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mitochondrial handling of excess ca2+ is substrate-dependent with implications for reactive oxygen species generation.the mitochondrial electron transport chain is the major source of reactive oxygen species (ros) during cardiac ischemia. several mechanisms modulate ros production; one is mitochondrial ca(2+) uptake. here we sought to elucidate the effects of extramitochondrial ca(2+) (e[ca(2+)]) on ros production (measured as h(2)o(2) release) from complexes i and iii. mitochondria isolated from guinea pig hearts were preincubated with increasing concentrations of cacl(2) and then energized with the complex i ...201323010495
detection and imaging the expression of the trans-membrane protein cd44 in rt112 cells by use of enzyme-labeled antibodies and secm.the deposition of human rt112 cells in a patterned fashion onto glass substrates and subsequent imaging of the expression of the trans-membrane protein cd44 have been studied using scanning electrochemical microscopy (secm). patterns of rt112 cells derived from a transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder could be deposited on amino-modified glass substrates by cytospinning. these were then treated with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) labeled secondary antibodies to the trans-membrane protein cd44. ...201323017674
acute effects of mustard, horseradish, black pepper and ginger on energy expenditure, appetite, ad libitum energy intake and energy balance in human subjects.chilli peppers have been shown to enhance diet-induced thermogenesis (dit) and reduce energy intake (ei) in some studies, but there are few data on other pungent spices. the primary aim of the present study was to test the acute effects of black pepper (pepper), ginger, horseradish and mustard in a meal on 4 h postprandial dit. the secondary aim was to examine the effects on subjective appetite measures, ad libitum ei and energy balance. in a five-way placebo-controlled, single-blind, cross-over ...201323021155
purification of a recombinant plant peroxidase produced in pichia pastoris by a simple 2-step strategy.the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (hrp), which is frequently applied in industry and medicine, is primarily isolated from plant. this purification procedure is costly and the obtainable amount of hrp from the horseradish root is low. however, recombinant hrp (rhrp) produced in yeast is hyperglycosylated rendering the subsequent purification cumbersome and the recombinant production of hrp in yeast not competitive. in this study, we screened different common techniques to develop a fast and effic ...201223026679
immobilization of unraveled immunoglobulin g using well-oriented zz-his protein on functionalized microtiter plate for sensitive immunoassay.highly efficient protein immobilization is extremely crucial for solid-phase immunoassays. we present a strategy for oriented immobilization of functionally intact immunoglobulin g (igg) on a polystyrene microtiter plate via iminodiacetic acid (ida)-ni(2+) and zz-his protein interaction. we immobilized a zz-eap (escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase)-his fusion protein, which exhibits fc binding, his tag, and intrinsic ap activities, and analyzed it against the interaction between rabbit igg ant ...201323026778
electron microscopy of endocytic pathways.detailed insight into the fine structure and 3d-architecture of the complex and dynamic compartments of the endocytic system is essential for a morpho-functional analysis of retrograde traffic from the cell surface to different intracellular destinations. here, we describe a cytochemical approach for electron microscopic exploration of endocytic pathways with the use of wheat germ agglutinin (wga) in combination with either conventional chemical fixation or ultrafast physical fixation of the cel ...201323027016
electrochemical immunosensing platform for dna methyltransferase activity analysis and inhibitor screening.in this paper, we developed a novel electrochemical method to quantify dna methyltransferase (mtase) and analyze dna mtase activity. after the double dna helix structure was assembled on the surface of gold nanoparticle modified glassy carbon electrode, it was first methylated by m. sssi mtase and then digested by restriction endonuclease hpaii, which could not recognize the methylated cpg site. successively, anti-5-methylcytosine antibody was specifically conjugated on the cpg methylation site ...201223030620
a highly sensitive and temporal visualization system for gaseous ethanol with chemiluminescence enhancer.a two-dimensional gaseous ethanol visualization system has been developed and demonstrated using a horseradish peroxidase-luminol-hydrogen peroxide system with high-purity luminol solution and a chemiluminescence (cl) enhancer. this system measures ethanol concentrations as intensities of cl via the luminol reaction. cl was emitted when the gaseous ethanol was injected onto an enzyme-immobilized membrane, which was employed as a screen for two-dimensional gas visualization. the average intensity ...201123044769
co-oxidation by cyclooxygenases.cyclooxygenases (coxs; prostaglandin h(2) synthases) catalyze the bis-dioxygenation of arachidonic acid (aa) to generate prostaglandin (pg) g(2) followed by the peroxidative cleavage of pgg(2) to yield pgh(2), the precursor to all of the vasoactive pgs. these enzymes utilize a fe-protoporhyrin ix (heme) co-factor to catalyze peroxide bond cleavage, which puts the fe at a higher oxidation state (fe(3+) → fe(5+)). the heme fe requires two electrons (e(-)) to return to its resting state (fe(3+)) fo ...200923045015
development of an epitope-based competitive elisa for the detection of antibodies against tibetan peste des petits ruminants virus.to develop an effective diagnostic kit, based on a competitive elisa-based system (celisa), for detecting serum antibody against peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv).201323052035
development of an enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay (clia) for detecting urinary albumin.in the present study, a sensitive and competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay (clia) was developed in order to detect human serum albumin (hsa) in urine specimen. the method utilizes a home-made monoclonal anti-albumin antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase enzyme (mab-hrp). sensitivity, specificity and linearity of the assay were evaluated. according to the results, the proper concentration of hsa and mab-hrp conjugates was 800 ng/100 μl and 1:200 respectively. in optimal conditions, t ...201223053982
living target of ce(iii) action on horseradish cells: proteins on/in cell membrane.positive and negative effects of rare earth elements (rees) in life have been reported in many papers, but the cellular mechanisms have not been answered, especially the action sites of rees on plasma membrane are unknown. proteins on/in the plasma membrane perform main functions of the plasma membrane. cerium (ce) is the richest rees in crust. thus, the interaction between ce(iii) and the proteins on/in the plasma membrane, the morphology of protoplast, and the contents of nutrient elements in ...201223054867
high selective and sensitive capillary electrophoresis-based electrochemical immunoassay enhanced by gold nanoparticles.a novel capillary electrophoresis (ce)-based electrochemical (ec) immunoassay (ia) enhanced by gold nanoparticles (aunps) was developed for the determination of shellfish toxins. after competitive immunoreaction between shellfish toxin antigen (ag), horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-labeled antigen (ag*), and limited antibody (ab), the immune sample was introduced into capillary and conjugated with aunps. the presence of aunps modifies the mobilities of analytes and improves separation resolution bet ...201323062557
a surface-initiated enzymatic polymerization strategy for electrochemical dna sensors.in this work, we report a novel strategy of electrochemical dna (e-dna) sensor based on surface initiated enzymatic polymerization (siep). this dna sensor employs a capture dna probe labeled with thiol at its 3' terminal to be immobilized at gold electrode via gold-thiol chemistry. oligo (ethylene glycol) -terminated thiols (sh-oegs) are then used to prepare an oligonucleotide-incorporated nonfouling surface (ons). after the sequence-specific recognition of target dna, terminal deoxynucleotidyl ...201323069356
target-dependence of sensory neurons: an ultrastructural comparison of axotomised dorsal root ganglion neurons with allowed or denied reinnervation of peripheral targets.evidence is emerging for a role of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) in the form of stress granules, the unfolded protein response and protein bodies in the response of neurons to injury and in neurodegenerative diseases. here, we have studied the role of the peripheral target in regulating the rer and polyribosomes of nissl bodies in axotomised adult cat dorsal root ganglion (drg) neurons where axonal regeneration and peripheral target reinnervation was either allowed or denied. retrograde labe ...201323079627
aquaporin-4 expression and blood-spinal cord barrier permeability in canalicular syringomyelia.noncommunicating canalicular syringomyelia occurs in up to 65% of patients with chiari malformation type i. the pathogenesis of this type of syringomyelia is poorly understood and treatment is not always effective. although it is generally thought that syringomyelia is simply an accumulation of csf from the subarachnoid space, the pathogenesis is likely to be more complex and may involve cellular and molecular processes. aquaporin-4 (aqp4) has been implicated in numerous cns pathological conditi ...201223082850
efficacy and safety of a combination herbal medicinal product containing tropaeoli majoris herba and armoraciae rusticanae radix for the prophylactic treatment of patients with respiratory tract diseases: a randomised, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase iii trial.the aim of this ich-gcp study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a prophylactic administration of a combination herbal medicinal product (chmp) in two dosages compared to placebo with respect to the incidence of new occurring infections of the respiratory tract (rti). clinical experience of prophylactic treatment of respiratory tract infections with the marketed chmp containing horseradish root (armoraciae rusticanae radix) and nasturtium (tropaeoli majoris herba) has existed for deca ...201223083066
a gel-based visual immunoassay for non-instrumental detection of chloramphenicol in food samples.a gel-based non-instrumental immuno-affinity assay was developed for the rapid screening of chloramphenicol (cap) in food samples with the limit of detection (lod) of 1 μg l(-1). the immuno-affinity test column (iatc) consisted of a test layer containing anti-cap antibody coupled gel, and a control layer with anti-hrp antibody coupled gel. based on the direct competitive immuno-reaction and the horseradish peroxidase enzymatic reaction, the test results could be evaluated visually. basically, bl ...201223084061
mouse liver protein sulfhydryl depletion after acetaminophen exposure.acetaminophen (apap)-induced liver injury is the leading cause of acute liver failure in many countries. this study determined the extent of liver protein sulfhydryl depletion not only in whole liver homogenate but also in the zonal pattern of sulfhydryl depletion within the liver lobule. a single oral gavage dose of 150 or 300 mg/kg apap in b6c3f1 mice produced increased serum alanine aminotransferase levels, liver necrosis, and glutathione depletion in a dose-dependent manner. free protein sul ...201323093024
total parenteral nutrition induces a shift in the firmicutes to bacteroidetes ratio in association with paneth cell activation in rats.the use of total parenteral nutrition (tpn) in the treatment of critically ill patients has been the subject of debate because it has been associated with disturbances in intestinal homeostasis. important factors in maintaining intestinal homeostasis are the intestinal microbiota and paneth cells, which exist in a mutually amendable relationship. we hypothesized that the disturbed intestinal homeostasis in tpn-fed individuals results from an interplay between a shift in microbiota composition an ...201223096015
catalytic activity and stability of glucose oxidase/horseradish peroxidase co-confined in macroporous silica foam.investigation of the catalytic activity and stability of enzymes in confined nano/microspace provides valuable contributions to the fundamental understanding of biological reactions taking place on a mesoscopic scale within confined spaces. in this paper, macroporous silica foam (msf) is used as a nanoreactor to co-confine glucose oxidase (god) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp). then, the enzymatic cascade reactions, which act in tandem inside nanoreactors, for oxidation of glucose and 3,3',5,5'- ...201223096254
[effect of conditions of monoclonal antibody adsorption on antigen-binding activity].the dependence of the antigen-binding activity of immobilized antibodies on ph of a saturating buffer has been investigated. we analyzed 28 monoclonal antibodies (mcas) produced by various hybridomas to three virus antigens, i.e., the nuclear p23 protein of hepatitis c virus (c core protein p23), p24 protein of hiv 1, and the surface antigen of hepatitis b virus (hbsag). antibodies were adsorbed on the surfaces of immune plates in acidic (ph 2.8), neutral (ph 7.5), and alkaline (ph 9.5) buffers. ...201223101395
enzyme mimics of au/ag nanoparticles for fluorescent detection of acetylcholine.we have developed a highly sensitive and selective fluorescent assay for the detection of acetylcholine (ach) based on enzyme mimics of au/ag nanoparticles (nps). these nps were prepared via a one-step solution phase reaction between 13 nm au nps and ag(+) ions in the presence of stabilizing agents such as adenosine triphosphate (atp) and polyethylene glycol (peg). our sensing strategy involves reacting ach with acetylcholinesterase (ache) to form choline that is in turn oxidized by choline oxid ...201223101755
single turnover studies of oxidative halophenol dehalogenation by horseradish peroxidase reveal a mechanism involving two consecutive one electron steps: toward a functional halophenol bioremediation catalyst.horseradish peroxidase (hrp) catalyzes the oxidative para-dechlorination of the environmental pollutant/carcinogen 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp). a possible mechanism for this reaction is a direct oxygen atom transfer from hrp compound i (hrp i) to trichlorophenol to generate 2,6-dichloro 1,4-benzoquinone, a two-electron transfer process. an alternative mechanism involves two consecutive one-electron transfer steps in which hrp i is reduced to compound ii (hrp ii) and then to the ferric enzy ...201223102773
signal-amplified platform for electrochemical immunosensor based on tio2 nanotube arrays using a hrp tagged antibody-au nanoparticles as probe.in this study, a novel signal-amplified electrochemical immunosensor was proposed by using tio(2) nanotube (tint) arrays as the platform. due to the distinct tubular features-large surface area, high pore volume and good electrochemical conductivity, the tint based electrodes exhibited excellent signal-amplified effects. gold nanoparticle (aunp) was further utilized to bind horseradish peroxidase (hrp) tagged antibodies as recognition elements. compared to the immunosensor based on either flat e ...201323102831
quantification of urinary urate with alkylamine glass-bound uricase and arylamine glass-bound peroxidase.uric acid in urine was analyzed using porcine liver uricase and horseradish peroxidase immobilized on alkylamine and arylamine glass beads (pore diameter 55nm) respectively. the minimum detection limit was 5.0mg/0.1 ml urine. the recovery of added uric acid was 92%. within and between assay cvs were <1.3% and <5.3% respectively. a good correlation (r=0.93) was found between urinary urate values obtained by a commercial kit method and the present method. the uric acid in 24hr urine of apparently ...200323105367
development of polyclonal antibody-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of alicyclobacillus strains in apple juice.a sort of specific polyclonal anti-alicyclobacillus antibody was generated by immunizing new zealand white rabbits, and a sensitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for alicyclobacillus detection in apple juice. a set of experimental parameters such as concentration of antigen, dilutions of the antibody and goat anti-rabbit igg-horseradish peroxidase conjugate, selection of the blocking reagent, incubation time, and temperature was optimized. the cross-reactivity ...201223106215
dioxetane-doped silica nanoparticles as ultrasensitive reagentless thermochemiluminescent labels for bioanalytics.thermochemiluminescence (tcl; the light emission originating by the thermally triggered decomposition of a molecule) was proposed in the late 1980s as a detection technique for immunoassays. however, after little pioneering work, this technique was abandoned because of the high temperatures required and the poor detectability in comparison to other labels. here we describe for the first time a thermochemiluminescent acridine-based 1,2-dioxetane with a remarkably low (i.e., below 100 °c) emission ...201223121217
an amperometric biosensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide released from human breast cancer cells.the rapid, accurate and sensitive determination of hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) is of great significance in the physiological, pathological and environmental fields. in this work, we have proposed a highly sensitive and selective amperometric biosensor for the detection of extracellular h(2)o(2) released from human breast cancer cells with the help of a sequence-specific peptide. since the peptide immobilized on the electrode surface can specifically bind with horseradish peroxidase (hrp) in a f ...201323122755
projections of the superior colliculus to the pulvinar in prosimian galagos (otolemur garnettii) and vglut2 staining of the visual pulvinar.an understanding of the organization of the pulvinar complex in prosimian primates has been somewhat elusive due to the lack of clear architectonic divisions. in the current study we reveal features of the organization of the pulvinar complex in galagos by examining superior colliculus (sc) projections to this structure and comparing them with staining patterns of the vesicular glutamate transporter, vglut2. cholera toxin subunit β (ctb), fluoro-ruby (fr), and wheat germ agglutinin conjugated wi ...201323124867
stabilization of enzymatically polymerized phenolic chemicals in a model soil organic matter-free geomaterial.a variety of remediation methods, including contaminant transformation by peroxidase-mediated oxidative polymerization, have been proposed to manage soils and groundwater contaminated with chlorinated phenols. phenol stabilization has been successfully observed during cross polymerization between phenolic polymers and soil organic matter (som) for soils with som >3%. this study evaluates peroxidase-mediated transformation and removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (dcp) from an aqueous phase in contact w ...201223128748
zonal distribution of perforant path cells in layer iii of the entorhinal area projecting to ca1 and subiculum in the rat.the distribution pattern of the cells that give rise to perforant path projections, including direct entorhino-ca1 and entorhino-subicular projections, was investigated in layer iii of the medial and lateral entorhinal areas in the rat using retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin and cholera toxin b subunit. using two-dimensional unfolded maps of the entire hippocampal and parahippocampal fields, we found that cells projecting to a certain septotempor ...201223131426
elcr: electrochemical detection of single dna base changes via ligase chain reaction.simple, inexpensive and wide-scaled analysis of single dna base changes ('point mutations' which include snp's, somatic mutations and epigenetic changes) is one of the holy grail's of point-of-care diagnostics. herein, we present elcr: a simple methodology that fuses ligase chain reaction (lcr) with electrochemical detection based on dna-mediated charge transport. lcr generates long and short "knife" motifs representing the presence or absence of single dna base changes, which are then detected ...201223133830
blood-brain barrier, epileptogenesis, and treatment strategies in cortical dysplasia.cortical dysplasia (cd) is one of the most important causes of intractable epilepsy. the precise mechanisms of epileptogenesis in cd are not known. using cd animal models, we attempted to understand the mechanisms and efficacy of various antiepileptic drugs. in two separate studies, we assessed (1) the effects of levetiracetam (lev) and vagus nerve stimulation (vns) on pentylenetetrazol (ptz)-kindled rats, and (2) the effects of lev and topiramate (tpm) on rats with cd and hyperthermia (ht). in ...201223134493
metabolism of diclofenac in plants--hydroxylation is followed by glucose conjugation.pharmaceuticals from human or veterinary medication form a new class of micropollutants that poses a serious threat to our aquatic environment and its organisms. the intensively used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac is found in the environment worldwide due to its poor elimination during waste water treatment processes. in order to test phytoremediation as a tool for the removal of this drug from waste water, the uptake of the compound into plant tissues and its metabolic pathway w ...201223137548
reactivity of chemical respiratory allergens in the peroxidase peptide reactivity assay.sensitizing chemicals are commonly associated primarily with either skin or respiratory sensitization. in the direct peptide reactivity assay (dpra), when compared with skin sensitizers, respiratory allergens have been demonstrated to selectively react with lysine rather than cysteine. the peroxidase peptide reactivity assay (ppra) has been developed as a refinement to the dpra. the ppra incorporates dose-response analyses, mass spectroscopy for peptide detection and a horseradish peroxidase-hyd ...201323137732
a thin layer-based amperometric enzyme immunoassay for the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections.a simple electrochemical sandwich immunoassay involving a polystyrene microarray slide coated with monoclonal capture antibodies and carbon screen-printed sensors (sps) was designed for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the detection of the antibody-antigen complex formation relied on the use of a horseradish peroxidase conjugate. its chronoamperometric measurement detection was performed by confining a droplet of h(2)o(2)/3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine enzyme substrate/m ...201223141321
extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 in the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus contributes to morphine physical dependence in rats.the cerebrospinal fluid-contacting nucleus (csf-cn) may influence actual composition of the csf for non-synaptic signal transmission via releasing or absorbing bioactive substances, which distributes and localizes in the ventral periaqueductal central gray of the brainstem. previous studies demonstrated that csf-cn was involved in neuropathic pain and morphine dependence. thus, to identify whether extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (erk5) distributed in the csf-cn and its function on the fo ...201323143893
an immunoenzymatic assay for the diagnosis of hepatitis a utilising immunoglobulin y.the detection of anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody levels by diagnostic kits in the convalescent period of disease generally use immunoglobulin g (igg), which is expensive. an alternative to igg is immunoglobulin y (igy), an immunoglobulin antibody encountered in birds and reptiles. the aim of this study was to develop a competitive immunoenzymatic assay to measure total anti-hav antibody levels using anti-hav igy as the capture and conjugated immunoglobulins. for this purpose, anti-hav igy ...201223147158
the effect of fish matrix on the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antibiotics.the matrix effect is considered to be a problem in the immunoassay of foodstuffs. however, information on the interference from aquatic products, as well as the mechanism involved, is very limited. in this study, using three flatfishes (scophthalmus maximus, paralichthys olivaceus and cymoglossus robustus) as samples, the effect of the fish matrix on the competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ci-elisa) of antibiotic (norfloxacin) residues was investigated. the mechanism of the o ...201323150496
strategy to enhance the wettability of bioacive paper-based sensors.this paper reports a potential method that can restore the wettability of bioactive paper-based sensors while maintaining their bioactivity. this study is driven by the need to increase the wettability of the antibody-loaded blood typing paper devices in order to increase the blood typing assaying speed using such paper devices. plasma treatment is used to improve the wettability of bioactive paper; the protective effect of bovine serum albumin (bsa) to biomolecules against plasma deactivation i ...201223151066
dynamic model of hydrogen peroxide diffusion kinetics into the pulp cavity.to measure the time course hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp cavity and evaluate short-term tooth color changes after bleaching.201223151689
miniature enzyme-based electrodes for detection of hydrogen peroxide release from alcohol-injured hepatocytes.alcohol insult to the liver sets off a complex sequence of inflammatory and fibrogenic responses. there is increasing evidence that hepatocytes play a key role in triggering these responses by producing inflammatory signals such as cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ros). in the present study, we employed a cell culture/biosensor platform consisting of electrode arrays integrated with microfluidics to monitor extracellular h(2)o(2), one of the major ros types, produced by primary rat hepatoc ...201323163580
[fundamental and applied aspects of the hematoencephalic barrier research].the results of fundamental and applied studies of blood-brain barrier had been conducted by authors during the last 10 years are summarized in the publication. the molecular anatomy of barrier microvessels, as well as promising markers of bbb and other proteins involved in barrier functions are discussed. via in vitro experiments with endothelial cells of cerebral microvessels we characterized the basic conditions required for adequate bbb modeling. the in vivo data of bbb permeability for macro ...201223166992
block copolymer-quantum dot micelles for multienzyme colocalization.to mimic the structure and functionality of multienzyme complexes, which are widely present in nature, pluronic-based micelles were designed to colocalize multiple enzymes. to stabilize the micelles as well as to enable characterization of single enzyme immobilization and multienzyme colocalization by förster resonance energy transfer (fret), quantum dots (qds) were incorporated into the micelles to form pluronic-qd micelles using a novel microreactor. model enzymes glucose oxidase (gox) and hor ...201223171402
a novel amperometric immunosensor constructed with gold-platinum nanoparticles and horseradish peroxidase nanoparticles as well as nickel hexacyanoferrates nanoparticles.in this study, three nano-materials comprising gold-platinum nanoparticles (au-ptnps), horseradish peroxidase nanoparticles (hrpnps) and nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (nihcfnps) were used to construct a signal-off immunosensor. au-ptnps and nihcfnps were assembled on a glass carbon electrode (gce) by electrodeposition and gold-cyanide bond formation, respectively; anti-fetoproteins (anti-afp) were immobilized on the au-ptnps. hrpnps were employed to block the possible remaining active si ...201323172041
borated titania, a new option for the selective enrichment of cis-diol biomolecules.as low abundance cis-diol biomolecules are of great significance in biological organisms, preparation of materials for the selective enrichment of such compounds is highly favorable for the development of the related proteomics and metabolomics. to this end, we have prepared monolithic borated titania by a non-aqueous sol-gel strategy as a new inorganic affinity material for the specific capture of nucleosides, glycopeptides and glycoproteins. benefiting from the inorganic framework, this materi ...201323180666
integrated tyramide and polymerization-assisted signal amplification for a highly-sensitive immunoassay.a novel strategy for ultrasensitive detection of model protein based on the integration of tyramide signal amplification (tsa) and polymerization-assisted signal amplification was proposed. the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (si-atrp) of glycidyl methacrylate (gma) was triggered by the initiator-coupled protein immobilized on the electrode surface through sandwiched immunoreactions. growth of long chain polymeric materials provided numerous epoxy groups for subsequent cou ...201223181414
properties and analytical applications of the self-assembled complex {peroxidase-chitosan}.a novel promising approach to the improvement of analytical properties of horseradish peroxidase based on its inclusion into self-assembled structures of chitosan is discussed. it is shown that the reasonable choice of a polyelectrolyte, a detailed investigation of its interaction with the enzyme and the conditions of the {peroxidase-polyelectrolyte} complex formation allow for stabilizing the biocatalyst in aqueous and aqueous-organic media without a substantial loss in its activity and develop ...201223182581
diversity of thalamorecipient spine morphology in cat visual cortex and its implication for synaptic plasticity.a feature of spine synapses is the existence of a neck connecting the synapse on the spine head to the dendritic shaft. as with a cable, spine neck resistance (r(neck)) increases with increasing neck length and is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the neck. a synaptic current entering a spine with a high r(neck) will lead to greater local depolarization in the spine head than would a similar input applied to a spine with a lower r(neck). this could make spines with high r(nec ...201323184851
pilocarpine-induced flare is physiological rather than pathological.an elevated aqueous humor protein level (aka flare) has always been considered to represent a pathological breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier (bab), regardless of the etiology. recent studies in humans, using magnetic resonance imaging (mri) to directly observe bab kinetics in the posterior chamber of the human eye in-vivo, showed that pilocarpine-induced flare resulting from administration of a single drop of pilocarpine is not the result of breakdown of the bab in the ciliary body. these m ...201323187102
portable chemiluminescence multiplex biosensor for quantitative detection of three b19 dna genotypes.a miniaturized multiplex biosensor exploiting a microfluidic oligonucleotide array and chemiluminescence (cl) lensless imaging detection has been developed for parvovirus b19 genotyping. the portable device consists of a reaction chip, comprising a glass slide arrayed with three b19 genotype-specific probes and coupled with a polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic layer, and a charge-coupled device camera modified for lensless cl imaging. immobilized probes were used in dna hybridization reactions wi ...201323187829
[interaction of triiodothyronine-biotin conjugate with binding proteins in immunoassay systems].a new construction of a test-system for free thyroid hormone 3,3',5-triiodothyronine determination (free t3) in human blood serum in elisa and irma variants was described. for this purpose a low-molecular weight bifunctional conjugate containing t3 and vitamin h (biotin, bt) residues was synthesized. the conjugate (t3-bt) can be bound via its biotin function to biotin-binding proteins on a solid phase whereas its t3-portion can interact with monoclonal antibody against t3 (anti-t3-mab) labeled w ...201323189559
topiramate reduces blood-brain barrier disruption and inhibits seizure activity in hyperthermia-induced seizures in rats with cortical dysplasia.we investigated the effects of topiramate (tpm), a novel broad spectrum anticonvulsant, on seizure severity, survival rate and blood-brain barrier (bbb) integrity during hyperthermic seizures in rats with cortical dysplasia (cd). offsprings of irradiated mothers were used in this study. to show the functional and morphological alterations in bbb integrity, quantitative analysis of evans blue (eb) extravasation, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic assessment of horseradish peroxidase (h ...201323201444
a graphene and multienzyme functionalized carbon nanosphere-based electrochemical immunosensor for microcystin-lr detection.a graphene-based immunosensor was fabricated for the detection of microcystin-lr using a horseradish peroxidase-carbon nanosphere-antibody system for signal amplification. graphene and chitosan were used as immobilization materials to improve the electrochemical performance of the electrode. signal amplification was achieved using multienzyme functionalized carbon nanosphere. this approach provided a linear range from 0.05 to 15 μgl(-1) microcystin-lr with a detection limit of 0.016 μgl(-1). ana ...201323201717
application of horseradish peroxidase modified nanostructured au thin films for the amperometric detection of 4-chlorophenol.a facile electrodeposition method was used to fabricate nanostructured au thin films. construction of the amperometric biosensors for 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) is based on the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) on the au thin films via a simple method. the as-prepared nano-au films provide a favorable microenvironment for the immobilization of hrp and the retention of its activity. with h(2)o(2) as oxidizing co-substrate, the hrp modified electrode displays high catalytic activity toward ...201323201729
catalytic and inhibitory kinetic behavior of horseradish peroxidase on the electrode surface.enzymatic biosensors are often used to detect trace levels of some specific substance. an alternative methodology is applied for enzymatic assays, in which the electrocatalytic kinetic behavior of enzymes is monitored by measuring the faradaic current for a variety of substrate and inhibitor concentrations. here we examine a steady-state and pre-steady-state reduction of h(2)o(2) on the horseradish peroxidase electrode. the results indicate the substrate-concentration dependence of the steady-st ...201223202175
microfluidic beads-based immunosensor for sensitive detection of cancer biomarker proteins using multienzyme-nanoparticle amplification and quantum dots labels.this study reports the development of a microfluidic beads-based immunosensor for sensitive detection of cancer biomarker α-fetoprotein (afp) that uses multienzyme-nanoparticle amplification and quantum dots labels. this method utilizes microbeads functionalized with the capture antibodies (ab₁) and modified electron rich proteins as sensing platform that was fabricated within a microfluidic channel, and uses gold nanoparticles (aunps) functionalized with the horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the ...201323202325
an enzyme substrate binding aptamer complex based time-resolved fluorescence sensor for the adenosine deaminase detection.in this work, we report an enzyme substrate binding aptamer complex based fluorescence sensor for an enzyme activity detection of adenosine deaminase (ada). the sensor employs a dna probe containing an adenosine aptamer region dually labeled with biotin and digoxigenin (dig). the probe is immobilized in a streptavidin-modified 96-well micro plate via biotin-avidin bridge, and the dig serves as an affinity tag for an anti-dig antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (anti-dig-hrp). the pri ...201323202335
highly sensitive detection of micrornas based on isothermal exponential amplification-assisted generation of catalytic g-quadruplex dnazyme.it is well-known that micrornas (mirnas) have become an ideal class of biomarker candidates for clinical diagnosis of cancers, thus sensitive and selective detection of micrornas is of great significance in understanding biological functions of mirnas, early-phase diagnosis of cancers, as well as discovery of new targets for drugs. in this work, we have developed a sensitive method for micrornas detection based on isothermal exponential amplification-assisted generation of catalytic g-quadruplex ...201323202342
use of cl and c isotopic fractionation to identify degradation and sources of polychlorinated phenols: mechanistic study and field application.the widespread use of chlorinated phenols (cps) as a wood preservative has led to numerous contaminated sawmill sites. however, it remains challenging to assess the extent of in situ degradation of cps. we evaluated the use of compound-specific chlorine and carbon isotope analysis (cl- and c-csia) to assess cp biotransformation. in a laboratory system, we measured isotopic fractionation during oxidative 2,4,6-trichlorophenol dechlorination by representative soil enzymes (c. fumago chloroperoxida ...201323210465
a disposable immunosensor for enterobacter sakazakii based on an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode.a disposable immunosensor based on electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ergo) was developed for the detection of enterobacter sakazakii. first, the graphene was deposited on a screen-printed carbon electrode (spce) by an electrochemical method. second, the horseradish peroxidase-labeled bacteria-specific antibody was assembled onto the modified electrode to enhance the sensitivity of the immunosensor. the immunosensor constructed in this study can sensitively and rapidly detect e. sakazakii ...201323219558
quantification and evaluation of kinetic bio-catalytic pathway of horseradish peroxidase in an electron mediated reaction system and its applications in plant extracts.the intermolecular coupling of 2,5-dimethoxyaniline (dma) as mediated electron transfer reaction in presence of h(2)o(2) and peroxidase in acetate buffer of ph 4.2 resulting green colored product having maximum absorption at λ(max)=740 nm was investigated by spectrophotometer. under optimum conditions, linearity range for the quantification of h(2)o(2) was 2.0-288.0 μm and for peroxidase were 0.59-9.46 and 0.443-9.46 nm by kinetic and fixed-time method, respectively. the catalytic efficiency and ...201323220521
tackling reproducibility in microcantilever biosensors: a statistical approach for sensitive and specific end-point detection of immunoreactions.in the last decade, microcantilever biosensors have shown enormous potential for highly sensitive label-free detection of nucleic acid and proteins. despite the enormous advances, the promise of applications of this technology in the biomedical field has been frustrated because of its low reproducibility. here we tackle the reproducibility issue in microcantilever biosensors and provide the guidelines to minimize the deviations in the biosensor response between different assays. we use as a mode ...201323223515
quality assurance in immunoassay performance--comparison of different enzyme immunoassays for the determination of caffeine in consumer products.enzyme immunoassays with optical detection are amongst the most widely used bioanalytical tools. we defined seven parameters for the quality assessment of immunoassays that were addressed in a systematic study of direct and indirect immunoassays, using the enzymes horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and alkaline phosphatase (ap), the chromogenic substrates 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (tmb) and para-nitrophenyl phosphate, and the fluorescent substrates 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and 4-methylum ...201323224576
silica nanoparticles coencapsulating gadolinium oxide and horseradish peroxidase for imaging and therapeutic applications.mesoporous silica nanoparticles coencapsulating gadolinium oxide and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) have been synthesized in the aqueous core of sodium bis-(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (aot)-hexane-water reverse micelle. the average diameter of these silica particles is around 25 nm and the particles are spherical and highly monodispersed as depicted using transmission electron microscopy. the entrapment efficiency of hrp was found to be as high as 95%. practically, the entrapped enzyme shows zer ...201223233799
protein cluster formation during enzymatic cross-linking of globular proteins.work on enzymatic cross-linking of globular food proteins has mainly focused on food functional effects such as improvements of gelation and enhanced stabilization of emulsions and foams, and on the detailed biochemical characterization of the cross-linking chemistry. what is still lacking is a physical characterization of cluster formation and gelation, as has been done for example, for cluster formation and gelation during heat-induced protein aggregation. here we present preliminary results a ...201223234160
highly sensitive immunosensing of prostate-specific antigen based on ionic liquid-carbon nanotubes modified electrode: application as cancer biomarker for prostate biopsies.a novel and highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor was developed for detection of prostate specific antigen (psa) based on immobilization of psa-antibody (anti-psa) onto robust nano composite containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) and ionic liquid (il)1-buthyl-methylpyrolydinium bis (trifluromethyl sulfonyl) imide [c₄mpyr][ntf₂]. thionine was used as redox system for electrochemical probe. the adsorbed thionine displayed a surface-controlled electrode process with electron trans ...201323235113
single-step rapid assembly of dna origami nanostructures for addressable nanoscale bioreactors.self-assembled dna origami nanostructures have shown great promise for bottom-up construction of complex objects with nanoscale addressability. here we show that dna origami-based 1d nanoribbons and nanotubes are one-pot assembled with controllable sizes and nanoscale addressability with high speed (within only 10-20 min), exhibiting extraordinarily high cooperativity that is often observed in assembly of natural molecular machines in cells (e.g. ribosome). by exploiting the high specificity of ...201323237536
steady-state generation of hydrogen peroxide: kinetics and stability of alcohol oxidase immobilized on nanoporous alumina.alcohol oxidase from pichia pastoris was immobilized on nanoporous aluminium oxide membranes by silanization and activation by carbonyldiimidazole to create a flow-through enzyme reactor. kinetic analysis of the hydrogen peroxide generation was carried out for a number of alcohols using a subsequent reaction with horseradish peroxidase and abts. the activity data for the immobilized enzyme showed a general similarity with literature data in solution, and the reactor could generate 80 mmol h2o2/h ...201323242497
new enzymatically polymerized copolymers from 4-tert-butylphenol and 4-ferrocenylphenol and their modification and inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin.the enzymatically catalyzed synthesis of a copolymer of 4-tert-butylphenol and 4-ferrocenylphenol by horse radish peroxidase (hrp) in the presence of h(2)o(2) in a 1,4-dioxane/water system is described. furthermore, polymer-analogous alkylation of the free hydroxy groups and subsequent click reaction with mono-6-azido-6-desoxy-β-cyclodextrin (n(3)-β-cd) was carried out. the formation of inter- and intramolecular inclusion complexes was investigated by dls measurement.201223243473
ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for zeranol detection based on signal amplification strategy of nanoporous gold films and nano-montmorillonite as labels.nano-montmorillonites belong to aluminosilicate clay minerals with innocuity, high specific surface area, ion exchange, and favorable adsorption property. due to the excellent properties, montmorillonites can be used as labels for the electrochemical immunosensors. in this study, nano-montmorillonites were converted to sodium montmorillonites (na-mont) and further utilized for the immobilization of thionine (th), horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the secondary anti-zeranol antibody (ab(2)). the m ...201323245898
single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping using a novel multiplexed electrochemical biosensor with nonfouling surface.a novel electrochemical dna biosensor for single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis was developed. in this work, an oligonucleotide-incorporated nonfouling surface (ons) was constructed to resist nonspecific absorption. the biosensor was developed using a 16-electrode array for high-throughput snp analysis. the proposed strategy was primarily based on specific oligonucleotide ligation. fully matched target dna templated the ligation between a capture probe assembled on gold electrodes and a ...201323247054
enzymatic reporting of peste des petits ruminants virus genes ligating two specific probes on nanoparticles.an alternative strategy for the detection of nucleic acid derived from peste des petits ruminants virus was developed omitting amplification. the assay is based on two probes complementary to the target sequences, one conjugated to magnetic microparticles the second to gold nanoparticles labeled with horseradish peroxidase. in the presence of target gene the two particles ligate via the probes and the complex can be magnetically separated. applying substrate and chromogen a color reaction result ...201323247567
a novel enzyme-immobilized flow cell used as end-column chemiluminescent detection interface in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography.a novel enzyme-immobilized flow-through interface was designed for sensitive end-column chemiluminescent (cl) detection in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (otcec). enzyme was covalently bound on an aldehyde-activated polymer membrane immobilized in a flow cell to catalyze the cl reaction that occurred in it. using glycine as the model analyte, n-(4-aminobutyl)-n-ethylisoluminol-derivatized glycine effused from the otcec column and triggered a horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-catalyzed c ...201323248818
degradation of textile dyes using immobilized lignin peroxidase-like metalloporphines under mild experimental conditions. 201223256784
tailorable cell culture platforms from enzymatically cross-linked multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels.as stem-cell-based therapies rapidly advance toward clinical applications, there is a need for cheap, easily manufactured, injectable gels that can be tailored to carry stem cells and impart function to such cells. herein we describe a process for making hydrogels composed of hydroxyphenyl propionic acid (hpa) conjugated, branched poly(ethylene glycol) (peg) via an enzyme mediated, oxidative cross-linking method. functionalization of the branched peg with hpa at varying degrees of substitution w ...201323259935
apoferritin protein nanoparticles dually labeled with aptamer and horseradish peroxidase as a sensing probe for thrombin detection.a novel and ultrasensitive sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor has been developed for the detection of thrombin, based on dual signal-amplification using hrp and apoferritin. core/shell fe(3)o(4)/au magnetic nanoparticles (aumnps) loading aptamer1 (apt1) was used as recognition elements, and apoferritin dually labeled with aptamer2 (apt2) and hrp was used as a detection probe. sandwich-type complex, apt1/thrombin/apt2-apoferritin nps-hrp was formed by the affinity reactions between aumnps-a ...201323260676
electrochemistry of heme proteins entrapped in dna films in two imidazolium-based room temperature ionic liquids.two imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ils), hydrophilic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([bmim][bf4]) and hydrophobic 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][pf6]), have been chosen as solvents for investigating bioelectroanalysis of four heme proteins. heme proteins including hemoglobin, myoglobin, catalase and horseradish peroxidase immobilized in dna can form stable and electrochemically active films on glassy carbon electrode. the morphology studies of films were ...201323274540
sequence analysis and homology modeling of peroxidase from medicago sativa.plant peroxidases are one of the most extensively studied group of enzymes which find applications in the environment, health, pharmaceutical, chemical and biotechnological processes. class iii secretary peroxidase from alfalfa (medicago sativa) has been characterized using bioinformatics approach physiochemical properties and topology of alfalfa peroxidase were compared with that of soybean and horseradish peroxidase, two most popular commercially available peroxidase preparations. lower value ...201223275690
an ultrasensitive peroxydisulfate electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for streptococcus suis serotype 2 based on l-cysteine combined with mimicking bi-enzyme synergetic catalysis to in situ generate coreactant.a novel signal amplification strategy of mimicking bi-enzyme synergetic catalysis to generate coreactant in situ was designed to fabricate an ultrasensitive peroxydisulfate electrochemiluminescence (ecl) immunosensor for detection of streptococcus suis serotype 2 (ss2). it was the first time to detect ss2 by using ecl. through the interaction between l-cysteine (l-cys) and hollow ptpd bimetal alloy nanoparticles (hptpd) to form ((l-cys-hptpd)n) nanocomposites, the loading amount of l-cys and hpt ...201323277341
synthesis and antioxidant activity of o-alkyl selenocarbamates, selenoureas and selenohydantoins.the preparation of three different families of lipophilic organoselenium compounds (aryl- and sugar-derived selenoureas, o-alkyl selenocarbamates and selenohydantoins) has been carried out in order to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant profile, analyzing the influence of the selenium-containing functional group, and the substituents on the activity. title compounds have therefore been studied for the first time as free radical, hydrogen peroxide, alkyl peroxides and nitric oxide scavengers usin ...201323287366
rostral ventromedial medulla connections in cavia porcellus and their relation with tonic immobility defensive behavior: a biotinylated dextran amine neurotracing study.the rostroventromedial medulla (rvm), together with the periaqueductal gray matter (pag), constitutes the descendent antinociceptive system. additionally, these structures mutually regulate defensive behaviors, including tonic immobility (ti) in guinea pigs. the current study was undertaken to evaluate the connections of the rvm with the pag and the spinal cord in guinea pigs in order to provide an anatomical basis for the role played by rvm in the modulation of ti. to address this goal, five gu ...201223287522
increased electrocatalyzed performance through dendrimer-encapsulated gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotube-assisted multiple bienzymatic labels: highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for protein detection.a highly sensitive electrochemical carcinoembryonic antigen (cea) immunosensor was fabricated by covalently immobilizing a monoclonal cea antibody (anti-cea, ab(1)) and a mediator (thionine, th) on a gold nanoparticle (aunp)-encapsulated dendrimer (den/aunp). multiwalled carbon nanotube (mwcnt)-supported secondary antibody (ab(2))-conjugated multiple bienzymes, glucose oxidase (gox), and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) (ab(2)/mwcnt/gox/hrp) were used as electrochemical labels. the highly sensitive ...201323289608
effect of artemin on structural transition of β-lactoglobulin.encysted embryos of artemia are exceptionally resistant to severe environmental stress. this resistance is thought to depend in part on the existence of a protein termed artemin. there is only little information about the function of artemin. it has been reported artemin is a thermostable protein with rna-binding ability. in addition, it reduces the extent of aggregation significantly and enhances the efficiency of refolding and activity recovery of carbonic anhydrase and horseradish peroxidase. ...201323291197
reactivity of human igm binding murine monoclonal 6b6c1 (igg2a) with other murine monoclonal igg antibodies.approximately 6% of sera positive in a dengue virus igm-capture enzyme immunoassay (eia) represent false-positives due to interaction between igm and horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-labeled monoclonal antibody (mab) 6b6c1 (igg2a). to better understand this interaction, we assessed the reactivity of captured igm from these sera with other hrp-labeled mabs.201323292827
clinical and immunohistopathological aspects of venous ulcers treatment by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus).the immunological mechanisms that are triggered by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (lipus) in wound healing are unknown. in the present study, experimental groups were used to assess the treatment of chronic venous ulcers with 30mw/cm(2) sata peripheral lipus three times per week compared to a daily treatment of 1% silver sulfadiazine (sdz). the ulcers of the sdz group (n=7) (g1) and lipus group (n=9) (g2) were photographed five times three months, and the images were analyzed using imagej softw ...201323294989
immobilization of horseradish peroxidase by electrospun fibrous membranes for adsorption and degradation of pentachlorophenol in water.horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is successfully in situ encapsulated into the poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (plga)/peo-ppo-peo (f108) electrospun fibrous membranes (efms) by emulsion electrospinning. the adsorption and degradation of pentachlorophenol (pcp) by hrp-efms are investigated. the experimental results show that the sorption kinetic of pcp on efms follows the pseudo-second-order model, and the sorption capacity is as high as 44.69 mg g(-1). the sorption mechanisms of efms for pcp can be e ...201323295768
in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles for direct electrochemistry of horseradish peroxidase.in order to construct a three-dimensional electrode, in situ electrochemical deposition of gold nanoparticles onto a gold electrode coated with a self-assembled monolayer of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (au np/mpa/au) was conducted. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was then immobilized into this three-dimensional electrode, leading to the realization of direct electron transfer of hrp. scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were applied to characterize the electrode befo ...201323314493
horseradish peroxidase/catalase-mediated cell-laden alginate-based hydrogel tube production in two-phase coaxial flow of aqueous solutions for filament-like tissues fabrication.we report a method for preparing cell-laden hydrogel tubes. this method uses a coaxial double-orifice spinneret, simpler than triple-orifice spinnerets which have been used for preparing similar constructs. the intended application was to create a template for preparing filament-like structures composed of two heterogeneous living cell layers. an aqueous solution containing an alginate derivative possessing phenolic hydroxyl moieties (alg-ph), catalase and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was extrud ...201323319520
a label-free biosensor for electrochemical detection of femtomolar micrornas.a simple and ultrasensitive label-free microrna (mirna) biosensor, based on hybridized mirna-templated deposition of an insulating polymer film and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic detection, is described in this report. the biosensor is made of a monolayer of charge-neutral morpholino capture probes on an indium tin oxide (ito)-coated glass slide. upon hybridization, the neutral surface of the biosensor is converted to anionic by the hybridized mirna strands. the deposition of the insula ...201323323518
development of monoclonal antibodies and quantitative sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the characteristic sialoglycoprotein of edible bird's nest.the article presents a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for identification of edible bird's nest. the characteristic sialoglycoproteins were found by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and purified by liquid-phase isoelectric focusing (lief). according to the analysis, the molecular weight was 106-128 kda and the isoelectric point was ≤ph 3.0. two anti-characteristic sialoglycoprotein monoclonal antibodies were produced. the monoclonal antibodi ...201323323981
influence of different length spacers containing enzyme conjugate on functional parameters of progesterone elisa.in steroid enzyme immunoassay (eia), there is an increase or decrease of labeled steroid recognition by antibody due to homologous and heterologous combinations of enzyme conjugate with immunogen that affects sensitivity of the assay. we have introduced three to 18 atomic length linkers between enzyme and steroid moieties and studied their effects on functional parameters such as sensitivity, ed(50), and specificity of progesterone enzyme immunoassays. progesterone-3-carboxymethyloxime-bovine se ...201323323985
simultaneous immunoassay analysis of plasma il-6 and tnf-α on a microchip.sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (elisa) using a 96-well plate is frequently employed for clinical diagnosis, but is time-and sample-consuming. to overcome these drawbacks, we performed a sandwich elisa on a microchip. the microchip was made of cyclic olefin copolymer with 4 straight microchannels. for the construction of the sandwich elisa for interleukin-6 (il-6) or tumor necrosis factor-α (tnf-α), we used a piezoelectric inkjet printing system for the deposition and fixation of the ...201323326472
copper nanoclusters as peroxidase mimetics and their applications to h2o2 and glucose detection.copper nanoclusters (cu ncs) are found to possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity for the first time. similar to nature peroxidase, they can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine by h(2)o(2) to produce a nice blue color reaction. compared with horseradish peroxidase, cu ncs exhibits higher activity near neutral ph, which is beneficial for biological applications. the increase in absorbance caused by the cu ncs catalytic reaction allows the detection of h(2)o(2) in the range ...201323327949
injectable hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels incorporating interferon-α2a for liver cancer therapy.we report an injectable hydrogel system that incorporates interferon-α2a (ifn-α2a) for liver cancer therapy. ifn-α2a was incorporated in hydrogels composed of hyaluronic acid-tyramine (ha-tyr) conjugates through the oxidative coupling of tyr moieties with hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp). ifn-α2a-incorporated ha-tyr hydrogels of varying stiffness were formed by changing the h2o2 concentration. the incorporation of ifn-α2a did not affect the rheological properties of the ...201323328125
flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay of microcystin-lr by using pei-modified magnetic beads as capturer and hrp-functionalized silica nanoparticles as signal amplifier.a rapid sandwiched immunoassay of microcystin-lr (mc-lr) in water is proposed with flow injection chemiluminescence detection. the magnetic beads (mbs) were first modified with polyethyleneimine (pei) by acylamide bond between the carboxyl group on the surface of mbs and the primary amine group in pei, followed by immobilizing of anti-mc-lr (ab1) onto pei with glutaraldehyde as linkage. the resulting ab1 modified mbs captured the target mc-lr in water, reacted with the horseradish peroxidase and ...201323330150
micropipet tip-based miniaturized electrochemical device combined with ultramicroelectrode and its application in immobilization-free enzyme biosensor.in this study, a simple miniaturized microliter electrochemical device was constructed using a disposable micropipet tip and a reproducible carbon fiber ultramicroelectrode. the novel electrochemical device set the electrochemical reaction in a micropipet tip containing an ultramicroelectrode. we investigated the feasibility of the designed electrochemical device by cyclic voltammetric measurements of redox probe. its application in an immobilization-free enzyme electrochemical biosensor was als ...201323331083
electron transfer properties of dual self-assembled architectures based on specific recognition and electrostatic driving forces: its application to control substrate inhibition in horseradish peroxidase-based sensors.this work describes the synergistic combination of ionic self-assembly and recognition-directed assembly with the aim of creating highly functional bioelectrochemical interfaces compatible with the supramolecular design of a wide variety of biosensing platforms. a recently synthesized glycopolyelectrolyte constituted of polyallylamine bearing redox-active osmium complexes and glycosidic residues (lactose) is used to create a self-assembled structure with sodium dodecylsulfate. in turn, this supr ...201323331115
evaluation of a novel rapid diagnostic test for schistosoma haematobium based on the detection of human immunoglobulins bound to filtered schistosoma haematobium eggs.to determine whether the detection of human igg bound to schistosoma haematobium eggs from filtered urine could be used as a rapid diagnostic test (rdt-sh).201323331870
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