Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| sensitivity of trypanosoma equiperdum to the action of tumor-inhibitory antibiotics in vivo. | 1967 | 6031778 | |
| variant specific glycoproteins of trypanosoma equiperdum: cross reacting determinants and chemical studies. | 1981 | 6165364 | |
| the variant surface glycoproteins of trypanosoma equiperdum. identification of a phosphorylated glycopeptide as the cross-reacting antigenic determinant. | the cross-reacting antigenic determinant in the variant surface glycoproteins (vsgs) of trypanosoma equiperdum was studied by testing the ability of vsg glycopeptides to bind heterologous anti-vsg sera. vsg glycopeptide purification revealed the presence of 3 oligosaccharide sidechains on the mature vsg. these consist of two sidechains containing only mannose and glucosamine and a third containing galactose and mannose (in a 5:1 ratio) as well as phosphorous and ethanolamine. this phosphorylated ... | 1983 | 6190682 |
| the kinetoplast dna of trypanosoma equiperdum. | we have analyzed the kinetoplast dna for trypanosoma equiperdum (american type culture collection 30019) and two dyskinetoplastic strains derived from it. the dna networks from the kinetoplastic strain are made up of catenated mini-circles and maxi-circles, like the networks from the closely-related trypanosoma brucei. the mini-circles of t. equiperdum lack the pronounced sequence heterogeneity of t. brucei mini-circles, as shown by the fragment distribution of restriction digests and by the pre ... | 1980 | 6249368 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of minicircle kinetoplast dna from trypanosoma equiperdum. | the kinetoplast dna of trypanosoma equiperdum is composed of about 3000 supercoiled minicircles of 1000 base pairs and about 50 supercoiled maxicircles of 23,000 base pairs topologically interlocked so as to form a compact network. minicircles of t. equiperdum, which are homogeneous in base sequence, were purified by equilibrium cscl centrifugation and used as starting material for dna sequence analysis. one minicircle is composed of 1012 base pairs and has an adenine.thymine base pair content o ... | 1981 | 6267582 |
| the kinetoplast of dna of trypanosoma gambiense: comparison with the kdna of trypanosoma equiperdum. | the molecular components of the kinetoplast dna (kdna) network of trypanosoma gambiense have been studied and compared with those of the very closely related species t. equiperdum, previously studied in detail. the kdna of t. gambiense contains about 80 maxicircles of 20 kilobase pairs and 4000 minicircles of 1 kilobase pairs. the restriction cleavage sites of 7 restriction endonucleases have been mapped on the t. gambiense maxicircle. the majority of these sites were also found in t. equiperdum ... | 1981 | 6272877 |
| dna rearrangements and antigenic variation in trypanosoma equiperdum: expression-independent dna rearrangements in the basic copy of a variant surface glycoprotein gene. | antigenic variation in trypanosoma equiperdum is associated with the sequential expression of variant surface glycoprotein (vsg) genes in a process which involves gene duplication and transposition events. in this paper we present evidence that the genomic environment of the vsg-1 basic copy gene, the template for duplicated, expression-linked vsg-1 genes, differs in every trypanosome clone examined. this variation is thus independent of the expression of the vsg-1 gene, and it also appears to b ... | 1983 | 6302473 |
| genomic environment of variant surface antigen genes of trypanosoma equiperdum. | expression of variant antigen genes in trypanosoma equiperdum is accompanied by the duplication of a silent basic copy gene and the transposition of the copy to an expression site elsewhere in the genome. we have analyzed the genomic locations of both the basic and expression-linked copies of the t. equiperdum gene for variable surface glycoprotein vsg-1. both copies are situated proximal to termini in both extracted dna and in chromatin. the regions between the vsg-1 genes and the termini have ... | 1983 | 6308614 |
| stability of expression-linked surface antigen gene in trypanosoma equiperdum. | african trypanosomes evade clearance in immune-competent hosts by periodically replacing their major surface glycoprotein with an antigenically different glycoprotein. expression of many of these variant surface glycoproteins (vsgs) is associated with the duplication and transposition of silent basic copy genes (bcs) into unlinked genomic expression sites. the new expression-linked vsg gene copies (elcs) are oriented with their 3' ends proximal to chromosome telomeres. other vsg genes are activa ... | 1984 | 6320015 |
| use of trypanosoma equiperdum infected rabbits as a source of splenic mrna; construction of cdna clones and identification of a rabbit mu heavy chain clone. | rabbits were infected by trypanosoma equiperdum and the splenic mrna was isolated. in vitro translation of this rna and immunoprecipitation with anti-light chain, anti-heavy chain, anti-mu and anti-vh antibodies demonstrated that t. equiperdum infection elicits large quantities of splenic mrna encoding mu and kappa chains. the mu and gamma heavy chains and the kappa light chains synthesized in the cell-free translation system were specifically immunoprecipitated by antisera to heavy chain vha an ... | 1983 | 6406841 |
| splenic cytology during chronic trypanosoma equiperdum infection in deer mice: a semi-quantitative electron microscopic study. | 1983 | 6408849 | |
| [anti-double strand dna antibodies and antinuclear antibodies in sle. i. a new method for determination of anti-double strand dna antibodies: trypanosoma equiperdum immunofluorescent method (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6458398 | |
| re-expression of an inactivated variable surface glycoprotein gene in trypanosoma equiperdum. | variable surface glycoprotein (vsg) genes in african trypanosomes are often activated by the duplicative transposition of a silent basic copy (bc) gene into an unlinked telomerically located expression site, producing an active expression-linked copy (elc) of that gene. however, some bc genes that are already linked to a telomere are activated without apparent duplication or transposition. we have recently shown that an active vsg elc can be inactivated in situ, apparently without rearrangement. ... | 1984 | 6530143 |
| a new method for determination of anti-double strand dna antibodies: trypanosoma equiperdum immunofluorescent method. | 1981 | 6793320 | |
| the variable surface glycoproteins of trypanosoma equiperdum are phosphorylated. | the phosphoproteins from three trypanosoma equiperdum variants were studied by labelling the parasites in vivo with 32p. phosphoprotein analysis reveals the presence of a 58 000 mol. wt. phosphoprotein ( pp58 ) which is absent when live trypanosomes are pre-treated with proteinase k under conditions where only the surface coat containing the variable surface glycoprotein (vsg) is removed. immunological and fingerprint analysis on labelled pp58 , purified from these variants by affinity chromatog ... | 1982 | 6821334 |
| variant specific surface antigens from trypanosoma equiperdum: chemical and physical studies. | nine variant specific surface antigens were purified from clones of trypanosoma equiperdum and characterized by amino acid analysis, isoelectric focusing and circular dichroism. the molecules showed extensive differences in their isoelectric points, and by comparison with the corresponding amino acid compositions, this variation seemed to be due to different amide contents. circular dichroism data allowed one to divide the molecules into 4 groups according to their respective percentages in alph ... | 1983 | 6838532 |
| dna rearrangements and antigenic variation in trypanosoma equiperdum: multiple expression-linked sites in independent isolates of trypanosomes expressing the same antigen. | african trypanosomes resist the immune response of their mammalian hosts by varying the surface glycoprotein which constitutes their antigenic identity. the molecular mechanism of this antigenic variation involves the successive activation of a series of genes which code for different variant surface glycoproteins (vsgs). we have studied the expression of two vsg genes (those of vsg-1 and vsg-28) in trypanosoma equiperdum, and we report the following findings. (i) the expression of both vsg gene ... | 1983 | 6843549 |
| partial determination of the primary structure of a variant surface glycoprotein from trypanosoma equiperdum. composition and location of a carbohydrate moiety. | salivarian trypanosomes have the ability to evade the immune response of their hosts by the sequential expression of different cell surface glycoproteins. among the isolated specific antigens from cloned variants of trypanosoma equiperdum, a structural study was undertaken on two immunologically cross-reacting variant surface glycoproteins, and results concerning the basic antigenic type are reported. the glycoprotein was cleaved by cyanogen bromide, and amino acids of several purified fractions ... | 1983 | 6877278 |
| presence of glycerol and fatty acids in the c-terminal end of a variant surface glycoprotein from trypanosoma equiperdum. | the composition of the c-terminal end of a variant surface glycoprotein from trypanosoma equiperdum (botat-1 vsg) has been examined. it has been reported for two trypanosoma brucei vsgs (holder, a.a., biochem. j. (1983), 209, 261-262) that ethanolamine was involved in binding the c-terminal amino acid to an oligosaccharide side chain. tryptic glycopeptides were prepared from botat-1 vsg and analyzed. one of them was found to contain ethanolamine and consequently was assumed to be c-terminal. it ... | 1983 | 6882418 |
| anti-immunoglobulins and heterophil agglutinins in experimental trypanosomiasis. | rheumatoid factor (rf)-like substances and heterophil agglutinins (ha) were induced in rabbits by infection with a strain of trypanosoma equiperdum. infection with a t. gambiense strain produced ha, but no rf. rfs appeared usually before immunoglobulin g (igg) levels started to increase. they disappeared spontaneously after 4 to 6 weeks. ha were of the igm class, appeared within 1 to 2 weeks after infection, and usually remained at high levels afterwards. they could not be absorbed out with lyop ... | 1980 | 6967452 |
| comparison of various tests for the serological diagnosis of trypanosoma equiperdum infection in the horse. | 1981 | 7037279 | |
| the effect of trypanosoma equiperdum on the lesions of experimental influenza virus pneumonia. | 1982 | 7085937 | |
| dourine and the downer mare. | 1980 | 7265092 | |
| complete loss of kinetoplast dna sequences induced by ethidium bromide or by acriflavine in trypanosoma equiperdum. | a fully kinetoplastic strain of an antigenic variant of trypanosoma equiperdum has been made dyskinetoplastic by successive treatments of infected rats with ethidium bromide or acriflavine. after seven passages in the absence of the dye, the loss of kinetoplast dna (kdna) is stable and complete as shown by analytical ultracentrifugation, cscl-dye gradients, and the reassociation kinetics of in vitro-labeled kdna. moreover, these trypanosomes exhibit the same infectivity as the wild type. these r ... | 1980 | 7372629 |
| trypanosoma equiperdum: movement from the dermis. | 1980 | 7428909 | |
| berenil induces the complete loss of kinetoblast dna sequences in trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1980 | 7437039 | |
| absence of kinetoplast dna in a late antigenic variant of trypanosoma equiperdum. | we have analysed by several biochemical techniques the dna components of two antigenic variants isolated from trypanosoma equiperdum. we did not observe any kinetoplast dna (kdna) structures or networks in the late antigen variant botat 28. furthermore, the results of reassociation kinetics of in vitro labelled kdna show that neither kdna minicircle sequences nor kdna maxicircle sequences of botat 1, the basic antigen type, can be detected in the total dna of botat 28. | 1980 | 7442712 |
| epidemiology of dourine in the equine population of the abruzzi region. | 1980 | 7468001 | |
| inhibition of topoisomerases in african trypanosomes. | african trypanosomiasis continues to pose a challenge for the development of new chemotherapy. type ii topoisomerases, essential enzymes in nucleic acid metabolism, have proven highly suitable as targets for antibacterial and antitumor therapy. well-characterized topoisomerase ii inhibitors affect the cognate nuclear and mitochondrial enzymes in trypanosoma equiperdum. inhibition is accompanied by extensive fragmentation and structural alteration in nuclear and mitochondrial dna. some clinically ... | 1993 | 7902662 |
| identification of trypanosoma evansi, trypanosoma equiperdum and trypanosoma brucei brucei using repetitive dna probes. | the phylogenetic relatedness of 15 stocks of trypanosoma evansi, three stocks of trypanosoma equiperdum and one stock of trypanosoma brucei brucei was determined using southern blot analysis of restriction enzyme digested dna, probed with two repetitive dna sequences from t. b. brucei. a dendrogram derived by cluster analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) revealed three groups of related stocks. group 1 included 14 stocks of t. evansi and one stock of t. equiperdum. group 2 ... | 1994 | 7975115 |
| drug sensitivity of chinese trypanosoma evansi and trypanosoma equiperdum isolates. | the drug sensitivities of eleven trypanosoma evansi isolates from china were examined using two different in vitro assays, a 3h-hypoxanthine incorporation assay and a long incubation low inoculation test (lilit). better discrimination of the drug susceptibility of the strains was observed with the lilit. the drug responses of all the isolates to the arsenical melarsoprol were very similar. in contrast, for suramin, minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) varied within a 27-fold range and for dim ... | 1994 | 8030186 |
| mitochondrial topoisomerase ii activity is essential for kinetoplast dna minicircle segregation. | etoposide, a nonintercalating antitumor drug, is a potent inhibitor of topoisomerase ii activity. when trypanosoma equiperdum is treated with etoposide, cleavable complexes are stabilized between topoisomerase ii and kinetoplast dna minicircles, a component of trypanosome mitochondrial dna (t. a. shapiro, v. a. klein, and p. t. englund, j. biol. chem. 264:4173-4178, 1989). etoposide also promotes the time-dependent accumulation of small minicircle catenanes. these catenanes are radiolabeled in v ... | 1994 | 8196610 |
| mitochondrial transcripts are processed but are not edited normally in trypanosoma equiperdum (atcc 30019) which has kdna sequence deletion and duplication. | analyses of the trypanosoma equiperdum (atcc 30019) maxicircle reveals deletions, duplications and rearrangement compared to t. brucei. the genes for 9s rrna and 12 proteins are absent. the 12s rrna and cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) genes lack their 3' ends and are adjacent indicating deletion of intervening genes. the remaining two nadh dehydrogenase subunit genes (nd4 and nd5), the ribosomal protein rps12 gene and the cr5 gene are duplicated and rearranged. nd4, rps12 and the cr4 transcri ... | 1994 | 8202373 |
| evaluation of agar gel immunodiffusion and indirect fluorescent antibody assays as supplemental tests for dourine in equids. | the agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) and indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) assays were evaluated as supplemental tests to the complement-fixation (cf) test, the official us importation certification test for dourine in equids. the american stabilate (n = 10 animals) or the canadian stabilate (n = 6 animals) of trypanosoma equiperdum cultured in rat blood was administered by catheterization and infusion in the urogenital tract of 16 equids. to assess parasitemia and serologic responses by use of ... | 1993 | 8214884 |
| trypanosoma evansi: in vivo and in vitro determination of trypanocide resistance profiles. | we have determined the in vivo and in vitro sensitivities to six common trypanocides of two groups of trypanosomes, (1) two trypanosoma equiperdum clones and three trypanosoma evansi clones originating from asia, latin america, and africa; and (2) six laboratory-derived drug-resistant subclones from two of the t. evansi and one of the t. equiperdum clones. we found that (1) we could induce trypanocide resistance by successive passage through mice treated with subtherapeutic doses of drugs; (2) c ... | 1993 | 8253152 |
| compositional compartmentalization of the nuclear genomes of trypanosoma brucei and trypanosoma equiperdum. | high molecular weight dna preparations from trypanosoma brucei and trypanosoma equiperdum were fractionated by preparative centrifugation in a cs2so4 density gradient in the presence of bamd, bis(acetatomercurimethyl)dioxane, a sequence-specific dna ligand. analytical centrifugation in cscl of the dna fractions so obtained showed that both dnas had a bimodal distribution with two major peaks banding at 1.702-1.703 and 1.708 g/cm3 and representing 1/3 and 2/3 of total dna, respectively. several m ... | 1993 | 8253192 |
| kinetoplast dna maxicircles: networks within networks. | kinetoplast dna (kdna), the mitochondrial dna of trypanosomes, is an enormous network of interlocked minicircles and maxicircles. we selectively removed minicircles from trypanosoma equiperdum kdna networks by restriction enzyme cleavage. maxicircles remained in aggregates that were resistant to protease or rnase and contained no residual minicircles, but were resolved into circular monomers by topoisomerase ii. maxicircles thus form independent catenanes within kdna networks. heterogeneity in t ... | 1993 | 8395055 |
| characterization of a benzyl-phenoxy-ethanamine binding protein in trypanosoma equiperdum and the possible relation between binding affinity and trypanocidal activity. | a new family of benzyl-phenoxy-ethanamine derivatives has been assayed for trypanocidal activity. using tritiated morpholino-benzyl-phenoxy-ethanamine as a probe, it is shown that this ligand is able to bind specifically to a protein contained in extracts of trypanosoma equiperdum. the binding is saturable and of high affinity (kd = 4 nm: bmax = 200 fmol (mg protein)-1). the in vitro activities of the investigated compounds against this parasite correlate with their affinities to the putative bi ... | 1993 | 8479455 |
| a diamidine-resistant trypanosoma equiperdum clone contains a p2 purine transporter with reduced substrate affinity. | following the demonstration that the transport of melaminophenyl arsenical drugs in trypanosoma brucei is dependent upon an unusual adenosine nucleoside transporter (carter and fairlamb, nature 361 (1993) 173-175) we have investigated adenosine transport in the related parasite trypanosoma equiperdum (botat1.1) and a cloned derivative resistant to the diamidine drug berenil (diminazene aceturate) with limited cross-resistance to the melaminophenyl arsenical cymelarsen. the parental strain posses ... | 1995 | 8577330 |
| trypanosoma equiperdum: detection of trypanosomal antibodies and antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | 1995 | 8605584 | |
| production of autoantibodies against dna and collagen after inoculation of rabbits with trypanosoma equiperdum. | the aim of the study was to investigate the induction of autoantibodies in rabbits after the inoculation with trypanosoma equiperdum. eight female rabbits were inoculated s.c. with 5 x 10(6) parasites of trypanosoma equiperdum. four of these animals were treated with diminazen (berenil) at a dosage of 28 mg per rabbit by intramuscular injection 35 days p. i. two additional non-infected rabbits served as negative controls. 9 days p.i. all infected animals possessed serum antibodies against typano ... | 1996 | 9060174 |
| trypanosoma cruzi in the opossum didelphis marsupialis: a study of the correlations and kinetics of the systemic and scent gland infections in naturally and experimentally infected animals. | the genus didelphis (marsupialia, didelphidae) has the unique capacity of supporting both multiplication cycles of trypanosoma cruzi simultaneously; besides the intracellular forms, the epimastigotes can be found multiplying and differentiating abundantly in the lumen of the scent glands. the biological significance of the life cycle of t. cruzi within the scent glands of didelphis marsupialis, as well as its contribution to the epidemiology of the disease, is presently unclear. in order to clar ... | 1997 | 9149239 |
| edward watson and the eradication of dourine in canada. | 1997 | 9285141 | |
| the use of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays to investigate the prevalence of trypanosoma equiperdum in ethiopian horses. | a field study involving 309 horses was undertaken in the provinces of arsi and bale in the ethiopian highlands to investigate the prevalence of trypanosoma equiperdum infections using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the detection of both trypanosomal antigen and antibody. adult horses of both sexes were examined for clinical signs of t. equiperdum infection and serum samples were collected for the assays. one hundred and one horses showed the presence of trypanosomal antibodies i ... | 1997 | 9299693 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of trybizine hydrochloride against various pathogenic trypanosome species. | trybizine hydrochloride [o,o'-bis(4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro-2, 2-tetramethylene-s-triazine-1-yl)-1,6-hexanediol dihydrochloride] was active in vitro against the sleeping sickness-causing agents trypanosoma brucei subsp. rhodesiense and t. brucei subsp. gambiense; against a multidrug-resistant organism, t. brucei subsp. brucei; and against animal-pathogenic organisms trypanosoma evansi, trypanosoma equiperdum, and trypanosoma congolense; but not against the intracellular parasites trypanosoma cruzi ... | 1998 | 9797216 |
| serodiagnosis of equine piroplasmosis, dourine, and glanders using an arrayed immunoblotting method. | 1999 | 10353365 | |
| isolation and characterization of kinetoplast dna from bloodstream form of trypanosoma brucei. | we have used restriction endonucleases psti, ecori, hapii, hhai, and s1 nuclease to demonstrate the presence of a large complex component, the maxi-circle, in addition to the major mini-circle component in kinetoplast dna (kdna) networks of trypanosoma brucei (east african trypanosomiasis research organization [eatro] 427). endonuclease psti and s1 nuclease cut the maxi-circle at a single site, allowing its isolation in a linear form with a mol wt of 12.2 x 10(6), determined by electron microsco ... | 1978 | 10605439 |
| detection of trypanosome dna in serologically positive but aparasitaemic horses suspected of dourine in ethiopia. | a field study of horses was conducted in the province of bale, ethiopian highlands. a rapid questionnaire analysis indicated that dourine, known as "dirressa", is a major health problem of equines in this area. a total of 121 horses suspected of dourine were examined by use of clinical, parasitological, serological and dna based techniques. incoordination of hindlegs (76%), swelling of external genitalia (48.8%) and emaciation (39.7%) were the most common clinical signs observed. using the haema ... | 1998 | 10622626 |
| procedurally similar competitive immunoassay systems for the serodiagnosis of babesia equi, babesia caballi, trypanosoma equiperdum, and burkholderia mallei infection in horses. | procedurally similar competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay (celisa) methods were developed for the serodiagnosis of babesia equi and babesia caballi (piroplasmosis), trypanosoma equiperdum (dourine), and burkholderia mallei (glanders) infections in horses. apparent test specificities for the b. equi, b. caballi, t. equiperdum, and b. mallei celisas were 99.2%, 99.5%, 98.9%, and 98.9%, respectively. concordances and kappa values between the complement fixation (cf) and the celisa procedures for t ... | 2000 | 10690775 |
| serosurvey for selected infectious disease agents in free-ranging black and white rhinoceros in africa. | two hundred and eighty one serum samples collected from free-ranging black (diceros bicornis) and white (ceratotherium simum) rhinoceros, in the republic of south africa (rsa), namibia, and kenya from 1987-97, were examined for antibody to 16 different infectious agents. positive antibody titers were detected against akabane (59.8%), bluetongue (55%), african horse sickness (27.9%), epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer (19.4%), parainfluenza type 3 (25.3%), bovine herpes virus 1 (3.1%), equine ... | 2000 | 10813614 |
| synthesis and uptake of nitric oxide-releasing drugs by the p2 nucleoside transporter in trypanosoma equiperdum. | a series of s-nitrosothiols, structurally related to the no*-donor s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine, and of organic nitrate esters that contain amidine groups which specify a recognition via the trypanosomal purine transporter p2, were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the uptake of [2-(3)h]adenosine on trypanosoma equiperdum. | 2000 | 10890161 |
| involvement of platelets in experimental mouse trypanosomiasis: evidence of mouse platelet cytotoxicity against trypanosoma equiperdum. | platelets play an important role in the human response to parasites. trypanosoma equiperdum, a parasite that has the horse as its natural host, is able to induce infection in mice and thus it may represent a simple model for studying the role of platelets in the development of a parasitosis. although several aspects of the murine response to t. equiperdum infection have been clarified, the precise mechanism of killing of the parasite is still unclear. we have studied the involvement of blood pla ... | 2000 | 10910715 |
| egg yolk antibodies (igy) in routine diagnostic work. | according to linscott"s directory of immunological and biological reagents (1994/95) the commercial availability of egg-yolk antibodies (igy) is extremely low. for preparation, cleaning and detection of igy it would be of advantage to have a "protein y" available analogous to protein a and protein g for mammalian antibodies. until now, the search for "protein y" was unsuccessful. igy has been used for routine diagnostic work covering the following subjects: 1.identification of the host species f ... | 1996 | 11178478 |
| synthesis and evaluation of the in vivo trypanocidal activity of water soluble organotin compounds. | a series of (3-(2-methoxy)ethoxypropyl)tin derivatives were synthesized as potential trypanocidal drugs. the series included an alkyltin trichloride, a dialkyltin dichloride and the corresponding dialkyltin oxide, and six dialkyltin dithio derivatives. compounds were evaluated for trypanocidal activity using in vitro cultures of trypanosoma equiperdum and mice infected with the same strain of parasite for in vivo tests. two of the title derivatives, the bis (3-(2-methoxy)ethoxypropyl)tin dichlor ... | 1999 | 11278046 |
| detection and identification of trypanosoma of african livestock through a single pcr based on internal transcribed spacer 1 of rdna. | primers hybridising with the rdna cistron have previously been evaluated for pcr diagnosis specific for kinetoplastids, and shown to detect and differentiate the trypanosoma brucei complex and trypanosoma cruzi. kin1 and kin2 primers, amplifying internal transcribed spacer 1, were subsequently evaluated for the diagnosis of african livestock trypanosomosis. based on the size of the pcr products obtained, kin primers allowed detection and identification of three trypanosoma congolense types (sava ... | 2001 | 11334950 |
| [importation of parasites by tourism and animal trading]. | international transport of animals is associated with an enhanced risk of import of a number of parasite species that are not endemic in germany. pets accompany tourists on journeys all over the world, but in particular to southern europe, and dogs are increasingly imported from (sub-)tropical countries for reasons of animal welfare. veterinary practitioners are thus confronted with parasites that are unusual in their patients. the specific transmission routes determine whether an imported paras ... | 2001 | 11560118 |
| the role of international transport of equine semen on disease transmission. | despite the numerous benefits of having the capability to transport semen internationally, there are serious potential ramifications if that semen is contaminated with a communicable disease. bacteria: many commensal bacteria colonize the exterior of the stallion penis and are not regarded as pathogenic. they may be cultured from an ejaculate. alterations of the normal bacterial flora on the exterior genitalia may cause the growth of opportunistic bacteria such as klebsiella pneumonia, pseudomon ... | 2001 | 11744267 |
| genetic relatedness among trypanosoma evansi stocks by random amplification of polymorphic dna and evaluation of a synapomorphic dna fragment for species-specific diagnosis. | in this study we employed randomly amplified polymorphic dna patterns to assess the genetic relatedness among 14 brazilian trypanosoma evansi stocks from domestic and wild hosts, which are known to differ in biological characteristics. these akinetoplastic stocks were compared with one another, to three old world (ethiopia, china and philippines) dyskinetoplastic stocks of t. evansi, and also with trypanosoma equiperdum, trypanosoma brucei brucei, trypanosoma brucei gambiense and trypanosoma bru ... | 2002 | 11796122 |
| natural and induced dyskinetoplastic trypanosomatids: how to live without mitochondrial dna. | salivarian trypanosomes are the causative agents of several diseases of major social and economic impact. the most infamous parasites of this group are the african subspecies of the trypanosoma brucei group, which cause sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in cattle. in terms of geographical distribution, however, trypanosoma equiperdum and trypanosoma evansi have been far more successful, causing disease in livestock in africa, asia, and south america. in these latter forms the mitochondrial ... | 2002 | 12117490 |
| apparent prevalence of dourine in the khomas region of namibia. | a 15-year record of the results of horse sera from the khomas region of namibia tested by the complement fixation test for dourine at the central veterinary laboratory in windhoek before clearing the respective animals for export and competitive sport were subjected to statistical analysis. the range of percentage positive, taken as the apparent prevalence of dourine for the region, during the period of study, was 0-29.09%; the average regional level of apparent prevalence was 8.33%. these figur ... | 2002 | 12625381 |
| the transferrin receptor genes of trypanosoma equiperdum are less diverse in their transferrin binding site than those of the broad-host range trypanosoma brucei. | trypanosoma brucei and t. equiperdum infect the mammalian bloodstream and tissues. t. brucei is transmitted by tsetse flies between an extremely large range of mammals in sub-saharan africa. in contrast, t. equiperdum is restricted to equines, where it is transmitted as a venereal disease. both species evade immune destruction by changing their variant surface glycoprotein (vsg), encoded in a telomeric vsg expression site. t. brucei has about 20 vsg expression sites, and it has been proposed tha ... | 2003 | 12664158 |
| how does trypanosoma equiperdum fit into the trypanozoon group? a cluster analysis by rapd and multiplex-endonuclease genotyping approach. | the pathogenic trypanosomes trypanosoma equiperdum, t. evansi as well as t. brucei are morphologically identical. in horses, these parasites are considered to cause respectively dourine, surra and nagana. previous molecular attempts to differentiate these species were not successful for t. evansi and t. equiperdum; only t. b. brucei could be differentiated to a certain extent. in this study we analysed 10 t. equiperdum, 8 t. evansi and 4 t. b. brucei using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) ... | 2003 | 12793646 |
| a field study to estimate the prevalence of trypanosoma equiperdum in mongolian horses. | from may to july 2000, a cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of trypanosoma equiperdum in the horse population of the central province (tuv aimag) of mongolia. on average, four herds were selected from each of the 29 aimag subdivisions (119 herds). from each herd, 10 horses were sampled in proportion to sex and age categories in the respective herds (1190 horses). sera from 1122 horses were analysed for t. equiperdum antibodies using two serological assays, the complem ... | 2003 | 12860063 |
| a biochemical and immunological comparative study on trypanosoma equiperdum and trypanosoma evansi. | trypanosoma equiperdum and trypanosoma evansi were purified by three or four cycles of low-speed centrifugation and final filtration through deae cellulose. the purified trypanosomes were used in comparative biochemical and immunological studies. comparative polypeptide pattern analysis revealed that t. equiperdum showed 21 polypeptide bands, whose mr ranged from >200 to 14.8 kda. t. evansi showed 25 polypeptide bands in the mr range 97-14.8 kda. the main differences were associated with the pre ... | 2003 | 12872829 |
| [chemical prevention and chemotherapy of dourine in morocco]. | 1952 | 12991955 | |
| [lack of modifications induced by acth and cortisone experimental infection with trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1952 | 13018867 | |
| a study of resistance to antrycide in a strain of trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1952 | 13019038 | |
| [p-p-diamidino-di-phenoxy-pentane therapy of dourine]. | 1952 | 13032744 | |
| experimental chemotherapy of trypanosomiasis. iii. effect of achromycin against trypanosoma equiperdum and trypanosoma cruzi. | 1953 | 13040659 | |
| the effect of mapharsen on the glucose metabolism of trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1953 | 13052965 | |
| diminished p32 assimilation by trypanosoma equiperdum in the rat late in the infection. | 1953 | 13109234 | |
| [medicolegal opinion on a suspected case of dourine]. | 2012 | 13117162 | |
| [attempted culture of trypanosoma equiperdum on chick embryo]. | 1953 | 13182571 | |
| the effect of oxophenarsine on the phosphate metabolism of trypanosoma equiperdum in the rat. | 1954 | 13184170 | |
| [assimilation of radioactive phosphate in a strain of trypanosoma equiperdum resistant to oxophenarsine]. | 1955 | 13276164 | |
| [study of a mixed infection induced with borrelia duttoni and trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1955 | 13293231 | |
| electron microscope observations of trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1956 | 13295884 | |
| behavior of mixtures of oxophenarsine-resistant and unmodified strains of trypanosoma equiperdum in the rat. | 1956 | 13317940 | |
| [experimental parasitosis caused by trypanosoma equiperdum doflein]. | 1956 | 13363118 | |
| effect of cortisone on immunization against trypanosoma equiperdum in the rat. | 1956 | 13376927 | |
| [production of antigen for complement fixation in dourine by action of ultrasonic waves]. | 1956 | 13385072 | |
| [sandor's reticuloendothelial index in experimental trypanosomiasis due to trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1956 | 13396528 | |
| [influence of ultrasonics on trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1956 | 13414220 | |
| the activity of a new antibiotic, nucleocidin, in experimental infections with trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1956 | 13425455 | |
| duration of acquired immunity to trypanosoma equiperdum in the rat. | 1957 | 13475876 | |
| [comparative activity of various chemotherapeutic agents against experimental trypanosoma equiperdum infection]. | 1957 | 13499728 | |
| the ingestion of particulate fat from the blood by trypanosoma lewisi and trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1957 | 13504862 | |
| effect of x-ray radiation on trypanosoma equiperdum in vivo and in vitro. | 1958 | 13514118 | |
| the oxygen uptake of trypanosoma lewisi and trypanosoma equiperdum, with especial reference to oxygen consumption in the presence of amino-acids. | 1958 | 13566862 | |
| mutation rate and antigenic variation in trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1958 | 13611295 | |
| cortisone and the course of trypanosoma equiperdum infection in the rat. | 1959 | 13631289 | |
| [mechanism of action of bordetella pertussis on the animal organism. ii. action on an acute experimental parasitosis in the rat by trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1961 | 13733545 | |
| [resistance of the rodent fetus (rat, guinea pig, rabbit) to trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1960 | 13733549 | |
| the pattern of antigenic variation in trypanosoma equiperdum. | 1960 | 13807502 | |
| [antibodies and plasma modifications during experimental trypanosomiasis in the rabbit by trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1959 | 13854255 | |
| [serological diagnosis of sleeping sickness. i. improvement of the antigen prepared from trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1959 | 13854256 | |
| [hyper-beta2-macroglobulinemia in the course of experimental trypanosomiasis of the rabbit due to trypanosoma equiperdum]. | 1963 | 13933841 | |
| transmission studies on experimental trypanosoma equiperdum infections in deer mice. | 1962 | 13937303 | |
| [intrauterine transmission in female guinea pigs and rats infected with trypanosoma "equiperdum"]. | 1962 | 13996372 | |
| [morphology, multiplication and localization of "trypanosoma equiperdum" in white rats]. | 1963 | 13996373 |