Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| bacteriocin typing of serratia marcescens. a simplified system. | the authors describe a simplified system for the detection of bacteriocin production by serratia marcescens with the use of six indicator strains, which include escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter diversus, enterobacter aerogenes (two strains), and serratia rubidaea grown on arabinose minimal medium plates. of the 64 possible bacteriocin types, 11 were observed; 66% of the isolates tested were found to be one of three types. occasionally more than one bacteriocin type was observ ... | 1979 | 371382 |
| sensitivity, precision, and accuracy of the y1 adrenal cell enterotoxin assay. | the y1 adrenal cell assay for heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) was found to be relatively insensitive for filtrates of toxigenic escherichia coli h10407. when observations were made blindly and subjected to rigorous controls, reliable detection of lt occured only at filtrate dilutions from 1:4 to 1:10. detection of lt was unreliable when e. coli h10407 was mixed with another enteric organism. overall, 7.1% of observers' reports from a single assay were imprecise, and 2.6% would have resulted in erro ... | 1979 | 372224 |
| association of tellurium resistance and bacteriophage inhibition conferred by r plasmids. | concomitant resistance to tellurium compounds (ter) and inhibition of coli-phage development (phi) are properties mediated by many h2 incompatibility group r plasmids which have been isolated from diverse bacterial and geographic sources. ter plasmids from tellurium-resistant bacteria that were isolated from sewage and industrial wastes also mediated phage inhibition. of these ter plasmids, three from citrobacter freundii belonged to the h incompatibility group, whereas three from klebsiella pne ... | 1979 | 374351 |
| studies on the influence of competitive enterobacteriaceae flora on salmonella isolation. | 1979 | 377858 | |
| characterization of motile and acetoin-negative klebsiella pneumoniae strains by dna: dna by hybridization. | hybridization studies were carried out to determine the extent of divergence between different members of the enterobacteriaceae and group d, previously described by numerical analysis of phenotypic characters, and comprising strains isolated from surface waters. this group, apparently belonging in or related to the genus citrobacter on the basis of the imvic tests differs from this taxon by numerical analysis and dna base composition. our work reveals a dna relatedness of 81-89% between the cen ... | 1978 | 378119 |
| fermentation of 1,2-propanediol with 1,2-ethanediol by some genera of enterobacteriaceae, involving coenzyme b12-dependent diol dehydratase. | klebsiella pneumoniae (aerobacter aerogenes) atcc 8724 was able to grow anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol and 1,2-ethanediol as carbon and energy sources. whole cells of the bacterium grown anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol or on glycerol catalyzed conversion of 1,2-diols and aldehydes to the corresponding acids and alcohols. glucose-grown cells also converted aldehydes, but not 1,2-diols, to acids and alcohols. the presence of activities of coenzyme b(12)-dependent diol dehydratase, alcohol dehyd ... | 1979 | 378959 |
| coliform mastitis--a review. | 1979 | 379056 | |
| [report on citrobacter strains having antigenic relationship with "e. coli", and their characteristics (author's transl)]. | during a research done on the diffusion of enteropathogenic e. coli in a children's community, 24 strains of citrobacter have been isolated. by agglutination and agar-gel diffusion techniques, they looked to have some somatic antigens in common with those serogroups of enteropathogenic e. coli. the results were as follows: 14 strains were correlated with the serogroup o111; 9 strains with the serogroup o125 and 1 strain with the serogroup o55. the isolation of these strains has been made at the ... | 1978 | 380480 |
| purification and molecular properties of a new colicin. | the process of isolation and purification of a new colicin isolated from a citrobacter strain is described. escherichia coli sensitive cells are protected by vitamin b12 from the action of this bacteriocin; this suggests that it belongs to the e group of colicins. therefore, we have called it colicin e4. it has a molecular weight of 56 000 and two molecular forms of isoelectric points 9.4 and 8.2 are separated in electrofocusing on polyacrylamide gels. it has a sedimentation coefficient of 3.4 s ... | 1979 | 380984 |
| gentamicin resistance in christchurch hospitals. | prior to june 1976, the isolation of gentamicin resistant organisms was an infrequent occurrence in north canterbury hospital board institutions. during july 1976, 20 different gentamicin resistant organisms were isolated from patients in christchurch hospital. gentamicin resistant organisms hav e been continually isolated from an increasingly wide area since then. the organisms involved are: providence species; pseudomonas aeruginosa; klebsiella species; e coli; staphyloccus aureus; proteus mir ... | 1979 | 381994 |
| resolution of the coenzyme b-12-dependent dehydratases of klebsiella sp. and citrobacter freundii. | diol dehydratase (1,2-propanediol hydro-lyase, ec 4.2.1.28) and glycerol dehydratase (glycerol hydro-lyase, ec 4.2.1.30) are shown to be distinct, separable enzymes that occur individually or together in different strains of klebsiella sp. anaerobic growth with propan-1,2-diol induces diol dehydratase alone, whereas glycerol fermentation induces both enzymes in k. pneumoniae atcc 25955 and in citrobacter freundii ncib 3735. the dehydratases can be resolved by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis o ... | 1979 | 383154 |
| [experience with sisomicin in pediatrics (author's transl)]. | sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is especially effective against escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia, indole-positive and indole-negative proteus species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella and staphylococcus aureus. it has a bactericidal action. although sisomicin is similar to the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, there is not complete cross-resistance to them. our own pharmacokinetic investigations showed that a dose of 2--3 mg/kg body weight of sisomicin ... | 1979 | 383623 |
| the detection of nasal carriers of salmonella and other enterobacteria amongst young farm animals. | an investigation was conducted to detect the presence of salmonella nasal carriers amongst young farm animals (cow-calves, buffalo-calves, lambs, kids, piglets and foals) on farms having a previous history of salmonellosis. salmonella could be isolated from nasal swabs of 1.2% of the cow-calves and 2.9% of the piglets studied but not from other young animals. isolated strains included s. typhimurium and s. weltevreden from cow-calves and piglets, respectively. other members of family enterobacri ... | 1979 | 384721 |
| comparison of ec broth and medium a-1 for the recovery of escherichia coli from frozen shucked snow crab. | two variations of the multiple-tube fermentation technique were used to enumerate fecal coliforms in commercially processed, frozen crab meat. these were the ec confirmation test and a more rapid method that requires medium a-1. the method with medium a-1 was more specific than the ec confirmation test for detecting escherichia coli type 1. e. coli was isolated from 84% of the positive medium a-1 tubes, whereas it was isolated from only 64% of the positive tubes of ec broth. when samples of crab ... | 1979 | 384899 |
| [antibacterial activity of cefotaxim in comparison with seven cephalosporins]. | the antibacterial activity of cefotaxim and seven cephalosporins was determined in 1,112 fresh isolates using the microdilution technique. all of the cephalosporins tested were ineffective against enterococci. cefalotin was the most effective agent against staphylococcus aureus. cefaclor was superior to cephalexin against escherichia coli and proteus mirabilis, and thus inhibited 20% more enterobacteriaceae. cefazolin was as effective as cefamandole against e. coli. cefuroxime and cefoxitin were ... | 1979 | 389804 |
| in vitro investigations with fosfomycin on mueller-hinton agar with and without glucose-6-phosphate. | determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of fosfomycin in the agar dilution test on mueller-hinton agar showed that the addition of glucose-6-phosphate to the nutrient medium potentiates the action of fosfomycin against escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter and staphylococcus aureus, sometimes by as much as 256-fold. such a potentiation of action was not detectable with serratia marcescens, the individual proteus species, pseudomonas aeruginosa or enterococci. fosf ... | 1979 | 389806 |
| clinical evaluation of the micro-id, api 20e, and conventional media systems for identification of enterobacteriacea. | micro-id (general diagnostics, morris plains, n.j.) is a new kit system designed for the identification of enterobacteriaceae in 4 h. it consists of 15 biochemical tests of paper disks. each test is in its own compartment in a molded plastic tray. only one reagent need be added to the system (2 drops of 20% koh, which is added to the voges-proskauer test). based on the pattern of positive and negative biochemical test results, a five-digit octal code number is calculated. an identification is de ... | 1979 | 389946 |
| [investigations on combined injuries, 26th communication: investigations on the changes in the state of resistance following sublethal whole-body irradiation (author's transl)]. | the risk of a bacterial invasion by pseudomonas, e. coli, proteus, citrobacter and gaffkya via an open skin wound was investigated in combined injured mice (infliction of a skin wound and irradiations). suspensions of different bacterial strains were applied on the wound and then the lethality was determined. besides of apathogenic (citrobacter, proteus, gaffkya) and high pathogenic bacteria (e. coli and pseudomonas) an e. coli strain of the 0-group 81 was found that seems to induce a decrease o ... | 1979 | 390775 |
| [criteria for the determination of fecal enterobacteria]. | 1979 | 391651 | |
| comparison of m-endo les, macconkey, and teepol media for membrane filtration counting of total coliform bacteria in water. | total coliform counts obtained by means of standard membrane filtration techniques, using macconkey agar, m-endo les agar, teepol agar, and pads saturated with teepol broth as growth media, were compared. various combinations of these media were used in tests on 490 samples of river water and city wastewater after different stages of conventional purification and reclamation processes including lime treatment, and filtration, active carbon treatment, ozonation, and chlorination. endo agar yielde ... | 1979 | 394678 |
| [coliforms in water: definition and discussion of analytical methods]. | 1979 | 395908 | |
| bacteriological mycological and parasitological study in childhood diarrhoeas in bikaner (western rajasthan). | 1979 | 396251 | |
| [bacteriological in vitro investigations with cefaclor. correlation of inhibition zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (author's transl)]. | a comparison of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of cefaclor and cephalexin shows that cefaclor is noticeably superior against citrobacter. enterobacter and proteus mirabilis. only slight differences are seen against other enterobacteria and staphylococcus aureus. both cefaclor and cephalexin are completely ineffective against enterococci and pseudomonas aeruginosa. regression analysis to correlate the inhibition zone diameter and mic of cefaclor produced a very good correlation (r = ... | 1979 | 399245 |
| l-asparagainases from citrobacter freundii. | three enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of l-asparagine have been identified in extracts of citrobacter freundii. one of these (asparaginase-glutaminase (ec 3.5.1.1) also shows substantial glutaminase activity. this enzyme is extremely labile, is sensitive to inactivation by p-chloromercuribenzoate, and is not protected by dithiothreitol. a second enzyme (asparaginase b) is also sensitive to mercurials but is protected from inactivation by dithiothreitol. this enzyme has a relatively low aff ... | 1977 | 401650 |
| in vitro activity of netilmicin, gentamicin, and amikacin. | the in vitro activity of netilmicin (sch 20569), a new semisynthetic derivative of gentamicin, was compared with that of gentamicin and amikacin. one hundred and ninety-two clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus were tested using both agar and broth dilution techniques. netilmicin was comparable to gentamicin, with the following exceptions: (i) for serratia marcescens and p. aeruginosa, gentamicin was more active than netilmicin; (ii) all strai ... | 1977 | 402104 |
| [characterization of the esterases of citrobacter and comparison with the esterases of levinea]. | 1977 | 404090 | |
| [preliminary tests of the influence of wastewaters from sugar-factories upon the numbers of intestinal bacteria in water (author's transl)]. | this work presents the results of experiments dealing with the influence of wastewaters from 2 sugar factories in the czechoslovakia upon some representatives of intestinal bacteria: e. coli, c. feundii, e. aerogenes, s. anatum, s. schottmuelleri, s. typhi-murium, sh. sonnei and str. faecalis. the experiments were carried out at 30, 20 and 10 degrees c. the experiments have shown that the presterilized waste-water from sugar factory (in bohemia and in slovakia) caused rapid multiplication of the ... | 1977 | 407746 |
| techniques for the assessment of growth of micro-organisms on plumbing materials used in contact with potable water supplies. | 1977 | 409706 | |
| rapid enumeration of fecal coliforms in water by a colorimetric beta-galactosidase assay. | the colorimetric beta-galactosidase assay is based upon the enzymatic hydrolysis of the substrate o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside (onpg) by fecal coliforms. this technique provides an estimate of the fecal coliform concentration within 8 to 20 h. a 100-ml portion of test sample was passed through a 0.45 micrometer membrane filter. this filter was then incubated at 37 degrees c for 1 h in ec medium followed by the addition of filter-sterilized onpg. the incubation was continued at 44.5 degrees c ... | 1978 | 414659 |
| comparative immunological studies on arylsulfatase in bacteria of the family enterobacteriaceae: occurrence of latent arylsulfatase protein regulated by sulfur compounds and tyramine. | the arylsulfatases of 21 strains of the family enterobacteriaceae were compared by measuring their enzymatic activities and immunological reactivities. enzyme formation under repressing, nonrepressing, and derepressing conditions was tested. antiserum prepared against pure arylsulfatase from klebsiella aerobgenes w70 was tested against the enzyme extracts from the strains using double diffusion, quantitative precipitation, and immunoelectrophoresis. no close relationship was found between arylsu ... | 1978 | 415041 |
| cefatrizine activity compared with that of other cephalosporins. | cefatrizine, a new orally administered cephalosporin, was tested against 400 clinical isolates. cefatrizine had excellent activity against gram-positive cocci, inhibiting all except enterococci at minimal inhibitory concentrations below 1 mug/ml. cefatrizine inhibited the majority of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and salmonella at concentrations below 12.5 mug/ml. although cefatrizine was not hydrolyzed by many beta-lactamases, it did not inhibit a number of strains ... | 1979 | 426514 |
| [characteristics of the antibiotic sensitivity of nitrofuran--resistant gram-negative bacteria of clinical origin]. | 494 persons with various purulent inflammatory diseases were examined. gram-negative nitrofuran resistant organisms isolated from the clinical material were found in 22.9 per cent of the cases. representatives of enterobacteriaceae, klebsiella-enterobacter-serratia (26.8 per cent), proteus-providencia (16.8 per cent) and e. coli-arizona-citrobacter (16.1 per cent) predominated. pseudomonas (32.1 per cent) and acinetobacter (5.3 per cent) predominated among the aerobic gram-negative bacteria. sen ... | 1979 | 434799 |
| participation of quinone and cytochrome b in tetrathionate reductase respiratory chain of citrobacter freundii. | formate dehydrogenase, nadh dehydrogenase, a quinone and a b-type cytochrome characterized by maxima at 429 and 560 nm are shown to participate in the tetrathionate redox chain of citrobacter. | 1979 | 435281 |
| [sensitivity to antibiotics and antibacterial preparations of conditionally pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions]. | sensitivity of 690 cultures of the conditionally pathogenic microbes of enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae to 17 drugs was studied with the agar diffusion method. it was found that 98.6 per cent of the cultures had multiple resistance to 2--10 drugs. most of the cultures were resistant to erythromycin, carbenicillin and ampicillin. different species of the conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were resistant to different numbers of the drugs. thus, ps. aeruginosa cultures were resistant t ... | 1979 | 443788 |
| enterobacteriaceae infections in man and animals and detection of their natural reservoirs in india. | the study presents a summary of the results regarding the presence of enterobacteriaceae in domestic animals and birds, endeavouring to explain the origin of the infections. wild reptiles, amphibians, mammalia, rodents and birds were examined into the demonstration of enterobacteriaceae, whereby particular attention was paid to the following species: arizona, edwardsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, yersinia and erwinia. | 1979 | 452773 |
| sensitivity of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteriaceae to cefamandole and cefoxitin. | a collection of gentamicin-resistant enterobacteriaceae strains was significantly more resistant to cefamandole than a species-matched collection of gentamicin-sensitive organisms. cefamandole and gentamicin resistance could be simultaneously transferred by conjugation from four different species, citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and serratia marcescens, to a recipient e. coli strain. plasmids specifying linked resistance to cefamandole and gentamicin are thus common ... | 1979 | 456076 |
| excretion of glutamic acid in citrobacter intermedius c3 associated with plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid. | several mutants of citrobacter intermedius c3 lacking both the ability to synthesize proline and the ability to excrete glutamic acid were isolated by treatment with nitrosoguanidine. no revertants for either characteristic were obtained from these mutants. the ability to excrete glutamic acid was transferred to those mutants with very high frequencies in mating experience by using auxotropic excreting strains as donors. moreover, the ability to synthesize proline was transferred together with t ... | 1979 | 457593 |
| a natural outbreak of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia in a/j mice. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia was diagnosed in 6-month-old a/j mice kept under standard laboratory conditions. bacterial cultures revealed the presence of citrobacter freundii (4280). clinical signs included rough coats, feces adhering to the anus, slight dehydration and rectal prolapses. a nonclotting sanquinous intestinal fluid and gross colonic thickening were frequently seen at necropsy. morbidity was approximately 50%; mortality approximately 25%. tetracycline appeared to be effe ... | 1979 | 459415 |
| faecal pollution of surface waters in jakarta. | profuse numbers of enterobacteriaceae were found in samples of surface waters from the ciliwung river and adjoining canals which criss-cross metropolitan jakarta and are used widely for domestic purposes by the poorer sections of its population. 15 of the 20 specimens gres e. coli, klebsiella were isolated from seven and citrobacter from four. using enrichment culture procedures, salmonella sp. were grown from 10 (48%) of 21 water samples examined, and 12 (63%) of aquatic sediments collected at ... | 1979 | 473327 |
| [study of a new group of enterobacteriacea (group h1) related to enterobacter cloacae strain]. | a dna-dna hybridization study was carried out on a new group of enterobacteria (group h1) previously studied by numerical taxonomy work on the genus enterobacter. this group showed a very high genetic homogeneity since the average relative binding ratio of nine analysed strains is equal to 91%. the taxonomic position of this group into the family of enterobacteria is discussed with the species e. cloacae (37 to 61%), k. pneumoniae (44 to 60%), k. oxytoca (57-58%), l. malonatica (syn. citrobacter ... | 1979 | 476548 |
| [identification and antibiotic-resistance of microbial strains isolated from urinary infections (author's transl)]. | during the year 1977, 1491 urine samples were taken from patients living in the "alta valle del tevere" (umbria, italy). the isolated microorganisms were examined and tested against 15 antibiotics. 535 samples (35.88%) were free from bacteria. among the 1095 isolates, 52.42% were gram-negative, 46.85% gram-positive, and only 0.73% fungi. the genera citrobacter, escherichia, proteus, pseudomonas, enterobacter, klebsiella, staphylococcus and enterococcus were identified. a high proportion of strai ... | 1979 | 485594 |
| neonatal meningitis due to citrobacter koseri. | a five day old neonate was diagnosed as having bacterial meningitis and commenced on ampicillin and flucloxacillin. the organism was then found to be citrobacter koseri and the antibiotics changed to chloramphenicol systemically for two weeks. the child made an uneventful recovery. at four weeks of age her head circumference had increased unacceptably and a computerised axial tomography scan revealed a large frontal lobe abscess. aspiration revealed a large pus filled cavity and citrobacter kose ... | 1979 | 501512 |
| [experience with cefuroxime in pediatric field (author's transl)]. | having resistance to beta-lactamase-producing strains and showing resistance to not only cephalosporin resistant strains of e. coli and klebsiella but also to citrobacter, proteus and enterobacter, cefuroxime (cxm) was used in pediatric field for both fundamental and clinical studies. cxm was found to be a useful antibiotic in views of high clinical efficacy rate obtained and no side effect noted. as for the dose, the single dose of 25 mg/kg achieved sufficient blood levels. also in view of good ... | 1979 | 513298 |
| citrobacter freundii meningitis in an adult. | we have described the first case of an adult patient with citrobacter freundii meningitis, which was successfully treated without administration of intrathecal aminoglycoside. | 1979 | 515772 |
| alafosfalin, a new inhibitor of cell wall biosynthesis: in vitro activity against urinary isolates in japan and potentiation with beta-lactams. | a new phosphonopeptide, alafosfalin, was evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity and for synergism with beta-lactams, using 475 japanese clinical isolates from urinary tract infections. alafosfalin was found to be highly active against escherichia coli and moderately active against serratia, klebsiella, enterobacter, and citrobacter, but less active against gram-positive organisms than were beta-lactams such as cephazolin or ampicillin and inactive against indole-positive proteus, pseudomo ... | 1979 | 518073 |
| [changes in the bacterial flora of patients under antineoplastic treatment]. | the bacterial flora of the skin from different anatomical sites on cancer patients and a control group of medical personnel was examined. this was done to ascertain if antineoplastic therapy was able to change the pattern of microbial flora of patients and to provide a control for possible infectious complications. the results show that in the control group bacterial flora was normal and the antineoplastic treatment did not succeed in changing the bacterial pattern in the skin of patients deeply ... | 1979 | 518758 |
| the ultrastructure of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia was examined ultrastructurally by sequential sampling after inoculation with the etiologic agent, citobacter freundii. light-microscopic changes in the descending colon of inoculated mice were correlated with scanning and transmission electron-microsopic findings. bacteria were attached to the surface of the mucosa between 4 and 10 days after inoculation. hyperplasia was most severe at 16 days and thereafter underwent regression. regression was preceded b ... | 1979 | 525674 |
| ceftizoxime (fk 749), a new parenteral cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. | fk 749 is a new parenteral cephalosporin derivative which is more active against various gram-negative bacilli, including the opportunistic pathogens such as enterobacter, citrobacter species, and serratia marcescens, than cephalosporins and cephamycins such as cefotiam, cefamandole, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, and cefmetazole. fk 749 was especially active against gram-negative organisms resistant to these related antibiotics. fk 749 was more potent in bactericidal activity than the other antibiotic ... | 1979 | 525994 |
| silver-resistant enterobacteriaceae from hospital patients. | the inclusion of agar medium containing 0.5 mm agno3 in the hospital laboratory replicating system for routine antibiotic-susceptibility determinations resulted in identification of species of enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and citrobacter freundii) with silver resistance. since the study began in october, 1975, 11 in-hospital patients receiving silver sulfadiazine for burn wound prophylaxis have yielded silver-resistant bact ... | 1979 | 526888 |
| [diagnostic value of the acid production from galacturonate to differentiate strains of "salmonella" sub-genus i and monophasic sub-genus iii from the other "salmonella" strains belonging to sub-genera ii, diphasic iii, iv, "citrobacter" and "hafnia alvei" (author's transl)]. | two methods were compared: (1) the ability to use sodium glacturonate as source of carbon and energy in defined medium; (2) the ability to produce acid by fermentation of this substrate in peptone water with phenol red. results of growth on, acid formation from, galacturonate are identical. salmonella strains of sub-genus i and monophasic serotypes of sub-genus iii do not use galacturonate. salmonella of sub-genera ii and iv as well as diphasic serotypes of sub-genus iii use galacturonate. glact ... | 1979 | 533071 |
| in vitro activity of ly127935, a new 1-oxa cephalosporin, against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. | a total of 434 clinical aerobic gram-negative bacillary isolates were tested against ly127935, a new 1-oxa cephalosporin, and compared with other cephalosporins, penicillins, and aminoglycosides by a broth microdilution technique. cefotaxime (hr756), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, and ly127935 were more active, and showed lower minimum inhibitory concentrations (ranges, less than or equal to 0.12 to 2.0 micrograms/ml), than cefamandole, cefoxitin, and cefazolin against escherichia coli, kleb ... | 1979 | 533267 |
| [synthesis of tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine by bacteria citrobacter freundii]. | among facultative-anaerobic bacteria utilizing formic acid, a large number of strains having tyrosine phenol lyase were found. the enzyme can catalyze synthesis of tyrosine and 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl alanine (dopa) from pyruvate, ammonium and, accordingly, phenol and pyrocatechol. these strains were identified as citrobacter freundii. cell suspensions of the most active strains synthesized up to 75 g/l tyrosine for 12 hr, up to 86 g/l tyrosine for 24 hr, and up to 29 g/l dopa for 42 hr. a medium c ... | 1979 | 538011 |
| regulation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase synthesis in citrobacter freundii by traces of oxygen in commercial nitrogen gas and by glutamate. | glutamate induced the synthesis of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase 50-fold during anaerobic growth of citrobacter freundii and, in the absence of glutamate, this enzyme was even more active in cultures sparged with n2/co2(95:5, v/v). enzyme synthesis was partially repressed when the inlet gas was passed through heated copper but totally repressed when the inlet gas was passed through alkaline pyrogallol and reduced benzyl viologen (a treatment which would remove co2 as well as o2). fumarate hydrata ... | 1979 | 541660 |
| the effect of 2-oxoglutarate and biotin in the release of amino acids by citrobacter intermedius c3. | excretion of amino acids by citrobacter intermedius c3 was assayed in a mineral medium with glucose as carbon source. glutamic acid is the main amino acid excreted in liquid medium and it is also detected at the colonial level in solid medium. mutants with different behaviour with respect to the excretion of amino acids are studied. the presence of 2-oxoglutarate in the medium induced excretion in all strains. on the other hand when biotin was added to the culture media amino acid excretion was ... | 1979 | 542710 |
| [microfloral study of bull seminal fluid stored at low temperatures]. | hundred twenty three samples of bull semen fluid frozen at 196 degrees c including 83 plastic ampules, 20 granules and 20 plastic straws obtained from the containers of the insemination stations of 10 farms from the sofia district were investigated. two hundred twelve strains were isolated and identified as: escherichia coli--25 strains, hafnia--16 strains, citrobacter, enterobacter and proteus mirabilis--9 strains of each. the remaining gram-negative genera and species were more rarely encounte ... | 1979 | 545852 |
| [bacteriology of urinary infections in paraplegics (author's transl)]. | the aa. report the results of 300 urine cultures carried out on paraplegics hospitalized in the centro paraplegici of ostia since 1970 to the end of 1977. all the patients were catheterized. they found infections in the 73 to 92% of the examined cases in the different years. the most frequently isolated bacterial species in the years 1970, 1971, and 1972 were escherichia, staphylococcus and enterococcus, whereas were proteus, citrobacter, klebsiella and psuedomonas in the following years. they b ... | 1979 | 554546 |
| [the role of enteric bacteria in childhood urinary tract infections and their in vitro response to antimicrobial agents]. | in this study, 154 cases of suspected bacterial urinary tract infection were examined bacteriologically. urine cultures yielded, e. coli in 84 patients citrobacter in 22 (c. freundii: 9, c. diversus: 9) proteus in 21 (p. vulgaris: 6, p. morgani: 4, p. rettgeri: 2. p. mirabilis: 4, lactose fermenting strains: 5), pseudomonas in 12 (p. aeruginosa: 5, other strains of pseudomonas: 7), klebsiella in 9 (k. aerogenes: 3, k. pneumonia: 6) and enterobacter in 6 patients (e. aerogenes: 1, e. cloacae: 5). ... | 1979 | 555789 |
| [monosaccharide composition of the lipopolysaccharides of bacteria of the genus citrobacter]. | the authors studied antigens obtained by grasset's method from 13 strains of citrobacter of the international collection. the strains possessed o- and h-antigens whose behaviur in the electric field differed. all the strains under study were divided into two groups (by the number of serologically-active components of their o-antigens); representatives of the second group had no cathode o-antigen component. chemical composition of specific lipopolysaccharides (lps) obtained by westphal's method w ... | 1978 | 569413 |
| comparison of four agar plating media with and without added novobiocin for isolation of salmonellae from beef and deboned poultry meat. | four plating media, hektoen enteric (he), xylose-lysine deoxycholate (xld), tryptic soy-xylose-lysine (tsxl), and tryptic soy-brillant green (tsbg) agars with and without 10 mg of added novobiocin per ml, were evaluated for recovery of salmonella from roast beef and deboned turkey. colonies producing a reaction typical of h(2)s-positive salmonellae (alkaline with black centers) were picked. on the media without novobiocin, from 109 determinations on 75 samples, number of salmonellae found and fa ... | 1978 | 569467 |
| the characteristic and clinical importance of bacteria of the genus citrobacter isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections on the territory of volgograd. | a total of 309 citrobacter strains isolated from patients with acute intestinal infections of obscure aetiology and from healthy subjects were investigated. species specificity of the bacterial cultures was determined by biochemical tests recommended by the international enterobacteriaceae subcommittee. citrobacter strains were titrated serologically in the reaction of agglutination on glass with a living culture and adsorbed 0-antisera. eighteen serological 0 groups were identified; 0 groups ... | 1978 | 570990 |
| nasopharyngeal autoflora in the process of influenza infection. | 1979 | 574884 | |
| enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance from clinical cases in man and animals and detection of toads and wall lizards as their reservoirs. | a total of 416 samples comprising faecal samples from diarrhoeic cases of man, calves, sheep and goats, and urine samples from patients with urinary tract infections, were examined for the presence of enterobacteria of emerging pathogenic significance. citrobacter freundii from 20, c. intermedius biotype-a from four, serratia marcescens (serotype 05:h13, bactericin type 16) from one and erwinia herbicola from two human stool samples were isolated. only two urine samples yielded c. freundii. citr ... | 1978 | 582096 |
| effect of serum from various animal species on erythrocyte attachment of endotoxins and other bacterial antigens. | lipopolysaccharide o antigens (endotoxins) and other bacterial antigens readily attach to erythrocytes in vitro. this attachment is prevented by certain mammalian and avian sera. in this study, the inhibitory capacity of sera from lower animals was compared with that of higher animals for a total of 30 species. antigens and the corresponding antisera included both crude o antigens and purified lipopolysaccharide preparations, the common enterobacterial antigen from escherichia coli o14, the vi a ... | 1977 | 591059 |
| dietary, bacterial, and host genetic interactions in the pathogenesis of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia, cuased by a variant of citrobacter freundii (4280). was shown to be modified by diet and by host strain and species. four different diets fed to mice inoculated with c frundii 4280 were found to have a significant but varying influence on the severity of hyperplasia. diet also influenced the colonic crypt height of uninoculated, control mice. f344 rats, syrian hamsters, and nih swiss [n:(s)], c57bl/6j, c3h/hej, and dba/2j mice were inoculated with c freu ... | 1977 | 599885 |
| [effectiveness of cystolusis with rifamycin sv in patients with permanent catheters]. | it has tested the effect of rifamicina sv in the cystolusis employed on patients with permanent catheter: compared to the treatment with physiological solution this one, with rifamicina sv, has showed, in most cases, the lower incidence of urine bacteria and their quick negative answer. this by an only local theatment. during the experiment has also been showed the possibility for the rifamicina sv of selecting the citrobacter as a resistant bacterial species. | 1977 | 614606 |
| [presence of resistance factors to antibiotics in multiresistant enterobacteria]. | the present study was carried out with 111 multiresistant pathogenic strains of enterobacterias isolated from different sources with increased resistance to three or more antibiotics. among the identified species are included e. coli, shigella sp., salmonella oranienburg, klebsiella pneumoniae and citrobacter freundii. in general, the minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotics was above 100 microgram/ml and in some cases it was superior to 1000 microgram/ml. resistance transfer factors were ... | 1977 | 614652 |
| [the gc content of a group of h2s- enterobacterial related to the genus citrobacter]. | the deoxyribonculeic acid (dna) of 106 strains of enterobacteria was analysed for the guanine + cytosine (gc) content. these strains, whose origin and principal characters are described in the text, belong to the genera citrobacter (c. freundii h2s-) and levinea (l. malonatica and l. amalonatica). four other groups or classes named c.d.e. and f. could not be classified on the base of the usual phenotypic criteria. dna from the strains of levinea has a gc% of 50.3 to 53.3, while dna from the stra ... | 1978 | 638898 |
| some interesting isolates from a diagnostic laboratory. | citrobacter koseri, plesiomonas shigelloides, edwardsiella tarda, yersinia enterocolitica, alkalescens dispar, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio alginolyticus were seven interesting microorganisms isolated recently in our diagnostic laboratory. | 1978 | 641196 |
| hydrogen sulfide-producing citrobacter diversus. a re-emphasis of the potential ability of all enterobacteriaceae to manifest this quality. | among 68 strains of citrobacter diversus isolated in a community hospital in a year and a half, six were characterized by late h2s production in iron-agar slants, while otherwise typical. although not recorded in standard tabulations, the potential for enterobacteriaciae to develop this quality by plasmid transfer appears to be virtually unlimited, and dictates caution in the use of failure to produce h2s as a criterion for exclusion. in the present group, the use of the adonitol reaction as a m ... | 1978 | 645641 |
| bacterial contamination of pulmonary artery catheters. | the catheter tips of 152 patients, who were haemodynamically supervised by pulmonary artery monitoring or continuous cardiac output determination, were bacteriologically examined. 106 cultures remained sterile, 21 cultures revealed a growth of non pathogenic organisms. staphylococcus aureus was cultured 15 times, pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 times, citrobacter as well as escherichia coli twice, and klebsiella and enterobacter once each. there was no statistically significant connection between dwell ... | 1978 | 649839 |
| citrobacter infections of the central nervous system in early infancy. | 1978 | 650353 | |
| [resistance to antibiotics of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria of the genera, citrobacter and hafnia]. | antibiotic sensitivity of 363 strains of citrobacter and 124 strains of hafnia isolated from patients with acute intestine infections and healthy persons was studied. it was found that 44.6 per cent of the citrobacter isolates and 36.3 per cent of the hafnia isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotics. different sensitivity of the bacteria of these 2 genera of the conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria to definite antibiotics was shown. the resistant strains of citrobacter to negramon, m ... | 1978 | 655688 |
| heterotrophic bacteria present in hindguts of wood-eating termites [reticulitermes flavipes (kollar)]. | strict anaerobic culture techniques were used to quantitate heterotrophic bacteria present in hindguts of reticulitermes flavipes. the grand mean number of viable cells per hindgut was 0.4 x 10(5) (first-instar larvae), 1.3 x 10(5) (third-instar larvae), 3.5 x 10(5) (workers), and 1.5 x 10(5) (soldiers). of a total of 344 isolates, 66.3% were streptococci that were always obtained regardless of the origin of termites, their developmental stage or caste, or their length of captivity. most of the ... | 1978 | 655709 |
| effects of cephalexin, erythromycin and clindamycin on the aerobic gram-negative faecal flora in man. | the effects of 5-day courses of orally administered cephalexin, clindamycin and erythromycin on the gram-negative, aerobic faecal flora of healthy adults were examined. the concentration of cephalexin reached in the intestine was high enough to cause the emergence of resistant gram-negative bacteria; organisms belonging to the genera enterobacter, citrobacter and pseudomonas increased to easily detectable levels. the faecal concentration of erythromycin was high and caused a severe reduction of ... | 1978 | 660638 |
| [microorganisms that break down alkyl sulfates]. | the following bacteria assimilating alkyl sulphates as a sole source of carbon and energy were isolated from various substrates: pseudomonas, achromobacter, flavobacterium, citrobacter, enterobacter. the bacteria decomposed sodium dodecyl sulphate at a high rate, and some of them, industrial preparations of alkyl sulphates. the ability to assimilate alkyl sulphates was tested in 257 collection cultures belonging to different taxonomic groups. alkyl sulphates were found to be decomposed by hetero ... | 1978 | 661643 |
| transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | after exposure to a variant of citrobacter freundii, suckling and adult mice developed transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia of the same degree of severity. mucosal hyperplasia was most severe 2 to 3 weeks after inoculation and then regressed. suckling mice had a high mortality because of secondary inflammatory and erosive changes. severe hyperplasia was characterized by mitotic activity along the entire crypt column and surface mucosa. | 1978 | 664189 |
| [participation of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria in the processes of intestinal dysbacteriosis]. | the presence of a number of conditioned-pathogenic enterobacteria (klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter) in patients with intestinal dysbacteriosis, and also their detection in derangement of normal intestinal biocenosis in patients with chronic intestinal disturbances with clinical manifestations of this condition, even in the absence of known bacteriological indications of dysbacteriosis was revealed. results of investigations led the authors to the conclusion on the participation of a number ... | 1978 | 665052 |
| synergy of azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics and cephalosporins. | synergistic activity between both azlocillin and mezlocillin and aminoglycosides or cefazolin could be demonstrated by checkerboard dilution, isobologram, and killing curve techniques. azlocillin and mezlocillin combined with gentamicin, netilmicin, or amikacin were synergistic against escherichia coli, klebsiella, citrobacter, enterobacter, serratia, and indole-positive proteus. synergy was observed with isolates that were susceptible or resistant to azlocillin or mezlocillin. synergy was seen ... | 1978 | 666302 |
| a bacterial disease of the darwin's frog (rhinoderma darwini). | ulceration and necrosis of the rostrum in darwin's frogs was investigated microbiologically and histopathologically. the condition was attributed to infection with aeromonas liquefaciens and, possibly, an acinetobacter sp. | 1978 | 672182 |
| [arginine metabolism in citrobacter]. | the authors studied ways of utilization of arginine and of the products of its metabolism (ornithine, agmatine, and urea) in the microoganisms of citrobacter genus. arginine- and ornithine-decarboxylase activity was revealed by spectrophotometric method of decarboxylation products in the form of dinitrophenyl-derivatives in a small number of strains. almost all the strains studied demonstrated a sufficiently high agmatine-ureohydrolase reaction. arginase was constantly revealed. these microbes w ... | 1978 | 676600 |
| azlocillin and mezlocillin: new ureido penicillins. | the activity of azlocillin and mezlocillin, new semisynthetic ureido penicillins, was investigated and compared with that of other known beta-lactam antibiotics. at a concentration of 25 mug/ml, azlocillin inhibited 74% of enterobacter, 97% of proteus mirabilis, 64% of citrobacter, 91% of pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 82% of bacteroides strains tested. mezlocillin inhibited 86% of shigella, 96% of enterobacter, 80% of indole-positive proteus, 88% of bacteroides, and 63% of pseudomonas strains test ... | 1978 | 677860 |
| clinical significance of citrobacter isolates. | little is know about the clinical significance of isolating citrobacter in the clinical laboratory. during a one-year period, 116 citrobacter isolates were obtained from 77 patients with 83 suspected infectious episodes. the majority of the suspected infectious episodes involved the urinary tract (45%) or respiratory tract (41%). citrobacter diversus was associated with 42% of the episodes, citrobacter freundii with 29%, and citrobacter species with 29%. in 42% of the suspected infectious episod ... | 1978 | 696671 |
| activity of 5-episisomicin compared with that of other aminoglycosides. | 5-episisomicin, a semisynthetic aminoglycoside, has been shown to inhibit many members of the enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus. at a concentration of 3.1 mug/ml, more than 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, citrobacter, indole-positive proteus, and providencia were inhibited. 5-episisomicin had activity against s. aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, and citrobacter similar to gentamicin and netilmicin. it had activity similar ... | 1978 | 697347 |
| h2-producing bacteria in digesting sewage sludge isolated on simmple, defined media. | twenty percent of bacteria isolated on simple, defined anaerobic media produced h2. eighty-four percent of these were isolated on glucose. all were enterobacteriaceae, primarily citrobacter. | 1978 | 697371 |
| cephamycin derivatives: comparison of the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sq 14,359, cs-1170, and cefoxitin. | sq 14,359 is a new cephamycin-type (7alpha-och3) antibiotic belonging to a series containing a 7alpha-ureidoacetyl substituent. the compound is the most potent extended spectrum derivative of this type yet reported, surpassing cs-1170 and cefoxitin by a wide margin. this activity in vitro which extends throughout the enterobacteriaceae is particularly prominent against gram-negative organisms that are producers of "cephalosporinase-type" beta-lactamases such as enterobacter, serratia, citrobacte ... | 1978 | 711611 |
| [genus levinea: bacteriological study of 18 strains isolated from man]. | 1978 | 715299 | |
| sce-963, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. | sce-963 {7beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[({1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)- 1h-tetrazol-5-yl}thio)methyl]-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid}, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, showed excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae, indole-positive proteus, enterobacter species, and citrobacter freundii. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of sce-963 against most strains of clinically isolated escherichia coli, klebsiella pneum ... | 1978 | 718154 |
| elementary processes in the interaction of tyrosine phenol lyase with inhibitors and substrate. | 1978 | 721797 | |
| relative importance of enterotoxigenic and invasive enteropathogenic bacteria in infantile diarrhoea. | swedish children and adults (648 patients) with acute diarrhoea were investigated for enterotoxigenic strains in stool cultures. a total number 74 strains were isolated from 28 patients and assayed in the rabbit intestinal loop test and the adrenal cell test. only three of the enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) isolates belonged to classical enteropathogenic serotypes of e. coli (epec). two enterotoxigenic strains of proteus morganii, two of enterobacter hafniae and one of citrobacter freundii were ... | 1978 | 735553 |
| in vitro activity of oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid against common urinary pathogens: a comparative study. | a study was carried out to compare the sensitivity of 500 bacterial strains, isolated from patients with urinary tract infections, to oxolinic acid and nalidixic acid. the results showed that whilst both antibacterial agents were similar in their bacterial spectrum they were not identical in terms of cross-sensitivity or resistance. where there was a difference in sensitivity, this was always in flavour of oxolinic acid and was particularly evident in the case of staphylococcus, pseudomonas, ser ... | 1978 | 738079 |
| instability of the tetrathionate respiratory chain of citrobacter freundii. | the formate--tetrathionate reductase redox pathway of citrobacter freundii is associated with the cytoplasmic membrane fraction. a high concentration of phosphate in the buffer used for cell disintegration assists in the preparing of membrane particles capable of efficient tetrathionate respiration. a part of this effect at least may be attributed to the high ionic strength of the buffer. | 1978 | 744552 |
| [characteristics of the enterobacteria strains isolated from the urine in urinary tract infections]. | study of biochemical properties of 421 strains of enterobacteria permitted to refer them to the following taxonomic groups of which e. coli constituted 83,4 +/- 3.6%, enterobactercloacae--97 +/- 3.0%, klebsiella 4.0 +/- 2.0%. enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter hafnia, citrobacter, proteus rettgeri, proteus vulgaris were revealed in individual cases (0.2-1.0%). as a result of serological typing there were revealed 105 serological types of escherichia differing by 55 o-antigen variants, 26 h-ant ... | 1978 | 747014 |
| [new serological investigations into o-antigenic relations between escherichia coli, salmonella, arizona and citrobacter (author's transl)]. | during a systemic investigation into o-antigenic relations within the family enterobacteriaceae, with special emphasis on serological relationships between o-antigens (or o-groups) of e. coli and various o-groupps of salmonella, arizona, and citrobacter, our tests confirmed some findings previously descried by other authors, some were not confirmed, and other antigenic relationships were discovered which have not yet been published. individually tested were o-antigens of 142 serologically define ... | 1975 | 766500 |
| [nomenclature of the s. coli (e. coli) no. 2624/36 and 5396/38 strains]. | the author confirmed the fact that s. coli (e. coli) no. 2624/36 and 5396/38 strains were referred to the serological type o37 : h1,5(salmonella) : vi of the citrobacter genus. strains of this serological type of citrobacter failed to ferment cellobiose, starch, contained no decarboxylase of glutamic acid, and did not utilize sodium malonate; they fermented glycerine. | 1975 | 766529 |
| study on the efficiency of four procedures for enumerating coliforms in water. | four coliform estimation procedures were compared as to their ability to enumerate coliform bacteria (oxidase-negative lactose fermenters) from sewage, effluent, and various fresh waters in the lower great lakes region of canada. two of the procedures used and which are cited in the american public health association (apha) standard methods were a most probable number (mpn) technique using lauryltryptose broth (lst) and brilliant green bile 2% broth (bgb), and a membrane filtration (mf) techniqu ... | 1976 | 776372 |
| antibacterial activity of ribostamycin on enterobacteriaceae. | the study of the inhibitory activity of ribostamvcin (vistamycin), an antibiotic derived from streptomyces ribosidificus, on 161 strains of gram-negative bacilli shows that the antibacterial spectrum of this antibiotic is identical to that of kanamycin. if controlled clinical studies confirm that ribostamycin is less toxic than kanamycin on the otovestibular system, this antibiotic will constitute a real therapeutic advance. | 1976 | 779802 |
| [use of the vshs elective-differential medium in the diagnosis of dysentery and other acute intestinal infections]. | results of trial of the vshs medium under conditions of direct seeding feces of patients suffering from dysentery and other acute intestinal disturbances demonstrated that by the efficacy of sh. sonnei isolation it failed to differ from ploskirev's bactoagar, was less effective in comparison with levin's medium with levomycetin (the incidence of shigella isolation was 49.7, 52.6 and 60.3%, respectively) and was the most effective in sh. newcastle isolation. in seeding feces after their enrichmen ... | 1976 | 782114 |
| [a comparative study of different methods of determining the tm of bacterial dna (author's transl)]. | melting point curves of dna are used to calculate average gc content. four methods of tm determination are described and are used in the case of all dna samples studied. the results presented confirme that thermal denaturation curves are asymetrical, and this limits the use of "normal probability paper" and "regression lines" methods. best reproductibility is obtained by a study of the function (see article) followed by a linear interpolation of the median. this approach yields at the same time ... | 1976 | 786103 |
| reductive microbial conversion of anthracycline antibiotics. | reductive conversion of several anthracycline glycosides to their 7-deoxyaglycones occurs during their microaerophilic incubation with strains of aeromonas hydrophila, citrobacter freundii, and escherichia coli. further, extracts of microaerophilically grown a. hydrophilia catalyze dpnh-dependent reductive conversion of the same compounds. anthracycline substrates cleaved by both whole cells and by the cell-free system include steffimycin, steffimycin b, nogalamycin, cinerubin a, and daunomycin. ... | 1976 | 786368 |
| formation of crystalline deposits by several genera of the family enterobacteriaceae. | several species of bacteria from the family enterobacteriaceae formed crystalline materials containing calcium when grown in a defined culture medium. enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris, citrobacter freundii, and c. intermedius produced calcium pyrophosphate crystals. edwardsiella tarda and escherichia coli formed calcite iii crystals, whereas proteus mirabilis, klebsiella pneumoniae, providencia stuartii, and serratia marcescens produced hydroxyapatite crystals. several of these bacteria ... | 1976 | 786887 |