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evaluation of knowledge about protection against crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever.this study was conducted in order to evaluate individuals' knowledge about protection against crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). this descriptive study was carried out among 478 persons, to whom a family health center located within boundaries of erzurum metropolitan municipality, provides health service. a questionnaire form developed by the researchers was used for collecting data. seventy-one point eight percent of individuals who participated in the study stated they had knowledge about ...201121706954
identification of a putative crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus entry factor.entry of enveloped viruses into cells is initiated by binding of their envelope glycoproteins (envs) to cell surface-associated receptors. the crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) has two envs, gn and gc, with poorly understood role in binding to susceptible cells. we expressed codon optimized gn and gc, and identified independently folded soluble env fragments, one of which (gc residues 180-300) bound cchfv susceptible cells supposedly by interacting with a putative receptor. this rece ...201121723257
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from humans, livestock, and picnic sites in the hyperendemic region of turkey.abstract during june and july 2007, about 3125 adult ticks were collected from humans, animals, and vegetation in a hyperendemic region (sivas and tokat) of turkey. a total of 2193 ticks were pooled in 225 pools and screened for the crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) presence by antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. infection rates were calculated as the maximum likelihood estimation with 95% confidence intervals (ci). the dominant tick species was found to be hyalomma ma ...201121736490
crimean congo hemorrhagic fever: requires vigilance and not panic.crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) has been in the news with reports of its outbreak in india from gujarat. cchf is caused by a virus which is a member of the nairovirus genus of the family bunyaviridae. all of these viruses are transmitted by either ixodid or argasid ticks. humans get this infection after a bite of an infected tick or from one infected human to another by contact with infectious blood or body fluids. workers in livestock and agriculture industry, slaughterhouses, and veteri ...201121751625
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in hyalommid ticks, northeastern kenya.as part of ongoing arbovirus surveillance, we screened ticks obtained from livestock in northeastern kenya in 2008 to assess the risk for human exposure to tick-borne viruses. of 1,144 pools of 8,600 hyalomma spp. ticks screened for congo-crimean hemorrhagic fever virus by reverse transcription pcr, 23 pools were infected, demonstrating a potential for human exposure.201121801635
Recent advances in the molecular and cellular biology of bunyaviruses.The family Bunyaviridae of segmented, negative-stranded RNA viruses includes over 350 members that infect a bewildering variety of animals and plants. Many of these bunyaviruses are the causative agents of serious disease in their respective hosts, and are classified as emerging viruses because of their increased incidence in new populations and geographical locations throughout the world. Emerging bunyaviruses, such as Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tomato spotted wilt virus and Rift Va ...201121865443
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever serosurvey in at-risk professionals, madagascar, 2008 and 2009.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a zoonotic arboviral infection with hemorrhagic manifestation and often a fatal ending. human become infected mainly through tick bite or by crushing infected tick, by contact with blood or tissues from viraemic livestock or patient. cchf virus (cchfv) has been isolated once in madagascar but data on the epidemiology of the disease in the country are very scarce.201121889395
tick cell lines for study of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus and other arboviruses.abstract continuous cell lines derived from many of the vectors of tick-borne arboviruses of medical and veterinary importance are now available. their role as tools in arbovirus research to date is reviewed and their potential application in studies of tick cell responses to virus infection is explored, by comparison with recent progress in understanding mosquito immunity to arbovirus infection. a preliminary study of propagation of the human pathogen crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cc ...201121955214
Bacterial expression of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus nucleoprotein and its evaluation as a diagnostic reagent in an indirect ELISA.Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis distributed widely in Africa, Asia, Russia and the Balkans. The emergence and re-emergence of CCHFV emphasize the importance of increasing both human and veterinary surveillance and developing diagnostic capacity. Recombinant CCHFV nucleocapsid protein (NP) has been expressed using insect cells and mammalian cells and used as a diagnostic tool but bacterial expression has not been described previously. The S gene of CCH ...201222001274
re-emergence of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in central africa.crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a severe tick-borne disease well recognized through europe and asia where diagnostic tests and medical surveillance are available. however, it is largely neglected in africa, especially in the tropical rainforest of central africa where only sporadic human cases have been reported and date back to more than 30 years. we describe here an isolated human case that occurred in the democratic republic of the congo in 2008 and performed phylogenetic analysis t ...201122022629
Hazara virus infection is lethal for adult type I interferon receptor-knockout mice and may act as a surrogate for infection with the human pathogenic Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus.Hazara virus (HAZV) is closely related to Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHFV). HAZV has not been reported to cause human disease; work with infectious material can be carried out at containment level (CL)-2. By contrast, CCHFV causes a haemorrhagic fever in humans and requires CL-4 facilities. A disease model of HAZV infection in mice deficient in the type I interferon receptor is reported in this study. Dose response effects were seen, with higher doses resulting in a shorter time to ...201122090213
inhibition of interferon induction and action by the nairovirus nairobi sheep disease virus/ganjam virus.the nairoviruses are an important group of tick-borne viruses that includes pathogens of man (crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus) and livestock animals (dugbe virus, nairobi sheep disease virus (nsdv)). nsdv is found in large parts of east africa and the indian subcontinent (where it is known as ganjam virus). we have investigated the ability of nsdv to antagonise the induction and actions of interferon. both pathogenic and apathogenic isolates could actively inhibit the induction of type 1 i ...201122163042
seroepidemiological study of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever in greece, 2009-2010.clin microbiol infect abstract: to estimate endemic areas for crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) in greece, a country-wide seroepidemiological study was conducted, and 1611 human sera were prospectively collected along with data regarding possible risk factors for acquisition of infection, and tested for cchf virus igg antibodies by elisa. the overall seroprevalence was 4.2%, with significant differences among prefectures, ranging from 0 to 27.5%. multivariate analysis revealed that slaught ...201122192082
possible drivers of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus transmission in kosova.abstract crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) has long been a disease of concern in kosova; however, little is known about the enzootic cycles of the virus in this country. since the first documented case in 1954, sporadic cases and occasional outbreaks have been recorded with cases more consistently reported following the conflict in 1999. cchf virus exists in enzootic cycles between wild animal species and ticks. the infection rates within ticks and hence the exposure to humans is determin ...201222217174
development of a real-time rt-pcr assay for the detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus.abstract crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a virulent tick-borne disease with a case fatality rate ranging from 10-50% for tick-borne transmission, and up to 80% for nosocomial transmission. human cases have been reported in over 30 countries across europe, asia, and africa. it appears to be spreading to new areas with several countries reporting their first human cases of cchf disease within the past 10 years. we report a novel real-time rt-pcr assay designed to amplify a conserved re ...201222217175
tick-borne viruses in europe.the aim of this review is to present briefly background information on 27 tick-borne viruses ("tiboviruses") that have been detected in europe, viz flaviviruses tick-borne encephalitis (tbev), louping-ill (liv), tyuleniy (tyuv), and meaban (meav); orthobunyaviruses bahig (bahv) and matruh (mtrv); phleboviruses grand arbaud (gav), ponteves (ptvv), uukuniemi (uukv), zaliv terpeniya (ztv), and st. abb's head (sahv); nairoviruses soldado (solv), puffin island (piv), avalon (avav), clo mor (cmv), cri ...201222526290
detection, isolation and confirmation of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in human, ticks and animals in ahmadabad, india, 2010-2011.in january 2011, human cases with hemorrhagic manifestations in the hospital staff were reported from a tertiary care hospital in ahmadabad, india. this paper reports a detailed epidemiological investigation of nosocomial outbreak from the affected area of ahmadabad, gujarat, india.201222616022
molecular detection of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks collected from infested livestock populations in a new endemic area, south of iran.crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a viral zoonotic disease with potentially fatal systemic effects on man. we aimed to determine the presence of cchf virus among collected ticks from domestic livestock from october 2012 to september 2013.201626758985
host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals.the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ...201728636590
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