Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| theophylline metabolism in higher plants. | metabolism of [8-(14)c]theophylline was investigated in leaf segments from camellia sinensis (tea), camellia irrawadiensis, ilex paraguariensis (maté) and avena sativa, root segments of vigna mungo seedlings and cell suspension cultures of catharanthus roseus. there was extensive uptake and metabolism of [8-(14)c]theophylline by leaves of tea and camellia irrawadiensis and, to a lesser extent, maté. these purine alkaloid-containing species converted [8-(14)c]theophylline into 3-methylxanthine, x ... | 1997 | 9305805 |
| characterization of regions within the n-terminal 6-kilodalton domain of phytochrome a that modulate its biological activity. | phytochrome a (phya) is a red/far-red (fr) light photoreceptor responsible for initiating numerous light-mediated plant growth and developmental responses, especially in fr light-enriched environments. we previously showed that the first 70 amino acids of the polypeptide contain at least two regions with potentially opposite functions (e.t. jordan, j.r. cherry, j.m. walker, r.d. vierstra [1996] plant j 9: 243-257). one region is required for activity and correct apoprotein/chromophore interactio ... | 1997 | 9342873 |
| udp-glucose:sterol glucosyltransferase: cloning and functional expression in escherichia coli. | steryl glucosides are characteristic lipids of plant membranes. the biosynthesis of these lipids is catalyzed by the membrane-bound udp-glucose:sterol glucosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.173). the purified enzyme (warnecke and heinz, plant physiol 105 (1994): 1067-1073) has been used for the cloning of a corresponding cdna from oat (avena sativa l.). amino acid sequences derived from the amino terminus of the purified protein and from peptides of a trypsin digestion were used to construct oligonucleot ... | 1997 | 9349281 |
| identification and characterization of a novel arabinoxylanase from wheat flour. | an endogenous wheat (triticum aestivum) flour endoxylanase was purified to homogeneity from a crude wheat flour extract by ammonium sulfate precipitation and cation-exchange chromatography. the 30-kd protein had an isoelectric point of 9.3 or higher. a sequence of 19 amino acids at the nh2 terminus showed 84.2% identity with an internal sequence of 15-kd grain-softness protein, friabilin. high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and gel-permeation analysis of the hydrolysis products indica ... | 1997 | 9414565 |
| a microtechnique for the analysis of free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid in milligram amounts of plant tissue using a benchtop gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. | a microtechnique was developed for the quantification of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in plant samples of one milligram fresh weight or less. the method permitted quantification of both free and conjugated iaa using a benchtop gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. new methods for sample purification with high recovery at microscale levels, together with simple changes that result in enhanced sensitivity of the instrumentation, allowed for a significant reduction in the amount of plant material requ ... | 1998 | 9443382 |
| identification of a novel isoform of the chloroplast-coupling factor alpha-subunit. | studies were conducted to identify a 64-kd thylakoid membrane protein of unknown function. the protein was extracted from chloroplast thylakoids under low ionic strength conditions and purified to homogeneity by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. four peptides generated from the proteolytic cleavage of the wheat 64-kd protein were sequenced and found to be identical to internal sequences of the chloroplast-coupling factor (cf1) alpha-subunit. antibodies for th ... | 1998 | 9489017 |
| ige antibodies to recombinant pollen allergens (phl p 1, phl p 2, phl p 5, and bet v 2) account for a high percentage of grass pollen-specific ige. | pollen from different grass species are some of the most potent elicitors of type i allergy worldwide. the characterization of antigenic structures and ige epitopes common to different grass species is relevant to define reagents for diagnosis and specific therapy of grass pollen allergy. | 1998 | 9500760 |
| herbicide safener-binding protein of maize. purification, cloning, and expression of an encoding cdna. | dichloroacetamide safeners protect maize (zea mays l.) against injury from chloroacetanilide and thiocarbamate herbicides. etiolated maize seedlings have a high-affinity cytosolic-binding site for the safener [3h](r,s)-3-dichloroacetyl-2,2,5-trimethyl-1, 3-oxazol-idine ([3h]saf), and this safener-binding activity (safba) is competitively inhibited by the herbicides. the safener-binding protein (safbp), purified to homogeneity, has a relative molecular weight of 39,000, as shown by sodium dodecyl ... | 1998 | 9501141 |
| association of nickel versus transport of cadmium and calcium in tonoplast vesicles of oat roots. | the plant vacuole has long been suspected of being a site for accumulation of ni in plant roots, but testing this hypothesis directly by vacuole isolation is technically difficult and has not been reported. here, we have attempted to determine if ni can be transported into isolated oat (avena sativa l.) root tonoplast vesicles as an alternative approach toward understanding the importance of the vacuole in ni accumulation in roots. we found that, in contrast to ca and cd, ni did not affect the p ... | 1998 | 9530882 |
| isolation and structure of a new galactolipid from oat seeds. | seeds of oat (avena sativa l.) were recently shown to contain significant quantities of a new hydroxy acid, (15 r)-hydroxy-(9z),(12z)-octadecadienoic acid (trivial name, avenoleic acid). in the present work, avenoleate was found to be mainly (63%) localized in the glycolipid fraction of oat seed lipids. fractionation of the glycolipids by thin-layer chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of a main molecular species which accounted for 20% o ... | 1998 | 9590622 |
| complex structure of knob dna on maize chromosome 9. retrotransposon invasion into heterochromatin. | the recovery of maize (zea mays l.) chromosome addition lines of oat (avena sativa l.) from oat x maize crosses enables us to analyze the structure and composition of specific regions, such as knobs, of individual maize chromosomes. a dna hybridization blot panel of eight individual maize chromosome addition lines revealed that 180-bp repeats found in knobs are present in each of these maize chromosomes, but the copy number varies from approximately 100 to 25, 000. cosmid clones with knob dna se ... | 1998 | 9691055 |
| irregular patterns of transgene silencing in allohexaploid oat. | an irregular pattern of transgene silencing was revealed in expression and inheritance studies conducted over multiple generations following transgene introduction by microprojectile bombardment of allohexaploid cultivated oat (avena sativa l.). expression of two transgenes, bar and uida, delivered on the same plasmid was investigated in 23 transgenic oat lines. twenty-one transgenic lines, each derived from an independently selected transformed tissue culture, showed expression of both bar and ... | 1998 | 9747805 |
| the sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus promoter is active in both monocots and dicots. | regions of the sugarcane bacilliform badnavirus genome were tested for promoter activity. the genomic region spanning nucleotides 5999-7420 was shown to possess promoter activity as exemplified by its ability to drive the expression of the coding region of the uida gene of escherichia coli, in both avena sativa and arabidopsis thaliana. in a. sativa, the promoter was active in all organs examined and, with the exception of the anthers where the expression was localized, this activity was constit ... | 1998 | 9747843 |
| gibberellin-photoaffinity labelling of two polypeptides in plant plasma membranes. | two polypeptides of m(r) 68 kda and 18 kda were gibberellin (ga)-photoaffinity labelled in vitro in plasma membrane preparations from oat (avena sativa l.) aleurone and from leaves and stems of wild-type and ga-sensitivity mutants of different species. labelling of these polypeptides could be competed by biologically active, but not by inactive, gas, indicating the likely biological significance of these interactions. on 2-dimensional gels the radiolabelled polypeptides were each resolved as one ... | 1998 | 9750344 |
| transgenic dna integrated into the oat genome is frequently interspersed by host dna. | integration of transgenic dna into the plant genome was investigated in 13 transgenic oat (avena sativa l.) lines produced using microprojectile bombardment with one or two cotransformed plasmids. in all transformation events, the transgenic dna integrated into the plant genome consisted of intact transgene copies that were accompanied by multiple, rearranged, and/or truncated transgene fragments. all fragments of transgenic dna cosegregated, indicating that they were integrated at single gene l ... | 1998 | 9770447 |
| discrimination of the closely related a and d genomes of the hexaploid oat avena sativa l. | a satellite dna sequence, as120a, specific to the a-genome chromosomes in the hexaploid oat, avena sativa l., was isolated by subcloning a fragment with internal tandem repeats from a plasmid, pas120, that had been obtained from an avena strigosa (as genome) genomic library. southern and in situ hybridization showed that sequences with homology to sequences within pas120 were dispersed throughout the genome of diploid (a and c genomes), tetraploid (ac genomes), and hexaploid (acd genomes) avena ... | 1998 | 9770506 |
| genetics of alpha-amylases in hexaploid oat species. | the inheritance of alpha-amylases was studied in six f2 populations of hexaploid oats (avena sativa, a. byzantina, a. fatua, a. sterillis) using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a total of 22 loci was identified and described. three main linkages of four or five loci each and an additional two pairs of linked loci were detected. it seems likely that the three main linkage groups represent homeologous chromosomes. matching of alpha-amylase profiles of hexaploid (aaccdd), tetraploid (aacc), and ... | 1998 | 9775349 |
| chromosome-specific molecular organization of maize (zea mays l.) centromeric regions. | a set of oat-maize chromosome addition lines with individual maize (zea mays l.) chromosomes present in plants with a complete oat (avena sativa l.) chromosome complement provides a unique opportunity to analyze the organization of centromeric regions of each maize chromosome. a dna sequence, mcs1a, described previously as a maize centromere-associated sequence, was used as a probe to isolate cosmid clones from a genomic library made of dna purified from a maize chromosome 9 addition line. analy ... | 1998 | 9789043 |
| a photoperiod-insensitive barley line contains a light-labile phytochrome b | barley (hordeum vulgare l.) is a long-day plant whose flowering is enhanced when the photoperiod is supplemented with far-red light, and this promotion is mediated by phytochrome. a chemically mutagenized dwarf cultivar of barley was selected for early flowering time (barley maturity daylength response [bmdr]-1) and was made isogenic with the cultivar shabet (bmdr-8) by backcrossing. bmdr-1 was found to contain higher levels of both phytochrome a and phytochrome b in the dark on immunoblots with ... | 1999 | 10069841 |
| reconstitution of a bacterial/plant polyamine biosynthesis pathway in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | polyamine synthesis in most organisms is initiated by the decarboxylation of ornithine to form putrescine via ornithine decarboxylase (odc). plants, some bacteria and some fungi and protozoa generate putrescine from arginine, via arginine decarboxylase (adc) and agmatine ureohydrolase (auh) or agmatine iminohydrolase. a polyamine-requiring strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae with a mutation in the gene encoding odc was transformed with plasmids bearing genes encoding escherichia coli adc and auh. ... | 1999 | 10075412 |
| central effects of ac-1 and tfg-1. | ac-1 and tfg-1 are both herb extracts from avena sativa and trigonella foenum graecum respectively. in folk medicine, trigonella foenum graecum is used as appetiser and general tonic as well as for pellagra treatment and for treatment of pulmonary disorders. avena sativa is another commonly used appetiser and tonic. in our study we examined the influence of ac-1 and tfg-1 on some of the major functions of the central nervous system. we divided the test animals in three groups and after administe ... | 1998 | 10206008 |
| degradation of oat mrnas during seed development. | the genes av1, av10, and z1 encode proteins that accumulate during oat seed development. in developing endosperm of avena sativa (cultivated oat), av1, av10 and z1 mrnas reach maximal levels midway through seed development but fall to very low levels in mature seeds. similarly, mrnas for these proteins peak during endosperm development of avena fatua (wild oat) and are later degraded. however, during late maturation of a. fatua seeds, populations of mrna fragments shorter than the intact transcr ... | 1999 | 10350095 |
| crop rotation impacts on potato protein. | the impact of nitrogen (n) fertilization on potato (solanum tuberosum l.) protein yield and nutritional quality is well documented but of little benefit to growers with limited access to fertilizer or capital (e.g. in lesser developed countries). this study was conducted 1) to evaluate the extent which crude protein yield in potatoes can be influenced by crop rotation with no n fertilizer and 2) to determine if crop rotation and minimal application of n fertilizer can meet the total protein yiel ... | 1998 | 10426115 |
| chromosomal organization of a sequence related to ltr-like elements of ty1-copia retrotransposons in avena species. | a repetitive sequence, pas17, was isolated from avena strigosa (as genome) and characterized. the insert was 646 bp in length and showed 54% at content. databank searches revealed its high homology to the long terminal repeat (ltr) sequences of the specific family of ty1-copia retrotransposons represented by wis2-1a and bare. it was also found to be 70% identical to the ltr domain of the wis2-1a retroelement of wheat and 67% identical to the bare-1 retroelement of barley. southern hybridizations ... | 1999 | 10464792 |
| indole-3-acetic acid control on acidic oat cell wall peroxidases. | incubation of oat coleoptile segments with 40 µm indoleacetic acid (iaa) induced a decrease of 35-60% in peroxidase activity at the cell wall compartment. treatment with iaa also produced a similar decrease in the oxidation of nadh and iaa at the cell wall. isoelectric focusing of ionic, covalent, and intercellular wall peroxidase fractions showed that acidic isoforms (pi 4.0-5.5) were reduced preferentially by iaa treatment. marked differences were found between acidic and basic wall isoperoxid ... | 1999 | 10467016 |
| pigment-free nadph:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase from avena sativa l. purification and substrate specificity. | the enzyme nadph:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (por) is the key enzyme for light-dependent chlorophyll biosynthesis. it accumulates in dark-grown plants as the ternary enzyme-substrate complex por-protochlorophyllide a-nadph. here, we describe a simple procedure for purification of pigment-free por from etioplasts of avena sativa seedlings. the procedure implies differential solubilization with n-octyl-beta-d-glucoside and one chromatographic step with deae-cellulose. we show, using pigment ... | 1999 | 10518779 |
| nucleotide sequence of oat (avena sativa l.) cdna encoding an auxin-binding protein (abp1). | we isolated and determined a nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone encoding a protein homologous to maize major auxin-binding protein (abp1) from a cdna library of oat coleoptiles. the deduced amino acid sequence of this clone contained an n-linked glycosylation signal and an er-retention signal. furthermore, two domains that were important to interact with auxins, were conserved in this clone at amino acid level. | 1998 | 10520452 |
| protein evaluation of four oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars adapted for cultivation in the south of brazil. | four oat cultivars adapted for soil and climate conditions in the southern region of brazil were evaluated for protein nutritive value. evaluations were done both in vitro and in vivo. in vitro evaluation was done by essential amino acid profile, available lysine, amino acid scoring, and protein digestibility corrected amino acid-scoring (pdcaas). nitrogen balance indices and per were determined in vivo with rats. in all four cultivars (ufp-15, ufp-16, ctc-03, ufrgs-14), lysine was the most limi ... | 1999 | 10540981 |
| antioxidant capacity of oat (avena sativa l.) extracts. 1. inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. | milled oat groat pearlings, trichomes, flour, and bran were extracted with methanol and the fractions tested in vitro for antioxidant capacity against low-density lipoprotein (ldl) oxidation and r-phycoerythrin protein oxidation in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) assay. the oxidative reactions were generated by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hcl (aaph) or cu(2+) in the ldl assay and by aaph or cu(2+) + h(2)o(2) in the orac assay and calibrated against a trolox standard to calculate ... | 1999 | 10606548 |
| antioxidant capacity of oat (avena sativa l.) extracts. 2. in vitro antioxidant activity and contents of phenolic and tocol antioxidants. | oat milling fractions were examined for concentrations of total phenolics, tocols, and phenolic acids and in vitro antioxidant activity to determine their potential as dietary antioxidants. methanolic extracts of pearling fractions, flour and aspirations from flaking, and trichomes had high, intermediate, and low antioxidant activities, respectively, evaluated by the beta-carotene bleaching method. pearling fractions were also highest in total phenolics and tocols. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanilli ... | 1999 | 10606549 |
| chromosomal localization of cotransformed transgenes in the hexaploid cultivated oat avena sativa l. using fluorescence in situ hybridization. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was used to localize two transgenes (gus and bar), carried on plasmids pact-1f and puba, respectively, on mitotic metaphase squashes of t1 plants of the cultivated hexaploid oat avena sativa l. cotransformed by microprojectile bombardment of embryogenic callus. among the eight progeny analysed by fish in each of two lines, we detected plants null, hetero- and homozygous for the two genes in one line, and plants null and heterozygous for the two genes in ... | 2000 | 10692010 |
| thermal effect of co(2) on apoplastic ice in rye and oat during freezing. | meristematic tissues from rye (secale cereale) and oat (avena sativa) were studied in an isothermal calorimeter at -3 degrees c. when the frozen tissue was placed in the calorimeter, the pressure increased within 4 d to 25 and 9 kpa above ambient pressure in the sample vessels containing crowns of rye and oat, respectively. concurrently, the thermal output went down to -194 microw in rye over the 4-d period; this negative thermal activity could be accounted for by ice melting in the plants. when ... | 2000 | 10712550 |
| complex structure of knobs and centromeric regions in maize chromosomes. | the recovery of maize (zea mays l.) chromosome addition lines of oat (avena sativa l.) from oat x maize crosses enables us to analyze the structure and composition of individual maize chromosomes via the isolation and characterization of chromosome-specific cosmid clones. restriction fragment fingerprinting, sequencing, and in situ hybridization were applied to discover a new family of knob associated tandem repeats, the tr1, which are capable of forming fold-back dna segments, as well as a new ... | 2015 | 10857197 |
| biosynthesis of avenacins and phytosterols in roots of avena sativa cv. image. | in keeping with the proposal that avenacin biosynthesis is restricted to the tips of primary roots of oat seedlings, the incorporation of radioactivity from r-[2-(14)c]mevalonic acid (mva) into avenacins and beta-amyrin by serial sections of primary roots was found to be more-or-less restricted to root tip sections. squalene synthase (sqs) (ec 2.5.1.21) and 2,3-oxidosqualene:beta-amyrin cyclase (os beta ac) (ec 5.4.99) were also most active in these sections. the incorporation of radiolabel from ... | 2000 | 10872206 |
| antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected cereal grains and their different morphological fractions. | the purpose of this study was to examine the antioxidant properties of water and 80% methanolic extracts of cereal grains and their different morphological fractions. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cv. almari and cv. henika, barley (hordeum vulgare l.) cv. gregor and cv. mobek, rye (secale cereale l.) cv. dańkowskie zlote, oat (avena sativa l.) cv. slawko and buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum moench) cv. kora were used. pc (l-alpha-phosphatidylcholine) liposome system and spectrophotometric assay of ... | 2000 | 10888490 |
| high frequency of cytogenetic aberration in transgenic oat (avena sativa l.) plants. | cytological abnormalities were observed in transgenic oat (avena sativa l. cv. gaf/park-1) produced by microprojectile bombardment of mature seed-derived highly regenerative tissues. of the plants from 48 independent transgenic lines examined, plants from only 20 lines (42%) were karyotypically normal (2n=6x=42) without detectable chromosomal aberrations; plants from 28 lines (58%) had chromosomal variation, i.e. aneuploids and structural changes. no significant difference in cytological aberrat ... | 2000 | 10908808 |
| photochemical and mutational analysis of the fmn-binding domains of the plant blue light receptor, phototropin. | the plant photoreceptor phototropin is an autophosphorylating serine-threonine protein kinase activated by uv-a/blue light. two domains, lov1 and lov2, members of the pas domain superfamily, mediate light sensing by phototropin. heterologous expression studies have shown that both domains function as fmn-binding sites. although three plant blue light photoreceptors, cry1, cry2, and phototropin, have been identified to date, the photochemical reactions underlying photoactivation of these light se ... | 2000 | 10924135 |
| evidence of active nadp(+) phosphatase in dormant seeds of avena sativa l. | freshly-harvested seeds of avena sativa l. do not germinate when imbibed at temperatures higher than 25 degrees c. this high temperature dormancy is due to the seed coats, and to the low activities of glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (opp) in the embryo. the analysis by exclusion chromatography of soluble nadp(+) phosphatase activities of embryos revealed two isoforms: a 37 kda isoform present in both dormant and after-ripened caryopses, and a second isoform, with an appare ... | 2000 | 10944152 |
| production and characterization of maize chromosome 9 radiation hybrids derived from an oat-maize addition line. | in maize (zea mays l., 2n = 2x = 20), map-based cloning and genome organization studies are often complicated because of the complexity of the genome. maize chromosome addition lines of hexaploid cultivated oat (avena sativa l., 2n = 6x = 42), where maize chromosomes can be individually manipulated, represent unique materials for maize genome analysis. maize chromosome addition lines are particularly suitable for the dissection of a single maize chromosome using radiation because cultivated oat ... | 2000 | 10978296 |
| characterization of protein and transcript levels of the chaperonin containing tailless complex protein-1 and tubulin during light-regulated growth of oat seedlings. | in grass seedlings the network of cortical microtubules is reorganized during light-dependent growth of coleoptiles and mesocotyls. we investigated the effects of light-dependent growth on the relative steady-state levels of the mrnas and protein levels of alpha-tubulin and the epsilon-subunit of the chaperonin containing tailless complex protein-1 in oat (avena sativa) coleoptiles, which were grown in different light conditions to establish different growth responses. the soluble pools of the e ... | 2000 | 10982445 |
| the influence of glycerol and chloroplast lipids on the spectral shifts of pigments associated with nadph: protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase from avena sativa l. | dark-grown angiosperm seedlings lack chlorophylls, but accumulate protochlorophyllide a complexed with the light-dependent enzyme nadph:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase. previous investigators correlated spectral heterogeneity of in vivo protochlorophyllide forms and a shift of chlorophyllide forms from 680 to 672 nm (shibata shift) occurring after irradiation, with intact membrane structures which are destroyed by solubilization. we demonstrate here that the various protochlorophyllide forms ... | 2000 | 11034350 |
| classical and biochemical endpoints in the evaluation of phytotoxic effects caused by the herbicide trichloroacetate. | three terrestrial plant species, oat (avena sativa ), chinese cabbage (brassica campestris cv. chinensis) and lettuce (lactuca sativa), were exposed to different concentrations of herbicide tca (sodium trichloroacetate) in a growth test according to guideline oecd # 208. classical (i.e. germination and biomass) and biochemical (i.e., antioxydant enzyme activities) endpoints were investigated. germination rate decreased significantly at 3.9 mg tca kg dry soil(-1) (for oat and lettuce) and 62.5 mg ... | 2000 | 11064042 |
| effect of maturity on degradation kinetics of sod-seeded cereal grain forage grown in northern arkansas. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.), oat (avena sativa l.), and rye (secale cereale l.) were overseeded into a dormant bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon (l.) pers.) sod and harvested at 3-wk intervals throughout march, april, may, and early june. plant growth stage was documented for each forage on each harvest date, and harvested forages were evaluated for forage quality characteristics. degradation kinetics of dm and ndf for these forages were evaluated by the in situ method. fractional degradation rate ... | 2000 | 11104269 |
| aux/iaa proteins are phosphorylated by phytochrome in vitro. | auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (aux/iaa) genes encode short-lived transcription factors that are induced as a primary response to the plant growth hormone iaa or auxin. gain-of-function mutations in arabidopsis genes, shy2/iaa3, axr3/iaa17, and axr2/iaa7 cause pleiotropic phenotypes consistent with enhanced auxin responses, possibly by increasing aux/iaa protein stability. semidominant mutations shy2-1d, shy2-2, axr3-1, and axr2-1 induce ectopic light responses in dark-grown seedlings. because genet ... | 2000 | 11115889 |
| feasibility of using lignin isolated from forages by solubilization in acetyl bromide as a standard for lignin analyses. | lignin concentration can be measured in plants by the acetyl bromide-soluble lignin spectrophotometric method; however, as with any spectrophotometric method, a reliable standard is needed. in the present experiments, lignin was extracted from each of the forages under study with the acetyl bromide reagent. the lignin isolated with acetyl bromide (liab) was then used as the reference standard in the acetyl bromide-soluble lignin (absl) analysis, which was compared with the acid detergent lignin ... | 2000 | 11132828 |
| isolation, purification, and characterization of glutathione s-transferase from oat (avena sativa) seedlings. | glutathione s-transferase (gst) from oat seedlings was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and glutathione (gsh) affinity chromatography. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of two major protein subunits with molecular masses of 29 and 31 kda, respectively. isoelectric focusing revealed a major band with pi of 3.43 and a minor band with pi of 7.42. kinetic analysis with respect to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (cdnb) as substrate revealed a km of ... | 2000 | 11195966 |
| identification and characterization of a heat-induced isoform of aldolase in oat chloroplast. | an analysis of protein synthesis at elevated temperatures in oat (avena sativa) leaves revealed a heat-induced 44 kda polypeptide. a cdna library of heat-treated leaves was constructed and screened with specific antibodies raised against this 44 kda polypeptide. a clone encoding the 44 kda protein was identified as a form of the chloroplast-localized fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (ec 4.1.2.13). northern and western blot analyses indicated heat-induced accumulation of the chloroplast aldolase is ... | 2000 | 11197324 |
| a complete set of maize individual chromosome additions to the oat genome. | all 10 chromosomes of maize (zea mays, 2n = 2x = 20) were recovered as single additions to the haploid complement of oat (avena sativa, 2n = 6x = 42) among f(1) plants generated from crosses involving three different lines of maize to eight different lines of oat. in vitro rescue culture of more than 4,300 immature f(1) embryos resulted in a germination frequency of 11% with recovery of 379 f(1) plantlets (8.7%) of moderately vigorous growth. some f(1) plants were sectored with distinct chromoso ... | 2001 | 11244103 |
| mapping maize sequences to chromosomes using oat-maize chromosome addition materials. | oat- (avena sativa) maize (zea mays) chromosome additions are produced by crossing maize and oat. during early embryo development maize chromosomes are preferentially eliminated, and oat plants are often recovered that retain a single maize chromosome. each of the 10 maize chromosomes recently has been isolated as a separate oat-maize addition. we describe here the mapping of 400 maize sequences to chromosomes using polymerase chain reaction and dna from the oat-maize addition material. fifty of ... | 2001 | 11244104 |
| active retrotransposons are a common feature of grass genomes. | a large fraction of the genomes of grasses, members of the family graminae, is composed of retrotransposons. these elements resemble animal retroviruses in their structure and possess a life cycle similar to theirs that includes transcription, translation, and integration of daughter copies. we have investigated if retrotransposons are generally transcribed in the grasses and other plants, and whether the various families of elements are translationally and integrationally active in multiple gra ... | 2001 | 11244109 |
| a role for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in gravitropic signaling and the retention of cold-perceived gravistimulation of oat shoot pulvini. | plants sense positional changes relative to the gravity vector. to date, the signaling processes by which the perception of a gravistimulus is linked to the initiation of differential growth are poorly defined. we have investigated the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3)) in the gravitropic response of oat (avena sativa) shoot pulvini. within 15 s of gravistimulation, insp(3) levels increased 3-fold over vertical controls in upper and lower pulvinus halves and fluctuated in both pulvin ... | 2001 | 11244128 |
| impact of elevated ozone on chlorophyll a fluorescence in field-grown oat (avena sativa). | oat (avena sativa) plants were grown in the field near the urban area of valencia, eastern spain. the data on air quality showed that ozone was the main phytotoxic pollutant present in ambient air reaching a 7-h mean of 46 nl l(-1) and a maximum hourly peak of 322 nl l(-1). the effect of ambient ozone on psii activity was examined by measurements of chlorophyll (chl) a fluorescence. in leaves with visible symptoms, the function of psii was changed at high actinic irradiances. nonphotochemical qu ... | 2001 | 11275221 |
| arginine decarboxylase transgene expression and analysis of environmental stress tolerance in transgenic rice. | arginine decarboxylase (adc) cdna from oat (avena sativa l.) was introduced into rice (oryza sativa l.) genome by an agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. expression of the adc transgene under the control of an aba-inducible promoter led to stress-induced upregulation of adc activity and polyamine accumulation in transgenic rice plants. second-generation (rl) transgenic rice plants showed an increase in biomass under salinity-stress conditions, as compared to the non-transformed control ... | 2001 | 11297783 |
| synthesis, absolute configuration and biological activity of both enantiomers of 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid: new dichloroindole auxins. | racemic 2-(5,6-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid (5,6-cl2-2-ipa) was synthesized from 5,6-dichloroindole-3-acetic acid (5,6-cl2-iaa) by successive esterification, methoxycarbonylation, methylation, and double hydrolysis. the racemate was converted to the diastereomeric esters of (s)-(-)-1-phenylethyl alcohol. these were separated by hplc into two optically active diastereomers and then hydrolyzed with p-tsoh to the optically active enantiomers of 5,6-cl2-2-ipa. the absolute configurations of bot ... | 2001 | 11302158 |
| identification of a sucrose diester of a substituted beta-truxinic acid in oats. | a novel compound, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta-truxinic acid esterified to sucrose through the fructosyl 3-and 6-carbons (1), was isolated from oat grains (avena sativa l.). its structure was determined by a combination of mass spectrometry and 1-d and 2-d nmr. the amounts of 1 in groats of six different oat cultivars ranged from 101 to 150 microg g(-1) (dry wt). none was detected in the hulls. the free diacid, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta-truxinic acid (2), could not be detected in ... | 2001 | 11324915 |
| a linkage map of hexaploid oat based on grass anchor dna clones and its relationship to other oat maps. | a cultivated oat linkage map was developed using a recombinant inbred population of 136 f6:7 lines from the cross 'ogle' x 'tam o-301'. a total of 441 marker loci, including 355 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers, 40 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps), 22 random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds), 7 sequence-tagged sites (stss), 1 simple sequence repeat (ssr), 12 isozyme loci, and 4 discrete morphological traits, was mapped. fifteen loci remained unlinked, and 4 ... | 2001 | 11341736 |
| supplemental dietary protein for grazing dairy cows: reproduction, condition loss, plasma metabolites, and insulin. | an experiment was conducted over a 2-yr period to investigate the influence of grain crude protein (cp) and rumen undegradable protein (rup) concentration on reproduction and energy status of dairy cows grazing annual ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) and oats (avena sativa). holstein cows (n = 122) were blocked by calving group [partum (0 d postpartum) vs. postpartum (41 +/- 19 d postpartum at study initiation)] and assigned to grain supplements containing high cp [22.8% of dry matter (dm)], modera ... | 2001 | 11352167 |
| bonding of hydroxycinnamic acids to lignin: ferulic and p-coumaric acids are predominantly linked at the benzyl position of lignin, not the beta-position, in grass cell walls. | a suspension in dichloromethane-water (18:1, v/v) of various fractions containing hydroxycinnamic acid ester-ether bridges between lignin and polysaccharides prepared from cell walls of matured oat (avena sativa l.) intemodes, and a solution of their acetates in the same solvent, were treated with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (ddq). this reagent selectively cleaves benzyl ether and ester linkages of negatively charged aromatic nuclei. the sample treated with ddq was directly hydroly ... | 2001 | 11423145 |
| oxidative responses of resistant and susceptible cereal leaves to symptomatic and nonsymptomatic cereal aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) feeding. | the impact of the leaf-chlorosis-eliciting russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), and the nonchlorosis-eliciting bird cherry-oat aphid, rhopalosiphum padi (l.), feeding on d. noxia-susceptible and -resistant cereals was examined during the period (i.e., 3, 6, and 9 d after aphid infestation) that leaf chlorosis developed. after aphid number, leaf rolling and chlorosis ratings, and fresh leaf weight were recorded on each sampling date, total protein content, peroxidase, catalase, and p ... | 2001 | 11425032 |
| changes in starch content in oat (avena sativa) shoot pulvini during the gravitropic response. | in order to determine if components of the signal transduction pathway are involved in starch metabolism during the gravitropic response, the effects of inhibitors of phosphoprotein phosphatases and protein kinases (oa), and calcium channel blockers (lacl3), on gravitropic bending and starch levels in gravisensitive node/pulvini of oat shoots were examined. among the compounds tested, okadaic acid (oa) and lanthanum chloride (lacl3) showed the strongest inhibitory effects on the negative gravitr ... | 2001 | 11432919 |
| tween-20 activates and solubilizes the mitochondrial membrane-bound, calmodulin dependent nad+ finase of avena sativa l. | among different treatments assayed, a mix of a nonionic detergent (5% tween-20) with 0.5 m nacl was found to solubilize a large part of the calmodulin-dependent nad+ kinase bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. it also stimulated its activity by increasing 7 times the maximal velocity. activity stimulation was also observed with phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and with reductants (hso3 and dtt). this solubilized nad+ kinase and the calmodulin-dependent cytosoluble isoform disp ... | 2001 | 11447505 |
| high frequency of cytogenetic aberration in transgenic oat (avena sativa l.) plants. | cytological abnormalities were observed in transgenic oat (avena sativa l. cv. gaf/park-1) produced by microprojectile bombardment of mature seed-derived highly regenerative tissues. of the plants from 48 independent transgenic lines examined, plants from only 20 lines (42%) were karyotypically normal (2n=6x=42) without detectable chromosomal aberrations; plants from 28 lines (58%) had chromosomal variation, i.e. aneuploids and structural changes. no significant difference in cytological aberrat ... | 2001 | 11448750 |
| evaluation and refinement of a continuous seed germination and early seedling growth test for the use in the ecotoxicological assessment of soils. | four higher plant species (avena sativa l., oat; lepidium sativum l., cress; brassica rapa metzg., turnip; and phaseolus vulgaris l., bush bean) and 15 soils including five mineral oil-contaminated soils were tested to assess a soil-based continuous seed germination and early seedling growth bioassay. seed germination was recorded and the shoot biomass of 14-day seedlings measured. an automatic self-watering system was compared with the daily hand watering. results obtained from this study show ... | 2001 | 11459155 |
| purification and biochemical properties of phytochromobilin synthase from etiolated oat seedlings. | plant phytochromes are dependent on the covalent attachment of the linear tetrapyrrole chromophore phytochromobilin (p phi b) for photoactivity. in planta, biliverdin ix alpha (bv) is reduced by the plastid-localized, ferredoxin (fd)-dependent enzyme p phi b synthase to yield 3z-p phi b. here, we describe the >50,000-fold purification of p phi b synthase from etioplasts from dark-grown oat (avena sativa l. cv garry) seedlings using traditional column chromatography and preparative electrophoresi ... | 2001 | 11500553 |
| cloning and characterisation of chlorophyll synthase from avena sativa. | the chlorophyll synthase gene from oat (avena sativa) was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced amino acid sequence consists of 378 amino acids including a presequence of 46 amino acids. deletion mutants show that a core protein comprising amino acid residues 88 to 377 is enzymatically active. the sequence of the mature protein shows 85% identity with the chlorophyll synthase of arabidopsis thaliana and 62% identity with the chlorophyll synthase of synechocystis pcc 6803. the gen ... | 2001 | 11501754 |
| hormonal and gravitropic specificity in the regulation of growth and cell wall synthesis in pulvini and internodes from shoots of avena sativa l. (oat). | segments can be cut from the peduncular-1 internode of oat (avena sativa l.) shoots so as to contain the graviresponsive leaf-sheath pulvinus and gibberellin-sensitive internodal tissue. incorporation of [14c]glucose was used to monitor cell wall synthesis in these two tissues as affected by gravistimulus, indoleacetic acid (iaa), gibberellic acid (ga3), and fusicoccin (fc). pulvinar cell wall synthesis was promoted by iaa and fc (both within about 1 h), as well as by gravistimulus (starting bet ... | 1995 | 11536686 |
| infrared light-emitting diode radiation causes gravitropic and morphological effects in dark-grown oat seedlings. | oat (avena sativa cv seger) seedlings were irradiated with ir light-emitting diode (led) radiation passed through a visible-light-blocking filter. infrared led irradiated seedlings exhibited differences in growth and gravitropic response when compared to seedlings grown in darkness at the same temperature. thus, the oat seedlings in this study were able to detect ir led radiation. these findings call into question the use of ir led as a safe-light for some photosensitive plant response experimen ... | 1996 | 11536734 |
| asymmetric, blue light-dependent phosphorylation of a 116-kilodalton plasma membrane protein can be correlated with the first- and second-positive phototropic curvature of oat coleoptiles. | the possible correlation between blue light-dependent phosphorylation of a 116-kd protein and phototropic responses of etiolated oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings was tested by a micromethod for protein phosphorylation. quantitation of the basipetal distribution of this protein showed that the in vitro 32p phosphorylation values declined exponentially from tip to node, with more than 50% of the total label being found in the uppermost 5 mm. nonsaturating preirradiation of the coleoptiles in vivo r ... | 1997 | 11536817 |
| exposure of oat seedlings to blue light results in amplified phosphorylation of the putative photoreceptor for phototropism and in higher sensitivity of the plants to phototropic stimulation. | dark recovery of blue light-induced in vitro phosphorylation in oat (avena sativa l.) seedlings after in vivo preirradiation with blue light revealed different recovery kinetics for the coleoptile base and tip. although, in both cases, maximum in vitro phosphorylation was observed 90 min after in vivo blue light treatment, the phosphorylation levels for the entire base were about 3-fold higher than those found in nonpreirradiated plants. the tip response only slightly exceeded that of the dark c ... | 1997 | 11536818 |
| gravitropism of oat and wheat coleoptiles: dependence on the stimulation angle and involvement of autotropic straightening. | gravitropism of oat (avena sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) coleoptiles was investigated in relation to the displacement angle or to the initially set stimulation angle (sa). we measured curvature rates at the early phase of curvature, before it was affected by the drop in sa resulting from the curvature response itself. the plot of the rates against the sines of initial sas revealed similar curves for oats and wheat, which approached saturation as the sine increased to unity. the two ... | 1997 | 11536867 |
| the role of calcium in growth induced by indole-3-acetic acid and gravity in the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa). | leaf-sheath pulvini of excised segments from oat (avena sativa l.) were induced to grow by treatment with 10 micromoles indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), gravistimulation, or both, and the effects of calcium, egta, and calcium channel blockers on growth were evaluated. unilaterally applied calcium (10 mm cacl2) significantly inhibited iaa-induced growth in upright pulvini but had no effect on growth induced by either gravity or gravity plus iaa. calcium alone had no effect on upright pulvini. the calc ... | 1992 | 11536939 |
| purification and identification of the fusicoccin binding protein from oat root plasma membrane. | fusicoccin (fc), a fungal phytotoxin, stimulates the h(+) -atpase located in the plasma membrane (pm) of higher plants. the first event in the reaction chain leading to enhanced h(+) -efflux seems to be the binding of fc to a fc-binding protein (fcbp) in the pm. we solubilized 90% of the fcbp from oat (avena sativa l. cv victory) root pm in an active form with 1% octyl-glucoside. the fcbp was stabilized by the presence of protease inhibitors. the fcbp was purified by affinity chromatography usin ... | 1989 | 11537448 |
| comparison of the lipid composition of oat root and coleoptile plasma membranes: lack of short-term change in response to auxin. | the total lipid composition of plasma membranes (pm), isolated by the phase partitioning method from two different oat (avena sativa l.) tissues, the root and coleoptile, was compared. in general, the pm lipid composition was not conserved between these two organs of the oat seedling. oat roots contained 50 mole percent phospholipid, 25 mole percent glycolipid, and 25 mole percent free sterol, whereas comparable amounts in the coleoptile were 42, 39, and 19 mole percent, respectively. individual ... | 1989 | 11537452 |
| polyamine binding to proteins in oat and petunia protoplasts. | previous work (a apelbaum et al. [1988] plant physiol 88: 996-998) has demonstrated binding of labeled spermidine (spd) to a developmentally regulated 18 kilodalton protein in tobacco tissue cultures derived from thin surface layer explants. to assess the general importance of such spd-protein complexes, we attempted bulk isolation from protoplasts of petunia and oat (avena sativa). in petunia, as in tobacco, fed radioactive spd is bound to protein, but in oat, spd is first converted to 1,3,-d ... | 1989 | 11537462 |
| cell wall and enzyme changes during the graviresponse of the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa). | the graviresponse of the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa) involves an asymmetric growth response accompanied by several asymmetric processes, including degradation of starch and cell wall synthesis. to understand further the cellular and biochemical events associated with the graviresponse, changes in cell walls and their constituents and the activities of related enzymes were investigated in excised pulvini. asymmetric increases in dry weight with relatively symmetric increases in wal ... | 1990 | 11537483 |
| changes in the ultrastructure of cell walls, cellulose synthesis, and glucan synthase activity from gravistimulated pulvini of oat (avena sativa). | ultrastructural analyses of the cell walls from top and bottom halves of gravistimulated pulvini from oat leaves show a decrease in the density of material within the cell walls from the lower halves of pulvini after 24 h of gravistimulation. assays of cellulose synthesis with a 14c-sucrose pulse-chase experiment indicate no difference in the amount of new cellulose synthesized in top compared with bottom halves of gravistimulated pulvini. the highest rate of cellulose synthesis occurs with 12-2 ... | 1992 | 11537505 |
| altered growth response to exogenous auxin and gibberellic acid by gravistimulation in pulvini of avena sativa. | pulvini of excised segments from oats (avena sativa l. cv victory) were treated unilaterally with indoleacetic acid (iaa) or gibberellic acid (ga3) with or without gravistimulation to assess the effect of gravistimulation on hormone action. optimum pulvinus elongation growth (millimeters) and segment curvature (degrees) over 24 hours were produced by 100 micromolar iaa in vertical segments. the curvature response to iaa at levels greater than 100 micromolar, applied to the lower sides of gravist ... | 1988 | 11537872 |
| auxin-induced growth of avena coleoptiles involves two mechanisms with different ph optima. | although rapid auxin-induced growth of coleoptile sections can persist for at least 18 hours, acid-induced growth lasts for a much shorter period of time. three theories have been proposed to explain this difference in persistence. to distinguish between these theories, the ph dependence for auxin-induced growth of oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles has been determined early and late in the elongation process. coleoptile sections from which the outer epidermis was removed to facilitate buffer ent ... | 1992 | 11537888 |
| the ph profile for acid-induced elongation of coleoptile and epicotyl sections is consistent with the acid-growth theory. | the acid-growth theory predicts that a solution with a ph identical to that of the apoplast of auxin-treated tissues (4.5.-5.0) should induce elongation at a rate comparable to that of auxin. different ph profiles for elongation have been obtained, however, depending on the type of pretreatment between harvest of the sections and the start of the ph-incubations. to determine the acid sensitivity under in vivo conditions, oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile, maize (zea mays l.) coleoptile and pea (p ... | 1991 | 11538124 |
| the outer epidermis of avena and maize coleoptiles is not a unique target for auxin in elongation growth. | a controversy exists as to whether or not the outer epidermis in coleoptiles is a unique target for auxin in elongation growth. the following evidence indicates that the outer epidermis is not the only auxin-responsive cell layer in either avena sativa l. or zea mays l. coleoptiles. coleoptile sections from which the epidermis has been removed by peeling elongate in response to auxin. the magnitude of the response is similar to that of intact sections provided the incubation solution contains bo ... | 1991 | 11538125 |
| dynamics of auxin movement in the gravistimulated leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa). | the role of auxin redistribution in the graviresponse of the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa l.) was assessed using 3h-indole-3-acetic acid (3h-iaa) preloaded into isolated pulvini. when pulvini were totally isolated from subtending nodal tissue as well as leaf-sheath and internode, gravistimulation failed to induce an asymmetric growth response. presence of either the nodal tissue or the internode/leaf-sheath tissue was sufficient to restore a normal graviresponse. gravistimulation of ... | 1991 | 11538277 |
| elongation growth of the leaf sheath base of avena sativa seedlings: regulation by hormones and sucrose. | the leaf sheath base of the seedling of avena sativa was characterized for growth response to hormones and sucrose. six day old plants, raised under a 10:14 hr light:dark cycle, were excised at the coleoptilar node and 1 cm above the node for treatment. the growth of the leaf sheath base was promoted by gibberellic acid (ga3) and this response was dose dependent. the lag to response initiation was approximately 4 hr. growth with or without ga3 (10 micromoles) was transient, diminishing appreciab ... | 1991 | 11538405 |
| basis for changes in the auxin-sensitivity of avena sativa (oat) leaf-sheath pulvini during the gravitropic response. | during the gravitropic response, auxin-sensitivity of the lower flanks of leaf-sheath pulvini of avena sativa (oat) is at least 1000-fold higher than those of the upper flanks and non-gravistimulated pulvini. when the pulvini are treated with 1 mm ca2+, a 10-fold increase in auxin-sensitivity of the pulvini is observed. related to this difference in auxin-sensitivity, in vitro activation of the vanadate-sensitive h(-)-atpase by iaa was observed. results show that the activation of the h(+)-atpas ... | 1995 | 11538414 |
| competency for graviresponse in the leaf-sheath pulvinus of avena sativa: onset to loss. | the development of the leaf-sheath pulvinus of oat (avena sativa l. cv. victory) was studied in terms of its competency to respond to gravistimulation. stages of onset of competency, maximum competency and loss of competency were identified, using the length of the supertending internode as a developmental marker. during the early phases in the onset of competency, the latency period between stimulus and graviresponse decreased and the steady state response rate increased significantly. when ful ... | 1988 | 11538847 |
| long-term acid-induced wall extension in an in-vitro system. | when frozen-thawed avena sativa l. coleoptile and cucumis sativa l. hypocotyl sections, under tension, are acid-treated, they undergo rapid elongation (acid-extension). the acid-extension response consists of two concurrent phases: a burst of extension which decays exponentially over 1-2 h (exe), and a constant rate of extension (ce) which can persist for at least 6h. the extension (delta l) is closely represented by the equation: delta l = a-a e(-kt) + c t where a is the total extension of the ... | 1987 | 11539098 |
| in vitro and in vivo protein phosphorylation in avena sativa l. coleoptiles: effects of ca2+, calmodulin antagonists, and auxin. | in vitro and in vivo protein phosphorylations in oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile segments were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. in vitro phosphorylation of several polypeptides was distinctly promoted at 1 to 15 micromolar free ca2+ concentrations. ca2(+)-stimulated phosphorylation was markedly reduced by trifluoperazine, chlorpromazine, and naphthalene sulfonamide (w7). two polypeptides were phosphorylated both un ... | 1986 | 11539102 |
| polyamine levels as related to growth, differentiation and senescence in protoplast-derived cultures of vigna aconitifolia and avena sativa. | we have previously reported that aseptically cultured mesophyll protoplasts of vigna divide rapidly and regenerate into complete plants, while mesophyll protoplasts of avena divide only sporadically and senesce rapidly after isolation. we measured polyamine titers in such cultures of vigna and avena, to study possible correlations between polyamines and cellular behavior. we also deliberately altered polyamine titer by the use of selective inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, noting the effects ... | 1985 | 11539806 |
| calcium bridges are not load-bearing cell-wall bonds in avena coleoptiles. | i examined the ability of frozen-thawed avena sativa l. coleoptile sections under applied load to extend in response to the calcium chelators ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid (egta) and 2-[(2-bis-[carboxymethyl]amino-5-methylphenoxy)methyl]-6-methoxy-8-bis[carboxymethyl]aminoquinoline (quin ii). addition of 5 mm egta to weakly buffered (0.1 mm, ph 6.2) solutions of 2(n-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (mes) initiated rapid extension and wall acidification. when ... | 1989 | 11539809 |
| suppression of gravitropic response of primary roots by submergence. | primary roots of six plant species were placed horizontally either in humid air or under water, and their growth and gravitropic responses were examined. in air, all the roots showed a normal gravitropic curvature. under water without aeration, roots of rice (oryza sativa l.), oat (avena sativa l.), azuki bean (vigna angularis ohwi et ohashi), and cress (lepidium sativum l.) curved downward at almost same rate as in air, whereas the curvature of roots of maize (zea mays l.) and pea (pisum sativu ... | 1996 | 11540722 |
| investigations into the possible regulation of negative gravitropic curvature in intact avena sativa plants and in isolated stem segments by ethylene and gibberellins. | using avena sativa l. cv. victory oat seedlings and excised p-1 stem segments (including the p-1 and p-2 internodes) the effect of exogenously supplied ethylene and the removal of ethylene on internodal extension and gravitropic bending was assessed. similarly, the ability of the excised system to respond to gravistimulation was assessed in the presence of inhibitors of ethylene action (agno3) and ethylene synthesis (3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid and benzyl isothiocyanate; bitc). the producti ... | 1985 | 11540850 |
| phototropism involves a lateral gradient of growth inhibitors, not of auxin. a review. | during phototropic curvature, indolyl-3-acetic acid (iaa) remains evenly distributed in the hypocotyl of sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) and in the oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptile. at the irradiated side, growth inhibiting substances accumulate. in sunflower, basipetal movement of a growth factor is not involved, since the top of the seedling can be covered or removed without affecting the photo-tropic response; this response, moreover, is independent of the rate of elongation growth. the chem ... | 1989 | 11541033 |
| changes in blue-light-dependent protein phosphorylation during the early development of etiolated oat seedlings. | blue light induced the phosphorylation of a 116-kda plasma-membrane-associated protein in dark-grown seedlings from avena sativa l. the response was restricted to the phototropically sensitive tissue of the coleoptile tip. surprisingly, this protein showed different properties in membrane preparations from plants that were grown for 3 d than in those from 5-d-old seedlings. in contrast to the younger coleoptiles, in 5-d-old seedlings phosphorylation of the 116-kda protein depended strictly on th ... | 1996 | 11541069 |
| coleoptiles are gravi-guiding systems vital for gravi-insensitive shoots of germinating grass seedlings. | surgical removal of the coleoptiles from germinating seedlings of secale cereale l., avena sativa l., and zea mays l. leads to a total loss of gravitropic response of the shoot without affecting growth. the principal function of coleoptiles is therefore to guide the gravi-insensitive shoot to the soil surface. | 1996 | 11541944 |
| gravitropism and phototropism of oat coleoptiles: post-tropic autostraightening and tissue shrinkage during tropism. | we measured changes in length on the two opposite sides of the red-light-grown oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles subjected to either gravitropic or phototropic stimulation and subsequently rotated on a horizontal clinostat. the length measurement was conducted using three 5 mm-long zones delimited by ink markers from the tip. curvature of each zone was analyzed from the length difference between the two sides. gravitropism was induced by displacing the seedling from the vertical by 30 degrees or ... | 1999 | 11542618 |
| genomic interspersions determine the size and complexity of transgene loci in transgenic plants produced by microprojectile bombardment. | the structure of transgene loci in six transgenic allohexaploid oat (avena sativa l.) lines produced using microprojectile bombardment was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) on extended dna fibers (fiber-fish). the transgene loci in five lines were composed of multiple copies of delivered dna interspersed with genomic dna fragments ranging in size from ca. 3 kb to at least several hundred kilobases, and in greater numbers than detected using southern blot analysis. alt ... | 2001 | 11550906 |
| intracellular localization of phytochrome in robinia pseudoacacia pulvini. | the intracellular localization of phytochrome in the pulvini of robinia pseudoacacia l. was analyzed by immunogold electron microscopy after red (r; 15 min) and far-red (fr; 5 min) irradiation 2 h after the beginning of the photoperiod. screening of the available antibodies by immunoblotting demonstrated that none of the oat (avena sativa l.) anti-phytochrome a (phy a) monoclonal antibodies) (mabs) detected robinia phytochrome. a putative robinia phy a was detected by immunoblotting using a mab ... | 2001 | 11556789 |
| an optomechanical transducer in the blue light receptor phototropin from avena sativa. | the phot1 (nph1) gene from avena sativa specifies the blue light receptor for phototropism, phototropin, which comprises two fmn-binding lov domains and a serine/threonine protein kinase domain. light exposure is conducive to autophosphorylation of the protein kinase domain. we have reconstituted a recombinant lov2 domain of a. sativa phototropin with various (13)c/(15)n-labeled isotopomers of the cofactor, fmn. the reconstituted protein samples were analyzed by nmr spectroscopy under dark and l ... | 2001 | 11606742 |
| glycoside carbamates from benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one detoxification in extracts and exudates of corn roots. | zea mays was incubated with the natural phytotoxin benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) to investigate the detoxification process. a hitherto unknown detoxification product, 1-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-beta-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate (3), was isolated and identified. a reinvestigation of known boa detoxification products by nmr methods led to the finding that the structure of benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one-n-beta-glucoside (1) first reported from avena sativa has to be revised. in fact, the correct struct ... | 2001 | 11672748 |
| molecular diversity and physical mapping of 5s rdna in wild and cultivated oat grasses (poaceae: aveneae). | 5s rdna repeats studied in five genera of aveneae have lengths between 285 and 329 bp (avena sativa, avena macrostachya, 26 species of helictotrichon, pseudarrhenatherum longifolium, lagurus ovatus, and trisetum spicatum). in only a single species (helictotrichon aetolicum) an additional repeat of 456 bp occurs infrequently. variation is largely due to insertions or deletions in the nontranscribed spacer as determined from sequences of 163 independent clones. the 5s gene of the aveneae studied i ... | 2001 | 11697916 |
| ruminal digestion by dairy cows grazing winter oats pasture supplemented with different levels and sources of protein. | six holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulae were used in two simultaneous 3 x 3 latin squares to study the effects of protein supplements on ruminal fermentation and in situ crude protein degradability. cows rotationally grazed a winter oats (avena sativa l.) pasture and were supplemented with one of three concentrate supplements: 1) low protein sunflower meal (l-sm); 2) high protein sunflower meal (h-sm); or 3) high protein feather meal (h-fm). concentrates (6.5 kg/d) were offered in equal p ... | 2001 | 11699458 |