Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [surgical case of an uncommon knee joint disease]. | 2014 | 4234262 | |
| motor-transformation learning. | 2015 | 4462078 | |
| transposed great arteries combined with totally anomalous pulmonary veins. a report of a successful correction. | 2015 | 4551764 | |
| [response of the recipient's tissue bed and features of reparative osteogenesis in retransplantation of bone tissue]. | 1972 | 4553209 | |
| [some problems of infant's feet]. | 2015 | 4710710 | |
| [spinal and spino-bulbo-spinal neuronal mechanisms of transmitting somato- and viscero-motor influences in the thoracic region of the spinal cord]. | 1973 | 4777797 | |
| identification of haemophilus gallinarum in artificially infected chickens. | 1968 | 4868834 | |
| the field trial: some thoughts on the indispensable ordeal. | 1968 | 4875751 | |
| synergism between avian infectious bronchitis virus and haemophilus gallinarum. | 1967 | 4962423 | |
| nucleic acid homologies of selected bacteria, l forms, mycoplasma species. | rogul, m. (walter reed army institute of research, washington, d.c.), z. a. mcgee, r. g. wittler, and stanley falkow. nucleic acid homologies of selected bacteria, l forms, and mycoplasma species. j. bacteriol. 90:1200-1204. 1965.-the molar per cent of guanine plus cytosine (g + c) in the deoxyribonucleic acids (dna) of proteus mirabilis, strain 9, and its stable l form was determined by thermal denaturation and found to be approximately 39.5% g + c. the dna homologies of this bacterium and its ... | 1965 | 5848325 |
| application of the agar gel precipitation test to serological studies of chickens inoculated with haemophilus gallinarum. | 1965 | 5855815 | |
| infectious coryza of chickens. v. influence of mycoplasma gallisepticum infection on chicken infected with haemophilus gallinarum. | 1965 | 5871448 | |
| haemophilus infections in chickens. iv. results of laboratory and fieldtrials of formalinized bacterins for the prevention of disease caused by haemophilus gallinarum. | 1963 | 5888520 | |
| relationship between protective activity and antigen structure of haemophilus paragallinarum serotypes 1 and 2. | the object in this investigation was to determine the relationship between protective activity and antigenic structure of haemophilus paragallinarum, serotypes 1 and 2. a close relationship exists in both serotypes between protective activity and colonial phenotypic form (iridescent and noniridescent). protective activities of both serotypes were related to a heat-labile, trypsin-sensitive (l) antigen of iridescent form that produced serotype-specific agglutinin to chickens. the chickens having ... | 1980 | 6153875 |
| heat-stable antigenic determinants of haemophilus paragallinarum. | 1980 | 6162301 | |
| serologic and immunologic studies on three types of hemagglutinin of haemophilus paragallinarum serotype 1 organisms. | 1983 | 6200636 | |
| serological classification of australian isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. | thirty-nine australian isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum were compared serologically with 3 reference serotype strains of h. paragallinarum using a plate agglutination test. twenty-eight of the isolates were serotype c, 5 were serotype a, while the remaining 6 isolates could not be assigned to a serotype. | 1984 | 6210076 |
| pathogenicity of australian isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum and haemophilus avium in chickens. | twenty-seven australian avian haemophilus isolates were tested for their ability to cause infectious coryza in specific pathogen-free chickens. all 15 isolates, identified as h. paragallinarum, produced infectious coryza, whereas all 12 h. avium isolates were nonpathogenic, but spread to in-contact chickens. | 1984 | 6232754 |
| performance of 3 successive generations of specified-pathogenfree chickens maintained as a closed flock. | no antibodies against salmonella pullorum, mycoplasma gallisepticum, mycoplasma synoviae, haemophilus gallinarum, fowl pox virus, marek's disease virus, herpes virus of turkey, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian adenovirus, avian reovirus, infectious bursal disease virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, avian leukosis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus and newcastle disease virus were detectable in the sera obtained from these chickens in 3 generations at various ages. antibodies against i ... | 1980 | 6253742 |
| correlation of enzyme-induced cleavage sites on negatively superhelical dna between prokaryotic topoisomerase i and s1 nuclease. | negatively superhelical pns1 dna with a molecular weight of 2.55 mda (4 kbp) was found to contain 13 specific, unbasepaired sites that are sensitive to a single-strand-specific s1 nuclease cleavage. the s1-cleavage occurred once at these sites. in the absence of added mg2+, the topoisomerase i purified from haemophilus gallinarum formed a complex with the superhelical pns1 dna which has a hidden strand cleavage. extensive proteinase k digestion of the complex led to cleavage of the dna chain. th ... | 1983 | 6303425 |
| the effect of oil-emulsion vaccines on the occurrence of nonspecific plate agglutination reactions for mycoplasma gallisepticum and m. synoviae. | six groups of ten 18-week-old mycoplasma-free white leghorn pullets were vaccinated with one of the following: mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) bacterin. haemophilus gallinarum bacterin, pasteurella multocida bacterin, combined infectious bursal disease (ibd)-newcastle (ndv) chicken-embryo-origin (ceo) vaccine. ibd-ndv tissue-culture-origin (tc) vaccine, or saline emulsified in oil; one group received no vaccine. plate agglutination tests for m. synoviae (ms) and mg were done for 10 weeks after vac ... | 1984 | 6331364 |
| [in vivo effectiveness of the sulfonamide sulfachlorpyridazine (scp) and of the combination of sulfachlorpyridazine and trimethoprim (scp + tmp) against haemophilus paragallinarum]. | 1983 | 6347605 | |
| relationship between anticapsular antibody and protective activity of a capsular antigen of haemophilus paragallinarum. | 1984 | 6492537 | |
| [clinical cases of infectious coryza and the properties of isolated haemophilus strains]. | studied were a total of sixteen cases with the clinical picture of coryza. leading role in eleven of them had haemophilus, in one the signs of chronical cholera and pox were seen, and in three there was a pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. all cases were serologically positive for crd. by their needs of nutrient growth factors the isolated haemophilus strains belonged to h. paragallinarum, and they proved pathogenic for 8-week-old birds and poults that were about to lay their first eggs, killing ... | 1984 | 6506456 |
| susceptibility of haemophilus paragallinarum to bactericidal activity of normal and immune chicken sera. | 1984 | 6521142 | |
| clearance of the challenge organisms from the upper respiratory tract of chickens injected with an inactivated haemophilus paragallinarum vaccine. | 1984 | 6521144 | |
| serologic typing of haemophilus paragallinarum based on serum bactericidal reactions. | 1984 | 6521153 | |
| hemagglutinin of haemophilus paragallinarum serotype 1 organisms. | 1984 | 6737824 | |
| immunologic properties of variants dissociated from serotype 1 haemophilus paragallinarum strains. | 1984 | 6737827 | |
| further characterization of haemophilus paragallinarum and haemophilus avium. | a total of 60 isolates of haemophilus spp. from chickens, including four reference strains of h. paragallinarum and one of h. avium, were examined for their physiological and biochemical properties. the isolates could be placed into two groups. one group was identified as h. paragallinarum and consisted of 43 isolates including the four reference strains of h. paragallinarum. the other group was identified as h. avium and consisted of 17 isolates including the reference strain of h. avium. h. av ... | 1982 | 6758314 |
| hemagglutinin of haemophilus paragallinarum serotype 2 organisms: occurrence and immunologic properties of hemagglutinin. | hemagglutinating properties of haemophilus paragallinarum serotype 2 and serotype c against freshly collected and glutaraldehyde (ga)- fixed chicken rbc were investigated. different from serotype 1, the nontreated organisms of serotype 2 and serotype c lacked hemagglutinating activity. however, when the organisms were treated with potassium thiocyanate (kscn) and/or sonication, activity occurred not only against ga-fixed chicken rbc, but also against ga-fixed rbc of various animal species. the m ... | 1982 | 6808871 |
| serological classification of haemophilus paragallinarum with a hemagglutinin system. | antigens, prepared from 17 strains of haemophilus paragallinarum by treatment with potassium thiocyanate followed by sonication, uniformly agglutinated glutaraldehyde-fixed chicken erythrocytes and formed specific hemagglutination inhibition antibodies in rabbits. attempts were made to classify the strains into serotypes by a combination of cross-hemagglutination inhibition and cross-absorption tests, using the hemagglutinating antigens, designated as ha-l hemagglutinin, and their antisera. the ... | 1983 | 6874914 |
| relationships between virulence and morphological or serological properties of variants dissociated from serotype 1 haemophilus paragallinarum strains. | relationships between morphological or serological properties and virulence were investigated in seven haemophilus paragallinarum variants. the variants, originated from five serotype 1 strains, were classified into seven types on the basis of colony morphology and iridescence and the presence of variant-specific antigens. smooth (s) and encapsulated organisms having variant-specific antigens and forming highly iridescent (ir+) colonies were highly virulent in vivo; slightly encapsulated organis ... | 1983 | 6885991 |
| use of gonococcal agar medium for preparation of antigen of haemophilus paragallinarum hemagglutinin. | some solid media for antigen preparation of haemophilus paragallinarum (hpg) hemagglutinin (ha) were studied. when ha activities of hpg strain 221 cultivated on chicken meat infusion (cmi) and gonococcal (gc) agar media were compared, the titer of the gc agar medium appeared faster and was higher than the titer on the cmi agar medium. for both agar media, the ha titer and growth increased with the concentration of the chicken serum added. in addition, ha activity on gc agar medium showed a highe ... | 1982 | 7092740 |
| [presence and incidence of haemophilus paragallinarum in swiss poultry stocks]. | 1982 | 7100880 | |
| adhesion of haemophilus paragallinarum to cultured chicken cells. | adhesion of haemophilus paragallinarum to chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) in vitro was investigated in correlation with its virulence. under the scanning electron microscope, the organisms were seen adhering to cef exposed to the bacteria. by transmission electron microscopy, the organisms appeared to attach to the plasma membrane of cef by their fuzzy material. they were enclosed in membrane-limited vesicles and appeared morphologically intact. specific fluorescence was seen in the cytoplasm o ... | 1982 | 7167062 |
| biologic and serologic relationships between page's and sawata's serotypes of haemophilus paragallinarum. | biologic and serologic relationships between page's serotypes a, b, and c and sawata's serotypes 1 and 2 of haemophilus paragallinarum were investigated. of the 7 page's serotype strains testes (which were biologically confirmed as h paragallinarum), serotype b strains spross and 0222 (which produced a low-iridescent smooth-type colony) required v factor, but did not require chicken serum for growth. serotype a strains 083, w, georgia, and germany and serotype c strain modesto, as well as sawata ... | 1980 | 7212424 |
| purification and properties of haemophilus paragallinarum hemagglutinin. | hemagglutinin (ha) of haemophilus paragallinarum was purified, and its immunologic, chemical, and morphologic properties were studied. the ha was purified by gel filtration on sepharose 6b and by subsequent ultracentrifugation of trypsinized cells after pretreatment with neuraminidase. after gel filtration, the ha component (fractioned ha) gave 1 precipitin line by gel diffusion, and after inoculation in chickens, hemagglutinination-inhibition antibody to trypsin-sensitive ha antigen was found. ... | 1980 | 7212446 |
| properties of heat-stable antigen in the culture supernate of haemophilus paragallinarum. | 1980 | 7230571 | |
| haemophilus infections in chickens. 3. immunogenicity of serotypes 1 and 2 strains of haemophilus paragallinarum. | 1980 | 7230573 | |
| occurrence of two hemagglutinins on haemophilus paragallinarum strain 221 and comparison of their properties. | 1980 | 7230577 | |
| serological and immunological differences between two hemagglutinins of haemophilus paragallinarum strain 221. | 1980 | 7230578 | |
| hemagglutination inhibition of haemophilus paragallinarum type 1 hemagglutinin by lipopolysaccharide. | 1981 | 7332131 | |
| latex agglutination test for measurement of type-specific antibody to haemophilus paragallinarum in chickens. | a latex agglutination test employing serotype-specific haemophilus paragallinarum polysaccharides as the antigen has been developed. it can be used to measure the antigen-antibody reaction in chicken sera when spontaneous latex particle agglutinin is removed without loss of detectable antibody by kaolin pretreatment. the test was tried to detect the serological response in immunized chickens with two different serotype strains of h. paragallinarum; it could detect the type-specific antibody, and ... | 1981 | 7337616 |
| the isolation of haemophilus paragallinarum from japanese quail. | 1981 | 7340794 | |
| immunologic relationship between page's and sawata's serotype strains of haemophilus paragallinarum. | immunologic relationship among page's a, b, and c and sawata's 1 and 2 serotype strains of haemophilus paragallinarum was investigated. in cross-protection tests, two distinct type-specific immunities existed among the strains used. all page's serotype a strains (083, w, georgia, and germany) were immunologically similar to sawata's serotype 1 strain 221, although serotype c strain modesto was similar to serotype 2 strain h-18. cross-protection was not observed between these two serotypes. howev ... | 1980 | 7406296 |
| characterisation of pasteurella multocida isolated from fowl cholera outbreaks on turkey farms. | biochemical profiles, restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) and ribotyping were used to investigate pasteurella multocida isolates from outbreaks of fowl cholera on 7 turkey farms in new south wales. while only a single isolate was available from 5 of the farms, multiple isolates, 4 and 12 respectively, were available from the other 2 farms. the available field evidence suggested that 8 outbreaks had occurred with one farm suffering 2 outbreaks. the isolates obtained were all confirmed as past ... | 1995 | 7544114 |
| phenotypic and molecular characterization of v-factor (nad)-independent haemophilus paragallinarum. | in south africa from early 1989 onward, strains of haemophilus paragallinarum not requiring nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) have been isolated from commercial chickens suffering from infectious coryza. fifteen of these field isolates were characterized by biochemical typing, serotyping, restriction endonuclease analysis (rea), and ribotyping. the chosen isolates represented diversity in geographic location, time of disease outbreak, and type of flock. all were typical of the species in b ... | 1995 | 7677650 |
| measurement of antibody titer to fowl pox virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the usefulness of the measurement of antibody titer to fowl pox virus (fpv) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated in spf chickens with or without inoculation with fpv. the optimum concentration of purified antigen was 10 micrograms/ml of protein. the absorbance at 492 nm was less than 0.10 in the chickens negative to fpv from 1 to 63 days old. by contrast, a higher titer was detected in spf chickens with various fpvs inoculated into the wing web than in non-inoculated chicke ... | 1994 | 7696418 |
| complicated infectious coryza outbreaks in argentina. | seventeen complicated outbreaks of infectious coryza in layer, broiler-breeder, and broiler flocks were studied. in the layer flock outbreaks, drops in egg production of up to 35% were seen. in the broiler flocks and several of the layer flocks, losses due to persistent mortality and/or culling varied between 2 and 5%. signs of infectious coryza in both layers and broiler-breeders were typical; in broilers, however, swollen head-like syndrome was seen. except in one flock, no viral diseases were ... | 1994 | 7832727 |
| characterization of haemophilus paragallinarum isolated in the philippines. | in 1989 and 1990, we isolated five strains of haemophilus paragallinarum in the philippines. serological studies were done on three of these isolates. the results of haemagglutination, reactability to monoclonal antibodies and cross immunization with standard strains showed that they belonged to serotypes a, b and c respectively. this is the first report on the isolation of h. paragallinarum and on a related serological study in the philippines. | 1994 | 7865575 |
| monoclonal antibody characterization of south african field isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. | a total of 27 different isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum were made from chickens between june 1991 and december 1992. all of these isolates were examined by elisa, by means of a locally produced panel of three monoclonal antibodies (denoted f1, v1 and vf3). the isolates were all of the f1 antigenic type. three of them showed a weak reaction with the f1 monoclonal antibody, while three other isolates reacted strongly with the f1 as well as with the vf3 mab. a selection of stored haemophilus ... | 1993 | 7970573 |
| characterization of isolates of avian haemophili from brazil. | the biochemical and serological properties of 29 isolates of avian haemophili obtained from chickens in brazil are described. twenty-seven of the isolates had the typical biochemical properties of haemophilus paragallinarum. the two remaining isolates had the typical properties of pasteurella avium, formerly known as haemophilus avium. all of the h. paragallinarum isolates were serotyped according to the page scheme using a hemagglutination-inhibition test. fourteen of the isolates were serovar ... | 1994 | 7980274 |
| protective effect of oral administration of killed haemophilus paragallinarum serotype a on chickens. | orally administered bacterin of killed haemophilus paragallinarum effectively induced production of serum hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies in chickens, and all immunized chickens were protected from subsequent infection. although one intramuscular dose of 10(8) cells adjuvanted with aluminium phosphate gel (equivalent to commercial vaccine) induced protective immunity, two oral doses of 10(10) cells each with no adjuvants were required to induce effective immunity. | 1994 | 7980277 |
| characterization of two monoclonal antibodies directed against serovar a haemophilus paragallinarum. | two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against a serovar a haemophilus paragallinarum were evaluated for their ability to react with 11 reference strains that represented all the recognized serovars and with 27 field isolates of page serovar a collected from around the world. the mabs were used in a hemagglutination-inhibition assay. both mabs recognized type strains of page serovar a and kume serovars a-1 and a-2 but not the type strains of kume serovars a-3 and a-4. neither mab recognized the ... | 1994 | 7980289 |
| isolation and characterization of a haemophilus paragallinarum mutant that lacks a hemagglutinating antigen. | in an in vivo cross-protection test with haemophilus paragallinarum strains of serovars b and c, we isolated and characterized a mutant strain, s1m, which lacked a hemagglutinating (ha) antigen when compared biologically and immunologically with isogenic strain s1. unlike the isogenic strain s1, the mutant strain s1m lacked ha activity against formaldehyde-fixed chicken erythrocytes, even after hyaluronidase treatment, and it did not stimulate hemagglutination-inhibition antibody in chickens imm ... | 1993 | 8141756 |
| efficacy of norfloxacin nicotinate treatment of broiler breeders against haemophilus paragallinarum. | the efficacy of the antimicrobial drug norfloxacin for treating infectious coryza was examined in 26-week-old male broiler breeders. chickens were inoculated in the infraorbital sinus with the causal organism, haemophilus paragallinarum. four experimental groups were set up: control uninfected chickens, infected untreated chickens, and infected chickens treated for 5 days with either 20 mg norfloxacin/kg body weight or 40 mg norfloxacin/kg body weight. the first clinical signs were seen 24 hr po ... | 1993 | 8257357 |
| plasmid-encoded nad independence in some south african isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. | atypical haemophilus paragallinarum have been isolated from both laying hens and broilers suffering from typical symptoms of infectious coryza in south africa. re-inoculation of these bacteria into spf chickens resulted in similar pathology. the bacteria could be successfully re-isolated from the experimentally infected chickens. four of the isolates from layers and 3 of those from broilers were found to be closely related to h. paragallinarum serotype a (0083 strain) when tested by the use of a ... | 1993 | 8332325 |
| lesions and immunoperoxidase localisation of haemophilus paragallinarum in chickens with infectious coryza. | 1993 | 8333119 | |
| characterization of isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum from argentina. | the biochemical and serological properties of haemophilus paragallinarum isolates recovered from 11 recent outbreaks of infectious coryza in layer hens and one case of swollen-head syndrome in broilers in argentina are described. twenty-four isolates had the typical biochemical properties of h. paragallinarum. all isolates were serotyped according to the page scheme. ten of the isolates were serovar a, 11 were serovar b, one was serovar c, and two isolates could not be serotyped. the isolates we ... | 1993 | 8363497 |
| characterization of haemophilus paragallinarum isolates from china. | the biochemical and serological properties of 11 isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum from outbreaks of infectious coryza in the people's republic of china are described. all 11 isolates had the typical biochemical properties of h. paragallinarum, and all belonged to page serovar a. | 1993 | 8363520 |
| purification of hemagglutinin from haemophilus paragallinarum using monoclonal antibody. | the purification of hemagglutinin from haemophilus paragallinarum was attempted using affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibody. the antigen eluted from the affinity column using potassium thiocyanate buffer agglutinated chicken erythrocytes. in immunoblotting of the eluted antigen, a single band with monoclonal antibody was found as well as the crude antigen. when the chickens were immunized with the eluted antigen, they produced the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) antibody, and they sh ... | 1993 | 8451834 |
| the effect of route of inoculation on protection by killed vaccines in chickens. | the effect of various routes of immunization on protection against challenge by virulent agents was examined in chickens. chickens were immunized intratracheally, intranasally, per os, by crop gavage, and intramuscularly. agents examined were killed haemophilus paragallinarum, mycoplasma gallisepticum, and infectious bursal disease virus. results of immunization by intratracheal administration were equivalent to those produced by parenteral administration. all vaccines effectively induced produc ... | 1995 | 8561734 |
| effects of transformation on the hemagglutinins of haemophilus paragallinarum. | strain 0083 and two field isolates of h. paragallinarum were previously converted into nad-independent organisms by the use of crude dna extractions from naturally occurring nad-independent h. paragallinarum isolates. two of these transformed isolates [0083(t) and a745(t)] were used as dna donors in another transformation experiment in which another field isolate (m85) was used as the dna recipient. transformation was confirmed by lack of nad requirement for growth, by carbohydrate fermentation ... | 1995 | 8668324 |
| transferrin binding protein two interacts with both the n-lobe and c-lobe of ovotransferrin. | the present study was initiated to identify the region(s) of ovotransferrin involved in binding to the bacterial transferrin receptors from haemophilus paragallinarum and haemophilus avium. ovotransferrin was digested with either trypsin or thermolysin to obtain its n-lobe and c-lobe fragments. the individual fragments were then purified by a combination of gel exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography. solid phase binding experiments with the individual fragments demonstrated that the c-lobe fr ... | 1996 | 8722096 |
| development and application of dna probes and pcr tests for haemophilus paragallinarum. | a genomic dna library of haemophilus paragallinarum strain modesto was created. screening of this library identified four clones that reacted specifically with all 56 isolates of h. paragallinarum tested and failed to react with 24 closely related bacteria from the genera pasteurella and actinobacillus. all four clones also failed to react with dna extracted from one field isolate each of mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae. the probes based on these four clones were approximately 1 ... | 1996 | 8790892 |
| characterization and pathogenicity of haemophilus paragallinarum serotype c in local chickens of taiwan. | two strains (strains 39 & b) of haemophilus paragallinarum were isolated and identified as serotype c by dot-blotting analysis in taiwan in 1994. to identify their virulence and pathogenicity in taiwanese local chickens, local chickens were inoculated via nostril with the isolates, and examined for 14 days. clinical signs of swollen face, and nasal discharge were first seen at 24 hr after inoculation, and the infectivity of strains 39 and b at 14 days after inoculation among the inoculated chick ... | 1996 | 8916002 |
| changes in the incidences of the different serovars of haemophilus paragallinarum in south africa: a possible explanation for vaccination failures. | infectious coryza remains an important disease in the poultry industry despite the long-term and widespread use of vaccines against its causative agent, haemophilus paragallinarum, in south africa. in order to detect antigenic changes between populations of h. paragallinarum isolated before the use of vaccines against infectious coryza in this country, and field isolates obtained after the introduction of infectious coryza vaccines, 106 different nad-dependent isolates (of which 93 were identifi ... | 1996 | 8917859 |
| transposon mutagenesis of haemophilus paragallinarum with tn916. | the gram-positive transposon tn916 was introduced into two strains of haemophilus paragallinarum by electroporation of the suicide plasmid pam120 (pgl101::tn916). tetracycline resistant mutants of h. paragallinarum strains tw-1 and 221 were recovered at frequencies of 2.1 x 10(-6) and 4.5 x 10(-7) per viable cell electroporated, respectively. tn916 generates stable single insertions within different sites of the h. paragallinarum chromosome. one tw-1::tn916 mutant had the tn916 insertion in the ... | 1996 | 9054124 |
| effects of growth conditions and incubation times on the expression of antigens of haemophilus paragallinarum which are detected by monoclonal antibodies. | haemophilus paragallinarum causes infectious coryza in poultry, and a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were established, which detect surface antigens of this bacterium. it was postulated that these mabs could be used to detect antigenic differences between strains of h. paragallinarum used in infectious coryza (ic) vaccines, and isolates made from the field, from poultry vaccinated against ic. it has previously been reported that in south africa there are three different mab patterns that ... | 1997 | 9204505 |
| a monoclonal antibody-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of serovar-specific antibodies to haemophilus paragallinarum. | two monoclonal antibody-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (b-elisas) were developed to detect serovar-specific antibodies to haemophilus paragallinarum. one assay detected antibodies against serovar a and the other antibodies against serovar c. the assays were evaluated with sera derived from disease-free chickens as well as chickens experimentally immunized and/or challenged with h. paragallinarum strains 0083 (serovar a), modesto (serovar c), or hp31 (serovar c). when tested with 440 ... | 1999 | 10216762 |
| confirmation that pcr can be used to identify nad-dependent and nad-independent haemophilus paragallinarum isolates. | seventy five bacteria tentatively identified as haemophilus paragallinarum (the causative agent of infectious coryza), eight identified as ornithobacterium rhinotracheale and 13 identified as nad-independent pasteurella species were isolated from chickens with respiratory infection in various provinces in south africa. the isolates were characterized by conventional biochemical and serological methods. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay specific for h. paragallinarum was used to identify th ... | 1999 | 10396764 |
| infectious coryza: overview of the disease and new diagnostic options. | infectious coryza is a well-recognized and commonly encountered upper respiratory tract disease of chickens that is caused by the bacterium haemophilus paragallinarum. the occurrence of recent outbreaks in north america has emphasized that the disease can be significant in meat chickens as well as layer chickens. in developing countries, coryza is commonly complicated by the presence of a range of other infections, resulting in severe disease and significant economic losses. unusual forms of the ... | 1999 | 10515906 |
| relation between antigen release and immune response of oil adjuvanted vaccines in chickens. | the relationship between release properties of the model antigen, bovine serum albumin (bsa), from formulations in vitro and immune response after administration of various oil adjuvanted vaccines containing liquid paraffin was examined in chickens. the vaccine prepared at an hydrophile-lipophile-balance (hlb) number of 4.8 showed slower release of bsa and higher immune response on injected chickens than that with an hlb number of 6.0. decreases of aqueous volume ratio in the formulation also le ... | 2000 | 10907681 |
| production and evaluation of a panel of monoclonal antibodies against haemophilus paragallinarum. | we report on the production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against haemophilus paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza. a bank of 8 mabs were produced by traditional techniques - four against the reference strain for page serovar a (0083) and four against the reference strain for page serovar c (modesto). seven of the eight mabs were shown to be igg(1) with one being nontypable. none of the mabs had hi activity and none gave any detectable reaction when exa ... | 2000 | 10925045 |
| efficacy of a commercially available coryza vaccine against challenge with recent south african nad-independent isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum in chickens. | in south africa the incidence of nad-independent haemnophilus paragallinarum isolation from clinical cases is increasing. this study was carried out to test whether a commercially available coryza vaccine (nobilis coryza, intervet international bv) could protect chickens against challenge with recent nad-independent isolates. spf chickens were vaccinated twice at 3 and 7 weeks of age and were challenged at 9 weeks of age with 5 different nad-independent isolates of serotype a or c-3. the results ... | 2000 | 11030362 |
| characterisation of isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum from indonesia. | to characterise 18 isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum isolated from chickens in indonesia. | 2000 | 11194721 |
| relationship between antigen release and antibody response of infectious coryza water-in-oil-in-water emulsion vaccines. | the relationship between the antigen release from formulations in vitro and the antibody response after administration of water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion vaccines containing haemophilus paragallinarum (hpg) was studied in chickens. increases of sorbitan sesquioleate volume in the formulation led to slower antigen release and tended to induce higher hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibody titers. in addition, the vaccines prepared with internal aqueous phase:oil phase:external aqueous ph ... | 2000 | 11195641 |
| gallinacin-3, an inducible epithelial beta-defensin in the chicken. | gallinacin-3 and gallopavin-1 (gpv-1) are newly characterized, epithelial beta-defensins of the chicken (gallus gallus) and turkey (meleagris gallopavo), respectively. in normal chickens, the expression of gallinacin-3 was especially prominent in the tongue, bursa of fabricius, and trachea. it also occurred in other organs, including the skin, esophagus, air sacs, large intestine, and kidney. tracheal expression of gallinacin-3 increased significantly after experimental infection of chickens wit ... | 2001 | 11254635 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies to a tumor--associated antigen by spontaneous cell fusion. | spontaneous cell fusion induced by the bacterium haemophilus paragallinarum has been recently reported as an alternative technique to generate hybridomas producing monoclonal antibody (mab). in order to investigate the advantages of this technique to produce anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies we performed comparative experiments between h. paragallinarum induced spontaneous cell fusion and polyethylene glycol (peg) mediated fusion. hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to an experimental muri ... | 2000 | 11261231 |
| serotyping of haemophilus paragallinarum isolates from mexico by the kume hemagglutinin scheme. | a total of 42 isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum from mexico were serotyped by the kume hemagglutinin scheme. serovars a-1, a-2, b-1, and c-2 were recognized among 11 (26.2%), 7 (16.6%), 4 (9.5%), and 14 (33.3%) isolates, respectively. a further six isolates (14.3%) showed hemagglutinating activity but could not be classified into any serovar. commercial vaccines containing kume serovars a-1, a-2, b-1, and c-2 may provide better protection than those bi- or trivalent infectious coryza vaccin ... | 2001 | 11569743 |
| targetted localisation and imaging of a murine lymphoma using 131i-labelled monoclonal antibody. | in vivo tumor targetting with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies is a promising approach for the diagnosis and therapy of tumors. a specific monoclonal antibody (mab), dlab was generated to the dalton's lymphoma associated antigen (dlaa) from haemophilus paragallinarum-induced spontaneous fusion. in order to study the tumor localisation and biodistribution properties of the monoclonal antibody, scintigraphic studies were performed using the radiolabelled dlab. 131-labelled dlab was administered ... | 2001 | 11883523 |
| molecular analysis of a haemagglutinin of haemophilus paragallinarum. | the gene encoding a haemagglutinin of h. paragallinarum, haga, has been identified and the full-length nucleotide sequence determined. a approximately 39 kda protein, recognized by an anti-haemagglutinin monoclonal antibody, mab4d, was purified from h. paragallinarum strain 0083 and the n-terminal sequence obtained. the full-length nucleotide sequence was obtained by inverse pcr and the deduced amino acid sequence of the protein encoded was shown to be similar to other outer-membrane proteins of ... | 2002 | 12101304 |
| isolation of serovar c-3 haemophilus paragallinarum from zimbabwe: a further indication of the need for the production of vaccines against infectious coryza containing local isolates of h. paragallinarum. | various isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum, collected from a severe outbreak of infectious coryza in poultry from zimbabwe, were serotyped and were found to belong to serovar c-3. previously, isolates were serotyped using polyclonal antiserum produced against serogroup reference strains (0083 for serogroup a, 0222 for serogroup b and modesto, or h-18 for serogroup c) of h. paragallinarum. in this case, polyclonal antiserum produced against these reference isolates were used, as well as polyc ... | 2002 | 12233998 |
| virulence of south african isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. part 1: nad-dependent field isolates. | the virulence of four south african field isolates of nad-dependent haemophilus paragallinarum, representing the four serovars known to occur in that country, was investigated. during this study an alternative challenge model for infectious coryza was used, in which the infectivity as well the virulence of different isolates could be evaluated. the challenge model consisted of the direct challenge, via intrasinus injection of one chicken in a row of interconnected layer cages, containing 10 chic ... | 2002 | 12234003 |
| virulence of south african isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. part 2: naturally occurring nad-independent field isolates. | naturally occurring nad-independent variants of haemophilus paragallinarum, which have been isolates from poultry showing clinical signs of infectious coryza, were used to determine their virulence using a newly developed challenge model for infectious coryza. it was established that the nad-independent isolates belonging to a particular serogroup, were less virulent when compared to the virulence of the nad-dependent isolates from the same serogroup. it was shown that the virulence of the nad-i ... | 2002 | 12234004 |
| identification and characterization of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale isolates from mexico. | ten gram-negative, pleomorphic, rod-shaped isolates from coryza-like, respiratory diseased laying and broiler chickens were identified as ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. all o. rhinotracheale isolates showed typical biochemical and enzymatic characteristics. also, all isolates showed hemagglutinating activity with glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes. on the basis of this property, a rabbit-raised antiserum was produced for an isolate. all isolates were identified by antiserum by hemagglutination- ... | 2002 | 12243533 |
| virulence of south african isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum. part 3: experimentally produced nad-independent isolate. | a nad-dependent isolate 46 (c-3) of haemophilus paragallinarum, which was previously demonstrated to be of high virulence, was transformed to nad independence using a plasmid isolated from a naturally occurring nad-independent isolate of h. paragallinarum. the transformation was performed by two different methods and the identity of all of the isolates, before and after transformation was confirmed using a h. paragallinarum-specific pcr test. the transformed nad-independent serovar c-3 isolate a ... | 2002 | 12356164 |
| occurrence of conjunctivitis, sinusitis and upper region tracheitis in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), possibly caused by mycoplasma gallisepticum accompanied by cryptosporidium sp. infection. | on a farm raising approximately 75,000 japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) for egg production, the diseased quail showed clinical signs of swelling of the head, nasal discharge, increased lacrimation, and decreased egg production. the flock experienced a mortality rate of 5.7% per day. macroscopic observation revealed large, gelatinous masses of caseous exudate in the sinuses, egg peritonitis, and airsacculitis. microscopically, non-purulent or purulent inflammation accompanied by lympho ... | 2002 | 12396337 |
| efficacy of a new tetravalent coryza vaccine against emerging variant type b strains. | outbreaks of infectious coryza have been reported in vaccinated flocks in different countries, indicating that new serotype(s) of haemophilus paragallinarum may have evolved. several field isolates from vaccinated flocks in the us, ecuador, argentina and zimbabwe were examined and, apart from one serotype c strain, all were typed as serotype b. an inactivated commercial trivalent vaccine, containing serotypes a, b and c, protected against challenge with the serotype c isolate but protection agai ... | 2003 | 12850915 |
| genetic analysis of a plasmid encoding haemocin production in haemophilus paragallinarum. | the full sequence of plasmid p250, isolated from haemophilus paragallinarum strain hp250, has been obtained. the plasmid contains seven orfs: a putative integrase, a putative replication protein (repb) and five orfs similar to those from the haemocin (bacteriocin) hmcdcbai operon from haemophilus influenzae. of 19 other non-plasmid-containing h. paragallinarum strains screened (11 serovar reference strains and 8 field isolates), 17 strains produced haemocin and were resistant to killing by strai ... | 2003 | 14600229 |
| antigenic secreted proteins from haemophilus paragallinarum. a 110-kda putative rtx protein. | haemophilus paragallinarum is the causal agent of infectious coryza, an economically important disease for the poultry industry. this bacterium secreted proteins of 25-110 kda during its growth in brain heart infusion, tryptic soy broth, or luria-bertani glucose phosphate media, all lacking serum. some of these proteins were recognized by sera from chickens experimentally infected with h. paragallinarum. a 110-kda protein was recognized by a serum pool from convalescent-phase pigs naturally infe ... | 2004 | 15019738 |
| infectious coryza due to haemophilus paragallinarum serovar b in china. | 2003 | 15084021 | |
| limitation of the spread and impact of infectious coryza through the use of a continuous disinfection programme. | the effect of a continuous disinfection programme, using the non-toxic disinfectant virukill, in layers, on the spread and impact of infectious coryza, caused by haemophilus paragallinarum was evaluated. in this experiment, both unvaccinated layers and layers vaccinated against infectious coryza were used. duplicate smaller groups of vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens were challenged with different serovars of both nad-dependent as well as nad-independent isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum ... | 2004 | 15185569 |
| evidence of possible evasion of protective immunity by nad-independent isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum in poultry. | an indication of the ability of nad-independent variants of haemophilus paragallinarum to evade the immune system has been obtained from data obtained from several experiments. firstly, it was noted that there was a difference in the serovar distribution between the nad-dependent isolates in the 1990s and the nad-independent isolates, as there was a significant decrease in the incidence of serogroup a nad-dependent isolates. this can possibly be attributed to the extensive use of vaccines. on th ... | 2004 | 15185575 |
| the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-independent haemophilus paragallinarum in méxico. | two isolates of haemophilus paragallinarum were obtained from a layer chicken in mexico. the isolates were confirmed as h. paragallinarum by polymerase chain reaction and conventional biochemical identification. the isolates were nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) independent-growing on blood agar without the need of a nurse colony as well as on a complex medium that lacked both nad and chicken serum. both isolates were pathogenic, causing the typical clinical signs of infectious coryza in ... | 2004 | 15283432 |
| the testing and modification of a commercially available transport medium for the transportation of pure cultures of haemophilus paragallinarum for serotyping. | haemophilus paragallinarum, the causative agent of infectious coryza in poultry, is an extremely fastidious organism requiring specific growth conditions for isolation. for complete control of the disease in regions where more that one of the serovars of the different serogroups occurs, it is essential that the bacterium causing the problem be isolated and serotyped. this work describes the modification and testing of transport media, which will ensure the survival of the causative agents in sus ... | 2004 | 15373330 |
| genetic organisation of the capsule transport gene region from haemophilus paragallinarum. | the region involved in export of the capsule polysaccharides to the cell surface of haemophilus paragallinarum was cloned and the genetic organisation determined. degenerate primers designed from sequence alignment of the capsule transport genes of haemophilus influenzae, pasteurella multocida and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were used to amplify a 2.6 kb fragment containing a segment of the h. paragallinarum capsule transport gene locus. this fragment was used as a digoxigenin labelled probe ... | 2004 | 15373336 |
| co-infection of staphylococcus aureus or haemophilus paragallinarum exacerbates h9n2 influenza a virus infection in chickens. | h9n2 influenza viruses are frequently isolated from chicken meat and bone marrow imported from china to japan since 2001. these isolates were experimentally inoculated into specific pathogen-free chickens intranasally. viruses were recovered from the meat and bone marrow of birds showing no overt signs. on the other hand, chickens co-infected with h9n2 virus and either staphylococcus aureus or haemophilus paragallinarum showed clinical signs severer than those shown by birds infected only with t ... | 2004 | 15503199 |
| cross-protection study of the nine serovars of haemophilus paragallinarum in the kume haemagglutinin scheme. | the cross-protection and haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies present in chickens vaccinated with one of the nine currently recognized kume haemagglutinin serovars of haemophilus paragallinarum were investigated. the results confirmed the widely accepted dogma that serogroups a, b, and c represent three distinct immunovars. within kume serogroup a, there was generally good cross-protection among all four serovars. however, within kume serogroup c, there was evidence of a reduced level of cros ... | 2004 | 15545030 |