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exoerythrocytic development of plasmodium gallinaceum in the white leghorn chicken.plasmodium gallinaceum typically causes sub-clinical disease with low mortality in its primary host, the indian jungle fowl gallus sonnerati. domestic chickens of european origin, however, are highly susceptible to this avian malaria parasite. here we describe the development of p. gallinaceum in young white leghorn chicks with emphasis on the primary exoerythrocytic phase of the infection. using various regimens for infection, we found that p. gallinaceum induced a transient primary exoerythroc ...200818005972
change of serum transferrin receptor due to malarial infection, an experiment in plasmodium gallinaceum infected chicken model.the serum transferrin receptor (stfr) concentration in an individual reflects the extent of erythropoietic activity and is considered as an useful marker of iron deficiency independent of concurrent inflammation or infection. however, data on the impact of malaria on this parameter are ambiguous.200718092532
expression of a mutated phospholipase a2 in transgenic aedes fluviatilis mosquitoes impacts plasmodium gallinaceum development.the genetic manipulation of mosquito vectors is an alternative strategy in the fight against malaria. it was previously shown that bee venom phospholipase a2 (pla2) inhibits ookinete invasion of the mosquito midgut although mosquito fitness was reduced. to maintain the pla2 blocking ability without compromising mosquito biology, we mutated the protein-coding sequence to inactivate the enzyme while maintaining the protein's structure. dna encoding the mutated pla2 (mpla2) was placed downstream of ...200818353106
the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum causes marked structural changes on the surface of its host erythrocyte.using a combination of atomic force, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, we found that avian erythrocytes infected with the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum develop approximately 60 nm wide and approximately 430 nm long furrow-like structures on the surface. furrows begin to appear during the early trophozoite stage of the parasite's development. they remain constant in size and density during the course of parasite maturation and are uniformly distributed in random orien ...200818442920
proteomic analysis of zygote and ookinete stages of the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum delineates the homologous proteomes of the lethal human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum.delineation of the complement of proteins comprising the zygote and ookinete, the early developmental stages of plasmodium within the mosquito midgut, is fundamental to understand initial molecular parasite-vector interactions. the published proteome of plasmodium falciparum does not include analysis of the zygote/ookinete stages, nor does that of p. berghei include the zygote stage or secreted proteins. p. gallinaceum zygote, ookinete, and ookinete-secreted/released protein samples were prepare ...200818563747
ampelozyziphus amazonicus ducke (rhamnaceae), a medicinal plant used to prevent malaria in the amazon region, hampers the development of plasmodium berghei sporozoites.most medicinal plants used against malaria in endemic areas aim to treat the acute symptoms of the disease such as high temperature fevers with periodicity and chills. in some endemic areas of the brazilian amazon region one medicinal plant seems to be an exception: ampelozyziphus amazonicus, locally named "indian beer" or "saracura-mira", used to prevent the disease when taken daily as a cold suspension of powdered dried roots. in previous work we found no activity of the plant extracts against ...200818599059
biliverdin production in chickens infected with the malarial parasite plasmodium gallinaceum.chickens infected with the malarial parasite plasmodium gallinceum produced green droppings: the predominant pigment was biliverdin. droppings of identical appearance were produced by chicks injected with phenylhydrazine, a haemolytic agent: it is concluded that the catabolism of haemoglobin resulting at least in part from malarial haemolysis produces excess bile pigments which appear in the droppings. other chicken diseases in which green droppings are "a characteristic objective symptom are fo ...198518766933
the prolonged viability of sporozoites of plasmodium gallinaceum in extracts washed chicken erythrocytes. 194818865904
studies on parasite-host interplay between plasmodium gallinaceum and the chicken as influenced by hydroxynaphthoquinones. 194818905214
the relation between pantothenic acid and plasmodium gallinaceum infections in the chicken and the antimalarial activity of analogues of pantothenic acid. 194620277198
cultivation of the erythrocytic form of plasmodium gallinaceum in tissue cultures of embryonic chicken brain. 194720344386
blocking of plasmodium transmission by cooperative action of cecropin a and defensin a in transgenic aedes aegypti mosquitoes.to overcome burden of mosquito-borne diseases, multiple control strategies are needed. population replacement with genetically modified mosquitoes carrying antipathogen effector genes is one of the possible approaches for controlling disease transmission. however, transgenic mosquitoes with antipathogen phenotypes based on overexpression of a single type effector molecule are not efficient in interrupting pathogen transmission. here, we show that co-overexpression of two antimicrobial peptides ( ...201020385844
pathogenic action of plasmodium gallinaceum in chickens: brain histology and nitric oxide production by blood monocyte-derived macrophages.plasmodium infection causes major losses to animal and human populations. the characterization of experimental malaria models is needed for a better understanding of disease mechanisms and the development of new treatment protocols. chickens infected with plasmodium gallinaceum constitute an adequate malaria model due to the phylogenetic proximity of this parasite to human plasmodium as well as similarities in disease manifestation, such as cerebral malaria. the aim of the present study was to f ...201020537466
plasmodium gallinaceum and subsequent eimeria acervulina infections in chickens are not synergistic.twenty-three years age, the first and only report of synergism between malarial and coccidial infections in chickens was published. in view of the potential commercial importance of this possible parasitic interaction in some parts of the world, and the lack of further supporting publications, this disease complex has now been reconsidered. an experiment on plasmodium gallinaceum and eimeria acervulina revealed no interaction of any kind between these species and a re-examination, with statistic ...198520821868
increased parasitemia in chicken malaria (plasmodium gallinaceum and plasmodium lophurae) following x-irradiation. 194521003565
susceptibility of anopheles stephensi to plasmodium gallinaceum: a trait of the mosquito, the parasite, and the environment.vector susceptibility to plasmodium infection is treated primarily as a vector trait, although it is a composite trait expressing the joint occurrence of the parasite and the vector with genetic contributions of both. a comprehensive approach to assess the specific contribution of genetic and environmental variation on "vector susceptibility" is lacking. here we developed and implemented a simple scheme to assess the specific contributions of the vector, the parasite, and the environment to "vec ...201121694762
identification and expression of maebl, an erythrocyte-binding gene, in plasmodium gallinaceum.avian malaria is of significant ecological importance and serves as a model system to study broad patterns of host switching and host specificity. the erythrocyte invasion mechanism of the malaria parasite plasmodium is mediated, in large part, by proteins of the erythrocyte-binding-like (ebl) family of genes. however, little is known about how these genes are conserved across different species of plasmodium, especially those that infect birds. using bioinformatical methods in conjunction with p ...201323224610
chickens treated with a nitric oxide inhibitor became more resistant to plasmodium gallinaceum infection due to reduced anemia, thrombocytopenia and inflammation.malaria is a serious infectious disease caused by parasites of the plasmodium genus that affect different vertebrate hosts. severe malaria leads to host death and involves different pathophysiological phenomena such as anemia, thrombocytopenia and inflammation. nitric oxide (no) is an important effector molecule in this disease, but little is known about its role in avian malaria models. plasmodium gallinaceum-infected chickens were treated with aminoguanidine (ag), an inhibitor of inducible nit ...201323398940
in vivo transmission blocking activities of artesunate on the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum.infection and transmission of the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum in domestic chickens is associated with high economic burden and presents a major challenge to poultry industry in south east asia. development of drugs targeting both asexual blood stage parasites and sexual stages of the avian malarias will be beneficial for malaria treatment and eradication. however, current drugs recommended for treatment of the avian malaria parasites target specifically the asexual blood stage ...201323937960
loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of histomonas meleagridis infection in chickens targeting the 18s rrna sequences.histomonas meleagridis is the causative agent of histomonosis, a disease of gallinaceous fowl characterized by necrotic typhlitis, hepatitis, and high mortality. to develop a rapid and sensitive method for specific detection of h. meleagridis, an assay based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) targeting the 18s rrna gene was established. the detection limit of the lamp assay was 10 copies for standard plasmids containing an 18s rrna gene fragment, which was superior to that of a cla ...201424320623
loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of histomonas meleagridis infection in chickens targeting the 18s rrna sequences.histomonas meleagridis is the causative agent of histomonosis, a disease of gallinaceous fowl characterized by necrotic typhlitis, hepatitis, and high mortality. to develop a rapid and sensitive method for specific detection of h. meleagridis, an assay based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) targeting the 18s rrna gene was established. the detection limit of the lamp assay was 10 copies for standard plasmids containing an 18s rrna gene fragment, which was superior to that of a cla ...201324325302
transcriptome sequencing and analysis of plasmodium gallinaceum reveals polymorphisms and selection on the apical membrane antigen-1.plasmodium erythrocyte invasion genes play a key role in malaria parasite transmission, host-specificity and immuno-evasion. however, the evolution of the genes responsible remains understudied. investigating these genes in avian malaria parasites, where diversity is particularly high, offers new insights into the processes that confer malaria pathogenesis. these parasites can pose a significant threat to birds and since birds play crucial ecological roles they serve as important models for dise ...201425261185
effects of artesunate treatment on plasmodium gallinaceum transmission in the vectors aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus.in the absence of vaccines, chemotherapy is an effective and economical way for controlling malaria. development of anti-malarial drugs that target pathogenic blood stage parasites and gametocytes is preferable for the treatment as it can alleviate the host's morbidity and mortality and block transmission of the plasmodium parasite. recently, our laboratory has developed an in vivo transmission blocking assay that involves administration of 7 consecutive daily doses of a test compound into domes ...201525466617
molecular detection of the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum in thailand.avian malaria is one of the most common veterinary problems in southeast asia. the standard molecular method for detection of the avian malaria parasite involves the phenol-chloroform extraction of parasite genomic (g)dna followed by the amplification of parasite gdna using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). however, the phenol-chloroform extraction method is time-consuming and requires large amounts of samples and toxic organic solvents, thereby limiting its applications for parasite detection in ...201525868848
development of malaria transmission-blocking vaccines: from concept to product.despite decades of effort battling against malaria, the disease is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. transmission-blocking vaccines (tbvs) that target sexual stage parasite development could be an integral part of measures for malaria elimination. in the 1950s, huff et al. first demonstrated the induction of transmission-blocking immunity in chickens by repeated immunizations with plasmodium gallinaceum-infected red blood cells. since then, significant progress has been made in ide ...201526003037
artesunate-tafenoquine combination therapy promotes clearance and abrogates transmission of the avian malaria parasite plasmodium gallinaceum.clinical manifestations of malaria infection in vertebrate hosts arise from the multiplication of the asexual stage parasites in the blood, while the gametocytes are responsible for the transmission of the disease. antimalarial drugs that target the blood stage parasites and transmissible gametocytes are rare, but are essentially needed for the effective control of malaria and for limiting the spread of resistance. artemisinin and its derivatives are the current first-line antimalarials that are ...201728043395
vector competence of aedes albopictus (skuse) and aedes aegypti (linnaeus) for plasmodium gallinaceum infection and transmission.avian malaria caused by plasmodium gallinaceum is an important mosquito-borne disease. eradication of this disease remains problematic since its competent vectors are diverse and widely distributed across the globe. several mosquito species were implicated as competent vectors for this parasite. however, studies on vector competence for p. gallinaceum remain limited. in this study, vector competence in the two most predominant mosquito vectors in tropical countries, aedes albopictus and ae. aegy ...201728579025
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