Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| prevalence and duration of intramammary infection in danish heifers during the peripartum period. | milk samples were collected from 180 heifers from 20 herds around parturition to study the prevalence and persistence of intramammary infection (imi). a total of 3382 quarter milk samples was collected each week from 4 wk before parturition to 4 wk after parturition. staphylococcus chromogenes, the most commonly found bacterial species before parturition, was isolated from 15% of all quarters. however, imi with staph. chromogenes decreased shortly after parturition to around 1% of quarters. infe ... | 1997 | 9058272 |
| comparison of success of antibiotic therapy during lactation and results of antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bovine mastitis. | antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted on a variety of mastitis pathogens. the infected quarters were subsequently treated during lactation with a commercially available product containing penicillin and novobiocin that was designed for lactating cows. cows were treated as per the recommendations of the product manufacturer, and cures were determined by the absence of bacteria in both sets of duplicate quarter milk samples that were collected at 28 d posttreatment. comparisons were m ... | 1997 | 9058273 |
| identification of streptococcus species by randomly amplified polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid fingerprinting. | identification of streptococcus species isolated from bovine milk by randomly amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting was evaluated. bacterial dna templates were prepared using a standardized method for randomly amplified polymorphic dna amplification and previously evaluated arbitrary primers. amplified dna fragments were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis and were analyzed by densitometry. unidentified streptococci (n = 163) that were isolated from mammary secretions of dairy cows were ... | 1997 | 9098796 |
| patterns of clinical mastitis manifestations in danish organic dairy herds. | danish organic dairy production is characterized by a low input of antibiotics for udder treatment and a high input of other mastitis control procedures. a study was conducted in 14 organic dairy herds with the objectives of obtaining a comprehensive description of clinical mastitis cases and identifying characteristic patterns in these results. clinical signs, inflammatory reactions and microbiological identifications were obtained from 367 cases of clinical mastitis occurring over 18 months. c ... | 1997 | 9120075 |
| differentiation of human and animal strains of streptococcus dysgalactiae by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | the genetic diversity among 54 human isolates and 33 animal isolates belonging to the species streptococcus dysgalactiae (20 alpha-haemolytic streptococcus dysgalactiae, 23 streptococcus equisimilis, 43 group g streptococci and one group l streptococcus) was evaluated by macrorestriction analysis of chromosomal dna with smai and resolution by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. this technique revealed a high degree of intraspecies polymorphism, leading to the differentiation of 80 distinct banding ... | 1997 | 9163914 |
| a case of bacteremia caused by streptococcus dysgalactiae. | 1997 | 9177971 | |
| summer mastitis experimentally induced by hydrotaea irritans exposed to bacteria. | summer mastitis is an acute suppurative bacterial infection of the udder in heifers and dry cows. to ascertain the possible role of flies in the transmission of the disease, experimental exposures of recipient heifers to hydrotaea irritans previously exposed to bacteria were carried out. flies were allowed to feed on secretions from clinical cases of summer mastitis. the pathogens present were the bacteria staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus dysgalactiae, actinomyces pyogenes, stuart-schwan coc ... | 1997 | 9226651 |
| estimation of interdependence among quarters of the bovine udder with subclinical mastitis and implications for analysis. | interdependency among udder quarters with subclinical mastitis was evaluated on 150 farms using a total of 35,828 udder quarters. the occurrence of high somatic cell count (scc) (> 250,000 cells/ml) in 0, 3, and 4 quarters occurred at a higher rate than would be expected based on independence of the quarters. for all bacterial species, intramammary infection in 0, 2, 3, or 4 quarters of the same cow occurred at a higher rate than would be expected based on independence of the quarters. intramamm ... | 1997 | 9276797 |
| identification of staphylococcal and streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis using 16s-23s rrna spacer regions. | bovine mastitis is caused mainly by certain staphylococcus and streptococcus species. the sequences of the 16s-23s rrna spacer regions were determined for the nine species which cause mastitis: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus chromogenes, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus hyicus, staphylococcus simulans, staphylococcus xylosus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis. significant variation was found between the spacer sequences of different sp ... | 1997 | 9387227 |
| accuracy of methods using somatic cell count and n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase activity in milk to assess the bacteriological cure of bovine clinical mastitis. | this study examined the capability of milk somatic cell count (scc) and nagase activity to discriminate between quarters that had been cured versus those that had not been cured at 4 wk after antimicrobial therapy for clinical mastitis. the distribution of microorganisms that were isolated before therapy from 630 quarters with mastitis was as follows: 225 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 96 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci, 152 strains of streptococci (streptococcus dysgalactiae and ... | 1997 | 9406074 |
| detection of new and persistent streptococcus uberis and streptococcus dysgalactiae intramammary infections by polymerase chain reaction-based dna fingerprinting. | polymerase chain reaction-based dna fingerprinting was used as a tool to differentiate new and persistent streptococcus uberis and streptococcus dysgalactiae intramammary infections (imi) in dairy cows. the same subtype of s. uberis or s. dysgalactiae was detected from some infected mammary glands from one lactation to the next documenting the persistence of these infections. conversely, some streptococci isolated from mammary glands during a lactation or from one lactation to the next were diff ... | 1998 | 9495014 |
| incidence of clinical mastitis in dairy herds grouped in three categories by bulk milk somatic cell counts. | incidence of clinical mastitis was studied in 274 herds grouped in three categories by bulk milk somatic cell count (scc). mean incidence rate of clinical mastitis was 0.278, 0.257, and 0.252 cases per 365 cow-days at risk in herds with low (< or = 150,000), medium (150,000 to 250,000), and high (250,000 to 400,000 cells/ml) bulk milk scc, respectively. the incidence rate of clinical mastitis was not different among the three categories. variance in the incidence of clinical mastitis among herds ... | 1998 | 9532494 |
| invasion and persistence of streptococcus dysgalactiae within bovine mammary epithelial cells. | little is known about bacterial and host factors that contribute to the establishment and persistence of intramammary infection by streptococcus dysgalactiae. streptococcus dysgalactiae adheres to epithelial cells from the bovine mammary gland and to extracellular matrix proteins in vitro and invades mammary epithelial cell cultures, all of which can be potentially important pathogenic mechanisms. in this study, mechanisms involved in the invasion of strep. dysgalactiae into epithelial cells fro ... | 1998 | 9565870 |
| factors influencing adherence of streptococcus dysgalactiae to bovine mammary epithelial cell monolayers. | factors that affected adherence of streptococcus dysgalactiae to monolayers of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells and to a bovine mammary epithelial transformed cell line were evaluated. cell culture medium inhibited more than 99% of binding of s. dysgalactiae to plastic and was as effective as several blocking agents in decreasing adventitious adherence of this organism to plastic. adherence of two strains of s. dysgalactiae (ut516 and ut519) was higher to a transformed mammary epithelial ... | 1998 | 9588110 |
| increasing parasitism by the german yellow jacket wasp, paravespula germanica, on dairy cattle in israel. | during the past two decades, parasitism by the german yellow jacket wasp, paravespula germanica, on lactating dairy cattle has occurred in israel during august to october annually, affecting up to 65% of cows in certain herds. the nibbled and exposed tissues of teats and sometimes udders become infested by bacteria, especially streptococcus dysgalactiae and actinomyces pyogenes, causing clinical and subclinical mastitis. normally, german wasps are primarily insect predators, but the urbanization ... | 1998 | 9622374 |
| potential virulence factors of streptococcus dysgalactiae associated with bovine mastitis. | mastitis caused by environmental pathogens is a major problem that affects many well-managed dairy herds. among the environmental pathogens, streptococcus dysgalactiae is isolated frequently from intramammary infections during lactation and during the nonlactating period. in spite of its high prevalence, little is known about factors that contribute to the virulence of s. dysgalactiae. during the last decade, several cell-associated and extracellular factors of s. dysgalactiae have been identifi ... | 1998 | 9646469 |
| the interaction of streptococcus dysgalactiae with plasmin and plasminogen. | the activation of plasminogen and the binding of plasmin by bacteria may have many effects which promote infection. the occurrence of such activities in streptococci is well documented; however, these are yet to be demonstrated for s. dysgalactiae. consequently, the ability of this bacterium to activate mammalian plasminogen and bind either plasmin or its zymogen was investigated. activation of bovine plasminogen was dependent on both the strain and the growth medium used for cultivation. eighte ... | 1998 | 9646471 |
| identification and molecular characterization of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from harbor porpoises (phocoena phocoena) of the north and baltic seas. | the present study was designed to identify and comparatively investigate 35 beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from stranded harbor porpoises or from animals caught in fishing nets of the north and baltic seas. according to biochemical and serological data and to lectin agglutination tests with the lectin of arachis hypogaea, all 35 isolates could be classified in lancefield's serological group l and could be identified as streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae. all 35 group l streptoc ... | 1998 | 9650933 |
| wasps are the cause of an increasing mastitis problem in dairy cattle in israel. | the german wasp vespula germanica (fabr.) (hymenoptera: vespidae) has been observed to injure dairy cows teats, causing lesions which can lead to mastitis. the number of dairy herds in israel reported to be affected in this way has increased from five prior to 1989 to 32 from 1989 to 1993. likewise, the geographical distribution of the colonies of these wasps has expanded from the galilee to the northern negev. most cases of mastitis appeared during august and september when the wasps were most ... | 1998 | 9684301 |
| genetic relationships among the different phenotypes of streptococcus dysgalactiae strains. | the species streptococcus dysgalactiae was proposed to accommodate a heterogeneous group of streptococci associated with infections in animals and human beings. this taxon is now considered to include animal isolates of alpha-haemolytic group c streptococci, previously called s. dysgalactiae; animal and human isolates of beta-haemolytic group c streptococci, previously called 's. equisimilis'; beta-haemolytic group l strains associated with infections in animals and, rarely, in humans; and beta- ... | 1998 | 9828425 |
| characterization of mechanisms involved in uptake of streptococcus dysgalactiae by bovine mammary epithelial cells. | bovine mammary epithelial cells were pretreated with inhibitors of protein kinase activity, actin polymerization and receptor-mediated endocytosis. in addition, mammary epithelial cells and streptococcus dysgalactiae were pretreated with inhibitors of protein synthesis. results showed that activity of tyrosine protein kinases, intact microfilaments and de novo eukaryotic protein synthesis was required for uptake of s. dysgalactiae by bovine mammary epithelial cells; a process that appeared to oc ... | 1998 | 9851004 |
| five homologous repeats of the protein g-related protein mig cooperate in binding to goat immunoglobulin g. | protein mig, from streptococcus dysgalactiae, binds alpha2-macroglobulin and immunoglobulin g (igg). mig-derived fusion proteins with one to five igg-binding repeats differed up to 72,000- fold in avidity for goat igg, indicating a considerable cooperativity of the repeats. significant sequence variation in the igg-binding repeats was recognized. protein mig interacted with goat igg1 via both the fc and fab parts. | 1999 | 9864244 |
| multiple specificities of the staphylococcal and streptococcal fibronectin-binding microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules. | many pathogenic gram-positive bacteria express fibronectin (fn)-binding microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (mscramms), most of which have a similar structural organization with a primary ligand-binding domain consisting of 3-6 repeats of 40-50 amino-acid-residue motifs. the mscramms appear to preferentially bind to the n-terminal region of fn, which is composed of five type-i modules. here we report that the fn-binding mscramm fnbpa of staphylococcus aureus contai ... | 1998 | 9874261 |
| subtyping of streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mammary secretions by dna fingerprinting. | streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis isolated from mammary secretions of cows from tennessee and new zealand were subtyped using polymerase chain reaction-based dna fingerprinting. such dna fingerprinting using primer 8.6d (5'-gtaacgcc3') resulted in categorizing 116 s. dysgalactiae isolates into 25 different subtypes, with 17 subtypes observed in isolates from tennessee and eight in isolates from new zealand. all s. dysgalactiae dna fingerprint profiles, regardless of origin, con ... | 1998 | 9916549 |
| surface display of functional fibronectin-binding domains on staphylococcus carnosus. | the surface expression in staphylococcus carnosus of three different fibronectin binding domains (fnbds), derived from fibronectin binding proteins of streptococcus dysgalactiae and staphylococcus aureus, has been investigated. surface localization of the chimeric proteins containing the fnbds was demonstrated. all three surface-displayed fnbds were demonstrated to bind fibronectin in whole-cell enzyme-linked binding assays. furthermore, for one of the constructs, intranasal immunizations with t ... | 1999 | 10100862 |
| bacteria associated with clinical mastitis in dairy heifers. | a 1-yr field investigation of clinical mastitis in heifers was carried out in 24 veterinary districts in norway. quarter lacteal secretions from cases that occurred prepartum or within 14 d postpartum were examined bacteriologically. the study included 1040 heifers with clinical mastitis, and the total number of quarters that were clinically affected was 1361. the organisms that were most frequently isolated from samples from these quarters were staphylococcus aureus (44.3%), streptococcus dysga ... | 1999 | 10212457 |
| serum opacity factor is a major fibronectin-binding protein and a virulence determinant of m type 2 streptococcus pyogenes. | serum opacity factor (sof) is a fibronectin-binding protein of group a streptococci that opacifies mammalian sera and is expressed by some strains that cause impetigo, pharyngitis and acute glomerulonephritis. although sof is expressed by approximately 35% of known serotypes, its role in the pathogenesis of group a streptococcal infections has not been previously investigated. the sof genes from m types 2, 28 and 49 streptococcus pyogenes were cloned, sequenced, and their deduced amino acid sequ ... | 1999 | 10216862 |
| [udder health on dairy farms. 1. results of a longitudinal study on 300 dutch farms]. | udder health was studied in 300 dairy herds grouped in three categories according to the bulk milk somatic cell count. in all herds, lactating cows were housed in a free-stall barn during the winter. all herds participated in a three or four-weekly milk recording system, had annual production quota between 300,000 and 900,000 kg, and were stocked with cows of the holstein-friesian or dutch friesian breeds. the incidence of clinical mastitis was not different among herds with a low (< or = 150,00 ... | 1999 | 10372420 |
| determinants of success or failure in the elimination of major mastitis pathogens in selective dry cow therapy. | discriminant factors for the elimination of major pathogens (mainly staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus dysgalactiae) were identified from a randomized, double-blind, field study on dry cow therapy. from an original study of 686 cows, 269 fulfilled the criteria for this analysis: 93 from the control group, 83 from group c (treated with benestermycin vet. "leo") and 93 from group d (treated with leocillin with dihydrostreptomycin vet. "leo"). a "success" cow was defined as a cow that had all ... | 1999 | 10386308 |
| management practices associated with the incidence rate of clinical mastitis. | risk factors for the incidence rate of clinical mastitis were studied in 274 dutch dairy herds. variables that were associated with resistance to disease were the feeding, housing, and milking machine factors. variables that were associated with exposure were grazing, combined housing of dry cows and heifers, and calving area hygiene. postmilking teat disinfection in herds with a low bulk milk somatic cell count and years of practicing dry cow therapy were positively associated with the incidenc ... | 1999 | 10480089 |
| cold shock proteins and low-temperature response of streptococcus thermophilus cnrz302. | low-temperature adaptation and cryoprotection were studied in the thermophilic lactic acid bacterium streptococcus thermophilus cnrz302. s. thermophilus actively adapts to freezing during a pretreatment at 20 degrees c, resulting in an approximately 1, 000-fold increased survival after four freeze-thaw cycles compared to mid-exponential-phase cells grown at an optimal temperature of 42 degrees c. no adaptation is observed when cells are exposed to a temperature (10 degrees c) below the minimal g ... | 1999 | 10508072 |
| m protein of a streptococcus dysgalactiae human wound isolate shows multiple binding to different plasma proteins and shares epitopes with keratin and human cartilage. | besides group a (gas), lancefield group c beta-haemolytic streptococci (gcs) have been implicated as a causative agent in outbreaks of purulent pharyngitis. in this study we have investigated a class ci m protein of a streptococcus dysgalactiae1:256, revealed that 26% of these sera showed serological cross-reactivity between a 68-kda cartilage protein and the n-terminal part of mc. only 8% of the sera of healthy patients showed this property. in additional, mc also cross-reacted with antibodies ... | 1999 | 10518039 |
| the natural food grade inhibitor, lacticin 3147, reduced the incidence of mastitis after experimental challenge with streptococcus dysgalactiae in nonlactating dairy cows. | lacticin 3147 is a broad-spectrum bacteriocin produced by the food-grade organism lactococcus lactis. lacticin 3147 is active at a neutral ph and has been shown to be bactericidal to streptococci and staphylococci in vitro. the effectiveness of an intramammary teat seal formulation, and a teat seal containing lacticin 3147 was evaluated at drying off in 68 uninfected quarters of 18 cows. following infusion of either teat seal or lacticin 3147 combined with teat seal, a deliberate infection chall ... | 1999 | 10531595 |
| characterization of blood culture isolates of streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possessing lancefield's group a antigen. | for three human blood culture isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci with lancefield's serogroup a antigen, phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna genes confirmed biochemical identification as streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. genes encoding m or m-like proteins, which are considered to be major virulence determinants in streptococci, were detected in all of these strains. our data clearly demonstrate that for beta-hemolytic streptococci, the species assignment should not be based o ... | 1999 | 10565964 |
| m-like proteins of streptococcus dysgalactiae. | streptococcus dysgalactiae is one of the most important bacterial species isolated from bovine mastitis. to identify potential virulence factors of this species we prepared chromosomal dna from strain 8215 and constructed a phage display library. by affinity selection of the library against fibrinogen (fg), we isolated and characterized a gene, called dema, encoding a protein with the molecular mass of approximately 58 kda, called dema, displaying both plasma protein binding properties and seque ... | 2000 | 10603401 |
| effects of dry cow intramammary therapy on quarter infections in the dry period. | quarter milk samples were taken from 150 cows from three dairy farms in south-east queensland at drying off, two, four and six weeks after drying off, at calving, and one, two and three weeks after calving. in each of the herds, the cows were randomly allocated to three groups of approximately equal size. one group had all the quarters of all the cows treated at drying off with a dry cow antibiotic infusion containing cloxacillin; the second group was given no treatment, and the third group had ... | 1999 | 10619609 |
| bacterial fibronectin-binding proteins and endothelial cell surface fibronectin mediate adherence of staphylococcus aureus to resting human endothelial cells. | adhesion of staphylococcus aureus to human endothelial cells is implicated in the pathogenesis of invasive staphylococcal disease. the adhesion to endothelial cells of isogenic mutants defective in defined surface structures was studied. three strains of s. aureus defective in fibronectin-binding proteins fnbpa and fnbpb showed reduced adhesion. this was fully restored by complementation of a fnbpa- fnbpb- mutant derived from strain 8325-4 with a multicopy plasmid encoding fnbpa or fnbpb. adhesi ... | 1999 | 10627045 |
| the natural food grade inhibitor, lacticin 3147, reduced the incidence of mastitis after experimental challenge with streptococcus dysgalactiae in nonlactating dairy cows. | lacticin 3147 is a broad-spectrum bacteriocin produced by the food-grade organism lactococcus lactis. lacticin 3147 is active at a neutral ph and has been shown to be bactericidal to streptococci and staphylococci in vitro. the effectiveness of an intramammary teat seal formulation, and a teat seal containing lacticin 3147 was evaluated at drying off in 68 uninfected quarters of 18 cows. following infusion of either teat seal or lacticin 3147 combined with teat seal, a deliberate infection chall ... | 1999 | 10629810 |
| outcome of clinical mastitis in dairy heifers assessed by reexamination of cases one month after treatment. | heifers that were treated for clinical mastitis prior to parturition or within 14 d postpartum were reexamined approximately 1 mo after treatment. clinical examination of the heifers and microbiological examination of quarter milk samples were carried out on both occasions. of the 1000 heifers included in the study, 10.9% were culled within 28 d after treatment. udder damage caused by mastitis was the only or main reason for culling in 96% of those heifers. in comparison, 4.5% of nonmastitic hei ... | 2000 | 10659966 |
| streptococcal opacity factor: a family of bifunctional proteins with lipoproteinase and fibronectin-binding activities. | the serum opacity factor (sof) of streptococcus pyogenes is a type-specific lipoproteinase of unknown biological significance. we have sequenced the sof gene and characterized the corresponding sof protein from a strain of type m63. it was found that sof63 is related to sof22 and that, similar to sof22 [25], sof63 binds fibronectin. moreover, we demonstrate opacity factor activity in a streptococcus dysgalactiae fibronectin-binding protein fnba that is structurally related to the sof proteins of ... | 2000 | 10679045 |
| chimeric glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides synthesized by enzymatic reconstruction and their use in substrate specificity determination of streptococcus hyaluronidase. | a method was developed for the reconstruction of glycosaminoglycan (gag) oligosaccharides using the transglycosylation reaction of an endo-beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase, testicular hyaluronidase, under optimal conditions. repetition of the transglycosylation using suitable combinations of various gags as acceptors and donors made it possible to custom-synthesize gag oligosaccharides. thus we prepared a library of chimeric gag oligosaccharides with hybrid structures composed of disaccharide units s ... | 2000 | 10739964 |
| streptococcus didelphis sp. nov., a streptococcus with marked catalase activity isolated from opossums (didelphis virginiana) with suppurative dermatitis and liver fibrosis. | beta-haemolytic, catalase-positive, gram-positive cocci that formed chains in broth media but did not react with lancefield group antisera were isolated from skin lesions, spleen, liver and lungs of nine opossums, including eight from a research colony and one from a wildlife rehabilitation organization. the isolates had vigorous catalase activity that was retained on initial passage on non-blood-containing media, but this activity was lost in subsequent passages. the use of standard phenotypic ... | 2000 | 10758886 |
| extensive fibrinous pleurisy associated with streptococcus dysgalactiae mastitis in two ewes. | 2000 | 10777043 | |
| haemolysin-deficient variants of streptococcus pyogenes and s. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis may be overlooked as aetiological agents of pharyngitis. | variants of large colony beta-haemolytic lancefield group a, c and g streptococci that are non-haemolytic or alpha-haemolytic on sheep blood agar have been detected in clinical specimens due to their enhanced haemolytic activity when grown on a new selective and differential blood agar medium containing colistin, nalidixic acid and ph 7.5-adjusted pipes buffer (cna-p). the large colony lancefield group c and g isolates were identified as streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis by api 20 st ... | 2000 | 10966229 |
| milk leucocyte population patterns in bovine udder infection of different aetiology. | this study compared the different leucocyte populations in milk from udders infected with different mastitic pathogens and in different stages of infection. milk samples were collected from quarters free of intramammary infection, acutely infected with escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus and chronically infected with s. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) or streptococcus dysgalactiae. udder bacteriological status was confirmed after three consecutive bacteriological examination ... | 2000 | 11075546 |
| a novel is-like element frequently inserted in a putative virulence regulator in bovine mastitis isolates of streptococcus dysgalactiae. | streptococcus dysgalactiae, a lancefield group c streptococcus, is commonly isolated from bovine mastitis. we recently identified a putative regulon in two s. dysgalactiae strains, 8215 and epi9, consisting of two consecutive genes, dmg and dem, coding for a possible regulatory protein and an m-like protein with fibrinogen- and igg-binding-properties, respectively. during these studies a short sequence homologous to an is element was found to be inserted in the dmg gene of strain 8215. the prese ... | 2000 | 11078648 |
| a clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment of lactating cows with high somatic cell counts in their milk. | to determine the effectiveness of treatment of lactating cows with high somatic cell counts in milk. | 2000 | 11194722 |
| diagnosis of streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (group c streptococci) associated with deep soft tissue infections using fluorescent in situ hybridization. | 2001 | 11305474 | |
| the major bovine mastitis pathogens have different cell tropisms in cultures of bovine mammary gland cells. | we previously showed that staphylococcus aureus cells adhered mainly to an elongated cell type, present in cultures of bovine mammary gland cells. moreover, we showed that this adhesion was mediated by binding to fibronectin. the same in vitro model was used here, to study adhesion of other important mastitis pathogens. like the s. aureus strains, the streptococcus dysgalactiae strains adhered mainly to elongated cells, which seemed to be mediated by fibronectin binding. in contrast, streptococc ... | 2001 | 11337141 |
| studies about the mechanism of internalization by mammary epithelial cells of escherichia coli isolated from persistent bovine mastitis. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between escherichia coli and primary mammary epithelial cell cultures derived from cows with persistent intramammary infection (imi). two strains of e. coli, isolated from the milk of two different cows suffering from persistent e. coli imi were tested for adhesion to and invasion of three primary mammary epithelial cell cultures derived from mammary biopsies of the two infected cows. intracellular e. coli were detected during five day ... | 2001 | 11337144 |
| binding of a peptide from a streptococcus dysgalactiae mscramm to the n-terminal f1 module pair of human fibronectin involves both modules. | host invasion by a number of pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococci and streptococci involves binding to fibronectin, a ubiquitous extracellular matrix protein. on the bacterial side, host extracellular matrix adherence is mediated by mscramms (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) which, in some cases, have been identified to be important virulence factors. in this study we used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to characterize the interaction of b3, a syn ... | 2001 | 11377428 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis. | to improve diagnosis of mastitis in dairy cattle, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of the four major bacterial causes of bovine mastitis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae, and streptococcus uberis. the target sequence was the 16s to 23s rrna spacer regions. the performance of the assay was examined with 117 milk samples collected from a subclinically infected herd, and the diagnostic specific ... | 2001 | 11384040 |
| efficacy of a new premilking teat disinfectant containing a phenolic combination for the prevention of mastitis. | a teat disinfectant containing a phenolic combination was evaluated in a natural exposure study in two dairy research herds. premilking teat disinfection was compared with a negative control using a split-udder experimental design. in both herds, premilking and postmilking teat disinfections with the phenolic combination were significantly more effective in preventing new intramammary infection (imi) than was postmilking teat disinfection only. clinical mastitis and new imi by streptococcus uber ... | 2001 | 11417715 |
| development of a rapid and sensitive test for identification of major pathogens in bovine mastitis by pcr. | bovine mastitis is the most important source of loss for the dairy industry. a rapid and specific test for the detection of the main pathogens of bovine mastitis is not actually available. molecular probes reacting in pcr with bacterial dna from bovine milk, providing direct and rapid detection of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus parauberis, and streptococcus uberis, have been developed. two sets of specific primers were ... | 2001 | 11427573 |
| group g beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia characterized by 16s ribosomal rna gene sequencing. | little is known about the relative importance of the four species of lancefield group g beta-hemolytic streptococci in causing bacteremia and the factors that determine the outcome for patients with group g beta-hemolytic streptococcal bacteremia. from 1997 to 2000, 75 group g beta-hemolytic streptococcal strains were isolated from the blood cultures of 66 patients. sequencing of the 16s rrna genes of the group g beta-hemolytic streptococci showed that all 75 isolates were streptococcus dysgalac ... | 2001 | 11526143 |
| surface-expressed mig protein protects streptococcus dysgalactiae against phagocytosis by bovine neutrophils. | the mig gene of streptococcus dysgalactiae, a major bovine mastitis pathogen, encodes two plasma protein-binding receptors, alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-m) and immunoglobulin g (igg). in this study, the mig gene from one s. dysgalactiae isolate was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the igg receptor region encoded by mig was conserved in 16 s. dysgalactiae strains. an isogenic mig mutant was constructed by allele replacement mutagenesis of the wild-type gene in s. dysgalactiae. the igg-bi ... | 2001 | 11553540 |
| delayed diagnosis of meningitis caused by beta-haemolytic group g. streptococcus in an older woman. | a case of meningitis caused by group g beta-hemolytic streptococcus (dysgalactiae, subspecies equisimilis) is reported in an 83-year-old woman. streptococci species other than streptococcus pneumoniae are seldom found in patients with acute bacterial meningitis, therefore, our discussion is focused on this rare organism. the question of the diagnosis of meningitis in the elderly is also addressed. | 2001 | 11728766 |
| effect of preculture freezing and incubation on bacteriological isolation from subclinical mastitis samples. | in this study the sensitivity of three methods of isolation of udder pathogens from milk samples from subclinical mastitis cases was compared. for analysis 1827 quarter milk samples were selected. milk was cultured using a standard culture technique (0.01 ml of fresh milk streaked on a sheep blood agar plate and on edward's medium). in addition, an inoculum of 0.01 ml of the original milk sample was incubated for 24h at 37 degrees c in broth, followed by culture using the standard culture techni ... | 2002 | 11852191 |
| antibiotic susceptibility patterns for environmental streptococci isolated from bovine mastitis in central california dairies. | environmental streptococci are frequently isolated from bovine mastitis in dairy cows with only limited information available on the antimicrobial susceptibility of these organisms. a total of 362 environmental streptococci isolated from cases of bovine mastitis from the central san joaquin valley of california over a 3-yr period were used in the study. overall, 39.9% of the strains tested were streptococcus uberis, 42.2% were streptococcus dysgalactiae, and 11.1% were enterococcus spp. the anti ... | 2002 | 11860105 |
| identification of lactoferrin-binding proteins in streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae and streptococcus agalactiae isolated from cows with mastitis. | three strains of streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (s. dysgalactiae) and five strains of streptococcus agalactiae were used to identify lactoferrin-binding proteins (lbps). lbps from extracted surface proteins were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting. all strains of s. dysgalactiae evaluated had 52- and 74-kda protein bands. all strains of s. agalactiae evaluated had 52-, 70- and 110-kda protein bands. in addition, a 45-kda band was detected in two of ... | 2002 | 11886756 |
| binding of bovine lactoferrin to streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae isolated from cows with mastitis. | three strains of streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (ut516, ut519, atcc 27957) were used to determine if bovine lactoferrin (lf) binds to bacterial cells by biotin avidin binding assay (baba), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and binding inhibition assay. binding assays revealed that all strains of s. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (s. dysgalactiae) evaluated in this study bound to lf. however, differences in lf binding capability among strains and between methods used we ... | 2002 | 11934491 |
| detection of subclinical mastitis in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) using somatic cell counts and the n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase test. | somatic cell counts, n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (nagase) activity and the infection status of the udder were determined in quarter milk samples (n = 86) from 22 multiparous, clinically healthy camels, traditionally managed by bedouin nomads in the negev desert, israel. seventy (81.4%) of the 86 samples examined contained bacteria, of which 35 (40.7%) gave mixed isolations of two or more bacteria, suggesting the existence of subclinical mastitis in the camel herds studied. sixteen samples (1 ... | 2002 | 11969115 |
| [streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possessing lancefield's group a antigen]. | we isolated streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis with lancefield's group a antigen from a patient in osaka city. this clinical isolate formed beta-hemolytic large colonies on sheep blood agar, and was catalase-negative gram-positive cocci carrying lancefield's group a antigen. therefore, streptococcus pyogenes and this clinical isolate could not be classified by the conventional method on the basis of lancefield's group antigen. in addition, the rapid detection system of group a strepto ... | 2002 | 11974882 |
| biofilm bacteria: formation and comparative susceptibility to antibiotics. | the calgary biofilm device (cbd) was used to form bacterial biofilms of selected veterinary gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria from cattle, sheep, pigs, chicken, and turkeys. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (mbec) of ampicillin, ceftiofur, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, penicillin g, streptomycin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, tilmicosin, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine for gram-positive and -negative b ... | 2002 | 11989739 |
| dual control of streptokinase and streptolysin s production by the covrs and fascax two-component regulators in streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. | synthesis of the plasminogen activator streptokinase (sk) by group a streptococci (gas) has recently been shown to be subject to control by two two-component regulators, covrs (or csrrs) and fasbca. in independent studies, response regulator covr proved to act as the repressor, whereas fasa was found to act indirectly as the activator by controlling the expression of a stimulatory rna, fasx. in an attempt at understanding the regulation of sk production in the human group c streptococcal (gcs) s ... | 2002 | 12065504 |
| trends in antibacterial susceptibility of mastitis pathogens during a seven-year period. | milk samples collected from dairy cattle suspected of having mastitis were submitted to the microbiology laboratory of the animal health diagnostic laboratory, michigan state university, for bacteriologic culture. a total of 2778 isolates, from the years 1994 to 2000, were isolated, identified, and subjected to in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method, in accordance with national committee on clinical laboratory standards (nccls) standards. isolates included ... | 2002 | 12086045 |
| the effect of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis on the lactation curve for somatic cell count. | data from 274 dutch herds recording clinical mastitis (cm) over an 18-mo period were used to investigate the effect of pathogen-specific cm on the lactation curve for somatic cell count (scc). analyzed pathogens were staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, escherichia coli, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, other streptococci, and the culture-negative samples. the dataset contained 178,754 test-day records on scc, recorded in 26,411 lactations of 21,525 cows of d ... | 2002 | 12086069 |
| bovine immunoglobulin a (iga)-binding activities of the surface-expressed mig protein of streptococcus dysgalactiae. | the mig protein of streptococcus dysgalactiae is a type iii immunoglobulin g (igg)-binding protein, expressing igg- and alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-m)-binding receptors. this study showed that the mig protein also displays binding activities to bovine immunoglobulin a (b-iga). biotin-labelled bovine serum iga bound immobilized recombinant mig and alpha2-m receptors derived from mig, as well as the native mig extracted from the surface of s. dysgalactiae strain sdg8 and the alpha(2)-m receptor r ... | 2002 | 12101294 |
| quarter milk somatic cell count in infected dairy cows: a meta-analysis. | the aim of this paper was to evaluate the effects associated with intramammary infection (imi) by a bacterium or a group of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, coliforms, staphylococci other than s. aureus, and corynebacterium bovis) on the somatic cell count (scc) in quarter milk of dairy cows. papers selected for analysis had to provide scc values associated with the natural infection in quarters by different bacteria. sa ... | 2002 | 12199362 |
| superantigen-like gene(s) in human pathogenic streptococcus dysgalactiae, subsp equisimilis: genomic localisation of the gene encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin g (speg(dys)). | streptococcus pyogenes (gas) causes about 90% of streptococcal human infections while group c (gcs) and g (ggs) streptococci can be pathogenic for different mammalians. especially the human pathogenic gcs and ggs, streptococcus dysgalactiae, subsp. equisimilis, account for 5-8% of the human streptococcal diseases like wound infections, otitis media, purulent pharyngitis and also streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. a defined superantigen so far was not identified in gcs and ggs strains. in the pr ... | 2002 | 12381468 |
| influence of dry period bacterial intramammary infection on clinical mastitis in dairy cows. | milk samples were taken from 1920 quarters (480 cows, six herds) on four occasions to examine the relationship between quarter level intramammary infection (imi) during the dry period and clinical mastitis in the next lactation. all quarters were sampled at drying off and within 1 wk of calving, and two quarters from each cow were sampled both 0 to 7 and 8 to 14 d before calving. milk samples were collected from all cases of clinical mastitis during the following lactation. logistic regression m ... | 2002 | 12416812 |
| aetiology and histopathology of bovine mastitis of espontaneous occurrence. | infectious bovine mastitis is responsible for serious economic losses in dairy cattle breeding. information about the damages caused by micro-organisms is of great interest and importance. the purpose of the present study was to report on the microbiological and histopathological aspects of the mammary parenchymas of slaughtered dairy cows. a total of 184 mammary glands were examined and samples of mammary parenchyma were collected for microbiological and histopathological examinations. micro-or ... | 2002 | 12449243 |
| epidemiological and bacteriological aspects of mastitis associated with yellow-jacket wasps (vespula germanica) in a dairy cattle herd. | the german wasp, vespula germanica has been observed to injure teats of dairy cows, causing lesions that are associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis. the presence of skin lesions on the teats, caused by the wasps, was recorded in a dairy cattle herd located in the samaria foothills during july-october 1999. wasp-inflicted injuries were found in 43.6% (58 of 133) of the adult cows and 1.4% (one of 71) of the first-calving cows. they were located in 42.4% of cows (n = 25) on all quarters ... | 2002 | 12485354 |
| analysis of a viridans group strain reveals a case of bacteremia due to lancefield group g alpha-hemolytic streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis in a patient with pyomyositis and reactive arthritis. | streptococcus dysgalactiae is classified by a combination of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics into lancefield group c alpha-hemolytic streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae and lancefield group c, group g, and group l beta-hemolytic streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. in this study, we report the isolation of a catalase-negative, alpha-hemolytic, optochin- and bacitracin-resistant viridans group strain, which does not grow in 10 or 40% bile, on macconkey agar or bile e ... | 2003 | 12574255 |
| streptococcus dysgalactiae-derived mitogen (sdm), a novel bacterial superantigen: characterization of its biological activity and predicted tertiary structure. | a mitogenic substance, designated streptococcus dysgalactiae-derived mitogen (sdm), was purified from s. dysgalactiae culture supernatant, and the gene encoding the mitogen was cloned. both native and recombinant sdm expressed in escherichia coli significantly activated human v beta 1+ and v beta 23+ t cells in association with major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecules on accessory cells, indicating that sdm possesses superantigenic properties. the sdm gene consists of two segmen ... | 2003 | 12622814 |
| identification and characterization of a new ligand-binding site in fnbb, a fibronectin-binding adhesin from streptococcus dysgalactiae. | streptococcus dysgalactiae s2, a bovine mastitis isolate, expresses the fibronectin (fn)-binding adhesin fnbb. here, we describe a new fibronectin-binding domain called ufnbd, located 100 amino acid n-terminal to the primary repetitive fn-binding domain (fnbrd-b) of fnbb. ufnbd interacted with n-terminal region of fn (n29) and this binding was mostly mediated by type i module pair 2-3 of n29 fragment, whereas fnbrd-b mainly bound to type i module pair 4-5. furthermore, ufnbd inhibited adherence ... | 2003 | 12637025 |
| adhesive surface proteins of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bind to polystyrene, fibronectin, and type i and iv collagens. | erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a gram-positive bacterium that causes erysipelas in animals and erysipeloid in humans. we found two adhesive surface proteins of e. rhusiopathiae and determined the nucleotide sequences of the genes, which were colocalized and designated rspa and rspb. the two genes were present in all of the serovars of e. rhusiopathiae strains examined. the deduced rspa and rspb proteins contain the c-terminal anchoring motif, lpxtg, which is preceded by repeats of consensus ami ... | 2003 | 12700253 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction as a mastitis screening test for staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis in bulk milk samples. | effective diagnostic tools for screening herds for mastitis pathogens are important in development and monitoring of mastitis control programmes. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for simultaneous detection of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis was used in preliminary studies to assess its applicability as an alternative method for monitoring mastitis caused by these organisms at the herd level. pcr was used to det ... | 2003 | 12800868 |
| occurrence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis in dairy herds in the west littoral region in uruguay. | twenty-nine dairy farms were selected to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis, prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis and bacterial aetiology in the west littoral region of uruguay. in samples taken by the owner and frozen at -20 degrees c during a week the incidence rate of clinical mastitis was determined as 1.2 cases per 100 cow-months at risk. staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolated pathogen in 37.5% of 40 milk samples from clinical cases obtained in 1 month. no bacteria grew ... | 2002 | 12831175 |
| production and properties of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances from the swine pathogen streptococcus suis serotype 2. | streptococcus suis serotype 2 is a major pathogen found in the upper respiratory tract of swine. in this study, isolates of this bacterial species were tested for the production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (blis). of the 38 strains tested, four inhibited the growth of other s. suis isolates according to a deferred-antagonism plate assay. interestingly, three of the strains were originally isolated from healthy carrier pigs and were considered nonvirulent. three isolates (94-623, 90 ... | 2003 | 12902232 |
| identification of streptococcus dysgalactiae strains of lancefield's group c, g and l by polymerase chain reaction. | streptococcus dysgalactiae serogroup c, g and l strains were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer region. the oligonucleotide primers with specificity for the 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer region allowed a correct identification of all s. dysgalactiae serogroups c, g and l strains investigated. no cross-reactivities could be observed with any of the control strains indicat ... | 2003 | 12916688 |
| experimental mastitis produced in goats by streptococcus dysgalactiae. | 1953 | 13084795 | |
| the histology of experimental streptococcus dysgalactiae mastitis in goats. | 1953 | 13109637 | |
| evaluation of the microbiological status of milk and various structures in mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows. | a knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. the objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. a total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collecte ... | 2003 | 14509537 |
| effect of penethamate hydriodide treatment on bacteriological cure, somatic cell count and milk production of cows and quarters with chronic subclinical streptococcus uberis or streptococcus dysgalactiae infection. | a randomized, controlled field trial was performed in the netherlands to determine the therapeutic efficacy of parenteral penethamate hydriodide (leocillin) against naturally occurring, chronic, streptococcal mastitis during lactation. quarter milk samples were collected from subclinical cases of streptococcus uberis or streptococcus dysgalactiae mastitis to determine the effect of treatment on bacteriological cure and somatic cell count (scc) at quarter level. a quarter was considered to be cur ... | 2003 | 14649409 |
| rdna sequence analyses of streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolates from pigs. | the nucleotide sequences of 16s and 23s rrna genes (rdna) were determined for 11 isolates of streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis from slaughtered pigs with endocarditis, arthritis or lymphadenitis and strain atcc 35666, designated as a strain of subspecies equisimilis. the sequences of each of the genes were compared phylogenetically with the corresponding sequences of s. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae atcc 43078(t) and atcc 27957, which were also determined in this study. based on t ... | 2003 | 14657127 |
| identification of superantigen genes spem, ssa, and smez in invasive strains of beta-hemolytic group c and g streptococci recovered from humans. | group c and g streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (gcse and ggse) cause a substantial percentage of invasive disease caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci. to determine whether streptococcus pyogenes superantigen (sag) genes commonly exist within these organisms, 20 recent invasive gcse and ggse human isolates and one group g streptococcus canis human isolate were tested for the presence of sag genes speh, spej, spel, spem, ssa and smez by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). prior to ... | 2003 | 14680708 |
| acquisition of host plasmin activity by the swine pathogen streptococcus suis serotype 2. | in this study, the plasminogen-binding activity of streptococcus suis serotype 2 was investigated. bound human plasminogen was activated by purified streptokinase, urokinase, or streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis culture supernatant. both human and porcine plasminogen were bound by s. suis. binding was inhibited by epsilon-aminocaproic acid, and the plasminogen receptor was heat and sodium dodecyl sulfate resistant. one of the receptors was identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate deh ... | 2004 | 14688145 |
| the role of group c and group g streptococci in acute pharyngitis in children. | group c streptococci (gcs) and group g beta-haemolytic streptococci (ggs) have caused well-documented epidemics of acute pharyngitis in children, but the importance of these organisms in causing endemic or sporadic pharyngitis is uncertain. the heterogeneity of gcs and ggs may obscure the role of certain subtypes, such as the large-colony-forming strains of group c (streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis) or group g, in endemic pharyngitis. for a 1-year period, children (aged 6 months to ... | 2004 | 14706084 |
| a gapc chimera retains the properties of the streptococcus uberis wild-type gapc protein. | the gapc products of streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae, and streptococcus uberis share considerable homology at the dna and amino acid levels. the high similarity at the protein level suggests that one gapc protein might be used as a single antigen to protect dairy cows against infections with the contagious s. agalactiae and the environmental s. dysgalactiae and s. uberis strains. despite their similarities, immunization with the s. dysgalactiae gapc did not protect dairy cow ... | 2004 | 14711517 |
| characterization of group c and g streptococcal strains that cause streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. | twelve strains (the largest number ever reported) of group c and g(1) streptococci (gcs and ggs, respectively) that caused streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (stss) were collected and characterized. eleven strains were identified as streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, and one strain was identified as streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. we found that it was the first reported case of stss caused by s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. cluster analysis according to the 16s rrna gene (rdna ... | 2004 | 14715751 |
| identification and molecular characterization of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from harbor seals (phoca vitulina) and grey seals (halichoerus grypus) of the german north and baltic seas. | bacteriological investigations of seals of the german north and baltic seas resulted in the isolation of bacteria of the genus streptococcus belonging to lancefield's serological groups c, f, and l. according to biochemical, serological, and 16s ribosomal dna analysis, the group c and group f streptococci were identified as streptococcus phocae. the group l streptococci could be classified as streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae. | 2004 | 14715808 |
| associations between pathogen-specific cases of clinical mastitis and somatic cell count patterns. | associations were estimated between pathogen-specific cases of clinical mastitis (cm) and somatic cell count (scc) patterns based on deviations from the typical curve for scc during lactation and compared with associations between pathogen-specific cm and lactation average scc. data from 274 dutch herds recording cm over an 18-mo period were used. pathogens found were staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, escherichia coli, streptococcus dysgalactiae, streptococcus uberis, stre ... | 2004 | 14765815 |
| the mig protein of streptococcus dysgalactiae inhibits bacterial internalization into bovine mammary gland epithelial cells. | the role of the mig protein of streptococcus dysgalactiae in bacterial adhesion and internalization of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (mac-t) was investigated with the wild-type and isogenic mig mutant strains. while there was no difference in adhesion between the strains, the wild-type strain exhibited a significantly lower level of invasion than the mutants. the lower level of internalization of the mig(+) strain is likely due to mig-mediated interference with uptake of the microorganis ... | 2004 | 14769463 |
| surveillance of severe invasive group-g streptococcal infections and molecular typing of the isolates in japan. | the number of patients with severe invasive group-g streptococcal (streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis) infections has been increasing in japan. the emm genotypes and smai-digested pulsed-field gel electrophoresis dna profiles were variable among the strains isolated, suggesting there has not been clonal expansion of a specific subpopulation of strains. however, all strains carried scpa, ska, slo and sag genes, some of which may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. | 2004 | 14979600 |
| conformational antagonism between opposing active sites in a bifunctional rela/spot homolog modulates (p)ppgpp metabolism during the stringent response [corrected]. | enzymes of the rel/spo family enable bacteria to survive prolonged periods of nutrient limitation by producing an intracellular signaling alarmone, (p)ppgpp, which triggers the so-called stringent response. both the synthesis of (p)ppgpp from atp and gdp(gtp), and its hydrolysis to gdp(gtp) and pyrophosphate, are catalyzed by rel/spo proteins. the 2.1 a crystal structure of the bifunctional catalytic fragment of the rel/spo homolog from streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, rel(seq), re ... | 2004 | 15066282 |
| in vitro growth inhibition of major mastitis pathogens by staphylococcus chromogenes originating from teat apices of dairy heifers. | earlier field observations suggest that teat apex colonization by staphylococcus chromogenes pre-partum in dairy heifers protects udder quarters against elevated somatic cell counts early post-partum. to explain these findings, the in vitro inhibitory capability of s. chromogenes from teat apices of heifers towards some major mastitis pathogens was tested using a modified cross-streaking method. two out of 10 s. chromogenes isolates, both originating from two different teats from the same heifer ... | 2004 | 15223126 |
| use of the surface proteins gapc and mig of streptococcus dysgalactiae as potential protective antigens against bovine mastitis. | streptococcus dysgalactiae is a significant pathogen associated with bovine mastitis in lactating and nonlactating dairy cows, causing a severe inflammatory response of the mammary gland, which results in major economic losses to the dairy industry. two proteins from s. dysgalactiae strain sdg8 were tested for their protective capacity against a homologous bacterial challenge in a dry cow model. the first was a bovine plasmin receptor protein (gapc), which shares 99.4% sequence identity to the p ... | 2004 | 15284888 |
| predominant microflora of downgraded danish bulk tank milk. | the microflora of downgraded danish bulk tank milk was examined to identify the main causes of increased microbial counts. seventy-five representative samples with a microbial count exceeding 3.0 x 10(4) cfu/ml were selected for a more detailed microbial examination. a total of 1237 isolates from these samples were identified. gram-negative, oxidase-positive bacteria were found in 72% of the samples. coliforms were found in 20% of the samples, and non-coliforms were found in 49% of the samples. ... | 2004 | 15290961 |
| efficacy of extended ceftiofur intramammary therapy for treatment of subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows. | little research has focused on treatment of cows with subclinical mastitis during lactation. ceftiofur is a new broad-spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for veterinary use that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by interfering with enzymes essential for peptidoglycan synthesis. ceftiofur should be effective against a wide range of contagious and environmental mastitis pathogens. objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of ceftiofur for treatment of subcl ... | 2004 | 15328260 |