Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| experimental transmission of a murine microsporidian in swiss mice. | the production of ascitic fluid and splenomegaly on intraperitoneal injection in weanlings was used as a test for microsporidia after introduction by other routes and in other loci. oral and cerebral administration was followed only by enlarged spleens which reproduced the ascitic response on passage. microsporidia were demonstrable by phase microscopy in all fluids. positive findings were also obtained with liver, kidney, brain, lungs, blood, and urine. intramuscular and intranasal injection we ... | 1967 | 4862191 |
| [the possibility of encephalitozoon cuniculi multiplication in chick fibroblast cultures]. | 1970 | 4995876 | |
| the occurrence of nosema cuniculi (encephalitozoon cuniculi) in the cells of transplantable, malignant ascites tumours and its effect upon tumour and host. | 1966 | 5919478 | |
| murine encephalitozoonosis model for studying the host-parasite relationship of a chronic infection. | encephalitozoon cuniculi caused chronic nonlethal infections in euthymic balb/cann mice, whereas athymic balb/cann-nu mice died from infection. specific, anamnestic, transferable, and acquired responses against e. cuniculi were expressed by infected euthymic mice. resistance to lethal disease appears to be t-cell dependent. immune serum failed to protect infected athymic mice, whereas the transfer of t-enriched spleen cells from e. cuniculi-sensitized euthymic donors prevented lethal e. cuniculi ... | 1983 | 6406368 |
| enhanced natural killer cell activity in experimental murine encephalitozoonosis. | spleen cells from mice infected with the protozoan parasite encephalitozoon cuniculi demonstrated enhanced in vitro cytolysis of yac-1 lymphoma cells. selective cell depletion experiments showed that the dominant cell population mediating cytolysis of yac-1 tumor cells expressed the characteristic phenotype of murine natural killer (nk) cells because (i) pretreatment of spleen cells with anti-asialo gm 1 antiserum plus complement abolished the cytotoxic activity; (ii) augmented cytolysis was fou ... | 1983 | 6408001 |
| diagnosis of encephalitozoonosis in man by serological tests. | 1984 | 6423136 | |
| [human microsporidiosis--does it exist?]. | 1984 | 6427536 | |
| mechanisms of resistance to the intracellular protozoan encephalitozoon cuniculi in mice. | mechanisms of resistance to the obligate intracellular protozoan encephalitozoon cuniculi were studied in balb/c mice. resistance to lethal disease was t cell-dependent because transfer of t-enriched, but not t-depleted, spleen cells from sensitized balb/c donors would protect infected balb/c-nu mice. a modified focus-forming assay was utilized to measure effects on e. cuniculi infectivity in vitro. the results show that antibodies exert an opsonization effect and may block parasite entry into n ... | 1984 | 6434635 |
| comparison of tests for the diagnosis of spontaneous encephalitozoonosis in rabbits. | the effectiveness of immunofluorescence, complement fixation, microagglutination serologic tests, intradermal skin test, and detection of histologic lesions were compared for use in diagnosis of spontaneous encephalitozoonosis in rabbits. the india ink and microbead agglutination reactions were compared with immunofluorescence and complement fixation by testing 11 single or pooled sera. serologic tests correlated best with each other and less well with intradermal tests or presence of lesions. i ... | 1984 | 6434822 |
| antibody against encephalitozoon cuniculi in swedish homosexual men. | sera of 30 swedish homosexual men belonging to the group at risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) were examined for antibodies against various opportunistic parasites. antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi were found in 33%, to pneumocystis carinii in 43%, and to toxoplasma gondii in 37%. the results indicate that e. cuniculi might be transmitted among homosexual men. | 1984 | 6442007 |
| investigation into the transplacental transmission of encephalitozoon cuniculi in rabbits. | an investigation into the transmission of encephalitozoon cuniculi was undertaken in both naturally- and experimentally-infected rabbits. only 2 nurslings were found with rising antibody titres at 8-10 weeks of age, when infection could have been caused by environmental contamination. | 1980 | 6767136 |
| role of antibody and complement in the control of encephalitozoon cuniculi infections by rabbit macrophages. | the capacity of mononuclear peritoneal macrophages to phagocytose encephalitozoon cuniculi was tested in vitro. normal rabbit serum or cell culture medium had little effect on the rate of removal of organisms by rabbit peritoneal macrophages. treatment with immune rabbit serum or immune rabbit immunoglobulin g significantly (p less than 0.001) increased phagocytosis of e. cuniculi. guinea pig complement was found to significantly (p less than 0.001) enhance the phagocytosis of antibody-treated e ... | 1980 | 6769813 |
| effect of fumagillin on in vitro multiplication of encephalitozoon cuniculi. | encephalitozoon cuniculi (levaditi, nicolau & schoen) is an obligate intracellular pathogenic parasite of rabbits, carnivores, laboratory rodents, and a variety of other mammals. cell cultures of rabbit and canine cells were infected with rabbit and dog isolates of e. cuniculi. four days later 5 microgram/ml of fumagillin was introduced into the culture medium. the multiplication of the parasite was inhibited within 48 h and this effect was maintained as long as the antibiotic remained in the me ... | 1980 | 6772772 |
| the indirect india-ink immunoreaction for detection of antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi in rat and mouse serum. | the direct india-ink immunoreaction and the india-ink immunoreaction inhibition tests are described and results are compared with those obtained by the indirect fluorescence antibody test. titrations of seropositive samples were made by 2 methods and the titres obtained were similar. some advantages of the india-ink immunoreaction as a diagnostic test are discussed. | 1980 | 6776343 |
| encephalitozoon cuniculi antibodies in commercially-available rabbit antisera and serum reagents. | 1980 | 6776344 | |
| a survey of encephalitozoon cuniculi in laboratory animal colonies in the united kingdom. | of 38 animal colonies serologically examined for encephalitozoon cuniculi, 1 mouse, 2 rat and 4 guineapig colonies were positive. a further survey showed that the prevalence within mouse, rat, guineapig and rabbit colonies varied between 25 and 95%. guineapigs housed with infected rabbits are at a greater risk of being infected than those housed separately. nephritis was a common feature, but cerebral granulomata were not seen. | 1980 | 6776345 |
| a survey of serum antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi in breeding rabbits and their young. | screening of a rabbit breeding colony by the india-ink immunoreaction test revealed that 73% of the animals had antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi. the study also indicated the passive transmission of antibodies from infected dams to their offspring. ninety-five percent of the rabbits born to seropositive dams had maternal antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi up to the age of 4 weeks with titers ranging from 1:25 to 1:800. after elimination of maternally transferred antibodies, about 50% o ... | 1980 | 6776348 |
| the ultrastructure of encephalitozoon cuniculi growing in renal tubules of rabbits. | a wild type rabbit infected orally with cell culture-grown encephalitozoon cuniculi. twelve weeks after infection the rabbit was killed and blocks of kidney tissue were fixed for histology and electron microscopy. e. cuniculi were observed within kidney collecting tubule cells. the ultrastructure and development of e. cuniculi in these cells was similar to that described in cultured cells and peritoneal macrophages. | 1981 | 6784368 |
| encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox--morphological identification of the parasite. | microsporidian organisms causing great losses among young blue foxes (alopex lagopus) were isolated and propagated in monolayer cell cultures and examined by transmission- and scanning electron microscopy. the parasite was found to fulfil the criteria set up for the genus encephalitozoon and the ultrastructural findings indicated that the parasite was morphologically identical to encephalitozoon cuniculi previously isolated from some other mammalian species. terminal vesicles on the extruded pol ... | 1981 | 6789608 |
| susceptibility of selected inbred strains of mice to encephalitozoon cuniculi. | selected inbred strains of mice were examined for susceptibility to peritoneal infections with encephalitozoon cuniculi. marked differences in susceptibility and resistance among mouse strains were not controlled by loci within the mouse major histocompatibility (h-2) complex, but resistance in balb/c mice was influenced by a dominant gene(s) outside the h-2 complex. the lethality of peritoneal infections in hypothymic nude mice suggested that resistance to encephalitozoonosis is dependent on th ... | 1981 | 6792298 |
| infections with encephalitozoon cuniculi and leptospira interrogans, serovars grippotyphosa and ballum, in a kennel of foxhounds. | leptospira interrogans serovars grippotyphosa and ballum were isolated from kidney and urine of an american foxhound pup. the pup was from a litter of 12, all of which were unthrifty. titers for serovar grippotyphosa in pups from the litter ranged from 200 to 6,400 and 23 of 36 adult dogs in the kennel had titers to that serovar. none of the sera was tested for antibodies to serovar ballum. leptospires were not isolated from or observed in 2 littermates and 1 penmate, but gram-positive organisms ... | 1982 | 6800994 |
| histopathological lesions associated with encephalitozoon cuniculi (nosematosis) infection in a colony of wistar rats. | 1982 | 6810020 | |
| detection of antibodies to nosema cuniculi (protozoa : microscoporidia) in human and animal sera by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. | 1982 | 6810473 | |
| encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox. comparison between the india-ink immuno-reaction and the indirect fluorescent antibody test in detecting encephalitozoon cuniculi antibodies. | 1982 | 6810666 | |
| rapid simultaneous diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and encephalitozoonosis in rabbits by carbon immunoassay. | examination of 90 laboratory rabbits by the carbon immunoassay using mixed toxoplasma gondii and encephalitozoon cuniculi antigen, revealed 14 rabbits as positive to toxoplasma gondii and 22 to encephalitozoon cuniculi. cross reactions were not encountered. blood samples also were examined by the indirect fluorescent antibody test for antibody to toxoplasma gondii. there was complete correlation for positive and negative blood samples between the two tests. necropsy of 10 rabbits positive to tox ... | 1982 | 6815378 |
| experimental encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox. transplacental transmission of the parasite. | 1982 | 6816029 | |
| experimental encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox. neonatal exposure to the parasite. | 1982 | 6817627 | |
| experimental encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox. clinical, serological and pathological examinations of vixens after oral and intrauterine inoculation. | 1982 | 6820234 | |
| experimental encephalitozoonosis in the blue fox. clinical and serological examinations of affected pups. | 1982 | 6820235 | |
| an investigation of encephalitozoon cuniculi in the wild rabbit oryctolagus cuniculus in victoria, australia. | sera from 823 wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) collected from a number of geographic regions of victoria, australia over the past eight years were examined for antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi, along with sera from 46 hares (lepus europaeus) (pallas) and 57 new zealand wild rabbits. no sera were positive, implying that this common laboratory rabbit parasite is absent from wild rabbits in these areas. however, wild rabbits were found to be readily infected by the oral route with small n ... | 1980 | 6987299 |
| simple diagnostic test for antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi based on enzyme immunoassay. | 1981 | 7022017 | |
| a serological survey of encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in the wild rabbit in england and scotland. | sera from 175 wild rabbits trapped in england or scotland over the past two years were tested for antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi. no sera were positive, suggesting that this common laboratory rabbit pathogen is rare in wild rabbits in these areas. | 1980 | 7414097 |
| the course of infection of encephalitozoon cuniculi in immunodeficient and immunocompetent mice. | a humoral and cellular response was detected in c57bl mice 14-21 days after experimental infection with encephalitozoon cuniculi. in athymic (nu/nu) mice a severely limited cellular response and no antibodies were detected, but masses of spores were found in the liver and other viscera. these spores were probably responsible for the death of the nude mice. antibodies in c57bl mice remained at high levels for at least 17 months after infection. | 1980 | 7431830 |
| detection of microsporidia (enterocytozoon bieneusi) in intestinal biopsy specimens from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients by pcr. | intestinal microsporidiosis has been implicated as a major cause of chronic diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. so far diagnosis depends on direct visualization of the parasites by light and transmission electron microscopy. we evaluated the diagnostic value of microsporidian dna amplification by pcr on duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with and without intestinal microsporidiosis caused by enterocytozoon bieneusi. thirteen hiv-infected patients (all ... | 1995 | 7494017 |
| reactive nitrogen intermediates implicated in the inhibition of encephalitozoon cuniculi (phylum microspora) replication in murine peritoneal macrophages. | encephalitozoon cuniculi (phylum microspora) is a protozoan parasite that can replicate within parasitophorous vacuoles in macrophages. thioglycollate-elicited balb/c peritoneal macrophages treated with murine recombinant interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma; 100 7/ml) in combination with lipopolysaccharide (lps; 10 ng/ml) for 24 h killed e. cuniculi as determined by significant reductions in the number of parasites and percent of infected macrophages 48 h later compared with cultures treated with mediu ... | 1995 | 7501421 |
| pathology of symptomatic microsporidial (encephalitozoon hellem) bronchiolitis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a new respiratory pathogen diagnosed from lung biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum, and tissue culture. | encephalitozoon hellem is a recently described microsporidian associated with an expanding spectrum of clinical presentations in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). it is morphologically similar to encephalitozoon cuniculi, a microsporidian infection of mammals and some avians, and their differentiation rests on biochemical and antigenic analyses. this report describes a patient previously diagnosed with keratoconjunctivitis due to e hellem who subsequently was found to ... | 1993 | 7504651 |
| staining of microsporidian spores by optical brighteners with remarks on the use of brighteners for the diagnosis of aids associated human microsporidioses. | conditions for the effective fluorescence labelling of microsporidian spores by optical brighteners, based on the presence of chitin in the spore wall, are described. spores of vairimorpha ephestiae, v. necatrix, v. plodiae, nosema bombycis, n. apis, n. algerae, encephalitozoon cuniculi and enterocytozoon bieneusi were examined. the degree of binding of calcofluor white m2r (cfw) to untreated spores depends on the conditions and time of storage and the degree of bacterial contamination of the sp ... | 1993 | 7516908 |
| susceptibility of encephalitozoon cuniculi to several drugs in vitro. | in the light of the increased incidence of human encephalitozoon infections and the absence of an established treatment protocol, a simple in vitro testing method to compare activities of drugs against encephalitozoon cuniculi was developed. with this in vitro method, the 50% inhibitory concentrations of fumagillin, thiabendazole, albendazole, oxibendazole, and propamidine isethionate for e. cuniculi in rabbit kidney cells were determined. itraconazole, toltrazuril, metronidazole, ronidazole, an ... | 1995 | 7574513 |
| encephalitozoon-like organisms in patients with alveolar hydatid disease: cell culture, ultrastructure, histoimmunochemical localization and seroprevalence. | we found encephalitozoon-like organisms in an in vitro culture of a human liver lesion which was due to larval echinococcus multilocularis. the organisms developed in the same fashion as an encephalitozoon cuniculi. the spores that developed in parasitophorous vacuoles were 2.0-2.6 x 1.1-1.5 microns; each contained a single nucleus and 4-5 polar tubule coils, closely resembling e. cuniculi in its ultrastructure. mature spores were collected from the supernatants by the use of percoll centrifugat ... | 1995 | 7581327 |
| primers designed for amplification of echinococcus multilocularis dna amplify the dna of encephalitozoon-like spores in the polymerase chain reaction. | microsporidian spores were developed from cells which were grown in vitro from a human liver lesion which was due to larval echinococcus multilocularis. the microsporidian spores developed in the same fashion as an encephalitozoon cuniculi. the encephalitozoon-like spores were completely separated on percoll gradients. the separated spores contained dna capable of amplification by two different primer sets designed for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of e. multilocularis dna. however, the ce ... | 1995 | 7581328 |
| small subunit ribosomal dna phylogeny of various microsporidia with emphasis on aids related forms. | phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit ribosomal dna of a broad range of representative microsporidia including five species from humans (enterocytozoon bieneusi, nosema corneum, septata intestinalis, encephalitozoon hellem and encephalitozoon cuniculi), reveals that human microsporidia are polyphyletic in origin. septata intestinalis and e. hellem are very similar to the mammalian parasite e. cuniculi. based on the results of our phylogenetic analysis, we suggest that s. intestinalis be des ... | 1995 | 7581329 |
| [microsporidiosis: a new protozoan disease in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)]. | the list of infections, threatening patients with impaired immunological system, especially infected with hiv, prolongs systematically. since early eighties many authors pay attention to little known type of protozoan: microspora. more and more often new microsporidia species are described as a cause of disease, especially in patients with aids. we present review of literature data concerning species known up to now as pathogenic for man: encephalitozoon cuniculi, encephalitozoon hellem, nosema ... | 1994 | 7597182 |
| encephalitozoon cuniculi isolated from the urine of an aids patient, which differs from canine and murine isolates. | a species of encephalitozoon has been isolated from the urine of a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and maintained in vitro in madin darby canine kidney cells. when examined by random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction the new isolate was found to differ from e. hellem and to have amplified products in common with murine and canine e. cuniculi. however, it more closely resembled the canine than the murine isolate. sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel elec ... | 1995 | 7620460 |
| identification of microsporidia in stool specimens by using pcr and restriction endonucleases. | we report the development of a pcr-based assay for the detection of microsporidia in clinical specimens. a single primer pair complementary to conserved sequences of the small-subunit rrna enabled amplification of dna from the four major microsporidian pathogens of humans: encephalitozoon cuniculi, encephalitozoon hellem, enterocytozoon bieneusi, and septata intestinalis. the extraction method allowed pcr amplification of e. bieneusi and s. intestinalis dna from sodium hypochlorite-treated stool ... | 1995 | 7665639 |
| genetic and immunological characterization of the microsporidian septata intestinalis cali, kotler and orenstein, 1993: reclassification to encephalitozoon intestinalis. | the relationships between the encephalitozoon-like septata intestinalis and other microsporidia that occur in humans; notably encephalitozoon cuniculi and encephalitozoon hellem, is insufficiently documented using morphological descriptions alone. to assess mutual relationships, we have examined other phenotypic as well as genetic aspects of s. intestinalis, obtained both from tissue culture and clinical specimens, in comparison with a number of other microsporidia. phenotypic characterization w ... | 1995 | 7724235 |
| polymerase chain reaction and culture confirmation of disseminated encephalitozoon cuniculi in a patient with aids: successful therapy with albendazole. | infections due to microsporidia are being recognized increasingly, especially in aids patients. a patient with disseminated microsporidiosis with advanced renal failure due to encephalitozoon cuniculi (confirmed by culture and polymerase chain reaction [pcr]) is described. the organism from urine and sputum was characterized by culture, weber's chromotrope-based staining, transmission electron microscopy, and indirect immunofluorescence (iif) tests. pcr was done on dna extracted from the infecte ... | 1995 | 7751721 |
| in vitro culture and serologic and molecular identification of septata intestinalis isolated from urine of a patient with aids. | microsporidian spores were identified, on the basis of weber's staining, in urine, stool, nasal, and saliva samples of an aids patient with diarrhea, hematuria, dysuria, and dementia. urine and stool samples contained numerous spores, whereas few spores were seen in the nasal and saliva samples. spores were concentrated from urine samples and inoculated into monkey kidney cell (e6) monolayers. after 6 to 8 weeks of culture, infected e6 cells filled with spores as well as spores free in the cultu ... | 1995 | 7790463 |
| ifn-gamma and lps induce murine macrophages to kill encephalitozoon cuniculi in vitro. | 1994 | 7804235 | |
| in vitro sensitivity of encephalitozoon cuniculi and e. hellem to albendazole. | 1994 | 7804237 | |
| cryptosporidium and microsporidial beta-tubulin sequences: predictions of benzimidazole sensitivity and phylogeny. | 1994 | 7804238 | |
| in vivo efficacy of albendazole against encephalitozoon cuniculi in scid mice. | 1994 | 7804252 | |
| the in vitro activity of albendazole against encephalitozoon cuniculi. | 1994 | 7804263 | |
| antiprotozoal activities of benzimidazoles and correlations with beta-tubulin sequence. | benzimidazoles have been widely used since the 1960s as anthelmintic agents in veterinary and human medicine and as antifungal agents in agriculture. more recently, selected benzimidazole derivatives were shown to be active in vitro against two protozoan parasites, trichomonas vaginalis and giardia lamblia, and clinical studies with aids patients have suggested that microsporidia are susceptible as well. here, we first present in vitro susceptibility data for t. vaginalis and g. lamblia using an ... | 1994 | 7811023 |
| in vitro model to assess effect of antimicrobial agents on encephalitozoon cuniculi. | we have developed a new micromethod to study the effect of drugs on microsporidia, using mrc5 fibroblasts infected by 10(5) spores of encephalitozoon cuniculi. after 3 days of incubation with various concentrations of drugs, parasitic foci were counted in stained cultures. the inhibition of microsporidial growth exceeding 90% with albendazole (0.005 microgram/ml), fumagillin (0.001 microgram/ml), 5-fluorouracil (3 micrograms/ml), and sparfloxacin (30 micrograms/ml) was observed. chloroquine, pef ... | 1994 | 7840584 |
| utility of microsporidian rrna in diagnosis and phylogeny: a review. | this paper summarizes work done in this laboratory over the last two years on the cloning of microsporidian rrna by homology pcr and its subsequent use in diagnostic tests and phylogenetic studies. using highly conserved primers in the 16s or small subunit rrna (ssu-rrna) these genes were cloned from human intestinal biopsies with transmission electron microscopy proven enterocytozoon bieneusi and septata intestinalis. the ssu-rrna genes were then used to design and test several primer pairs for ... | 1994 | 7927064 |
| the severe combined immunodeficient mouse as a model for encephalitozoon cuniculi microsporidiosis. | microsporidia have been recently recognized as opportunistic pathogens in aids patients. in attempt to develop an animal model with features similar to the infections observed in the immunodeficient patients, the adult severe combined immunodeficient mice (scid) were administered both intraperitoneally and perorally by 2 x 10(7) spores of the murine isolate of e. cuniculi. the experimental inoculation caused a severe, fatal disease characterized by the dissemination of microsporidia into the hos ... | 1993 | 8013928 |
| prophylactic and therapeutic immune reconstitution of scid mice infected with encephalitozoon cuniculi. | severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice develop lethal infections, resembling opportunistic microsporidiosis of immunocompromised patients, after intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculations of spores of encephalitozoon cuniculi. in the present study, scid mice reconstituted i.p. with 5 x 10(7) spleen cells from naive adult balb/c mice 14 days prior to the i.p. injection of 10(7) spores were completely resistant to the infection, whereas control infected scid mice developed clinical disease and died ... | 1993 | 8013929 |
| ribosomal rna sequences of enterocytozoon bieneusi, septata intestinalis and ameson michaelis: phylogenetic construction and structural correspondence. | the microsporidian species enterocytozoon bieneusi, septata intestinalis and ameson michaelis were compared by using sequence data of their rrna gene segments, which were amplified by polymerized chain reaction and directly sequenced. the forward primer 530f (5'-gtgccatccagccgcgg-3') was in the small subunit rrna (ssu-rrna) and the reverse primer 580r (5'-ggtccgtgtttcaagacgg-3') was in the large subunit rrna (lsu-rrna). we have utilized these sequence data, the published data on encephalitozoon ... | 1994 | 8049683 |
| experimental microsporidiosis in immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice and monkeys. | microsporidia cause opportunistic infections in aids patients and commonly infect laboratory animals, as well. euthymic c57b1/6 mice experimentally infected with intraperitoneal injections of 1 x 10(6) encephalitozoon cuniculi levaditi, nicolau et schoen, 1923, encephalitozoon hellem didier et al., 1991, or nosema corneum shadduck et al., 1990 displayed no clinical signs of disease. athymic mice, however, developed ascites and died 8-16 days after inoculation with n. corneum, 21-25 days after in ... | 1994 | 8050748 |
| detection of microsporidia by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. | during a screening for monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the microsporidian encephalitozoon hellem, three murine hybridoma cell lines producing strong enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) reactivities were cloned twice, were designated c12, e9, and e11, and were found to secrete mabs to the immunoglobulin m isotype. on subsequent elisas, the three mabs reacted most strongly to e. hellem, and they reacted somewhat less to encephalitozoon cuniculi and least to nosema corneum, two other microspo ... | 1994 | 8195366 |
| [microsporidioses]. | microsporidia are worldwide ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasites infecting most major groups of the animal kingdom. in humans, microsporidiosis has recently emerged as a significant cause of morbidity in immunocompromised patients, and particularly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). parasites of the genus encephalitozoon cause keratoconjunctivitis and disseminated infections. in 15 to 30% of patients with advanced stage aids, enterocytozoon bieneusi is the causat ... | 1994 | 8208694 |
| [natural transmission of microsporidia (encephalitozoon cuniculi) by way of the chicken egg]. | 100 chicken embryos were examined for naturally occurring infections with encephalitozoon cuniculi (e.c.). two embryos were found to be dead, the others were killed at an age of 18 days. samples from the oesophagus, intestine, liver, kidneys, heart and brain were collected and examined by immunohistochemical methods. e.c. was found in about 40% of the embryos. this microsporidian was observed in all organs, particularly, however, in the oesophagus, intestine, brain and heart. the number of e.c. ... | 1994 | 8209364 |
| [naturally-acquired microsporidia (encephalitozoon cuniculi) infections in hens]. | during a short period of time, four approximately ten months old chickens from an egg production (group a) unit developed symptoms of apathy, lameness, mild diarrhoea and loss of weight. the layers were killed and submitted for necropsy. for the first time, microsporidia infection, probably encephalitozoon cuniculi (e.c.) was diagnosed in chickens. the diagnosis was mainly based on immunohistochemical methods. e.c. was found particularly in the cells of the cutaneous mucous membrane of the crop ... | 1993 | 8248903 |
| retrospective study of diseases in a captive lemming colony. | fifty-four ill or nonproductive lemmings (dicrostonyx spp.) were evaluated for signs, lesions and causes of disease for 5 yr in a domestic colony. parasitic granulomas caused by encephalitozoon cuniculi were the most common finding and were seen in 22 lemmings. the disease was characterized by circling and torticollis with granulomas in many tissues, especially the central nervous system. suppurative otitis occurred in 12 lemmings and was associated with klebsiella pneumonia infection; circling ... | 1993 | 8258869 |
| detection of microsporidian spores in clinical samples by indirect fluorescent-antibody assay using whole-cell antisera to encephalitozoon cuniculi and encephalitozoon hellem. | three polyclonal mouse antisera, to encephalitozoon cuniculi, nosema algerae, and nosema corneum, and two polyclonal rabbit antisera, to e. cuniculi and encephalitozoon hellem, were used in an indirect fluorescent-antibody assay (ifa) with enterocytozoon bieneusi, e. cuniculi, and encephalitgozoon. hellem spores (spores of the last two were taken from culture). enterocytozoon bieneusi cannot be cultured. by ifa, antisera to e. cuniculi and e. hellem reacted strongly and equally with each other's ... | 1993 | 8263205 |
| characterization of encephalitozoon hellem (microspora) isolated from the nasal mucosa of a patient with aids. | a microsporidium of the genus encephalitozoon was isolated into culture from the nasal epithelium of a patient with aids. it was compared with in vitro isolates of encephalitozoon cuniculi and the type isolate of encephalitozoon hellem by sds-page and by western blotting with murine antisera raised to e. cuniculi, e. hellem and the nasal isolate, monoclonal antibodies raised to e. cuniculi and sequential sera from the patient. all tests showed similarities between e. hellem and the nasal isolate ... | 1993 | 8278216 |
| spontaneous encephalitozoonosis in an experimental group of guinea pigs. | 1993 | 8286477 | |
| experimental infection of athymic mice with the human microsporidian nosema corneum. | athymic mice (balb/c nu/nu/ola/hsd) were experimentally infected intraperitoneally with nosema corneum spores. infection was monitored in the first and second weeks post-infection. the liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, lung, heart, brain and eye were collected. quantification of infection in each organ using three different techniques gave approximately the same pattern of infection. infection increased with time. histological observations were made on the sites of infection in each organ. all o ... | 1993 | 8295788 |
| ribosomal dna sequences of encephalitozoon hellem and encephalitozoon cuniculi: species identification and phylogenetic construction. | a segment of ribosomal dna, about 1,350 base pairs long, was amplified from the microsporidian species encephalitozoon hellem, isolated from aids patients, and encephalitozoon cuniculi. the amplified dna segment extends from position 530 in the small ribosomal rna subunit to position 580 in the large ribosomal rna subunit. a comparison of sequence data from this region for encephalitozoon hellem and encephalitozoon cuniculi shows relatively high sequence similarity, supporting the placement of t ... | 1993 | 8389641 |
| nucleotide sequence of the small ribosomal rna of encephalitozoon cuniculi. | 1993 | 8464714 | |
| secondary structure of the small subunit ribosomal rna sequence of the microsporidium encephalitozoon cuniculi. | 1993 | 8464742 | |
| prevalence of encephalitozoon cuniculi antibodies in terrestrial mammals in iceland, 1986 to 1989. | antibodies to encephalitozoon cuniculi were found in wild arctic foxes (alopex lagopus), feral mink (mustela vison), wood mice (apodemus sylvaticus) and house mice (mus musculus) in iceland. animals with antibodies were found throughout the country. no lesions attributable to encephalitozoonosis were found in adult animals necropsied. however, one arctic fox cub with a neurological disorder had pathological and serological evidence of encephalitozoonosis. | 1993 | 8487387 |
| direct abc immunohistochemistry to encephalitozoon cuniculi. | among the sera from 9 rabbits spontaneously infected with encephalitozoon cuniculi, a serum which revealed a high titer for e. cuniculi by indirect protein a-gold (ipag) immunohistochemistry and reacted with the outer layer of the shell of e. cuniculi spores on immunoelectron microscopical examination, was biotinylated. the biotinylated rabbit anti-e. cuniculi igg reacted immunohistochemically with e. cuniculi, but not with other protozoa tested, namely neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii and sa ... | 1993 | 8513018 |
| opportunistic and non-opportunistic parasites in hiv-positive and negative patients with diarrhoea in tanzania. | a survey on intestinal parasites in a rural area of tanzania revealed the presence of eight protozoa and seven helminths in 287 subjects (81.8%). the prevalence of entamoeba histolytica and ascaris lumbricoides was higher in hiv-negative than in hiv-positive patients (p < 0.01; p < 0.04) (25.1% and 12.5% for e. histolytica; 10.5% and 3.7% for a. lumbricoides). on the other hand, cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli and strongyloides stercoralis prevalence was higher in hiv-positive than in hiv ... | 1995 | 8525281 |
| tissue diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis using a fluorescent stain with uvitex 2b. | to detect intestinal microsporidiosis in paraffin wax embedded biopsy specimens using a fluorescence technique incorporating optical brighteners. | 1995 | 8543621 |
| microsporidiosis as an aids-related opportunistic infection. | the clinical manifestations of aids-related microsporidiosis range from mild or asymptomatic infections to debilitating illness involving the gastrointestinal, respiratory, or urogenital tracts or the eyes. intestinobiliary infections with enterocytozoon bieneusi are the most common microsporidial diseases, but disseminated infections with encephalitozoon hellem, encephalitozoon cuniculi, and septata intestinalis are being increasingly recognized. the isolation of infective microsporidial spores ... | 1995 | 8547514 |
| characterization of encephalitozoon (septata) intestinalis isolates cultured from nasal mucosa and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of two aids patients. | microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that can cause opportunistic infections in aids patients. species from five genera of microsporidia are presently known to infect man. one species, septata intestinalis originally was detected in stool specimens of individuals with chronic diarrhea and subsequently was found to disseminate to the kidneys, lungs, and nasal sinuses. this organism has since been reclassified as encephalitozoon and in this study, we report the culture of e ... | 1996 | 8563708 |
| genetic evidence for latent septata intestinalis infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with intestinal microsporidiosis. | sequence data of the small subunit rrna (ssu-rrna) gene were used to identify septata intestinalis in biopsies of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), southern blot hybridization, cloning, and comparative genetic sequencing. dna products of correct size could be amplified from all examined tissues with s. intestinalis infection but also from 2 biopsies with enterocytozoon bieneusi and from 1 biopsy with encephalitozoon cuniculi infection. southern bl ... | 1996 | 8603948 |
| nucleotide sequences of dna fragments of encephalitozoon cuniculi amplified by polymerase chain reaction with primers regarded as specific for echinococcus. | encephalitozoon-like spores were separated from a human echinococcal liver lesion, which was caused by echinococcus multilocularis. they were found to fall into the species encephalitozoon cuniculi, which was shown to have en. cuniculi-specific dna by way of polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we also used pcr to genetically discriminate between the en. cuniculi spores and the ec. multilocularis larvae. two primer sets, known to be specific for echinococcus, were examined. these primers were expect ... | 1996 | 8640191 |
| direct amplification and species determination of microsporidian dna from stool specimens. | microsporidia are recognized as a major aetiological agent in chronic diarrhoea of immunocompromised patients. their detection by light microscopy is hampered by the small size of the spores. a simple and rapid dna extraction method has been developed for the detection of microsporidian dna by pcr directly from stool specimens. it can be performed at room temperature in a 1.5-ml microcentrifuge tube format in less than 1 hour. the subsequent nested polymerase chain reaction permits the detection ... | 1996 | 8673842 |
| generalized encephalitozoonosis in a jersey wooly rabbit. | 1996 | 8705976 | |
| evidence for the smallest nuclear genome (2.9 mb) in the microsporidium encephalitozoon cuniculi. | 1995 | 8719165 | |
| diagnostic exercise: granulomatous encephalitis in guinea pigs. | 1996 | 8723244 | |
| immunologically confirmed disseminated, asymptomatic encephalitozoon cuniculi infection of the gastrointestinal tract in a patient with aids. | microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites that infect a broad range of vertebrates and invertebrates. they are increasingly recognized as human pathogens, especially in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). organisms of the genus encephalitozoon have been implicated as a major cause of disseminated microsporidian infections in persons with aids. until recently, e. hellem was the only encephalitozoon species confirmed by antigenic or nucleic acid methods to ... | 1995 | 8749639 |
| septata intestinalis and encephalitozoon cuniculi: cross-reactivity between two microsporidian species. | an infection with septata intestinalis was diagnosed in a 35-year-old aids patient without diarrhoea. the diagnosis was based on morphological examinations of a duodenal biopsy specimen. serum antibodies were detected reacting with spores of encephalitozoon cuniculi. spores of s. intestinalis and e. cuniculi stained with brown hopps gram stain showed a red colour (gram negative) and not a blue/black colour which was described for microsporidian spores in tissue. | 1995 | 8774772 |
| diagnosis of disseminated microsporidian encephalitozoon hellem infection by pcr-southern analysis and successful treatment with albendazole and fumagillin. | a 37-year old aids patient presented with foreign body sensation. microsporidia were detected in smears from a conjunctival swab and urine sediment stained with calcofluor and a modified trichrome blue stain and by indirect fluorescent-antibody staining with murine polyclonal antiserum raised against encephalitozoon hellem. this antiserum cross-reacted with other encephalitozoon species, so pcr was performed to amplify the microsporidian ribosomal dna (rdna) with pan-encephalitozoon primers. the ... | 1996 | 8815114 |
| molecular epidemiology of encephalitozoon cuniculi and first detection of enterocytozoon bieneusi in faecal samples of pigs. | 1996 | 8822883 | |
| polyamine metabolism as a therapeutic target for microsporidia. | 1996 | 8822885 | |
| chromosomal localization of five genes in encephalitozoon cuniculi (microsporidia). | 1996 | 8822886 | |
| purification and characterization of human microsporidian polar tube proteins. | 1996 | 8822888 | |
| identification of sporal proteins in two microsporidian species: an immunoblotting and immunocytochemical study. | 1996 | 8822889 | |
| identification of microsporidia causing human disease. | 1996 | 8822891 | |
| immunologic and molecular characteristics of encephalitozoon-like microsporidia isolated from humans and rabbits indicate that encephalitozoon cuniculi is a zoonotic parasite. | to assess the zoonotic potential of encephalitozoon-like microsporidia, we isolated and cultivated spores from specimens of urine, respiratory secretions, and stool from six patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus and from nine rabbits. because spores of encephalitozoon-like species are indistinguishable by microscopy, we characterized the isolates by western blot analysis and by restriction enzyme analysis of the small subunit (ssu) rdna after amplification by the polymerase chain r ... | 1996 | 8852978 |
| a microsporidian isolated from an aids patient corresponds to encephalitozoon cuniculi iii, originally isolated from domestic dogs. | the ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer (its) region of a recently cultured human encephalitozoon cuniculi isolate was analyzed by gene amplification and dna sequencing. restriction endonuclease digestion (foki) and double-stranded dna heteroduplex mobility shift analysis were performed to determine their utility for strain differentiation. the human e. cuniculi isolate was identical to e. cuniculi iii, which had been isolated only from domestic dogs until now. the patient providing the is ... | 1996 | 8897194 |
| isolates of encephalitozoon cuniculi from farmed blue foxes (alopex lagopus) from norway differ from isolates from swiss domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). | encephalitozoon cuniculi has a wide host range among mammals, but whether it represents a homogeneous species is a subject of controversy. we have isolated, cultivated (in human mrc-5 cells) and, for the first time, characterized by immunological and molecular biological methods four isolates of e. cuniculi from norwegian blue foxes with a history of encephalitozoonosis. the isolates were compared with nine isolates from domestic rabbits from switzerland. two e. cuniculi subtypes were identified ... | 1996 | 8897508 |
| two encephalitozoon cuniculi strains of human origin are infectious to rabbits. | the microsporidian encephalitozoon cuniculi can infect a wide variety of mammals including man. in this study, e. cuniculi isolates of animal origin were compared with 6 isolates obtained from hiv-infected patients. based on results of western blot analysis, random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and the sequence of the rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) the isolates were classified into 3 groups with the repeated element 5'gttt-3' in the its being a reliable genetic marker. five isolates f ... | 1997 | 9011071 |
| cerebral microsporidiosis due to encephalitozoon cuniculi in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1997 | 9017940 | |
| use of a fluorescent probe to assess the activities of candidate agents against intracellular forms of encephalitozoon microsporidia. | microsporidia are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites. three species of the genus encephalitozoon are among the microsporidia that infect immunodeficient humans. these species, encephalitozoon cuniculi, encephalitozoon hellem, and encephalitozoon intestinalis, all develop in a parasitophorous vacuole within a host cell. the present study describes a method that uses the fluorescent probe calcein and confocal microscopy to detect drug-induced effects in encephalitozoon-infected green monke ... | 1997 | 9021189 |
| encephalitozoon cuniculi microsporidiosis: infection of the brain, heart, kidneys, trachea, adrenal glands, and urinary bladder in a patient with aids. | a female aids patient, dying with widely disseminated encephalitozoon cuniculi microsporidiosis, cytomegalovirus (cmv) disease, and pneumocystis carinii infection, is described. indirect immunofluorescent antibody staining studies and molecular analyses identified the microsporidian as the dog strain of e. cuniculi. autopsy revealed necrotizing microsporidiosis of the adrenal glands and kidneys, with lesser involvement of the brain, heart, trachea, urinary bladder, spleen, and lymph nodes. cellu ... | 1997 | 9021729 |
| [diagnosis of 4 cases of intestinal microsporidiosis in aids patients]. | most of the latest clinical and epidemiologic studies indicate that microsporidiosis and above all enterocytozoon bieneusi cause approximately 7-50% of otherwise unexplained diarrhea in hiv-infected patients. four cases of intestinal microsporidiosis in aids-patients are reported. | 1996 | 9035709 |