Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the role of wild canids and felids in spreading parasites to dogs and cats in europe. part ii: helminths and arthropods. | over the last few decades, ecological factors, combined with everchanging landscapes mainly linked to human activities (e.g. encroachment and tourism) have contributed to modifications in the transmission of parasitic diseases from domestic to wildlife carnivores and vice versa. in the first of this two-part review article, we have provided an account of diseases caused by protozoan parasites characterised by a two-way transmission route between domestic and wild carnivore species. in this secon ... | 2015 | 26049678 |
| intestinal helminth parasites of the grey wolf (canis lupus l.) in serbia. | the grey wolf (canis lupus l.) is the most widespread large carnivore in europe with large populations in the eastern part of europe and the balkan peninsula. in this study, a total of 102 wolves were examined for intestinal helminth parasites. the carcasses were collected within the serbian part of the wolf's range during the period 2009-2014. nine helminth species were found: one nematode, toxocara canis (3.9%), one trematode, alaria alata (1.0%), and seven cestodes, taenia pisiformis (1.0%), ... | 2015 | 26051257 |
| cerebral toxocariasis: silent progression to neurodegenerative disorders? | toxocara canis and t. cati are highly prevalent nematode infections of the intestines of dogs and cats. in paratenic hosts, larvae do not mature in the intestine but instead migrate through the somatic tissues and organs of the body. the presence of these migrating larvae can contribute to pathology. toxocara larvae can invade the brains of humans, and while case descriptions of cerebral toxocariasis are historically rare, improved diagnosis and greater awareness have contributed to increased de ... | 2015 | 26062575 |
| an alternative method for producing toxocara canis second stage larvae from a paratenic host (pigeon) for mrna extraction purpose. | toxocara canis is a prevalent zoonotic parasite which can cause serious disease in puppies and humans. excretory-secretory and coating antigens of the second stage larvae (l2) are the best targets for performing immunodiagnostic and also immunoprophylactic tests. various hatching methods have been described to bring out l2 from the resistant infective egg shell; but these methods are difficult to do and have had different results when performed by different practitioners. in this study, second s ... | 2015 | 26063997 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of arginine kinase gene of toxocara canis. | toxocara canis is an important gastrointestinal nematode of dogs and also a causative agent of visceral larva migrans in humans. arginine kinase (ak) gene is one of the important biomolecule of phosphagen kinase of t. canis which is emerging as an exciting novel diagnostic target in toxocarosis. the present study was carried out to clone and characterize ak gene of t. canis for future utilization as a diagnostic molecule. total rna was extracted from intact adult worms and reverse transcription ... | 2015 | 26064002 |
| an epidemiological survey on intestinal helminths of stray dogs in mashhad, north-east of iran. | this research was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in stray dogs in the northeast of iran, with special attention to those parasites that can be transmitted to human. in this experiment, a total of 72 adult and 18 juvenile stray dogs were collected and necropsied for the presence of helminth parasites from october 2011 to august 2012. the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths was 86 % (95 % ci: 79.2-92.8 %). the observed helminths of the gastrointest ... | 2015 | 26064015 |
| effects of toxocara larvae on brain cell survival by in vitro model assessment. | neuroinvasive larvae of the common dog and cat roundworms, toxocara canis and toxocara cati, may cause severe neurological and neuropsychological disturbances in humans. despite their pathogenic potential and high prevalence worldwide, little is known about their cell-specific influences and cerebral host-pathogen interactions in neurotoxocarosis. to address this discrepancy, a co-culture system of viable larvae with murine neuronal (cad), oligodendrocytal (bo-1) and microglial (bv-2) cell lines ... | 2015 | 26080924 |
| the prevalence of toxocariasis and diagnostic value of serologic tests in asymptomatic korean adults. | toxocariasis is the most common cause of peripheral blood eosinophilia in korea and produces eosinophilic infiltration in various organs, including the lung. however, the prevalence of toxocariasis in the general population is rarely reported. | 2015 | 26122506 |
| a comparison of mini-flotac and flotac with classic methods to diagnosing intestinal parasites of dogs from brazil. | dogs may be affected by different species of gastrointestinal parasites which present great importance in veterinary medicine and public health. several techniques to diagnosing these parasites have been proposed, but different performances achieved by each method make difficult the choice of the best technique to be used. in this study, the performance of two classic methods (i.e., willis and hoffman techniques) and two recent techniques (i.e., flotac and mini-flotac) to diagnosing gastrointest ... | 2015 | 26122998 |
| seroepidemiology of toxocariasis and its clinical implications in gwangju and jeonnam-province, korea. | we investigated the seroepidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients suspected to have toxocariasis in gwangju and jeonnam-province, korea. in total, 228 specimens were analyzed for anti-toxocara canis igg at two university hospitals from 2010 to 2012. the overall seropositive rate was 67.1%, and the seropositive rates among the eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups were 76.1% (105/138) and 53.3% (48/90), respectively. risk factors for eosinophilia and toxocariasis we ... | 2015 | 26131418 |
| new insights into the immunopathology of early toxocara canis infection in mice. | nematodes of the genus toxocara are cosmopolitan roundworms frequently found in dogs and cats. toxocara spp. can accidentally infect humans and cause a zoonosis called human toxocariasis, which is characterized by visceral, ocular or cerebral migration of larval stages of the parasite, without completing its life cycle. in general, chronic nematode infections induce a polarized th2 immune response. however, during the initial phase of infection, a strong pro-inflammatory response is part of the ... | 2015 | 26135397 |
| toxocara canis infection: unusual trigger of systemic lupus erythematosus. | infection by toxocara canis can cause systemic vasculitis. we report here a unique case of systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) triggered by t. canis infection. an 8-year-old girl was treated with albendazole therapy for common toxocariasis, but she developed two weeks later, asthenia, fever, infiltrated maculopapular eruption of the face, peripheral vascular disease with necrosis of the fingers and inflammatory anemia with proteinuria. anti-nuclear, anti-dna and anti-sm antibodies positivity, tog ... | 2015 | 26147636 |
| [the development and survival of toxocara canis eggs in the natural climatic conditions of gorno-altaisk]. | the time of development and survival of toxocara canis eggs in the soil of gorno-altaisk was experimen- tally investigated in 2011-2014. in july 2011, t.canis eggs matured at 3-5-cm soil depths from the stage of 1-2 blastomeres to invading larva within 12 days at a daily average temperature of +23°c and at a relative humidity of 82%. at 3-5-cm soil depths, more than 70% of invaded t. canis eggs preserved their viability through- out the experimental period (4 years). the paper gives evidence for ... | 2015 | 26152039 |
| elisa-confirmed bilateral ocular toxocariasis with different features. | to report a rare case of bilateral ocular toxocariasis with a different clinical presentation in each eye. | 2015 | 26154694 |
| toxocariasis: a rare cause of multiple cerebral infarction. | toxocariasis is a parasitic infection caused by the roundworms toxocara canis or toxocara cati, mostly due to accidental ingestion of embryonated eggs. clinical manifestations vary and are classified as visceral larva migrans or ocular larva migrans according to the organs affected. central nervous system involvement is an unusual complication. here, we report a case of multiple cerebral infarction and concurrent multi-organ involvement due to t. canis infestation of a previous healthy 39-year-o ... | 2015 | 26157596 |
| anthelmintic activity of lapachol, β-lapachone and its derivatives against toxocara canis larvae. | anthelmintics used for intestinal helminthiasis treatment are generally effective; however, their effectiveness in tissue parasitosis (i.e. visceral toxocariasis) is moderate. the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of lapachol, β-lapachone and phenazines in relation to the viability of toxocara canis larvae. a concentration of 2 mg/ml (in duplicate) of the compounds was tested using microculture plates containing toxocara canis larvae in an rpmi-1640 environment, incubated a ... | 2015 | 26200958 |
| risk of human toxocarosis in poland due to toxocara infection of dogs and cats. | the purpose of this paper was to present the current data on the risk of toxocarosis in humans in poland and to give an overview of the clinical and diagnostic aspects of the disease. the number of reported clinical cases of toxocara infection in children in poland in medical literature has increased recently. the results of field surveys aimed to evaluate the soil contamination with geohelminth eggs conducted during the last few years showed that toxocara is the most common zoonotic agent in ur ... | 2014 | 26204025 |
| study of toxocara seropevalence among patients with allergy and healthy individuals in bulgaria. | data in the literature addressing the ability of toxocara infection in humans to induce development of atopic disease are controversial. aim of our study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-toxocara antibodies in three groups of people: subjects with allergic symptoms and presence of allergen-specific ige, subjects with allergic symptoms and absence of allergen-specific ige, and clinically healthy blood donors. serum samples from all subjects were tested by elisa and western blot for pre ... | 2015 | 26216158 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of toxocariasis in preschool children in aragua state, venezuela. | toxocariasis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by the nematode toxocara canis. in venezuela, the magnitude of the disease is unknown and seroepidemiological studies have not been previously carried out in aragua state. | 2015 | 26217045 |
| soil contamination with toxocara spp. eggs in public parks of mashhad and khaf, north east of iran. | toxocariasis is an important disease caused by the larvae of parasitic worms such as toxocara canis and t. cati. public parks can be the source of toxocariasis for small children. this survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of toxocara spp. ova in parks of mashhad and khaf northeastern iran. | 2017 | 26246828 |
| deglycosylation of toxocara excretory-secretory antigens improves the specificity of the serodiagnosis for human toxocariasis. | serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis is difficult in tropical areas where other helminthiasis are endemic. many studies have shown that glycans from helminths may be the responsible for cross-reactions in the immunoassays. in this study, we have evaluated the deglycosylation of the toxocara canis excretory-secretory (tes) antigens for the detection of igg antibodies using a panel of 228 serum samples (58 patients with toxocariasis, 75 patients with other helminth infections and 95 healthy individ ... | 2015 | 26315805 |
| natural infection of free-range chickens with the ascarid nematode toxocara sp. | human toxocariasis may be acquired by eating raw chicken liver. however, there are no reports on the prevalence of natural infection of chickens with toxocara. the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-toxocara antibodies as indicators of natural infection with toxocara, in free-range chickens from espírito santo state, brazil. an elisa test with secretory and excretory toxocara canis antigens was used. negative controls were 20 industrial chickens reared in a high hygiene stand ... | 2015 | 26319520 |
| determination of anthelmintic efficacy against toxocara canis in dogs by use of capsule endoscopy. | industry guidelines for anthelmintic testing call for postmortem inspection of animals to verify treatment efficacy. a previous study showed that capsule endoscopy (ce) can be performed on dogs in vivo to quantify hookworms in the small intestine. adoption of a minimally invasive procedure such as this could reduce the need for necropsy in efficacy trials. the present study employed ce to enumerate toxocara canis in dogs, with two main goals: to determine if multiple capsule examinations improve ... | 2015 | 26321133 |
| larval migration of the ascarid nematode toxocara canis following infection and re-infection in the gerbil meriones unguiculatus. | a morphological and immunohistochemical study of larval migration patterns was performed in gerbils that were infected once (primary infected group) or twice (secondary infected group) with 1500 eggs of toxocara canis. animals from the primary infected and the re-infected group were killed at different times after infection, and larvae were counted in the intestines, liver, lungs and brain. fragments of all organs were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded for histology and immunohistochemistry a ... | 2016 | 26337823 |
| successful early diagnosis and treatment in a case of toxocara canis-induced eosinophilic myocarditis with eosinophil-rich pericardial effusion. | fulminant myocarditis can become fatal if left untreated. treatments for most types of myocarditis, including mechanical support, are limited. however, immediate systemic corticosteroids are known to be effective against eosinophilic myocarditis; therefore, prompt diagnosis of this disease is crucial. unfortunately, the standard diagnostic tool for myocarditis, endomyocardial biopsy, does not provide immediate histopathological findings. thus, a rapid diagnostic tool for identifying types of myo ... | 2015 | 26338242 |
| sero-epidemiology of toxocara canis infection in children attending four selected health facilities in the central region of ghana. | the study determined the seroprevalence of toxocara canis infection among children attending four selected health facilities in the central region of ghana. | 2015 | 26339090 |
| parasites of wild animals as a potential source of hazard to humans. | the decline in wild animal habitats and the uncontrolled growth of their population make these animals come closer to human settlements. the aim of the study was to identify parasitic infections in wild animals in the selected area, and to specify the hazards they create for humans. in more than 66% of the analysed faecal samples from wild boar, hares, roe deer, deer and fallow deer various developmental forms of parasites were found. these included parasites dangerous for humans: toxocara canis ... | 2015 | 26342506 |
| toxocara canis, trichinella spiralis and taenia solium helminthozoonoses: seroprevalence among selected populations in north india. | helminthozoonoses are being considered as a research priority in india and many other tropical and subtropical countries. taenia solium and trichinella spiralis are emerging public health and food safety issues in the country and the developing world. the asymptomatic ta. solium carriers act as important risk for neurocysticercosis, leading to adult onset epilepsy in the country. human toxocariasis is another common zoonosis which occurs due to larvae of toxocara canis or t. cati. the current st ... | 2015 | 26345057 |
| prevalence of endoparasitic infections of non descript dogs in mathura, uttar pradesh. | the objective of this study was to investigate, through cross-sectional survey, the distribution, types and prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites affecting stray dogs in and around mathura, india. freshly voided faecal samples of 108 identified, stray, non descript dogs of either sex and different age groups were collected and examined for coprological examination by direct faecal smear method; simple flotation and sedimentation techniques to detect parasitic oocysts and/or eggs. a total of ... | 2015 | 26345058 |
| association between toxocariasis and cognitive function in young to middle-aged adults. | the ascarid nematodes toxocara canis (werner, 1782) and toxocara cati (schrank, 1788) may infect humans resulting in toxocariasis. a prior study associated species of toxocara stiles, 1905 with cognitive deficits in children. to determine if a similar association between toxocariasis and cognition exists in adults, we analysed a large dataset from the united states' center for disease control's national health and nutrition examination survey. we used linear-regression and multivariate models to ... | 2015 | 26374832 |
| efficacy of nitazoxanide against toxocara canis: larval recovery and humoral immune response in experimentally infected mice. | the efficacy of nitazoxanide (ntz) against toxocariasis was investigated in an experimental murine model and results were compared to those obtained using mebendazole. sixty male balb/c mice, aged six to eight weeks-old, were divided into groups of 10 each; fifty were orally infected with 300 larvaed eggs of t. canis and grouped as follows, g i: infected untreated mice; g ii: infected mice treated with mbz (15 mg/kg/day) 10 days postinfection (dpi); g iii: infected mice treated with ntz (20 mg/k ... | 2016 | 26422159 |
| identification of immunodominant antigens for the laboratory diagnosis of toxocariasis. | to identify immunodominant antigens of toxocara canis recognised by toxocara-infected sera as recombinant reagents for immunodiagnosis of toxocariasis. | 2015 | 26426162 |
| development of a luminex bead based assay for diagnosis of toxocariasis using recombinant antigens tc-ctl-1 and tc-tes-26. | the clinical spectrum of human disease caused by the roundworms toxocara canis and toxocara cati ranges from visceral and ocular larva migrans to covert toxocariasis. the parasite is not typically recovered in affected tissues, so detection of parasite-specific antibodies is usually necessary for establishing a diagnosis. the most reliable immunodiagnostic methods use the toxocara excretory-secretory antigens (tes-ag) in elisa formats to detect toxocara-specific antibodies. to eliminate the need ... | 2015 | 26485145 |
| immunodiagnostic approaches for the detection of human toxocarosis. | human toxocarosis is an important zoonosis caused by larvae of toxocara canis/cati. the objective was to evaluate the role of igg anti-toxocara antibody detection and the specific igg avidity in diagnostics of human toxocarosis. anti-toxocara igg antibodies and igg avidity were evaluated by excretory-secretory (es)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the igg anti-toxocara seroprevalence in people (n = 7678) from western slovakia was 15.3% and found to be highest in the oldest age groups. ... | 2015 | 26505549 |
| hepatic visceral larva migrans due to toxocara canis in a 72-year-old man. | hepatic toxocariasis is visceral larva migrans caused by toxocara. we report a case of hepatic toxocariasis detected incidentally during a health checkup. the patient had elevated levels of eosinophils, total ige, and anti-toxocara igg antibodies. on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (ct) imaging he had a single, 2.16 cm, oval, ill-defined, low-attenuation hepatic nodule which was best appreciated during the portal venous phase of the scan. clinicians should consider hepatic toxocariasis as ... | 2015 | 26513919 |
| toxocara canis and the allergic process. | the protective effect of infectious agents against allergic reactions has been thoroughly investigated. current studies have demonstrated the ability of some helminths to modulate the immune response of infected hosts. the objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between toxocara canis infection and the development of an allergic response in mice immunised with ovalbumin (ova). we determined the total and differential blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells using b ... | 2015 | 26517650 |
| toxocara canis igg seropositivity in patients with chronic urticaria. | we aimed to investigate igg antibody levels specific to toxocara canis (t. canis), a parasite which subsists in dog's intestine, on serum samples obtained from patients with chronic urticaria (cu) to evaluate effective risk in cu etiopathogenesis. in this study, 73 patients diagnosed with cu and 109 healthy individuals as control group, were included. various factors such as sex, age, education and income, daily hand washing habits, history of dog owning and soil eating were questioned in patien ... | 2015 | 26547714 |
| [a case strongly suspected of being pulmonary toxocariasis showing multiple pulmonary nodules with a disappearing and reappearing halo sign]. | we report herein on a case strongly suspected of being pulmonary toxocariasis. a 22-year-old indonesian man referred to our hospital presented with abnormal chest shadows upon medical examination. he had no symptoms. he did not have any pets nor did he eat raw beef or chicken. hematological examination revealed eosinophilia and elevation of ige. chest computed tomography revealed 3 pulmonary nodules with the halo sign. we suspected a parasite infection and performed antiparasite antibody testing ... | 2015 | 26552124 |
| toxocariasis-associated cardiac diseases--a systematic review of the literature. | toxocariasis, caused by toxocara canis or toxocara catis, is a worldwide occurring parasitic disease, reaching high prevalences especially in tropical and subtropical countries. the clinical presentation can range from asymptomatic seropositivity to life threatenting disease, depending on the organ system involved. cardiac involvement, one of the possible manifestations of human toxocara spp. infection, is rarely reported in case reports. as far as we know, no systematic reviews of clinical pres ... | 2016 | 26571071 |
| toxocara malaysiensis infection in domestic cats in vietnam--an emerging zoonotic issue? | toxocara canis of canids is a parasitic nematode (ascaridoid) that infects humans and other hosts, causing different forms of toxocariasis. this species of toxocara appears to be the most important cause of human disease, likely followed by toxocara cati from felids. although some studies from malaysia and china have shown that cats can harbor another congener, t. malaysiensis, no information is available about this parasite for other countries. moreover, the zoonotic potential of this parasite ... | 2016 | 26584512 |
| seroepidemiological study of toxocariasis among volunteers animal husbandry workers and veterinary in southern anatolia in turkey in 2014. | human toxocariasis is a parasitic infection caused by the larvae of toxocara canis. we examine the toxocara seroprevalance in veterinarians and animal husbandry workers living in the mugla province, turkey to evaluate better the risk factors for toxocara exposure. | 2017 | 26622303 |
| seroprevalence and associated risk factors of toxocariasis among college students in taipei city, taiwan. | infection by toxocara spp. is known to be significantly associated with partial epilepsy. it has become popular for people to raise dogs/cats as pets and consume roasted meat/viscera, and the status of toxocara spp. infection, epilepsy awareness, and associated risk factors among the general population are currently unknown in taiwan. | 2017 | 26622304 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in domestic dogs in tabasco, southeastern mexico. | the overall goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal (gi) parasites in dogs in the city of villahermosa in tabasco, mexico. the study population consisted of 302 owned dogs that had limited access to public areas. a fecal sample was collected from each animal and examined for gi parasites by conventional macroscopic analysis and centrifugal flotation. fecal samples from 80 (26.5%) dogs contained gi parasites. of these, 58 (19.2%) were positive for helminths and 22 (7 ... | 2015 | 26648011 |
| short communication: experimental toxocarosis in chinese kun ming mice: dose-dependent larval distribution and modulation of immune responses. | toxocarosis is an important parasitic zoonosis which is mainly caused by the infective larvae of toxocara canis. to identify whether there are correlations among the infectious dose, the larval migrans and immune modulation in inbred chinese kun ming (km) mice, experimental infections were carried out with a range of dosages of 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 3000 embryonated eggs (ee). pathogenic reactions were observed in terms of physical and central nervous symptoms. distributions of t. canis larv ... | 2015 | 26679790 |
| larva migrans in india: veterinary and public health perspectives. | despite an important public health problem in developing world like india, larva migrans remains a neglected zoonosis. cutaneous larva migrans, visceral larva migrans, and ocular larva migrans are the important clinical manifestations seen in humans in india. although many nematode parasites have the ability to cause the infection, the disease primarily occurs due to ancylostoma caninum and toxocara canis. presence of the infection in dogs is an indirect indication of its incidence in humans in ... | 2015 | 26688621 |
| prevalence of zoonotic intestinal parasites in household and stray dogs in rural areas of hamadan, western iran. | zoonotic parasitic infections are a major global public and veterinary health problem and widespread among dogs. the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasites in stray and household dogs in the rural areas of hamadan district. during 2012, 1,500 fresh fecal samples from 243 household and 1,257 stray dogs were examined by using direct wet mount, simple zinc sulfate flotation, and lugol's solution staining. of 1,500 dogs, 20.4% were positive for intestinal parasi ... | 2015 | 26691252 |
| new hosts and localities for helminths of carnivores in argentina. | a total of 111 samples (43 faeces and 79 gastrointestinal tracts) of 14 wild carnivore species from 12 argentine provinces were analyzed. helminth eggs were identified in 73% of the faecal samples and adult worms were recovered from 81% of the gastrointestinal tracts. we found 19 helminth species. among the most frequent findings were parasites of domestic carnivores, namely toxocara canis, toxocara cati, toxascaris leonina, ancylostoma caninum, ancylostoma tubaeforme and uncinaria stenocephala. ... | 2015 | 26701468 |
| [the epidemiological and epizootiological component of toxocariasis foci as an element of the environmental management system (in case of the republic of altai)]. | the epidemiological and epizootiological features of toxocariasis foci were investigated in the republic of altai. the results of coproovoscopic examinations of dogs, those of serological screening for toxocariasis among different age and occupational groups and coniingents at risk for hiv infection, hepatitis b and c, patients with allergic and bronchopulmonary diseases, toxocariasis mortality rates in the republic of altai, and the materials of sanitary and parasitological studies of soil and ... | 2016 | 26720968 |
| toxocara canis glycans influence antigen recognition by mouse igg1 and igm antibodies. | the impact of sugar moieties of toxocara canis glycoprotein antigens on their recognition by infected mouse antibodies was investigated in this study. native tes and recombinant toxocara mucins generated in pichia pastoris yeast as well as their deglycosylated forms were used in elisa. tes and recombinant mucins were equally recognized by t. canis infected mouse igg1 antibodies. igm immunoglobulins predominantly recognized tes antigens. among mucins recognition of tc-muc-4 was the most significa ... | 2016 | 26751891 |
| molecular identification of ancylostoma species from dogs and an assessment of zoonotic risk in low-income households, são paulo state, brazil. | hookworm infection stands out for its worldwide distribution and for its veterinary and public health relevance. based on copromicroscopic examinations and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of the its1-5.8s-its2 region, we assessed, respectively, the prevalence of intestinal parasites and the identification of canine hookworm species in faeces recovered from 278 dogs living in households of an inland municipality of são paulo state, brazil. intestinal parasites were found in 67.3% of ... | 2017 | 26752269 |
| toxocara canis: larvicidal activity of fatty acid amides. | considering the therapeutic potential of fatty acid amides, the present study aimed to evaluate their in vitro activity against toxocara canis larvae and their cytotoxicity for the first time. linoleylpyrrolidilamide was the most potent, with a minimal larvicidal concentration (mlc) of 0.05 mg/ml and 27% cytotoxicity against murine peritoneal macrophages c57bl/6 mice, as assessed by the mtt assay. | 2016 | 26783180 |
| seroepidemiology of toxocariasis in children (5-15 yr old) referred to the pediatric clinic of imam hossein hospital, isfahan, iran. | human toxocariasis, a helminthozoonosis, is due to the migration of toxocara species larvae into human organisms. humans, especially children become infected by ingesting of embryonated eggs from soil, dirty hands, and raw vegetables. seroprevalence of this infection is high in developed countries, especially in rural areas. the aim of this study was to investigate the seroepidemiology of toxocariasis in children referred to the pediatric clinic of imam hossein hospital, isfahan, iran. | 2017 | 26811731 |
| efficacy of afoxolaner plus milbemycin oxime chewable tablets against naturally acquired intestinal nematodes in dogs. | the efficacy of oral afoxolaner plus milbemycin oxime combination chewable tablets (nexgard spectra, merial) against naturally acquired intestinal nematode infections in dogs was evaluated in six negative control, blinded studies including a total of 114 dogs. dogs were selected based on a pre-treatment fecal examination indicating patent infections with hookworms (two studies), toxocara or toxascaris ascarids (one study each) or trichuris whipworms (two studies). in each study, dogs were assign ... | 2016 | 26827857 |
| toxocara canis myelitis involving the lumbosacral region: a case report. | toxocara canis is a parasite known to cause visceral larva migrans. the infection rarely affects the central nervous system but there have been several reports of myelitis caused by visceral larva migrans due to toxocara canis. in previous reported cases, the lesions were located in the thoracic or cervical spinal cord. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a lesion involving the lumbosacral region. | 2017 | 26832660 |
| toxocara canis: anthelmintic activity of quinone derivatives in murine toxocarosis. | human toxocarosis is a chronic tissue parasitosis most often caused by toxocara canis. the seroprevalence can reach up to 50%, especially among children and adolescents. the anthelmintics used in the treatment have moderate efficacy. the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of quinones and their derivatives against t. canis larvae and the cytotoxicity of the larvicidal compounds. the compounds were evaluated at 1 mg ml(-1) concentration in microculture ... | 2016 | 26887285 |
| evaluation of a di-o-methylated glycan as a potential antigenic target for the serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis. | serodiagnosis of human toxocariasis is based on the detection of specific igg antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using toxocara larvae excretory-secretory (tes) antigens, but its production is a laborious and time-consuming process being also limited by the availability of adult females of t. canis as source for ova to obtain larvae. chemical synthesis of the di-o-methylated (dim) glycan structure found in the tes antigens has provided material for studying the antibody ... | 2016 | 26896376 |
| evaluation of the goldmann-witmer coefficient in the immunological diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis. | ocular toxocariasis (ot) is a zoonotic parasitic infection mainly caused by the intraocular tissue invasion of second-stage toxocara canis or toxocara cati larva. measuring specific anti-t. canis antibodies in the intraocular fluid (if) can increase ot diagnosis accuracy using goldmann-witmer coefficient (gwc). however, there is no systemic evaluation of gwc application in the immunological diagnosis of ot. to assess gwc for the immunodiagnosis of ocular toxocariasis, paired if and serum samples ... | 2016 | 26899678 |
| prevalence of helminths in dogs and owners' awareness of zoonotic diseases in mampong, ashanti, ghana. | dogs are popular pets that live closely with humans. however, this cohabitation allows for the transmission of zoonotic parasites to humans. in ghana, very little is known about zoonotic parasites in dogs. we examined excrements of 154 dogs for intestinal helminthes using saturated sodium chloride as a floatation medium and further interviewed 100 dog owners regarding knowledge on zoonosis and pet management practices. thirteen parasite species were identified, with an overall prevalence of 52.6 ... | 2016 | 26941994 |
| modulation of il-12 and ifnγ by probiotic supplementation promotes protection against toxocara canis infection in mice. | in this study, supplementation with the probiotic saccharomyces boulardii promoted a reduction in intensity of infection by toxocara canis and modulates cytokines mrna expression in experimentally infected mice. il-12 gene transcription had 40-fold increase in s. boulardii supplemented uninfected mice and sevenfold increase in supplemented infected mice comparing with not supplemented group. regarding ifnγ, similar results were observed, since probiotic supplementation induced approximately 43-f ... | 2016 | 26971490 |
| hunting dogs as sentinel animals for monitoring infections with trichinella spp. in wildlife. | nematode parasites of the genus trichinella are important foodborne pathogens transmitted by ingestion of striated muscles harbouring infective larvae. wild carnivorous and omnivorous animals are the most important reservoirs of these parasites. hunting activities play an important role in trichinella spp. | 2016 | 26984402 |
| sensitivity and efficiency of selected coproscopical methods-sedimentation, combined zinc sulfate sedimentation-flotation, and mcmaster method. | coproscopical methods used in veterinary-parasitological diagnostics were validated according to their sensitivity (se) and egg recovery rate [efficiency (ef)]. validation of the combined sedimentation-flotation method and the modified mcmaster method was performed by using feces spiked with eggs of ancylostoma caninum, uncinaria stenocephala, cooperia oncophora, cyathostomins, ascaris suum, toxascaris leonina, toxocara canis, trichuris vulpis, moniezia expansa, and anoplocephala perfoliata. for ... | 2016 | 26997342 |
| harnessing the toxocara genome to underpin toxocariasis research and new interventions. | parasitic worms, such as flatworms (platyhelminths) and roundworms (nematodes), cause substantial morbidity and mortality in animals and people globally. the ascaridoid nematode toxocara canis is a zoonotic parasite of socioeconomic significance worldwide. in humans, this worm causes toxocariasis (disease) mainly in underprivileged communities in both the developed and developing worlds. while reasonably well studied from clinical and epidemiological perspectives, little is understood about the ... | 2016 | 27015948 |
| kinetics and avidity of anti-toxocara antibodies (igg) in rabbits experimentally infected with toxocara canis. | an evaluation was made of the kinetics and avidity of anti-toxocara antibodies (igg) in rabbits experimentally infected with embryonated toxocara canis eggs. seventeen four month old new zealand white rabbits were distributed into two groups. in the experimental group, twelve rabbits were infected orally with 1,000 embryonated t. canis eggs. a second group (n = 5), uninfected, was used as a control. serum samples were collected for analysis on days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 60 post-infection (dpi). an i ... | 2016 | 27027550 |
| zoonotic enteric parasites transmitted from dogs in egypt with special concern to toxocara canis infection. | this work aimed to study the role played by dogs in transmitting zoonotic enteric parasites to humans in egypt and to analyze the risk factors associated with the occurrence of such infection in dogs. serodiagnosis of anti-toxocara immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies among human beings as well as analyzing risk factors predispose to toxocara canis infection in human beings are another objectives of this study. | 2015 | 27047182 |
| the prevalence of intestinal nematodes in cats and dogs from lancashire, north-west england. | to estimate prevalence of clinically-relevant intestinal nematodes in uk cats and dogs using the sensitive faecal analysis technique flotac. | 2016 | 27071856 |
| endoparasitic fauna of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and golden jackals (canis aureus) in serbia. | wild canides have a high epizootiological - epidemiological significance, considering that they are hosts for some parasites which spread vector born diseases. increased frequency of certain interactions between domestic and wild canides increases the risk of occurrence, spreading and maintaining the infection of parasitic etiology in domestic canides. the research was conducted in 232 wild canides (172 red foxes and 60 golden jackals). the examined material was sampled from foxes and jackals, w ... | 2016 | 27078664 |
| risk factors for toxocara spp. seroprevalence and its association with atopy and asthma phenotypes in school-age children in a small town and semi-rural areas of northeast brazil. | toxocara canis, toxocara cati, are roundworms that live in the intestines of dogs and cats, respectively, and are predominantly agents of human toxocariasis. studies have suggested that toxocara spp. seroprevalence increases levels of total and aeroallergen-specific ige (sige), asthma prevalence and asthma morbidity. nevertheless, other work reported a negative association between toxocara spp. seropositivity with skin hypersensititity and a positive association with sige. the objective of the p ... | 2016 | 27080332 |
| toxocara canis and chronic urticaria. | no abstract. | 2016 | 27090371 |
| toxocariasis and childhood asthma: a case-control study. | the objective of this study is to investigate the association between anti-toxocara igg seropositivity and asthma in children. | 2016 | 27104477 |
| micrornas of toxocara canis and their predicted functional roles. | toxocara canis is the causative agent of toxocariasis of humans and other animals. this parasitic nematode (roundworm) has a complex life cycle, in which substantial developmental changes and switches occur. as small non-coding rnas (srnas) are key regulators of gene expression in a wide range of organisms, we explored these rnas in t. canis to provide a basis for future studies of its developmental biology as well as host interactions and disease at the molecular level. | 2016 | 27108220 |
| identification and quantification of pathogenic helminth eggs using a digital image system. | a system was developed to identify and quantify up to seven species of helminth eggs (ascaris lumbricoides -fertile and unfertile eggs-, trichuris trichiura, toxocara canis, taenia saginata, hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis diminuta, and schistosoma mansoni) in wastewater using different image processing tools and pattern recognition algorithms. the system was developed in three stages. version one was used to explore the viability of the concept of identifying helminth eggs through an image proces ... | 2016 | 27113138 |
| eosinophilic myocarditis due to toxocariasis: not a rare cause. | myocarditis is a clinically important disease because of the high mortality. from the perspective of treatment strategy, eosinophilic myocarditis should be distinguished from other types of myocarditis. toxocariasis, caused by toxocara canis or toxocara cati, is known as a cause of eosinophilic myocarditis but is considered rare. as it is an unpopular disease, eosinophilic myocarditis due to toxocariasis may be underdiagnosed. we experienced two cases of eosinophilic myocarditis due to toxocaria ... | 2016 | 27123346 |
| clinical case of the month: hypereosinophilia in a young woman with a history of childhood asthma. | hypereosinophillia is a rare clinical entity. it is associated with a wide differential diagnosis including neoplasm, infection, and allergic etiologies. clinicians should have a well defined approach to hypereosinophilia in order to find treatable causes. we present a case of hypereosinophillia caused by parasitic infection with toxocara canis. we also review epidemiology, transmission, microbiology, and management of toxocara canis. | 2016 | 27159518 |
| characterization and differential expression analysis of toxocara canis aquaporin-1 gene. | toxocara canis is an intestinal nematode of canids with a worldwide distribution, causing an important but neglected parasitic zoonosis in humans. aquaporins (aqp) are a family of water channel proteins, which function as membrane channels to regulate water homeostasis. in this study, the coding sequence of aquaporin-1 gene of t. canis (tc-aqp-1) was cloned and characterized. the obtained tc-aqp-1 coding sequence was 933 bp in length, which predicted to encode 311 amino acids. two conserved aspa ... | 2016 | 27215210 |
| seroepidemiology of human toxocara and ascaris infections in the netherlands. | toxocara canis, toxocara cati and ascaris suum are worldwide-distributed zoonotic roundworms of dogs, cats and pigs, respectively. the epidemiology of these parasites in developed countries is largely unclear. two countrywide cross-sectional serosurveys were therefore conducted in the netherlands in 1995/1996 and 2006/2007 to investigate the prevalence, trends and risk factors for human toxocara and ascaris infections in the general population. the netherlands is characterized by high pig produc ... | 2016 | 27234034 |
| chronic polyarthritis as isolated manifestation of toxocariasis. | human toxocariasis is a parasitic zoonosis mainly caused by toxocara canis or toxocara cati and is acquired by ingestion of the parasite's embryonated eggs. arthralgia and/or arthritis were reported in up to 17% of the cases, generally with acute duration (less than 6 weeks). however, to our knowledge, chronic polyarthritis, as the isolated presentation of toxocara infection, was not reported. one of the 5809 patients that was followed up at our service (0.017%) had chronic polyarthritis as the ... | 2016 | 27267534 |
| the in vitro effect of prolactin on the growth, motility and expression of prolactin receptors in larvae of toxocara canis. | the in vitro effect of prolactin (prl) on the growth and motility of toxocara canis larvae was assessed. additionally, the expression and location of prolactin receptors (prl-rs) were determined in the larvae. larvae of t. canis were incubated with different concentrations of prl for different periods of time. the stimulated larvae accelerated their enlargement and increased their motility. the mean percentage of prl-r+ cells in non-stimulated larvae, measured by flow cytometry was 7.3±0.3%. com ... | 2016 | 27270387 |
| echinococcus multilocularis and other zoonotic parasites in red foxes in estonia. | red fox (vulpes vulpes) is the most widely distributed canid in the world and an important source of multiple zoonotic pathogens capable of causing life-threatening diseases, such as rabies and alveolar echinococcosis. informing general public of potential risks related to foxes is becoming more important since the fox densities have increased in many countries and the species is colonizing urban areas in europe and around the world with increasing pace, bringing zoonotic pathogens to the immedi ... | 2016 | 27279259 |
| seroepidemiological investigation of toxocara canis in a female greek pregnant population in the area of athens. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the of areas where the soil is contaminated by toxocara ova and also to assess seroepidemiological positivity in a greek pregnant women population (elisa igg test). | 2016 | 27328496 |
| cap protein superfamily members in toxocara canis. | proteins of the cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5 and pathogenesis-related 1 (cap) superfamily are recognized or proposed to play roles in parasite development and reproduction, and in modulating host immune attack and infection processes. however, little is known about these proteins for most parasites. | 2016 | 27342979 |
| toxocara canis-associated myelitis with eosinophilic pneumonia. | the existence of toxocara canis-specific antibodies has recently been reported in patients with atopic myelitis. here, we report the case of a 35-year-old male patient admitted with a chief complaint of right lower limb hypoesthesia lasting for a month. the patient was diagnosed with eosinophilic pneumonia 3 months ago, and a spine mri revealed the presence of myelitis in the cervicothoracic cord. after confirming the presence of hyper-ige-emia and toxocara canis antibodies, the patient was trea ... | 2016 | 27358582 |
| parasite species of the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and a sympatric widespread carnivore. | parasites have a profound impact on wildlife population dynamics. however, until some years ago, studies on the occurrence and prevalence of wildlife parasites were neglected comparatively with the studies on humans and domestic animals. in this study, we determined the parasite prevalence of two sympatric wild canids: the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and the widespread red fox (vulpes vulpes), in central portugal. from november 2014 to july 2015, fresh fecal samples from both ... | 2016 | 27358768 |
| clinical characteristics and progression of liver abscess caused by toxocara. | to evaluate the clinical characteristics and progression of liver abscess caused by toxocara. | 2016 | 27366302 |
| efficacy of oral afoxolaner plus milbemycin oxime chewables against induced gastrointestinal nematode infections in dogs. | the efficacy of oral afoxolaner plus milbemycin oxime combination chewables against induced gastrointestinal nematode infections in dogs was evaluated in six separate studies. two studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy of the product against toxocara canis, two studies evaluated the efficacy against toxascaris leonina, one study evaluated the efficacy against ancylostoma braziliense, and one study evaluated the efficacy against ancylostoma caninum. in the a. caninum study, the efficacy ... | 2016 | 27369586 |
| posterior uveitis or wet age-related macular degeneration? case report. | we present the case of a 61-year-old patient without previous ophthalmic or general history, who developed unilateral posterior pole granuloma and was diagnosed with posterior uveitis most likely due to a systemic toxocara canis infection. clinical examination and ancillary investigations showed elements that were also consistent with wet armd, but laboratory tests and successful use of oral anti-helminthic and corticosteroid therapy in decreasing the macular lesion and improving visual acuity, ... | 2016 | 27373119 |
| gray fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus) parasite diversity in central mexico. | mexico has a long history of parasitological studies in communities of vertebrates. however, the mega diversity of the country makes fauna inventories an ongoing priority. presently, there is little published on the parasite fauna of gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus schereber, 1775) and this study provides new records of parasites for gray foxes in central mexico. it is a continuation of a series of previous parasitological studies conducted with this carnivore in mexico from 2003 to the pre ... | 2016 | 27408801 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs of palampur, himachal pradesh. | a total of 246 faecal/scat samples of the dogs were screened by direct and floatation concentration technique to study the gastrointestinal (gi) tract parasitism in dogs of palampur, himachal pradesh, india. detailed coprological examination targeting different seasons, age groups and living styles of the dogs revealed an overall 28.04 % of gi parasitism with highest prevalence in summer season (37.87 %). stray dogs harbored 47.29 % gi parasites in comparison to 19.19 % of pet dogs. highest prev ... | 2016 | 27413283 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths and management practices for dogs in the greater accra region of ghana. | toxocariosis and ancylostomosis remain the most important parasitic infections affecting companion animals worldwide and pose a risk to animal and human health. information on these infections in dogs in ghana is inadequate. a cross sectional study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths infections and management practices of dogs in the greater accra region (gar) of ghana. faecal samples were obtained from 380 dogs from communities in 11 out of 16 districts in t ... | 2015 | 27441216 |
| helminth infections and cardiovascular diseases: toxocara species is contributing to the disease. | toxocariasis is the clinical term used to describe human infection with either the dog ascarid toxocara canis or the feline ascarid toxocara cati. as with other helminths zoonoses, the infective larvae of these toxocara species cannot mature into adults in the human host. instead, the worms wander through organs and tissues, mainly the liver, lungs, myocardium, kidney and central nervous system, in a vain attempt to find that, which they need to mature into adults. the migration of these immatur ... | 2017 | 27492228 |
| flotation and adherence characteristics of toxocara canis and t. cati and a reliable method for recovering toxocara eggs from soil. | toxocara canis and t. cati are worldwide distributed intestinal nematodes of canids and felids and pose a threat to public health due to possible clinical manifestations in humans. different methods for detection of toxocara eggs in soil have been described, but conducted studies deal with egg recovery rates of t. canis or "toxocara spp." only whereas t. cati egg recovery has not been taken into consideration. thus, flotation properties in sodium chloride solution and adherence characteristics t ... | 2016 | 27523935 |
| [transverse myelitis associated with toxocariasis and the importance of locally produced antibodies for diagnosis]. | toxocariasis caused by toxocara canis or less frequently by t.catis is a common parasitic infection worldwide. clinical spectrum in humans can vary from asymptomatic infection to serious organ disfunction depending on the load of parasite, migration target of the larva and the inflammatory response of the host. transverse myelitis (tm) due to toxocariasis is an uncommon illness identified mainly as case reports in literature. in this report, a case of tm who was diagnosed as neurotoxocariasis by ... | 2016 | 27525404 |
| a field survey on parasites and antibodies against selected pathogens in owned dogs in lilongwe, malawi. | the aim of this study was to screen for selected parasites and antibody levels against vectorborne pathogens in owned dogs in lilongwe, malawi. the study population consisted of 100 dogs; 80 participating in vaccination-spaying campaigns and 20 visiting a veterinary clinic as paying clients. all dogs went through a general physical examination including visual examination for signs of ectoparasites. a total of 100 blood samples were analysed using commercial snap tests and 40 faecal samples by e ... | 2016 | 27543039 |
| the occurrence of toxocara species in naturally infected broiler chickens revealed by molecular approaches. | consuming raw and undercooked meat is known to enhance the risk of human toxocariasis because toxocara species have a wide range of paratenic hosts, including chickens. the aim of this study was to identify species of toxocara in naturally infected broiler chickens using molecular approaches. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was used for the differentiation of toxocara canis and toxocara cati larvae recovered from tissues and organs, and identified by microscopic observations. thirty-thr ... | 2016 | 27571878 |
| neotropical zoonotic parasites in bush dogs (speothos venaticus) from upper paraná atlantic forests in misiones, argentina. | wildlife remains an important source of zoonotic diseases for the most vulnerable groups of humans, primarily those living in rural areas or coexisting with forest. the upper paraná atlantic forest of misiones, argentina is facing ongoing environmental and anthropogenic changes, which affect the local biodiversity, including the bush dog (speothos venaticus), a small canid considered near threatened globally and endangered locally. this project aimed to expand the knowledge of zoonotic parasites ... | 2016 | 27603553 |
| optimal elisa antigen for the diagnosis of ascaris suum infection in humans. | ascarid nematodes, ascaris suum, toxocara canis and toxocara cati, are the most important causative species of larva migrans syndrome (lms) in humans. although the diagnosis of ascarid lms is generally based on serological tests, specific serological tests for a. suum infection have not been fully developed. in the present study, the sensitivity and specificity of three a. suum antigen preparations, i.e., the somatic adult worm antigen (as-swap), larval excretory-secretory (es) antigens derived ... | 2016 | 27604123 |
| domestic dog as a human health hazard in north of iran. | an epidemiological study was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminthic parasites of domestic dogs using stool samples in north of iran in 2013. stool samples (n = 100) were collected from domestic dogs of different ages and genders. different techniques including wet smear, formalin-ether sedimentation method and flotation technique in saturated zinc chloride solution were performed on collected stools to detect eggs and larval stage of helminthes parasites. the overall prevalence of h ... | 2016 | 27605812 |
| in vitro production of toxocara canis excretory-secretory (tes) antigen. | toxocara canis is a widespread gastrointestinal nematode parasite of dogs and cause toxocara larva migrans, an important zoonotic disease in humans on ingestion of infective eggs. toxocarosis is one of the few human parasitic diseases whose serodiagnosis uses a standardized antigen, t. canis excretory secretory antigen (tes). the present study describes collection of t. canis adult worm, collection and embryonation of t. canis eggs, hatching and separation of t. canis larvae, in vitro maintenanc ... | 2016 | 27605834 |
| production and evaluation of the recombinant antigen tes-30 of toxocara canis for the immunodiagnosis of toxocariasis. | toxocara canis is a pathogenic nematode of canines which can be accidentally transmitted to humans. although serology is the most important diagnostic tool for this zoonosis, diagnostic kits use crude excretion/secretion antigens, most of them being glycoproteins which are not species-specific and may cross-react with antibodies generated against other parasites. | 2016 | 27622437 |
| proteomic analysis of toxocara canis excretory and secretory (tes) proteins. | toxocariasis is a neglected disease, and its main etiological agent is the nematode toxocara canis. serological diagnosis is performed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using t. canis excretory and secretory (tes) antigens produced by in vitro cultivation of larvae. identification of tes proteins can be useful for the development of new diagnostic strategies since few tes components have been described so far. herein, we report the results obtained by proteomic analysis of tes proteins usi ... | 2017 | 27638150 |
| frequency of anti- toxocara spp. antibodies in individuals attended by the centro de salud familiar and environmental contamination with toxocara canis eggs in dog feces, in the coastal niebla town, chile. | the frequency of anti-toxocara spp. antibodies in individuals attended by the centro de salud familiar in the coastal niebla town, chile, was related to the host and to environmental factors. igg anti- toxocara antibodies were detected with a commercial elisa kit (scimedx corporation, usa). samples with undetermined absorbance values were subjected to an additional elisa standardized by the instituto de salud pública, chilean health ministry, a commercial elisa (novatec, germany), and a commerci ... | 2016 | 27680167 |