Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| survey of mycoflora and mycotoxins in egyptian soybean seeds. | after four months in commercial storage, 100 soybean samples from different places of egyptian governorates were assayed for filamentous fungal growth at two incubation temperatures (28 and 45 degrees c). 73 species and 8 varieties belonging to 32 genera were isolated by the dilution plate method. at 28 degrees c, the common species were aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger and a. alutaceus, followed by a. terreus, penicillium chrysogenum, p. citrinum, mucor hiemalis, m. racemosus, emerice ... | 1993 | 8271157 |
| comparison of methods for estimating the biomass of three food-borne fungi with different growth patterns. | to evaluate the effectiveness of steps taken to reduce the growth of molds in food and feed, methods that can accurately quantify the degree of fungal contamination of solid substrates are needed. in this study, the ergosterol assay has been evaluated by comparing the results of this assay with spore counts and hyphal length measurements made with a microscope and with cfu counts. three fungi with different growth patterns during cultivation on a synthetic agar substrate were used in these exper ... | 1993 | 8434921 |
| extracellular production of alpha-rhamnosidase by rhizopus nigricans. | extracellular production of alpha-rhamnosidase [ec 3.2.1.40] from an indigeneous fungal strain of r. nigricans has been demonstrated. the enzyme has been shown to follow michaelis-menten kinetics using p-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosid as a substrate. the ph and the temperature optima of the enzyme have been found to be around 6.5 and 60 degrees-80 degrees c respectively. | 1995 | 8557313 |
| degradation of stachyose, raffinose, melibiose and sucrose by different tempe-producing rhizopus fungi. | forty-six strains of tempe-forming rhizopus species were screened for their ability to grow on raffinose as the sole carbon source. six of the strains showed good growth and sporulation. these isolates were one rhizopus oligosporus, one rhizopus microsporus var. chinensis, three rhizopus oryzae and one rhizopus stolonifer. these six moulds and r. oligosporus strain nrrl 2710 were investigated for their metabolism of the raffinose family of alpha-galactoside carbohydrates. degradation experiments ... | 1995 | 8579835 |
| transmission of the effect of an antifungal agent within a single hypha. | a micro-compartment culture method was devised in which a single hypha of rhizopus stolonifer growing on an agar section traversed an antifungal non-diffusible barrier to another agar section; thus the local environment of the distal or proximal part of the hypha could be controlled independently. the responses in terms of hyphal extension of the test fungus to local application of amphotericin b in this culture system were estimated by using an automatic analysing system. after hyphae had trave ... | 1995 | 8597551 |
| identification and partial characterization of cytosolic progesterone-binding sites in the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. | progesterone and some other steroids have been shown to induce a steroid 11alpha-hydroxylating enzyme system requiring cytochrome p450 in the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. in the present work, we attempted to find out whether the mycelial cytosol contained progesterone-binding sites (pbs) which could function as receptors for p450-inducing steroids and might, therefore, be included in the induction process. two types of constitutive pbs, pbs-i and pbs-ii, were identified in the cytosol ... | 1996 | 8651707 |
| residues of dicloran in clingstone peaches after pre- and postharvest application. | trials were carried out over a period of several years in order to test the efficacy of pre- and postharvest treatments against fungi causing postharvest rots of stored clingstone peaches destined to canning. among the fungicides tested, dicloran (2, 6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline) was applied against botrytis cinerea, monilia cinerea and rhizopus stolonifer. the purpose of this work was to determine the residues of this fungicide in fresh, washed, peeled and canned fruits. no relevant data are repor ... | 1996 | 8720094 |
| occupational asthma in a coal miner. | occupational asthma in coal miners is hardly recognised. a report is presented of a coal miner whose clinical picture suggested a respiratory allergy which occurred only in the mine where he worked. serum specific ige levels, skin tests, and bronchial provocation tests with different commercial extracts showed sensitisation to rhizopus nigricans. rhizopus spp were found inside the mine, as demonstrated by cultures on petri plates. | 1996 | 8795682 |
| microbial hydroxylation of 13-ethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-18,19-dinor-17 alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. | the microbial transformation of the racemic mixture of 13-ethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-18,19-dinor-17 alpha-pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one (1) was investigated. rhizopus nigricans (as 3.2050), r. arrhizus (as 3.4523), aspergillus niger (as 3.2744), a. ochraceus (as 3.1408), and curvularia lunata (nrrl 4381) transformed 1 into its 10 beta-hydroxy derivative (2) as a major metabolite. biotransformation of 1 by aspergillus ochraceus as 3.1408 afforded 7 beta-hydroxy derivative (3) as the only product. | 1996 | 8837292 |
| production of useful chemicals from sunflower oil by microbial biotransformation with rhizopus stolonifer nrrl 1478. | a number of microorganisms has been screened for growth on sunflower oil as a sole carbon source for production of useful chemicals. rhizopus stolonifer nrrl 1478 was found to transform the lipid contents of sunflower oil into dodecyl b-d-glucopyranoside and dodecanedioic acid in 15 and 25% yields respectively. the produced compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography and their chemical identities were established using ms, ir, 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy. | 1996 | 8934681 |
| high incidence of aspergillus flavus and aflatoxins in stored groundnut in ghana and the use of a microbial assay to assess the inhibitory effects of plant extracts on aflatoxin synthesis. | groundnut samples from 21 selected markets in the 10 regions of ghana yielded high levels of the aflatoxigenic fungus aspergillus flavus on half-strength potato dextrose agar. the fungus was associated with 31.7 and 12.8%, respectively, of all damaged and undamaged kernels assayed. only 0.24% of total kernels assayed yielded a. parasiticus. other fungi detected from total kernels assayed were a. niger (34%), a. candidus (1.45%), a. tamarii (3.93%), a. ochraceous (5.26%), fusarium spp. (1.7%) pen ... | 1996 | 8981776 |
| [zygomycosis: review of 16 cases]. | zygomycosis (mucormycosis or phycomycosis) is the infection caused by zygomycetes (non partitioned mycelial fungi, usually saprophytes). all cases of zygomycosis diagnosed in the hospital 12 de octubre in madrid, spain, from 1976 to 1994 were reviewed. | 1996 | 9044638 |
| quality control of two rose bengal and modified drbc and dg18 media. | the effect of storage on the performance of four mycological media, dg18, drbc and two rose bengal agars, one from difco, the other recommended by the swedish standard institution, was investigated. the autoclaved media were stored (+4 degrees c) in the dark for up to 26 weeks. following each storage period, the media were remelted and poured and the plates stored (+4 degrees c) in the dark for a maximum of 8 weeks before inoculation with test microorganisms. all media contained antibiotics. bot ... | 1997 | 9105924 |
| interstitial pneumonitis induced in guinea pigs by the antigens of rhizopus nigricans. | rhizopus nigricans (rn) is one of the most common members of the mucorales that produces opportunistic infections and hypersensitivity states. data concerning experimental induction in guinea pigs of hypersensitivity pneumonitis with a glycoprotein antigen are presented. this antigen was obtained from the mycelial and metabolic products of the cultures and was aerosolized during 12 weeks. the presence of specific antibodies (igg and/or ige) was detected by serological techniques; histopathologic ... | 1997 | 9161935 |
| fungi associated with post-harvest rot of black plum (vitex doniana) in nigeria. | the fungi associated with rot of vitex doniana fruits (blackplum) were isolated and identified. aspergillus niger, botryodiplodia theobromae, candida spp. penicillium chrysogenum, rhizopus stolonifer, fusarium pallidoroseum f. oxysporum and mucor mucedo were the primary rot causing fungi in contrast to cladosporium herbarum and mucor circinelloides which were just present as secondary colonizers. the rot fungi penetrated mainly through wounds and bruises on the surface of fruits. mature green fr ... | 1996 | 9208478 |
| equine pulmonary mycosis due to aspergillus niger and rhizopus stolonifer. | invasive pulmonary mycosis caused by aspergillus niger and rhizopus stolonifer is reported in a 2-year-old horse, one of three that died after being housed in a disused, uncleaned stable. lesions were characterized by thrombosis of the blood vessels with haemorrhage and tissue necrosis. fungal hyphae were observed both in thrombosed vessels and in adjacent necrotic tissue. in culture media inoculated with lung samples and samples from the bedding hay, two types of colony were recorded and identi ... | 1997 | 9447480 |
| extracellular ribonuclease from rhizopus stolonifer: characteristics of an atypical--guanylic acid preferential--enzyme from ribonuclease t2 family. | an extracellular ribonuclease from rhizopus stolonifer (designated as rnase rs) was purified to homogeneity by chromatography on deae-cellulose followed by cm-cellulose. the mr of the purified enzyme determined by gel filtration and sds-page is 25,000 and 28,200, respectively. rnase rs is a glycoprotein and contains 10.5% neutral sugar. it is an acidic protein with a pi of 5.0 and has a blocked n-terminus. the optimum ph and temperature are 5.5 and 45 degrees c, respectively. rnase rs shows high ... | 1998 | 9528662 |
| biological control of major postharvest pathogens on apple with candida sake. | epiphytic microorganisms isolated from apples, pears and the surfaces of apple leaves were screened for antagonistic activity against penicillium expansum (blue-mold), botrytis cinerea (gray-mold) and rhizopus nigricans (rhizopus rot) on apple (malus domestica). a total of 933 bacteria and yeasts were tested in primary screening against p. expansum. ninety-two strains reduced the lesion size on apples by more than 50%, 72 of which were isolated from the surface of apples. for secondary screening ... | 1998 | 9600605 |
| purification and characterization of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase from filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. | we report here the isolation and partial characterization of a flavoprotein, nadph-cytochrome p450 (cytochrome c) reductase. the enzyme is a part of steroid 11 alpha-hydroxylating system and is associated with the microsomal fraction of the fungus rhizopus nigricans. fungal reductase was solubilized from microsomal membranes with triton x-100 and purified to apparent homogeneity by affinity and high-performance ion-exchange chromatography. a 350-fold purification of the enzyme with specific acti ... | 1998 | 9735172 |
| cdna sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of a fungal stress protein induced in rhizopus nigricans by steroids. | cdna clone was isolated from lambdagt11 library prepared from rhizopus nigricans after growing the fungus in the presence of progesterone. northern blot analysis of total rna showed that expression of corresponding mrna was up-regulated in r. nigricans after treatment with different steroids and after exposure of the fungus to heat shock or osmotic stress. sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame for a 364-amino-acid polypeptide. the predicted amino acid sequence exhibited significant si ... | 1998 | 9784403 |
| studies on toxigenic fungi in roasted foodstuff (salted seed) and halotolerant activity of emodin-producing aspergillus wentii. | commercial roasted salted peanuts (3% nacl), popcorn (1% nacl), summer-squash (9% nacl), sunflower (3% nacl) and wild-melon (3% nacl) seeds are polluted with fungi, mostly aspergillus flavus, a. niger, penicillium chrysogenum, p. corylophilum and rhizopus stolonifer. contamination of popcorn with the fungi is about 10 times higher than in the other foods. these fungi, common also on unsalted seeds, are significantly inhibited in seeds (30% moisture content) treated with 9-21% nacl. the halotoler ... | 1998 | 9821293 |
| [aerosolized recombinant interferon-gamma prevent antigen-induced eosinophil recruitment in guinea pig trachea]. | in order to determine whether interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) inhibits eosinphil infiltration in the trachea of asthmatic guinea pigs induced by rhizopus nigricans. | 1997 | 10374454 |
| active site characterization of rnase rs from rhizopus stolonifer: involvement of histidine and lysine in catalysis and carboxylate in substrate binding. | chemical modification studies on purified rnase rs revealed the involvement of a single histidine, lysine and carboxylate residue in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. rna could not protect the enzyme against dep- and tnbs-mediated inactivation whereas, substrate protection was observed in case of edac-mediated inactivation of the enzyme. k(m) and k(cat) values of the partially inactivated enzyme samples suggested that while histidine and lysine are involved in catalysis, carboxylate is invol ... | 1999 | 10434056 |
| the biotransformation of ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid by rhizopus stolonifer. | microbial transformation of ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid was carried out with r. stolonifer. after seven days of incubation, two metabolites, ent-7 alpha-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid and ent-12 beta-hydroxy-kaur-9(11),16-dien-19-oic acid, were isolated as a result of hydroxylation and hydroxylation/dehydrogenation, respectively. incubation for 15 days also afforded ent-16 beta,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid. the metabolites were identified by spectroscopic methods. | 1999 | 10501025 |
| induction of hsp70 in the fungus rhizopus nigricans. | we characterised two positive clones, rnh20/2 and rnh2/3, isolated from the cdna library prepared from the fungus rhizopus nigricans previously exposed to heat shock. nucleotide sequences of both cdna clones contained open reading frames for polypeptides with a significant amino acid identity to each other and to cytoplasmic members of hsp70s from different eukaryotic organisms. northern blot analysis, using a fragment of rnh2/3 as a probe, revealed that in the fungus r. nigricans the hsp70 tran ... | 1999 | 10558896 |
| extracellular nuclease from rhizopus stolonifer: purification and characteristics of - single strand preferential - deoxyribonuclease activity. | an extracellular nuclease from rhizopus stolonifer (designated as nuclease rsn) was purified to homogeneity by chromatography on deae-cellulose followed by blue sepharose. the m(r) of the purified enzyme determined by native page was 67¿ omitted¿000 and it is a tetramer and each protomer consists of two unidentical subunits of m(r) 21¿ omitted¿000 and 13¿ omitted¿000. it is an acidic protein with a pi of 4.2 and is not a glycoprotein. the purified enzyme showed an obligate requirement of divalen ... | 1999 | 10594367 |
| isolation, partial length sequence and expression of steroid inducible hps 70 gene from rhizopus nigricans. | previous studies have shown that filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans responds to addition of different steroids into growth medium with induction of hydroxylation system and that some steroids provoke stress response. the purpose of this study was to investigate whether those steroids provoke induction of hsp70 gene(s), well studied markers of stress response in different cells and organisms. the expression studies of fungal hsp70 gene(s) using northern blot analysis showed that fungal hsp70 m ... | 2000 | 10653154 |
| comparison of two monooxygenase systems with cytochrome p450 in filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. | besides the progesterone inducible steroid hydroxylase which catalyses the transformation of progesterone to 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone the presence of another monooxygenase system in filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans (r. nigricans)--lanosterol demethylase was confirmed. lanosterol demethylase was not inducible with progesterone. after subcellular fractionation both monooxygenase systems were found in microsomal fraction of fungus r. nigricans. to find out how to differentiate between the h ... | 2000 | 10653158 |
| purification of cytochrome p450 from filamentous fungus rhyzopus nigricans. | it has been reported in our previous studies that steroid hydroxylation system of rhizopus nigricans involves cytochrome p450 and nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase in the electron transport system. both enzymes are membrane bound and are located in the microsomal preparations of progesterone induced fungal mycelia. in order to identify and characterize the cytochrome p450 component of fungal monoxygenase system, microsomal proteins from induced mycelia were subjected to high q anion exchange and m ... | 2000 | 10653160 |
| characterization of plasma membrane fraction from filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. | in the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans a steroid hydroxylating multienzyme system is inducible by progesterone and by several other steroids. the biological signal carried by progesterone might be mediated by receptors, located either in the plasma membrane or inside the cell. to elucidate the first possibility, plasma membrane fraction was examined for the presence of progesterone receptors. the isolation of plasma membrane from fungal homogenate containing different other membranes is di ... | 2000 | 10653169 |
| evaluation of the mycological status of luncheon meat with special reference to aflatoxigenic moulds and aflatoxin residues. | the luncheon meat samples analyzed, which were produced locally by the two main luncheon meat producing companies in egypt were relatively highly contaminated either by moulds and yeasts in general, aflatoxigenic species and aflatoxin residues in particular. the most frequently encountered fungi from the samples were yeasts, aspergillus niger, a. flavus, penicillium chrysogenum, rhizopus stolonifer, mucor circinelloides. less common were cladosporium sphaerospermum, alternaria alternata, mycosph ... | 1999 | 10823186 |
| biotransformation of methyl ent-17-hydroxy-16beta-kauran-19-oate by rhizopus stolonifer. | methyl ent-17-hydroxy-16beta-kauran-19-oate was fed to a 2-day-old culture of the fungus rhizopus stolonifer, fermenting at room temperature (25 degrees c) in an orbital shaker (21). after 11 days, both broth and mycelia were extracted with ethyl acetate. two novel compounds were isolated from this experiment: methyl ent-9alpha,17-dihydroxy-16beta-kauran-19-oate and methyl ent-7alpha,17-dihydroxy-16beta-kauran-19-oate. their structures were fully confirmed by spectroscopic methods. | 2000 | 10855722 |
| thermochemical studies of the toxic actions of heavy metal ions on rhizopus nigricans. | by using a lkb2277 bioactivity monitor (heat conduction microcalorimeter), stopped-flow method, the thermogenetic curves of rhizopus nigricans growth at 25 degrees c inhibited by four kinds of heavy metal ions are determined, parameters such as growth rate constants k, inhibitory ratio i, half inhibitory concentration ic50 et al. are obtained. the experimental results show that heavy metal ions can inhibit rhizopus nigricans growth obviously, low concentration of cu2+ has promoting action. the i ... | 1999 | 10903119 |
| antifungal effects of hydrolysable tannins and related compounds on dermatophytes, mould fungi and yeasts. | a series of hydrolysable tannins and related compounds was evaluated for antifungal activities against filamentous fungi (epidermophyton floccosum; microsporum canis; microsporum gypseum; trichophyton mentagrophytes; trichophyton rubrum; trichophyton tonsurans; trichophyton terrestre; penicillium italicum; aspergillus fumigatus; mucor racemosus; rhizopus nigricans) and opportunistic yeasts (candida albicans; candida glabrata; candidata krusei; cryptococcus neoformans), using the agar dilution me ... | 2000 | 10928561 |
| microcalorimetric investigation of the toxic action of cd(2+) on rhizopus nigricans growth. | the microcalorimetric bioassay for acute cellular toxicity is based on metabolic heat production from cultured cells. microcalorimetry is a quantitative, inexpensive, and versatile method for toxicology research. the biological response to toxicants is the inhibition of the heat production rate in cells and toxicity is expressed as the concentration of toxicant that is 50% effective in this inhibition (ic(50)). in this paper, the effect of cd(2+) on rhizopus nigricans growth was investigated at ... | 2000 | 10989139 |
| g-protein coupled progesterone receptors in the plasma membrane of fungus rhizopus nigricans. | we have demonstrated simultaneous existence of progesterone receptors and gtpase activity in the membranes prepared from the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. the results obtained with pertussis toxin treated fungal mycelium suggest that these receptors do not couple to gi-go-proteins and play a role in the induction of steroid hydroxylating enzyme system by steroid substrates in the fungus. | 2000 | 11005662 |
| optimization of the solid state fermentation process to obtain tempeh from hardened chickpeas (cicer arietinum l.). | solid state fermentation (ssf) represents a technological alternative for a great variety of cereals and legumes, or combination of them, to improve their nutritional quality and to obtain edible products with palatable sensorial characteristics. the objective of this work was to find the best conditions of fermentation temperature and time to obtain tempeh from hardened chickpeas (cicer arietinum l.) applying ssf. response surface methodology (rsm) was applied over three response variables (phy ... | 2000 | 11030476 |
| regioselective enzymatic acylations of polyhydroxylated eudesmanes: semisynthesis, theoretical calculations, and biotransformation of cyclic sulfites. | different lipase enzymes have been tested in order to perform regioselective acetylations on the eudesmane tetrol from vulgarin. high yields (95%) of 1,12-diacetoxy derivative (4) were achieved in 1 h with candida antarctica lipase (cal). however, only the 12-acetyl derivative (6) was obtained in similar yield with mucor miehei (mml) or candida cylindracea (ccl) lipases. the enzymatic protection at c-1 and c-12 has been used to form eudesmane cyclic-sulfites between c-6 and c-4 atoms. the r/s-su ... | 2000 | 11101376 |
| characterization of fungal 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. | to promote understanding of the evolution of the steroid hormone signalling and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (hsds), comparative characterization of fungal 17beta-hsds was performed. constitutive 17beta-hsd activity was determined in cytosols of the fungi: cochliobolus lunatus, pleospora herbarum, fusarium lini, trichoderma viride, mucor spinosus, rhizopus nigricans and pleurotus ostreatus. the reaction equilibrium in all species except p. ostreatus was shifted towards reduction. the preferenti ... | 2000 | 11126752 |
| ribonuclease rs from rhizopus stolonifer: lowering of optimum temperature in the presence of urea. | rnase rs showed an approx. 2-fold increase in its activity when incubated in the presence of 2 m urea at 37 degrees c. the increase in its activity, in the presence of urea, was comparable to the activity at its optimum temperature, i.e. 45 degrees c. compared to the native enzyme at 37 degrees c, the k(m) and v(max) of rnase rs at 45 degrees c and in the presence of 2 m urea at 37 degrees c showed an increase while k(cat)/k(m) decreased. arrhenius plots in the presence and absence of urea showe ... | 2001 | 11342027 |
| biosorption of cr (vi) from aqueous solution by rhizopus nigricans. | the study was aimed to quantify the cr sorption ability of powdered biomass of rhizopus nigricans at the best operating conditions. the influence of solution ph, agitation, cr (vi) concentration, biomass dosage, contact time, biomass particle size and temperature were studied. the optimum ph for biosorption of cr (vi) was found to be 2.0. higher adsorption percentage was noted at lower initial concentrations of cr ions, while the adsorption capacity of the biomass increased with increasing conce ... | 2001 | 11396911 |
| microbial transformation of pyrethrosin. | microbial transformation of the germacranolide pyrethrosin (1) using rhizopus nigricans nrrl 1477 has resulted in the isolation of 6 alpha-acetoxy-1 beta,4 alpha-dihydroxy-5,7 alpha h,8 beta h-eudesm-11 beta,13-dihydro-8,12-olide (5), a new eudesmanolide-type metabolite, in addition to the previously reported eudesmanolides: 2, 3, 4, and 6. the structure elucidation of these metabolites was based primarily on 1d and 2d nmr analyses. the isolated metabolites exhibited cytotoxic, antifungal, and a ... | 2001 | 11520238 |
| functional cloning, based on azole resistance in saccharomyces cerevisiae, and characterization of rhizopus nigricans redox carriers that are differentially involved in the p450-dependent response to progesterone stress. | the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans responds to treatment with progesterone by inducing p450-associated redox carriers. selection for azole resistance following expression of a cdna library constructed with rna from progesterone-treated r. nigricans in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae led to the identification of cpr1-fl and cyb5-1 cdnas, which code for functionally competent nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase and cytochrome b5, respectively. the central region (cpr2-cs) of an additional re ... | 2001 | 11523811 |
| microbiological oxygenation of bridgehead azabicycloalkanes. | a series of n-substituted bridgehead azabicycloalkanes has been prepared and examined as substrates for microbiological oxygenation using the fungi beauveria bassiana, rhizopus nigricans, aspergillus ochraceus, and rhizopus arrhizus. oxygenation using b. bassiana of n-tosyl-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane gave n-[p-(hydroxymethyl)benzenesulfonyl]-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (56% yield), of n-(phenyloxycarbonyl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane gave the 2-endo-ol (56% yield, 51% ee), of n-boc-7-azabicyclo[2. ... | 1997 | 11671535 |
| structurally novel bioconversion products of the marine natural product sarcophine effectively inhibit jb6 cell transformation. | sarcophytol a (1) and b (2) (see chart 1) are cembrane-type diterpenes known to inhibit tumor promotion. indicative of this inhibitory response, we currently report sarcophytol a (1) mediates dose-dependent diminution of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (tpa)-induced transformation of jb6 cells. moreover, a structurally related furanocembrane diterpene, sarcophine (3), isolated in good yield from the red sea soft coral sarcophyton glaucum, was also found to serve as an effective inhibitor of ... | 1998 | 11672397 |
| biological control of postharvest pear diseases using a bacterium, pantoea agglomerans cpa-2. | epiphytic microorganisms isolated from the fruits and leaf surfaces of apples and pears were screened for antagonistic activity against penicillium expansum on pears. from 247 microorganisms tested for antagonistic properties against p. expansum, a bacterium strain identified as pantoea agglomerans (cpa-2) was selected. this bacterium was very effective against botrytis cinerea, p. expansum and rhizopus stolonifer. complete control at the three tested concentrations (2 x 10(7), 8 x 10(7) and 1 x ... | 2001 | 11759762 |
| control of post-harvest decay of apples by pre-harvest and post-harvest application of ammonium molybdate. | ammonium molybdate was tested as a potential fungicide for use in apples (cv golden delicious) against blue and grey mould, important post-harvest diseases of pome fruits. in tests in vivo at 20 degrees c, ammonium molybdate (15 mm) reduced lesion diameters of penicillium expansum, botrytis cinerea and rhizopus stolonifer by 84%, 88% and 100% respectively. when apples treated with ammonium molybdate were stored at 1 degree c for three months, a significant reduction in severity and incidence of ... | 2001 | 11802595 |
| microbiological conversion of a beta- and gamma-eudesmol mixture by rhizopus. | a mixture of beta- and gamma-eudesmols was microbiologically biotransformed by rhizopus stolonifer atcc 6227. positions-2 and 3, in both substrates, proved to be accessible by hydroxylase enzyme. four different metabolites were isolated and their structures were elucidated by different spectroscopic methods. the structures of these metabolites were established as eudesma-3-en-2 beta,11-diol; eudesma-4-en-3 beta,11-diol; eudesma-4(15)-en-2 beta,11-diol and eudesma-4(15)-en-3 beta,11-diol. | 2002 | 11836934 |
| post-harvest biological control by pantoea agglomerans (cpa-2) on golden delicious apples. | to investigate the potential of pantoea agglomerans to control the major post-harvest diseases on golden delicious apples. | 2002 | 11849352 |
| studies on enhancement of cr(vi) biosorption by chemically modified biomass of rhizopus nigricans. | this study reports the biosorption of cr(vi) by chemically modified biomass of rhizopus nigricans and the possible mechanism of cr complexation to the adsorbent. the cell wall of this fungus possesses strong complexing property to effectively remove cr(vi) anions from solution and wastewater. the mechanism of cr adsorption by r. nigricans was ascertained by chemical modifications of the dead biomass followed by ftir spectroscopic analysis of the cell wall constituents. treatment of the biosorben ... | 2002 | 11902777 |
| improvement of candida sake biocontrol activity against post-harvest decay by the addition of ammonium molybdate. | to improve the efficacy of candida sake by adding ammonium molybdate to control post-harvest decay in golden delicious apples. | 2002 | 11972698 |
| gibberellin and auxin-indole production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction. | rhizosphere and rhizoplane of fababean (vicia faba), melochia (corchorus olitorius), sesame (sesamum indicum) and soyabean (glycine max) plants are inhabited with fungi, mostly aspergillus flavus, a. niger, fusarium oxysporum, penicillium corylophilum, p. cyclopium, p. funiculosum and rhizopus stolonifer. all fungal species have the ability to produce gibberellin (ga) but f. oxysporum was found to produce both ga and indole-acetic acid (iaa). the optimum period for ga and iaa production by f. ox ... | 2002 | 12073817 |
| membrane-bound progesterone receptors coupled to g proteins in the fungus rhizopus nigricans. | steroid binding sites with high affinity for progesterone (kd=40+/-14 nm determined by binding, and kd=71+/-22 nm determined by displacement studies) and lower affinity for 21-hydroxyprogesterone and for testosterone, but no affinity for estradiol-17beta, onapristone and alpha-naphthoflavone were detected in the enriched plasma membrane fraction of the fungus rhizopus nigricans. the amount of steroid binding sites is in accordance with the value of b(max)=744+/-151 fmol (mg protein)(-1). in the ... | 2002 | 12127495 |
| in vitro efficacy of plant volatiles for inhibiting the growth of fruit and vegetable decay microorganisms. | the effects of acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, ethanol, benzyl alcohol, nerolidol, 2-nonanone, beta-ionone, and ethyl formate vapors on the growth of rhizopus stolonifer, penicillium digitatum, colletotrichum musae, erwinia carotovora, and pseudomonas aeruginosa on agar medium were evaluated. the aldehydes were found to be the strongest growth inhibitors and the most lethal to the fungal spores and mycelia and bacterial cells. the average minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of a ... | 2002 | 12381119 |
| high-oxygen and high-carbon dioxide containing atmospheres inhibit growth of food associated moulds. | the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the growth of three foodborne fungi and high-oxygen modified atmosphere. | 2002 | 12390493 |
| catalytic and immunochemical properties of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase from fungus rhizopus nigricans. | flavoprotein nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr, ec 1.6.2.4) from filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans is a membrane bound enzyme which is involved in the reduction of cytochrome p450 during the hydroxylation of progesterone at 11alpha position. after purification of the enzyme from induced mycelia three forms of fungal cpr were detected on sds-page: a predominant form with an apparent molecular mass of 78kda and two truncated forms. n-terminal sequences of all three forms were determined as ... | 2002 | 12429143 |
| ethylene insensitivity impairs resistance to soilborne pathogens in tobacco and arabidopsis thaliana. | transgenic ethylene-insensitive tobacco (tetr) plants spontaneously develop symptoms of wilting and stem necrosis when grown in nonautoclaved soil. fusarium oxysporum, f. solani, thielaviopsis basicola, rhizopus stolonifer, and two pythium spp. were isolated from these diseased tetr plants and demonstrated to be causal agents of the disease symptoms. pathogenicity of the two pythium isolates and four additional pythium spp. was tested on ethylene-insensitive tobacco and arabidopsis seedlings. in ... | 2002 | 12437306 |
| use of bioconversion for the preparation of [4-14c]-labeled 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxylated derivatives of dehydroepiandrosterone and epiandrosterone. | the 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxylated derivatives of [4-14c]-dehydroepiandrosterone were prepared with use of the yeast-expressed human cytochrome p4507b1. epiandrosterone (epia), 5 alpha-androstane-3beta,17 beta-diol, and 5 alpha-androstane-3,17-dione were obtained after incubation of [4-14c]-5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone with escherichia coli-expressed (3beta,17 beta)-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from pseudomonas testosteroni. the 7 alpha- and 7 beta-hydroxylated derivatives of [4-14c]-epia produ ... | 2002 | 12441198 |
| [an immunoregulatory effect of endoglucanase preparations on plant resistance to fungal infections]. | effects of enzymatic preparations--pectomacerin, hemicellulase, and trichoderma viride 13/10 cellulase--on the plant immunological status were studied by examples of the pathosystems carrot root-white rot agent (sclerotinia libertiana) and carrot root-black rot agent (rhizopus nigricans). it was demonstrated that these preparations reduced the damage of infections, namely, decreased the permeability of cell membranes in infected tissue and stimulated its defense responses, which manifested itsel ... | 2002 | 12449800 |
| fungal flora of human toe webs. | a total of 100 young adults (67 males and 33 females) participated in the study. clinical evaluation showed that only 10 of the volunteers showed some scaling, fissuring and peeling of the toe webs. four of these complained of occasional itching. fourteen different genera of fungi were recovered from 78 of the 100 youths screened. yeasts were recovered from 21 (27%) of the positive cases, nondermatophytes from 38 (49%) and dermatophytes from 19 (24%). microsporum gypseum was the most commonly re ... | 2002 | 12472726 |
| mixed culture optimization for marigold flower ensilage via experimental design and response surface methodology. | endogenous microorganisms isolated from the marigold flower (tagetes erecta) were studied to understand the events taking place during its ensilage. studies of the cellulase enzymatic activity and the ensilage process were undertaken. in both studies, the use of approximate second-order models and multiple lineal regression, within the context of an experimental mixture design using the response surface methodology as optimization strategy, determined that the microorganisms flavobacterium iib, ... | 2003 | 12670157 |
| studies on chromium(vi) adsorption-desorption using immobilized fungal biomass. | the aim of this study was to investigate the cr(vi) biosorption potential of immobilized rhizopus nigricans and to screen a variety of non-toxic desorbing agents, in order to find out possible application in multiple sorption-desorption cycles. the biomass was immobilized by various mechanisms and evaluated for removal of cr(vi) from aqueous solution, mechanical stability to desorbents, and reuse in successive cycles. the finely powdered biomass, entrapped in five different polymeric matrices vi ... | 2003 | 12733570 |
| microbial transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone. | transformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) (1) was carried out by a plant pathogen rhizopus stolonifer, which resulted in the production of seven metabolites. these metabolites were identified as 3beta,17beta-dihydroxyanandrost-5-ene (2), 3beta,17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4ene (3), 17beta-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3-one (4), 3beta,11-dihydroxyandrost-4-ene-17-one (5), 3beta,7alpha-dihydroandrost-5-ene-17-one (6), 3a,7alpha,17beta-trihydroxyandrost-5-ene (7) and 11beta-hydroxyandrost-4,6-diene-3,17-d ... | 2003 | 12737407 |
| antifungal activity of peppermint and sweet basil essential oils and their major aroma constituents on some plant pathogenic fungi from the vapor phase. | the vapors of peppermint oil and two of its major constituents (menthol and menthone), and sweet basil oil and two of its major constituents (linalool and eugenol), were tested against sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib.), rhizopus stolonifer (ehrenb. exfr.) vuill and mucor sp. (fisher) in a closed system. these fungi cause deterioration and heavy decay of peach fruit during marketing, shipping and storage. the essential oils, their major individual aroma constituents and blends of the major individu ... | 2003 | 12744290 |
| equilibrium unfolding of rnase rs from rhizopus stolonifer: ph dependence of chemical and thermal denaturation. | the conformational stability of rnase rs was determined with chemical and thermal denaturants over the ph range of 1-10. equilibrium unfolding with urea showed that values of d(1/2) (5.7 m) and deltag(h(2)o) (12.8 kcal/mol) were highest at ph 5.0, its pi and the maximum conformational stability of rnase rs was observed near ph 5.0. denaturation with guanidine hydrochloride (gdnhcl), at ph 5.0, gave similar values of deltag(h(2)o) although gdnhcl was 2-fold more potent denaturant with d(1/2) valu ... | 2003 | 12758161 |
| biological control of monilinia laxa and rhizopus stolonifer in postharvest of stone fruit by pantoea agglomerans eps125 and putative mechanisms of antagonism. | treatment of stone fruits (apricot, peach and nectarine) with pantoea agglomerans strain eps125 decreased the incidence and diameter of lesions of brown rot caused by monilinia laxa and soft rot caused by rhizopus stolonifer. root control was achieved on fruits either wounded and subsequently inoculated with the pathogens or non-wounded and naturally infected from orchards. the efficacy of biocontrol was dependent on the concentration of the biocontrol agent and pathogen. at medium to low pathog ... | 2003 | 12781959 |
| a new fungal lectin recognizing alpha(1-6)-linked fucose in the n-glycan. | in this report, we describe a new lectin from the fungus rhizopus stolonifer that agglutinates rabbit red blood cells. agglutinating activity was detected in the extract of mycelium-forming spores cultured on agar plates but not in the mycelium-forming no spores from liquid medium. this lectin, which we designated r. stolonifer lectin (rsl), was isolated by affinity chromatography with porcine stomach mucin-sepharose. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectral analysis showed that ... | 2003 | 12788923 |
| microbial transformation of ginsenoside rb1 by rhizopus stolonifer and curvularia lunata. | of 49 microbial strains screened for their capabilities to transform ginsenoside rb1, rhizopus stolonifer and curvularia lunata produced four key metabolites: 3-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-20-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-3beta,12beta, 20(s)-trihydroxydammar-24-ene (1), 3-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-20-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-3beta,12beta, 20(s)-trihydroxydammar-24-ol (2), 3-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-beta-d-glucopyranosyl]-3beta, 12beta, 20( ... | 2003 | 12882549 |
| improved microbiological hydroxylation of sesquiterpenoids: semisynthesis, structural determination and biotransformation studies of cyclic sulfite eudesmane derivatives. | two new cyclic sulfite eudesmane derivatives have been investigated. their (r) and (s) sulfur configuration and the structural arrangement of their "a" rings have been assigned by means of their 13c and 1h nmr chemical shifts and have been confirmed by single-crystal x-ray analyses. microbial-transformation of these epimer cyclic sulfites and their dihydroxyeudesmane precursor have been studied using the hydroxylating fungus rhizopus nigricans. increased biocatalysis rates and considerable diffe ... | 2003 | 12945703 |
| evaluation of aqueous moringa seed extract as a seed treatment biofungicide for groundnuts. | in a search for alternatives to currently used fungicides, the potential of aqueous moringa seed extract (amse) as a seed treatment was evaluated. seeds of groundnut, arachis hypogea l cv dakar, were soaked in amse at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g litre(-1) for 24 h. comparison was made with apron plus (metalaxyl+carboxin+furathiocarb), until recently a recommended seed-treatment chemical, and distilled water, which was the medium for extraction of moringa seeds. the results showed tha ... | 2003 | 12974360 |
| [use of rhizopus nigricans in biological tests; preliminary note]. | 1952 | 13121504 | |
| the mineral nutrition of rhizopus stolonifer. | 1957 | 13491800 | |
| continuous microbiological transformation of steroids. | continuous fermentation trials on the bioconversions of pregnadiene to pregnatriene by septomyxa affinis and progesterone to 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone by rhizopus nigricans were conducted successfully in an eight-stage pilot plant reactor. the first stage was used as the mycelial growth stage while the steroid solutions were added continuously to stage 2, thus using the remaining stages as conversion vessels. recoveries of 50 to 60% oxidized steroid (based on total steroid supplied) were obtai ... | 1961 | 13740999 |
| [observations on hydrotropism in rhizopus nigricans]. | 1959 | 13766172 | |
| [biological transformation of 16alpha,17alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone with the aid of the fungus rhizopus nigricans]. | 1962 | 13865059 | |
| survey of selected filamentous fungi for voges-proskauer reactions. | of 16 filamentous fungi surveyed for voges-proskauer reactants, 81.2% were found to be positive. the total group fell into three classes: those producing considerable acetylmethylcarbinol (amc), those producing a small amount, and those producing no amc. oidium lactis had a highly significant effect upon lowering the amount of voges-proskauer reactants produced by rhizopus nigricans. | 1962 | 13945071 |
| ballistic disruption of penicillium chrysogenum cells. | the use of glass beads in a high-speed mixing device to rupture organisms was applied to molds. the use of a mixer in which the propellor shaft enters from the top into a metal mixing chamber made it possible to immerse the whole device in a salt water and ice mixture so that the temperature of the glass-bead slurry could be kept below 5 c without difficulty. mycelia, glass beads, and buffer in a 1:2:3 (w/w) ratio gave above 95% breakage in 15 min with penicillium chrysogenum cells and in 4 min ... | 1962 | 13952345 |
| recovery of gamma irradiated rhizopus stolonifer sporangiospores during autoinhibition of germination. | 1963 | 13978189 | |
| submicroscopic morphology of rhizopus nigricans. | 1963 | 14061859 | |
| zinc stimulation of rna and protein synthesis in rhizopus nigricans. | addition of 1.7 x 10-(5)m zinc sulfate to cultures of rhizopus nigricans increases growth and substrate utilization. analysis of cells during the course of growth, after addition of the metal, showed that there was an immediate increase in rna, followed by a corresponding increase in protein and cell mass. the dna content was affected to a lesser extent. it is postulated that zn(++) stimulates growth through a primary effect on rna synthesis. | 1963 | 14075699 |
| control of isocitratase formation in rhizopus nigricans. | wegener, warner s. (university of cincinnati, cincinnati, ohio), and antonio h. romano. control of isocitratase formation in rhizopus nigricans. j. bacteriol. 87:156-161. 1964.-a fumaric acid-producing strain of rhizopus nigricans was found to produce a fair level of isocitratase in a casein hydrolysate medium. glucose repressed enzyme formation. when glucose was utilized during growth, there was a relief of repression, and enzyme synthesis was resumed at a rate equivalent to that found in nonre ... | 1964 | 14102849 |
| some factors influencing the efficiency of production of acetylmethylcarbinol by rhizopus nigricans. | incubation time had no effect on the efficiency ratio [dry weight-acetylmethylcarbinol (amc)] during the incubation times tested. the mycelium was more efficient in synthetic media at ph 3 and 4 than at ph 5 and 6. mycelium also produced amc more efficiently in apple juice and in synthetic media containing yeast extract or vitamins, especially thiamine. kcl, mgso(4), and kh(2)po(4) had significant suppressing effects on amc production in a synthetic medium. | 1964 | 14131362 |
| an oxygen-dependent postirradiation restoration of rhizopus stolonifer sporangiospores. | 1964 | 14157357 | |
| [the notion of apical dominance in rhizopus nigricans ehrenberg]. | 1961 | 14462470 | |
| molecular characterization of a ribosome-associated hsp70-homologous gene from rhizopus nigricans. | a ribosome-associated hsp70-homologous gene (rnssb-1) was isolated from the genomic library of the filamentous zygomycete fungus rhizopus nigricans. the nucleotide sequence of a genomic clone encoded the n-terminal part of a protein with high similarity to the yeast ssb ribosome-associated chaperones. the missing 3' end of the gene was obtained by 3' race. the northern blot analysis showed that the rnssb-1 gene is constitutively expressed and is not induced upon heat shock at 37 degrees c. the p ... | 2003 | 14522086 |
| microbial transformation of cortisol and prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory activity of its transformed products. | incubation of cortisol (1) with gibberella fujikuruoi for 12 days yielded an oxidatively cleaved product, 11beta-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3,17-dione (2), while incubation with bacillus subtilis and rhizopus stolonifer yielded the reduced product, 11beta, 17alpha,20,21-tetrahydroxy-(20s)-pregn-4-en-3-one (3). other reduced products, 11beta, 17alpha, 21-trihydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-3, 20-dione (4) and 3beta, 11beta, 17alpha, 21-tetrahydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one (5) were obtained by incubation of compound ... | 2003 | 14577687 |
| mould specific igg antibodies connected with sinusitis in teachers of mould damaged school: a two-year follow-up study. | the aim of this study was to describe the relationship between mould exposure induced by moisture damage and mould specific immunoglobulin g antibodies to 20 common mould species and their association with respiratory diseases. | 2003 | 14587535 |
| biotransformation of ent-13-epi-manoyl oxides difunctionalized at c-3 and c-12 by filamentous fungi. | biotransformation of ent-3beta,12alpha-dihydroxy-13-epi-manoyl oxide with fusarium moniliforme gave the regioselective oxidation of the hydroxyl group at c-3 and the ent-7beta-hydroxylation. the action of gliocladium roseum in the 3,12-diketoderivative originated monohydroxylations at c-1 and c-7, both by the ent-beta face, while rhizopus nigricans produced hydroxylation at c-7 or c-18, epoxidation of the double bond, reduction of the keto group at c-3, and combined actions as biohydroxylation a ... | 2004 | 14697276 |
| fungi, aflatoxins, and cyclopiazonic acid associated with peanut retailing in botswana. | peanuts are important food commodities, but they are susceptible to fungal infestation and mycotoxin contamination. raw peanuts were purchased from retail outlets in botswana and examined for fungi and mycotoxin (aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid) contamination. zygomycetes were the most common fungi isolated; they accounted for 41% of all the isolates and were found on 98% of the peanut samples. among the zygomycetes, absidia corymbifera and rhizopus stolonifer were the most common. aspergillus ... | 2004 | 14717358 |
| isolation and characterisation of resistant-to-fermentation carbohydrate polymers from cultures of rhizopus nigricans grown on agrofood waste materials. | rhizopus nigricans was cultivated in a liquid medium using lemon, mandarin, orange, pear and melon peel or artichoke bracts as the carbon source. in all cultures, a carbohydrate polymer fraction remained resistant to fermentation. these fractions were isolated in gram amounts and characterised. the molecular weight distribution of the fractions and its sugar composition resembles those of the hairy-regions of the pectins. in the fractions, four main carbohydrates were found: 4-7 mol% rha, 42-59 ... | 2003 | 14719820 |
| chemotropism in rhizopus nigricans; the staling reaction. | 1952 | 14938407 | |
| quantitative evaluation of antifungal activity of metallic oxide powders (mgo, cao and zno) by an indirect conductimetric assay. | to evaluate antifungal activities of mgo, cao and zno powders quantitatively by indirect conductimetric assay. | 2004 | 15012819 |
| nuclease rsn from rhizopus stolonifer: specificity and mode of action. | nuclease rsn from rhizopus stolonifer catalyzes the hydrolysis of ss- and dsdna in a ratio of approximately 2:1. time course of 3' and 5' terminal analysis of the hydrolytic products of ss- and dsdna showed that nuclease rsn does not show any strict base preference and cleaves dna in a non-specific manner. moreover, separation of the hydrolytic products of ss- and dsdna in the presence of mg2+, mn2+ or co2+ showed the predominance of tetra-, tri-, and dinucleotides followed by mononucleotides, s ... | 2004 | 15047178 |
| molecular characterization of genes encoding cytosolic hsp70s in the zygomycete fungus rhizopus nigricans. | previous studies have shown that some stressors, including steroid hormones 21-oh progesterone and testosterone, stimulate the accumulation of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) population in the zygomycete filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. in this study we report the cloning of 3 r nigricans hsp70 genes (rnhsp70-1, rnhsp70-2, and rnhsp70-3) encoding cytosolic hsp70s. with a southern blot experiment under high stringency conditions we did not detect any addition ... | 2003 | 15115284 |
| survival of spores of rhizopus stolonifer, aspergillus niger, botrytis cinerea and alternaria alternata after exposure to ethanol solutions at various temperatures. | to quantify and model the toxicity of brief exposures of spores of rhizopus stolonifer, aspergillus niger, botrytis cinerea and alternaria alternata to heated, aqueous ethanol solutions. these fungi are common postharvest decay pathogens of fresh grapes and other produce. sanitation of produce reduces postharvest losses caused by these and other pathogens. | 2004 | 15139929 |
| airborne viable, non-viable, and allergenic fungi in a rural agricultural area of india: a 2-year study at five outdoor sampling stations. | the information on airborne allergenic fungal flora in rural agricultural areas is largely lacking. adequate information is not available to the bioaerosol researchers regarding the choice of single versus multiple sampling stations for the monitoring of both viable and non-viable airborne fungi. there is no long-term study estimating the ratios of viable and non-viable fungi in the air and earlier studies did not focus on the fractions of airborne allergenic fungi with respect to the total airb ... | 2004 | 15142771 |
| identification of fungal diseases associated with imported wheat in iranian silos. | in this study, imported wheat varieties used for cookies and bread making were evaluated for the presence of fungal diseases in the silos. grain samples were taken and cultured on nutrient agar medium and sterile papers impregnated with nutrient. the results showed the presence of pathogenic fungi such as ulocladium sp., cladosporium sp., alternaria sp., rhizopus nigricans, penicillium sp. and trichothecium sp. in varieties from australian, mucor sp., r. nigricans, fusarium sp., a. triticum, hel ... | 2003 | 15151286 |
| an optimization study of solid-state fermentation: xanthophylls extraction from marigold flowers. | marigold flowers are the main natural source of xanthophylls, and marigold saponified extract is used as an additive in several food and pharmaceutical industries. in this work, the use of a solid-state fermentation (ensilage) process for increasing the yield of xanthophylls extracted from fermented marigold flowers was examined. the process consisted of a mixed culture of three microorganisms (flavobacterium iib, acinetobacter anitratus, and rhizopus nigricans), part of the normal microbiota as ... | 2004 | 15156296 |
| characterisation and expression of a gene encoding a mutarotase from the fungus rhizopus nigricans. | a gene coding for a mutarotase was isolated and characterised from the filamentous fungus rhizopus nigricans. in order to determine the encoded enzyme's activity a recombinant protein was prepared in the baculovirus expression system and the mutarotase activity was determined. expression studies showed that the gene is repressed by high as well as low concentrations of glucose and derepressed during deficiency of glucose. besides the regulation at the level of transcription, an accelerative effe ... | 2004 | 15158268 |
| improving xanthophyll extraction from marigold flower using cellulolytic enzymes. | in this work is studied the effect of a noncommercial enzyme preparation on xanthophyll extraction from marigold flower (tagetes erecta). the enzymatic extract was synthesized by endogenous microorganisms previously isolated and identified as flavobacterium iib, acinetobacter anitratus, and rhizopus nigricans. the results show that the extraction yield depends directly on the extent of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cell walls in the flower petals and that it is possible to reach yields in excess o ... | 2004 | 15161204 |