Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| nucleotide sequences involved in the neolysogenic insertion of filamentous phage cf16-v1 into the xanthomonas campestris pv. citri chromosome. | following a protracted carrier state in the infected cell, filamentous bacteriophage cf16-v1 neolysogenizes xanthomonas campestris pv. citri by inserting the phage genome into the host chromosome. the integration region in the phage and the host chromosome, respectively, and the two junctions in the lysogen chromosome were isolated and their nucleotide sequence was determined. the phage and host attachment sites shared an identical 15-bp "core," 5'-tatacattatgcgaa-3'. located on either side of e ... | 1988 | 3201755 |
| broad host range cosmid plafr1 and non-mucoid mutant xcp20 provide a suitable vector-host system for cloning genes in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. | for many gram-negative bacteria, whose transformation systems have yet developed, following a two stage manipulation for gene cloning is a common choice. following this strategy, dnas are cloned in escherichia coli, using a mobilizable vector, and the recombinant plasmids conjugally transferred into the original host. in this study, transfer of the broad-host range plasmid plafr1 (a 21.6 kb cosmid, tcr, derived from rk2 replicon) from e. coli to xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, by the help ... | 1988 | 3208574 |
| differential stability of filamentous phage genomes in xanthomonas campestris pv citri. | stability of carrier state in filamentous phage-infected xanthomonas campestris pv citri varied drastically even for closely related phage types. the spontaneous curing frequency for cells infected with cf16-12, cf16, cf16-v1 and cf was 1, 5, 96 and 100%, respectively. the size of the phage replicative-form (rf) pool which built up rapidly at the onset of cf16 infection was critical to the maintenance of the carrier state and the eventual integration of the prophage. a correlation in stability b ... | 1988 | 3241573 |
| minimal region necessary for autonomous replication of ptar. | the native 44-kilobase-pair plasmid ptar, discovered in a grapevine strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens, contains a single origin of dna replication confined to a 1.0-kilobase-pair region of the macromolecule. this region (ori) confers functions sufficient for replication in agrobacterium and rhizobium species but not in pseudomonas solanacearum, pseudomonas glumae, pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi, xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, and escherichia coli. ori contains a repa gene that enc ... | 1988 | 3290199 |
| xanthan lyases--novel enzymes found in various bacterial species. | xanthan lyases, cleaving the terminal beta-mannosidic linkage of the side-chain of the exopolysaccharide xanthan from xanthomonas campestris, have been obtained from several sources. these include a bacillus species, a corynebacterium species and a mixed culture. the lyases were initially associated with endo-beta-glucanases cleaving the main chain of xanthan. partial purification of the enzymes was achieved and the bacillus preparation was separated by fplc into material free of endoglucanase a ... | 1987 | 3446747 |
| transformation of xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris with plasmid dna. | procedures for the introduction of plasmid dna into gram-negative bacteria have been adapted and optimized to permit transformation of the plant pathogen xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris with the cloning vector pkt230 and other broad-host-range plasmids. the technique involves cacl2-induced competence and heat shock and is similar to that routinely used for escherichia coli. wild-type x. c. campestris strains appear to restrict incoming unmodified dna, so that plasmid dna for transform ... | 1987 | 3449597 |
| extracellular oligosaccharides and low-mr polysaccharides containing (1----2)-beta-d-glucosidic linkages from strains of xanthomonas, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae. | one strain each of xanthomonas campestris and 'xanthomonas phaseoli', three strains of 'xanthomonas oryzae', and five strains each of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae were found to produce a mixture of (1----2)-beta-d-gluco-oligosaccharides and/or low-mr (1----2)-beta-d-glucans in their culture media. the saccharides from the strains of xanthomonas were all composed of unbranched, linear (1----2)-beta-d-glucosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (dps) of 8 to about 20, and a cycli ... | 1986 | 3540204 |
| regulation of transcription of the xp10 genome in bacteriophage-infected xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. | results of in vivo studies showed that the transcription of the xp10 genome in xp10-infected cells shifted from rifampin sensitivity to rifampin resistance. results of in vitro studies showed that a rapid reduction of rifampin-sensitive rna polymerase activity coincided with a rapid increase of rifampin-resistant rna polymerase activity in cell extracts with time after infection. host and xp10-encoded rna polymerases were purified, and the transcripts from these two enzymes were hybridized to th ... | 1987 | 3573148 |
| expression of rhizobium meliloti nod genes in rhizobium and agrobacterium backgrounds. | rhizobium meliloti nod genes are required for the infection of alfalfa. induction of the nodc gene depends on a chemical signal from alfalfa and on nodd gene expression. by using a nodc-lacz fusion, we have shown that the induction of the r. meliloti nodc gene and the expression of nodd occur at almost normal levels in other rhizobium backgrounds and in agrobacterium tumefaciens, but not in escherichia coli. xanthomonas campestris, or pseudomonas savastanoi. our results suggest that bacterial ge ... | 1987 | 3597319 |
| hemagglutinating activity in phytopathogenic bacteria surface compounds. | extracellular components of plant pathogenic bacteria were obtained from their culture medium as well as from the whole cells by using nacl 1 m, ph 6.0; 20% sucrose dissolved in 0.03 m tris buffer, ph 8.0; or 0.05 m na2edta. all the extracts from erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli, pseudomonas solanacearum, and erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica, were assayed for hemagglutinati ... | 1987 | 3625474 |
| characterization of phage-xp10-coded rna polymerase. | a bacteriophage-coded rna polymerase was isolated from bacteriophage-xp10-infected xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity through precipitation by poly(ethylene glycol) and chromatography on deae-cellulose, heparin--sepharose 4b and blue-dextran--sepharose 4b. it is composed of a single polypeptide of mr96,000. the enzyme preferred denatured xp10 dna, calf thymus dna, host bacterium dna and poly[d(a-t)] as templates. the optimal concentration of mgcl2 is 16 mm. ... | 1986 | 3720743 |
| nitrogen conversion factors for the proteinaceous content of gums permitted as food additives. | nitrogen conversion factors for gum arabic (acacia senegal (l.) willd.), gum tragacanth (asiatic astragalus spp.), gum karaya (sterculia spp.), guar gum (cyamopsis spp.), locust bean (carob) gum (ceratonia spp.), tara gum (caesalpinia spp.), and xanthan gum (xanthomonas campestris) have been calculated from data for the amino acid compositions of their proteinaceous components. the factors derived differ from the arbitrary values (5.7 or 6.25) at present specified by international regulatory aut ... | 1986 | 3743832 |
| human serum amyloid p component, a circulating lectin with specificity for the cyclic 4,6-pyruvate acetal of galactose. interactions with various bacteria. | serum amyloid p component (sap), a normal plasma glycoprotein, has recently been shown to have ca2+-dependent binding specificity for methyl 4,6-o-(1-carboxyethylidene)-beta-d-galactopyranoside (mo beta dg) [hind, collins, renn, cook, caspi, baltz & pepys (1984) j. exp. med. 159, 1058-1069]. sap was found to bind in vitro to klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, the cell wall of which is known to contain this particular cyclic pyruvate acetal of galactose. sap also bound in similar amounts (approx. 6000 ... | 1985 | 3883985 |
| bacterial leaf spot of zinnia elegans, a new disease in argentina. | a bacterial disease of zinnia elegans (compositae), caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. zinniae is recorded for the first time in argentina. the identification of the causal organism was based on disease symptoms, pathogenicity and morphological and physiological characteristics of the cultures isolated from material collected at la plata, province of buenos aires, argentina. | 1985 | 3916667 |
| occurrence of maltase and beta-galactosidase in xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. | 1985 | 3928284 | |
| copper-binding characteristics of exopolymers from a freshwater-sediment bacterium. | copper-binding activity by exopolymers from adherent cells of a freshwater-sediment bacterium was demonstrated by a combination of equilibrium dialysis and flameless atomic absorption spectrometry. crude, cell-free exopolymer preparations containing protein and polysaccharide components bound up to 37 nmol of cu per mg (dry weight). a highly purified exopolysaccharide preparation bound up to 253 nmol of cu per mg of carbohydrate. the conditional stability constant for the crude exopolymer-cu com ... | 1985 | 4004217 |
| evolutionary implications of features of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in the genus acinetobacter. | key enzymes of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis were examined in the genus acinetobacter. members of this genus belong to a suprafamilial assemblage of gram-negative bacteria (denoted superfamily b) for which a phylogenetic tree based upon oligonucleotide cataloging of 16s rrna exists. since the acinetobacter lineage diverged at an early evolutionary time from other lineages within superfamily b, an examination of aromatic biosynthesis in members of this genus has supplied important clues for th ... | 1985 | 4074072 |
| isolation of d-galacturonic acid 1-phosphate from hydrolysates of cell wall lipopolysaccharide extracted from xanthomonas campestris. | d-galacturonic acid 1-phosphate was found to be one of the products formed during hydrolysis of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide of xanthomonas campestris in 0.01 n acetic acid at ph 3.3. the molecule was shown to consist of equimolar amounts of d-galacturonic acid and phosphate. resistance to borohydride reduction before, but not after, treatment with escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase indicated that the phosphate group is attached to carbon-1 of the galacturonic acid. the presence of an add ... | 1968 | 4868363 |
| growth of xanthomonas campestris is not simply nutrient-limited. | 1971 | 5156942 | |
| biological assays for two mycotoxins produced by fusarium tricinctum. | a survey was made to detect microorganisms useful for assaying butenolide [4-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone] and t-2 toxin [4beta, 15-diacetoxy-8alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytricothec -9-en-3alpha-ol]. these mycotoxins produced by strains of fusarium tricinctum have been implicated in mycotoxicosis of livestock. although butenolide proved to be a very weak antibiotic, assay discs containing 100 mug of this toxin inhibited sprillum serpens nrrl b-2052, vibrio tyrogenus ... | 1970 | 5485724 |
| outbreak of black rot of cabbage (xanthomonas campestris) in udaipur, rajasthan and effect of antibiotics on the growth of the pathogen in vitro. | 1969 | 5823583 | |
| isolation and identification of n-acetyl-3-amino-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose, a cell wall constituent of xanthomonas campestris. | 1965 | 5846977 | |
| isolation of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide from xanthomonas campestris containing 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose and d-rhamnose. | 1966 | 5935353 | |
| polygalacturonic acid trans-eliminase of xanthomonas campestris. | polygalacturonic acid trans-eliminase from the culture fluid of xanthomonas campestris was purified 66-fold by acetone precipitation, citrate extraction and chromatography on diethylaminoethyl- and carboxymethyl-cellulose. the optimum ph is 9.5 in glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer. up to 1mm-calcium chloride brings about a remarkable stimulation of the enzyme activity and, at this concentration, no other cations promote or inhibit enzyme action except ba(2+) ions, which cause complete inhibition. ... | 1967 | 6035509 |
| differentiation between xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzicola and the bacterial 'brown blotch' pathogen on rice by numerical analysis of phenotypic features and protein gel electrophoregrams. | thirty-five xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, fourteen x. campestris pv. oryzicola strains and six 'brown blotch' pathogens of rice, all of different geographical origin, were studied by numerical analysis of 133 phenotype features and gel electrophoregrams of soluble proteins, %g + c determinations and dna:rrna hybridizations. the following conclusions were drawn. (i) the xanthomonas campestris pathovars oryzae and oryzicola display clearly distinct protein patterns on polyacrylamide gels and ... | 1984 | 6084704 |
| clues from xanthomonas campestris about the evolution of aromatic biosynthesis and its regulation. | the recent placement of major gram-negative prokaryotes (superfamily b) on a phylogenetic tree (including, e.g., lineages leading to escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus) has allowed initial insights into the evolution of the biochemical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis and its regulation to be obtained. within this prokaryote grouping, xanthomonas campestris atcc 12612 (a representative of the group v pseudomonads) has played a key role in facili ... | 1984 | 6152589 |
| [transfer of plasmid rp4 into some phytopathogenic bacteria and its relation to their virulence]. | plasmid rp4 were transferred from escherichia coli into pseudomonas solanacerum, xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae, x. campestris pv. campestris, and x. campestris pv. citri at the frequencies of 1.8 x 10(-6), 2.8 x 10(-6), 1.4 x 10(-2) and 2.0 x 10(-3), respectively. the frequencies of transfer depended on bacterial species and conjugation conditions. treatment of bromide at the concentration of 2 micrograms/ml and acridine orange at 100 micrograms/ml for 32 hrs the plasmid rp4 could be cured f ... | 1983 | 6342991 |
| phytoalexin synthesis in soybean cells: elicitor induction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase mrnas and correlation with phytoalexin accumulation. | a glucan elicitor from cell walls of the fungus phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea, a pathogen of soybean (glycine max), induced large and rapid increases in the activities of enzymes of general phenylpropanoid metabolism, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and of the flavonoid pathway, acetyl-coa carboxylase and chalcone synthase, in suspension-cultured soybean cells. the changes in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and chalcone synthase activities were correlated with corresponding changes in the mrn ... | 1984 | 6540068 |
| mechanism and dynamics of conformational ordering in xanthan polysaccharide. | the thermally induced order-disorder transition of xanthan (extracellular bacterial polysaccharide from xanthomonas campestris) has been investigated by optical rotation, differential scanning calorimetry, stopped-flow reaction kinetics and low-angle laser light scattering, and the results have been analysed in terms of zimm -bragg helix-coil transition theory. the reciprocal of the transition midpoint temperature (tm) varies linearly with the logarithm of cation (k+) the salt dependence of tm, ... | 1984 | 6726814 |
| immune responses to xanthan gum. i. the characteristics of lymphocyte activation by xanthan gum. | xanthan gum (xg), a microbial polysaccharide produced extracellularly by fermentation of xanthomonas campestris, has unique physical properties. we studied the effects of xg on murine lymphocytes in vitro and found that xg induced both a significant increase of dna synthesis in mouse splenic b cells and thymocytes as well as polyclonal igm and igg antibody responses in b cells. xg-activated thymocytes, however, did not display helper or suppressor functions. xg was almost as effective in inducin ... | 1983 | 6832212 |
| the similarities between pseudomonas paucimobilis and allied bacteria derived from analysis of deoxyribonucleic acids and electrophoretic protein patterns. | the chromosomal dna was isolated and purified from 17 strains of pseudomonas paucimobilis, and from the type or reference strains of flavobacterium capsulatum, f. devorans, f. multivorum, 'chromobacterium lividum', xanthomonas campestris and seven species of pseudomonas. the dna base compositions (mol% g + c) of p. paucimobilis strains were between 62.2 and 68.6%, and typical strains had a mean value of 65.3 +/- 0.4 mol%, determined from thermal denaturation temperature. dna-dna molecular hybrid ... | 1982 | 7183747 |
| growth and accumulation of polysaccharide by xanthomonas campestris. | 1980 | 7424048 | |
| expression of the stra-strb streptomycin resistance genes in pseudomonas syringae and xanthomonas campestris and characterization of is6100 in x. campestris. | expression of the stra-strb streptomycin resistance (smr) genes was examined in pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. the stra-strb genes in p. syringae and x. campestris were encoded on elements closely related to tn5393 from erwinia amylovora and designated tn5393a and tn5393b, respectively. the putative recombination site (res) and resolvase-repressor (tnpr) genes of tn5393 from e. amylovora, p syringae, and x. campestris were identical; however, is6100 ... | 1995 | 7487022 |
| fructose phosphotransferase system of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris: characterization of the frub gene. | in the plant pathogen xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, fructose is transported by a specific phosphotransferase system (pts). this pts involves a multiphosphoryl transfer protein (mtp) encoded by the frub gene, which was cloned and sequenced. frub is part of a transcriptional unit together with the fruk gene, coding for 1-phosphofructokinase, which is located upstream from the frua gene, coding for the fructose-specific permease (eiib'bcfru). the amino acid sequence of the x. campestris mt ... | 1995 | 7496537 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies against xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae and their use to investigate differences in virulence. | four xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae isolates from mango black spot lesions were grouped according to differences in virulence and used to raise monoclonal antibodies (mabs). two immunization approaches were followed. in the first, four groups of mice were immunized, each with a different isolate and the spleens from each group homogenized together for cell fusion. the second approach entailed immunization of a single group of mice with bacteria pooled from all four isolates. the re ... | 1994 | 7528196 |
| a locus determining pathogenicity of xanthomonas campestris is involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. | a pathogenicity locus in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris has been shown to comprise two genes which mediate biosynthesis of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) but not extracellular polysaccharide. mutants with tn5 insertions in either gene showed alterations in the electrophoretic patterns of both water-soluble and phenol-soluble lps forms, which suggested defects in the biosynthesis of the core oligosaccharide component. on gel chromatography, core oligosaccharides of the mutants were ... | 1995 | 7579621 |
| lipopolysaccharide from xanthomonas campestris induces defense-related gene expression in brassica campestris. | purified lipopolysaccharide (lps) from xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris induced accumulation of transcript for beta-1,3-glucanase in turnip at concentrations of 1 micrograms/ml. the lipid a-inner core structure was required for activity but the o-antigen had no role. we suggest that release of lps in planta triggers expression of at least some defense-related genes. | 1995 | 7579622 |
| a specific puld homolog is required for the secretion of paracrystalline surface array subunits in aeromonas hydrophila. | aeromonas hydrophila is an important pathogen of fish, and its high-virulence strains display a two-dimensional paracrystalline layer (s-layer) on their outermost surfaces. the nucleotide sequence of a 4.1-kb region located 700 bp upstream of the a. hydrophila tf7 s-layer protein gene (ahsa) has been determined. a sequence analysis of the region revealed the presence of three complete open reading frames ending in a gene encoding a 79.8-kda polypeptide that shows high homology to the puld family ... | 1995 | 7608063 |
| conservation of the hypersensitivity-pathogenicity regulatory gene hrpx of xanthomonas campestris and x. oryzae. | the hrpx gene is essential for pathogenicity of xanthomonas species. loss of hrpx by mutation results in the loss of pathogenicity and a gain in the ability of xanthomonas to cause the hypersensitive response in their respective host plants, suggesting that hrpx confers a means to evade this host defense response. the function of hrpx protein was predicted by sequencing of hrpxc and hrpxo from x. campestris pv. campestris and x. oryzae, respectively. the predicted amino acid sequences of the pro ... | 1995 | 7626786 |
| growth phase-dependent induction of stationary-phase promoters of escherichia coli in different gram-negative bacteria. | rsf1010-derived plasmids carrying a fusion of a promoterless lacz gene with the sigma s-dependent growth phase-regulated promoters of escherichia coli, bolap1 and fic, were constructed. the plasmids were mobilized into the gram-negative bacterial species acetobacter methanolicus, xanthomonas campestris, pseudomonas putida, and rhizobium meliloti. the beta-galactosidase activities of bacterial cultures were determined during exponential and stationary growth phases. transcriptional activation of ... | 1995 | 7665531 |
| subcellular location of xpsd, a protein required for extracellular protein secretion by xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. | the last orf of an xps gene cluster, designated xpsd, is required for the secretion of extracellular enzymes across the outer membrane in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. it could encode a protein of 759 amino acid residues. a consensus n-terminal lipoprotein signal peptide was revealed from its deduced amino acid sequence. a [3h]palmitate labelling experiment indicated that xpsd was fatty-acylated. differential extraction with triton x-100 disclosed that xpsd was fractionated with the out ... | 1995 | 7670641 |
| identification, expression, and dna sequence of the gdp-mannose biosynthesis genes encoded by the o7 rfb gene cluster of strain vw187 (escherichia coli o7:k1). | the o7-specific lipopolysaccharide (lps) in strains of escherichia coli consists of a repeating unit made of galactose, mannose, rhamnose, 4-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyglucose, and n-acetylglucosamine. we have recently cloned and characterized genetically the o7-specific lps biosynthesis region (rfbeco7) of the e. coli o7:k1 strain vw187 (c. l. marolda, j. welsh, l. dafoe, and m. a. valvano, j. bacteriol. 172:3590-3599, 1990). in this study, we localized the gnd gene encoding gluconate-6-phosphate deh ... | 1993 | 7677991 |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of xanthomonas campestris ncppb 45 lipopolysaccharide. | 1993 | 7682475 | |
| sequential assembly and polymerization of the polyprenol-linked pentasaccharide repeating unit of the xanthan polysaccharide in xanthomonas campestris. | lipid-linked intermediates are involved in the synthesis of the exopolysaccharide xanthan produced by the bacterium xanthomonas campestris (l. ielpi, r. o. couso, and m. a. dankert, febs lett. 130:253-256, 1981). in this study, the stepwise assembly of the repeating pentasaccharide unit of xanthan is described. edta-treated x. campestris cells were used as both enzyme preparation and lipid-p acceptor, and udp-glc, gdp-man, and udp-glucuronic acid were used as sugar donors. a linear pentasacchari ... | 1993 | 7683019 |
| a homolog of the rhizobium meliloti nitrogen fixation gene fixn is involved in the production of a microaerobically induced oxidase activity in the phytopathogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens. | hybridization analysis using the rhizobium meliloti nitrogen fixation gene fixn as a probe revealed the presence of a homologous dna region in the phytopathogenic bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens. hybridization signals were also detected with total dnas of rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, rhodobacter capsulatus and escherichia coli, but not those of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and pseudomonas putida. the hybridizing fragment from a. tumefaciens was cloned and sequenced. the pre ... | 1995 | 7753030 |
| cloning and characterization of the glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminomutase gene from xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. | the gene from xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli for glutamate 1-semialdehyde (gsa) aminomutase, which is involved in the c5 pathway for synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ala), was cloned onto a multicopy plasmid, puc18, by the complementation of an ala-deficient mutant (heml) of escherichia coli. subcloning of deletion fragments from the initial 3.5-kb chromosomal fragment allowed the isolation of a 1.7-kb fragment which could complement the heml mutation. nucleotide sequence analysis of ... | 1993 | 7763385 |
| saturation mutagenesis in escherichia coli of a cloned xanthomonas campestris dna fragment with the lux transposon tn4431 using the delivery plasmid pds1, thermosensitive in replication. | a system allowing transposon mutagenesis of cloned dna fragments in escherichia coli with tn4431, which carries the promotorless luciferase (lux) operon of vibrio fischeri, has been developed. the transposon delivery plasmid, pds1, based on an incf replicon, is thermosensitive in replication and mobilizable to many gram-negative bacteria. we used pds1 for tn4431-saturation mutagenesis of a 10-kb dna fragment of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (x.c.c.) in e. coli and showed that the express ... | 1993 | 7764391 |
| cloning and characterization of the hema gene for synthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli. | the gene from xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli that is involved in the c5 pathway of delta-amino-levulinic acid (ala) of escherichia coli. subcloning of deletion fragments from the initial 2.5-kilobase (kb) chromosomal fragment allowed the isolation of a 1.6-kb fragment that could complement the hemm mutation. nucleotide sequence analysis of the 1.6-kb dna fragment revealed an open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 426 amino acid residues, and the deduced molecular mass of this poly ... | 1994 | 7764570 |
| enhancing effect of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetic acid on transcription of the ice nucleation-active gene of xanthomonas campestris. | cultivation of an ice nucleation-active strain of xanthomonas campestris in the presence (1 ppm) of 4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenylacetic acid resulted in enhancement of its ice-nucleation activity. both the ice-nucleation-active protein, inax, and its mrna were effectively expressed in the bacterial cells cultured in the presence of this compound. this indicates that this compound stimulated the biosynthesis of the ice-nucleation-active protein. | 1994 | 7765721 |
| characterization of an open reading frame involved in site-specific integration of filamentous phage cf1t from xanthomonas campestris pv. citri. | cf1t is a single-stranded dna filamentous phage; a 1.9-kb segment of dna from cf1t was found to be responsible for site-specific integration into xanthomonas campestris pv. citri (xw47), in the absence of any xanthomonas origin of replication. deletion analysis and introduction of amber stop codons into this fragment from cf1t revealed an open reading frame (orf344) which was involved in the integration function. the predicted amino-acid sequence of orf344 bears no homology with conserved sequen ... | 1995 | 7789813 |
| [cloning and expression of beta-glucosidase gene in xanthomonas campestris xa5-5]. | a beta-glucosidase gene from xanthomonas campestris xa5-5 was cloned in escherichia coli with the broad-host-range plasmid prk404. the beta-glucosidase encoding plasmid designated plzs1 contained a 1.1kb psti dna fragment deriving from xa5-5. the plasmid plzs1 was transconjugated by filter mating into xa5-5 producing homologous clones xa5-5(plzs1). plasmid stability analysis revealed that plzs1 was more stable in xa5-5 than in e. coli jm83. the level of beta-glucosidase expressed in xa5-5 (plzs1 ... | 1994 | 7801636 |
| gellan lyases--novel polysaccharide lyases. | a number of bacterial strains capable of degrading the bacterial exopolysaccharide gellan have been isolated by standard enrichment procedures. they include several pink-pigmented gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. a red-pigmented gram-positive bacillus earlier found to degrade the exopolysaccharide xanthan from xanthomonas campestris also showed slight gellanase activity. all the gram-negative bacteria are non-fermentative, motile and amylase-producing. the gellan degradation in each case is du ... | 1994 | 7812440 |
| [bacterial leaf blight affecting syngonium podophyllum in argentina]. | bacterial leaf blight of syngonium podophyllum caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. syngonii is recorded for the first time in argentina. the first symptom of the disease was an interveinal watersoaking of leaves, the tissues became chlorotic and finally necrotic over areas of about 4 cm. the identification of the causal microorganism was based on disease symptoms, morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics and pathogenicity test. | 1994 | 7838977 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression of udp-glucose dehydrogenase gene required for the synthesis of xanthan gum in xanthomonas campestris. | xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, producing large amounts of exopolysaccharide xanthan gum, has a mucoid phenotype. strain sd7 was a non-mucoid mutant deficient in udp-glucose dehydrogenase. a dna fragment able to complement the mutation of sd7 was cloned from the parental wild-type strain xc11. sequence analysis of the region required for the complementation revealed an open reading frame which could encode a polypeptide of 445 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 48,432, a si ... | 1995 | 7857269 |
| pathogenicity determinants and global regulation of pathogenicity of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. | 1994 | 7859511 | |
| isolation of an insertion sequence (is1051) from xanthomonas campestris pv. dieffenbachiae with potential use for strain identification and characterization. | a new insertion sequence was isolated from xanthomonas campestris pv. dieffenbachiae. sequence analysis showed that this element is 1,158 bp long and has 15-bp inverted repeat ends containing two mismatches. comparison of this sequence with sequences in data bases revealed significant homology with escherichia coli is5. is1051, which detected multiple restriction fragment length polymorphisms, was used as a probe to characterize strains from the pathovar dieffenbachiae. | 1994 | 7906933 |
| tomato mutants altered in bacterial disease resistance provide evidence for a new locus controlling pathogen recognition. | we have employed a genetic approach to study the resistance of tomato to the phytopathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv tomato. resistance to p. s. tomato depends upon expression of the pto locus in tomato, which encodes a protein with similarity to serine/threonine protein kinases and recognizes pathogen strains expressing the avirulence gene avrpto. eleven tomato mutants were isolated with altered resistance to p. s. tomato strains expressing avrpto. we identified mutations both in the ... | 1994 | 7911348 |
| partial characterization of fimbriae of xanthomonas campestris pv. hyacinthi. | xanthomonas campestris pv. hyacinthi is a plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes yellow disease in hyacinthus. x. c. pv.hyacinthi produces monopolarly attached fimbriae with a diameter of approximately 5 nm and a length of at least 6 micron. fimbriae were purified by acid precipitation and preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. no hemagglutinating activity of purified fimbriae was found when the fimbriae were tested with several types of erythrocytes. the fimbrial ... | 1994 | 7912121 |
| genetic analysis of hrp-related dna sequences of xanthomonas campestris strains causing diseases of citrus. | the hrp gene cluster of strains of xanthomonas campestris that cause diseases of citrus was examined by southern hybridization of genomic dna and by restriction endonuclease analysis of enzymatically amplified dna fragments of the hrp gene cluster. the hrp genes were present in all strains of the pathovars of x. campestris tested in this study, including strains of the three aggressiveness groups of the citrus bacterial spot pathogen, x. campestris pv. citrumelo. x. campestris pv. citri strains ... | 1994 | 7912499 |
| molecular mechanisms of copper resistance and accumulation in bacteria. | an unusual mechanism of metal resistance is found in certain plant pathogenic strains of pseudomonas syringae that are exposed to high levels of copper compounds used in disease control on agricultural crops. these bacteria accumulate blue cu2+ ions in the periplasm and outer membrane. at least part of this copper sequestering activity is determined by copper-binding protein products of the copper resistance operon (cop). potential copper-binding sites of the periplasmic copa protein show conser ... | 1994 | 7917425 |
| mechanism of bacitracin resistance in gram-negative bacteria that synthesize exopolysaccharides. | four representative species from three genera of gram-negative bacteria that secrete exopolysaccharides acquired resistance to the antibiotic bacitracin by stopping synthesis of the exopolysaccharide. xanthomonas campestris, sphingomonas strains s-88 and nw11, and escherichia coli k-12 secrete xanthan gum, sphingans s-88 and nw11, and colanic acid, respectively. the gumd gene in x. campestris is required to attach glucose-p to c55-isoprenyl phosphate, the first step in the assembly of xanthan. a ... | 1994 | 7928993 |
| [xanthan production by xanthomonas campestris b-1459]. | the production of xantano from xanthomonas campestris b-1459 was analyzed. the experiments were performed in shaked flasks at 250 rpm and 2.5 cm eccentricity. using a base modified medium it was possible to achieve xantano concentration of 35 g/l in 72 h of process. the modified medium contained glucose as carbon source, and yeast extract, meat peptone, malt extract and amaranth meal as growth factors and nitrogen sources, in a kh2po4/k2hpo4 buffer. | 1994 | 7938501 |
| defense-related gene induction in brassica campestris in response to defined mutants of xanthomonas campestris with altered pathogenicity. | we have studied the induction of beta-1,3-glucanase (bgl) in turnip following inoculation with pathovars of xanthomonas campestris and derived mutants. bgl transcript accumulated more rapidly in leaves in the incompatible interactions with x. c. pv. armoraciae and x. c. pv. raphani than in the compatible interaction with x. c. pv. campestris. no accumulation was seen in response to wounding or inoculation with water, salicylic acid, or escherichia coli. deletion of the hrp cluster from the x. ca ... | 1994 | 7949324 |
| avirulence gene avrpphc from pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 3121: a plasmid-borne homologue of avrc closely linked to an avrd allele. | cosmid clone ppsp01 from race 1 pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola isolate 3121 conferred a unique pattern of soybean cultivar reactions when expressed in p. s. pv. glycinea r4. the avirulence phenotype was shown to result from the presence in clone ppsp01 of an avrd allele as well as an additional avirulence gene located approximately 5-kb upstream. the new gene, called avrpphc, shows high identity to and is phenotypically identical to avrc, previously cloned from p. s. pv. glycinea race 0. ... | 1994 | 7949327 |
| a chromosomal cluster of genes encoding adp-glucose synthetase, glycogen synthase and phosphoglucomutase in agrobacterium tumefaciens. | a chromosomal region from agrobacterium tumefaciens that complements exoc (pgm) mutations was cloned and sequenced. a cluster of three open reading frames (orf1, orf2 and orf3) was identified. these genes are oriented in the same direction and are involved in the synthesis of glycogen and other polysaccharides. orf1 encodes a 420-amino-acid (aa) protein with 55.9% homology to escherichia coli glgc (adp-glucose synthetase, ec 2.7.7.27). orf2 encodes a 480-aa protein with 42.2% homology to e. coli ... | 1994 | 7959036 |
| a long lytic cycle in filamentous phage cf1tv infecting xanthomonas campestris pv. citri. | in this study the lytic cycle of a filamentous phage is reported. under normal laboratory cultivation conditions a virulent form could spontaneously and easily arise from a temperate phage. the virulent one could superinfect cells containing cf1t lysogen. therefore, we have named it cf1tv. in a colony formation assay using cells from an infected culture, two types of colonies were observed, small and large. it could be proven that the formation of small colonies is the result of killing during c ... | 1994 | 7979966 |
| sensitive and specific detection of xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii with dna primers and probes identified by random amplified polymorphic dna analysis. | the random amplified polymorphic dna method was used to distinguish strains of xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii from 21 other xanthomonas species and/or pathovars. among the 42 arbitrarily chosen primers evaluated, 3 were found to reveal diagnostic polymorphisms when purified dnas from compared strains were amplified by the pcr. the three primers revealed dna amplification patterns which were conserved among all 53 strains tested of x. campestris pv. pelargonii isolated from various locatio ... | 1994 | 7993095 |
| specific protein phosphorylation induced in xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae by bacteriophage xp12. | we have investigated the endogenous phosphorylation patterns of phosphorylated proteins of xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae induced by its bacteriophages. for bacteriophage xp12-infected cells, at least three phosphoproteins with apparent molecular weights of 28, 28.5 and 45 kda were detected by in vitro labeling with [gamma-32p]-atp. these xp12-specific phosphoproteins only occurred with xp12 infection, and were not shown in uninfected or xp10-infected cells. the protein kinase(s) responsible ... | 1994 | 8002710 |
| detection and identification of phytopathogenic xanthomonas strains by amplification of dna sequences related to the hrp genes of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. | three pairs of oligonucleotide primers specific for different regions of the hrp gene (hypersensitive reaction and pathogenicity) cluster of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria were designed and tested for amplification of dna isolated from a large number of different bacteria. dna sequences related to the hrp genes were successfully amplified from x. fragariae and from 28 pathovars of x. campestris. no dna amplification occurred with genomic dna from phytopathogenic strains of x. campestris ... | 1994 | 8017904 |
| a new, pathogen-inducible gene of arabidopsis is expressed in an ecotype-specific manner. | in this study we describe a novel gene, which was isolated in an attempt to search for specific plant resistance genes of arabidopsis against isolates of the phytopathogenic bacterium xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. the gene was cloned by differential screening of a genomic library of the xcc 750-resistant ecotype col-0, using cdna populations derived from ecotype col-0 and the xcc 750-susceptible ecotype oy-0. the isolated gene, cxc750, is differentially expressed in ecotypes of arabidop ... | 1994 | 8018872 |
| characterization of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) products from xanthomonas campestris and some comments on the use of rapd products in phylogenetic analysis. | as part of our research to determine phylogenetic relationships of organisms within the phytobacterial species xanthomonas campestris, we have examined the use of the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique. the objective of this aspect of our research was to determine if a valid cladistic character analysis could be carried out by direct comparison of rapd products separated on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. rapd products were amplified from 47 xanthomonas campestris dna templ ... | 1994 | 8075833 |
| characterization of two novel filamentous phages of xanthomonas. | two filamentous phages of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae were isolated and designated phi xv and phi xo, respectively. they were similar to other filamentous phages of xanthomonas in (i) shape, (ii) restrictive host specificity, (iii) high stability, (iv) an ssdna genome, (v) a dsdna as the replicative form (rf), (vi) propagation without lysis of host cells and (vii) ability to integrate into the host chromosome. these phages showed sequence homology to ... | 1994 | 8077961 |
| gene-for-genes interactions between cotton r genes and xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum avr genes. | six plasmid-borne avirulence (avr) genes were previously cloned from strain xcmh of the cotton pathogen, xanthomonas campestris pv. malvacearum. we have now localized all six avr genes on the cloned fragments by subcloning and tn5-gusa insertional mutagenesis. none of these avr genes appeared to exhibit exclusively gene-for-gene patterns of interactions with cotton r genes, and avrb4 was demonstrated to confer avr gene-for-r genes (plural) avirulence to x. c. pv. malvacearum on congenic cotton l ... | 1993 | 8097122 |
| biogenesis and regulation of the vibrio cholerae toxin-coregulated pilus: analogies to other virulence factor secretory systems. | biogenesis of the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) of vibrio cholerae 01 is essential for successful bacterial colonization of the small intestine. pilus assembly requires the products of at least seven genes located on the chromosome adjacent to the pilin-encoding gene, tcpa. previously reported tnphoa insertions in the tcp-assembly-deficient v. cholerae strains, kp2.21 and kp4.2, were isolated from the chromosome for further analysis. nucleotide sequencing of the tcpe::phoa and tcpf::phoa fusions ... | 1993 | 8097177 |
| nucleotide sequence determination, characterization and purification of the single-stranded dna-binding protein and major coat protein of filamentous phage phi lf of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. | phi lf is a filamentous bacteriophage of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, which can integrate its genome into the host chromosome. the nucleotide sequence of an ecorv-sphi fragment (1018 bp) from the phi lf replicative form dna was determined. four contiguous open reading frames (orfs), orf98-orf43-orf38-orf42, were revealed. orfs 98 and 42 were identified as the genes encoding a single-stranded dna-binding protein (sbp) and a major coat protein, respectively. sbp was purified and found to ... | 1994 | 8113723 |
| genetic analysis of escherichia coli o9 rfb: identification and dna sequence of phosphomannomutase and gdp-mannose pyrophosphorylase genes. | subcloning, transposon insertion, and deletion analysis revealed that the escherichia coli o9 rfb region is about 12 kb in size. the region encodes at least seven polypeptides of 89, 74, 55, 50, 44, 41 and 39.5 kda. southern hybridization analysis of rfb regions of e. coli o8 and o9, and klebsiella o3 and o5 serotypes (all of these o polysaccharides are mannose homopolymers and the structures of the repeating unit of e. coli o9 and klebsiella o3 are identical) showed that a central region specif ... | 1994 | 8162191 |
| isolation and characterization of a generalized transducing phage for xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. | we have isolated and characterized a lytic double-stranded dna xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris bacteriophage (xtp1) capable of mediating generalized transduction. the phage transduces chromosomal markers at frequencies of 10(-5) to 10(-6) transductants per pfu. we demonstrated its genetic utility by the isolation and cotransduction of linked transposon insertions to a nonselectable locus, xgl, required for the cleavage of 5-bromo-3-chloro-indoyl-beta-d-galactoside and showed that rif and s ... | 1994 | 8195091 |
| evidence of the specific molecular interactions between naringenin, nodd and nod-promoter. | this paper presents evidence that specific molecular interactions occur between three nod regulation elements: naringenin, nodd and nod-promoter. no such interactions were observed when the concentration of naringenin was less than 0.4 mm. however, remarkable molecular interactions were observed when naringenin was at 4.0 mm. the interactions were highly specific because no such interactions have been observed when naringenin was exposed at various concentrations to other promoter-regulatory pro ... | 1993 | 8199325 |
| purification and characterization of periplasmic alpha-amylase from xanthomonas campestris k-11151. | xanthomonas campestris k-11151, isolated from soil, produced a periplasmic alpha-amylase of a new type. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity, as shown by several criteria. the purified enzyme showed almost the same activities on alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins, soluble starch, and amylose. moreover, it was active on branched cyclodextrins, pullulan, and maltose but not on glycogen. kinetic analysis showed that alpha-cyclodextrin was the best substrate among the cyclodextrins. the substr ... | 1994 | 8206836 |
| a 3.9-kb dna region of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris that is necessary for lipopolysaccharide production encodes a set of enzymes involved in the synthesis of dtdp-rhamnose. | by mutational analysis it was found that a 3.9-kb smai-xhoii dna fragment of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is involved in lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis. lps samples isolated from different mutants carrying mutations in the 3.9-kb smai-xhoii dna fragment exhibited banding patterns in silver-stained sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels markedly different from that of the wild-type lps. moreover, comparison of the monosaccharide composition obtained by high-performance anion-e ... | 1993 | 8253667 |
| hrpi of erwinia amylovora functions in secretion of harpin and is a member of a new protein family. | hrpi, a 78-kda protein, functions in the secretion of harpin, a proteinaceous elicitor of the hypersensitive response from erwinia amylovora. the predicted amino acid sequence of hrpi is remarkably similar to that of lcrd of yersinia species, the first member of a recently described protein family. other proteins of the family are mixa from shigella flexneri, inva from salmonella typhimurium, flha from caulobacter crescentus, hrpi from pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, hrpo from pseudomonas sol ... | 1993 | 8253684 |
| avirulence gene avrrxv from xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria specifies resistance on tomato line hawaii 7998. | the molecular and genetic control of the interaction between tomato races of xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (xcvt) and tomato was studied. based on inoculation phenotype and analysis of in planta bacterial growth, tomato line hawaii 7998 is resistant to xcvt race 1 75-3 but not to xcvt race 2 89-1. two cosmid clones from a genomic library of xcvt race 1 75-3 converted the normally virulent race 2 89-1 to avirulence on hawaii 7998. the two clones contained the previously isolated, nonhost ... | 1993 | 8274773 |
| pathological and molecular characterizations of alfalfa interactions with compatible and incompatible bacteria, xanthomonas campestris pv. alfalfae and pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi. | we report on the interactions of alfalfa with xanthomonas campestris pv. alfalfae and pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi. a hypersensitive response was observed when leaves were infiltrated with p. s. pv. pisi, which remained strictly limited to the injected zone. the compatible interaction with x. c. pv. alfalfae was characterized by water-soaking symptoms and the spreading of the bacterium into the leaf blade. analyses of transcript accumulation were conducted with cdnas encoding enzymes involved i ... | 1993 | 8274775 |
| molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping, and sequence analysis of copper resistance genes from xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis: homology with small blue copper proteins and multicopper oxidase. | copper-resistant strains of xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis occur in walnut orchards throughout northern california. the copper resistance genes from a copper-resistant strain c5 of x. campestris pv. juglandis were cloned and located on a 4.9-kb clai fragment, which hybridized only to dna of copper-resistant strains of x. campestris pv. juglandis, and was part of an approximately 20-kb region which was conserved among such strains of x. campestris pv. juglandis. hybridization analysis indic ... | 1994 | 8282694 |
| molecular characterization, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the flio, flip, fliq, and flir genes of escherichia coli. | the flil operon of escherichia coli contains seven genes that are involved in the biosynthesis and functioning of the flagellar organelle. dna sequences for the first three genes of this operon have been reported previously. a 2.2-kb psti restriction fragment was shown to complement known mutant alleles of the flio, flip, fliq, and flir genes, the four remaining genes of the flil operon. four open reading frames were identified by dna sequence analysis and correlated to their corresponding genes ... | 1994 | 8282695 |
| differential expression of conserved protease genes in crucifer-attacking pathovars of xanthomonas campestris. | strains of xanthomonas campestris pathovars armoraciae and raphani, which cause leaf spotting diseases in brassicas, produce a major extracellular protease in liquid culture which was partially purified. the protease (prt 3) was a zinc-requiring metalloenzyme and was readily distinguishable from the two previously characterized proteases (prt 1 and prt 2) of x. campestris pv. campestris by the pattern of degradation of beta-casein and sensitivity to inhibitors. prt 3 was produced at a low level ... | 1993 | 8285704 |
| homology between the hrpo protein of pseudomonas solanacearum and bacterial proteins implicated in a signal peptide-independent secretion mechanism. | a region of approximately 22 kb of dna defines the large hrp gene cluster of strain gmi1000 of pseudomonas solanacearum. the majority of mutants that map to this region have lost the ability to induce disease symptoms on tomato plants and are no longer able to elicit a hypersensitive reaction (hr) on tobacco, a non-host plant. in this study we present the complementation analysis and nucleotide sequence of a 4772 bp region of this hrp gene cluster. three complete open reading frames (orfs) are p ... | 1993 | 8316211 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of 13 out genes from erwinia carotovora subspecies carotovora: genes encoding members of a general secretion pathway (gsp) widespread in gram-negative bacteria. | the chemical mutagen ethylmethanesulphonate (ems) has been used to generate mutants of erwinia carotovora subspecies carotovora which are defective in the secretion of pectinases (pel) and cellulases (cel) but unaltered for protease (prt) secretion. such mutants, called out-, still synthesize pel and cel but these enzymes accumulate within the periplasm. cosmid clones carrying wild-type e. carotovora ssp. carotovora dna, identified by their ability to restore the out+ phenotype when transferred ... | 1993 | 8326859 |
| amino acid sequence of extracellular acidic protease v5 of dichelobacter nodosus, the causative organism of ovine footrot. | dichelobacter nodosus, a gram-negative obligate anaerobe and the causative organism of ovine footrot, secretes a family of extracellular serine proteases with pi's in the range of 5.2 to 5.6 and a serine basic protease with a pi of approximately 9.5. the primary structure of acidic protease v5 (pi approximately 5.2) from d. nodosus virulent strain 198 was determined by direct amino acid sequencing. this protease consists of a single polypeptide chain of 347 amino acids, contains two disulfide bo ... | 1993 | 8330022 |
| characterization of glutathione transferase from xanthomonas campestris. | a single form of glutathione transferase (xc-gst-4.5) having an isoelectric point at ph 4.5 was resolved from xanthomonas campestris cytosol by affinity chromatography and isoelectric focusing. hplc,n-terminal amino acid sequence, and sds-page analyses indicate that xc-gst-4.5 is composed of two identical subunits, each with a molecular mass of 22 kda. as indicated by its substrate specificity, immunological reactivity, and cd spectra, as well as by its n-terminal amino acid sequence, xc-gst-4.5 ... | 1993 | 8342943 |
| the opsx locus of xanthomonas campestris affects host range and biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide and extracellular polysaccharide. | xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo strain 3048 is the causal agent of citrus bacterial leaf spot disease and has a wide host range that includes rutaceous and leguminous plants. a spontaneous prototrophic mutant of strain 3048 (strain m28) that had lost virulence on citrus but retained virulence on bean plants was recovered. growth studies in planta showed that m28 cells died rapidly in citrus leaves but grew normally in bean leaves. in addition to the loss of citrus-specific virulence, m28 di ... | 1993 | 8376331 |
| efficient transposon mutagenesis of xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris by high-voltage electroporation. | 1993 | 8386520 | |
| genetic stability and xanthan gum production in xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris nrrl b1459. | a transposon (tn5-sc) was constructed that can be used to quantify genetic deletions or amplifications. this transposon was used to evaluate the genomic stability of xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris nrrl b1459 and we found that the genome of this bacterium is as stable as other gram-negative bacteria or even more stable. homologous recombination between plasmid sequences was determined in strain nrrl b1459 and was found to occur at a similar level to that reported for other gram-negative ba ... | 1993 | 8395632 |
| a pleiotropic reduced virulence (rvi-) mutant of erwinia carotovora subspecies atroseptica is defective in flagella assembly proteins that are conserved in plant and animal bacterial pathogens. | erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica was mutagenized and assayed for virulence in planta. those mutants which exhibited reduced virulence (rvi-) were assayed for growth rate, auxotrophy and extracellular enzyme secretion and seven mutants were found to be wild type for all of these phenotypes. when screened for other phenotypes, two were found to be non-motile. one mutant was complemented for motility by a heterologous gene library. a 2.7kb xmaiii-clai complementing fragment was sequenced and t ... | 1993 | 8412685 |
| genetic analysis of the rhizobium meliloti exoyfq operon: exoy is homologous to sugar transferases and exoq represents a transmembrane protein. | the nucleotide sequence of a 4.8-kb clai-ecori dna fragment of megaplasmid 2 of rhizobium meliloti rm2011 involved in succinoglucan (eps i) synthesis and nodule infection was determined. four open reading frames (orfs) were identified on this fragment. a mutational analysis revealed that these orfs represent genes that were termed exox, exoy, exof, and exoq. the locations of transposon insertions in these exo genes were determined at the nucleotide level. plasmid integration mutagenesis revealed ... | 1993 | 8439670 |
| interaction of xanthomonas campestris with arabidopsis thaliana: characterization of a gene from x. c. pv. raphani that confers avirulence to most a. thaliana accessions. | infiltration of leaves of arabidopsis thaliana accession columbia with xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris leads to bacterial growth and disease symptoms reminiscent of those incited in brassica plants inoculated under the same conditions. a search among a. thaliana accessions for variation in the reaction phenotype to strains of x. campestris pathovars campestris, aberrans, and raphani showed that there were no clear differential responses between plant accessions to the individual bacte ... | 1993 | 8471795 |
| ecological and genetic analysis of copper and streptomycin resistance in pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. | strains of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae resistant to copper, streptomycin, or both compounds were recovered from symptomless and diseased tissue of four woody hosts in three nurseries in oklahoma. in strains resistant to copper and streptomycin (cur smr), resistance to both compounds was cotransferred with a single plasmid which was either 68, 190, or 220 kilobase pairs (kb). all cus smr strains contained a 68-kb conjugative plasmid. cur sms strains contained one plasmid which varied in siz ... | 1993 | 8476279 |
| detection of xanthomonas campestris pv. citri by the polymerase chain reaction method. | pfl1 is a puc9 derivative that contains a 572-bp ecori insert cloned from plasmid dna of xanthomonas campestris pv. citri xc62. the nucleotide sequence of pfl1 was determined, and the sequence information was used to design primers for application of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to the detection of x. campestris pv. citri, the causal agent of citrus bacterial canker disease. seven 18-bp oligonucleotide primers were designed and tested with dna from x. campestris pv. citri strains and othe ... | 1993 | 8476288 |
| resistance in tomato to xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria is determined by alleles of the pepper-specific avirulence gene avrbs3. | bacterial spot disease of tomato and pepper caused by xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria is prevented by resistance genes in the plant that match genes for avirulence in the bacterium. based on dna homology to the avirulence gene avrbs3, which induces the resistance response on pepper, we have isolated another avirulence gene from x. c. vesicatoria, designated avrbs3-2. this gene differs in specificity from avrbs3 in inducing the hypersensitive response on tomato but not on pepper. sequence a ... | 1993 | 8479432 |
| genetic and biochemical analysis of salmonella typhimurium flii, a flagellar protein related to the catalytic subunit of the f0f1 atpase and to virulence proteins of mammalian and plant pathogens. | flii is a salmonella typhimurium protein that is needed for flagellar assembly and may be involved in a specialized protein export pathway that proceeds without signal peptide cleavage. flii shows extensive sequence similarity to the catalytic beta subunit of the f0f1 atpase (a. p. volger, m. homma, v. m. irikura, and r. m. macnab, j. bacteriol. 173:3564-3572, 1991). it is even more similar to the spa47 protein of shigella flexneri (m. m. venkatesan, j. m. buysse, and e. v. oaks, j. bacteriol. 1 ... | 1993 | 8491729 |