Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| laboratory evaluation of chlorfluazuron against larval phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae). | laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorfluazuron an insect growth-inhibitor against lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva). second- and third-instar l. longipalpis were exposed to four different doses (0.65, 0.75, 0.80, and 0.85 mg/ml) of chlorfluazuron added in the larval diet. a direct relationship between dose and larval mortality was observed. larval mortality was higher in younger larvae. in addition to larval mortality, reduced capacity of the adult femal ... | 1994 | 7962946 |
| development of leishmania chagasi (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) in the second blood-meal of its vector lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | light and electron microscopy investigations were carried out to compare the development of leishmania chagasi in lutzomyia longipalpis females that took a second blood-meal and others that took a single blood-meal. the establishment of the parasite in the foregut and the thoracic midgut of the vector was not severely affected by the intake of the second blood-meal. at 3 days after the intake of the second blood-meal, a rapid increase in the proportion of metacyclic promastigotes detected in the ... | 1994 | 7971928 |
| saliva of lutzomyia longipalpis sibling species differs in its composition and capacity to enhance leishmaniasis. | leishmania donovani chagasi parasites, transmitted by sandflies of the lutzomyia longipalpis species complex, normally cause visceral leishmaniasis. however, in central america infections frequently result in cutaneous disease. we undertook experiments to investigate the possible influence of sandfly saliva on the course of infection. erythemas caused by feeding sandflies correlated well with the levels of the erythema-inducing peptide, maxadilan, in their saliva. saliva of brazilian flies was t ... | 1994 | 7972360 |
| response of adult sandflies, lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), to sticky traps baited with host odour and tested in the laboratory. | the responses of adult lutzomyia longipalpis lutz and neiva to sticky traps baited with entrained volatiles from a hamster were assessed in the laboratory. in a two-choice test, significantly more females and males were caught on odour-baited sticky traps than on control traps, and only a few adults remained alive and untrapped at the end of the experiments. in contrast, significantly fewer flies of both sexes were caught in a series of tests where both traps were unbaited. twice as many males a ... | 1994 | 7979631 |
| isolation of oviposition pheromone from the eggs of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis. | semiochemical components of eggs of the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) were separated by high performance liquid chromatography. hplc fractions were examined quantitatively and qualitatively by gas chromatography (gc). a bioassay was used to determine the oviposition attraction of gravid l. longipalpis to each of the fractions separately and a peak responsible for the semiochemical activity was identified. gravid flies were placed in individual oviposition tubes to determin ... | 1994 | 8025318 |
| [evaluation of the effectiveness of deltamethrin (k-othrine ce) in the control of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), in the municipality of santa rita, paraíba, brazil]. | deltamethrin in emulsion concentrate was applied in doses of 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0mg/m2, in households near the littoral of the state of paraíba, where sporadic cases of visceral leishmaniasis were reported. there was a remarkable decrease in populations of several arthropods, including lutzomyia longipalpis. this insect, however, was found again in some treated walls, 14 and 21 days after spraying. statistical analysis indicated significant control for only two four-weeks periods, with extreme ir ... | 1993 | 8115683 |
| didelphis marsupialis, an important reservoir of trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi and leishmania (leishmania) chagasi in colombia. | the role of didelphis marsupialis as a reservoir of zoonotic hemoflagellates was examined in two ecologically distinct settings in colombia. while 72% (12 of 18) of the opossums collected in the tropical rain forest harbored trypanosoma cruzi, other mammals in the area had lower infection rates: 1.3% (proechymis semispinosus [spiny rat]; 13% tylomys mirae [climbing rat]; and 6% rattus rattus). trypanosoma cruzi isolates from d. marsupialis were similar to zymodeme 1 (z1), and two of four phenoty ... | 1994 | 8203703 |
| salivary gland material from the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis has an inhibitory effect on macrophage function in vitro. | previous work from our laboratory demonstrated that the infectivity of the protozoan parasite leishmania major was enhanced in mice if the infecting inoculum contained salivary gland lysates from the sand fly vector lutzomyia longipalpis. the present study was designed to address the hypothesis that sand fly salivary gland material may function by inhibiting the host immune response. results indicated that sand fly saliva inhibited the ability of macrophages to present leishmanial antigens to pa ... | 1993 | 8233563 |
| cytostatic effect of lutzomyia longipalpis salivary gland homogenates on leishmania parasites. | salivary gland homogenates (sgh) of female lutzomyia longipalpis, in concentrations as small as 0.05 pairs of glands/ml, inhibit the in vitro multiplication of promastigotes of leishmania mexicana amazonensis. the effect seems to be cytostatic since promastigote viability 24 hr after exposure ranged from 55% to 100% in different experiments. the cells cultivated in the presence of sgh were characterized by a very slender shape, with cell bodies that were almost two times as long as controls. the ... | 1993 | 8333578 |
| lutzomyia longipalpis is a species complex: genetic divergence and interspecific hybrid sterility among three populations. | the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis is the vector of leishmania donovani chagasi in latin america. an analysis of genetic variability at 27 enzyme coding loci among three laboratory populations of lu. longipalpis revealed substantial genetic polymorphism. levels of genetic distance between all pairwise comparisons of colonies were very high, and consistent with those previously reported among separate species in the genus lutzomyia. between 7% and 22% of the loci studied were diagnostic for any t ... | 1993 | 8333579 |
| host preferences of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis at an endemic focus of american visceral leishmaniasis in colombia. | blood meals from 579 lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera:psychodidae), collected in an endemic focus of american visceral leishmaniasis in colombia, were identified by precipitin test. sand fly collections were made during a 16-month period from the inside walls of two houses, a pigpen, and rock crevices in a small community (el callejon) within the endemic area. feeding patterns of the sand flies varied with locality and date of collection. overall, bovine feedings predominated, but feedings were al ... | 1993 | 8352394 |
| life cycle of leishmania major (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) in the neotropical sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | the development of leishmania major yakimoff & schokhor in the new world sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) was examined by light and electron microscopy. in this unnatural host, parasites differentiated into 10 typical morphological forms, multiplied at three sites, migrated anteriorly and established in the foregut, and attached to gut surfaces. in the blood meal, amastigotes divided and transformed into two successive dividing, stumpy promastigote stages. elongate nectomonad promas ... | 1993 | 8360894 |
| semiochemical mediation of oviposition by the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis. | extracts of rabbit food, hay and rabbit faeces elicited a positive oviposition response from gravid female lutzomyia longipalpis sandflies (diptera: phlebotominae). combined extract of rabbit food and oviposition pheromone had a synergistic effect on sandfly egg-laying, greatly increasing the number of eggs laid and resulting in a highly targeted response. individually tubed flies, exposed to the combined extract, were shown to be 3.5 times more likely to survive oviposition and laid 2.5 times m ... | 1993 | 8369556 |
| dispersal of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) at an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in colombia. | mark-release-recapture studies were carried out during 1990-1991 in el callejón, colombia, an endemic focus of american visceral leishmaniasis, to study the longevity, dispersal, and flight range of the principal vector, lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva. several groups of wild-caught (n = 1,539) and laboratory-reared f1 (n = 2,208) sand flies were marked with fluorescent dusts and released. recaptures at daytime resting sites, on animal bait, and in cdc light traps were made for 20 d following ... | 1993 | 8459421 |
| leishmania differentiation in natural and unnatural sand fly hosts. | leishmania differentiation in the gut of phlebotomine sand flies was evaluated based on five light and electron microscopic studies of natural (leishmania panamensis/lutzomyia gomezi, leishmania chagasi/lutzomyia longipalpis) and unnatural (leishmania mexicana/lutzomyia abonnenci, leishmania panamensis/phlebotomus papatasi, leishmania major/lutzomyia longipalpis) life cycles. in the bloodmeal, transformation of amastigotes into stumpy promastigotes occurred before or during division. further div ... | 1993 | 8461893 |
| laboratory evaluation of repellents against four anopheline mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) and two phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae). | deet, the lactone cic-4, and the piperidine compounds a13-37220 and a13-35765 were evaluated for initial repellency against laboratory-reared anopheles albimanus wiedemann, an. freeborni aitken, an. gambiae giles, an. stephensi liston, and phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) using a dose-response testing procedure on human volunteers. in addition, deet and cic-4 were tested against lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva). in general, the repellency of a13-37220, a13-35765, and cic-4 was not markedly dif ... | 1993 | 8510108 |
| the development of species of leishmania ross, 1903 in lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912). | the development of four isolates of leishmania from foci of american cutaneous leishmaniasis was studied in lutzomyia longipalpis. the suggestion that the differences in the development of the leishmania in the invertebrate host are of great taxonomic significance was confirmed. the pattern of development of three strains was typical of parasites of the subgenus leishmania, the other was similar to leishmania of the subgenus viannia. the identification of the strains using other criteria is in a ... | 1995 | 8544741 |
| structural characterization and location of disulphide linkages of a potent vasodilatory peptide, recombinant maxadilan, by a multiple mass spectrometric approach. | a multiple mass spectrometric strategy using fast-atom bombardment (fab) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (maldi) has been used to confirm the sequence and to locate the disulfide linkages of recombinant maxadilan (r-maxadilan) (average molecular mass 7422.5 da), a potent vasodilatory peptide from lutzomyia longipalpis. maldi measurements of intact r-maxadilan, its reduced form and its pyridylethylated form (p-maxadilan) indicated the presence of four cys residues without major po ... | 1996 | 8624417 |
| the influence of sugars and amino acids on the blood-feeding behaviour, oviposition and longevity of laboratory colony of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) (diptera: psychodidae, phlebotominae). | schneider's drosophila medium, a complex amino acid rich medium was tested alone and with seven different sugars for some aspects of the biology of lutzomyia longipalpis. statistically significant results were obtained when sucrose was used alone, indicating that among the sugars tested, this is still the most suitable and practical one for the maintenance of l. longipalpis colonies. however, the addition of schneider's medium to a pool of different sugars, was suggested to be related with the a ... | 2003 | 8731372 |
| effect of fluorescent powder on lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) and a simple device for marking sand flies. | a simple device for marking phlebotomine sand flies with fluorescent powders is described and tested; the design of the new device is characterized by separate compartments for sand flies and powder. the effect of fluorescent powder on survival and mobility of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis was compared using our device (method a) and a single-container method (method b). mortality within 1 h of powder application was negligible for method a (0.9%), but was 19.8% for method b; in addition, m ... | 1996 | 8827598 |
| vasodilatory properties of recombinant maxadilan. | maxadilan is a peptide from the salivary gland of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis, a vector for leishmaniasis. cutaneous injection of femtomolar quantities of maxadilan produces long-lasting erythema, making it the most potent vasodilator known. isolated rabbit thoracic and abdominal aorta, carotid artery, and iliac artery demonstrated dose-dependent arterial relaxation in response to maxadilan with a mean effective concentration (ec50) of 2.7 +/- 1.5, 2.1 +/- 0.5, 2.6 +/- 0.4, and 1.9 +/- 0. ... | 1996 | 8853326 |
| comparison of the sex-pheromone components of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera:psychodidae) from areas of visceral and atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis in honduras and cost rica. | the terpene components of extracts prepared from male lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) collected from four sites in honduras and one in costa rica were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and coupled gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. the terpene components of lu. longipalpis from other regions of south america have previously been shown to be sex pheromones. the flies from the four areas of honduras, where leishmania chagasi infection may lead ... | 1996 | 8915130 |
| heterogeneities in the transmission of infectious agents: implications for the design of control programs. | from an analysis of the distributions of measures of transmission rates among hosts, we identify an empirical relationship suggesting that, typically, 20% of the host population contributes at least 80% of the net transmission potential, as measured by the basic reproduction number, r0. this is an example of a statistical pattern known as the 20/80 rule. the rule applies to a variety of disease systems, including vector-borne parasites and sexually transmitted pathogens. the rule implies that co ... | 0 | 8990210 |
| spectral sensitivity in the eyes of male and female lutzomyia longipalpis sandflies. | using electroretinogram recordings, the response of lutzomyia longipalpis sandfly eyes to a range of wavelengths of light was measured, and spectral sensitivity determined. the eyes of both male and female adult sandflies were found to respond maximally to light in the ultraviolet region (at 340 nm) with a secondary peak in the blue-green-yellow region at 520 nm for females and 546 nm for males. the mann-whitney u test showed no significant differences between males and females at corresponding ... | 1996 | 8994140 |
| maxadilan, the vasodilator from sand flies, is a specific pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide type i receptor agonist. | maxadilan is a potent vasodilator peptide isolated from salivary gland lysates of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis, a vector of leishmaniasis. the peptide aids the fly in obtaining blood from the skin of its vertebrate hosts but the mammalian receptor through which this insect ligand acts was unknown. we demonstrate that maxadilan is an agonist of the type i receptor for pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide, a neuropeptide with vascular activity. this surprising observation is a uniq ... | 1997 | 8995389 |
| receptors for the vasodilator maxadilan are expressed on selected neural crest and smooth muscle-derived cells. | maxadilan is a potent vasodilator peptide isolated from salivary glands of the blood feeding sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. the peptide relaxes rabbit aortic rings in an endothelium independent manner while elevating levels of camp and has been found to bind to membrane homogenates from brain. these studies on tissues have now been expanded with an examination of binding and signaling of maxadilan to a number of established cell lines and primary cultures. the data reveal that maxadilan binds t ... | 1996 | 9035385 |
| differential application of lambda-cyhalothrin to control the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis. | to study the impact of residual pyrethroid insecticide on the abundance and distribution of peridomestic lutzomyia longipalpis, the sandfly vector of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil, lambda-cyhalothrin was applied at 20 mg a.i.m-2 in the following interventions: (i) spraying of all animal pens in a village (blanket coverage); (ii) treatment of a subset of animal pens, either by spraying, or by installation of insecticide-impregnated 1 m2 cotton sheets as 'targets' (focal coverage). by sampling ... | 1997 | 9061673 |
| sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in central colombia. | lutzomyia longipalpis, 15 other species of the genus lutzomyia, and one species of brumptomyia were collected in an endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a river canyon 450 m above sea-level, in rio claro, antioquia, colombia. the presence of lu. longipalpis is associated with the destruction of the primary forest and the development of new farmland and rural settlement in this region. the composition of species identified a different habitat for lu. longipalpis in colombia. lu. yuilli and ... | 1996 | 9070401 |
| development of endotrypanum (kinetoplastida:trypanosomatidae) in experimentally infected phlebotomine sand flies (diptera:psychodidae). | the developmental biology (parasite establishment, migration, and differentiation) of brazilian strains of endotrypanum are reported for 3 sand fly species: lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva, l. shannoni dyar, and phlebotomus papatasi scopoli. laboratory-reared sand flies were infected by feeding on a promastigote suspension through a chick-skin membrane. infections within the insect gut were examined at various times after feeding by staining fresh and fixed specimens. development of endotrypa ... | 1997 | 9103762 |
| carbohydrate-binding specificities and physico-chemical properties of lectins in various tissue of phlebotominae sandflies. | physico-chemical properties and carbohydrate-binding specificity of hemagglutination activity (ha) were compared in tissue lysates and haemolymph of unfed and bloodfed females of five sandfly species. sandfly gut lectins were found to be heat-labile, sensitive to dithiotreitol treatment, freezing/thawing procedures and were affected by divalent cations. the ph optimum of ha ranged between 7.0-7.5. specificity of gut ha of all species studied was directed towards aminosugars and some glycoconjuga ... | 1997 | 9188176 |
| evaluation of the fungus beauveria bassiana as a potential biological control agent against phlebotomine sand flies in colombian coffee plantations. | in colombia, the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes) is widely used to control the coffee berry borer hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: scolytidae) in coffee plantations. recent studies suggested that this fungus is also pathogenic to several important vectors of disease, including phlebotomus papatasi and lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). the present study evaluated the use of b. bassiana as a potential biological control agent against phlebotom ... | 1997 | 9281401 |
| ecological interactions of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of bahia, brazil. | the laboratory and field observations summarized in this paper on visceral leishmaniasis ecology in the state of bahia, brazil are based on the author's observations over the past 35 years in a number of state's foci, public health records and literature citations. the disease is endemic with epidemic outbreaks occurring every ten years and its geographical distribution is expanding rapidly in the last years. leishmania chagasi is the main ethiologic agent of the visceral leishmaniasis but le. a ... | 1996 | 9283643 |
| patterns of genetic variability in colonized strains of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) and its consequences. | the genetic qualities of laboratory colonies of phlebotomine sand flies have not been compared with field specimens despite 1) probable genetic shifts due to the colonization process and 2) the problems associated with the extrapolation of experimental data derived from colonized organisms to field populations. the present study compared the genetic profiles of five laboratory colonies of geographic strains of the new world sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis, and contrasted them with field populatio ... | 1997 | 9288819 |
| nectar from a wax plant, hoya sp., as a carbohydrate source for lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | 1997 | 9290853 | |
| isolation and bacterial expression of a sesquiterpene synthase cdna clone from peppermint (mentha x piperita, l.) that produces the aphid alarm pheromone (e)-beta-farnesene. | (e)-beta-farnesene is a sesquiterpene semiochemical that is used extensively by both plants and insects for communication. this acyclic olefin is found in the essential oil of peppermint (mentha x piperita) and can be synthesized from farnesyl diphosphate by a cell-free extract of peppermint secretory gland cells. a cdna from peppermint encoding (e)-beta-farnesene synthase was cloned by random sequencing of an oil gland library and was expressed in escherichia coli. the corresponding synthase ha ... | 1997 | 9371761 |
| the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis shows specific humoral responses to bacterial challenge. | the presence of immune molecules induced by microorganisms in the haemolymph of lutzomyia longipalpis sandflies has been investigated. injections of escherichia coli and micrococcus luteus into female sandflies induced anti-bacterial activity in the haemolymph. inhibition zone assays showed that haemolymph from e. coli and m.luteus injected sandflies differentially inhibited m.luteus growth. this differential effect was specific to m.luteus infection since anti-e.coli activity was similar in hae ... | 1997 | 9430110 |
| isozymic and metric variation in the lutzomyia longipalpis complex. | male lutzomyia longipalpis of two types from bolivia were compared using isozyme electrophoresis and wing morphometry. one sample (ex chiflonkaka cave, alt. 2800 m at toro toro, charcas province, potosi department) was 'two-spot' phenotype males (i.e. tergites iii and iv with paired pale patches of pheromone glands), whereas two other locality samples (apa apa and imanaco, sud yungas province, la paz department) were one-spot male phenotype (only tergite iv with paired pale patches). multilocus ... | 1997 | 9430121 |
| larval microhabitats of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in colombia. | an intensive search for the larval habitats of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) was conducted from november 1992 to october 1993 at a small rural community in colombia where american visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. emergence traps constructed from polyvinyl chloride pipes were used to sample a variety of soil microhabitats that included edge areas of covered pigpens, cattle corrals, the base of trees, and leaf litter at sites within 40 m of a house, rocks in fields located between 50 and ... | 1997 | 9439128 |
| the vasoactive peptide maxadilan from sand fly saliva inhibits tnf-alpha and induces il-6 by mouse macrophages through interaction with the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) receptor. | maxadilan is a vasodilatory peptide encoded by a gene cloned from lutzomyia longipalpis salivary glands. in this study we investigated the effects of maxadilan on macrophage functions. maxadilan treatment of lps-stimulated balb/c macrophages inhibited tnf-alpha release but increased il-6. further, it also induced il-6 release in a dose-dependent manner from unstimulated macrophages. maxadilan increased production of pge2, and the inhibition of tnf-alpha was completely abrogated by indomethacin. ... | 1998 | 9469441 |
| susceptibility of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) to selected insecticides in an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in venezuela. | a field population of lutzomyia longipalpis from la rinconada, lara state, an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis in venezuela, was tested for susceptibility to organochlorine (ddt 2%), carbamate (propoxur 0.01%), organophosphate (malathion 2%, fenitrothion 1%, and pirimiphos methyl 1%), and pyrethroid (deltamethrin 0.06%, lambdacyhalothrin 0.06%, and permethrin 0.2%) insecticides. susceptibility to the insecticides tested was evaluated in the field population of l. longipalpis and compared ... | 1997 | 9474559 |
| sugar feeding and fluid destination control in the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | sandfly feeding behaviour and destination of coloured sugar meals in the gut of lutzomyia longipalpis were investigated with particular attention to the role of the crop. sandflies were able to ingest sugar from liquid drops, microcapillaries, a slice of pear and even sugar powder. in most cases the flies adopted a 'sugar feeding mode' with raised palps. as the fruit dried, flies of both sexes fed by piercing the tissue with the proboscis. all sugar-fed flies had a full crop plus a small amount ... | 1998 | 9513934 |
| phlebotomus papatasi saliva inhibits protein phosphatase activity and nitric oxide production by murine macrophages. | leishmania parasites, transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies, are obligate intracellular parasites of macrophages. the sand fly phlebotomus papatasi is the vector of leishmania major, a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the old world, and its saliva exacerbates parasite proliferation and lesion growth in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. here we show that p. papatasi saliva contains a potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2a of murine macrophages. we f ... | 1998 | 9529078 |
| genetic variability among populations of the sand fly lutzomyia (lutzomyia) longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) from central america. | eleven central american populations of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) were analyzed for genetic variation at 16 enzyme loci. the aim was to study the genetic structure among populations within this region and to identify demes that may represent different sibling species. genotypic frequencies within populations agreed with hardy-weinberg expectations, indicating that there were no sympatric sibling species among these 11 populations. levels of genetic distance between pairs of populations ... | 1998 | 9538579 |
| genetic structure of local populations of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) in central colombia. | lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva), the sand fly vector of american visceral leishmaniasis in the new world tropics, has a broad but discontinuous geographical distribution from southern mexico to argentina. a baseline for population genetic structure and genetic variability for this species was obtained by analyzing 5 local, peridomestic populations at the approximate center of its distribution, the magdalena river valley of central colombia. three populations of l. longipalpis from el callej ... | 1998 | 9542350 |
| [phlebotomines (diptera: psychodidae) focusing visceral leishmaniasis in the state of mato grosso do sul, brazil]. | in the americas, lutzomyia longipalpis has been incriminated as the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in almost all the areas in which this disease has been reported. the notification of human cases of visceral leishmaniasis and the presence of dogs with an appearance suggestive of the disease in the country of corumbá, mato grosso do sul state, brazil, led us to undertake an entomological investigation in this area, for the purpose of identifying the phlebotomine vector. | 1997 | 9595767 |
| salivary gland lysate from the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis suppresses the immune response of mice to sheep red blood cells in vivo and concanavalin a in vitro. | 1998 | 9603500 | |
| stomodaeal valve ultrastructure in the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | the stomodaeal valve and adjacent cardia region of the alimentary canal of the phlebotomine sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis have been studied using electron microscopy. with the scanning electron microscope (sem), numerous pit-like structures of different sizes were found in the surface of the valve of male and female flies. under the transmission electron microscope (tem), the cells adjacent to the pores were shown to have numerous mitochondria and to lack neural innervation. it is suggested that ... | 1998 | 9622365 |
| [update on the geographical distribution and first record of lutzomyia longipalpis in an urban area in são paulo state, brazil]. | 1997 | 9629719 | |
| prevention of cerebral vasospasm by vasodilatory peptide maxadilan following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. | maxadilan is a vasodilatory peptide isolated from the blood-feeding sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. its vasodilatory activity, estimated by the formation of erythema on rabbit skin, is greater than those of calcitonin gene-related peptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (pacap). we have recently demonstrated that maxadilan is a specific agonist for the pacap type i receptor, which is widely distributed in brain. therefore, we were interest ... | 1998 | 9685937 |
| genetic variation among natural and laboratory colony populations of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912)(diptera: psychodidae) from colombia. | genetic diversity among three field populations of lutzomyia longipalpis in colombia was studied using isozyme analysis. study sites were as much as 598 km apart and included populations separated by the eastern cordillera of the andes. genetic variability among populations, estimated by heterozygosity, was within values typical for insects in general (8.1%). heterozygosity for field populations were compared with a laboratory colony from colombia (melgar colony) and were only slightly lower. th ... | 1998 | 9698845 |
| morphological study of the larval spiracular system in eight lutzomyia species (diptera: psychodidae). | the morphology of the spiracles of fourth instar larva in eight sandfly species were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. species studied were: lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva), l. ovallesi (ortiz), l. youngi feliciangeli & murillo, l. evansi (nuñez-tovar), l. trinidadensis (newstead), l. migonei (frança), l. absonodonta feliciangeli, and l. venezuelensis (floch & abonnenc). in larvae of all eight species both thoracic and abdominal spiracles are located at the top of a globul ... | 2006 | 9698846 |
| field monitoring of cypermethrin residual effect on the mortality rates of the phlebotomine sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis in the state of paraíba, brazil. | in a visceral leishmaniasis endemic locality of northeast of brasil where all settlements were treated with cypermethrin, a follow-up of lutzomyia longipalpis populations was carried out by regular collections. the residual effect of the insecticide was studied using biological assays on three different types of walls. the results showed that the insecticides had an effect on intradomiciliar lu. longipalpis populations limited to two months, and had no significant effect on peridomiciliar vector ... | 1998 | 9698867 |
| random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis of lutzomyia longipalpis laboratory populations. | the phlebotomine sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis has been incriminated as a vector of american visceral leishmaniasis, caused by leishmania chagasi. however, some evidence has been accumulated suggesting that it may exist in nature not as a single but as a species complex. our goal was to compare four laboratory reference populations of l. longipalpis from distinct geographic regions at the molecular level by rapd-pcr. we screened genomic dna for polymorphic sites by pcr amplification with decame ... | 1998 | 9713138 |
| transformation, development, and transmission of axenically cultured amastigotes of leishmania mexicana in vitro and in lutzomyia longipalpis. | axenic cultures of leishmania mexicana amastigotes were transformed to promastigotes in vitro and in vivo in lutzomyia longipalpis. in vitro, both exponential phase and stationary phase amastigotes were capable of transforming and growing as promastigotes, but exponential phase amastigotes completed this transition more quickly. in vivo, both populations were capable of establishing infections in sand flies by membrane feeding and could be transmitted to balb/c mice via bite. a variety of morpho ... | 1998 | 9749637 |
| a role for pheromones in mate choice in a lekking sandfly. | there is increasing evidence to suggest that pheromone-mediated communication may play an important role in mate choice in many insects. we investigated the possible role of pheromones in mate choice in the lekking sandfly, lutzomyia longipalpis, and explored whether males or females display any behavioural traits that predict patterns of male mating success. pairs of virgin males were introduced into a small mating chamber and allowed to interact for approximately 10 min prior to the introducti ... | 1998 | 9790700 |
| lutzomyia longipalpis: ph in the gut, digestive glycosidases, and some speculations upon leishmania development. | screening for digestive glycosidases in different parts of the gut and associated organs of lutzomyia longipalpis is reported. searches for the enzymes were made in blood-fed and non-blood-fed females and the enzymes were characterized as soluble or membrane-bound molecules. a total of four different activities were detected, corresponding to the following specificities: an alpha-glucosidase, an n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase, an n-acetyl-beta-d-galactosaminidase, and an alpha-l-fucosidase. the ... | 1998 | 9806865 |
| genetic polymorphism of morphological and biochemical characters in a natal, brazil, population of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | the phlebotomine sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis, is the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the new world. variability in its tergal spot morphology has led to conflicting interpretations of the species status of the various forms. an l. longipalpis field population from eastern brazil was found with three co-occurring morphological variations--1-spot, 2-spot, and an intermediate form. genetic profiles were established for each form. fifteen isoenzyme loci provided the data matrix for compariso ... | 1998 | 9813825 |
| phlebotomus papatasi sand fly salivary gland lysate down-regulates a th1, but up-regulates a th2, response in mice infected with leishmania major. | a vertebrate host becomes infected with leishmania major when the sand fly vector injects parasites into skin along with saliva. previous studies showed that salivary gland lysate of the new world sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis markedly enhanced l. major infection in cba mice. however, l. major is an old world parasite transmitted in nature by the old world sand fly phlebotomus papatasi. here we examine the ability of p. papatasi salivary gland lysate to enhance infection (lesion size and parasi ... | 1998 | 9820534 |
| exponential fitness gains of rna virus populations are limited by bottleneck effects. | fitness is a parameter that quantitatively measures adaptation of a virus to a given environment. we have previously reported exponential fitness gains of large populations of vesicular stomatitis virus replicating in a constant environment (i. s. novella et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 92:5841-5844, 1995). in this paper, we report that during long-term passage of such large viral populations, fitness values reached a high-fitness plateau during which stochastic fitness variations were observ ... | 1999 | 9882378 |
| genetic variability in biochemical characters of brazilian field populations of the leishmania vector, lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae). | the phlebotomine sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis is the insect vector of visceral leishmaniasis, a protozoan disease of increasing incidence and distribution in central and south america. electrophoretic allele frequencies of 15 enzyme loci were compared among the l. longipalpis populations selected across its distribution range in brazil. the mean heterozygosity of two colonized geographic strains (one each from colombia and brazil) were 6% and 13% respectively, with 1.6-1.9 alleles detected per ... | 1998 | 9886196 |
| metaphase karyotypes and g-banding in sandflies of the lutzomyia longipalpis complex. | mitotic metaphase chromosomes (2n = 8) from brain cells of fourth instar sandfly larvae of four geographical strains of the lutzomyia longipaplis complex were examined microscopically, with bright-field illumination, after staining by a new g-banding technique involving exposure of air-dried chromosome preparations to quinacrine and ultraviolet light. differences of g-banding and/or position of the centromere on chromosome 4 (the smallest chromosome pair) distinguished four putative sibling spec ... | 1999 | 10194752 |
| variation in the salivary peptide, maxadilan, from species in the lutzomyia longipalpis complex. | maxadilan is an approximately 7kda peptide that occurs in the saliva of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. this peptide is a potent vasodilator and may also have immunomodulatory effects related to the pathogenesis of leishmanial infections. variation in the primary dna and inferred amino acid sequence of maxadilan is reported. differences were found within and among natural field populations as well as among sibling species. extensive amino acid sequence differentiation, up to 23%, was observe ... | 1999 | 10380110 |
| [phlebotomus (diptera, phlebotominae) from saint luis island, maranhão gulf region, brazil]. | this study lists 32 species of sand flies, 1 of them belonging to the genus brumptomyia and 31 to the genus lutzomyia, distributed among the following subgenera: psychodopygus (6), nyssomyia (5), pressatia (3), evandromyia (2), psathyromyia (2), sciopemyia (2), lutzomyia (1), micropygomyia (1), viannamyia (1), and the groups oswaldoi (5) and migonei (3). the sand flies were captured in the wild (forest) and in peridomicile (pigpen, hen house and stable) and intradomicile (bedroom) areas from 06: ... | 1999 | 10380563 |
| behaviour of lutzomyia longipalpis in an area of southern honduras endemic for visceral/atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the predominant sandfly in las maria de pavana, choluteca, honduras, was found to be lutzomyia longipalpis, most (69%) of the 791 specimens of this species caught being male. when local lu. longipalpis were studied over 1 year (1986-1987) using cdc traps, peaks in the size of the adult population were observed in december and july, each after a period of rain. most [51% (24/47)-67% (97/144)] of the flies caught inside houses were female whereas most [55% (6/11)-56% (37/66)] of those caught outsi ... | 1998 | 10396347 |
| infectivity of plasmodium berghei sporozoites delivered by intravenous inoculation versus mosquito bite: implications for sporozoite vaccine trials. | plasmodium berghei sporozoites delivered by mosquito bite were more infectious to outbred cd-1 mice than were sporozoites delivered by intravenous inoculation. the route of challenge also affected vaccine efficacy. in view of these findings and the fact that mosquito bites are the natural mode of sporozoite delivery, infectious mosquito bites should be considered the challenge protocol of choice for sporozoite vaccine efficacy trials. | 1999 | 10417207 |
| breeding structure of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) in brazil. | eleven populations of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva), the sand fly vector of leishmania chagasi, from different areas of brazil were analyzed for genetic variation at 16 enzyme loci. in this region, the prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) caused by l. chagasi is spotty and reproductive isolation among populations of lu. longipalpis has been reported. it is thought that morphologically similar cryptic species with varying vectorial capacity may be responsible for the discontinuous dis ... | 1999 | 10432072 |
| density of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in domestic and wild animal shelters in an area of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of rio grande do norte, brazil. | the objective of the present study was to determine the association of sand flies with the presence of domestic and wild animals in the peridomiciliary area. the sand flies were collected using direct aspiration and cdc light traps placed in animal shelters. the results suggest that different sand flies species have different behavioral characteristics in an apparent preference for animal baits and that lutzomyia longipalpis and lu. evandroi were the most eclectic species regarding their biotope ... | 1999 | 10445997 |
| [sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) from an endemic leishmaniasis area in the cerrado region of the state of maranhão, brazil]. | this article presents a list of ten sandfly species from the genus lutzomyia frança, 1924 found in the counties of aldeias altas, capinzal do norte, caxias, codó, coelho neto, timbiras, timon and tuntum in northeastern maranhão, brazil. presence of sandflies was associated with cases of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. some 377 specimens were captured indoors with cdc light traps and 1491 specimens in the peridomicile. the species were: lutzomyia cortelezii, lutzomyia evandroi, lutzomyia go ... | 1999 | 10502159 |
| filamentous proteophosphoglycan secreted by leishmania promastigotes forms gel-like three-dimensional networks that obstruct the digestive tract of infected sandfly vectors. | development of leishmania parasites in the digestive tract of their sandfly vectors involves several morphological transformations from the intracellular mammalian amastigote via a succession of free and gut wall-attached promastigote stages to the infective metacyclic promastigotes. at the foregut midgut transition of leishmania-infected sandflies a gel-like plug of unknown origin and composition is formed, which contains high numbers of parasites, that occludes the gut lumen and which may be r ... | 1999 | 10569240 |
| the status of the lutzomyia longipalpis species complex and possible implications for leishmania transmission. | the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis sensu latu has been identified as the principal vector of american visceral leishmaniasis, a potentially fatal disease that primarily affects children in several countries of south and central america. over the past several years increases have occurred both in the number of reported cases and the population at risk: approximately 1.6 million people reside in highly endemic areas with 16,000 cases reported annually. several studies have attempted to relate the ... | 1999 | 10585647 |
| toward an understanding of the biochemical and pharmacological complexity of the saliva of a hematophagous sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. | the saliva of blood-sucking arthropods contains powerful pharmacologically active substances and may be a vaccine target against some vector-borne diseases. subtractive cloning combined with biochemical approaches was used to discover activities in the salivary glands of the hematophagous fly lutzomyia longipalpis. sequences of nine full-length cdna clones were obtained, five of which are possibly associated with blood-meal acquisition, each having cdna similarity to: (i) the bed bug cimex lectu ... | 1999 | 10611354 |
| establishment and characterization of a new continuous cell line from lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) and its susceptibility to infections with arboviruses and leishmania chagasi. | embryonic tissue explants of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva 1912) the main vector of leishmania chagasi (cunha and chagas), were used to obtain a continuous cell line (lulo). the tissues were seeded in mm/vp12 medium and these were incubated at 28 masculinec. the first subculture was obtained 45 days after explanting and 96 passages have been made to date. lulo is composed of epithelioid cells, showed a 0.04 generations/hour exponential growth rate and population doubling time ... | 2000 | 10656714 |
| maxadilan interacts with receptors for pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating peptide in human sh-sy5y and sk-n-mc neuroblastoma cells. | receptors for pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating peptide (pacap) have been identified in human sh-sy5y neuroblastoma cells with pacap being 1000-fold more potent than vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) in [(125)i]pacap binding inhibition and stimulation of camp accumulation. maxadilan, a vasodilator peptide from the salivary gland of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis also specifically bound to sh-sy5y cells, and was equipotent to pacap in [(125)i]pacap and [(125)i]maxadilan binding inhibiti ... | 1999 | 10657479 |
| epidemiologic aspects of american visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic focus in eastern venezuela. | an endemic focus of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl) in eastern venezuela has been evaluated in terms of patients (n = 48), immunologic reactivity to leishmania in household contacts (n = 187) and neighborhood controls (n = 170), detection of leishmania (l. donovani complex) in dogs and wild animals by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and characteristics of the sandfly population. the male:female ratio of patients was 1.18:1; 89.6% were < or =12 years old. serologic reactivity was signif ... | 1999 | 10674675 |
| occurrence of sibling species of lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) in venezuela: first evidence from reproductively isolated sympatric populations. | the delimitation of cryptic species within the main vector of the american visceral leishmaniasis, lutzomyia longipalpis, remains a topic of controversy. an analysis of genetic variability based on 8 enzymatic loci revealed fixed differences in 2 diagnostic loci, adenylate kinase (ak) and hexokinase (hk), between sympatric and allopatric populations at 4 localities in venezuela. the absence of heterozygotes for these 2 loci within 1 locality indicates, for the first time, the presence of 2 sympa ... | 1999 | 10674686 |
| genetics of mosquito vector competence. | mosquito-borne diseases are responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. efforts to control mosquito-borne diseases have been impeded, in part, by the development of drug-resistant parasites, insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, and environmental concerns over the application of insecticides. therefore, there is a need to develop novel disease control strategies that can complement or replace existing control methods. one such strategy is to generate pathogen-resi ... | 2000 | 10704476 |
| salivary amylase activity of the phlebotomine sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis. | both male and female adult stages of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis have detectable amylase activity in their salivary glands, as indicated by formation of p-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-maltoside from p-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-octoside and by hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-maltoheptaoside-4,6,-o-ethylidene. no salivary alpha-glucosidase was detected. amylase activity was also found in the crop and midgut of female flies, although in a smaller amount. salivary amylase is significantly reduced from t ... | 2000 | 10727893 |
| the salivary 5'-nucleotidase/phosphodiesterase of the hematophagus sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis [corrected]. | salivary gland homogenates from adult female lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies contain large amounts of 5'-nucleotidase and phosphodiesterase activities. phosphodiesterase activity was found to be associated with 5'-nucleotidase in several independent experiments: (i) it coelutes with 5'-nucleotidase on a molecular sieving column, (ii) it coelutes with 5'-nucleotidase on a chromatofocusing column, and (iii) it has the same thermal inactivation kinetics as the 5'-nucleotidase activity. additionall ... | 2000 | 10727894 |
| aspects related to productivity for four generations of a lutzomyia longipalpis laboratory colony. | a closed colony of lutzomyia longipalpis was established with specimens collected in the raposa - serra do sol indian reservoir, one of the main foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of roraima, brazil. biological observations were made on four generations of a l. longipalpis colony with emphasis on productivity. aspects studied were the number of laid and retained eggs, and the number of adults (male and female) per generation. during the four generations the percentage of engorged female ... | 2006 | 10733749 |
| [sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) in a secondary forest area in the paco do lumiar city, maranhao, brazil: a leishmaniasis transmission area]. | this paper analyzes the wealth of species, relative abundance, seasonal fluctuation, and nocturnal activity of sandflies. the field survey was conducted in a "capoeira" (secondary forest) area in the county of paço do lumiar, maranhão, where cutaneous and transmission of visceral leishmaniasis frequently occurs. sandflies were captured by cdc-type light traps from 6:00 pm to 6:00 am, once a month, from march 1997 to february 1998. a total of 489 specimens were collected (251 males and 238 female ... | 2000 | 10738174 |
| adenosine, amp, and protein phosphatase activity in sandfly saliva. | as they probe the skin for blood, sand flies inject saliva that prevents hemostasis. sand fly saliva also promotes leishmaniasis by suppressing immunologic functions of macrophages. saliva of phlebotomus papatasi, the vector of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis, contains adenosine and amp. we show that ph. papatasi saliva as well as pure adenosine down-regulate the expression of the inducible nitric oxide (no) synthase gene in activated macrophages. in addition ph. papatasi, but not lutzomyia lo ... | 2000 | 10761741 |
| studies on populations of lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) in brazil. | studies were performed on five brazilian populations of lutzomyia longipalpis: salvaterra (pa), são josé do ribamar (ma), canindé (ce), natal (rn) and gruta da lapinha, lagoa santa (mg). no morphological differences were observed that could distinguish between these populations. homogeneity tests showed that the allopatric populations display a certain heterogeneity and that the sympatric populations, with different patterns of spots, are homogeneous. the student-newman-keuls test, represented b ... | 2000 | 10800188 |
| adaptive female choice for middle-aged mates in a lekking sandfly. | most theoretical models of age-related mate choice predict that females should prefer older males because they have proven survival ability. an alternative view is that older males represent inferior mates because of negative genetic correlations between early and late fitness components, or because older males have traded off longevity against other fitness components, have accumulated deleterious germ-line mutations, or are less well adapted to current conditions than more recently born indivi ... | 0 | 10821613 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity to phlebotomus papatasi sand fly bite: an adaptive response induced by the fly? | the saliva of bloodsucking arthropods contains a large array of pharmacologically active compounds that assist hematophagy. arthropod saliva is also responsible for causing uncomfortable allergic responses in its vertebrate hosts. in this article, we investigate whether the sand fly phlebotomus papatasi, known to produce a strong delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) in humans, could benefit from, and possibly adaptively induce, this response in their vertebrate hosts. in this study, we show that ... | 2000 | 10841567 |
| the salivary adenosine deaminase from the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis. | in the process of sequencing a subtracted cdna library from the salivary glands of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis, we identified a cdna with similarities to gene products of the adenosine deaminase family. prompted by this cdna finding, we detected adenosine deaminase activity at levels of 1 u/mg protein in salivary gland homogenates. the activity was significantly reduced following a blood meal indicating its apparent secretory fate. the native enzyme has a k(m) of approximately 10 microm, ... | 2000 | 10864517 |
| sibling species in the llutzomyia longipalpis complex differ in levels of mrna expression for the salivary peptide, maxadilan. | maxadilan is a small ( approximately 7 kda) protein found in the saliva of sand fly species in the lutzomyia longipalpis complex, vectors of the parasite causing visceral leishmaniasis, leishmania chagasi. it is a potent vasodilator and also has immunomodulatory affects. maxadilan recovered from different sibling species of the lu. longipalpis complex differ in amino acid content by as much as 23%, however all variants possess equivalent vasodilatory activity. therefore, the dramatic differences ... | 2000 | 10886415 |
| molecular and biologic characterization of leishmania parasites implicated in an epidemic outbreak in northwestern argentina. | leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and its variants were implicated in the epidemic outbreak of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis that occurred in salta, northwestern argentina, in 1985. a total of 24 suspected, untreated cases were evaluated clinically and parasitologically. four of five stable isolates were consistent with the reference strain of l. (v.) braziliensis as determined by monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence or radioimmunobinding assays. zymodeme analysis in agarose gels ... | 2000 | 10894479 |
| correlated morphologic and genetic diversity among lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) collections in venezuela. | diversity among lutzomyia longipalpis populations in venezuela was characterized using 2 methods: larval mouthpart morphology-morphometry and isoenzyme electrophoresis. analysis of the results suggested the presence of 2 morpho-genotypes. the mentum, maxillary comb, mandibular ventral teeth, and adenylate kinase and hexokinase enzyme-encoding loci suggested that a population from the northwestern coriano system (curarigua) is a distinct lineage within the l. longipalpis complex. three widely sep ... | 2000 | 10901644 |
| evolution of lesion formation, parasitic load, immune response, and reservoir potential in c57bl/6 mice following high- and low-dose challenge with leishmania major. | a model of cutaneous leishmaniasis using 10(2) leishmania major metacyclic promastigotes inoculated into the footpads of genetically resistant c57bl/6 mice was studied in order to more accurately reproduce the evolution of lesion formation and the kinetics of parasite growth and immune response as they might occur in naturally exposed reservoirs and in human hosts. in contrast to the more conventional experimental model employing 10(6) metacyclic promastigotes, in which the rapid development of ... | 2000 | 10948141 |
| competence of the human host as a reservoir for leishmania chagasi. | the failure of control programs for visceral leishmaniasis (vl) that depend on elimination of infected dogs suggests that other reservoir hosts may participate in the transmission cycle. to determine whether persons infected with leishmania chagasi can infect the vector sand fly, laboratory-reared lutzomyia longipalpis were allowed to feed on brazilian subjects with active, cured, and asymptomatic vl and on asymptomatic residents of houses of persons with active vl. of 3747 insects that had fed, ... | 2000 | 10950806 |
| [prevalence of microbiota in the digestive tract of wild females of lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva, 1912) (diptera: psychodidae)]. | we dissected the digestive tract of 245 females in pools of 35 flies forming 7 groups. these flies were lutzomyia longipalpis originating from lapinha cave, lagoa santa, minas gerais. out of the 8 species of bacteria isolated there was a predominancy of gram negative bacterias (gnb) in the group of non-fermenters of sugar belonging to the following species: acinetobacter lwoffii, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, pseudomonas putida and flavimonas orizihabitans. the group of gnb fermenters were: ente ... | 2000 | 10967602 |
| "the salivary 5'-nucleotidase/phosphodiesterase of the hematophagus sand fly, lutzomyia longipalpis" by jose m.c. ribeiro, edgar d. rowton and rosane charlab. insect biochemistry and molecular biology 30(4) pp.279-285 | 2000 | 10989299 | |
| posterior spiracles of fourth instar larvae of four species of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) under scanning electron microscopy. | in the present study, posterior spiracles of laboratory-reared fourth instar larvae of lutzomyia longipalpis, l. migonei, l. lenti, and l. whitmani (diptera: psychodidae) of the state of ceará, brazil, were examined under scanning electron microscopy. the number of papillae of spiracles examined varied according to the species examined, but no intraspecific differences were found. the importance of this structure to sand fly larva identification and phylogeny is commented. | 2003 | 10998217 |
| simulium vittatum (diptera: simuliidae) and lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae) salivary gland hyaluronidase activity. | hyaluronidase activity in the salivary gland homogenates of simulium vittatum (zetterstedt) is described, and its optimal ph determined. salivary activity was reduced significantly after a blood meal, indicating that it was secreted after blood feeding. phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) also exhibited salivary hyaluronidase activity. these results indicate that hematophagous pool-feeding insects may secrete this enzyme to help the spread of salivary antihemostatic agents in the vicinity of the feed ... | 2000 | 11004788 |
| salivary proteins and glycoproteins in phlebotomine sandflies of various species, sex and age. | salivary gland proteins were studied in sandflies (diptera: psychodidae: phlebotominae) by electrophoretic techniques. in phlebotomus duboscqi neveu-lemaire the protein concentration was about 30 times higher in females than in males. sds page revealed eight major bands of 29-62 kda in salivary gland extracts (sge) from females, whereas only one band of 57kda was detected in males. the number of protein components in sge gradually increased with the age of females. in p. papatasi (scopoli) the t ... | 2000 | 11016431 |
| expression of heterologous promoters in lutzomyia longipalpis and phlebotomus papatasi (diptera: psychodidae) cell lines. | to establish a transient expression system for genes introduced into sand fly cell lines, we tested the expression of the luciferase reporter gene under control of different promoters. towards this end, we lipofected cell lines obtained from new and old world sand flies, ll-5 from lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva and pp-9 from phlebotomus papatasi scopoli, respectively. the relative levels of luciferase expression were studied under control of drosophila melanogaster meigen heat shock protein ... | 2000 | 11126533 |
| sensilla on the terminalia of lutzomyia spp. (diptera: psychodidae) sand flies. | sensilla on the male terminalia of four different species of sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) are described. two species belonged to the same species complex: lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) and l. cruzi (mangabeira). other brazilian species complex was represented by l. lenti (mangabeira) and l. carmelinoi (ryan, fraiha, lainson & shaw). approximately 5-15 sensilla were found on the initial part of the styles of all species. structurally, the sensory organs were similar to small coeloconi ... | 2000 | 11126541 |
| the salivary apyrase of the blood-sucking sand fly phlebotomus papatasi belongs to the novel cimex family of apyrases. | apyrases are enzymes that hydrolyze nucleotide di- and triphosphates to orthophosphate and mononucleotides. at least two families of enzymes, belonging to the 5'-nucleotidase and to the actin/heat shock 70/sugar kinase superfamily, have evolved independently to serve the apyrase reaction. both families require either ca(2+) or mg(2+) for their action. a novel apyrase enzyme sequence, with no homology to any other known protein sequence, was found recently in the salivary glands of the hematophag ... | 2001 | 11136609 |
| speciation and population structure in the morphospecies lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva) as derived from the mitochondrial nd4 gene. | recent studies have suggested that the phlebotomine sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis (diptera: psychodidae), the principal vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the neotropics, may consist of several allopatric sibling species. phylogenetic and population genetic analyses of nucleotide variation in a 618-bp fragment of the mitochondrial nd4 gene were carried out on specimens of lu. longipalpis from several locations in central and south america. the analyses were concordant with previous findings, i ... | 2001 | 11161745 |
| [first record of finding lutzomyia longipalpis (lutz & neiva, 1912) in the urban area of brazil]. | this is a report of the first finding of visceral leishmaniasis' vector lutzomyia longipalpis in the urban area of campo grande, state of mato grosso do sul. the importance of this finding regarding the transmission of the disease in this area is discussed. | 2000 | 11175612 |