Publications

thermal analysis of the spores of bacillus cereus with special reference to heat activation.	the heat activation of bacterial spores was studied by means of differential thermal analysis in the temperature range 30-110 degrees c using the spores of bacillus cereus. the thermogram showed three endothermic peaks at 56, 95, and 103 degrees c with one exothermic peak at 105 degrees c during the heating process. the spore coat separated from the native spores also showed a peak at 56 degrees c on its heating thermogram. the peak at 56 degrees c was reversible for both native spores and the s ...	1978	105794
[bacillus cereus septicemia (author's transl)].		1978	106146
the spectrum of bacillus bacteremias in heroin addicts.	bacillus bacteremias occurred in two heroin addicts. the first patient had one day of fever and chills after intravenous heroin use. persistent cereus bacteremia consistent with endocarditis was documented and responded to four weeks of antibiotic therapy. the second patient had non-cereus bacillus species isolated from blood cultures three times over eight days, each time after renewed heroin use. the patient remained well, and the bacteremias cleared spontaneously. because bacillus species fre ...	1979	106784
preliminary experimental data on inhibition of beta-lactamase i from b. cereus by cu (++) and zn(++).		1978	106864
interaction of phenosafranine with nucleic acids and model polyphosphates. iii. heterogeneity in phenosafranine interactions with dna base pairs.	fluorescence and circular dichroism spectral measurements, thermal denaturation studies and binding competition experiments with netropsin and actinomycin d were carried out in systems containing phenosafranine bound to dna's differing in base composition. the investigated properties exhibit a heterogeneity related to the content of a.t and g.c pairs in dna and to the nature of phenosafranine binding modes. at low level of saturation of binding sites (r less than 0.1) phenosafranine does not sho ...	1979	106900
severe clinical conditions associated with bacillus cereus and the apparent involvement of exotoxins.	twenty-one cases of infection with bacillus cereus are summarised. the histories supplied showed that at least 15 of these were associated with severe or potentially severe symptoms including two deaths. analysis of the production of exotoxins, including haemolysin and phospholipase, by these strains is given, and the relevance of these metabolites to the severity of the condition is discussed. three incidents of bovine mastitis resulting from b. cereus and involving three deaths are also includ ...	1979	107202
[inorganic ion transport in bacteria].		1979	107670
[infrared spectra of bacillus cereus cells].		1979	108522
[change in the constructive metabolism and ultrastructural organization of bacillus cereus cells under the influence of a specific autoregulatory factor].	it has been found for the first time that an increase in the concentration of a specific autoregulatory factor in the medium is responsible for the hypometabolic state of vegetative cells; no principal cellular biopolymers are synthesized at this state (dna, rna, proteins and phospholipids), and no cellular structures are degraded. when the culture reverses to vegetative growth observed in the same medium, synthesis of the biopolymers is intensified and changes are detected in the ultrastructura ...	1979	108528
catalytic and conformational properties of cross-linked derivatives of penicillinase.		1979	109124
a hospital food-borne outbreak of diarrhea caused by bacillus cereus: clinical, epidemiologic, and microbiologic studies.	an outbreak of diarrhea involving 28 patients occurred in two wards of a chronic disease hospital. the illness was characterized by abdominal cramps and watery diarrhea without vomiting or fever. an epidemiologic investigation suggested food-borne intoxication and incriminated turkey loaf served at the preceding evening meal as the source of the outbreak. bacillus cereus was isolated both from the stool of all 14 symptomatic patients who were cultured and from turkey loaf. no other enteropathoge ...	1979	109549
bacillus cereus panophthalmitis after intravenous heroin.	two healthy young black men developed panophthalmitis after intravenous heroin injections. bacillus cereus, considered to be a relatively noncommon pathogen for man, was found to be the causative agent as it was recovered from the anterior chamber and viterous cavity of both cases. the ocular findings were unilateral in each case, and neither patient had any sistemic involvement from the bacteremia. the onset of visual symptoms varied from 24 to 36 hours after the last intravenous injection with ...	1979	110208
purification of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus by hydrophobic chromatography on palmitoyl cellulose.	phospholipase c (phosphatidylcholine choline-phosphohydrolase, ec 3.1.4.e) from bacillus cereus (iam-1208) was adsorbed to palmitoyl cellulose from a crude enzyme solution at ph 5--9. the adsorption was not influenced by ionic strength up to 2 m nacl. the adsorbed enzyme was eluted almost completely by washing the cellulose with a suitable detergent, such as triton x-100, adekatol so-120, cation dt-205, or sodium deoxycholate. the enzyme was then purified by column chromatography on a palmitoyla ...	1979	110896
[bacteria of current interest. 4. new infections caused by known bacteria-- beta group streptococcus, haemophilus influenzae, aeromonas and bacillus infections].		1979	110966
infectious diarrhea.		1979	111270
[pathogenicity of aerobically sporulating microorganisms: bacillus cereus].	the pathogenicity of the metabolites of b. cereus was determined by bioassays with white mice, chick embryos, rabbits, and kittens. cell-free filtrates of the cultures of several strains of b. cereus were used for application; in the mice the application was done i. v., i. p. and p. o., in the chick embryos via the allantoic sac, in the kittens p. o. and i. p., in the rabbits via tied-up sections of the small intestine by the loop-test method. it was revealed that some strains of b. cereus produ ...	1979	111402
[structural changes in spores under high temperature exposure].	the electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of b. cereus spores showed that no lysis and destructive changes occurred in the main structural components of the spores when heated to 99 degrees c (in distilled water). by the time 99% of the population were destroyed, the spores seemed to preserve the exosporium of the sporoderm, the cortex and the sporoblast intact. even autoclaving at 120 degrees c for 15 min brought about no visible changes in the ultrastructure of the spores, though it killed ...	1979	111441
biochemical changes occurring during microcycle sporogenesis of bacillus cereus t.		1979	111675
inhibition of germination of bacillus cereus t spores by phenylglyoxal.	phenylgloxal at a concentration of 0.6 mm inhibited germination of bacillus cereus t spores as characterized by a decrease in absorbance, dipicolinic acid and loss in heat resistance in a chemically defined growth and sporulation medium. in a germination medium containing l-alanine and adenosine, phenylglyoxal inhibited decrease in absorbance and affected partial loss of viability. it is postulated that phenylglyoxal interacts with free amino groups of various enzymes or amino compounds present ...	1979	112015
[toxins and enzymes of several species of bacillus, especially of the b. cereus-thuringiensis group (author's transl)].	in the examined strains the production of following toxins or enzymes was determined by bioassay or by semiquantitative and routine diagnostical tests: delta-endotoxin, alpha-exotoxin, beta-exotoxin hemolysin, phospholipase c, proteinase. the production of delta-endotoxin (= a parasporal crystal toxic for several insects) is the only character in that b. thuringiensis differs from b. cereus. other biochemical features as production of so-called alpha-exotoxin (= soluble toxic protein), hemolysin ...	1979	112804
unfolding and refolding of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus in solutions of guanidinium chloride.	1. protein-fluorescence studies indicated that phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is denatured in solutions of guanidinium chloride. the denaturation was not thermodynamically reversible and followed biphasic kinetics. 2. guanidinium chloride solutions released the structural zn2+ from the enzyme and rendered all histidine residues chemically reactive. in the presence of free zn1+ the enzyme was much more resistant to denaturation. also, the addition for free zn2+ to the denatured enzyme induc ...	1979	113000
physiological studies of a temperature-sensitive sporulation mutant of bacillus cereus t.	growth of temperature-sensitive mutant bacillus cereus t js22-c occurred normally at the restrictive temperature (37 degrees c), but sporulation was blocked at stage 0. the production of extracellular and intracellular proteases and of alkaline phosphatase occurred at 37 degrees c, but the expression of a functional tricarboxylic acid cycle did not. at the permissive temperature (26 degrees c), the mutant sporulated at a slightly lower frequency (60%) and at a lower rate than the parent strain. ...	1979	113065
the effect of transition metal ions on the resistance of bacterial spores to hydrogen peroxide and to heat.	the presence of 10 microm-cu2+ increased the lethal effect of hydrogen peroxide on spores of clostridium bifermentans but not on those of clostridium sporogenes pa 3679, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus or bacillus subtilis var. niger. cu2+ at 100 mum also increased the lethal effect of heat on spores of c. bifermentans but not on those of b. sutilis var. niger. the rate and extent of cu2+ uptake by spores of c. bifermentans and b. subtilis var. niger were similar, but examination of uns ...	1979	113488
how specific is the effect of penicillins on the conformation of penicillinase? an experimental model.		1979	113659
[cryoresistance during sporulation in bacillus (author's transl)].	the maximal resistance at -- 20 degrees c is obtained as soon as stage v of sporulation in bacillus cereus and for the spore of the mutant marburg strain of b. subtilis bloked at stage v of sporulation.	1979	114081
microbiological transformations of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid.	a screening program was conducted to find microorganisms that modify the synthetic cannabinoid nabilone. after purification, the products from three cultures were analyzed by spectral methods to determine their chemical structures. an optically active 9s-hydroxy-6ar,10ar-trans cannabinoid was isolated from a culture of an unidentified soil bacterium designated a24007. from bacillus cereus cultures were isolated a 9s,6'-dihydroxy-6ar,10ar-trans cannabinoid, a 9s-hydroxy-6'-keto-6ar,10ar-trans can ...	1979	114111
two gas-gangrene-like infections due to bacillus cereus.	two cases of postoperative gas-gangrene-like infection due to bacillus cereus are reported, drawing attention to the fact that bacillus cereus, a common environmental bacterium, can occasionally give rise to severe post-operative infection. characteristics of the organism related to the epidemiology and pathogenesis of such infections are discussed.	1979	114263
bacillus cereus: not a contaminant.		1979	114678
polioencephalomalacia in range cattle.	polioencephalomalacia developed in 27 of 225 cattle grazing on 486 hectares of dry, short, grama grass pasture. chemicals in drinking water, toxin from nitrate-utilizing ruminal bacteria, and documented poisonous plants were considered as etiologic agents. attempts to reproduce the disease by injecting mice and dosing sheep with broth filtrate from nitrate-utilizing ruminal bacteria were not successful. mushrooms collected from the pasture and fed to a cow did not reproduce the disease.	1979	115820
anomeric configuration of n-acetylglucosaminyl phosphorylundecaprenols formed in bacillus cereus membranes.	the structural difference was studied between two n-acetylglucosaminyl phosphorylundecaprenols formed by incubation of bacillus cereus membranes with udp-n-acetylglucosamine. on the treatment with 50% phenol, the major one of these glycolipids (lipid 1) yielded a saccharide phosphate, while the other (lipid 2) yielded n-acetylglucosamine along with a saccharide phosphate. the saccharide phosphates from lipids 1 and 2 were identified as alpha-n-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate and its beta-anomer, r ...	1979	115872
cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins of staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis active in the conversion of [14c]penicillin g to [14c]phenylacetylglycine.	breakdown of the covalent complex formed between [14c]penicillin g and higher molecular weight, cephalosporin-sensitive penicillin-binding proteins was studied using mixtures of the purified proteins isolated from membranes of staphylococcus aureus and bacillus subtilis. these penicillin-binding proteins were found to release the bound 14c label in a first order process characterized by half-lives of 10 to 300 min at 37 degrees c. denaturation of the penicilloyl.penicillin-binding proctein compl ...	1979	115876
the bacillus cereus toxin: isolation of permeability factor.	the bacillus cereus protein has been obtained from culture fluid in homogenic form as indicated by sds-disc electrophoresis and immunodiffusion not described before. the protein has a molecular weight of 100000 daltons. purification was accomplished by the following steps: (1) removal of ballast nitrous components with de-32 cellulose at ph 7.2; (2) removal of the proteins from the culture filtrate (deluted four times by water) with de-32 cellulose at ph 8.6; (3) elution by 0.005 m tris-hcl buff ...	1979	116438
the action of bacillus cereus phospholipase c on central-nervous-system myelin in freshly isolated and freeze-dried resuspended forms [proceedings].		1979	116892
recovery from bacillus cereus sepsis.	a patient with acute leukemia developed two separate episodes of bacillus cereus septicemia during one hospitalization. leukopenia as a consequence of cytotoxic chemotherapy preceded both illnesses. the course of the infections was favorably influenced by the return of adequate numbers of circulating granulocytes and aminoglycoside therapy. only one other compromised host is known to have recovered from this otherwise fatal disease.	1979	117555
effect of dyes on the quantitative recovery of yersinia enterocolitica.	a total of 69 dyes were incorporated separately at different concentrations into an agar medium for evaluation of their effects on the quantitative recovery of five serotypes of yersinia enterocolitica. one strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa and one strain of bacillus cereus were included for comparative purposes. certain dyes were evaluated further for their selective properties with five additional serotypes of y. enterocolitica, three strains of p. aeruginosa, and two of engerobacter spp. metan ...	1979	117750
spore survival during batch dry rendering of abattoir waste.	normal batch dry rendering practice does not ensure sterile products, because bacterial spores are protected against thermal denaturation by the high fat-low water content environment which results from drying the materials at temperatures below those required for sterilization.	1979	117753
dielectric properties of native and decoated spores of bacillus megaterium.	a general model for use in interpreting dielectric data obtained with bacterial endospores is developed and applied to past results for bacillus cereus spores and new results for bacillus megaterium spores. the latter were also subjected to a decoating treatment to yield dormant cells with damaged outer membranes that could be germinated with lysozyme. for both spore types, core ions appeared to be completely immobilized, and decoating of b. megaterium spores did not affect this extreme state of ...	1979	118161
anti-riboflavin activity of 8-o-alkyl derivatives of riboflavin in some gram-positive bacteria.	two new 8-o-alkyl derivatives of riboflavin (rf), i.e., 8-methoxy- (mof), and 8-ethoxy-8-demethyl-d-riboflavin (eof), their tetraacetate, and the tetraacetate of 8-hydroxy-8-demethyl-d-riboflavin (hof) were synthesized. the anti-rf activity of mof, eof and hof was estimated from the ratio cr/ci, where ci is the concentration of test flavin added to the culture medium and cr is the minimum concentration of rf needed to restore the growth inhibition. their activity was also compared with that of r ...	1979	118241
[enterotoxigenecity of bacillus cerous].		1979	118505
studies on bacterial cell wall inhibitors. viii. mode of action of a new antibiotic, azureomycin b, in bacillus cereus t.	azureomycin b, a new antibiotic which contains sugar, amino acid and phenol moieties and inhibits gram-positive bacteria, was found to be a specific inhibitor of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacteria. the antibiotic lysed growing cells of bacillus cereus t at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml but did not affect resting cells. microscopical observation revealed swelling and lysis of the bacterial rods when treated with azureomycin b. the incorporation of [3h]diaminopimelic acid or [14c]glucosamin ...	1979	118956
effects of lysozyme on bacillus cereus 569: rupture of chains of bacteria and enhancement of sensitivity to autolysins.	bacillus cereus 569 is known to be resistant to lysis by lysozyme because of the presence of deacetylated glucosamine residues in its peptidoglycan, and cultures continued to grow even in the presence of lysozyme at 200 microgram ml-1. however, lysozyme caused rupture of the chains of bacteria and promoted the rate of autolysis in a non-growing cell suspension, causing a doubling of the rate of release of radioactively labelled wall material. heat-inactivated cells did not autolyse and were not ...	1979	119028
[biosynthesis of leucine in a reductoisomerase non inducible mutant of bacillus cereus t].		1979	119554
bacillus cereus septic arthritis following arthrography.	organisms of bacillus species usually are common laboratory contaminants and nonpathogenic in humans. recently, however, it has been suggested that cultures growing common bacillus species may indeed represent significant infections and should not always be disregarded. a 24-year-old man developed bacillus cereus septic arthritis following routine arthrography, which is an example of a serious orthopedic infection that can be caused by this supposedly nonpathogenic organism.	1979	119603
[effect of the amount of the nutrient medium and the action of small concentrations of noxious substances on the heat production in bacterial broth cultures].		1979	119622
bacillus cereus wound infections.		1979	119794
the growth and form of bacterial colonies.	a simple method is described for measuring the profile of bacterial colonies. profiles were determined for colonies of bacillus cereus, escherichia coli and staphylococcus albus of different ages. in spite of differences in cell morphology, the colony profiles had a common basic structure consisting of steeply rising leading edge connected by a ridge to an interior region where height also rose, though less steeply, to a flat or domed centre. the colony mass increased exponentially through part ...	1979	120410
[studies to investigate the ecological importance of the mass development of hydrodictyon reticulatum in infiltration basins for drinking water. iii. identification of the active components by the use of spectroscopic methods and gas chromatography (author's transl)].	antibacterial substances from h. reticulatum, that was harvested from its natural habitat or grown under culture conditions, could be isolated by extraction with ethanol or by steam destillation from cells as well as from culture filtrate. the active substances were tested by gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry and characterized as a fraction of saturated fatty acids. its composition seems to depend on external circumstances or culture conditions, respectively, becaus ...	1979	120652
[inhibition of bacillus cereus beta-lactamase by dicloxacillin].		1979	121024
some properties of a cell-free cortisol 1,2-dehydrogenating system from bacillus cereus.		1977	121321
[microbiological aspects of stored hard-boiled eggs].	hard-bioled eggs in the shell were without any pretreatment stored in air at 20 degrees c and 4 degrees c. furthermore the keeping quality of varnish-coated eggs stored in air at 20 degrees c and of untreated eggs stored in 100% carbon dioxide at the same temperature was studied. hard-boiled eggs stored at 4 degrees c and varnish-coated eggs stored at 20 degrees c were of excellent bacteriological quality up to 5 weeks. untreated eggs stored in air at 20 degrees c showed high microbiological con ...	1979	121493
the lipid requirement of the (ca2+ + mg2+)-atpase in the human erythrocyte membrane, as studied by various highly purified phospholipases.	1. when complete hydrolysis of glycerophosphlipids and sphingomyelin in the outer membrane leaflet is brought about by treatment of intact red blood cells with phospholipase a2 and sphingomyelinase c, the (ca2+ + mg2+)-atpase activity is not affected. 2. complete hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, by treatment of leaky ghosts with spingomyelinase c, does not lead to an inactivation of the (ca2+ + mg2+)-atpase. 3. treatment of ghosts with phospholipase a2 (from either procine pancreas of naja naja veno ...	1977	137746
phosphatidylinositol as the endogenous activator of the (na+ + k+)-atpase in microsomes of rabbit kidney.	incubation of rabbit kidney microsomes with pig pancreatic phospholipase a2 produced residual membrane preparations with very low (na+ + k+)-atpase activity. the activity could be restored by recombination with lipid vesicles of negatively-charged glycerophospholipids. vesicles of pure phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were virtually inactive in this respect, but could reactivate in the presence of cholate. incubation of the microsomes with a combination of phospholipase c (bacill ...	1978	147707
[case with the clinical manifestation of anthrax etiologically related to b. cereus].		1978	152230
asymmetry of influenza virus membrane bilayer demonstrated with phospholipase c.		1975	163976
a method for the quantitative determination of glycerolipids containing o-alkyl and o-alk-1-enyl moieties.	we have developed a spectrophotometric procedure, based on a combination of established methods, for the quantitative determination of aklyl and alk-1-enyl (plasmalogens) ether-linked glycerolipids. it depends upon the release of alkylglycerols and alk-1-enylglycerols from phospholipids by phosphlipase c (bacillus cereus) followed by saponification or by vitride reduction the phospholipids; aldehydes are subsequently formed and measured colorimetrically after reacting them with a fuchsin reagent ...	1975	164236
changes in phosoholipid susceptibility toward phospholipases induced by atp depletion in avian and amphibian erythrocyte membranes.	about half of the sphingomyelin content of fresh and atp-depleted chicken erythrocytes is hydrolysed by sphingomyelinase. removal of spingomyelin exposes the rest of the membrane phospholipids to hydrolysis by phospholipase c only in atp-depleted but not in fresh cells. addition of both sphinogomyelinase and phospholipase c to atp-depleted cells causes about 60-70 percent hydrolysis of the total phospholipids accompanied by extensive (90 percent) hemolysis. the phospholipids of toad erythrocytes ...	1975	164239
relationship between the dna content and mesosome number in cells of bacillus.	in cells of bacillus there is evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid forms an association with some membranous structure within the cell, possibly mesosomes. cells of varieties of bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis were examined to see if any quantitative relationship existed between the numbers of mesosomes and dna content. no direct relationship could be domonstrated. however, cells of bacillus cereus var. alesti a(-) maintained a characteristic and constant dna content and number of mesosomes ...	1975	164998
beta-lactamase (bacillus cereus).		1975	166286
phospholipase c catalyzed formation of sphinogomyelin--14c from lecithin and n-(-14c)-oleoyl-sphingosine.	commercial preparations of clostreidium perfringens were incubated with phosphatidyl choline and n-1-(-14c) oleoylsphingosine. a radioactive product was formed which cochromatogramed with spingomyelin standard in three different solvent systems. several other phospholipases and phosphatases were unable to catalyze this reaction. neither choline, phosphoryl choline, cytidine diphosphate choline nor p-nitrophenyl phosphoryl choline were acitve donors. sphingomyelin was only slightly active as ...	1975	167259
inactivation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase during germination and outgrowth of bacillus cereus t endospores.	the specific activity and total activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.49) under conditions of complete cell breakage fall 10-20-fold during a 3h period of spore germination and outgrowth. the spores must germinate (lose refractility), but do not have to undergo outgrowth, for the loss of activity to occur. glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity from cells as any stage of development is completely stable in extracts at 4 degrees c or 30 degrees c. all of the enzyme activity ...	1975	168884
inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase by pure and impure c-type phospholipases. reactivation by phospholipid dispersions and protection by serum albumin.	1. pure or impure c-type phospholipases hydrolysed rat liver microsomal phosphatides in situ at 5 degrees or 37 degrees c. at 5 degrees c mean hydrolysis of total phospholipids was 90% by bacillus cereus and 75% by clostridium perfringens (clostridium welchii) c-type phospholipases. 2. four degrees of inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase (d-glucose 6-phosphate phosphohydrolase; ec 3.1.3.9) resulted. (a) at 37 degrees c inhibition was virtually complete and apparently irreversible. (b) at 5 degree ...	1975	168886
inhibition of clostridium botulinum by strains of clostridium perfringens isolated from soil.	thirty-one soil samples were examined for the presence of organisms capable of inhibiting growth and toxin production of strains of clostridium botulinum type a. such organisms were found in eight samples of soil. inhibiting strains of c. perfringens were found in five samples, of c. sporogenes in three and of bacillus cereus in three. three of the c. perfringens strains produced an inhibitor effective on all 11 strains of c. botulinum type a against which they were tested, seven of eight proteo ...	1975	169734
organization of phospholipids in human red cell membranes as detected by the action of various purified phospholipases.	1. the action of eight purified phospholipases on intact human erythrocytes has been investigated. four enzymes, e.g. phospholipases a2 from pancreas and crotalus adamanteus, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, and phospholipase d from cabbage produce neither haemolysis nor hydrolysis of phospholipids in intact cells. on the other hand, both phospholipases a2 from bee venom and naja naja cause a non-haemolytic breakdown of more than 50% of the lecithin, while sphingomyelinase c from staphyloco ...	1975	169915
bacterial food-poisoning.		1975	173111
[change in the activity of the enzymatic systems of bacillus anthracoides spores during germination and under the action of ca hypochlorite].	the activity of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, glycolysis, and hexose monophosphate pathway was studied during germination of the spores of bacillus anthracoides and upon their treatment with calcium hypochlorite. no activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was found in the extracts of the vegetative cells, contrary to the spores and initiated spores. the activity of other enzymes changes but slightly in the course of germination of the spores. treatment ...	1975	173977
studies on a thermophilic rna polymerase which is active only on poly d(a-t) and poly dadt.	two types of rna polymerases [ec 2.7.7.6], polymerases a and b, exist in thermophilic bacteria, thermus thermophilus hb8. polymerase b is apparently like the core enzyme of polymerase a but is active only when an alternating copolymer of deoxyadenylic and deoxythymidylic acids (poly d(a-t)) or a mixture of homopolymers of deoxyadenylic acid and deoxythymidylic acid (poly dadt) is used as a template. polymerase b was further characterized to elucidate its relation to polymerase a and to determine ...	1975	175054
effect of delayed evisceration on the microbial quality of meat.	the postomortem invasion of muscle and other tissues by bacteria from the intestinal tract was studied with the use of radioactive tracers. the injection of 14c-labeled bacteria or spores into the intestines of guinea pig carcasses within 24 h of death resulted in the rapid spread of 14c throughout carcasses. when live bacteria were injected along with the labeled cells, it was not possible to isolate viable organisms from the body tissues if the living animal had been exposed to the bacteria. i ...	1976	178276
bacillus cereus food poisoning.		1976	179147
[hygienic evaluation of the finding of the causative agents of food poisoning in food products].		1975	180687
biochemical effects in bacillus subtilis after treatment with the mycotoxin patulin.		1976	184606
laboratory diagnosis of foodborne diseases.	many bacterial species are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of foodborne intoxication and infection. the foodborne diseases are classified on the basis of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved into four categories: performed toxin, enterotoxin formed in the colonized small intestine, mucosal invasion (enterocolitis) and mucosal invasion with bacteremia. invasive and toxigenic strains of enteropathogenic escherichia coli are discussed. in vivo test systems for the identification of ent ...	1976	184732
selective utilization of endogenous unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and diacylglycerols by cholinephosphotransferase of mouse lung microsomes.	in the presence of cmp, cholinephosphotransferase of mouse lung microsomes catalyzes the conversion of endogenous phosphatidylcholines into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and cdpcholine. 2. in this conversion cholinephosphotransferase shows a distinct preference for those molecular species of phosphatidylcholine which contain an unsaturated fatty acid. the enzyme hardly utilizes endogenous depalmitoylglycerophosphocholine as a substrate. 3. membrane-bound 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols were also prepared by t ...	1976	184825
fine structure of the baccilus thuringiensis spore.	the thin-sectioned spore of bacillus thuringiensis resembles that of bacillus cereus in fine structure. planar inclusions occur between the exosporium and spore coat and are structured differently from the parasporal crystal outside the exosporium.	1976	185959
the effect of phospholipase c on dna synthesis, morphology and phospholipid content of isolated hela cell nuclei.	isolated hela cell nuclei have been treated with purified phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) and sphingomyelinase (staphylococcus aureus). the phospholipids of untreated nuclei consisted of about 67% phosphatidylcholine, 23% phosphatidylethanolamine, 7% sphingomyelin, 2% phosphatidylserine and 1% phosphatidylinositol. phospholipase c degraded 80-90% of the total phospholipids of the nuclei. such nuclei seemed ultrastructurally intact, and had an average diameter and a protein loss during incubati ...	1976	187233
gonadotropin receptors in plasma membranes of bovine corpus luteum. i. effect of phospholipases on the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin by membrane-associated and solubilized receptors.	the ability of bovine corpus luteum plasma membranes to bind 125i-choriogonadotropin has been examined after prior treatment of the membranes with phospholipases a, c, and d. treatment of the purified membranes with low concentrations of phospholipases a and c resulted in the inhibition of the binding of 125i-choriogonadotropin to its receptors, whereas phospholipase d had no effect. receptor activity was decreased by low concentrations of phospholipase a from either bee venom, vipera russelli o ...	1976	187585
[microbial resistance to formaldehyde. i. comparative quantitative studies in some selected species of vegetative bacteria, bacterial spores, fungi, bacteriophages and viruses].	the resistence of different microorganisms to formaldehyde was determined. as test objects served gram-negative and gram-positive vegetative germs (klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella paratyphi-b, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis), bacterial spores (bacillus cereus, bacillus pumilus, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus subtilis), fungi (aspergillus niger, candida albicans), bacteriophages (escherichia coli phages, t1, t2, t3), and viruses (adenovirus, poliomy ...	1976	190825
evidence for distinct guanine nucleotide sites in the regulation of the glucagon receptor and of adenylate cyclase activity.		1977	197077
the specificity of s1 nuclease toward rna-dna hybrids as studied using isotopes of phosphorus-32 and phosphorus-33.	hybrids were formed from bacillus cereus dna and ribosomal rna. they were treated with various combination of s1 nuclease and ribonuclease, and the molar ratios of the rna and dna moieties remaining in the treated hybrids were determined using a 32p-33p dual-label technique. it was found that both s1 nuclease and ribonuclease are required to give hybrid with rna and dna in a perfect 1:1 molar ratio. it was noted that the dual-label technique which employs orthophosphate as the sole phosphorus so ...	1977	197495
bacterial hazards.		1977	197534
theta-toxin of clostridium perfringens. i. purification and some properties.	theta-toxin, an oxygen-labile hemolysin produced by clostridium perfringens, was purified 3300 fold from culture filtrate by successive chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50 and sephadex g-150. the purified toxin gave two distinct bands in disc electrophoresis, while the same material, after mild reduction with dithiothreitol, yielded a single band, indicating that the purified theta-toxin contained, as well as a reduced, active form, an oxidized, inactive form of toxin. these two forms of the to ...	1977	199270
aldolase-like imine formation in the mechanism of action of phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase.	phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase (ec 3.11.1.1), the bacterial enzyme that catalyses the reaction hco-ch2-po(oh)2+h2o leads to hco-ch3+pi, is inactivated by borohydride if either phosphonoacetaldehyde or acetaldehyde is present. this supports the suggestion that the substrate forms an imine with an amino group of the enzyme. such imine formation would labilize the c-p bond in the same way that aldolase and related enzymes labilize c-c and c-h bonds (scheme 1a).	1977	200222
hydrolytic action of phospholipases on bacterial membranes.	substrate specificities of phospholipases c[ec 3.1.4.3] from clostridium novyi, clostridium perfringens, bacillus cereus, and pseudomonas aureofaciens were studied under the same conditions. phospholipases c from clostridium novyi and bacillus cereus show wide substrate specificities while those of clostridium perfringens and pseudomonas aureofaciens show relatively narrow specificities. on the basis of these results, the hydrolytic actions of these phospholipases on membrane lipids of escherich ...	1977	201610
effect of hydrolytic enzymes and protein-modifying reagents on gonadotropin receptors in bovine corpus luteum cell membranes.	preincubation of membranes with various concentrations of pronase, trypsin, lipase, phospholipase a from vipera russelli and from crotalus durissus terrificus, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus and from clostridium welchii, acetic anhydride, 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene and tetranitromethane resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of 125i-labeled human choriogonadotropin binding. at the submaximal concentrations of enzymes and at both submaximal and maximal concentrations of protein-modifying rea ...	1978	202334
[new findings on various bacteria and their toxins as possible causative agents of food poisoning].		1977	203102
phospholipid dependence of udp-glucuronyltransferase.	very extensive hydrolysis of phospholipids with pure bacillus cereus phospholipase c at 5 degrees c greatly inhibited the maximum demonstrable rate of glucuronidation of p-nitrophenol by udpglucuronyltransferase in guinea pig liver microsomes. lysophosphatidylcholine restored much of the inhibited activity but non-phospholipid surfactants or hydrolysis of diglycerides failed to reactivate. phospholipid depletion likewise inhibited o-aminophenol glucuronidation and phospholipids restored activity ...	1978	203315
role of exogenous phospholipases in triggering platelet aggregation.		1978	207175
enzymatic properties of phosphatidylinositol inositolphosphohydrolase from bacillus cereus. substrate dilution in detergent-phospholipid micelles and bilayer vesicles.		1978	207692
synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationships of antibacterial 1-(substituted benzhydryl)-4-(5-nitro-2-furfurylideneamino) piperazines.	1-benzhydryl -4- (5-nitro-2-furfurylideneamino) piperazine and 11 substituted analogs were prepared and examined for in vitro antimicrobial activity. the compounds were active against bacillus cereus 7, bacillus megaterium 122, bacillus subtilis 104, clostridium perfringens 13, and the tetracycline-resistant clostridium perfringens 37. regression analyses on the antibacterial activity data based on the hansch approach, using pi, pi2, and sigma parameters, yielded several statistically significan ...	1978	207855
[enzymatic mechanisms for antimicrobial protection of the oral cavity].	data on the role of oral lysozyme, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease and peroxidase in antimicrobial defense of the macroorganism are reviewed. the biochemical and physiological properties of the enzymes secreted by salivary glands and released from emigrating leukocytes are discussed. spectra of antimicrobial action of the enzymes and participation of these enzymes in maintaining the stability of oral biocenosis are described as well as the regulation of these enzymatic activities and the pathoge ...	1978	208288
hydrolytic action of phospholipases on sealed ghosts of mammalian erythrocytes.		1978	211122
foodborne hazards of microbial origin.	foods can serve as vehicles of many pathogenic and toxigenic agents of disease. bacterial agents comprise three groups: 1) those that grow in the food and produce an active toxin before consumption (e.g., clostridium botulinium); 2) those that merely exist as contaminants in the food but are able to initiate infection when swallowed (e.g., salmonella spp.); and 3) those that multiply and produce large numbers of vegetative cells in the food, then release an active enterotoxin when they sporulate ...	1978	212326
the use of phospholipase c to detect structural changes in the membranes of human erythrocytes aged by storage.		1978	213113
phosphatase activity of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria.	1115 strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria were tested for phosphatase activity by a conventional plate method and a microtest. the microtest was devised to allow results to be read after 4 h cultivation. phosphatase activity was found in wide range of species and strains. besides staphylococci, where the test for phosphatase is successfully used, it may be applied as one of the valuable tests for the differentiation of the following species: bacillus cereus, b. licheniformis, ...	1978	216188
preparation and properties of an immobilized derivative of penicillinase.	penicillinase (beta-lactamase i, ec 3.5.2.6) secreted by bacillus cereus, strain 569/h, was covalently attached to aminoethyl cellulose via glutaraldehyde. the immobilized derivative shows increased thermostability and decreased susceptibility to conformational changes induced by certain substrates of penicillinase. the decline in the rate of hydrolysis of such substrates was consequently suppressed by immobilization. a marked increase in km was observed with all substrates except for the unsubs ...	1979	219920
[electron microscopic study of normal bacillus anthracoides spores and after exposure to a chloroactive disinfectant].	the fine structure of bacillus anthracoides spores is similar in general to that of other, taxonomically related species of spore forming bacteria. however, the former is characterized by a well-developed multilayered exosporium and the heterogeneous structure of an envelope. the lethal effect of a chloroactive disinfectant (2/3 of calcium hypochlorite basic salt) is caused by changes in the structural organization of spores, which interferes with the normal permeability barrier and metabolic pr ...	1979	224288
the role of manganese in growth and sporulation of bacillus subtilis.	phosphoglycerate phosphomutase of bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium required mn2+ as cofactor, whereas the wheat germ and rabbit liver enzymes did not. in the absence of mn2+, b. subtilis did not sporulate in normal sporulation media but it did sporulate if the proper ratio of glucose or glycerol and malate was used. decoyinine, an inhibitor of guanosine monophosphate synthesis, induced sporulation in the presence of excess glucose and malate to the same extent with and ...	1979	225409
metal-coordinating substrate analogs as inhibitors of metalloenzymes.	a group of active-site metal coordinating inhibitors of zinc proteases (carboxypeptidase a, thermolysin, bacillus cereus neutral protease, and angiotensin-converting enzyme) have been synthesized and their properties investigated. their general structures are r-sh and r-nh-po2(o phi)h, where-s- or -o- serve as metal ligands and r refers to an amino acid or peptide group designed to interact with substrate recognition sites. these inhibitors can be extremely potent; thus, n-(2-mercaptoacetyl)-d-p ...	1979	230502
synthesis of choline and ethanolamine phospholipids with thiophosphoester bonds as substrates for phospholipase c.	spectrophotometric assays of esterases are sensitive, rapid, and quite specific when thioester substrates are used. glycerophospholipids with thiophosphoester bonds may be useful as substrates for phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3). these have been made from mercaptoglycerol and mercaptoethanol. the thiols were oxidized to disulfides, acylated, and reduced with dithiothreitol. phosphocholine derivatives were made by the classical methods for oxyphosphoesters. the phosphatidyl choline analogue was conv ...	1979	231487
effect of ph and sodium chloride on growth of bacillus cereus in laboratory media and certain foods.	the effects of nacl concentration, ph, and water activity (aw) on the ability of vegetative cells of bacillus cereus to initiate aerobic growth in brain heart infusion broth at 30 c were studied in a factorial design experiment. by using multiple regression techniques, equations were derived which related the decimal reduction of the bacterial population to the concentration of nacl and ph of broth to which the population was exposed. from these equations, the percentage of inoculated cells capa ...	1975	234158
analysis of bacterial biotin-proteins.	the biotin-protein populations in several bacterial strains were analyzed by solubilization of [3h]biotin-labeled cells with sodium dodecylsulfate followed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing the detergent. a variety of patterns of biotin-labeled polypeptide chains was seen, ranging from a single biotin-protein in escherichia coli, corresponding to the biotin carboxyl carrier protein component of acetyl-coa carboxylase, to multiple species in enterobacter aerogenes, pseudomonas ...	1975	235315