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tissue folates in fruit bats (rousettus aegyptiacus) with nitrous oxide-induced vitamin b12 deficiency and neurological impairment.1. long-term exposure of the fruit bat rousettus aegyptiacus to nitrous oxide, which inactivates methylcobalamin, leads to neurological impairment and ataxia. 2. in n2o-exposed animals, liver concentrations of total folates and methyl folates decreased to less than one-fifth that of control animals. pediococcus cerevisiae-active folates were also reduced. 3. in brain, there were no changes in total or methyl folates, but p. cerevisiae-active folates were lower in n2o-exposed animals. 4. suppleme ...19873120768
molecular taxonomy and phylogenetic position of lactic acid bacteria.lactic acid bacteria, important in food technology, are gram-positive organisms exhibiting a dna g + c content of less than 50 mol%. phylogenetically they are members of the clostridium-bacillus subdivision of gram-positive eubacteria. lactobacillus and streptococci together with related facultatively anaerobic taxa evolved as individual lines of descent about 1.5-2 billion years ago when the earth passed from an anaerobic to an aerobic environment. in contrast to the traditional, morphology-bas ...19883139049
antibacterial activity of plantaricin sik-83, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus plantarum.lactobacillus plantarum sik-83 produces a bacteriocin, designated plantaricin sik-83, which inhibits 66 of 68 lactic acid bacteria from the genera lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus. a 500-fold dilution of l. plantarum sik-83 mrs culture supernatant with phosphate buffer was sufficient to kill 10(5) cells/ml of pediococcus pentosaceus within 120 s. the killing of a sensitive population followed exponential kinetics. it was shown that the bacteriocin binds specifically to s ...19883139056
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by using bacteriocin pa-1 produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0.the bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici pac 1.0, previously designated pa-1 bacteriocin, was found to be inhibitory and bactericidal for listeria monocytogenes. a dried powder prepared from pac 1.0 culture supernatant fortified with 10% milk powder was found to contain bacteriocin activity. an mic against l. monocytogenes and lytic effects in broth cultures were determined. inhibition by pa-1 powder occurred over the ph range 5.5 to 7.0 and at both 4 and 32 degrees c. in addition, i ...19883144243
numerical taxonomy of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria from prepacked meat and meat products.ninety-four strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from refrigerated, prepacked meat and meat products were together with 59 reference strains of brochothrix, lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus phenotypically classified, using 96 unit characters. data were examined using simple matching (ssm) or jaccard coefficient (sj), and unweighted pair group algorithm with arithmetic averages. twenty-three clusters with two or more members were defined at the 84% ssm-similarity leve ...19883178187
vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria isolated from human sources.recent reports of infections with vancomycin-resistant gram-positive bacteria prompted us to study vancomycin-resistant isolates from human sources to characterize the types of bacteria displaying this phenotype. thirty-six vancomycin-resistant gram-positive isolates, 14 from clinical specimens and 22 from stool samples, were identified. these isolates were tentatively identified as lactobacillus spp. (25 strains), leuconostoc spp. (6 strains), and pediococcus spp. (3 strains) on the basis of mo ...19883182995
application of electroporation for transfer of plasmid dna to lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc, listeria, pediococcus, bacillus, staphylococcus, enterococcus and propionibacterium.plasmid dna was introduced by electroporation into bacillus, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc, listeria, pediococcus, propionibacterium and staphylococcus as an alternative to competent-cell or protoplast transformation. plasmid-containing transformants were recovered in these recipients at frequencies ranging from 10(1) to 10(5) transformants micrograms-1 of pgk12. several parameters of the protocol, including dna concentration, voltage, plating regimen and electroporation ...19883185282
[taxonomic study of epiphyte lactic bacteria in grapes in galicia].a taxonomic analysis of the malolactic microflora present in nine grape samples from different zones of galicia, was carried out. nineteen strains were isolated and identified as lactobacillus plantarum (42%), l. brevis (10.6%), l. casei (5.25%), l. hilgardii (5.25%), streptococcus cremoris (5.25%), leuconostoc lactis (5.25%), l. oenos (10.6%), and pediococcus acidilactici (15.8%).19873268295
use of mrsd medium and the hydrophobic grid membrane filter technique to differentiate between pediococci and lactobacilli in fermented meat and starter cultures.modifications of mrs medium were made by incorporation of 0.1 m l-arginine-hcl, 0.0025% phenol red, 100 iu polymyxin b sulfate, by deletion of meat extract, use of only 1.2% (w/v) glucose and increase of mn2+ to 1000 ppm. in addition, adoption of the hydrophobic grid membrane filter (hgmf) system with 0.025% fast green fcf dye and adjustment of the agar medium to ph 5.5 gave mrsd (differential) medium. incubation at 25 degrees c anaerobically under n2 or co2 followed by a post-growth staining pr ...19883275319
[influence of vancomycin by venous route on salivary and fecal aerobic floras].an iv vancomycin treatment induces a reduction of gram positive cocci (staphylococcus, enterococcus) of the aerobic salivary and fecal flora. some of these strains persisted during and after treatment, but remained susceptible to vancomycin. others isolated gram positive cocci were resistant to vancomycin before and after treatment. they were identified as pediococcus sp., and leuconostoc sp. there is a reduction of the number of gram positive cocci, without increase of gram negative rods, lacto ...19873302881
pediococci and biotechnology.nomenclature changes of pediococci postdate the publication of bergey's manual. pediococci possess both a "group" and a "type" antigen. they are gram positive, asporogenous, nonmotile, generally catalase negative, but may possess catalase-like activity. the pediococci may have either a cytochrome or a flavoprotein enzyme system. anaerobically they are homofermentative using the pep:pts and the emp pathway. catalase positive strains utilize glucose aerobically and anaerobically while lactose and ...19873308317
bioavailability of high-dose oral leucovorin.fifteen adult subjects comprised the study group; 2 were colon cancer patients. total leucovorin (citrovorum factor; cf) doses of 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg were equally subdivided and administered at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours. three of the subjects were fasting and the other 12 were not. quantitation of serum l-cf by pediococcus cerevisiae and total reduced folates (trf) by radio-assay were performed in 10 samples from each subject drawn over a 12-hour period after initiation of cf dosing. the mean ...19873501547
enzyme electrode composed of the pyruvate oxidase from pediococcus species coupled to an oxygen electrode for measurements of pyruvate in biological media.pyruvate oxidase from pediococcus species was immobilized with gelatin and insolubilized in film form by tanning with glutaraldehyde. the film was fixed onto the tip of an oxygen electrode. the enzyme electrode was specific for pyruvate measurements. this electrode was sensitive to 0.1 mm and could be used up to a final pyruvate concentration of 2 mm. at each step of the enzymatic film preparation and assay 0.7 mm thiamine pyrophosphate, 10 microm flavin adenine dinucleotide, 5 mm mg2+ and 10 mm ...19873504152
effects of dietary chlortetracycline on the antimicrobial resistance of porcine faecal streptococcaceae.breeding pigs and one-half of their progeny were fed antimicrobial-free rations; the other half of the progeny received rations supplemented with 100 g of chlortetracycline (ctc)/ton. effects of dietary ctc with respect to the distribution of species and biotypes of faecal gram-positive cocci and their relative resistance to 12 antimicrobial agents were studied. diversity of antimicrobial resistance (amr) patterns and modal amr patterns were determined for bacterial species common to all three g ...19863700277
isolation and characterization of pediococcus halophilus from salted anchovies (engraulis anchoita).the presence of bacteria in salted anchovies during and at the end of the curing process was investigated. attempts to isolate bacteria under aerobic or anaerobic conditions led to the isolation of only bacteria of the genus pediococcus which were identified as pediococcus halophilus. the isolates correspond to a rather heterogeneous group in which some of the members differ in some biochemical tests from the types described in the literature.19853994370
lactate metabolism by pediococci isolated from cheese.pediococcus pentosaceus is commonly found among the adventitious microflora of cheddar cheese. when this organism was incubated with l-(+)-lactate under anaerobic conditions, l-(+)-lactate was rapidly converted to d-(-)-lactate until racemic (dl) lactate was present. under aerobic conditions this initial reaction was followed by a slower reaction resulting in the use of both lactate isomers and in the production of acetate and co2. with intact cells the lactate oxidation system had an optimum ph ...19854004222
glycerol teichoic acid as a common antigenic factor in lactobacilli and some other gram-positive organisms. 19734121097
folic acid metabolism in vitamin b12-deficient sheep. effects of injected methionine on liver constituents associated with folate metabolism.1. the effects of injected l-methionine (2g every second day for 28 days) on liver folates and other constituents of liver associated with folate metabolism were studied in vitamin b(12)-deficient ewes and their pair-fed controls receiving vitamin b(12). the dose rate of methionine used was sufficient to restore almost to normal the elevated excretion in the urine of formiminoglutamate in the deficient animals. 2. liver folates active for lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis r and pedioco ...19744155289
studies on continuous cultures of pediococci. 19674168168
plasmodium berghei: folic acid levels in mouse erythrocytes. 19734197972
regulation of c metabolism by l-methionine in saccharomyces cerevisiae.1. the concentrations of folate derivatives in aerobic cultures of saccharomyces cerevisiae (a.t.c.c. 9763) were determined by microbiological assay employing lactobacillus casei (a.t.c.c. 7469) and pediococcus cerevisiae (a.t.c.c. 8081). cells cultured in media lacking l-methionine contained higher concentrations of folate derivatives than cells grown in the same media supplemented with 2.5mumol of l-methionine/ml. the concentrations of highly conjugated derivatives were also decreased by suppl ...19724198357
trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole effect on folate metabolism. 19734199529
aldolase of lactic acid bacteria: a case history in the use of an enzyme as an evolutionary marker. 19734203394
[the process of production of various aromatic substances by the lactic acid microbes ped. cerevisiae and lact. plantarum when cultured together for the purpose of using them in production of boiled sausage]. 19734203934
identification and measurement of the folates in sheep liver.1. methods are described for the extraction, separation by ion-exchange chromatography and estimation by microbiological assay of the folates in sheep liver. 2. injection of [2-(14)c]-pteroylglutamate into a sheep fed on a stock diet led to extensive labelling of chromatographically separable liver folates. about 12% of the label in the liver could not be extracted by the method used. 3. liver folates were examined in five ewes fed on restricted amounts of a diet of wheaten hay-chaff and gluten ...19734204321
folic acid metabolism in vitamin b12-deficient sheep. depletion of liver folates.1. metabolism of folate was studied in six ewes in an advanced state of vitamin b(12) deficiency as judged by voluntary food intake and in their pair-fed controls receiving vitamin b(12). a group of four animals that were maintained throughout the experiment at pasture was also studied. 2. after 34-40 weeks on the cobalt-deficient diet urinary excretion of formiminoglutamate by four deficient animals was about 3.2mmol/day and this was not significantly decreased by injection of three of them wit ...19734204322
studies of folic acid compounds in nature. 3. folic acid compounds in cabbage. 19734204493
[use of the fluorescent antibody method for microbiological control in the food-processing industry (review)]. 19724207751
cross-resistance and collateral susceptibility to antifolic antimalarial compounds.series of strains of streptococcus faecium atcc 8043, lactobacillus casei atcc 7469, and pediococcus cerevisiae atcc 8081 with increasing resistance to the active antifolate antimalarial drugs chlorguanide triazine (cgt), pyrimethamine (pm), and trimethoprim (tmp) were isolated. these mutant strains, stable for at least 3 to 5 years, were examined for cross-resistance and collateral susceptibility to the above compounds and to methotrexate (mtx). generally, they exhibited cross-resistance to all ...19724208273
synthesis and antifolate activity of 10-deazaminopterin. 19744208480
[the presence of malic enzyme and malo-lactic enzyme in various lactic acid bacteria (author's transl)]. 19744209828
rapid transfer of folic acid from blood to bile in man, and its conversion into folate coenzymes and into a pteroylglutamate with little biological activity. 19744212300
studies of folate compounds in nature. folate compounds in rat kidney and red blood cells. 19744212359
development of a selective enterococcus medium based on manganese ion deficiency, sodium azide, and alkaline ph.rogosa broth, without its salt supplement and dissolved in deionized water, was adapted for the selective isolation and enumeration of enterococci. this medium supported good growth of enterococci, but it suppressed growth of other lactic acid bacteria. the sensitivity and specificity of the medium were tested after addition of various increasing concentrations of nan(3) against known strains of enterococci and other bacteria. many strains of streptococcus faecium showed low azide tolerance; opt ...19744214072
variations in the quaternary structure of three lactic acid bacteria aldolases. evidence for the existence of a class i and class ii aldolase in lactobacillus casei. 19744214814
biological ensiling of sugarcane tops. vii. isolation and characteristics of lactic acid bacteria. 19744215715
studies on the metabolic interrelationship between biotin and folic acid in rats. 19744215873
effect of folinate on thymidine uptake by pediococcus cerevisiae.uptake of (3)h-thymidine by resting cells of pediococcus cerevisiae was found to be energy- and temperature-dependent. the ph optimum was between 6.5 and 8.0, and after 2 min of incubation most of the radioactivity was found in the deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) fraction. iodoacetate at a concentration of 10(-2)m caused a 50% inhibition of uptake. preincubation of resting cells for 10 min with folinate (10(-3)mu mole/ml) diminished the (3)h-thymidine uptake by 75%. in growing cells, the folinate-in ...19684230856
kinetic isotope effects in enzymatic oxidations of d-[1-h]glucose and d-[1-2-h]glucose. 19684297943
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent lactate dehydrogenases in homofermentative and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria.three homofermentative (lactobacillus plantarum b38, l. plantarum b33, pediococcus pentosaceus b30) and three heterofermentative (leuconostoc mesenteroides 39, l. oenos b70, lactobacillus brevis) lactic acid bacteria were examined for the presence or absence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad)-dependent and nad-independent d- and l-lactate dehydrogenases. two of the six strains investigated, p. pentosaceus and l. oenos, did not exhibit an nad-independent enzyme activity capable of reducin ...19714333320
[decomposition of tartrate by lactobacilli]. 19724337553
medium for the selective enumeration of lactic acid bacteria from foods.a nitrite actidione polymyxin agar was developed for the enumeration of lactic acid bacteria. it was effective in recovering organisms from pure cultures and from foods.19734356465
uptake and metabolism of folate by a folate-utilizing mutant of pediococcus cerevisiae (8081-s) and the parent strain (8081). 19734540523
carrier-mediated transport of folate in a mutant of pediococcus cerevisiae.a mutant strain of pediococcus cerevisiae (p. cerevisiae/pteglu) was isolated which grows on low-folate (pteglu) concentrations (200 pg/ml). the growth response of the parent and mutant strains to folinate (5-cho-h(4)pteglu) was the same. the transport of (14)c-pteglu by p. cerevisiae/pteglu was temperature-dependent (q(10) between 27 c and 37 c was about 2), energy-dependent, and ph-dependent and was inhibited by iodoacetate, 2,4-dinitrophenol, potassium fluoride, and sodium azide. the uptake o ...19734540970
lipids of pediococcus cerevisiae and some methicillin-resistant substrains. 19744545199
enumeration of certain lactic acid bacteria from wiltshire bacon-curing brines. 19724555288
malt extract as protective medium for lactic acid bacteria in cryopreservation. 19724563585
quinazolines. 12. 1,3-diaminobenzo(f)quinazolines containing long-chain alkyl or chloro substituents on the central ring. synthesis and biological evaluation as candidate antifolate and antimalarial agents. 19744606974
intestinal conversion of folinic acid to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in man. 19724621839
the formation of rhizopterin and formylated folate polyglutamates during the growth of staphylococcus epidermidis. 19724624549
localization and interconversion of tetrahydropteroylglutamates in isolated pea mitochondria.1. mitochondria were extracted from 4-day-old pea cotyledons and purified on a sucrose density gradient. 2. microbiological assay of the purified mitochondrial fraction with lactobacillus casei (a.t.c.c. 7469), streptococcus faecalis (a.t.c.c. 8043) and pediococcus cerevisiae (a.t.c.c. 8081) revealed a discrete pool of conjugated and unconjugated derivatives of tetrahydropteroylglutamic acid. 3. solubilization and chromatographic studies of the mitochondrial fraction demonstrated the presence of ...19724628623
absorption of pteroylglutamate and dietary folates in man. 19724628665
effect of ph and oxygen tension on staphylococcal growth and enterotoxin formation in fermented sausage.commercial fermented 0sausages that contained significant numbers of viable coagulase-positive staphylococci were found to have the growth localized in the outermost areas of the sausage where oxygen tension was highest. staphylococci were found to be more acid-tolerant aerobically than anaerobically. with chemical acidulation of sausage, growth could be controlled both aerobically and anaerobically with approximately 1.5% glucono delta lactone. biological acidulation with a high inoculum of ped ...19724631103
folate distribution in fruit juices. 19734631389
trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and folate metabolism. 19734632643
effect of variations in conditions of incubation upon inhibition of staphylococcus aureus by pediococcus cerevisiae and streptococcus lactis.the effects of ph, temperature, proportion of staphylococcus aureus in the inoculum, various strains of effector organism, and various strains of s. aureus were examined for their influence on interactions between staphylococci and effector organisms in associative culture. in general, small changes in ph had little effect upon either growth of s. aureus or production of enterotoxin in associative culture. inhibition of growth of s. aureus caused by effector organisms was much greater at 25 than ...19734632847
effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on growth of staphylococcus aureus and production of enterotoxin.representative strains of 15 species of lactic acid bacteria were examined for their ability to influence growth of staphylococcus aureus and production of enterotoxin in associative culture. among the organisms used as effectors the streptococci were most inhibitory, followed by pediococcus cerevisiae. the lactobacilli and leuconostoc citrovorum were not inhibitory to growth and only slightly inhibitory to production of enterotoxin. enterotoxin was detected in all cultures in which the populati ...19734633430
wall synthesis by pediococcus cerevisiae and by a substrain that requires methicillin for growth.pediococcus cerevisiae and p. cerevisiae crd synthesized peptidoglycan when incubated in a wall synthesis solution inadequate to allow growth.19734745426
the effect of antibiotics on synthesis of mucopeptide and teichoic acid by pediococcus cerevisiae and by a substrain that requires methicillin for growth. 19734772092
inhibition of growth of pediococcus cerevisiae by polycyclic hydrocarbon-cysteine conjugates. 19744814142
malo-lactic fermentation. 19674866751
the interpretation of freeze-etched artificial and bilogical membranes. 19684872426
diastereoisomers of formaldehyde derivatives of tetrahydrofolic acid and tetrahydroaminopterin. 19694883936
n'-(substituted) pantothenamides, antimetabolites of pantothenic acid. 19704909169
beta-alanyl thio esters. 19704909637
disturbance of folic acid metabolism in vitamin b12 deficiency caused by antivitamin b12. 19654953626
microbial growth on c1 compounds. the role of folat in the metabolism of pseudomonas am1.1. the growth of pseudomonas am1 is much more sensitive to inhibition by sulphanilamide when methanol, rather than succinate, acts as the sole carbon and energy source; a sulphanilamide concentration of 1mm, which causes almost complete inhibition of growth on methanol, has little effect in a succinate medium. 2. similar results have been obtained with sulphadiazine and sulphathiazole. sulphanilic acid has little effect. 3. a similar differential sensitivity to sulphanilamide is shown by protami ...19664957628
nature of the blood folates in young chicks and poults fed pteroylmonoglutamic acid or pteroylheptaglutamates. 19664958462
distribution of folates in ochromonas malhamensis. 19664961345
group q streptococci. ii. nutritional characteristics and growth relationship to thymine, folate, and folinate.the vitamin requirements of the group q streptococci (streptococcus avium) and the established enterococcal species (s. faecalis and s. faecium) paralleled one another, although s. avium did not characteristically require riboflavine or pyridoxal. s. avium was further differentiated in that it required thymine for growth initiation whether or not folate was present. folate was stimulatory in the presence of sub-optimal concentrations of thymine, as well as during the early growth period with opt ...19674962700
microbiological assay of serum and whole-blood folic acid activity. 19674964159
folate coenzyme pattern, folate linked enzymes and methionine biosynthesis in rat liver mitochondria. 19674964461
tetrahydrofolate-dependent enzyme activities of the rat liver in riboflavin deficiency. 19684970398
5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid and other folate derivatives in germinating pea seedlings. 19684973908
microbiological plate assay methods for free amino acid levels in blood. 19694975048
the distribution of folates in rabbit tissues during phenylhydrazine-induced haemolysis. 19694978549
plate assay methods for amino acids. 7. tyrosine. 19684978918
plate assay methods for amino acids. 5. usefulness of nine strains of lactic-acid bacteria for the assay of methionine. 19684979113
plate assay methods for amino acids. 6. comparative assays for methionine carried out by the plate method, the tube method and the ion-exchange column chromatographic method. 19684979114
folate derivatives in healthy and rust-infected primary leaves of wheat. 19694983293
[nature of the malic enzyme of lactic bacteria isolated from wines]. 19704985472
urinary excretion of folic acid activity in man. 19704987973
effect of excision and benzimidazole treatment on folate content of wheat leaves and wheat leaf chloroplasts. 19704991049
synthesis of 1-amino-2-hydroxycyclopentanecarboxylic acid. 19714997124
cell wall lytic enzymes of microbial origin and their application]. 19715001159
folate antagonists as antibacterial and antiprotozoal agents. 19715002439
pteroylglutamate derivatives in pisum sativum l. biosynthesis of cotyledonary tetrahydropteroylglutamates during germination.1. the concentrations of pteroylglutamate derivatives in the cotyledons of pea (pisum sativum l.) seedlings were determined by microbiological assay by using lactobacillus casei (a.t.c.c. 7469), streptococcus faecalis (a.t.c.c. 8043) and pediococcus cerevisiae (a.t.c.c. 8081). during germination the pteroylglutamate content of the cotyledons increased rapidly from 0.2mug/g dry wt. to 4.0mug/g dry wt., the maximum values being reached approx. 120h after imbibition. 2. approx. 50% of the pteroylgl ...19715003530
[the sensitivity of microorganisms to growth factors. ii. effect of various reducing agents on the extraction and determination of folates by lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecalis and pediococcus cerevisiae]. 19715003561
2,4-diamino-6-arylethylpteridines as streptococcus faecium growth inhibitors. 19715003787
difference between manganese ion requirements of pediococci and enterococci.for maximal turbidity and dissimilatory activity, three strains of pediococci required the addition of mn(2+) to rogosa basal medium. twenty-two strains of enterococci proved indifferent to this supplement.19725079080
[on the formation of volatile by-products of fermentation by lactic acid bacteria]. 19715092512
dna base composition of gram-positive cocci. 19715146835
the isolation of pediococci from human saliva. 19665226785
improvement of the microbiological assay for calcium leucovorin.the calcium leucovorin assay was improved by adding thoral germicide which resuspended the cells so that an accurate turbidity reading could be obtained.19695308851
[absorption of synthetic acid folic acid and of its natural forms in the alimentary tract]. 19715314219
microbial destruction by low concentrations of hypochlorite and iodophor germicides in alkaline and acidified water.hypochlorite and iodophor germicides were evaluated for their ability to destroy a variety of organisms at levels approximating those used for final sanitizing rinse for dairy and food equipment and beverage bottles (3 to 50 ppm). test organisms included escherichia coli, streptococcus lactis, lactobacillus plantarum, pediococcus cerevisiae, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the hypochlorites and iodophors demonstrated approximate rates of destruction at equivalent concentrations for the bacterial s ...19675340652
[formation of diacetyl and pentane-2,3-dione in pediococcus cerevisiae]. 19695360878
biosynthesis of mucopeptide by pediococcus cerevisiae and by a substrain requiring methicillin for growth. 19695362658
purity of amino acids. 19705424159
tetrad-forming cocci in ciders. 19705448251
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