Publications

[the importation of malaria into rostov-on-don (1981-1989)].	the distribution of the imported [correction of exported] cases of malaria has been studied in rostov-on-don for all species of parasites and categories of patients to assess them as effective sources of infection or in other words to determine the degree of jeopardy of the epidemic process recurrence. local cases of malaria and measures directed at their elimination are described.	1991	1829785
a retrospective study on malaria cases admitted to the university hospital, kuala lumpur, 1984-1988.	a review of malaria cases over a five year period from 1984-1988 at the university hospital, kuala lumpur, malaysia is presented. a total of 64 cases were recorded; 50% of which were due to plasmodium falciparum, 40.6% were due to plasmodium vivax, 6.2% due to plasmodium malariae and 3.1% due to a mixed infection of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax. the breakdown of species type compared similarly with other studies conducted in the region. of this total, sixteen cases were imported fr ...	1991	1839423
waiting for the vaccine: sporozoite vaccine research entails important progress in malaria epidemiology.	the research efforts aimed at developing a vaccine against malaria, although failing thus far in their main objective, have produced molecular tools of great utility for epidemiological studies. for example, monoclonal antibodies directed against the repeats of plasmodium circumsporozoite (cs) protein allowed the 2-site assay for detecting sporozoites in mosquitoes to be established. this immunoassay is advantageous compared with the conventional method of salivary gland dissection and microscop ...	1991	1841198
human malaria infectiousness measured by age-specific sporozoite rates in anopheles gambiae in tanzania.	in an area of holoendemic malaria in northern tanzania, anopheles gambiae s.l. females were age-graded by polovodova's method and dissected for sporozoites. age-specific sporozoite rates implied that mosquitoes acquired new infections at all ages. the extrinsic period lasted just over 3 gonotrophic cycles (9-11 days). very high sporozoite rates in the oldest females implied the absence or rarity of genetic refractoriness to infection. a method is described for estimating the proportion of bloodm ...	1991	1852484
significance of circumsporozoite-specific antibody in the natural transmission of plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax, and plasmodium malariae in an aboriginal (orang asli) population of central peninsula malaysia.	two hundred and seventy-five orang asli volunteers living in nine villages in the pos legap valley of perak state, peninsular malaysia, participated in a prospective study designed to characterize the epidemiological, parasitological, and entomological characteristics of plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax, and p. malariae malaria transmission. prevalence rates for the three plasmodial species at initiation of the study ranged from 56% in the 0-4-year-old age group to 0% in individuals over the age ...	1991	1867348
lack of h-2 restriction of the plasmodium falciparum (nanp) sequence as multiple antigen peptide.	the major surface antigen of malaria sporozoites, the circumsporozoite protein, contains a region of tandem amino acid repeats, which in the case of the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum, consist of four amino acids asn-ala-asn-pro (nanp) repeated up to about 40 times. this repetitive sequence has been considered as the basis for the development of subunit vaccines against p. falciparum malaria. we and others had previously shown that synthetic and recombinant nanp peptides were immun ...	1991	1889465
preparation of clinical grade proteins produced by recombinant dna technologies.	methods were developed for the production of clinical grade malaria vaccine candidates expressed in e. coli by recombinant dna technologies. the essential features of the purification protocol consist of (1) mechanical breakage of host cells and solubilization of the recombinant proteins in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride; (2) ammonium sulfate fractionation; (3) affinity chromatography on a ni(2+)-chelate gel in the presence of 6 m guanidine hydrochloride; and (4) ion exchange chromatograph on a pho ...	1991	1940392
malaria and its treatment in rural villages of aboh mbaise, imo state, nigeria.	we examined the malaria situation among 489 children under 5 years of age in the rural villages of aboh mbaise, nigeria, using a combination of a standard questionnaire technique and laboratory diagnosis to confirm clinical observations. the results show a high prevalence rate of 52.8% for plasmodium falciparum in this area. the geometric mean parasite density (gmpd) was 19,361.4/mm3. the proportion of children with fever and/or parasitaemia was not related to age, although the numbers in the fe ...	1990	1980800
the complete sequence of a plasmodium malariae ssurrna gene and its comparison to other plasmodial ssurrna genes.	a gene encoding the small subunit rrna (ssurrna) has been isolated from the human parasite, plasmodium malariae. the gene has been sequenced. it contains conserved and variable regions which conform to patterns established for other eukaryotic ssurrna genes. comparisons with other ssurrna genes from plasmodium species reveal regions unique to p. malariae which could be used in specific diagnostic probes for this organism, and provide evidence that the gene is of the type expressed during asexual ...	1991	2038360
periodic and chaotic host-parasite interactions in human malaria.	it has been recognized since ancient times that malaria fever is highly periodic but the mechanism has been poorly understood. malaria fever is related to the parasite growth cycle in erythrocytes. after a fixed period of replication, a mature parasite (schizont) causes the infected erythrocyte to rupture, releasing progeny that quickly invade other erythrocytes. simultaneous rupture of a large number of schizonts stimulates a host fever response. febrile temperatures are damaging to plasmodium ...	1991	2052590
[an update on the therapy of malaria].	the authors analyze the recent treatment regimens of malaria, related to plasmodium strains and clinical manifestation. chloroquine is the first choice drug for uncomplicated chloroquine-sensitive p. falciparum, whereas for p. malariae, p. vivax and p. ovale infections treatment with chloroquine plus primaquine is also recommended. for uncomplicated chloroquine-resistant p. falciparum infections many treatment regimens are available. management of complications is also analyzed.	1990	2075276
[malaria in the island of sainte marie in 1989. epidemiologic, parasitologic, serologic and clinical data].		1990	2078089
experience with the becton dickinson qbc ii centrifugal haematology analyser for haemoparasites.		1990	2096505
present status of plasmodium malariae infection in bastar district (m.p.).	plasmodium malariae infection was detected in bastar district (m.p.) during malaria survey in 1981-83. the data collected during the survey was compared with the earlier records of p. malariae infection in the area. from the data it can be seen that the infection in this area has declined due to the ecological/developmental activities undertaken by government. all the cases were found to be indigenous and approximately 62 per cent infection was found in age group of 10-14 years irrespective of s ...	1990	2098423
malaria, microscopy and marmosets: the saga of tropical nephrotic syndrome.		1990	2120737
infection of chimpanzees with the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae.	nine splenectomized chimpanzees were infected with the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae. two had no history of previous malarial infection, whereas 6 had been infected with p. vivax and 1 with p. vivax and p. ovale. the animals with no previous infection had maximum parasitemias of 8,740 and 10,800/mm3. the other animals had maximum parasite counts of 930-75,700/mm3. anopheles freeborni, an. stephensi, an. dirus, an. maculatus, an. quadrimaculatus, an. culicifacies, an. arabiensis, and ...	1990	2180332
malaria sporozoite detection by dissection and elisa to assess infectivity of afrotropical anopheles (diptera: culicidae).	malaria infection rates determined by dissection and plasmodium falciparum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were compared for 26,935 anopheles gambiae giles sensu lato and 17,739 anopheles funestus giles collected during 20 mo in western kenya. elisa infection rates were about 43% higher than dissection sporozoite rates. in dissection-negative anopheles, circumsporozoite (cs) protein was detected by elisa in 5.2% of 10,017 salivary gland samples and in 12.2% of 237 thorax samples. the a ...	1990	2185363
[the differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention of malaria].		1990	2199227
a multiple antigen peptide from the repetitive sequence of the plasmodium malariae circumsporozoite protein induces a specific antibody response in mice of various h-2 haplotypes.	the major repetitive epitopes of the surface circumsporozoite (cs) protein of malaria sporozoites represent candidates for the development of subunit vaccines against malaria. however, previous experimental work has shown that repetitive peptides from the cs proteins of plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax, p. yoelii and p. berghei are immunogenic only in mice with the h-2b or h-2k haplotype. this led to the conclusion that strong t helper epitopes from the non-repetitive cs sequences were required i ...	1990	2201549
a comparison of two dna probes, one specific for plasmodium falciparum and one with wider reactivity, in the diagnosis of malaria.	the sensitivity and specificity of 2 probes for the detection of malarial infection was studied. 399 blood samples from gambian children were tested in a deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) hybridization assay, and the results compared with the microscopical findings from thick blood films. 8 additional pure plasmodium malariae and 14 pure p. vivax samples were also assayed. one probe, containing a 21 base pair tandem repeat and highly specific for p. falciparum, detected this species in all except 2 of ...	1990	2202099
malaria transmission and vector biology in manarintsoa, high plateaux of madagascar.	to evaluate the factors which determine the transmission level of falciparum malaria, entomological and parasitological surveys were conducted from october 1988 to february 1990 in manarintsoa in the central highland plateaux of madagascar. mosquitoes were collected for 928 man-nights in pit shelters and indoor resting sites. malaria vectors were anopheles arabiensis and an. funestus, with no evidence of the presence of an. gambiae sensu stricto. vectors were mainly exophilic and zoophilic. the ...	1990	2202220
[clinical evaluation of antimalarial drugs].	we have analyzed the clinical data of 189 patients with malaria to establish antimalarial regimens in japan. the causative parasite species were plasmodium falciparum in 56 cases (30%), p. vivax in 132 (70%) and p. malariae in 1 (1%). the outcomes f malaria cases are as follows: cure rats in falciparum and vivax malaria are 86% and 91%, respectively. two patients died of falciparum malaria and recurrence occurred in 6 cases (11%) of falciparum malaria. relapse was seen in 12 (9%) of vivax malari ...	1990	2205671
[preliminary study on the surface antigen gene of plasmodium malariae].	the genomic hind iii lambda gt1149 library from plasmodium malariae was screened with two types of oligonucleotides, both of which were from the p190 gene of p. falciparum. one, mad20 type, was made from spanning nucleotides 4488-4562 in the p190 gene of mad20 strain and another, k1 type, was made from spanning nucleotides 3652-3692 in the p190 of k1 strain. both were end-labelled with 32p-atp as probes before hybridization. two clones were selected. one clone, designated lambda msa-1, was speci ...	1990	2208630
quartan malaria--an investigation on the incidence of plasmodium malariae in bisra phc, district sundargarh, orissa.	a longitudinal study on the incidence of p. malariae was taken up from september 1988 to december 1989 in bisra block, district sundargarh, orissa covering 38,615 population, which is mainly tribal. the area is a known hard-core malarious region in the garhjat hill range in eastern india. in this study, out of 22,217 blood smears examined through weekly active surveillance, 7362 (33.1%) were found malaria parasite positive. out of the total positive cases, 82 (1.1%) were p. malariae. these occur ...	1990	2209932
clinicopathological features of childhood nephrotic syndrome in northern nigeria.	the clinicopathological features of childhood nephrotic syndrome in northern nigeria were studied in 100 consecutive patients. the patients presented with gross anasarca and very low serum albumin, which was less than 15 g/l in 30 patients. the three most frequent histological diagnoses in 98 renal biopsies were membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (25), quartan malarial nephropathy (20), and proliferative glomerulonephritis (19): together they accounted for 65 per cent of all biopsies. only ...	1990	2217664
imported malaria.		1990	2235871
[pulmonary manifestations of malaria].	pulmonary edema is a classic and severe manifestation of falciparum malaria. to evaluate the predictive factors of this severe complication, we studied epidemiological, clinical and biological data of 136 patients with acute malaria. two groups were individualized according to the presence (group i = 53 patients) or the absence (group ii = 83 patients) of pulmonary manifestations. pulmonary signs incidence was not correlated with impairement consciousness, creatinemia, hypoglycemia, and coagulat ...	1990	2286002
malaria: triple whammy for a traveler.		1990	2407874
laboratory diagnosis of malaria.		1985	2417946
immunological relationship of plasmodium inui with two other quartan malaria parasites, p. malariae and p. brasilianum.	a series of monoclonal antibodies was produced against sporozoites of the os strain of plasmodium inui, a simian quartan malaria parasite, and used to characterize the circumsporozoite protein of this parasite. the results confirm that the immunodominant epitope of the circumsporozoite protein of p. inui is immunologically distinct from those of 2 other quartan parasites, the human p. malariae and simian p. brasilianum, which are identical.	1988	2456382
sero-epidemiological studies of malaria in indian tribes and monkeys of the amazon basin of brazil.	a sero-epidemiological study of malaria, with special emphasis on plasmodium brasilianum/p. malariae, was conducted on 4 indian tribes living in the amazon basin of northern brazil: the arara, the parakana, the asurini, and the metuktire. the incidence of malaria, as determined by blood films, was very low in all tribes. parasitemia levels in most individuals were less than 0.02%; determination of the plasmodial species was not feasible. high levels of antibodies to both blood stages and sporozo ...	1989	2508499
rapid, sensitive diagnosis of malaria based on ribosomal rna.	a system for the sensitive and accurate diagnosis of all four species of malaria parasite that are pathogenic in man has been developed. it involves hybridisation of oligonucleotides complementary to species-specific regions of the rna of the parasite small ribosomal subunit followed by autoradiography. the method retains its specificity even under conditions of very low stringency similar to those that will occur in field diagnosis. direct application of treated blood to nylon is possible and c ...	1989	2567370
the effect of iron therapy on malarial infection in papua new guinean schoolchildren.	the effect of iron therapy on malarial infection was investigated in papua new guinea, where malaria is endemic. prepubescent schoolchildren with hemoglobin levels of 8-12 g/dl were randomly assigned to receive either 200 mg ferrous sulfate or a placebo twice daily for 16 weeks. iron status and malarial infection were assessed at baseline, after 6 and 16 weeks of therapy, and 8 weeks after therapy was discontinued. iron status was significantly improved by the treatment. the treatment did not si ...	1989	2644855
the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae in aotus lemurinus griseimembra monkeys.	two lines of the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae were studied in splenectomized aotus lemurinus griseimembra monkeys. a line initially adapted to these monkeys from an infected chimpanzee failed to produce high-level parasite counts or mosquito infection in 13 of this type of monkey during 16 linear passages. another line, originally adapted from the chimpanzee to aotus azarae boliviensis, after 7 linear passages in 3 different types of aotus was then passaged to 14 splenectomized a. ...	1989	2645394
the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae in saimiri sciureus boliviensis.	the uganda i/cdc strain of plasmodium malariae, initially adapted to monkeys of the genus aotus, was studied in splenectomized saimiri sciureus boliviensis. mean maximum parasitemia ranged from 248 to 22,134/mm3. only 1 mosquito was infected of 2,238 examined. after the parasite was adapted to this host, infections were characterized by periods of detectable parasitemia extending up to 269 days and by sustained periods when parasite counts were greater than 1,000/mm3. after 4 linear passages, th ...	1989	2647957
[therapy and prevention of malaria].	malaria is still, in spite of intensive efforts to reduce its transmission, the most serious and widespread protozoal infection in man. more than 100 million people suffer of malaria each year and one million, mostly children, die for it. widespread resistance of p. falciparum to drugs, especially 4-aminoquinoline, has been progressing to such a speed in many endemic malarious areas that therapy and prophylaxis procedures have been changing and new drugs or associations of them have been introdu ...	1989	2661957
[post-transfusion malaria. apropos of a case in a child].		1989	2669292
riboflavin status and resistance to plasmodium.		1989	2671819
comparative morphology of human and animal malaria parasites. i. host-parasite interface.	human and animal malaria parasites (plasmodium falciparum, p. malariae, p. vivax, p. berghei, p. gallinaceum) were studied using special fixation and standardized methods, with special attention to their effects on host cells. morphological alterations induced by the parasites in infected erythrocytes included knobs, invaginations, and caveola-vesicle complexes on the surface of the host cell and clefts, microvesicles, and small vesicles in the cytoplasm of the infected erythrocytes. for p. mala ...	1989	2671984
[the malariologic situation in the yemen arab republic].	the yemen arab republic is situated in the southwest of the arabian peninsula. from the malariological point of view it belongs to the ethiopian area. malaria is one of the most common diseases in the yar. malaria cases in the country are registered all over the year. the main disease vectors are an. arabiensis, an. sergenti, an. culicifacies. falciparum malaria cases are much more frequent than those of 3- and 4-days malaria. the number of registered malaria cases increases annually. in spite o ...	1989	2674641
antibodies to plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and p. falciparum and p. malariae circumsporozoite proteins: seasonal prevalence in kenyan villages.	two cross-sectional surveys of 954 persons in asembo bay and got nyabondo, western kenya, were performed in august-september 1986, after long rains, and in february-march 1987, after a comparatively dry season. serologic testing was performed using an elisa with synthetic peptides representing repeat amino acid sequences of the plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa), (eenv)5, (eenvehda)4, and (ddehveeptva)2 and repeat sequences (pnan)5 and (naag)5 of the p. falcip ...	1989	2679168
malaria in adult outpatients at goroka hospital during 1986.	of 206 adult outpatients attending goroka hospital with suspected malaria during 1986, 40.3% had blood slides positive for malaria (28.2% plasmodium falciparum, 13.6% p. vivax and 1.9% p. malariae). parasite densities and proportions of cases with gametocytes were higher than observed in endemic regions. acquisition of infection during recent coastal travel was implicated in the majority of cases (86%). 6 out of 13 gametocyte carriers tested were infectious to anopheles farauti mosquitos. anti-m ...	1989	2683479
immunological effects of hiv-1 infection on the humoral response to malaria in an african population.	we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the serological response to malaria in an hiv-1 infected population and in a control population in a region of high malaria transmission. the study group consisted of 66 hospitalized patients with clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and 70 trauma patients without clinical aids (controls). mean optical densities of antibody produced against resa-4, resa-8, resa-11, (pnan)5 and (naag)5 synthetic peptides of plasmodium falciparum were ...	1989	2683820
imported malaria in trinidad and tobago, w.i. (1968-1986).	malaria surveillance was conducted by the insect vector control division, ministry of health, to determine the number of imported cases of malaria which entered trinidad and tobago from 1968 to 1986. a total of 84 cases of imported malaria was detected; in 44 the agent was plasmodium falciparum, in 25 p. vivax, in 11 p. malariae, in one p. ovale, and three were mixed. the monthly incidence of malaria showed that july and august accounted for 41% of all imported malaria cases. most malaria cases ...	1989	2690758
plasmodium-specific immunoglobulin e in sera from an area of holoendemic malaria.	serum samples obtained from adults living in an area of holoendemic malaria in papua new guinea and from control residents of hawaii were tested for plasmodium-specific immunoglobulin (ig) e antibody by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. fifteen (33.3%) of the new guinea sera had absorbance values indicative of seropositivity. only half of the ige-positive sera were concomitantly positive for antimalarial igg antibody. all of the control sera were negative for antibody of both immunoglobulin ...	1989	2694483
electrophoretic variants of enzymes in isolates of plasmodium falciparum, p. malariae and p. vivax from thailand.	a new electrophoretic variant of glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi), which we now denote gpi-3, has been found in isolates of plasmodium falciparum from 6 patients, all of whom acquired the infection in the same region (in or near prachinburi province) of thailand. in other regions, from which 453 isolates have been tested, only gpi-1 and/or gpi-2 have been found. two isolates of p. malariae from patients at kanchanaburi showed a band of gpi activity on cellulose acetate gels at a cathodal positi ...	1989	2694498
[malaria situation in china, 1988. advisory committee on parasitic diseases].	in 1988, the number of malaria cases reported was 134.2 thousand (taiwan province not included). comparing with 210.6 thousand cases reported in 1987, a decrease of 36.3% was noted. based on data reported by each county in the country, about 950.7 million people in 2,541 counties/cities were living in areas where malaria incidence was less than 0.1 per 1,000 (including originally malaria-free areas as well as areas free from the disease); 96.6 million people in 207 counties/cities with an incide ...	1989	2699279
haemoparasites of blood donors in calabar.	the study of haemoparasites in our blood donors revealed the following parasite prevalences: microfilaria (mf) of loa loa (1.3%); dipetalonema perstans (15.6%); loa loa and d. perstans (0.2%), plasmodium falciparum (3.3%), plasmodium malariae (1.0%) and a mixture of p. falciparum and p. malariae (0.2%). no trypanosomes were observed in the 480 blood samples screened. there were more cases of d. perstans infection in the 24-30 year age group, indicating their increased exposure frequencies. match ...	1989	2763348
membrane structure and function of malaria parasites and the infected erythrocyte.		1985	2867515
rapid spontaneous postpartum clearance of plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in african women.		1988	2901606
[post-transfusion malaria: an ever-present disease].		1987	2962145
review article: immune nephritides due to malaria.		1988	2972535
interactions between malaria parasites infecting the same vertebrate host.	several species of malarial protozoans commonly parasitize the same host population and often the same individual host. this paper reviews the evidence for interactions among such host-sharing parasites. field studies measuring the cross-sectional prevalence of malarial species often record fewer mixed infections than expected by chance, suggesting that one parasite has excluded another or suppressed its parasitaemia to undetectable levels. prevalences may vary reciprocally between seasons, with ...	1988	3043327
antibody responses to malarial antigens in the wopkaimin population of the star mountains, papua new guinea.	antibody responses to malarial antigens were determined in 614 serum samples collected from the wopkaimin population of the star mountains of papua new guinea. in point prevalence surveys made in 1982-1983, 33.7% of the persons examined were infected with plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax, or p. malariae. of these, 72.9% were infected with p. falciparum. in a standard fluorescent antibody test, highest level responses were to p. falciparum, followed by p. malariae, p. vivax, and p. ovale. a strong ...	1988	3052119
structure of the circumsporozoite gene of plasmodium malariae.	the sequence of the gene encoding the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium malariae was determined. the central immunodominant region of the protein consists of 45 copies of the sequence asn-ala-ala-gly and 6 copies of the sequence asn-asp-ala-gly. the csp of the monkey parasite plasmodium brasilianum contains the same repetitive sequences. further comparison of the two genes in regions outside the immunodominant domains reveals only three nucleotide differences and each results in an amino ac ...	1988	3054537
identification of malaria species by elisa in sporozoite and oocyst infected anopheles from western kenya.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the circumsporozoite (cs) antigens of plasmodium falciparum, p. malariae, and p. ovale were used to identify species of sporozoite and oocyst infections detected by dissection in anopheles gambiae s.1. and an. funestus collected in western kenya. elisas identified 92.5% of 1,113 salivary gland infections; plasmodium species infections included 79.4% p. falciparum, 3.2% p. malariae, 1.7% p. ovale, and 2 or more plasmodium species were detected in 15 ...	1988	3056055
coronary arterial aneurysm: possible relation with malaria?	we report a case of an aneurysm of a coronary artery in a 29-year-old male with an acute myocardial infarction. the patient had no risk factors for atherosclerosis and his medical history revealed only repeated episodes of quartian malaria three years before. coronary arteriography showed aneurysmal dilatation of the proximal part of the left anterior descending coronary artery with thrombus formation at the site of the dilatation. the right coronary artery and the left circumflex artery were fr ...	1988	3068156
[malaria in the forest region of mayombe, people's republic of the congo. ii. parasitologic observations].		1988	3069059
[urgent problems of the treatment and pharmacologic prevention of malaria].		1988	3071914
[our experiences regarding imported malaria].		1988	3071918
in vitro cultivation of exoerythrocytic stages of the human malaria parasite plasmodium malariae.	exoerythrocytic stage parasites of plasmodium malariae were obtained in vitro by inoculating primary cultures of hepatocytes from a chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) and a monkey (aotus lemurinus griseimembra) with sporozoites. schizonts were observed in chimpanzee hepatocytes 8, 11, and 13 days after inoculation. only 1 schizont was seen in aotus hepatocytes at day 13. the morphology and development rates of p. malariae exoerythrocytic stages obtained in vitro were similar to those previously descri ...	1988	3079312
circumsporozoite protein gene from plasmodium brasilianum. animal reservoirs for human malaria parasites?	we describe here the sequence of the circumsporozoite protein gene of the monkey malaria parasite plasmodium brasilianum and show that the immunodominant repeat domain is the same as that of the human malaria parasite, plasmodium malariae. the immunodominant epitope on the surface of sporozoites of a third species of human malaria parasite has, therefore, been identified. this genetic based data and the biological similarities between p. brasilianum and p. malariae support their putative zoonoti ...	1988	3128542
diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, elisa and ifa test in the detection of malarial antibodies.	malarial antibodies in 80 patients were measured using the diffusion-in-gel enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (dig-elisa), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test. good correlations were obtained between all three tests in terms of sensitivity and reliability. dig-elisa has the advantage of being a rapid diagnostic tool for the detection of malarial antibodies.	1987	3129797
[glomerulopathies associated with parasitoses].	glomerular diseases linked to parasitic infections are frequent in tropical areas: the nephrotic syndrome of african children is often related to malarial infections and hepato-splenic schistosomiasis may be associated with glomerulonephritis. histological studies indicate that the same parasite can induce a spectrum of glomerular lesions. immune complexes play a major role in the pathogenesis of these nephropathies but their precise composition is largely unknown. experimental studies suggest t ...	1985	3160960
antibodies to the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen of plasmodium falciparum elicited by infection with plasmodium malariae.	the ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (resa) of plasmodium falciparum (resa-p), found in the membrane of erythrocytes infected with young asexual stages of p. falciparum, is a promising vaccine candidate. antibodies to resa-p were inducible by infection with another human malaria species, p. malariae. of 298 serum samples from inhabitants of three isolated localities in peru where p. vivax and p. malariae were endemic and p. falciparum had never been reported, 26% had anti-resa-p antibod ...	1988	3278979
monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of plasmodium malariae sporozoites in mosquitoes.	a monoclonal antibody specific for a repeated epitope of the circumsporozoite protein of plasmodium malariae sporozoites has been used to develop a two-site, single antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that can detect p. malariae sporozoites in mosquitoes. the assay uses a purified monoclonal antibody produced against sporozoites of the uganda i/cdc strain of p. malariae to capture the antigen and the same monoclonal antibody labeled with horseradish peroxidase as the detector. sporo ...	1988	3281494
[malaria in childhood. report of 26 cases].	it's known that there has been a resurgence of malaria in the world. purpose of this article is to point out the increase in number of cases of imported malaria in children in spain. authors performed a clinical study and review up to date treatment and prophylaxis of the disease. they communicate cases of three children infected by plasmodium falciparum resistant to chloroquine, proceeding from areas that up to one year ago were considered to be not resistant. data published on prevention and s ...	1988	3281534
indigenous malaria in the d'entrecasteaux islands, papua new guinea.		1988	3284236
plasmodium malariae: distribution of circumsporozoite protein in midgut oocysts and salivary gland sporozoites.	the distribution of the circumsporozoite protein within developing plasmodium malariae oocysts and salivary gland sporozoites was examined by immunoelectron microscopy using protein a-gold and a monoclonal antibody specific for the cs protein of p. malariae. gold particles were found along the capsule of immature oocysts but rarely within the cytoplasm. gold label was detected on the inner surface of peripheral vacuoles during oocyst maturation and the plasma membrane of the sporoblast. salivary ...	1988	3284757
the hazard of malarial nephropathy to the human race.		1988	3286528
infection of peruvian aotus nancymai monkeys with different strains of plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax, and p. malariae.	aotus nancymai (karyotype i) monkeys from peru were studied for their susceptibility to infection with plasmodium falciparum, p. vivax, and p. malariae. three strains of p. falciparum (santa lucia from el salvador, indochina i/cdc from thailand, and uganda palo alto) were inoculated into 38 monkeys. the results indicated that this species of aotus monkey is highly susceptible to infection. the uganda palo alto and the santa lucia strain parasites appear to be the most useful for immunologic and ...	1988	3288739
pharmacokinetics of chloroquine in thais: plasma and red-cell concentrations following an intravenous infusion to healthy subjects and patients with plasmodium vivax malaria.	1. chloroquine diphosphate (15 mg base kg-1) was given by constant rate intravenous infusion to two groups of thai subjects. eleven were patients with malaria (10 with plasmodium vivax and one case with plasmodium malariae) and 10 were healthy normal volunteers. 2. plasma and packed red-cell concentrations of chloroquine, electrocardiographic intervals, arterial blood pressure and pulse were measured at frequent intervals. 3. peak plasma concentrations at the end of the infusion ranged from 979 ...	1988	3289601
[malaria].		1988	3292296
whole blood concentrations of chloroquine and desethylchloroquine during and after treatment of adult patients infected with plasmodium vivax, p. ovale or p. malariae.	whole blood concentrations of chloroquine and desethychloroquine were determined during and after chloroquine treatment of 15 adult patients infected with p. vivax, p. ovale or p. malariae. the median of chloroquine concentrations remained practically unchanged in samples drawn three hours after initiation of treatment and in samples drawn immediately before the next dose of chloroquine. concentrations of chloroquine remained above 1.0 mumol/litre for at least four days. the calculated sum of ch ...	1986	3299893
which are the appropriate modifications of existing regulations designed to prevent the transmission of malaria by blood transfusion, in view of the increasing frequency of travel to endemic areas?		1987	3300023
malaria in papua new guinea. implications for the british army.	malaria poses the greatest health threat to british soldiers engaged in jungle training in papua new guinea. this paper provides detailed epidemiological information gained following a visit to the papua new guinea malaria research unit in january 1986.	1987	3302246
ultrastructure of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium malariae.	this report describes the fine structure of the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium malariae. erythrocytic parasites from a naturally acquired human infection and an experimentally infected chimpanzee were morphologically indistinguishable and structurally similar to other primate malarias. new findings included observations of highly structured arrays of merozoite surface coat proteins in the cytoplasm of early schizonts and on the surface of budding merozoites and the presence of knobs in the me ...	1987	3309268
clinical evaluation of antimalarial regimens in japan.	the actual situation of the treatment of malaria for the past 10 years in japan was investigated and analyzed. as a result, it was revealed that there were not a few cases which had been treated improperly probably because of the difficulty of getting antimalarial agents. moreover, it was made clear that the death rate on falciparum malaria was constantly high, 8.7%, as expected and the relapse rate of vivax malaria was still as high as 18.0%. there was the recrudescence of falciparum malaria at ...	1987	3310468
mortality and morbidity from malaria among children in a rural area of the gambia, west africa.	mortality and morbidity from malaria were measured among 3000 children under the age of 7 years in a rural area of the gambia, west africa. using a post-mortem questionnaire technique, malaria was identified as the probable cause of 4% of infant deaths and of 25% of deaths in children aged 1 to 4 years. the malaria mortality rate was 6.3 per 1000 per year in infants and 10.7 per 1000 per year in children aged 1 to 4 years. morbidity surveys suggested that children under the age of 7 years experi ...	1987	3318021
[studies on malaria in a mosaic forest-savanna zone in central africa, brazzaville region. ii. parasite density].	malaria is holoendemic in rural areas in the brazzaville region: according to the villages, the crude parasite rate in schoolchildren varies from 81% to 94%. prevalence of classes 3 to 5 parasite densities is high until the age of 15 (41%-63%) and appears to reflect the entomological inoculation rate. parasite rates and densities in young children are lower than expected. this is probably due to the widespread use of antimalarials by this age-group.	1987	3319261
comparative analysis of the plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich proteins hrp-i, hrp-ii and hrp-iii in malaria parasites of diverse origin.	plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (irbc) synthesize 3 histidine-rich proteins: hrp-i or the knob-associated hrp, hrp-ii and hrp-iii or sharp. in order to distinguish these proteins immunochemically we prepared monoclonal antibodies which react with hrp-i, hrp-ii and hrp-iii, and rabbit antisera against synthetic peptides derived from the hrp-ii and hrp-iii sequences. a comparative analysis of diverse p. falciparum parasites was made using these antibodies and immunoprecipitation or wes ...	1987	3320887
a trial of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of malaria in gambian children.	a trial was undertaken in a rural area of the gambia to investigate the impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria. two groups of children, matched for age, sex, and malaria exposure, were followed through the rainy season of 1985 for illness and febrile episodes. one group of 205 children slept under permethrin-treated bed nets (0.5 g/m2); 184 children who slept under placebo-treated nets formed the control group. at the end of the rains the children were examined for splenomegaly and blo ...	1987	3328343
studies on the detection of malaria at primary health centres. part iii. parasitological profile of population surveyed for malaria through passive case detection.		1987	3330715
the effect of substance(s) associated with malarial parasites on c3b inactivator.	the effects of a substance or substances associated with malarial parasites on the inhibitory role of c3b inactivator in immune adherence were investigated. the test system involved adherence of immune complexes of complement-bearing sheep erythrocytes and rabbit antibody, using human group o erythrocytes and human renal glomerular tissues as indicators. malarial antigen and other soluble by-products of the malarial parasites, presumably present in spent culture medium, did not interfere with th ...	1987	3332502
newly incriminated anopheline vectors of human malaria parasites in junin department, peru.	sporozoite data from salivary gland dissections are presented that clearly incriminate anopheles trinkae, an. pseudopunctipennis, an. sp. near fluminensis, an. oswaldoi, an. nuneztovari and an. rangeli as vectors of malaria parasites in the rio ene valley, a hyperendemic malarious area in junin department, eastern peru. anopheles trinkae is considered the most important vector based on dissections, abundance and man-vector contact. other notes are presented on the relative abundance, bionomics a ...	1987	3333060
risk of transfusion malaria in nairobi.		1987	3333155
changes in the geographical distribution of malaria throughout history.	climatic changes must have greatly affected the distribution of malaria in prehistoric times. paleobotanical evidence, snowline depression studies and information obtained from deep sea sediment cores, indicate that southern europe must have suffered a drop of summer temperatures of approximately 9 degrees c during the last glacial maximum, 18,000 years ago. such a drop would have been decisive as regards the distribution of malaria and its vectors. if present at all, the disease would have been ...	1987	3334082
the epidemiology of malaria in a population surrounding madang, papua new guinea.	malaria is prevalent throughout coastal and lowland papua new guinea. recent changes, including a shift from predominance of plasmodium vivax to plasmodium falciparum, appearance of chloroquine-resistant p. falciparum and decreased effectiveness of vector control programs have been observed. epidemiological features of malaria were studied through four six-month surveys of a population of 16,500 in madang province from 1981-1983. baseline data on parasitology, splenic enlargement, serology, hemo ...	1986	3511748
field trial in chiapas, mexico, of a rapid detection method for malaria in anopheline vectors with low infection rates.	a method consisting of filtration of up to 100 macerated mosquitoes in a batch, followed by fixation with glutaraldehyde and concentration of filtrate by centrifugation has been developed to rapidly assess malaria infection in anopheline mosquitoes. determination of the presence of sporozoites is made by observation of a sample of the final filtrate with a phase microscope. the method is simple and field adaptable, essential factors for the application of any technique to large scale field opera ...	1986	3513640
[impact of building a dam on the transmission of malaria. malaria survey conducted in southeast mauritania].	in march during the dry season an investigation was conducted on the site of foum gleita dam in the islamic republic of mauritania in order to study, one year after the filling of the dam, the epidemiological situation of local malaria at a clinico-parasitological, immunological and entomological level. no malarial transmission was observed in the 5th month of the dry season. so far, the damming of water has not led to the spread of anophelines which would have brought about malarial transmissio ...	1986	3516423
[epidemiological aspects of malaria in 2 villages of the manyemen forest region (cameroon, southwest province)].	in terms of parasitaemia in blood, the prevalence was 18.7% for plasmodium falciparum, 10.5% for p. ovale and 1% for p. malariae in the villages of mungo ndor and kokobuma. the plasmodial index of children from 2 to 9 years of age was 38.2% and the spleen index 26.6%, with a mean hackett score of 1.56. malaria is thus meso-endemic in the region. the immunofluorescent test performed with a p. falciparum antigen was positive in 66% of the children in the same age group. parasites were seen in 15% ...	1986	3523108
[malaria vaccine research].	in 1976 "the immunology of malaria scientific working group" was established. the target of the organization was to study especially p. falciparum and other malaria strains antigens and then prepare a suitable vaccine against them. they carried out many experiments until the end of 1985, when they made the remarkable discovery by isolating the p. falciparum sporozoite surface antigen and named it "the circumsporozoite" (cs) protein. therefore they are hopeful to prepare a sporozoite vaccine in t ...	1986	3523172
selective primary health care. xxiv. malaria.	the eradication of malaria remains an elusive goal in many tropical and subtropical countries, even though methods are available that, if used correctly, will permit control of the disease in most area. these methods include chemotherapy directed against the parasite in the human host and such antivector techniques as a reduction of mosquito breeding sites and an attack on the aquatic and adult stages of mosquitoes. the direction of a malaria control program requires a detailed understanding of ...	1986	3523703
a review of the malaria situation in zimbabwe with special reference to the period 1972-1981.	information on the prevalence, incidence, and geographical distribution of malaria in zimbabwe is reviewed. malaria control operations carried out during the last 30 years are briefly described together with available information of their impact on malaria. from 1972 to 1981, 51,962 positive blood slides were submitted to blair research laboratory from health institutions, of which 97.8% were plasmodium falciparum, 1.8% p. malariae and 0.3% p. ovale. blood slide surveys undertaken from 1969 to 1 ...	1986	3523860
severe and complicated malaria. world health organization malaria action programme.		1986	3523867
[malaria in gabon. i. study of 500 children with fever in libreville].	among 500 febrile children who came for medical examination in the pediatric department at the hôpital général de libreville, 29.2% were infected by malaria. p. falciparum was the most common (96.7%), p. malariae and p. ovale were sparsely present. rarely detected in people consulting for fever, shivering and headache were the two symptoms directly related to paludism. there is a direct correlation between the size of the spleen and the rate of infestation. screening among babies from 3 to 6 mon ...	1986	3524881
seroepidemiology of malaria in northern thailand: ii. focal and temporal variations in endemicity.	four population groups from regions of northern thailand were surveyed for the presence of antibodies to plasmodium falciparum using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test. each of the four populations was selected from areas known to represent different patterns of malaria transmission. group 1 was from an area where there had been no malaria transmission for approximately 30 years. individuals in this group below age 40 showed an extremely low prevalence of malaria antibodies. grou ...	1986	3526577
serum complement levels in cerebral malaria.		1986	3527964
chemotherapy of malaria.		1986	3527970
birefringent hemozoin identifies malaria.	the diagnosis of malaria is still sometimes difficult because of the insensitivity of microscopic screening at low levels of parasitemia. the malarial pigment, hemozoin, is a crystalline product of the digestion of hemoglobin by the parasites. under polarized light at 500x magnification, brilliantly birefringent granules of the pigment were detected in wright's stained smears, and the parasites easily localized, in 18 cases of malarial infection. fresh, wet, coverslipped preparations of cultures ...	1986	3529929