison of the locomotor behaviour of normal, unilaterally and bilaterally blinded goldfish (carassius auratus) demonstrated the roles of perspective vision (depth perception), which requires binocular vision, and of vision provided by only one eye, in the control of locomotion. because normal and bilaterally blinded fish exhibited similar size and direction of angles of turn, a similar number of consecutive turns in the same direction and the same turning frequency, normal, binocular vision ... | 1976 | 937768 |
| [multiplicity of the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase and thermal acclimatization in carassius auratus]. | multiple forms of acetylcholinesterase have been studied in goldfish adapted to 15 degrees c and 25 degrees c. three forms of enzyme (sedimenting at 18s, 12s and 5s) could be distinguished by sucrose gradient centrifugation. their molecular and enzymatic properties did not vary with environmental temperature. it was noted that the relative proportion of the three forms differed between brain and muscle extracts, the 18s forms predominating in muscle (about 75 per cent) the 12s forms being more a ... | 1976 | 938690 |
| [life cycle of the trematode, crowcrocaecum skrjabini (iwanitzky, 1928) (allocreadiata, opecoelidae)]. | crowcrocaecum skrjabini has an intermediate and additional hosts. the mollusk lithoglyphus naticoides serves as an intermediate host; the invasion extensity is 43.88% in summer and 28.57% -- in autumn and winter. in the experiment gammarus (rivulogammarus) balcanicus has turned to be an additional host and carassius auratus givelia -- a definitive hot. the descriptions are given of cercaria (which belongs to a cotylocercal type), metacercaria and marita, reared in the experiment. | 2007 | 940689 |
| histochemistry and ultrastructure of pre- and post-ovulatory follicles in the ovary of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1976 | 949659 | |
| [action of hormones on the female germinal cells of carassius auratus l. in organ culture. sex reversal and oogenesis in vitro]. | 1976 | 955382 | |
| [the action of hormones on the male germinal cells of carassius auratus l. in organ culture]. | 1976 | 955396 | |
| fine structure of the olfactory bulb in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | ultrastructural studies have aided in identifying the principal cell types and the layers of the olfactory bulb in goldfish. the concentrically arranged four layers are: the primary olfactory nerve layer (most peripheral), the glomerular layer, the mitral cell layer, and the granule cell layer (deepest). three types of cell bodies were differentiated by their size and cytoplasmic organelles: mitral cells, granule cells and short axon cells. the axons of the primary olfactory nerve formed synapti ... | 1976 | 974743 |
| immediate response of the hemoglobin system of the goldfish, carassius auratus, to temperature change. | 1976 | 974934 | |
| a light and electron microscopic study of the structure of the nucleus preopticus and nucleus lateral tuberis of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1976 | 974938 | |
| reactions of the goldfish (carassius auratus auratus l.) to quantified mechanical and thermal stimuli. | goldfish can differentiate between mechanical and thermal stimuli components in combined stimulations. reactions to heated thermode (deltat = + 3 degrees c) differ from those to isotherm thermode by up to 30%. additional pretension (0.5 p) increases the reaction more than double; at simultaneously varied temperature (deltat = + 3 degrees c and + 5 degrees c), there is a further increase in reaction of 25% and 35%. the significance for the organism of the two stimuli components is discussed. | 1976 | 976435 |
| the effects of photoperiod and temperature on the release of prolactin from the pituitary gland of the goldfish, carassius auratus l. | 1976 | 991019 | |
| mescaline: its effects on learning rate and dopamine metabolism in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the pharmacological action of mescaline on goldfish was studied with the bitterman-agranoff shock-avoidance test. in short term experiments with high mescaline doses an increase in learning rates was observed. similar results were obtained with apomorphine and l-dopa. however, when the fish were exposed to smaller mescaline doses (or to fluphenazine) for 3 days, their ability to avoid electric shock was reduced. apparently, mescaline induced a release of dopamine which stimulated central dopamin ... | 1976 | 991995 |
| fish swimbladder: an excellent mesodermal inductor in primary embryonic induction. | swimbladder of the crucian carp, carassius auratus, was found to be better as a vegatalizing tissue than other tissues, such as guinea-pig bone marrow, when presumptive ectoderm of triturus gastrulae was used as reacting tissue. swimbladder usually induced assemblies of highly organized mesodermal tissues, such as notochord, somites and pronephric tubules, some of which were covered by mesodermal epithelium without any epidermal covering. a special character of the effect of swimbladder was the ... | 1976 | 1003076 |
| effects of third ventricle injection of prostaglandins on gonadotropin secretion in goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1976 | 1010304 | |
| diurnal variation in the activity of hepatic glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in response to ovine prolactin in goldfish, carassius auratus l. | 1976 | 1034665 | |
| phylogenetic origins of immune recognition: lymphocyte surface immunoglobulins in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | membrane immunoglobulin (ig) of splenocytes and thymocytes of the goldfish, carassius auratus, was demonstrated by indirect fluorescent-antibody techniques. observations on shedding and resynthesis indicated that the thymocyte ig was endogenously produced. the lymphocyte surface proteins were radioiodinated using the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed reaction, and the labeled ig molecules were isolated by specific precipitation and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. t ... | 1976 | 1065902 |
| a stereotaxic atlas and technique for forebrain nuclei of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1975 | 1088950 | |
| horizontal cell axons and axon terminals in goldfish retina. | retinas of ordinary and black moor varieties of goldfish (carassius auratus) were prepared by the golgi method, mounted flat or sectioned vertically, and studied in the light microscope. three types of horizontal cells whose dendrites contact only cones, and one type whose dendrites contact only rods, were observed. the cone horizontal cells (cajal's "external horizontal cells") all have slender axons which descend gradually to the inner nuclear layer and terminate there in long, fusiform expans ... | 1975 | 1092734 |
| behavioural effects of electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus of the goldfish (carassius auratus). | food-satiated goldfish were stimulated in tanks containing food on the surface of the water and on the bottom of the tank. various components of the feeding response were seen, and complete feeding was observed, which was elicited from sites in the postero-medial hypothalamus. evidence is put forward to support the supposition that the full response was due to a change in feeding motivation, rather than to changes in sensory or motor factors. other types of behaviour, such as fin movements and s ... | 1975 | 1104077 |
| effect of partial ultimobranchialectomy on plasma calcium concentration and on some related parameters in goldfish (carassius auratus l.) during acute transfer from fresh water to 30 per cent sea water. | 1975 | 1120572 | |
| avoidance of fenitrothion by goldfish (carassius auratus). | goldfish (carassius auratus) avoided water containing the pesticide fenitrothion. the response was graded over the tested concentration range of 5 orders of magnitude, with a threshold around 10 mug/1, equivalent to 3.5 times 10-minus 8 m. | 1975 | 1131454 |
| histochemical study on the distribution of some enzyme activities in the vagal and facial lobes of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the histochemical localization of six enzymic activities (acetylcholinesterase, pseudocholinesterase, monoamine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) has been studied in the vagal and facial lobes of the goldfish, carassius auratus. these encephalic centers are hypertrophic in cyprinidae, corresponding to the dominance of gustatory function. acetylcholinesterase shows a complex laminar distribution in the vagal lobes and a peculiar cellula ... | 1975 | 1141029 |
| a yy male goldfish from mating estrone-induced xy female and normal male. | a yy male of the goldfish, carassius auratus, was detected among offspring of an estrone-induced xy female mated with a normal xy male. there is convincing evidence of the reality of inversion of sex differentiation in the xy zygote by estrone as well as male heterogamety (hence, female homogamety) in the goldfish. | 2013 | 1141683 |
| survival time and weight loss in goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1975 | 1144641 | |
| stress and adrenocorticosteroid dynamics in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1999 | 1171717 | |
| the corpus luteum of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) and its functions. | 1975 | 1203815 | |
| changes in major liver constituents following hypophysectomy in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the increase in the size of goldfish (carassius auratus) liver following hypophysectomy is due to a net accumulation of glycogen and the addition of water to maintain a constant proportion with no change in the absolute amount of either protein or lipid. | 1975 | 1204760 |
| the branchial chloride pump in the goldfish carassius auratus: relationship between cl-/hco3- and cl-/cl-- exchanges and the effect of thiocyanate. | 1. the effect of thiocyanate on chloride and sodium fluxes across the gill was studied in the goldfish carassius auratus. at low external chloride concentrations, addition of scn- to the bathing solution markedly inhibited chloride influx and efflux, the net flux being reversed, scn- injection was without effect. scn- had no effect on sodium fluxes when injected or added to the external medium. 2. the inhibition of chloride influx by scn- was of a mixed type involving simultaneous modifications ... | 1975 | 1214119 |
| spinal motoneurons of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the spinal cord of goldfish (carassius auratus) was examined in normal and experimental animals by light and electron microscopy. comparisons of golgi material and electron micrographs have shown the large ventral horn motoneurons to have dendrites with few spines. the axon may arise from a ventral dendrite. synapses on the motoneuron may be chemical or combined electrotinic and chemical or electrotonic between dendrites. transection of the cord produced degeneration of small boutons, but large ... | 1975 | 1225463 |
| [experimental research on the biological cycle of phyllodistomum elongatum nybelin, 1926 (digenea: gorgoderidae looss, 1901)]. | experimental infection of tinca tinca and carassius auratus have demonstrated that cercaria duplicata von baer, 1827 is the larval form of phyllodistomum elongatum nybelin, 1926 and that the life-cycle occurs between anodonta cygnea (intermediate host) and tinca tinca or carassius auratus (final host) without a second intermediate host. the life-history experimentally completed in the laboratory occurs in the following way: -- adult in the ureters of tinca tinca and carassius auratus; -- mother ... | 2006 | 1233405 |
| alk-1-enyl ether-containing lipids of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). brain and temperature acclimation. | 1976 | 1253567 | |
| phospholipid composition of goldfish (carassius auratus l.) liver and brain and temperature-dependence of phosphatidyl choline synthesis. | 1976 | 1253570 | |
| binding of mercury and zinc to cadmium-binding protein in liver and kidney of goldfish (carassius auratus l.). | 1976 | 1269596 | |
| neurotensin, substance p, gastrin/cholecystokinin, and bombesin in the intestine of the tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) and the goldfish (carassius auratus): immunochemical detection and effects on electrophysiological characteristics. | the distribution of neurotensin-, substance p-, gastrin/cholecystokinin/carerulein- and bombesin-like immunoreactivities has been studied in the gut of the tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) and the goldfish (carassius auratus) using immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay; the electrophysiological effects of these peptides on the intestinal epithelium were also examined with the ussing-type chamber technique. neurotensin- and gastrin/cholecystokinin/caerulein-like immunoreactivities were prese ... | 1992 | 1283377 |
| partial glycinergic denervation induces transient changes in the distribution of a glycine receptor-associated protein in a central neuron. | the effect of partial glycinergic denervation on the cellular distribution of the 93 kda peripheral polypeptide associated with the glycine receptor was studied at the level of the teleost mauthner cell, an identified neuron of the goldfish brain (carassius auratus). previous studies using monoclonal antibodies raised against purified glycine receptors and immunoperoxidase staining have shown that these proteins are localized in clusters on the entire surface of this neuron. specifically, the 93 ... | 1992 | 1309572 |
| hyperammonemia induces transient gfap immunoreactivity changes in goldfish spinal cord (carassius auratus l.). | in this study we have demonstrated that high ammonia concentration in tank water induces changes in the glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) of ependymal cells and radial astrocytes in the goldfish spinal cord. hyperammonemia was induced by elevating the ammonia concentration in the tank water to 0.88 mm using ammonium chloride; ammonia in control water was less than 0.1 mm. immunohistochemical methods were used for gfap and vimentin, and levels were measured at 4, 8, 16, 30, 60, 90 and 120 da ... | 1992 | 1319021 |
| oxoanions stimulate in vitro ovulation and signal transduction pathways in goldfish (carassius auratus) follicles. | the present study investigated the effects of a number of oxoanion compounds on in vitro ovulation of goldfish follicles and ovarian second messenger activities. significant levels of ovulation were induced by 0.1 mm sodium chromate, 0.1 mm sodium metavanadate, 10 mm sodium molybdate, 0.1 mm sodium orthovanadate, 5 mm sodium selenate, 0.5 mm sodium tungstate, and 0.1 mm vanadyl sulfate. at levels that significantly stimulated ovulation, metavanadate, molybdate, orthovanadate, tungstate, and vana ... | 1992 | 1332498 |
| role of intracellular calcium in renal proximal tubule cell volume regulation. | osmoregulatory ca2+ signaling in hypotonic solutions was studied with videometric techniques in 158 proximal renal tubules isolated from the teleost carassius auratus. absence of extracellular ca2+, hypoxia (23 mmhg), or nacn (3 mm) did not alter regulatory volume decreases (rvd). nevertheless, decrements of intracellular ca2+ via the a23187 ionophore or after intracellular ca2+ chelation with indo-1/am (5 microm) inhibited rvd. in tubules depleted of ca2+, rvd could only be fully elicited when ... | 1992 | 1332517 |
| visible light-inducible photolyase gene from the goldfish carassius auratus. | by introducing and expressing a cdna library constructed from mrna of the cultured goldfish carassius auratus cells in escherichia coli, a gene encoding photolyase of the vertebrate was isolated, the first example from metazoa. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence differs significantly from those of microorganisms. five out of 6 tryptophan residues strictly conserved in photolyases from microorganisms and thought to play important roles in dna and chromophore binding of t ... | 1992 | 1339447 |
| dopamine stimulates growth hormone release from the pituitary of goldfish, carassius auratus, through the dopamine d1 receptors. | previously, we have demonstrated that ip injection of apomorphine, a nonselective dopamine (da) agonist, increases serum gh levels in the goldfish, suggesting a possible role of da in gh regulation. in the present study, the effects of da on gh release in the goldfish were further characterized using an in vitro perifusion system for pituitary fragments. da increased gh release in a dose-dependent manner with an ed50 of 0.26 +/- 0.06 microm. skf38393, a da d1 agonist, mimicked the gh-releasing e ... | 1992 | 1347006 |
| the effects of temperature change and transient hypoxia on auditory nerve fiber response in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | temperature change and hypoxia produce consistent, reversible effects on the response of single auditory nerve fibers in the goldfish. cooling and hypoxia produce reductions of a cell's spontaneous activity, sensitivity, most excitatory or best frequency (bf) at a given signal level, and overall responsiveness to acoustic stimulation. warming above ambient temperatures increases a cell's spontaneous activity, sensitivity, bf, and responsiveness. adaptation, or the tendency for responsiveness to ... | 1992 | 1348502 |
| sustained potential shift responses and their relationship to the ecg response during arousal in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1. goldfish, when presented with a 10 sec light-on stimulus against a background of 2 hr of sensory restriction, exhibited sustained potential shift (sps) activity, of differing polarity, at each of four surface recording sites, on the medulla, cerebellum, optic tectum and telencephalon. 2. principle components analysis (pca) indicated that sps responses from each region comprised superimposed early and late waveforms. at the cerebellar, tectal and telencephalic surfaces, neuronal activity appea ... | 1992 | 1348678 |
| maturation of the goldfish (carassius auratus) erythrocyte. | 1. cohorts of [3h]thymidine-labelled erythrocytes were examined over a 42-day period in goldfish (carassius auratus l.) recovering from phenylhydrazine hcl-induced anemia under normoxic conditions at 20 +/- 1 degree c and maintained with minimal disturbance on a high nutritional plane. 2. as judged by changes in primary and derived hematological variables, maturation required 16-20 days. 3. similar estimates were obtained using cytomorphic variables obtained by image analysing methods. 4. these ... | 1992 | 1351805 |
| fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity in the brain and pituitary of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the distribution of fmrfamide-like immunoreactivity was determined in the brain and the pituitary of the goldfish, carassius auratus. immunoreactive perikarya were observed in the olfactory nerve, nucleus entopeduncularis, nucleus anterioris periventricularis, nucleus posterioris periventricularis, lateral part of the nucleus lateralis tuberis pars posterioris, midbrain tegmentum, and medulla oblongata. immunoreactive fibers were widely distributed in the brain, in particular in the ventral tele ... | 1992 | 1354419 |
| afferents to the oculomotor nucleus in the goldfish (carassius auratus) as revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase. | the goal of this work was to compare the distribution and morphology of neurons projecting to the oculomotor nucleus in goldfish with those previously described in other vertebrate groups. afferent neurons were revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase. the tracer was electrophoretically injected into the oculomotor nucleus. the location of the injection site was determined by the antidromic field potential elicited in the oculomotor nucleus by electrical stimulation of the ocu ... | 1992 | 1401270 |
| effective loci and roles of acetylcholine in temperature regulation of goldfish. | microinjections of acetylcholine (ach) and carbachol were made into discrete forebrain loci in goldfish (carassius auratus) to evaluate the importance of cholinergic mechanisms for behavioral thermoregulation. injections of 5, 10, 25, and 50 micrograms ach into the far anterior nucleus preopticus periventricularis (npp) (r. peter and v. gill. j. comp. neurol. 159: 69-102, 1975) and immediately adjacent ventral telencephalon led to consistent dose-dependent decrease in selected temperature. no ef ... | 1992 | 1415647 |
| biotransformation of the flame retardant mc-984 by goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1992 | 1421851 | |
| in vitro biosynthesis of steroids, including 11-deoxycortisol and 5 alpha-pregnane-3 beta,7 alpha,17,20 beta-tetrol, by ovaries of the goldfish carassius auratus during the stage of oocyte final maturation. | to examine the production of steroids with potential oocyte maturation-inducing or pheromonal activity in the goldfish (carassius auratus) we have incubated mature ovaries of this species with 17-[3h]hydroxyprogesterone. the metabolites in the unconjugated, glucuronide, and sulfate fractions were identified by chromatography, microchemical reaction, and, in most cases, crystallization to constant specific activity. a major metabolite, present in all three fractions, was tentatively identified as ... | 2006 | 1426940 |
| cd-metallothionein in liver and kidney of goldfish (carassius auratus): effects of temperature and salinity. | treatment of goldfish with cd, by intraperitoneal injection, resulted in cd-metallothionein (cd-mt) synthesis mainly in liver and kidney. the relative amount of cd sequestered by liver metallothionein was always greater in fish maintained at 20 degrees c compared to those reared at 10 degrees c, indicating a temperature dependence of metallothionein biosynthesis; in the kidney this dependence was not so clearly evident. changes in mt levels induced by adapting fish to different salinities did no ... | 2015 | 1452441 |
| the fluorescent calcium indicator indo-1/am inhibits renal proximal tubule cell volume regulation. | the intracellular calcium indicator, indo-1, is a fluorescent compound related in structure and function to the calcium chelator ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether) tetraacetic acid (egta) that binds one calcium ion per molecule. in the extracellular range of 1 to 10 microm indo-1/am, the estimated intracellular concentration of the dye is 0.1 to 3 microm. therefore, it is likely that intracellular calcium signals could be blunted under these experimental conditions (cai approximately 0.1 ... | 2015 | 1503391 |
| evoked responses from an in vitro slice preparation of a primary gustatory nucleus: the vagal lobe of goldfish. | the vagal lobe of goldfish (carassius auratus) is a laminated structure in which primary gustatory afferents terminate in a stereotypical pattern. because the afferent fibers enter and distribute within the lobe in the transverse plane, the structure appeared suitable for in vitro slice electrophysiology. slices were cut on a vibratome at 400-800 microns thickness and placed in a fresh water teleost ringer's solution. following a recovery period, clear population responses were recorded followin ... | 1992 | 1504805 |
| ependymins from the cerebrospinal fluid of salmonid fish: gene structure and molecular characterization. | so far, ependymins (epds) have been sequenced only from cypriniform fish, and in the past all attempts have failed to characterize, on a molecular level, homologous epd proteins in higher vertebrates. therefore, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) epds, which represent the predominant proteins of the cerebrospinal fluid, have been n-terminally sequenced and the encoding cdna subsequently cloned using the polymerase chain reaction. surprisingly, only 40-42% of the amino acids are identical with t ... | 1992 | 1511892 |
| psychometric functions for level discrimination and the effects of signal duration in the goldfish (carassius auratus): psychophysics and neurophysiology. | classical conditioning of respiration was used to obtain psychometric functions for pulsed tone level discrimination in the goldfish (carassius auratus). conditioned respiratory suppression is a graded response that has some properties of a confidence rating measure. these properties were used to obtain receiver operating characteristics (roc) and psychometric functions using a blocked method of constant stimuli. empirical rocs and neurometric functions were also obtained for single auditory-ner ... | 1992 | 1512323 |
| effects of lesions of the optic nerve, optic tectum and nervus terminalis on rod precursor proliferation in the goldfish retina. | teleost retinas grow throughout life by proliferation of neuroblasts at the retinal margin and dedicated rod precursors in the outer nuclear layer. mechanisms regulating this proliferation are largely unknown. previous investigators observed that rod precursor replication, as detected by incorporation of radioactive thymidine into cells of the outer nuclear layer, is enhanced after optic nerve crush. we attempted to determine whether this was due to severing of the retinopetal (nervus terminalis ... | 1992 | 1515918 |
| a parkinsonian syndrome induced in the goldfish by the neurotoxin mptp. | parkinson's disease has been modeled in humans, lower primates, and to a lesser extent in some other vertebrates by administration of the potent neurotoxin mptp (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine). the mptp model has thus drawn considerable attention as a system to search for anti-parkinson's disease drugs, although the cost and scarcity of primates has limited extensive applications. we now report that a parkinsonian syndrome can be elicited in the common goldfish (carassius auratus) ... | 1992 | 1521741 |
| n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist mk-801 impairs learning but not memory fixation or expression of classical fear conditioning in goldfish (carassius auratus). | the amnestic effects of the noncompetitive antagonist mk-801 on visually mediated, classic fear conditioning in goldfish (carassius auratus) was examined in 5 experiments. mk-801 was administered 30 min before the training session on day 1 to look for anterograde amnestic effects, immediately after training to look for retrograde amnestic effects, and before the training or test session, or both, to look for state-dependence effects. the results showed that mk-801 produced anterograde amnesia at ... | 1992 | 1534239 |
| a morphological study of abducens nucleus motoneurons and internuclear neurons in the goldfish (carassius auratus). | the location and distribution of abducens (abd) nucleus motoneurons (mn) and internuclear neurons (int) were determined in the goldfish (carassius auratus) by means of horseradish peroxidase and fluorochrome retrograde labeling. abd mn were labeled following tracer injection into the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle. these mn were arranged in two ventrolateral clusters along the rostro-caudal axis of the posterior brainstem. both groups of neurons showed a similar number of cells, and their axo ... | 1992 | 1540841 |
| reversed-phase ion-paired hplc of purine nucleotides from skeletal muscle, heart and brain of the goldfish, carassius auratus l.--i. development of the analytical method. | 1. a reversed-phase ion-paired liquid chromatographic (hplc) method was developed to measure amp, adp, atp, imp, nad+ and nadp+ levels in white muscle, heart and brain of anoxic goldfish. 2. mobile phase parameters of the hplc method (concentrations of buffer, organic modifier and counter-ion, and ph) were varied to establish the optimal conditions for separation of the compounds of interest. 3. the analytical method was evaluated by calculating some relevant chromatographic parameters (reproduc ... | 1992 | 1611874 |
| reversed-phase ion-paired hplc of purine nucleotides from skeletal muscle, heart and brain of the goldfish, carassius auratus l.--ii. influence of environmental anoxia on metabolite levels. | 1. the type and the amounts of some (di)nucleotides in white skeletal muscle, heart and brain of anoxic goldfish were established with a reversed-phase ion-paired hplc method. 2. significant changes in the levels of these metabolites, as compared to controls, were observed. the most consistent change is the increase of imp and of imp-load (imp/atp + adp + amp) in the three tissues during anoxia. 3. adenylate energy charges are maintained at a high level in the anoxic white muscle and the anoxic ... | 1992 | 1611875 |
| the laboratory maintenance of sanguinicola inermis plehn, 1905 (digenea: sanguinicolidae). | methodology is described for the laboratory maintenance of the life-cycle of sanguinicola inermis, using common carp (cyprinus carpio) as the definitive host and lymnaea peregra as the intermediate host. lymnaea auricularia was also infected but is not considered to be a suitable laboratory host. tench (tinca tinca) were susceptible to infection at high cercarial doses but subsequent infection rates were low. goldfish (carassius auratus) and lymnaea stagnalis were refractory to laboratory infect ... | 1992 | 1614729 |
| functional organization of vagal reflex systems in the brain stem of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the coordination of secretory and motor responses to food within the alimentary canal requires well organized brain stem reflex systems. in the goldfish, carassius auratus, three vagal reflex systems control three phases of ingestion and digestion. the orobranchial system sorts food from substrate, the pharyngeal chewing organ prepares items deemed to be food for digestion and absorption, and the abdominal system regulates the digestion of food. each system is represented in the central nervous ... | 1992 | 1619041 |
| ascending general visceral pathways within the brainstems of two teleost fishes: ictalurus punctatus and carassius auratus. | the primary general visceral nucleus in goldfish (carassius auratus) and catfish (ictalurus punctatus) is located at the ventroposterior boundary of the vagal gustatory lobe and receives coelomic visceral, but not gustatory inputs. the neuronal tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was employed to visualize sources of input to and ascending projections from the primary general visceral nucleus in these species. in addition, immunocytochemical techniques were utilized to define the cytological divi ... | 1992 | 1629401 |
| effects of temperature on the in vivo and in vitro multiplication of trypanosoma danilewskyi laveran et mesnil. | temperature directly affected the in vivo and in vitro multiplication of trypanosoma danilewskyi laveran et mesnil. the parasitemia in experimentally infected goldfish (carassius auratus l.) increased rapidly at 20 degrees c and reached its peak in 3 to 5 weeks post-infection. the multiplication was slower at 10 degrees c. the parasitemia declined after the peak at 20 degrees c. lowering of temperature of the infected goldfish from 20 degrees c to 10 degrees c slowed multiplication of the parasi ... | 1992 | 1644346 |
| use of confocal microscope for the cellular analysis of the glycine synaptic receptor. | the presence of glycine receptors was examined with a monoclonal antibody and indirect immunofluorescence on reticular neurons of the goldfish (carassius auratus) brainstem. images of thin (0.6 microns) optical sections were recorded from 80 microns thick specimen with a confocal microscope thus obviating the need for mechanical slicing. due to the reduced out-of-focus noise, high resolution was obtained. lookthrough projections were computer generated. compared with classical methods involving ... | 1991 | 1653340 |
| immunohistochemical localization of glycine receptors and a linked polypeptide in the goldfish brain. | three monoclonal antibodies were used to examine with immunocytochemistry the distribution of the glycine receptors and the related 93kd polypeptide in the adult goldfish brain (carassius auratus). one immunoglobulin recognizes the 48kd strychnine-binding subunit of the receptor and the two others bind to the peripheral 93kd polypeptide which is coupled to the receptor molecules. immunofluorescent spots were visualised with all three antibodies on the somatic and dendritic membrane of the cells. ... | 1991 | 1653341 |
| accumulation of tri-n-butyltin chloride and triphenyltin chloride by oral and via gill intake of goldfish (carassius auratus). | 1. the bioconcentration factors (bcf) of both chemicals via gill intake of goldfish reached plateaux after 21 days of exposure. the average bcf values of bu3sncl and ph3sncl (n = 2) were 1976 and 1384, respectively, after 21-28 days of exposure. 2. the bcf values by oral intake of goldfish reached plateaux after 28 days for bu3sncl but did not for ph3sncl. the bcf values of bu3sncl and ph3sncl were 0.04 and 0.10, respectively, after 35 days. 3. the order of the bcf values via gill intake was rev ... | 1991 | 1675973 |
| neurotransmitter release from hair cells and its blockade by glutamate-receptor antagonists. | to assess the mechanism by which glutamate-receptor antagonists block afferent discharge at the hair cell synapse, we examined the effects of these and other agents on sound-evoked excitatory post-synaptic potentials (epsps) and on spontaneous miniature post-synaptic potentials (mepsps) in auditory-nerve fibers of the goldfish (carassius auratus) saccule. a quantal analysis of synaptic transmission under conditions in which the probability of transmitter release was reduced by cobalt, an agent t ... | 1991 | 1676396 |
| influences of norepinephrine, and adrenergic agonists and antagonists on gonadotropin secretion from dispersed pituitary cells of goldfish, carassius auratus. | static incubations of dispersed goldfish pituitary cells with 1-100 nm norepinephrine (ne) stimulated gonadotropin (gth) release. additions of the alpha-agonist phenylephrine, and the alpha 1-agonist 6-fluoronorepinephrine, but not the alpha 2-agonist clonidine, nor the beta-agonist isoproterenol, also enhanced gth secretion. the gth responses to 1 nm ne was significantly inhibited by coincubations with 1 microm of the alpha-antagonist phentolamine, the alpha 1-antagonists prazosine and benoxath ... | 1991 | 1682833 |
| cyclosporine inhibition of the chloride/bicarbonate exchanger of proximal renal tubules. | it has previously been reported by us that the immunosuppressant agent cyclosporine inhibits the ability of renal proximal tubule cells to regulate volume. proximal renal tubule cells exposed to hypotonic solutions rapidly swell and subsequently shrink. their regulatory cell volume decrease (rvd) is due to ca2(+)-calmodulin regulated kcl efflux followed by osmotically obligated water. in proximal renal tubule cells, potassium leaves the cell through a ca2(+)-activated potassium channel. while it ... | 2016 | 1709345 |
| glial fibrillary acidic protein in the fish optic nerve. | the intermediate filament glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) is the predominant cytoskeletal protein of mature glial cells in the mammalian nervous system. the nervous systems of lower vertebrates, such as fish, have been examined for the presence of gfap and several investigators have shown that goldfish (carassius auratus) brain contains gfap-positive astrocytes. the same studies have demonstrated that, in contrast to the brain, the optic nerve of goldfish did not show any gfap immunoreact ... | 1991 | 1718861 |
| enhancement of repair of uv-irradiated plasmids in cultured fish cells by fluorescent light preillumination and growth arrest. | the uv-irradiated plasmid pbscatsv, which could express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) in the presence of sv40 early promoter, was transfected into rbcf-1 cells derived from the goldfish (carassius auratus). the cells were incubated in the dark for 24 h and then the cat activity was measured. cat expression relative to non-irradiated control was calculated. the cat expression of the exponentially growing cells transfected with uv-irradiated plasmid was enhanced by fluorescent light (fl) ... | 1991 | 1719399 |
| retinal regeneration in teleost fish. | the neural retina in teleost fish can regenerate after surgical or neurotoxic destruction. whereas in amphibians the retina regenerates by transdifferentiation of pigmented retinal epithelial cells, in goldfish (carassius auratus) the source of regenerated retinal cells is a population of scattered proliferating cells located in the outer nuclear layer within the differentiated retina. these proliferating cells are modified neuroepithelial cells termed 'rod precursors' because in the intact reti ... | 1991 | 1752162 |
| masking and suppression in auditory nerve fibers of the goldfish, carassius auratus. | the responses of single fibers of the auditory nerve of the goldfish (carassius auratus) were recorded in response to two tones of different duration (20 ms 'signals' and 200 ms 'maskers') presented simultaneously or non-simultaneously. a single tone may produce excitation, adaptation, and suppression in auditory nerve fibers. for fibers with characteristic frequencies (cf) in the 200 to 400 hz range, frequencies well above cf tend to produce suppression. if the net response to the masker tone i ... | 1991 | 1757285 |
| melatonin deacetylation: retinal vertebrate class distribution and xenopus laevis tissue distribution. | deacetylation is a rapid clearance mechanism for ocular melatonin. we have studied the distribution of retinal melatonin deacetylase activity among vertebrate classes. exogenous radiolabeled melatonin is metabolized by ocular tissue prepared from the amphibian xenopus laevis, the reptile anolis carolinensis, the teleost fish carassius auratus, and the bird gallus domesticus. in contrast, we were unable to detect ocular melatonin breakdown in rat or pig. in each species exhibiting ocular melatoni ... | 1991 | 1782560 |
| synergistic induction of ovulation and prostaglandin synthesis in goldfish (carassius auratus) follicles by sodium orthovanadate and hydrogen peroxide. | the effects of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and sodium orthovanadate (na3vo4) on ovulation and prostaglandin (pg) production were investigated in goldfish (carassius auratus) follicles. h2o2, at levels that did not stimulate ovulation, significantly increased the ability of na3vo4 to induce ovulation. the enhancing effect of h2o2 on na3vo4-induced (10 microm) ovulation was observed over a wide range of concentrations (0.3-19.2 ppm) but was maximal at 1.2-4.8 ppm. the h2o2 effect on ovulation diminis ... | 1991 | 1805995 |
| effects of serotonin on gonadotropin and growth hormone release from in vitro perifused goldfish pituitary fragments. | the effects of serotonin (5-ht) on gonadotropin and growth hormone release from perifused goldfish (carassius auratus, l.) pituitary glands were studied. serotonin, at micromolar concentrations, caused a dose-related release of gonadotropin and an inhibition of growth hormone release in pituitaries from goldfish at different sexual stages. at lower concentrations 5-ht continued to inhibit growth hormone release, but had no effects on gonadotropin release. the stimulatory effects of 5-ht on gonad ... | 1991 | 1874380 |
| circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion from superfused goldfish (carassius auratus) pineal glands in vitro. | a flow-through, whole-organ culture (superfusion) system was developed, and goldfish pineal glands were maintained at 25 degrees under light-dark (ld) 12:12 cycles, reversed ld 12:12 cycles, continuous dark (dd), or continuous light (ll) conditions for 48 hr. under ld 12:12 and reversed ld 12:12 cycles, superfused pineal glands showed a rhythmic melatonin secretion: scotophase was associated with high titers and photophase with low titers. the melatonin secretion rhythms persisted for two cycles ... | 1991 | 1879667 |
| the development of a noncompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for oncorhynchid growth hormone using monoclonal antibodies. | the development of a sensitive and specific two-site, or sandwich, noncompetitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for oncorhynchid growth hormone (gh) using monoclonal antibodies (mcas) is reported. the mcas were generated by the fusion of myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice that had been immunized with chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) recombinant gh. the mcas specifically recognized the gh-secreting acidophils in the proximal pars distalis of immature male rainbow trout (oncorhyn ... | 1991 | 1879674 |
| immunoglobulin vh genes of the goldfish, carassius auratus: a re-examination. | five vh-related genomic sequences from the goldfish, carassius auratus, have been characterized. one of these sequences appeared to be a functional gene, and four to be pseudogenes. the main conclusions drawn from this study were that: (1) with minor exceptions, goldfish vh genes conform to the typical pattern of vertebrate vh genes in terms of their structure (they encode an intron-split hydrophobic leader, 3 framework and 2 complementarity-determining regions, and possess a typical 3' recombin ... | 2000 | 1905783 |
| goussia carpelli (apicomplexa, eimeriorina) from cyprinid fish: field observations and infection experiments. | intestinal tissue samples of 9 cyprinid and gobiid fish species from several hatcheries and ponds in south bohemia were found to harbour goussia carpelli-like coccidian oocysts. furthermore, laboratory transmission of goussia carpelli, obtained from common carp, was attempted to 9 cyprinid fish species, both laboratory reared and obtained from pond environments. infection experiments, carried out by fecal contamination (direct transmission) and by using tubificid oligochaetes as paratenic hosts ... | 1991 | 1928799 |
| lack of involvement of arachidonic acid metabolism in chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone ii (cgnrh-ii) stimulation of gonadotropin secretion in dispersed pituitary cells of goldfish, carassius auratus. identification of a major difference in salmon gnrh and chicken gnrh-ii mechanisms of action. | gonadotropin (gth) release in static incubations of dispersed goldfish pituitary cells was stimulated by chicken gth-releasing hormone ii (cgnrh-ii), salmon (s)gnrh, phospholipase a2, phospholipase c, phospholipase d, and arachidonic acid (aa). coincubations with nordihydroguaiaretic acid (ndga), 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, and indomethacin did not alter the gth responses to cgnrh-ii. in contrast, ndga reduced sgnrh-stimulated gth release. incubation with ca(2+)-deficient medium abolished t ... | 1991 | 1936548 |
| structural characterization of the melano-macrophage centres (mmc) of goldfish carassius auratus. | in the present work we have studied the organization of melano-macrophage centres (mmcs) in the peripheral lymphoid organs, including spleen, pro- and mesonephros, of the goldfish, carassius auratus, in an attempt to clarify their cellular composition, origins and functional relationships. histological analysis demonstrated a similar organization in the three organs on the basis of closely packed phagocytic cells containing abundant pigment. the mmcs of carassius auratus are found throughout the ... | 1991 | 1954065 |
| photoaffinity labeling of pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors in goldfish (carassius auratus). | receptors for gnrh were labeled by use of an iodinated (125i) photoreactive gnrh derivative [d-lys6-azidobenzoyl]-gnrh. this derivative was found to bind to two classes of gnrh binding sites: high-affinity/low-capacity sites and low-affinity/high-capacity sites. the binding affinity of [d-lys6-azidobenzoyl]-gnrh was found to be greater than that of d-lys6-gnrh, but lower than a superactive fish gnrh agonist [d-arg6, trp7, leu8, pro9-net]-gnrh (sgnrh-a). analysis of the photoaffinity-labeled gold ... | 1990 | 1963320 |