Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination: an obligate nutritional requirement in bacillus thuringiensis for compounds that stimulate fatty acid synthesis. | the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis by compounds that are required for growth of bacillus thuringiensis was investigated using an vivo assay developed to measure fatty acid synthesis in germinating spores. a minimal glucose-ammonium-salts medium does not support growth even though previous radiorespirometric studies have shown b. thuringiensis to possess intact tricarboxylic acid and embden-meyerhof-parnas pathways. abundant growth does occur, however, when this medium is supplemented with ... | 1975 | 807563 |
| [the effect and fate of bacillus thuringiensis in mice inoculated intraperitoneally]. | 1975 | 808356 | |
| [elimination of the thermostable exotoxin from b. thuringiensis after ingestion in the mouse]. | when ingested by mice, the thermostable exotoxin is quickly eliminated in the "faeces", without fixation on the liver, the heart, the spleen or the kidneys. by quantitative study with a radio-active tritium-labelled exotoxin, this elimination is shown to be almost complete in 24 hours. | 1975 | 809165 |
| [the mycotoxin sensitivity of several bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) strains sensitive and resistant to aflatoxin b1]. | antimicrobial activity of pure preparations of seven mycotoxins, coumarin and dicoumarin, was studied against various strains of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). the acquisition of resistance to aflatoxin b1, by a new strain designated "stable variant", obtained in the presence of mycotoxin lethal dose, is very specific. however, a relation seems to exist between aflatoxin b1 susceptibility and sensitivity to compounds which possess a double furan ring. in vitro, coumarin exhibits an inhibitor ... | 1975 | 809186 |
| [inhibition of cytotoxic effects of b1 aflatoxin towards the bacterial cell by coumarin. role of other interfering factors]. | the coumarin has with some limits a repressive effect on the antibacterial power of aflatowin b1. it behaves towards cells of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) treated by the myocotoxic, like a curative agent. therefore, the reaction of microbial cells on the cytotoxic effect of aflatoxin b1 depends on the aeration of the culture and chiefly on the "inoculum effect". | 1975 | 811410 |
| [a bacillus thuringiensis berliner mutant resistant to oxytetracycline, with temperature-sensitive sporulation]. | sporulation of an oxytetracycline-resistant mutant is blocked at 37 degrees c and delayed at 30 degrees c; shift up and shift down (30-37 degrees c) and assays of some extra- and intracellular enzymes show that an early event (stage ii) is concerned. | 1975 | 813848 |
| bacterial membrane transport of beta-exotoxin, an anti-metabolite of rna synthesis. | 1976 | 815825 | |
| response of bacillus thuringiensis to bacteriophage cp-51. | bacteriophage cp-51, a transducing phage of bacillus cereus was able to replicate on all eight varieties of bacillus thuringiensis tested. three general plaque types were observed on each strain although one type predominated on each strain. the plaque size was uniform for each strain regardless of plaque type. the bacterial strain used as source of the phage had no effect on plaque type or size found on any host strain. cp-51 was stable in infected spores of b. thuringiensis var. kurstaki for a ... | 1976 | 816441 |
| [role of phagocytosis and soluble antibacterial factors in experimental immunization of locusta migratoria]. | last instar larvae of locusta migratoria can be protected ("vaccinated") against lethal doses of bacillus thuringiensis by previous injections of low doses of this pathogen. if iron saccharate is injected in to larvae prior to the administration of the "vaccinating" dose of bacillus thuringiensis, no antibacterial protection can be induced. injection of iron saccharate in to "vaccinated" larvae does not interfere with the induced protection; such larvae resist lethal doses. | 1976 | 821627 |
| [characteristics of bacillus thuringiensis berliner mutants, resistant to tetracycline, having retained or lost the ability to sporulate]. | quantitative analysis of extracellular protease, nadh-oxydase and glucose-deshydrogenase show that, from two mutants selected by their oxytetracycline resistance, one sporulates better than the parent strain, the other, which sporulates at 10(-5), has a stable extracellular protease activity and appears to be blocked at stage o-i. | 1976 | 821636 |
| [biochemical determination of b. thuringiensis thermostabile, exotoxin, using the inhibition of bacterial rna polymerases]. | this method can determine amounts of exotoxin near 1 mug. used on the autoclaved filtrates of cultures of b. thuringiensis var. thuringiensis (serotype 1 type-strain), it shows an excretion rate of 250 to 300 mug per millilitre. the results on different exotoxin-producer strains give a perfect parallelism with the results obtained by bio-assays on insects, but the biochemical method is more accurate and reproducible. this biochemical technique allows us, for the first time, to place the exotoxin ... | 1976 | 822953 |
| [the effect of repeated amputations on planarian regeneration in the presence of the heat-stable toxin from bacillus thuringiensis]. | the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis, which is an inhibitor of rna synthesis, inhibits planarian regeneration. planarians which have been cut twice at the same level are able to regenerate after the second section in the presence of the toxin. this indicates that the first amputation stimulates a synthesis of stable rnas which thus are available for regeneration at the moment of the second section. | 1976 | 825282 |
| [physicochemical characteristics of dna and the amino acid composition of bacillus phages]. | from five bacillus phages nucleic acids were isolated and identified as double-stranded dna of the at-type. their melting point was 85-86.5 degrees c, molecular weight 23.4-43.7x10(6) daltons. the content of dna in phage particles was 39.9-44.0%, the content of protein 55.7-56.1%. the examination of the amino acid composition in phages 125/50 and 617 revealed a low level of serine and the lack of methionine, while the remaining amino acid composition of bacillus phages was close to that of e. co ... | 1976 | 827122 |
| cytogenetic hazards from agricultural chemicals. i. a preliminary study on the responses of root meristems to exotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis a constituent of a microbial insecticide, thuricide. | it reported for the first time that the exotoxin, thuringiensin a, from bacillus thuringiensis, a component of the insecticide thuricide, inhibits spindle and cytokinesis and induces micronuclei, chromocentric nuclei and minor deviations in spindle activity. the binucleate cells also undergo mitosis yielding biprophases and bimetaphases. spindle seems to have been inhibited even in bimetaphase. microtubular systems and chromosomes are implicated as the primary targets. most effects resemble thos ... | 1977 | 840238 |
| characterization of the entomocidal parasporal crystal of bacillus thuringiensis. | the parasporal crystalline protoxin of bacillus thuringiensis contains a single glycoprotein subunit that has a molecular weight of approximately 1.2 x 10(5). the carbohydrate consists of glucose (3.8%) and mannose (1.8%). at alkaline ph, the proendotoxin is apparently solubilized and activated by an autolytic mechanism involving an inherent sulfhydryl protease that renders the protoxin insecticidal. activation generates protons, degraded polypeptides, sulfhydryl group reactivity, proteolytic ac ... | 1977 | 853031 |
| bioassay for homogeneous parasporal crystal of bacillus thuringiensis using the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. | a method for determining the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki parasporal crystal to the tabocco hornworm, manduca sexta, is described. the use of both mortality and weight loss data have provided a highly sensitive and reproducible bioassay that can be used to compare relative toxicities of crystals from other subspecies as well as toxic components contained therein. | 1977 | 869534 |
| [effect of aflatoxin b1 on the enzymatic activities of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner)]. | at 20 degrees c, aflatoxin b1, at a sublethal dose, decreases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1), alpha-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.20), esterase (ec 3.1.1.1), chymotrypsin (ec 3.4.21.1), leucine aminopeptidase (ec 3.4.11.1), and phosphoamidase (ec 3.9.1.1) biosynthesis in bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). in contrast, at 41 degrees c no significant decrease was observed. at this temperature, the mycotoxin is not destroyed or metabolized and bacterial cells are resistant to the toxin. | 1977 | 884628 |
| [isolation and preliminary characteristics of the extrachromosomal elements of bacillus thuringiensis dna]. | centrifugation of bacillus thuringiensis 351 dna in cscl-ethidium bromide density gradient has revealed, besides the main band of chromosomal dna (p = 1.56 g/cm2), some additional bands with higher density, which usually correspond cicle superhelix dnas, are revealed. 6 discrete bands are observed under electrophoresis of total fraction of minor dna bands, which suggests, that the preparation contains cicle dnas of different size. the treatment with dnase results in the appearance of 3 bands cor ... | 1977 | 892434 |
| [first results of the antibacterial defense reactions of locusta migratoria larva and imago]. | 1977 | 900783 | |
| [polylysogeny in bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae cultures]. | the culture of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae was shown to be polylysogenic. as has been found earlier, the culture has a phage with the original structure of particles whose tail possesses a special substructure called a "collar". the phage was described in detail as a phage of bac. thuringiensis 1-97 with a "collar". further studies of the culture of bac. thuringiensis var. galleriae 1-97 has shown that it also contains another phage which differs sharply from the first one in the morph ... | 1977 | 909472 |
| characterization of an intracellular protease isolated from bacillus thuringiensis sporulating cells and able to modify homologous rna polymerase. | 1977 | 923560 | |
| absence of beta-exotoxin in thuricide preparations. | the biological insecticide thuricide is produced from b. thuringiensis, berliner, var. kurstaki (serotype 3a, 3b), a bacterial strain which does not synthesize exotoxin. thus, our product is devoid of any c-mitotic or mutagenic potentiality such as is to be found in exotoxin. | 1977 | 923744 |
| evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis as a biocide of blackfly larvae (diptera: simuliidae). | 1977 | 925365 | |
| [effect of thermostabile exotoxin on the fertility of the fleas of the daughter generation]. | 1977 | 927383 | |
| [biological preparation, myasol, for the control of myiasis of sheep]. | 1977 | 929947 | |
| [ultrastructure of bacteriophages specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | fine structure of the phage specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae was studied. the head of the phage is of the elongated hexagonal shape, 600 x 360 a. the tail is 400 x 40 a large and has a thickening in the basal part (70 x 120 a). a so-called "collar" structure is found at the site where the head joins the tail. this a disc-shaped plate with a diameter of 120 a and a hole in the centre; 12 fillaments are attached to it radially and terminated with tines. it is possible that the st ... | 1976 | 979688 |
| bacillus thuringiensis enzyme-digested delta endotoxin: effect on cultured insect cells. | cells from three insect cell lines responded to the enzyme-digested delta endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis with swelling, lysis, and vesicle formation. sufficient toxin was taken up in 1 minute to cause half-maximal cell damage. cytoxic activity was neutralized by specific antiserum to the endotoxin. | 1976 | 982053 |
| mode of action of a purified antitumor protein from the proteinaceous crystal of baccillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis on yoshida ascites sarcoma cells. | a purified antitumor protein from the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis inhibits the growth of yoshida ascites sarcoma both in vivo and in vitro. exogenous respiration of the tumor cells was unaffected by the protein at a concentration as high as 500 mug/ml. the antitumor protein inhibits the uptake and incorporation of labeled precursors into macromolecules. however, the ratio of incorporation over uptake is not affected by the protein. further, the protein br ... | 1976 | 984772 |
| commercial formulations of bacillus thuringiensis for control of indian meal moth. | doses of four commercial formulations and one experimental formulation of bacillus thuringiensis berliner were mixed with the diet used to rear colonies of the indian meal moth plodia interpunctella (hübner). indian meal moth eggs were introduced to the treated diet, and the resultant adult emergence was tabulated. the experimental formulations ranked as follows in efficacy in controlling the indian meal moth: dipel (50% lethal concentration [lc50], 25 mg/kg) greater than bactospeine wp (lc50, 1 ... | 1976 | 984828 |
| [pathological changes in fleas caused by the action of bacillus thuringiensis exotoxin]. | pathogenic effect of the crystalline exotoxine of bacillus thuringiensis on the larvae of fleas was investigated. deformities and changes in the functions of organs and tissues caused by the exotoxin in larvae and imago developed from the latter result in the premature death of the individuals (to 100%) or in the sterility of the remaining fleas. | 1976 | 986601 |
| [analytical investigations of the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuriginiensis (author's transl)]. | biochemical properties of the crystalline delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis, such as stability and solubility in different solvents, were investigated. the dissolved compounds were characterized by gel-electrophoresis and gel-filtration. covalent and non-covalent bonds are responsible for the crystallisation of the protein molecules. the solubilisation of crystals with non-enzymatic solvents led to high molecular weight products (mw greater than or equal to 800,000) and to components wi ... | 1976 | 989654 |
| the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis: a new c-mitotic agent. | thuringiensin a, an exotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis, a constituent of the microbial insectide thuricide has been found to inhibit mitotic spindle, condense and scatter chromosomes. it may therefore be a promizing tool in future cell biological studies. | 1976 | 991999 |
| antitumor immunity against yoshida ascites sarcoma after treatment with the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. | 1976 | 992771 | |
| evidence for two immune inhibitors from bacillus thuringiensis interfering with the humoral defense system of saturniid pupae. | mutants of bacillus thuringiensis lacking either beta-exotoxin or gamma-endotoxin were compared for their virulence using pupae of a giant silk moth. known doses of viable log-phase bacteria were injected, and the response was followed as the number of viable bacteria in the hemolymph. the results obtained imply that, in the system used, neither the beta-exotoxin nor the gamma-endotoxin and the sporeforming ability are of importance for virulence. results with sterile culture filtrate from b. th ... | 1976 | 992874 |
| [electron microscopic study of intracellular growth of phage specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | ultrathin sections of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae infected by a specific phage were studied by electron microscopy. stages of the phage reproduction within the cell, from adsorption of phage particles to liberation of the phage from the cell, have been revealed. growth of the phage follows that of dna-containing phages. the yield of the phage is very high. | 1976 | 1004276 |
| [relationship between exoprotease activity, spore and crystal formation and virulence of bacteria of the group bacillus thuringiensis]. | experiments were carried out to investigate the activity, spore and crystal formation and virulence of bacillus thuringiensis. bacteria of this group showed different exoprotease activity. strains of one serotype differed in the level and time of occurrence of peak enzyme activity. exoprotease activity of the bacteria cannot be indicative of their toxicity because it did not correlate with their virulence. exoprotease activity can be used to characterize bacteria during their classification and ... | 1976 | 1026937 |
| methods for assessing field persistence of bacillus thuringiensis spores. | 1975 | 1090681 | |
| temperature-dependent inhibition of polyphenylalanine formation by the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1093882 | |
| polyamine and magnesium contents and polypeptide synthesis as a function of cell growth. | 1975 | 1096886 | |
| dependency of spermidine stimulation of polypeptide synthesis on the uracil content of messenger ribonucleic acid. | 1975 | 1106408 | |
| effect of ultraviolet and gamma rays on the activity of delta-endotoxin protein crystals of bacillus thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1112999 | |
| lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination: kinetics of fatty acid and macromolecular synthesis during spore germination and outgrowth of bacillus thuringiensis. | the timing and kinetics of fatty acid synthesis are delineated for bacillus thuringiensis spore germination and outgrowth by analyzing [u-14c]acetate and [2-3h]glycerol incorporation into chloroform-methanol-extractable and trichloroacetic acid-precipitable lipids. in addition to measurement of pulsed and continuous labeling of fatty acids, monitoring the incorporation of radioactive phenylalanine, thymidine, and uridine from the onset of germination through first cell division provides a profil ... | 1975 | 1116987 |
| effect of tree species on the coverage and field persistence of bacillus thuringiensis spores. | 1975 | 1117166 | |
| photoprotection against inactivation of bacillus thuringiensis spores by ultraviolet rays. | 1975 | 1117170 | |
| enhancement of immune response by the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis var thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1120067 | |
| effect of the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis on the biosynthesis and maturation of mouse liver nuclear rna. | the effect of the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis on the in vivo incorporation of [14-c] orotic acid into mouse liver nuclear rrna and low molecular weight rna was studied. the following results were obtained. 1. the exotoxin does not inhibit the synthesis of 45 s pre-rrna, but causes a breakdown of these molecules. 2. the exotoxin inhibits the conversion of 38 s pre-rrna into 32 s and 21 s. 3. the exotoxin inhibits the labelling of nuclear 5 s rna, whereas the labelling of 4.6 s pre-trna is ... | 1975 | 1125318 |
| production of molybdenum-coordinating compound by bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis (atcc 10792) produces a molybdenum reactive compound (given the trivial name chelin) during growth on iron-deficient medium. this compound accumulates in the culture medium in direct relation to the amount of l-arginine added and reaches a maximum concentration 24 to 48 h after the stationary phase of growth. chelin absorbs light in the ultraviolet region with absorption maxima at 315 and 248 nm and minima at 284 and 240 nm. chelin reacts with na2moo4, but not with mo2o4(h ... | 1975 | 1126915 |
| safety of bacillus thuringiensis for earthworms. | 1975 | 1151099 | |
| [identification of bacteriophages and study of the properties of phage-resistant mutants of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | 1975 | 1156618 | |
| evaluation of beta-exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis berliner for control of flies in chicken manure. | 1975 | 1159722 | |
| [larval development of hymenoptera parasites apanteles glomeratus l. and phanerotoma flavitestacea f. in caterpillars infected by bacillus thuringiensis berliner]. | 1975 | 1163945 | |
| [pathogenic activity of bacillus thuringiensis on glossina (diptera-muscidae). study on glossina tachinoides in the republic of chad]. | 1975 | 1167198 | |
| bacteria as insect pathogens. | 1975 | 1180511 | |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway and modified tricarboxylic acid cycle activity during growth and sporulation of bacillus thuringiensis. | enzymatic analyses of bacillus thuringiensis extracts suggest that a modified krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle (without alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) can operate during sporulation in conjunction with the glyoxylic acid cycle and the gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway. | 1975 | 1180554 |
| polyadenylation of rna in vitro in isolated chromatin and nuclei. | poly(a) is added post-transcriptionally to rna transcribed in vitro by endogenous form b dna-dependent rna polymerase bound to the template in isolated nuclei or chromatin. it is also added to processed fragments of the products from alpha-amanitin-resistant rna polymerases a and/or c. the poly(a) segments are of similar size to those found in nuclear rna pulse-labelled in vivo and are added onto the 3' terminus of rna chains (whether pre-existing, completed during the incubation in vitro or cre ... | 1975 | 1183434 |
| studies of the infection of the cockroaches (blattella germanica[l.]) with bac. thuringensis. | the results of an experimental infection of the cockroaches blattella germanica (l.) with some trade preparations containing bac. thuringensis spores are presented. biological studies supported by bacteriological and histological examinations of the excised intestines of the above insects have shown that the microorganisms studied are pathogenic for the cockroaches. this effect might be eventually applied as a biological method of eradication of the cockroaches in such environments, where chemic ... | 1975 | 1189795 |
| lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination: differential synthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids during spore germination and outgrowth of bacillus thuringiensis. | the biosynthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids during bacillus thuringiensis spore germination and outgrowth was studied by comparing pulsed and continuous labeling of these fatty acids with [u-14c]acetate. the relative specific activity of each fatty acid varies with time as the cell progresses through outgrowth. however, fatty acid synthesis does occur in two distinct phases. upon germination, acetate is incorporated only into the iso-isomers i-c13, i-c14, and i-c16; no ... | 1975 | 1194236 |
| sporeless mutants of bacillus thuringiensis. ii. mutants derived from var. thuringiensis and var. sotto. | three sporeless mutants of bacillus thuringiensis, 2 derived from var. thuringiensis and 1 from var. sotto were selected after mutagenic treatment. they were completely lacking in ability to form spores, yet maintained intact insecticidal activity. | 1975 | 1204774 |
| action of bacillus thuringiensis preparation against larch bud moth, zeiraphera diniana (gn.), enhanced by beta-exotoxin and ddt. | addition of either ddt or the supernatant of a centrifuged liquid culture of bacillus thuringiensis, serotype h1, containing beta-exotoxin, enhanced the action of the bacterial preparation thuricide 90 t against larvae of the larch pest zeiraphera diniana, increasing mortality from 53% to more than 80%. since ddt alone produced 57% mortality, its combined action corresponds to independent action. the preparation of beta-exotoxin, on the other hand, had only little effect alone but synergized the ... | 1975 | 1204775 |
| separation of spores and parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis in gradients of certain x-ray contrasting agents. | spores and parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis can be separated at moderate centrifugation speeds (10,000 to 12,000 rpm) in gradients of renografin or sodium diatrizoate. | 1975 | 1211935 |
| [specific phages used for differentiation of the entomopathogenic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis]. | the sensitivity to specific phages and morphological, physiological, and antigenic properties were compared among several strains of bacillus thuringiensis isolated from insects inhabiting various geographical zones. all 43 cultures assigned to bac. thuringiensis var. sotto and 198 among 170 cultures classed as bac. thuringiensis var. dendrolimus were found to belong to bac. thuringiensis var. dendrolimus. none of these cultures was resistant to its specific phage. the same was true of 22 studie ... | 1975 | 1214610 |
| observations on the nature of resistance in spodoptera litura (f.) (noctuidae: lepidoptera) to infection by bacillus thuringiensis berliner. | 1975 | 1218923 | |
| [the role of spores and crystals of bacillus thuringiensis berliner in the infection of laspeyresia pomonella l. (tortricidae) (author's transl)]. | susceptibility of laspeyresia pomonella to the crystal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis is demonstrated by forced and free ingestion of purified preparations. the effect of spores alone is weak and cannot be expressed by a relationship between dose and mortality. crystals and spores exhibit better activity when they are associated. | 1975 | 1227376 |
| [toxicity of various strains of bacillus thuringiensis isolated from dead larvae of prays olease bernard]. | 1975 | 1234620 | |
| effects of sesquiterpene lactones on the growth of bacillus thuringiensis. | two sesquiterpene lactones, hymenovin and tenulin, were tested for their effect on growth of two strains of bacillus thuringiensis. growth of both strains was 98% inhibited by 0.6 mg of tenulin per ml, but only 15 to 20% was inhibited by the same level of hymenovin. hymenovin appeared to have a mutagenic effect on b. thuringiensis cultures resulting in production of several variant strains. some of the variant strains had lost their ability to form spores and crystals. hymenovin also induced b. ... | 1976 | 1259409 |
| dormant spores of bacillus thuringiensis contain an inhibition of rna polymerase. | 1976 | 1259762 | |
| [antibacterial effect of various mycotoxins and fungal metabolites against bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) strains sensitive or resistant to aflatoxin b1]. | antimicrobial activity of pure preparations of mycotoxins and fungal metabolites was studied against strains of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). two resistant strains, called stable-variant, were isolated after treatment with high concentrations of aflatoxin b1. these strains were then resistant also towards compounds with a double furan system (aflatoxins b1, b2, g1, g2, and sterigmatocystin). | 1976 | 1277008 |
| efficacy of a flowable concentrate formulation of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) against larval mosquitoes in southern iran. | a flowable concentrate formulation of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) [bactimos fc (1000 itu/mg)] was evaluated for the control of mosquito larvae in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites in kazeroun (fars province), southern iran. a comparison was made with abate emulsifiable concentrate. bactimos fc caused 93-96% anopheline and 97% culicine larval mortality 24 h posttreatment in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites, when used at the rate of 0.2 cc/m2. abate (0.015 cc/m2) resulted in s ... | 1992 | 1279118 |
| the effects of agitation, sediment, and competition on the persistence and efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti). | the persistence and efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) were examined in aquatic microcosms under varying conditions of agitation, sediment content, and microbial competition. agitation was found to be the most important factor in maintaining persistence of bti cells and the bioavailability of bti toxin. sediment acted to decrease efficacy by increasing settling of the toxic particles, but did not decrease the persistence of bti cells were found, but efficacy of the bti end ... | 1992 | 1282879 |
| susceptibility of simulium (chirostilbia) pertinax kollar, 1832 (diptera, simuliidae) to bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis in an atypical breeding habitat. | 1992 | 1284991 | |
| expression of a chimeric camv 35s bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene in transgenic tobacco. | insecticidal transgenic tobacco plants containing a truncated bacillus thuringiensis cryia(b) crystal protein (icp) gene expressed from the camv 35s promoter were analyzed for icp gene expression under field and greenhouse conditions over the course of a growing season. we present new information on temporal and tissue-specific expression of a camv 35s/cryia(b) gene. levels of cryia(b) protein and mrna were compared in both homozygous and hemizygous lines throughout plant development. levels of ... | 1992 | 1285798 |
| [age specificity of the interaction of bacillus cells with a liquid-gas interface]. | the age specificity of the bacilli cells with liquid--gas interface was studied using flow cytofluorometry. this interactions is dependent on the position of the cell in the division cycle and not on the position of the cell in the dna replication cycle. | 1992 | 1297041 |
| [the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in bacillus subtilis]. | two recombinant plasmid pfz1 and pfz2 containing bti 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene in opposite insertion orientation were constructed. the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein of bti in bacillus subtilis was confirmed by western blotting. the mosquito-larvicidal activity against the larvae of aedes albopictus was shown by the bioassay. | 1992 | 1299031 |
| [an evaluation of the joint action of 2 species of entomopathogenic bacteria on mosquito larvae]. | 1992 | 1299762 | |
| synthetic cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis improved for high expression in plants. | a 1974 bp synthetic gene was constructed from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides in order to improve transgenic protein expression of the cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis in transgenic tobacco. the crystal toxin genes (cry) from b. thuringiensis are difficult to express in plants even when under the control of efficient plant regulatory sequences. we identified and eliminated five classes of sequence found throughout the cryiiia gene that mimic eukaryotic processing ... | 1992 | 1301214 |
| [construction and characterization of shuttle plasmid pbhg1 in bacillus thuringiensis and escherichia coli]. | the recombinant plasmid pbhga was constructed by ligating plasmid phta1030 from b. thuringiensis to plasmid pjh101 from e. coli. the recombinant plasmid pbhga was digested and deleted by various restriction enzymes, generating 14 derived recombinant plasmids differing in molecular weight. the expressible analysis for the plasmid pbhg1 from among the derived plasmids in e. coli hb101 and b. subtilis 168, the results proved the recombinant plasmid pbhg1 is carring promotive region, original region ... | 1992 | 1305826 |
| [comparison of mosquito larvicidal efficacy between microbial encapsulated bti (ebti) and standard bti (sbti)]. | a comparative study was conducted on the efficacy of mosquito larvicides ebti and sbti. the results showed that: 1. the residual efficacy of ebti was remarkably higher than that of sbti at 0.007-0.002ppm bti concentration (p < 0.01), the mosquito larvae mortality of ebti remained 100% until the 4th week; in contrast, the mosquito larva mortality of sbti gradually and obviously declined from the 2nd to 4th week after treatment (x2 = 8.17-24.08), and reached 0 at the 4th week. 2. the lowest bti co ... | 1992 | 1307279 |
| localized mutagenesis defines regions of the bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin involved in toxicity and specificity. | bacillus thuringiensis produces a variety of delta-endotoxins which bind to specific receptors in insect larval midguts. following insertion into the membrane there is an alteration of ion flux culminating in osmotic lysis. mutagenic oligonucleotides were used to define regions in one of these toxins involved in specificity and toxicity. one region is highly conserved among all toxins sequenced to date and many mutations resulted in loss of toxicity for three test lepidoptera. the mutant toxins ... | 1992 | 1310313 |
| location of a bombyx mori receptor binding region on a bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin. | receptor binding studies were performed with 125i-labeled trypsin-activated insecticidal toxins, cryia(a) and cryia(c), from bacillus thuringiensis on brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmv) prepared from bombyx mori larval midgut. bioassays were performed by gently force feeding b. mori with diluted toxins. cryia(a) toxin (ld50; 0.002 micrograms) was 200 times more active against b. mori larvae than cryia(c) toxin (ld50; 0.421 micrograms) and showed high-affinity saturable binding. the kd and the ... | 1992 | 1310681 |
| the mode of action of bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. | 1992 | 1311541 | |
| sensitivity to plating of escherichia coli cells expressing the crya gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis. | the gene (cyta) coding for the 27 kda polypeptide of the bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis mosquito larvicidal delta-endotoxin, was cloned into a plasmid containing the t7 bacteriophage promoter. the plasmid was used to transform an escherichia coli strain containing the t7 rna polymerase gene 1, under the control of lacp. loss of colony-forming ability without substantial lysis, associated with immediate inhibition of dna synthesis, was observed after induction of transformed cells. the c ... | 1992 | 1313146 |
| effect of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus thuringiensis on solid spinocellular carcinoma. | phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (piplc) from bacillus thuringiensis (0.11 units per ml) inhibited growth of ic-sofia carcinoma cell line in culture by 64%. the growth of transplanted carcinoma in hamsters was also inhibited by 29% at a dose of 4.9 units of piplc/kg animal/day. in addition, degeneration processes and a significant fibrosis of the tumour occurred. the functional, clinical, biochemical and haematological parameters studied were consistent with the established antitumo ... | 1992 | 1313607 |
| characterization of the ph-mediated solubility of bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego native delta-endotoxin crystals. | native crystals of bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego, a coleopteran-specific delta-endotoxin, were metabolically labelled with [35s]methionine. specific activity was 82,000 cpm/micrograms (2.44 ci/mmol). using a universal buffer formulated with the same ionic strength at every ph, we determined that native crystals dissolve above ph 10 and below ph 4. at the acidic ph, the rate of solubilization was substantially slower than at the alkaline ph. recrystallization rates for the toxin were simi ... | 1992 | 1315528 |
| [site-specific restrictases from bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis]. | the efficiency of bacteriophages cp-54 and cp-55 plating on bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis h18 (kum) is decreased about 10-fold as compared with the efficiency of plating on bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae h5 (gal). bacteriophages having propagated for one cycle in kum cells might be further grown in this strain without growth restriction. two site-specific restriction enzymes isolated from bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis were designated btki and btkii. the endonuclease ... | 1992 | 1320199 |
| isolation and partial characterization of binding proteins for immobilized delta endotoxin from solubilized brush border membrane vesicles of the silkworm, bombyx mori, and the common cutworm, spodoptera litura. | 1. brush border membrane vesicles (bbmv) were prepared from the bombyx mori, and spodoptera litura, midguts. bbmv was solubilized. 2. activated delta endotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis were immobilized. 3. solubilized bbmv proteins were applied to the toxin column and the proteins bound were analyzed by sds-page. 4. in the case of b. mori m(r) = 220,000, 150,000 and 130,000 and in the case of s. litura 160,000 bands were detected. 5. the bindings were inhibited by n-acetyl galactosamine and m ... | 1992 | 1323444 |
| acetylcholinesterases of the nematode steinernema carpocapsae. characterization of two types of amphiphilic forms differing in their mode of membrane association. | we analyzed the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase (ache) in the nematode steinernema carpocapsae. two major aches are involved in acetylcholine hydrolysis. the first class of ache is highly sensitive to eserine (ic50 = 0.05 microm). the corresponding molecular forms are: an amphiphilic 14s form converted into a hydrophilic 14.5s form by mild proteolysis and two hydrophilic 12s and 7s forms. reduction of the amphiphilic 14s form with 10 mm dithiothreitol produces hydrophilic 7s and 4s forms ... | 1992 | 1323459 |
| [modification and expression of insecticidal protein structural gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai 7-29]. | the regulative region (181bp) and the fifth toxic active domain (217bp) were removed from the insecticidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai 7-29. after the synthesis of the adaptor (15bp) that contains initiation codon (atg) and the pcr synthesis of the fifth toxic active domain (229bp) that contains stop codon (taa), were inserted into on 5' truncated and 3' truncated of the coding fod n-terminal peptid's dna fragment, that to become a modified structural gene. the modified s ... | 1992 | 1323897 |
| is231d, e and f, three new insertion sequences in bacillus thuringiensis: extension of the is231 family. | is231 constitutes a family of insertion sequences widespread among bacillus thuringiensis subspecies. three new is231 variants have been isolated from b. thuringiensis subspecies finitimus (is231 d and e) and israelensis (is231f). like the previously described is231a, b and c, these 1.7 kb elements display single open reading frames encoding 477/478-amino-acid proteins which share between 72% and 88% identity with those of the other members of the family. sequence comparisons also reveal that al ... | 1992 | 1324390 |
| genomic amplification and expression of delta-endotoxin fragment of bacillus thuringiensis. | delta-endotoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis hd-1 var kurstaki codes for the insecticidal crystal protein (icp) specific for lepidopteran insects. since the n-terminal half of the toxin is sufficient both for insect specificity and toxicity, the coding sequence of this part of the gene cryia(b) was amplified by pcr and cloned in puc19. as there was no expression of immunologically detectable delta-endotoxin in this clone in e. coli, the amplified icp gene was transferred to an expression vecto ... | 1992 | 1326952 |
| substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus examined using the resolved enantiomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate). | the substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is examined using the resolved optical isomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate), a chromogenic substrate for the phospholipase. the synthetic route employs mild acid-labile protecting groups and separation of the substituted myo-inositol enantiomers as the (-)-camphanyl ester diastereomers. measurements of the initial rates of cleavage of the d and l enantiomers of the nitro ... | 1992 | 1327107 |
| effects of ph on conformational properties related to the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin. | the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki is an intracellular crystalline proteinaceous inclusion which, upon ingestion, is toxic to lepidopteran insects. upon dissolution at ph > 9 it yields a protein subunit called protoxin. under appropriate conditions, protoxin is hydrolyzed to a toxin molecule, which is responsible for killing the insect. it is known that this toxic activity decreases considerably above ph 10. in this study, circular dichroism spectroscopy has been u ... | 1992 | 1327158 |
| processing of delta-endotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 and hd-73 by gut juices of various insect larvae. | midgut juices were prepared from adoxophyes sp., smaller tea tortrix (stt); bombyx mori, silkworm (sw); spodoptera litura, common cutworm (ccw); plutella xylostella, diamondback moth (dbm); and musca domestica, housefly (hf) and immobilized onto sepharose 4b. delta-endotoxins (icps) from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 and hd-73 were digested by these immobilized gut juice proteases. all gut juices tested derived relatively proteolytic resistant cores from icp. the molecular sizes of ... | 1992 | 1328398 |
| the delta-endotoxin protein family displays a hydrophobic motif that might be implicated in toxicity. | a computer-based analysis of hydropathy and surface probability of representative members of each class of the cry family of proteins was performed. a highly conserved hydrophobic motif within the previously described block, d2, is present not only in lepidopteran toxin genes but also in toxins active against diptera and coleoptera. an interesting feature of this hydrophobic motif is the presence of an aspartic residue (highly hydrophilic) in its middle part. comparison with the amino acid seque ... | 1992 | 1328811 |
| purification and crystallization of insecticidal delta-endotoxin cryiiib2 from bacillus thuringiensis. | cryiiib2, an insecticidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis has been crystallized from 0.6 m nabr and hepes buffer at ph 7.0 and x-ray diffraction data collected on a native crystal to 2.4 a. the insecticidal protein was obtained from a bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strain eg7231. crystals of the endotoxin are orthorhombic, space group c2221, with unit cell dimensions of a = 122.44, b = 131.81, and c = 105.37 a. a unit cell contains one molecule of the 67,000 da endotoxin per asymmetric unit. | 1992 | 1329083 |
| glycolipid-anchored acetylcholinesterases from rabbit lymphocytes and erythrocytes differ in their sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c. | the type of membrane association of acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) was studied in rabbit lymphocytes and erythrocytes. in both cases, the unique ache molecular form was an amphiphilic dimer (referred to as g2a) anchored in the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol. in lymphocytes, g2a ache was directly converted into its hydrophilic g2h counterpart by a treatment with bacillus thuringiensis phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase c (pi-plc, ec 3.1.4.10). in erythrocytes, ache was resist ... | 1992 | 1329966 |
| tetracycline enhances tn916-mediated conjugal transfer. | pregrowth of the donor on medium containing tetracycline increased conjugative transposition of tn916 and the transposon-dependent mobilization of pc194 19- to 119-fold in matings between bacillus subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. tn916 and pc194 transferred independently under these conditions. when enterococcus faecalis was the donor and b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis the recipient, pregrowth in tetracycline increased the conjugative transposition frequency by approx ... | 1992 | 1334267 |
| structural comparisons between the soluble and the gpi-anchored forms of the paramecium temperature-specific 156g surface antigen. | biosynthetic labelling experiments performed on p primaurelia strain 156, expressing the temperature-specific g surface antigen, 156g sag, demonstrated that the purified 156g sag contained the components characteristic of a gpi-anchor. [3h]ethanolamine, [3h]myo-inositol, [32p]phosphoric acid and [3h]myristic acid could all be incorporated into the surface antigen. myristic acid labelling was lost after treatment in vitro with bacillus thuringiensis phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c ( ... | 1992 | 1335331 |
| [morphology and delta-endotoxin proteins of bacillus thuringiensis from soils and their toxicities to insects]. | 94 strains of bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from soils in southwest and northwest of china. the morphology of cells, spores and parasporal crystals of these strains was investigated under transmission and scanning electro-microscope. proteins of delta-endotoxins from all strains were analysed by rapid sds-page. 9 species of insects in lepidoptera, coleoptera and diptera were tested for assay of delta-endotoxins. some kinds of parasporal crystals were quite different in form and in composi ... | 1992 | 1338553 |
| characterization and properties of a novel plasmid vector for bacillus thuringiensis displaying compatibility with host plasmids. | a novel plasmid vector, composed of a 1.7-kb bacillus thuringiensis (b.t.) replicon, a multiple cloning site, and an erythromycin-resistance marker gene from bacillus subtilis, was constructed for use in b.t. unlike other vectors which have been reported to be acceptable for b.t., this new b.t. vector was stably maintained in the absence of er and did not displace host plasmids, some of which carry crystal protein-encoding genes (cry genes). the compatibility of this b.t. vector with native plas ... | 1992 | 1339372 |
| isolation and partial purification of cytochrome oxidases from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis hd-567. | analyses of the cell membrane fractions by spectral absorbance revealed the presence of cytochrome c and three cytochrome oxidases in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis hd-567-cytochromes a+a3, d, and o. a modified procedure was used to purify the cytochrome c:o complex from this organism. the oxidase complex was first solubilized from a sonic-disrupted cell membrane fraction (r3 fraction) using deoxycholate and kcl. the resulting soluble fraction was further purified by sephadex g-50 gel ... | 1992 | 1341999 |