Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| detection of sugarcane bacilliform virus in sugarcane germplasm. | sugarcane bacilliform virus (scbv), a badnavirus was found in sugarcane genotypes of saccharum officinarum l., s. barberi jesw., s. sinense roxb., s. robustum brand and jesw., and saccharum hybrids. in most of the suspected genotypes the virus was found associated with clear foliar symptoms. however, certain symptom-free clones carried the virus too. the virus was detected by immuno-electron microscopy (iem) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in suspected clones. the virions measured ... | 1996 | 8886091 |
| [comparison of ciliate diversity in biodisc reactors which purify industrial wastewater]. | the comparative study of the ciliate populations present in rotating biological reactors (biodiscs reactors) of 20 l working volume, treating three different wastewaters is the aim of this project. wastewaters chosen were those of a maize mill, of a sugarcane/ethyl alcohol plant, and of a recycled paper mill. its dissolved organic contents, measured as soluble chemical oxygen demand (cod) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (bod5), were 2040 mg cod/l and 585 mg bod5/l for maize mill effluents ... | 1995 | 8900568 |
| random-amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis shows intraspecies differences among xanthomonas albilineans strains. | five strains of xanthomonas albilineans, causal agent of leaf scald disease in sugarcane from various geographical regions, were compared using random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) to determine whether they could be differentiated at the dna level. cscl-purified genomic dna from these strains were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using arbitrary 10-mer primers according to standard rapd conditions and the amplification product profiles analysed by conventional agarose g ... | 1996 | 8987711 |
| contexts and patterns of men's commercial sexual partnerships in northeastern thailand: implications for aids prevention. | results of an exploratory research project elaborating the contexts, patterns and specific scenarios of the commercial sexual activity of northeastern thai men are reported. data were collected using face-to-face surveys, focus groups, key informant interviews and observations in 32 northeastern villages (n = 744 men), 18 migrant labour camps housing sugarcane workers (n = 219 men), and five cattlemarkets in northeast thailand. fifty percent of married men and 43% of single men had visited femal ... | 1997 | 9015873 |
| structure of the repeating oligosaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium acetobacter diazotrophicus strain pal 5. | acetobacter diazotrophicus is an acid-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacterium found in roots, rhizosphere, stems, and leaves of sugar cane (saccharum officinarum) cultivated in brazil. the o-polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of the root isolate strain pal 5 has been determined by a combination of methylation analysis and two-dimensional high field nmr spectroscopy. the pentasaccharide repeat has the structure: [formula: see text] minor resonances in the nmr spectra are consistent with the pr ... | 1997 | 9098959 |
| sequence comparison of the 3'-terminal parts of the rna of four german isolates of sugarcane mosaic potyvirus (scmv). | the 3'-termini of the genome of four german isolates of sugarcane mosaic potyvirus (scmv) were cloned and sequenced. the sequence data covered the 3' non-coding region (3'ncr), coat protein and part of the nuclear inclusion b (nib) genes of the isolates. comparisons of the sequences revealed that the investigated isolates are very closely related. an alignment of the predicted coat protein amino acid sequences of the german isolates with sequence data for other members of the scmv subgroup, in p ... | 1997 | 9170496 |
| cholesterol-lowering effect of policosanol on rabbits with hypercholesterolaemia induced by a wheat starch-casein diet. | the effect of policosanol, a mixture of high-molecular-weight aliphatic alcohols isolated from sugarcane wax, on casein-induced hypercholesterolaemia in rabbits was studied. when policosanol was administered by the oral route once daily for 30 d (50 mg/kg) the increases in plasma total cholesterol and ldl-cholesterol (ldc-c) were significantly reduced when compared with the control group. the incorporation of 3h2o into sterols in the liver was significantly depressed, suggesting inhibition of he ... | 1997 | 9227189 |
| the gene for albicidin detoxification from pantoea dispersa encodes an esterase and attenuates pathogenicity of xanthomonas albilineans to sugarcane. | albicidin phytotoxins are pathogenicity factors in a devastating disease of sugarcane known as leaf scald, caused by xanthomonas albilineans. a gene (albd) from pantoea dispersa has been cloned and sequenced and been shown to code for a peptide of 235 amino acids that detoxifies albicidin. the gene shows no significant homology at the dna or protein level to any known sequence, but the gene product contains a gxsxg motif that is conserved in serine hydrolases. the albd protein, purified to homog ... | 1997 | 9275238 |
| effect of policosanol on in vitro and in vivo rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation. | policosanol, a defined mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic alcohol isolated and purified from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum, l) wax is a new cholesterol-lowering agent effective in experimental models, healthy volunteers, and patients with type ii hypercholesterolemia. also, policosanol prevents the onset of spontaneously- and experimentally-induced atherosclerotic lesions and cerebral ischemia in mongolian gerbils. free radicals are linked to many diseases including atherosclerosis a ... | 1997 | 9291630 |
| comparative mapping of andropogoneae: saccharum l. (sugarcane) and its relation to sorghum and maize. | comparative genetic maps of papuan saccharum officinarum l. (2n = 80) and s. robustum (2n = 80) were constructed by using single-dose dna markers (sdms). sdm-framework maps of s. officinarum and s. robustum were compared with genetic maps of sorghum and maize by way of anchor restriction fragment length polymorphism probes. the resulting comparisons showed striking colinearity between the sorghum and saccharum genomes. there were no differences in marker order between s. officinarum and sorghum. ... | 1997 | 9405600 |
| high affinity binding of albicidin phytotoxins by the alba protein from klebsiella oxytoca. | albicidins are a family of phytotoxins and antibiotics which play an important role in the pathogenesis of sugarcane leaf scald disease. the alba gene from klebsiella oxytoca encodes a protein which inactivates albicidin by heat-reversible binding. albicidin ligand binding to a recombinant alba protein, purified by means of a glutathione s-transferase gene fusion system, is an almost instant and saturable reaction. kinetic and stoichiometric analysis of the binding reaction indicated the presenc ... | 1998 | 9493391 |
| sequence diversity in the nib coding region of eight sugarcane mosaic potyvirus isolates infecting sugarcane in australia. | we have sequenced the nib coding region of sugarcane mosaic potyvirus strain sc (scmv-sc) and eight field isolates of scmv from australia. this region comprised 1563 nucleotides and encoded a putative protein of 521 amino acids containing the consensus motif gdd. the protease cleavage sites between the nia/nib and the nib/coat protein were found to be q/c and q/a, respectively. the scmv sequences were most similar to sorghum mosaic potyvirus with identities of 70% and 78% at the nucleotide and a ... | 1996 | 9526537 |
| effect of policosanol on arterial blood pressure in rats. study of the pharmacological interaction with nifedipine and propranolol. | policosanol is a natural mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from sugar cane wax (saccharum officinarum, l) with cholesterol-lowering effects demonstrated in experimental models and in patients with type ii hyperlipoproteinemia. the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of policosanol on arterial blood pressure and its interaction with propranolol and nifedipine. | 1998 | 9556918 |
| study on the hydrolyzate of sugarcane bagasse to ethanol by fermentation. | study of glucose and xylose utilization by pichia stipitis in a limited oxygen supply condition revealed that the rate of glucose utilization decreased rapidly while that of xylose decreased slowly until the time that glucose and xylose were shown to level out, at which point the rate of xylose utilization increased rapidly. based on the results, ethanol fermentation technology in continuous connective tower fermenters was advanced, e.g., fermentation by p. stipitis in an airlift loop tower focu ... | 1997 | 9631261 |
| continuous ethanol production from sugarcane molasses using a column reactor of immobilized saccharomyces cerevisiae hau-1. | a fermentation system for the continuous ethanol production from sucrose and molasses using calcium alginate immobilized saccharomyces cerevisiae strain hau-1 has been optimised. immobilization of active yeast cells (30%, w/v) was accomplished in 1.5% calcium alginate and these yeast-beads were employed for ethanol production in a vertical column reactor. high ethanol productivity was achieved with a medium containing 10%, w/v sucrose at a dilution rate of 0.20 h-1. alginate beads containing 30- ... | 1998 | 9637012 |
| sequence diversity in the coat protein coding region of twelve sugarcane mosaic potyvirus isolates from australia, usa and south africa. | we have sequenced the coat protein (cp) coding region of 11 field isolates of scmv from australia, usa and south africa. the differences between the nucleotide sequences of the isolates was 0.2 to 4.1% and the encoded amino acid sequences differed by 0.0 to 3.5%. phylogenetic analysis of the cp coding sequences of the scmv isolates and the related potyviruses scmv-mdb, jgmv, srmv, mdmv-a and pvy showed that the scmv isolates formed a tightly clustered group, with scmv-mdb forming a separate bran ... | 1998 | 9687871 |
| the sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus promoter is active in both monocots and dicots. | regions of the sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus genome were tested for promoter activity. the genomic region spanning nucleotides 5999-7420 was shown to possess promoter activity as exemplified by its ability to drive the expression of the coding region of the uida gene of escherichia coli, in both avena sativa and arabidopsis thaliana. in a. sativa, the promoter was active in all organs examined and, with the exception of the anthers where the expression was localized, this activity was constit ... | 1998 | 9747843 |
| seasonal density, sporozoite rates and entomological inoculation rates of anopheles gambiae and anopheles funestus in a high-altitude sugarcane growing zone in western kenya. | an entomological study was conducted on vectors of malaria and their relative contribution to plasmodium falciparum transmission in mumias, a high-altitude site and large-scale sugarcane growing zone in kakamega district, western kenya. anopheles gambiae s.l., the predominant vector species, represented 84% (n=2667) of the total anopheles mosquitoes collected with an. funestus comprising only 16%. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) identified all 600 specimens of the an. gambiae complex tested as a ... | 1998 | 9754665 |
| detailed alignment of saccharum and sorghum chromosomes: comparative organization of closely related diploid and polyploid genomes. | the complex polyploid genomes of three saccharum species have been aligned with the compact diploid genome of sorghum (2n = 2x = 20). a set of 428 dna probes from different poaceae (grasses) detected 2460 loci in f1 progeny of the crosses saccharum officinarum green german x s. spontaneum ind 81-146, and s. spontaneum pin 84-1 x s. officinarum muntok java. thirty-one dna probes detected 226 loci in s. officinarum la purple x s. robustum molokai 5829. genetic maps of the six saccharum genotypes, ... | 1998 | 9832541 |
| molecular characterization of fiji disease fijivirus genome segment 9. | this is the first report of sequence from fiji disease fijivirus (fdv), the type member of the genus fijivirus of the family reoviridae. fdv genome segment (s9) comprised 1843 nt and contained two non-overlapping orfs, separated by a 57 nt intergenic region. s9 orf 1 comprised 1008 nt and encoded a 335-amino-acid polypeptide (predicted molecular mass 38.6 kda), while orf 2 comprised 627 nt and encoded a 208-amino-acid polypeptide (predicted molecular mass 23.8 kda). the 5' and 3' non-coding regi ... | 1998 | 9880035 |
| isolation and characterization of a satellite dna family in the saccharum complex. | eacir1, a 371-bp erianthus-specific satellite dna sequence, was cloned from taqi restricted genomic dna after agarose-gel electrophoresis. this sequence has 77% homology with a 365-bp satellite of helictotrichon convolutum and 72% homology with a 353-bp tandem repeat sequence from oryza sativa. pcr primers defined in the conserved regions of these repetitive sequences were used to isolate other satellite dnas in different representatives of the saccharum complex: socir1 in saccharum officinarum, ... | 1998 | 9924794 |
| phylogenetic identification of two major nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with sugarcane. | acetobacter diazotrophicus and herbaspirillum seropedicae were identified by genetic methods based on 16s rrna sequences. a specific pcr method in combination with probing was developed for a. diazotrophicus. the pcr system includes four primers, of which the primers named ac (ctgtttcccgcaagggac) and di (gcgccccattgctgggtt) generated an 445 bp amplicon in all of the 11 a. diazotrophicus strains tested. the phylogenetic position of h. seropedicae was determined. h. seropedicae forms with oxalobac ... | 1998 | 9924818 |
| molecular cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic relationships of a new potyvirus: sugarcane streak mosaic virus, and a reevaluation of the classification of the potyviridae. | the nucleic acid of a serologically distinct potyvirus, originally isolated out of sugar cane from pakistan, was reverse transcribed and the 3' terminal 2000 bp was pcr amplified, cloned, and sequenced. phylogenetic comparisons of viruses representing each genus of the potyviridae show that the pakistani isolate is most closely related to the rymoviruses wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) and brome streak mosaic virus. we therefore propose that this new virus species be named sugar cane streak mos ... | 1998 | 10051385 |
| molecular characterization and interviral relationships of a flexuous filamentous virus causing mosaic disease of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) in india. | a virus isolate causing mosaic disease of commercial sugarcane was purified to homogeneity. electron microscopy revealed flexuous filamentous virus particles of ca 890 x 15 nm. the virus isolate reacted positively with heterologous antiserum to narcissus latent virus form uk, but failed to react with potyvirus group specific antiserum. n-terminal sequencing of the intact coat protein (cp) and the tryptic peptides indicated that the virus was probably a potyvirus but distinct from several reporte ... | 1999 | 10226614 |
| high-resolution mapping of loci conferring resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus in maize using rflp, ssr, and aflp markers. | sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) is one of the most important virus diseases of maize in europe. genetic analysis on backcross five (bc5) progeny derived from the cross fap1360a (resistant) x f7 (susceptible) confirmed that at least two dominant genes, scm1 and scm2, are required for resistance to scmv in the progeny of this cross. with the aid of rflp and ssr marker analyses, scm1 was mapped in the region of 8.7 cm between the nucleolus organizer region (nor) and rflp marker bnl6.29 on the short a ... | 1999 | 10323240 |
| a promoter from sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus drives transgene expression in banana and other monocot and dicot plants. | a 1369 bp dna fragment (sc) was isolated from a full-length clone of sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus (scbv) and was shown to have promoter activity in transient expression assays using monocot (banana, maize, millet and sorghum) and dicot plant species (tobacco, sunflower, canola and nicotiana benthamiana). this promoter was also tested for stable expression in transgenic banana and tobacco plants. these experiments showed that this promoter could drive high-level expression of the beta-glucuro ... | 1999 | 10380808 |
| differentiation of fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini by histone gene sequence data. | fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini (= f. circinatum) is a pathogen of pine and is one of eight mating populations (i.e., biological species) in the gibberella fujikuroi species complex. this species complex includes f. thapsinum, f. moniliforme (= f. verticillioides), f. nygamai, and f. proliferatum, as well as f. subglutinans associated with sugarcane, maize, mango, and pineapple. differentiating these forms of f. subglutinans usually requires pathogenicity tests, which are often time-consuming ... | 1999 | 10427026 |
| oral administration of policosanol inhibits in vitro copper ion-induced rat lipoprotein peroxidation. | policosanol, a new cholesterol-lowering agent, is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) wax, which prevents the onset of espontaneously and experimentally induced atherosclerotic lesions in experimental models. because the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we investigate the effect of policosanol on copper oxidative susceptibility of rat lipoprotein fractions (vldl + ldl) ... | 1999 | 10463622 |
| the relationship between soil copper content and copper resistance in yeast of an ultisol in midwestern nigeria. | yeast isolates were obtained from the brewer's stock of the guinness brewery in benin city, midwestern nigeria, and from local sources such as mango and sugar cane. the fruits were exposed to the immediate soil environment in eleven selected sites in the ugbowo and ikpoba hill areas of benin city, edo state of midwestern nigeria. a total of twenty-seven yeast isolates were obtained. fourteen isolates were identified as saccharomyces cerevisiae and 13 as s. carlsbergensis. analysis of resistance ... | 1999 | 10472795 |
| 3-nitropropionic acid (3-npa) produces hypothermia and inhibits histochemical labeling of succinate dehydrogenase (sdh) in rat brain. | 3-nitropropionic acid (3-npa) is a toxin sometimes produced on moldy crops (sugarcane, peanuts, etc.) in amounts sufficient to cause severe neurological disorders when consumed by humans. in vitro, 3-npa irreversibly inactivates sdh, a complex ii respiratory enzyme required for mitochondrial energy production. a single dose of 3-npa (30 mg/kg s.c.) was given to singly-caged adult male sprague-dawley rats. rectal temperature was measured after dosing as a potential biomarker of exposure to 3-npa, ... | 1999 | 10488910 |
| engineered detoxification confers resistance against a pathogenic bacterium. | we generated transgenic sugarcane plants that express an albicidin detoxifying gene (albd), which was cloned from a bacterium that provides biocontrol against leaf scald disease. plants with albicidin detoxification capacity equivalent to 1-10 ng of albd enzyme per mg of leaf protein did not develop chlorotic disease symptoms in inoculated leaves, whereas all untransformed control plants developed severe symptoms. transgenic lines with high albd activity in young stems were also protected agains ... | 1999 | 10504706 |
| molecular detection of gluconacetobacter sacchari associated with the pink sugarcane mealybug saccharicoccus sacchari (cockerell) and the sugarcane leaf sheath microenvironment by fish and pcr. | molecular tools for the detection of the newly described acetic acid bacterium gluconacetobacter sacchari from the pink sugarcane mealybug, saccharicoccus sacchari cockerell (homiptera: pseudococcidae), and in the sugarcane leaf sheath microenvironment were developed. g. sacchari specific 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide primers were designed and used in pcr amplification of g. sacchari dna directly from mealybugs, and in a nested pcr to detect low numbers of the bacteria from sugarcane leaf sh ... | 2000 | 10620720 |
| nucleotide sequence evidence for three distinct sugarcane streak mastreviruses. | the complete sequences of four clones of sugarcane streak virus (ssv) isolates from egypt and one ssv clone from reunion island were determined. the four egyptian genomes were highly similar to one another (97-99% nt identity) and were considered as variants of the same virus. the egyptian ssv was genetically different from all other mastreviruses, the closest virus being ssv from south-africa (60% nt identity), and defined as a new mastrevirus species named ssev. the ssv clone from reunion was ... | 1999 | 10664387 |
| isolation and properties of a cellulosome-type multienzyme complex of the thermophilic bacteroides sp. strain p-1. | the extracellular form of cellulosome-type multienzyme complex of thermophilic bacteroides sp. strain p-1 which was isolated from the anaerobic digester, is described. multienzyme complex was isolated from the culture supernatant by an adsorption-desorption affinity chromatography on microcrystalline cellulose. the isolated multienzyme complex was found to form a complex that exhibited a high molecular weight (estimated at more than 1400 kda) and was quite stable, requiring strong denaturing con ... | 2000 | 10713221 |
| sugarcane yellow leaf virus: an emerging virus that has evolved by recombination between luteoviral and poleroviral ancestors. | we have derived the genomic nucleotide sequence of an emerging virus, the sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv), and shown that it produces one to two subgenomic rnas. the family luteoviridae currently includes the luteovirus, polerovirus, and enamovirus genera. with the new scylv nucleotide sequence and existing luteoviridae sequence information, we have utilized new phylogenetic and evolutionary methodologies to identify homologous regions of luteoviridae genomes, which have statistically signif ... | 2000 | 10725208 |
| biodetoxification of silver-cyanide from electroplating industry wastewater. | a bacterial consortium capable of utilizing metal-cyanides as a source of nitrogen was used to develop a microbiological process for the detoxification of silver-cyanide from electroplating wastewater. when the treatment was carried out in a 27-l rotating biological contactor (r3c) in continuous mode, the system could achieve > 99.5% removal of 0.1 mmol l(-1) silver-cyanide (approximately 5 mg l(-1) cyanide and 10 mg l(-1) silver) in 10 h with sugarcane molasses (0.1 ml l(-1)) as carbon source. ... | 2000 | 10728557 |
| hand preferences in unimanual and bimanual feeding by wild vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). | lateral preference was examined in spontaneous feeding actions in 2 troops of wild vervet monkeys (cercopithecus aethiops). processing of 4 foods (termites, leaf shoots, sugarcane, and fruit) was studied. actions included unimanual reaching to moving objects, operating from an unstable posture, and coordinated bimanual processing. between 19 and 31 subjects were available, according to the task. in 2 tasks, laterality of 2 independent stages was measured separately, giving 6 measures in all. on ... | 2000 | 10739308 |
| genetic polymorphism in xanthomonas albilineans strains originating from 11 geographical locations, revealed by two dna probes. | two dna fragments from xanthomonas albilineans were used as probes to study the molecular diversity among strains of this pathogen. two serologically distinct groups, serovars i and ii, could be differentiated by hybridization to the probes. these probes, designated 830 and 838, were cloned after subtractive dna hybridization of common sequences of xanthomonas campestris pv. vasculorum from a serovar i strain of x. albilineans. they did not hybridize to the dna of several other xanthomonads or t ... | 2000 | 10792648 |
| desymmetrization of 1,4-dien-3-ols and related compounds via ueno-stork radical cyclizations | [formula: see text] desymmetrization of 1,4-dien-3-ols and related compounds via ueno-stork radical cyclizations is reported. the stereochemistry of the cyclization is controlled by the acetal center. excellent stereocontrol at c(4) and c(5) of the newly formed tetrahydrofuran rings is observed. use of a chiral auxiliary allows the preparation of enantiomerically pure material. the utility of this method has been demonstrated by achieving a short synthesis of (+)-eldanolide, the pheromone of the ... | 2000 | 10804554 |
| characterisation of microsatellite markers from sugarcane (saccharum sp.), a highly polyploid species. | cultivated sugarcane varieties (saccharum spp) are derived from complex interspecific hybridisations between the species s. spontaneum (2n=40-128) and s. officinarum (2n=60 or 80). to analyse this complex genome, the potential of microsatellite repeats as genetic markers in sugarcane with respect to their abundance, variability and ability to detect polymorphisms was investigated. a set of microsatellite markers for genome analysis in cultivated sugarcane was identified from an enriched genomic ... | 2000 | 10814819 |
| use of immobilized candida cells on xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse. | in this study we used the yeast candida guilliermondii fti 20037 immobilized by entrapment in ca-alginate beads (2.5-3 mm diameter) for xylitol production from concentrated sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate in a repeated batch system. the fermentation runs were carried out in 125- and 250-ml erlenmeyer flasks placed in an orbital shaker at 30 degrees c and 200 rpm during 72 h, keeping constant the proportion between work volume and flask total volume. according to the results, cell vi ... | 2000 | 10817210 |
| mathematical modeling of controlled-release systems of herbicides using lignins as matrices. a review. | the herbicides applied in soils can be easily lost, owing to leaching, volatilization, and bio- and photodegradation. controlled-release systems using polymeric matrices claim to solve these problems. the movement of the herbicides in the soil is also an important phenomenon to be studied in order to evaluate the loss processes. the development of mathematical models is a relevant requirement for simulation and optimization of such systems. this study reviews mathematical models as an initial st ... | 2000 | 10849821 |
| effect of the oxygen transfer coefficient on xylitol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate by continuous stirred-tank reactor fermentation. | the effect of the oxygen transfer coefficient on the production of xylitol by bioconversion of xylose present in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate using the yeast candida guilliermondii was investigated. continuous cultivation was carried out in a 1.25-l fermentor at 30 degrees c, ph 5.5, 300 rpm, and a dilution rate of 0.03/h, using oxygen transfer coefficients of 10, 20, and 30/h. the results showed that the microbial xylitol production (11 g/l) increased by 108% with the decrease i ... | 2000 | 10849823 |
| effects of initial ph on biological synthesis of xylitol using xylose-rich hydrolysate. | sugarcane bagasse, an agricultural residue plentiful in brazil, was utilized for xylitol production by a biotechnological process. a medium fermentation prepared with this xylose-rich biomass at an oxygen transfer volumetric coefficient of 10/h1 and different initial ph values was inoculated with cells of candida guilliermondii fti 20037. the maximum values of xylitol and cell volumetric productivities (qp = 0.56 g/[l.h] and qx = 0.11 g/[g.h]), xylitol yield factor (yp/s = 0.79 g/g), and xylose ... | 2000 | 10849833 |
| inhibition of microbial xylitol production by acetic acid and its relation with fermentative parameters. | precipitated sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate containing acetic acid was fermented by candida guilliermondii fti20037 under different operational conditions (ph 4.0 and 7.0, three aeration rates). at ph 7.0 and kla of 10 (0.75 vvm) and 22.5/h (3.0 vvm) the acetic acid had not been consumed until the end of the fermentations, whereas at the same ph and kla of 35/h (4.5 vvm) the acid was rapidly consumed and acetic acid inhibition was not important. on the other hand, fermentations at ... | 2000 | 10849838 |
| brazilian bioethanol program. | brazil is the largest producer of bioethanol, and sugarcane is the main raw material. bioethanol is produced by both batch and continuous processes, and in some cases, flocculating yeast is used. this article analyzes the brazilian ethanol program. for the 1996-1997 harvest, brazil produced 14.16 billion l of ethanol and 13.8 million metric t of sugar, from 286 million metric t of sugarcane. these products were produced by 328 industries in activity, with 101 autonomous ethanol plants producing ... | 2000 | 10849865 |
| sugarcane yellow leaf virus: a novel member of the luteoviridae that probably arose by inter-species recombination. | the 5895 nucleotide long single-stranded rna genome of sugarcane yellow leaf virus florida isolate (scylv-f) includes six major orfs. all but the first of these are homologous to genes of known function encoded by viruses of the three newly defined genera in the luteoviridae: ('luteovirids'), i.e. poleroviruses, luccccteoviruses and the enamoviruses. scylv-f orfs 1 and 2 are most closely related to their polerovirus counterparts, whereas scylv-f orfs 3 and 4 are most closely related to counterpa ... | 2000 | 10859394 |
| biocontrol of the sugarcane borer eldana saccharina by expression of the bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac7 and serratia marcescens chia genes in sugarcane-associated bacteria. | the cry1ac7 gene of bacillus thuringiensis strain 234, showing activity against the sugarcane borer eldana saccharina, was cloned under the control of the tac promoter. the fusion was introduced into the broad-host-range plasmid pkt240 and the integration vector pjff350 and without the tac promoter into the broad-host-range plasmids pml122 and pkmm0. these plasmids were introduced into a pseudomonas fluorescens strain isolated from the phylloplane of sugarcane and the endophytic bacterium herbas ... | 2000 | 10877771 |
| variation among strains of xanthomonas campestris pv. vasculorum from mauritius and other countries based on fatty acid analysis. | fatty acid profiling was used to study variation amongst strains of xanthomonas campestris pv. vasculorum (xcv). they could be divided into five groups using cellular fatty acid profiles. group a strains represent a new and little known taxon and all came from plants of broom bamboo (thysanolaena maxima) from mauritius. group b strains included the xcv pathotype reference strain and were from palms, broom bamboo and sugarcane from mauritius, reunion and australia. group c contained southern afri ... | 2000 | 10879989 |
| molecular evidence that sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) is a member of the luteoviridae family. | a previously uncharacterized virus was reported in southeast brazil causing a yellowing leaf disease in sugarcane. the virus, termed sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv), shares features typical of the luteoviruses. to start the molecular characterization of scylv, the nucleotide sequence of the coat protein (cp), 17 kda protein and c-terminus of the rna-dependent rna polymerase coding regions was determined from an rt-pcr amplification product. comparisons showed that the deduced amino acid sequ ... | 2000 | 10881686 |
| conventional resistance of experimental maize lines to corn earworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae), fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae), southwestern corn borer (lepidoptera: crambidae), and sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae). | plant resistance is a useful component of integrated pest management for several insects that are economically damaging to maize, zea mays l. in this study, 15 experimental lines of maize derived from a backcross breeding program were evaluated for resistance to corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie); fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith); southwestern corn borer, diatraea grandiosella dyar; and sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.). experimental line 100-r-3 was resistant in t ... | 2000 | 10902359 |
| capacity of enzymes of the euphorbiacea aleurites montana involved in co2-fixation, compared to plants having c3-, c4- and crassulacean acid metabolism. | capacities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pep-co), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), nadp+ malic enzyme (me) and of malate dehydrogenase (mdh) were measured in the euphorbiacea aleurites montana, grown under 700 ppm co2 for four weeks prior to enzyme extraction. for comparison bryophyllum daigremontiana (cam). saccharum officinarum (c4) and capsicum frutescens (c3) were treated in the same way. pep-co capacity of aleurites was in the range of 12-, that of capsicum approx. 26 nmol ... | 2013 | 10928549 |
| yeast communities associated with sugarcane in campos, rio de janeiro, brazil. | yeast communities associated with sugarcane leaves, stems and rhizosphere during different phases of plant development were studied near campos, in rio de janeiro, brazil. atmospheric temperature, soil granulometry and ph, and sugar cane juice degree brix and ph were determined. yeast communities associated with sugarcane were obtained after cellular extraction by shaking, blending and shaking plus sonication, and cultured on yeast nitrogen base agar plus glucose (0.5%) and yeast extract-malt ex ... | 1998 | 10943361 |
| yeast communities and genetic polymorphism of saccharomyces cerevisiae strains associated with artisanal fermentation in brazil. | yeast communities and genetic polymorphism of prevalent saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from the spontaneous fermentation of the sugarcane juice during the production of aguardente in three distilleries in the state of minas gerais, brazil, were studied. s. cerevisiae was the prevalent species during the process of aguardente production, but schizosaccharomyces pombe was predominant in old fermentations in one distillery. transient yeast species were found in a variable number, probabl ... | 2000 | 10945775 |
| [thermophilic endospores in the environment of a sugar mill in jujuy]. | twenty six samples from green and scorched sugarcane stems and leaves, sugarmill air dust and raw sugar were analyzed. thirty nine thermophilic bacilli strains were isolated. physiological and morphological examinations were carried out according to bergey's manual. the strains were identified as b. licheniformis (66.7%), b. coagulans (17.9%), b. stearothermophilus (10.3%) y b. subtilis (5.1%). | 2000 | 11008708 |
| analysis of the genes flanking xabb: a methyltransferase gene is involved in albicidin biosynthesis in xanthomonas albilineans. | transposon mutagenesis and complementation studies previously identified a gene (xabb) for a large (526kda) polyketide-peptide synthase required for biosynthesis of albicidin antibiotics and phytotoxins in the sugarcane leaf scald pathogen xanthomonas albilineans. a cistron immediately downstream from xabb encodes a polypeptide of 343aa containing three conserved motifs characteristic of a family of s-adenosyl-l-methionine (sam)-dependent o-methyltransferases. insertional mutagenesis and complem ... | 2000 | 11024293 |
| binding of soluble glycoproteins from sugarcane juice to cells of acetobacter diazotrophicus. | sugarcane produces two different pools of glycoproteins containing a heterofructan as glycidic moiety, tentatively defined as high-molecular mass (hmmg) and mid-molecular mass (mmmg) glycoproteins. both kinds of glycoproteins can be recovered in sugarcane juice. fluorescein-labelled glycoproteins are able to bind to acetobacter diazotrophicus cells, a natural endophyte of sugarcane. this property implies the aggregation of bacterial cells in liquid culture after addition of hmmg or mmmg. anionic ... | 2000 | 11032311 |
| molecular and functional analyses of incompatibility genes at het-6 in a population of neurospora crassa. | two closely linked genes, un-24 and het-6, associated with the het-6 heterokaryon incompatibility functional haplotype were examined in 40 neurospora crassa strains from a louisiana sugarcane field. partial diploid analyses were used to determine that half of the strains were functionally oak ridge (or) and half were non-or and indistinguishable from the standard panama (pa) form. pcr-based markers were developed to identify polymorphisms within both un-24 and het-6. two common forms of each gen ... | 2000 | 11035941 |
| the carbon source influences the energetic efficiency of the respiratory chain of n2-fixing acetobacter diazotrophicus. | acetobacter diazotrophicus is a diazotrophic bacterium that colonizes sugarcane tissues. glucose is oxidized to gluconate in the periplasm prior to uptake and metabolism. a membrane-bound glucose dehydrogenase quinoenzyme [which contains pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) as the prosthetic group] is involved in that oxidation. gluconate is oxidized further via the hexose monophosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle. a. diazotrophicus pal3 was grown in a chemostat with atmospheric nitrogen as t ... | 2000 | 11092633 |
| characterization of a major cluster of nif, fix, and associated genes in a sugarcane endophyte, acetobacter diazotrophicus. | a major 30.5-kb cluster of nif and associated genes of acetobacter diazotrophicus (syn. gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus), a nitrogen-fixing endophyte of sugarcane, was sequenced and analyzed. this cluster represents the largest assembly of contiguous nif-fix and associated genes so far characterized in any diazotrophic bacterial species. northern blots and promoter sequence analysis indicated that the genes are organized into eight transcriptional units. the overall arrangement of genes is most ... | 2000 | 11092875 |
| characterization of the acyl carrier protein gene and the fab gene locus in xanthomonas albilineans. | a genomic region containing the fatty acid biosynthetic (fab) genes was isolated from the sugarcane leaf-scald pathogen xanthomonas albilineans. the order and predicted products of fabg (beta-ketoacyl reductase), acpp (acyl carrier protein), fabf (ketoacyl synthase ii) and downstream genes in x. albilineans are very similar to those in escherichia coli, with one exception. sequence analysis, confirmed by insertional knockout and specific substrate feeding experiments, shows that the position occ ... | 2000 | 11094291 |
| albicidin antibiotic and phytotoxin biosynthesis in xanthomonas albilineans requires a phosphopantetheinyl transferase gene. | xanthomonas albilineans produces a family of highly potent antibiotics and phytotoxins called albicidins, which are key pathogenesis factors in the systemic development of leaf scald disease of sugarcane. a gene (xaba) required for albicidin biosynthesis encodes a peptide of 278 amino acids, including the signature sequence motifs for phosphopantetheinyl transferases (pptases) that activate polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. the escherichia coli entd gene, which encodes a pptase i ... | 2000 | 11111057 |
| acute and oral subchronic toxicity of d-003 in rats. | d-003 is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary acids purified from sugar cane wax (saccharum officinarum) with cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet effects experimentally proven. the present work reports the results of two studies investigating the acute and subchronic oral toxicity of d-003 in rats. oral acute toxicity of d-003 (2000 mg/kg) was investigated according to the acute toxic class (atc) method (an alternative for the classical ld(50) test), which was performed in wistar rats. the re ... | 2000 | 11137306 |
| metabolite monitoring in plants with double-quantum filtered chemical shift imaging. | 1h spectroscopic imaging in combination with double-quantum filtering with magnetic field gradients is used for in vivo applications in humans and animals. because of its high selectivity and strong reduction of water signal it is also a useful tool for monitoring the distribution of specific metabolites in plants. the development and application of a double-quantum selective spectroscopic imaging sequence for detecting the sucrose distribution in the stem of sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l. ... | 2000 | 11141184 |
| sensitive detection of the egyptian species of sugarcane streak virus by pcr-probe capture hybridization (pcr-elisa) and its complete nucleotide sequence. | a rapid and sensitive assay for the specific detection of sugarcane streak virus (ssv) using pcr-probe capture hybridization (pcr-elisa) was developed. nucleic acids suitable for pcr were extracted from ssv-infected tissue using organic solvents or fast dna kit. ssv cdna was amplified using viral specific primers and the amplified ssv cdna (amplicon) was dig-labelled during the amplification process. the amplicon was then detected in a colorimetric hybridization system by a microtiter plate usin ... | 2001 | 11164917 |
| molecular contribution to selection of intergeneric hybrids between sugarcane and the wild species erianthus arundinaceus. | erianthus arundinaceus has great potential as a germplasm source for better ratoonability, vigour, tolerance to environmental stresses, and disease resistance in sugarcane. many unsuccessful attempts have been made to introduce these characters into modern sugarcane cultivars. we report on significant progress made since molecular tools were implemented. sequence-tagged pcr, revealing size variation in the 5s rdna cluster, was performed on intact leaf tissue to identify genuine hybrids six weeks ... | 2000 | 11195335 |
| effect of a controlled-release urea supplement on rumen fermentation in sheep fed a diet of sugar cane tops (saccharum officinarum), corn stubble (zea mays) and king grass (pennisetum purpureum). | four cannulated sheep were used to study ruminal fermentation of a diet consisting of 60% sugar cane tops (saccharum officinarum), 30% corn stubble (zea mays), 10% king grass (pennisetum purpureum) and 0% (control), 10, 20 or 30% controlled-release urea supplement (crus) (diets 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively). average ruminal ph did not differ among diets (p>0.05), but during the first 6h of sampling tended to be higher for crus diets. ammonia concentrations were higher (p<0.01) in all treatments o ... | 2001 | 11230963 |
| in vitro strategies for selection of eye-spot resistant sugarcane lines using toxins of helminthosporium sacchari. | in vitro strategies were applied for the selection of eye-spot resistant variants from susceptible sugarcane cultivar co 419 different selective units (callus and leaf) of the susceptible cultivar were subjected to sub-lethal to lethal doses of toxins (culture filtrate and partially purified toxin) of h. sacchari, with the objective of improving the efficacy of in vitro selection protocols. all the selective units gave more or less similar response with culture filtrate, but a distinct response ... | 2000 | 11233089 |
| a multifunctional polyketide-peptide synthetase essential for albicidin biosynthesis in xanthomonas albilineans. | albicidins, a family of potent antibiotics and phytotoxins produced by the sugarcane leaf scald pathogen xanthomonas albilineans, inhibit dna replication in bacteria and plastids. a gene located by tn5-tagging was confirmed by complementation to participate in albicidin biosynthesis. the gene (xabb) encodes a large protein (predicted m:(r) 525695), with a modular architecture indicative of a multifunctional polyketide synthase (pks) linked to a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps). at 4801 am ... | 2001 | 11238970 |
| evaluating sugarcane diets for dairy cows using a digestion model. | to eliminate unnecessary feeding trials, a mechanistic model of sugarcane digestion was used in the search for suitable supplements to improve milk production. milk production simulated by the model was compared with data observed in four feeding trials published in the tropical literature where crossbred dairy cows were fed sugarcane/urea diets with different types of supplements. the predicted effects of the supplements on the ruminal microbial population, concentrations of ammonia and volatil ... | 2001 | 11254073 |
| xanthomonas albilineans diversity and identification based on rep-pcr fingerprints. | pcr with box and eric primers was used to analyze dna of xanthomonas albilineans and other bacteria associated with sugarcane. generated fingerprints permitted clear separation of x. albilineans from other bacteria and revealed variation within the species. good agreement between fingerprint groups and geographic origin and serovars was observed. | 2001 | 11270647 |
| comparison of benefit to sugarcane plant growth and 15n2 incorporation following inoculation of sterile plants with acetobacter diazotrophicus wild-type and nif- mutants strains. | the ability of the nitrogen-fixing bacterial endophyte acetobacter diazotrophicus strain pal5 to enhance the growth of sugarcane sp70-1143 was evaluated in the growth chamber, greenhouse, and field by comparing plants inoculated with wild-type and nif mutant mad3a in two independent experiments. the wild-type and nif mutant strains colonized sugarcane plants equally and persisted in mature plants. in n-deficient conditions, sugarcane plants inoculated with a. diazotrophicus pal5 generally grew b ... | 2001 | 11277433 |
| policosanol modulates hmg-coa reductase activity in cultured fibroblasts. | cholesterol biosynthesis is strictly controlled by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase. | 2013 | 11282173 |
| antifungal activity of chitinases produced by some fluorescent pseudomonads against colletotrichum falcatum went causing red rot disease in sugarcane. | chitinase production and growth of certain fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere on different subtrates were studied. when chitin was substituted for glycerol in king's b medium, 3 of the 4 strains showed enhanced bacterial multiplication. bacterial cells grown on chitin-containing medium showed enhanced antifungal activity against colletotrichum falcatum went causing red rot disease in sugarcane. chitinase production was significantly higher when chitin was amended to kin ... | 2001 | 11297362 |
| magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of saccharum officinarum l. (sugarcane) during its growth for sucrose content. | magnetic resonance imaging (mri) was employed to monitor changes in image intensities in stems of sugarcane which reflect on the increase in sucrose concentration. contrast in images originates in the increase of sucrose concentration in the aqueous phase of the predominant parenchyma cells and physiological changes. in matured stems mixed mr intensity patterns were observed in transverse planes. we associate this due to the reflection of vascular bundles in ground parenchyma cells which constit ... | 2000 | 11324162 |
| microsatellite markers from sugarcane (saccharum spp.) ests cross transferable to erianthus and sorghum. | analysis of a sugarcane (saccharum spp.) est (expressed sequence tag) library of 8678 sequences revealed approximately 250 microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (ssrs) sequences. a diversity of dinucleotide and trinucleotide ssr repeat motifs were present although most were of the (cgg)(n) trinucleotide motif. primer sets were designed for 35 sequences and tested on five sugarcane genotypes. twenty-one primer pairs produced a pcr product and 17 pairs were polymorphic. primer pairs that produ ... | 2001 | 11337068 |
| thermostable, alkalophilic and cellulase free xylanase production by thermoactinomyces thalophilus subgroup c. | thermoactinomyces thalophilus produced cellulase free extracellular endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (ec 3.2.1.8) at 50 degrees c and ph 8.5. maximum xylanase production was achieved in fermentation medium using birchwood xylan as substrate after 96 h of growth at 50 degrees c. other agricultural substrates such as wheat bran, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse and cornstover produced less xylanase. the crude enzyme preparation from mutant t. thalophilus p2 grown under optimised fermentation conditions showed ... | 2001 | 11339942 |
| a universal pcr primer to detect members of the potyviridae and its use to examine the taxonomic status of several members of the family. | a universal primer (sprimer: 5'-ggx aay aay agy ggx caz cc-3', x = a, g, c or t; y = t or c; z = a or g), designed from the consensus sequences that code for the conserved sequence gnnsgqp in the nib region of members of the family potyviridae, was used to amplify by rt-pcr the 3'-terminal genome regions from infected plant samples representing 21 different viruses in the family. sequencing of some of the fragments (c. 1.7 kb) showed that the type strain (attc pv-107) of oat necrotic mottle viru ... | 2001 | 11402861 |
| catchment management and the great barrier reef. | pollution of coastal regions of the great barrier reef is dominated by runoff from the adjacent catchment. catchment land-use is dominated by beef grazing and cropping, largely sugarcane cultivation, with relatively minor urban development. runoff of sediment, nutrients and pesticides is increasing and for nitrogen is now four times the natural amount discharged 150 years ago. significant effects and potential threats are now evident on inshore reefs, seagrasses and marine animals. there is no e ... | 2001 | 11419129 |
| effect of a controlled-release urea supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal kinetics of sheep fed low quality tropical forage. | four ruminally cannulated crossbred sheep (25+/-3.4kg bw) were divided into a 4x4 latin square design to measure the effects of controlled-release urea supplement (crus). the basal diet consisted of 60% sugar cane tops (saccharum officinarum), 30% full plant corn stubble (zea mays), and 10% king grass (pennisetum purpureum). feed intake, digestibility, n balance and in situ ruminal kinetics were studied with four diets, d1 (control), d2, d3 and d4, which included the ratios of 100:0%, 90:10%, 80 ... | 2001 | 11423230 |
| sampling for the sugarcane borer (lepidoptera: crambidae) on sugarcane in louisiana. | a 3-yr study was conducted in 0.6- to 2.0-ha sugarcane fields throughout south louisiana under varying sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.), density levels to determine the spatial dispersion of infestations and to develop a sequential sampling plan. infestations of d. saccharalis were randomly dispersed. infestation levels (percentage of stalks infested) ranged from 0.6 to 33.3%. frequency distributions of the number of infested stalks indicated that the poisson distribution best fit the ... | 2001 | 11425035 |
| dormancy and proliferation in saccharum officinarumxs. spontaneum hybrids which differ in the number of the introgressed s. spontaneum chromosomes. | proliferating cells remain transiently blocked at different cycle compartments until specific stressors are removed or until the cells become adapted to their presence. this paper investigates the efficiency of cycle blocks in three sugarcane hybrids with the full noble cane (saccharum officinarum) genome (2n=8x=80) but differing in the number of introgressed s. spontaneum (2n=8x=64) chromosomes. the my5514, b42231 and c236-51 cultivars possess 20, 30 and 40 additional s. spontaneum chromosomes, ... | 2001 | 11432938 |
| biomarkers of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-npa)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction as indicators of neuroprotection. | in humans or animals, symptoms of mitochondrial energy dysfunction may be produced by mutations or inborn errors of the necessary enzymes, as well as by enzyme inhibitors or uncouplers of the oxidative phosphorylation process. 3-nitropropionic acid (3-npa) is a toxin that is sometimes produced on moldy crops (sugarcane, peanuts, etc.) in amounts sufficient to cause severe neuromuscular disorders when consumed by humans. in vitro, 3-npa irreversibly inactivates sdh, a complex ii respiratory enzym ... | 2001 | 11462793 |
| hydroxymethylation and oxidation of organosolv lignins and utilization of the products. | organosolv lignins obtained from eucalyptus grandis, sugarcane bagasse and picea abies by acetosolv, formacell and organocell processes were characterized, fractionated and converted to hydroxymethylated and oxidized products. the reactivity of lignins with formaldehyde did not improve significantly with the fractionation. both eucalyptus acetosolv (eac) and eucalyptus formacell (efo) lignins retained high heterogeneity in relation to the molecular weight distribution but not in relation to stru ... | 2001 | 11480918 |
| analysis of sucrose accumulation in the sugar cane culm on the basis of in vitro kinetic data. | sucrose accumulation in developing sugar cane (saccharum officinarum) is accompanied by a continuous synthesis and cleavage of sucrose in the storage tissues. despite numerous studies, the factors affecting sucrose accumulation are still poorly understood, and no consistent pattern has emerged which pinpoints certain enzyme activities as important controlling steps. here, we develop an approach based on pathway analysis and kinetic modelling to assess the biochemical control of sucrose accumulat ... | 2001 | 11513743 |
| glutamine synthetase from acetobacter diazotrophicus: properties and regulation. | glutamine synthetase from acetobacter diazotrophicus, an endophyte originally isolated from sugarcane, was studied as a step in the identification of mechanisms underlying the role of a. diazotrophicus as a major supplier of fixed nitrogen to its host plant. the enzyme was purified and partially characterized. it was also shown that the enzyme is regulated by adenylylation in response to the nitrogen source. interestingly, there is no upregulation of the synthesis of the enzyme under diazotrophi ... | 2001 | 11520611 |
| pcb biodegradation in aged contaminated soil: interactions between exogenous phanerochaete chrysosporium and indigenous microorganisms. | this work investigated whether the interaction between the white-rot fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium and indigenous microorganisms could enhance polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) removal from historically contaminated soil in aerobic microcosms. the pcb mixture was composed mainly of 14% tri-, 20% tetra-, 9% penta-, 17% hexa-, 26% hepta-, 11% octa-, and 3% nona-chlorobiphenyl (cb) congeners, determined by gc/ms. the fungus, which was grown on sugarcane bagasse and added via this solid substrate, ... | 2001 | 11545344 |
| response of the endophytic diazotroph gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus on solid media to changes in atmospheric partial o(2) pressure. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is an n(2)-fixing endophyte isolated from sugarcane. g. diazotrophicus was grown on solid medium at atmospheric partial o(2) pressures (po(2)) of 10, 20, and 30 kpa for 5 to 6 days. using a flowthrough gas exchange system, nitrogenase activity and respiration rate were then measured at a range of atmospheric po(2) (5 to 60 kpa). nitrogenase activity was measured by h(2) evolution in n(2)-o(2) and in ar-o(2), and respiration rate was measured by co(2) evolution in ... | 2001 | 11571174 |
| beta-carotene production in sugarcane molasses by a rhodotorula glutinis mutant. | several wild strains and mutants of rhodotorula spp. were screened for growth, carotenoid production and the proportion of -carotene produced in sugarcane molasses. a better producer, rhodotorula glutinis mutant 32, was optimized for carotenoid production with respect to total reducing sugar (trs) concentration and ph. in shake flasks, when molasses was used as the sole nutrient medium with 40 g l(-1) trs, at ph 6, the carotenoid yield was 14 mg l(-1) and -carotene accounted for 70% of the total ... | 2001 | 11571614 |
| regional brazilian diet-induced low birth weight is correlated with changes in renal hemodynamics and glomerular morphometry in adult age. | number of nephrons, renal hemodynamics, and glomerular morphometry were assessed in rats submitted to a multideficient diet which was developed from a basic regional diet consumed in a brazilian region of sugarcane cultivation. we evaluated three groups of male wistar rat offspring: (1) from dams fed a standard diet throughout mating, pregnancy and lactation (control group) and (2) from dams fed the multideficient diet during mating and pregnancy (maln1 group) or (3) throughout mating, pregnancy ... | 2001 | 11585990 |
| promoters for pregenomic rna of banana streak badnavirus are active for transgene expression in monocot and dicot plants. | two putative promoters from australian banana streak badnavirus (bsv) isolates were analysed for activity in different plant species. in transient expression systems the my (2105 bp) and cv (1322 bp) fragments were both shown to have promoter activity in a wide range of plant species including monocots (maize, barley, banana, millet, wheat, sorghum), dicots (tobacco, canola, sunflower, nicotiana benthamiana, tipu tree), gymnosperm (pinus radiata) and fern (nephrolepis cordifolia). evaluation of ... | 2001 | 11587511 |
| the genome organisation and taxonomy of sugarcane striate mosaic associated virus. | sugarcane striate mosaic associated virus (scsmav) has slightly flexuous 950 nm x 15 nm filamentous particles and is associated with sugarcane striate mosaic disease in central queensland, australia. we report the full sequence of its rna genome, which comprises 5 open reading frames representing the polymerase, movement function proteins encoded in a triple gene block and coat protein. phylogenetic analyses based on either the full nucleotide sequence, the polymerase protein, or the coat protei ... | 2001 | 11676409 |
| integrated production of biodegradable plastic, sugar and ethanol. | poly 3-hydroxybutyric acid (phb) and related copolymers can be advantageously produced when integrated into a sugarcane mill. in this favorable scenario, the energy necessary for the production process is provided by biomass. carbon dioxide emissions to the environment are photosynthetically assimilated by the sugarcane crop and wastes are recycled to the cane fields. the polymer can be produced at low cost considering the availability of a low-price carbon source and energy. | 2001 | 11693904 |
| study of ligmed-a, an antidiarrheal drug based on lignin, on rat small intestine enzyme activity and morphometry. | this study aimed to determine the potential toxic effect of 4-day oral treatment with a lignin-based formulation on the enzymatic activity and morphology of the small intestine of rat. ligmed-a is collected from sugarcane and is used to treat diarrhea in weaning pigs. the compound is about 90% lignin, an insoluble polyphenolic constituent of plants and a component of dietary fiber. the duodenal, jejunal and ileal mucosa of control rats and those receiving 2 g/kg ligmed-a showed similar protein c ... | 2001 | 11696085 |
| production of phb by a bacillus megaterium strain using sugarcane molasses and corn steep liquor as sole carbon and nitrogen sources. | poly(hydroxybutyric acid) (phb) and other biodegradable polyesters are promising candidates for the development of environment-friendly, totally biodegradable plastics. the use of cane molasses and corn steep liquor, two of the cheapest substrates available in egypt, may help to reduce the cost of producing such biopolyesters. in this work, the effect of different carbon sources was studied. maximum production of phb was obtained with cane molasses and glucose as sole carbon sources (40.8, 39.9 ... | 2001 | 11716209 |
| biology and management of economically important lepidopteran cereal stem borers in africa. | cereals (maize, sorghum, millet, rice) are extremely important crops grown in africa for human consumption. of the various insect pests attacking cereal crops in africa, lepidopteran stem borers are by far the most injurious. all 21 economically important stem borers of cultivated grasses in africa are indigenous except chilo partellus, which invaded the continent from india, and c. sacchariphagus, which has recently been found in sugarcane in mozambique. c. partellus is competitively displacing ... | 2002 | 11729089 |
| expression of different abscisic acid-responsive genes during somatic embryogenesis in sugarcane (saccharum officinarum). | we have examined the expression of four genes during somatic embryogenesis in two cultivars of sugarcane, saccharum officinarum, one drought resistant (ja-605) and the other one sensitive (c-8751), as well as in embryogenic and nonembryogenic tissues treated with abscisic acid (aba) or after drought stress. three of the cdnas probed, from plasmids pma1049, pma2005 and cm1, were lea genes and the other one, from a barley hemoglobin gene, was induced in other species under stress conditions. only ... | 2001 | 11732312 |
| differences in concentrations of allergenic pollens and spores at different heights on an agricultural farm in west bengal, india. | the aim of the study was to assess the vertical profile of the major airborne pollen and spore concentration in the lower heights (up to six meters) and to check their allergenic potential causing respiratory allergy in agricultural workers. the study was conducted using rotorod samplers mounted at different heights at weekly intervals for two consecutive years (november 1997-october 1999). the major pollen grains and fungal spores (from mass culture) were collected in bulk and studied by skin-p ... | 2001 | 11748868 |
| potentiometric flow injection determination of glycerol in distilled spirits. | a single-line flow injection system including a tubular periodate-selective electrode without inner reference solution is proposed for glycerol determination in distilled spirits, based on oxidation of this polyol by periodate. interferences due to 5.0 mg l(-1) cu, 5000 mg l(-1) sucrose, and 3000 mg l(-1) fructose plus glucose were investigated. the procedure is characterized by a linear response for 20-500 mg l(-1) glycerol (r > 0.9999, n = 7), a relative standard deviation of results of <0.03, ... | 2002 | 11754545 |
| analyses of genotypic diversity among north, south, and central american isolates of sugarcane yellow leaf virus: evidence for colombian origins and for intraspecific spatial phylogenetic variation. | we have analyzed the genotypic diversity of sugarcane yellow leaf virus (scylv) collected from north, south, and central america by fingerprinting assays and selective cdna cloning and sequencing. one group of isolates from colombia, designated the c-population, has been identified as residing at the root node between a separable superpopulation structure of scylv and other members of the family luteoviridae, indicating that the progenitor viruses of the north, south, and central american isolat ... | 2002 | 11773408 |