Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| bacteriology of neonatal septicaemia in a rural referral hospital in south india. | out of 640 suspected cases of neonatal septicaemia studied, bacteraemia was detected in 255 (40 per cent) of the infants. gram negative organisms were predominant (56 per cent) with pseudomonas, citrobacter, and klebsiella as the commonest pathogens. among the gram positive organisms both staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were equally prevalent. staphylococci were mainly responsible for early onset infections, whereas salmonella typhimurium and pseudomonas were the main organi ... | 1993 | 8411317 |
| gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis: a twenty-one-year experience. | we reviewed our experience with gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis in neonates and infants from 1969 through 1989. ninety-eight patients were identified. their ages were from 1 day to 2 years with a median of 10 days. in 25 patients (26%), predisposing factors were identified, the most common of which were neural tube defects and urinary tract anomalies. the causative agents were escherichia coli (53%), klebsiella-enterobacter species (16%), citrobacter diversus (9%), salmonella species ... | 1993 | 8419603 |
| [nose and throat carriage in "food handlers"]. | from december 1991 to february 1992, 450 personnel have been investigated for pathogen microorganisms in their nose and throat. the study was performed in the infectious diseases section of gülhane military medical academy. pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from 54 nose culture (12%) and 6 throat culture (1.33%). in one person pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from his nose and throat. the difference between the two groups (the nose and throat cultures) was significant at p = 0 ... | 1993 | 8421445 |
| shiga-like toxin ii-related cytotoxins in citrobacter freundii strains from humans and beef samples. | by hybridizing colonies grown from 928 individual stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea with oligonucleotide probes 772 and 849 complementary to shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) and slt-ii gene sequences, respectively, we identified two strains that hybridized with probe 849, which biochemical identification revealed as citrobacter freundii. an additional five slt-ii probe-positive isolates were screened from 81 beef samples. polymerase chain reaction analysis and restriction of amplified ... | 1993 | 8423084 |
| role of ser-238 and lys-240 in the hydrolysis of third-generation cephalosporins by shv-type beta-lactamases probed by site-directed mutagenesis and three-dimensional modeling. | a growing number of extended spectrum shv-type beta-lactamases capable of hydrolyzing third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime have been reported. these new enzymes differ by a few amino acids from shv-1, an enzyme incapable of hydrolyzing these drugs. two of these substitutions, gly-238-->ser and glu-240-->lys, are in a key beta-strand of the catalytic site of class a beta-lactamases. to understand the structural basis of these new activities, we first subcloned the dn ... | 1993 | 8429044 |
| interspecific plasmid transfer and modification of heat-stable enterotoxin expression by klebsiella pneumoniae from infants with diarrhea. | we have previously described two heat-stable enterotoxins (st) produced by citrobacter freundii and by klebsiella pneumoniae. to see whether transfer of toxigenic ability may occur between different bacterial species, conjugal mating experiments were performed using strains isolated from children. donors and recipients were incubated together. st production by the recipients was tested by the suckling mouse assay, which is the standard biologic method for detecting st, and also by an elisa test. ... | 1993 | 8433897 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of fk037, a novel parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | fk037 is a new parenteral cephalosporin, which offers some advantages over the commercially available parenteral cephalosporins. it demonstrated potent broad-spectrum activity against clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa. against clinical isolates of aerobic gram-positive bacteria, fk037, like cefpirome, demonstrated more potent activity than ceftazidime, cefoperazone and ceftizoxime ... | 1993 | 8436562 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of urinary pathogens from inpatients in kumasi, ghana. | 1993 | 8438516 | |
| analysis of 7-substituted sialic acid in some enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides. | sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides (lps) were isolated from six bacterial strains of the family enterobacteriaceae. sialic acid was released from permethylated lps by methanolysis, and partially o-methylated n-acetyl-n-methyl-neuraminic acid methyl ester methyl glycosides were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry. it was proved that all lps contain n-acetylneuraminic acid (neuac). the occurrence of 7-substituted neuac in escherichia coli serotypes o ... | 1993 | 8444811 |
| characterization of the replicon from plasmid pac1 from acetobacter pasteurianus. | a panel of recombinant plasmids pack5 and pact7 was prepared by introducing kanamycin and tetracycline resistance into the partially split plasmid pac1 which contained replicon isolated from acetobacter pasteurianus. the replicon in plasmid pac1 is compatible with the cole1 replicon. compared to pbr322, the plasmid had more than 30 copies per chromosome in escherichia coli cells. plasmids were transformed into e. coli dh1, acetobacter pasteurianus 3614, acetobacter aceti 3620, shigella, citrobac ... | 1993 | 8447828 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk-037, a parenteral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, 5-amino-2-[[(6r, 7r)-7-[[(z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2- methoxyimino) acetyl] amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1- azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1h-pyrazoli um hydroxide, inner salt, sulfate (1:1), a new parenteral cephem, was compared with those of cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. fk-037 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylocci at < or = 4 micrograms/ml. of 98 isolates of homogenous methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 1993 | 8460925 |
| detection of salmonella in animal protein by rappaport-vassiliadis broth using indirect impediometry. | indirect impedance methodology for the detection of salmonella was investigated using a rapid automated bacterial impedance technique (rabit) system. four commercially available rappaport-vassiliadis (rv) enrichment broths were evaluated for their sensitivity and selectivity in detecting salmonella using this technique. the rv from lab m and oxoid (new) gave the shortest detection times and showed good correlation between salmonella numbers and detection times. using lab m medium, the indirect i ... | 1993 | 8466801 |
| purification and characterization of three carboxylesterases from enterobacteriaceae. | the carboxylesterases from proteus vulgaris, salmonella enterica and citrobacter amalonaticus were purified 104-, 95- and 120-fold, respectively by chromatography. the enzymes had similar catalytic activities but differed considerably in their inactivation by heat, di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and cd2+, zn2+, hg2+ and cu2+. quantitative neutralization of hydrolytic activity with specific immunoglobulins indicated that the three enzymes were antigenically distinct. | 1993 | 8472928 |
| citrobacter diversus ventriculitis and brain abscesses in an adult. | a case of citrobacter diversus brain abscesses following urinary infection in an adult is described. the patient was treated with surgical drainage, netilmicin and cefotaxime. citrobacter species cns infection is discussed. | 1993 | 8473769 |
| overproduction, solubilization, purification and dna-binding properties of ampr from citrobacter freundii. | ampr belongs to the lysr family of prokaryotic dna-binding transcriptional regulators and controls induction of the enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase gene. the ampr gene of citrobacter freundii was deregulated by employing the polymerase chain reaction to introduce an efficient ribosome-binding sequence and suitable restriction enzyme sites for cloning into a chemically inducible tac-promoter expression vector. when induced in escherichia coli, the modified ampr gene rapidly overproduced the a ... | 1993 | 8477712 |
| the activity of cefpirome and ten other antibacterial agents against 2858 clinical isolates collected from 20 centres. | two thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight aerobic clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas species, staphylococci, streptococci and haemophilus species were collected in 19 geographically separated centres in the uk and one in ireland. the identity of each isolate was confirmed at southmead hospital and the mic of cefpirome, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephradine, amoxycillin, piperacillin, imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim was determined by an agar dilut ... | 1993 | 8486569 |
| attaching and effacing locus of a citrobacter freundii biotype that causes transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 produces attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the large intestine of laboratory mice and is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. ae lesions are also produced by enteropathogenic escherichia coli in humans. southern analysis revealed that biotype 4280, but not 20 other strains of c. freundii, contained dna homologous to the eae (e. coli attaching and effacing) gene which is necessary for ae activity by enteropathogenic e. coli in vit ... | 1993 | 8500884 |
| immunological relatedness of the lamb proteins among members of enterobacteriaceae. | we have studied the immunological relatedness of lamb proteins from a wide range of enterobacterial species, using antibodies directed against denatured escherichia coli k12 and klebsiella pneumoniae lamb proteins (lambe.c. and lambk.p., respectively), and anti-peptide antibodies directed against 10 distinct loops of lamb from e. coli k12 predicted to protrude either side of the outer membrane. we have shown that a protein immunologically related to lambe.c. and lambk.p. was present in all membe ... | 1993 | 8515243 |
| specific detection of salmonella spp. by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | three sets of oligonucleotide primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect salmonella species. phop primers specific to the phop/phoq loci of coliform pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, shigella, escherichia coli, and citrobacter species served as presumptive indicators of enteric bacteria. in addition to the phop primers, the hin and the h-1i primers, which targeted a 236-bp region of hin/h2 and a 173-bp region of the h-1i flagellin gene, respectively, were used ... | 1993 | 8517741 |
| [acute gastric distension due to sepsis in a newborn infant]. | the acute distention of stomach in the newborn is conditional by metabolic alterations like hypocalcemia or by septic states. we present the case of a newborn with antecedents of membrane rupture for 12 hours obtained by cesarean procedure, of 38 weeks by capurro, score without perinatal asphyxia and 3320 g of birth weight, which evolutioned with respiratory distress and its first exams showed leukopenia, low platelet count and the cerebrospinal fluid showed 390 cells with polymorphonuclear pred ... | 1993 | 8517936 |
| molecular epidemiology of ceftazidime resistant enterobacteriaceae from patients on a paediatric oncology ward. | between the autumn of 1989 and january 1990, 21 of the 44 children on the paediatric oncology ward of st. james's university hospital, leeds, uk were infected or colonised with enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. this represents 48% of the patients on the ward. only six patients (14%) had microbiologically proven septicaemia caused by such bacteria during this period. eighty-one isolates of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases derived from bl ... | 1995 | 8537285 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1990). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 848 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1990 to may 1991. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.9% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76.1% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ... | 1995 | 8544334 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1990). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1990 to may 1991 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with indwel ... | 1995 | 8544336 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1991). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 751 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1991 to may 1992. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.6% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.4% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8544337 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1991). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 11 hospitals during june 1991 to may 1992 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with ind ... | 1995 | 8544339 |
| slya, a regulatory protein from salmonella typhimurium, induces a haemolytic and pore-forming protein in escherichia coli. | a chromosomal fragment from salmonella typhimurium, when cloned in escherichia coli, generates a haemolytic phenotype. this fragment carries two genes, termed slya and slyb. the expression of slya is sufficient for the haemolytic phenotype. the haemolytic activity of e. coli carrying multiple copies of slya is found mainly in the cytoplasm, with some in the periplasm of cells grown to stationary phase, but overexpression of slyb, a 15 kda lipoprotein probably located in the outer membrane, may l ... | 1995 | 8544813 |
| aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis. | to study the aerobic and anaerobic microbiologic characteristics of superficial suppurative thrombophlebitis. | 1996 | 8546586 |
| tolerance to acid in ph 5.0-grown organisms of potentially pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. | a wide range of potentially pathogenic species of gram-negative bacteria were far more resistant to extreme acidity (ph 2.0-3.5) when cultured at ph 5.0 (habituated to acid) than after ph 7.0 culture. the differences were particularly great for citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., klebsiella spp. and for vibrio parahaemolyticus; substantial habituation was also observed for proteus mirabilis and aeromonas formicans but the effect was less marked for serratia marcescens and acinetobacter calcoace ... | 1995 | 8554762 |
| detection of escherichia coli in potable water using direct impedance technology. | direct impedance measurement utilizing a medium previously described as being specific for escherichia coli and which contains trimethylamine n-oxide (tmao) and glucuronic acid was used to detect e. coli in water samples. the system was compared with the colilert presence/absence test and the united kingdom standard membrane filtration technique using membrane lauryl sulphate broth. the impedance method correlated well with both the traditional membrane method (93%) and the colilert method (93.9 ... | 1995 | 8557618 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1992). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 732 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1992 to may 1993. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.4% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.6% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558754 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1992). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 11 hospitals during june 1992 to may 1993 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and co ... | 1995 | 8558756 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1993). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 657 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1993 to may 1994. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558757 |
| beta-d-glucuronidase activity among prototrophic and auxotrophic variants of escherichia coli and other enterobacteriaceae commonly implicated in urinary tract infections. | glucuronidase (gud) activity of 102 prototrophic, 91 cysteine-requiring, and 19 thymidine-requiring strains of escherichia coli was examined using growth from macconkey, cled, and enriched brain heart infusion (bhi) agars. after 24 h incubation, gud activity was detected in 92%-96% of prototrophic strains and a similar proportion of thymidine-requiring strains with most reactions detectable in shorter incubation periods. gud activity among strains requiring cysteine was significantly less than t ... | 1995 | 8565414 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a gene upstream of the eaea gene of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7. | a dna segment located immediately upstream of the eaea gene of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7 strain ha1 was cloned and sequenced. this segment contained an open reading frame encoding a predicted protein of 156 amino acids. a database search identified similar open reading frames upstream of the eaea gene in two other bacterial pathogens, i.e. enteropathogenic e. coli and citrobacter freundii. the predicted amino acid sequence of the enterohemorrhagic e. coli protein shared 96.8% an ... | 1995 | 8566710 |
| vertical transmission of citrobacter diversus documented by dna fingerprinting. | to confirm the vertical transmission of citrobacter diversus from a mother to her infant and to evaluate the epidemiologic usefulness of a new automated procedure for analysis of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-generated dna fingerprints. | 1995 | 8568200 |
| crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i at 2.15 a resolution. | the x-ray crystal structure of citrobacter freundii restriction endonuclease cfr10i has been determined at a resolution of 2.15 a by multiple isomorphous replacement methods and refined to an r-factor of 19.64%. the structure of cfr10i represents the first structure of a restriction endonuclease recognizing a degenerated nucleotide sequence. structural comparison of cfr10i with previously solved structures of other restriction enzymes suggests that recognition of specific sequence occurs through ... | 1996 | 8568865 |
| role of the viab locus in synthesis, transport and expression of salmonella typhi vi antigen. | the vi antigen is a capsular polysaccharide expressed by salmonella typhi, the agent of human typhoid fever. expression of this antigen is controlled by the viaa and viab chromosomal loci. the viab locus is composed of 11 genes designated tvia-tvie (typhi vi), vexa-vexe (vi antigen export) and orf11. we constructed s. typhi ty2 strains carrying non-polar mutations in ten genes located at the viab locus and examined the individual contribution of each gene to vi phenotype. phenotypes of the mutan ... | 1995 | 8574397 |
| dna sequence differences of ampd mutants of citrobacter freundii. | three groups of mutants with increased levels of beta-lactamase synthesis were selected from citrobacter freundii 382010 by beta-lactam antibiotics at concentrations just above the mic. uninduced cultures of the hyperinducible group had 3- to 5-fold more beta-lactamase activity than the parent strain, with one mutant (termed type b) expressing 19 times the activity of the parent strain; the partially derepressed group had a relative 55-fold increase, while fully derepressed strains exhibited a 4 ... | 1995 | 8585732 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1993). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1993 to may 1994 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and co ... | 1995 | 8587162 |
| [antimicrobial activities of cefepime against clinically isolated strains]. | in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefepime (cfpm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cfpm and other drugs were determined against clinical isolates that were obtained in 1994. 1. cfpm showed a wide antibacterial spectrum against staphylococcus spp. and glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods ((g)nf-gnr). antimicrobial activities of cfpm against staphylococcus spp. were stronger than those of ceftazidime (caz) and somewhat stronger than those of cefotaxime (ctx), and an ... | 1995 | 8587165 |
| the relationship between antecedent antibiotic use and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. | gram-negative pathogens are increasingly resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs). using a prospective, case-controlled observational study, we examined the prevalence and the risk factors for development of resistance to escs in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. of the 386 isolates of enterobacter species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter species, and serratia marsescens from 340 consecutive patients, 70 (18.1%) were resistant to escs; the highest rates of resistance we ... | 1995 | 8589129 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of t-5575 and t-5578 novel parenteral 2-carboxypenams. | t-5575 and t-5578, novel 2-carboxypenams in which a carboxyl group has been introduced into the c-2 beta position of the nucleus, were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial properties. the spectrum of activity of t-5575 was similar to that of aztreonam. however, it showed stronger activities than those of aztreonam against most gram-negative bacteria. t-5575 also showed potent activities against isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to ... | 1995 | 8593021 |
| structure of the o-specific polysaccharide chain of citrobacter freundii o28,1c lipopolysaccharide. | 1995 | 8593629 | |
| isolation, identification, and transcriptional specificity of the heat shock sigma factor sigma32 from caulobacter crescentus. | we report the identification of the caulobacter crescentus heat shock factor sigma32 as a 34-kda protein that copurifies with the rna polymerase holoenzyme. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein was determined and used to design a degenerate oligonucleotide as a probe to identify the corresponding gene, rpoh, which encodes a predicted protein with a molecular mass of 33,659 da. the amino acid sequence of this protein is similar to those of known bacterial heat shock sigma factors of ... | 1996 | 8606189 |
| the detection of verocytotoxins in bacterial cultures from human diarrhoeal samples with monoclonal antibody-based elisas. | bacterial cultures from 1801 human diarrhoeal faecal specimens were examined for verocytotoxins i and ii by monoclonal antibody-based sandwich elisas. of the 68 elisa-positive cultures selected from initial screening, 32 were positive by elisa on repeat or from freshly grown cultures. elisa-positive pure cultures were obtained from 13 of these, of which seven were confirmed as verocytotoxin positive by cytotoxicity assay. these seven strains were typed as o26 (5) and o146 (2). the six false posi ... | 1996 | 8606355 |
| citrobacter sepsis in infants. | 1995 | 8613295 | |
| the most frequently occurring aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms--combined results of surveys in eight regions of the world. the aminoglycoside resistance study groups. | aminoglycoside-resistant isolates from different patients were collected in 149 hospitals in eight regions of the world. aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms were determined in 11,079 of these isolates by the correlation of resistance phenotypes to 12 aminoglycosides and dna hybridisation with up to 19 resistance genes. a very large diversity of different resistance mechanisms was found. for example, in escherichia-morganella-proteus-salmonella-shigella, at total of 53 different mechanisms was f ... | 1995 | 8622108 |
| the changing nature of aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms and the role of isepamicin--a new broad-spectrum aminoglycoside. the aminoglycoside resistance study groups. | aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms from recent studies were compared with those found in earlier studies in the usa and europe for three pathogen groups. among citrobacter-enterobacter-klebsiella, four single mechanisms (aac(3)-ii, aac(3)-i, ant(2")-i and aac(6')-i were found in all studies, but the most recent studies showed a significant increase in combinations of aac(6')-i with the other common mechanisms. since aac(6')-i confers resistance to tobramycin, netilmicin and amikacin, combinati ... | 1995 | 8622109 |
| identification of tonb homologs in the family enterobacteriaceae and evidence for conservation of tonb-dependent energy transduction complexes. | the transport of fe(iii)-siderophore complexes and vitamin b12 across the outer membrane of escherichia coli requires the tonb-dependent energy transduction system. a set of murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was generated against an e. coli trpc-tonb fusion protein to facilitate structure and function studies. in the present study, the epitopes recognized by these mabs were mapped, and their distribution in gram-negative organisms was examined. cross-species reactivity patterns obtained agains ... | 1996 | 8631714 |
| affinity purification and binding characteristics of citrobacter freundii ampr, the transcriptional regulator of the ampc beta-lactamase gene. | the transcriptional regulator of the citrobacter freundii ampc beta-lactamase gene, ampr, was purified as a single sds/page-gel band by using various techniques, including dna-sepharose 4b affinity chromatography. the purified ampr consisted of a 32.5 kda monomer that interacted with three operator sequences: two binding sequences, at positions -75 to -70 and -67 to -51 with respect to the transcriptional start site, were located in the lysr motif (-72 to -60), and the third sequence was at posi ... | 1996 | 8639272 |
| [clinical and laboratory significance of inducible beta-lactamases]. | many species of bacteria have inducible expression of beta-lactamase and the enzyme production in these bacteria is normally held at a low level by a repressor mechanism, but in the presence of a beta-lactamase inducer this repression is lifted and enzyme production is greatly increased. inducible synthesis of beta-lactamase was first described for the gram-positive organism bacillus licheniformis. after that inducible expression of beta-lactamase was discovered in gram-negative bacteria like en ... | 1995 | 8643019 |
| growth suppression in early-stationary-phase nutrient broth cultures of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli is genus specific and not regulated by sigma s. | we have studied the growth suppression seen in early-stationary-phase lb broth cultures of salmonella typhimurium. multiplication of small numbers of an antibiotic-resistant s. typhimurium mutant was prevented when the mutant was added to 24-h cultures of the antibiotic-sensitive parent strain, whereas an antibiotic-resistant mutant of an escherichia coli strain added to the same culture grew well. a 24-h e. coli culture produced a similar specific bacteriostatic inhibition against e. coli. in o ... | 1996 | 8655482 |
| assessment of biodegradability of organic acids by a defined microbial mixture. | 1996 | 8661457 | |
| the catalytic mechanism of tyrosine phenol-lyase from erwinia herbicola: the effect of substrate structure on ph-dependence of kinetic parameters in the reactions with ring-substituted tyrosines. | apparently homogeneous tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) from erwinia herbicola has been prepared by a new method. the ph-dependencies of the main kinetic parameters for the reactions of erwinia tpl with tyrosine, 2-fluorotyrosine, 3-fluorotyrosine, 2-chlorotyrosine, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) have been studied. the pattern of ph-dependence of v(max) depends on the nature of the substituent in the aromatic ring. for the substrates bearing small substituents (h, 2-f, 3-f) v(max) values were ... | 1996 | 8663898 |
| inhibition of the hemolytic activity of the first component of complement c1 by an escherichia coli c1q binding protein. | molecular mimicry is a well established mechanism via which bacteria protect themselves from complement-mediated killing. we have previously demonstrated that a number of human cells express receptors for c1q (c1qr) and that the soluble form of this receptor inhibits activation of the classical pathway of complement. we now investigated whether escherichia coli possesses a c1qr-like protein that protects these bacteria from complement-mediated injury. by facs analysis it was shown that approxima ... | 1996 | 8666822 |
| antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase among clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria in riyadh. | the activity of ciprofloxacin, imipenem and 12 other commonly used antibiotics was evaluated against 106 documented clinical isolates from a medical intensive care unit (icu). the resistance rates to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftazidime were 42, 25, 24 and 21%, respectively. apart from pseudomonas aeruginosa, all isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and imipenem. complete cross resistance among tested beta-lactam groups was uniformly evident in enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter ... | 1995 | 8667034 |
| belgian multicentre study on the in vitro activity of cefepime against gram-negative bacilli. | the in vitro activity of cefepime has been compared with that of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and piperacillin against 1826 enterobacteriaceae including 537 inducible enterobacteriaceae (enterobacter spp., serratia spp., citrobacter spp,. morganella morganii) and 572 non-fermenters, including 401 pseudomonas aeruginosa and 111 acinebacter spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in 28 belgian hospitals. overall, cefepime was found substantially more active than the third-generation cephal ... | 1996 | 8669160 |
| the use of a rapid salmonella latex serogrouping test (spectate) to assist in the confirmation of elisa-based rapid salmonella screening tests. | spectate, a 10 min, simple, latex-based agglutination test for serogrouping of salmonellae, has been investigated as a tool to assist in the confirmation of elisa presumptive positive broth samples when screening for salmonellae in foods. when obtaining a combined elisa and spectate positive result, there was a 90% (27/30) confidence limit of a genuine positive result, some one or two working days quicker than the traditional methods. of the 10% (3/30) that were not confirmed as salmonellas, two ... | 1996 | 8672278 |
| susceptibility of bacterial isolates to beta-lactam antibiotics from u.s. clinical trials over a 5-year period. | results are reported for agar dilution susceptibility testing of 3,075 isolates of aerobic bacteria collected from >200 u.s. institutions, located in 30 different states. these isolates were collected from 1987 through 1991 from patients who participated in cefepime clinical trials. cefepime susceptibility was compared with ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, and imipenem. to avoid duplication of strains, only initial isolates were included. cefepime minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 1996 | 8678092 |
| comparative activity of eight antimicrobial agents against clinical bacterial isolates from the united states, measured by two methods. | in a surveillance study conducted during 1992-1993 at 83 medical institutions of different types and sizes (e.g., laboratories, community hospitals, teaching hospitals) and from different geographical areas of the united states, clinical bacterial isolates were tested for their susceptibility to eight comparative antimicrobial agents (cefepime, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, and piperacillin). a total of 12,574 isolates were tested by either the etest ... | 1996 | 8678094 |
| bacteriologic and clinical applications of a new extended-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin. | although third-generation cephalosporins have been considered the backbone of antibiotic therapy for the treatment of many kinds of serious infections, including those in hospitalized patients, lack of activity against some important pathogens still exists among currently available drugs. in addition, increasing accounts of antibiotic resistance, particularly in the hospital environment, are of deep concern and have thus led to the need for the development of newer antimicrobial agents. cefepime ... | 1996 | 8678097 |
| [variation in transfer resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam in strains of acinetobacter sp., enterobacter sp. and citrobacter sp. isolated from the same university hospitals]. | in the last decade were in sr documented new problems in resistance to the newer antibiotics that with regard to their structure and antibacterial properties resisted to the known mechanism of bacterial resistance. the emergence of multiple drug resistance to the new betalactams is connected both with frequent application of these drugs in the hospitals and transfer of r plasmids. | 1996 | 8681362 |
| thermal necrosis after tibial reaming for intramedullary nail fixation. a report of three cases. | we present three young men who sustained closed diaphyseal fracture of the tibia and later developed severe osteocutaneous necrosis induced by heat during intramedullary reaming. they all had a narrow medullary cavity and in all a tourniquet had been used. each developed a pretibial cutaneous blister soon after operation. in the following month severe osteomyelitis ensued, requiring segmental resection and osteocutaneous reconstruction. | 1996 | 8682825 |
| resistance to antibiotics in gram-negative rods from clinical material of hospital and community origin. | the authors examined the resistance to 13 antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents by the diluting micromethod and the routine disk method in the group of 5375 gram-negative strains of 7 genera which prevailed in clinical material of an hospital (fn olomouc) and in material of community (ohs olomouc) provenance during the years 1992 and 1993. in the majority of cases, the resistance was more frequent in the strains isolated from the hospital material. the most remarkable differences were found in ... | 1995 | 8686556 |
| [an additional test in the identification of enterobacteriaceae and some representatives of the genus vibrio]. | an additional test: aerobic redox fermentation in semiliquid hiss' medium with mannitol is recommended for the indication of enterobacteriaceae, vibrio, etc. the majority of mannite-fermenting enterobacteria change the color of the indicator in a thin upper layer of a column of semiliquid hiss' medium in comparison with the bulk of medium after 20-24 h growth in it. such changes of the indicator are never observed with shigella, salmonella, vibrio bacteria of the studied strains, yersinia, some ... | 1995 | 8689063 |
| use of two 16s dna targeted oligonucleotides as pcr primers for the specific detection of salmonella in foods. | a 16s dna targeted polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method specific for the detection of salmonella isolates with various serotypes was developed. the primers used for such a pcr method were 16sf1 and 16siii. 16sf1 is the reverse and complementary strand of 16si which has been shown to be able to hybridize with salmonella and citrobacter spp. 16iii on the other hand, is able to hybridize with klebsiella and serratia spp. in addition to salmonella. although 16sf1 and 16siii were not specific to sa ... | 1996 | 8698667 |
| bacteria in surface infections of neonates. | a bacteriological work on surface infections was done among live births (study group i) and neonates admitted in hospital (study group ii). out of 134 cases of conjunctivitis in group i gram-negative bacilli predominated (48.5%) with escherichia coli accounting for 29 (14.9%) cases, klebsiella species 15 (11.2%) cases, citrobacter freundii 3 (2.2%) cases, pseudomons aeruginosa 18 (13.4%) cases and aeromonas hydrophila 3 (2.2%) amongst pure isolates (73.9%). gonococcus was noted in 2 (1.5%) cases ... | 1995 | 8699037 |
| the occurrence of glycine in bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the aminoacyl analysis of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) isolated from several bacteria revealed essential amounts of glycine, among the inherent lps components. significant amounts of the glycine was detected in lipopolysaccharides isolated from over 30 strains of escherichia, salmonella, hafnia, citrobacter and shigella species. glycine as a single amino acid was found only in a core part of lps. molar ratio of glycine in core oligosaccharide fraction ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 per 3 heptoses ... | 1996 | 8739188 |
| distribution of diaminopropane and acetylspermidine in enterobacteriaceae. | polyamines of 97 strains (60 species) belonging to 18 genera of the family enterobacteriaceae were determined by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis. in addition to putrescine and cadavarine, diaminopropane was widely distributed in enterobacteriaceae and almost ubiquitously within enterobacter, pantoea, erwinia, leminorella, proteus, leclercia, morganella, klebsiella, hafnia, rahnella, serratia, and tatumella species and sporadically within citrobacter, escherichia, moellerella, pr ... | 1996 | 8742354 |
| outbreak of tem-24-producing enterobacter aerogenes in an intensive care unit and dissemination of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase to other members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | we report an outbreak of enterobacter aerogenes in an intensive care unit (icu) and two medicine departments that produced the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase tem-24, which was difficult to detect by disk agar diffusion. the strains were compared by dna restriction fragment length polymorphism after pulsed-field gel electrophoresis following cleavage with xbai. this typing method indicated that a single strain, first isolated in the icu, spread throughout the other medical departments as a resu ... | 1996 | 8748277 |
| [gas-containing liver abscess, hepatic gas gangrene]. | 1995 | 8749407 | |
| comparative evaluation of orally active antibiotics against community-acquired pathogens: results of eight european countries. | in this multicenter study conducted in eight european countries, 13,173 pathogens--all isolated from community-acquired infections in 1992 and 1993--were evaluated for their susceptibility to the following orally active antibiotics: penicillin g, ampicillin, amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefetamet, doxycycline and erythromycin. ten centers in italy, five in germany, in the netherlands and switzerland, four in greece and spain, three in hungary and one in finland contrib ... | 1996 | 8751263 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1994). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 567 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1994 to may 1995. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 26.8% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 73.2% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis. ampicillin (abpc) and imipen ... | 1996 | 8752862 |
| [in vitro study of antibacterial activity of cefepime (axepim) against gram negative bacteria: comparison with cephalosporins and other beta-lactams]. | the susceptibility to cefepime and to other beta-lactams of 1017 inducible cephalosporinase-producing enterobacteria, 897 pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, and 295 acinetobacter baumanii strains was studied over a two-year period (july 1, 1993 to june 30, 1995). the isolates were from patients in visceral surgery, intensive care, and clinical hematology wards. cefepime was compared to other third-generation cephalosporins and to imipenem, aztreonam, and the piperacillin-tazobactam combination. cef ... | 1996 | 8761598 |
| citrobacter emphysematous pyelonephritis in a tuberculous kidney caused by citrobacter. a case report in a diabetic patient. | emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by gas-producing bacteria like escherichia coli or klebsiella pneumonia is generally observed in female diabetic patients. we report a case in which citrobacter was the microbiologically documented pathogen. high-dose antibiotic regimen was administered, but nephrectomy was necessary to overcome the life-threatening situation. | 1996 | 8766145 |
| a comparative study of the bbl crystal enteric/nonfermenter identification system and the biomerieux api20e and api20ne identification systems after overnight incubation. | the bbl crystal enteric/nonfermenter (crystal, becton dickinson microbiology systems) is a new multi-test identification system for gram negative rods requiring no oil overlay or addition of reagents. one hundred and three selected gram negative rod isolates from routine clinical specimens were tested in parallel using the appropriate api20e or api20ne (biomerieux) reading after overnight incubation. the isolates included in the study, and the number tested, were as follows: acinetobacter sp, 8; ... | 1995 | 8771156 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (1994). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1994 to may 1995 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and co ... | 1996 | 8776631 |
| favorable outcome possible in citrobacter brain abscess. | 1996 | 8783364 | |
| evaluation of chromagar orientation for differentiation and presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli and enterococcus species. | a new chromogenic plate medium, chromagar orientation, was evaluated for use in the differentiation and presumptive identification of gram-negative bacilli and enterococcus species by a multipoint inoculation (replicator) technique. in this study, 1,404 gram-negative bacilli and 74 enterococcal isolates were tested on chromagar orientation. six control american type culture collection strains were also included with the testing to ensure quality control of the media. of the escherichia coli isol ... | 1996 | 8784591 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of a new parenteral penem, sulopenem]. | eighty percent minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic80) of sulopenem against clinically isolated 12 to 80 strains of each of different bacteria were as follows: methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa): 0.20 micrograms/ml, methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa): 50 micrograms/ml, coagulase-negative staphylococci: 3.13 micrograms/ml, streptococcus pyogenes: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, streptococcus pneumoniae: < or = 0.013 microgram/ml, beta-streptococci: 0.05 microgram/ml, enterococc ... | 1996 | 8786624 |
| [antibacterial activity of sulopenem, a new parenteral penem antibiotic]. | sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic, was compared with other antibiotics with regard to in vitro antibacterial and bactericidal activities, stabilization against beta-lactamases, and effect on the release of lipopolysaccharide from gram-negative bacteria. the results are summarized as follows. 1. sulopenem showed more potent activities than other antibiotics against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa. 2. sulopenem showed potent bactericidal activities (mic/ ... | 1996 | 8786625 |
| [in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem antibiotic]. | the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sulopenem, a new penem, were evaluated in comparison with imipenem (ipm), meropenem (mepm), ceftazidime (caz) and flomoxef (fmox). sulopenem had broad and potent antibacterial spectra against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including enterococcus faecalis, proteus vulgaris, morganella morganii, enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii. sulopenem showed concentration-dependent bactericidal activities against staphylococcus aureus, e ... | 1996 | 8786626 |
| characterization of the plasmidic beta-lactamase cmy-2, which is responsible for cephamycin resistance. | the phenotype of klebsiella pneumoniae hel-1 indicates a plasmidic cephamycinase gene (blacmy-2). its sequence shows one open reading frame coding for a protein of 381 amino acids. cmy-2 is classified as class c beta-lactamase that is closely related to the plasmidic enzymes bil-1 and lat-1 and the chromosomal ampc of citrobacter freundii. the blacmy-2 gene possibly was translocated onto a plasmid of c. freundii which spread to k. pneumoniae. | 1996 | 8787910 |
| confirmational identification of escherichia coli, a comparison of genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase and beta-d-glucuronidase. | genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase (gad) and beta-d-glucuronidase (gud) were compared for their abilities to detect various strains of escherichia coli and to discriminate among other bacterial species. test strains included nonpathogenic e. coli, three major groups of diarrheagenic e. coli, three other non-coli escherichia species, and various other gram-negative and -positive bacteria found in water. the genotypic assays were performed with hybridization probes generat ... | 1996 | 8795225 |
| mutational analysis of the cita citrate transporter from salmonella typhimurium: altered substrate specificity. | the cita citrate transporter in salmonella typhimurium is encoded by the cita gene and consists of 434 amino acid residues that probably include 12 membrane-spanning segments [shimamoto. t., et al. (1991) j. biochem. 110, 22-28]. cita mutants with altered substrate specificities were isolated by in vitro mutagenesis using nitrous acid. the mutants could grow on isocitrate as a sole carbon source which normally cannot be transported well by the cita transporter of s. typhimurium. the mutation sit ... | 1996 | 8806660 |
| transferable cefoxitin resistance in enterobacteria from greek hospitals and characterization of a plasmid-mediated group 1 beta-lactamase (lat-2). | cefoxitin resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae from escherichia coli strains isolated in greek hospitals was found to be due to the acquisition of similar plasmids coding for group 1 beta-lactamases. the plasmids were not self-transferable but were mobilized by conjugative plasmids. these elements have also been spread to enterobacter aerogenes. the most common enzyme was a citrobacter freundii-derived cephalosporinase (lat-2) which differed from lat-1 by three amino acids. | 1996 | 8807075 |
| design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases. | a general method for synthesis of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfones has been developed. the new compounds inhibited most of the common types of beta-lactamase. the level of activity depended very strongly on the nature of the substituent in the 2 beta-alkenyl group. the inhibited species formed with the beta-lactamase from citrobacter freundii 1205 was sufficiently stable for x-ray crystallographic studies. these, together with uv absorption spectroscopy and studies of chemical degradation, suggeste ... | 1996 | 8809160 |
| polymicrobial gram-negative bacteremia associated with saline solution flush used with a needleless intravenous system. | during a 2-week period, seven cases of nosocomial polymicrobial gram-negative rod bacteremia occurred on a 39-bed medical and cardiac step-down unit. combinations of enterobacter cloacae (seven isolates), klebsiella pneumoniae (five isolates), and citrobacter freundii (two isolates) were isolated from blood cultures. | 1995 | 8821111 |
| structural and serological studies of lipopolysaccharides of citrobacter o35 and o38 antigenically related to salmonella. | structural analysis using 13c nmr spectroscopy and methylation showed that lipopolysaccharides (lpss) of citrobacter freundii o35 and salmonella arizonae o59 have structurally identical o-specific polysaccharide chains, and those of c. freundii o38 and salmonella kentucky differ only in the presence of o-acetyl groups in the former. serological relationships between the structurally similar lpss were demonstrated using inhibition of elisa, rocket immunoelectrophoresis, double gel diffusion, and ... | 1996 | 8821392 |
| characterization and expression of the plasmid-borne bedd gene from pseudomonas putida ml2, which codes for a nad+-dependent cis-benzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. | the catabolic plasmid phmt112 in pseudomonas putida ml2 contains the bed gene cluster encoding benzene dioxygenase (bedc1c2ba) and a nad+-dependent dehydrogenase (bedd) required to convert benzene into catechol. analysis of the nucleotide sequence upstream of the benzene dioxygenase gene cluster (bedc1c2ba) revealed a 1,098-bp open reading frame (bedd) flanked by two 42-bp direct repeats, each containing a 14-bp sequence identical to the inverted repeat of is26. in vitro translation analysis sho ... | 1996 | 8824602 |
| cloning, sequencing, and overexpression of the genes encoding coenzyme b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase of citrobacter freundii. | the genes encoding coenzyme b12-dependent glycerol dehydratase of citrobacter freundii were cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the b12-free enzyme was purified to homogeneity. it consists of three types of subunits whose n-terminal sequences are in accordance with those deduced from the open reading frames dhab, dhac, and dhae, coding for subunits of 60,433 (alpha), 21,487 (beta), and 16,121 (gamma) da, respectively. the enzyme complex has the composition alpha2beta2gamma2. amino acid ... | 1996 | 8824629 |
| the ability of beta-lactam antibiotics to select mutants with derepressed beta-lactamase synthesis from citrobacter freundii. | the ability of beta-lactam compounds to induce synthesis of the class c beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii was assessed both directly and indirectly, the latter by measurement of the different susceptibilities of strains with inducible and depressed beta-lactamase synthesis and those of a beta-lactamase-negative strain. most beta-lactam compounds were poor inducers but ampicillin, amoxycillin and cephalexin were moderately good inducers and cefoxitin, imipenem and meropenem were strong induc ... | 1995 | 8830012 |
| activity of cefepime against nosocomial blood culture isolates. | cefepime is a new aminothiazolylacetamido cephalosporin with a wider spectrum and greater potency than many currently available cephalosporins. since the blood culture isolates from patients of the study centre in saudi arabia are significantly more resistant to antimicrobial agents in clinical practice, we evaluated the in-vitro activity of cefepime and six other beta-lactam antibodies against 390 and 273 isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. cefepime had a broad s ... | 1995 | 8830018 |
| escherichia hermannii: susceptibility pattern to beta-lactams and production of beta-lactamase. | the susceptibility pattern of escherichia hermannii, although closely related to escherichia coli according to its biochemical patterns, was clearly distinguishable by its susceptibility to beta-lactams by both diffusion and dilution methods from e. coli penicillinase producing or non-producing strains, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella pneumoniae, and klebsiella oxytoca. beta-lactamase clavulanate-sensitive activity was localized with various isoelectric points from 7.0 to 8.5. no cross hybridiz ... | 1995 | 8830019 |
| [evaluation of the usefulness of tests for production of beta-d-glucuronidase and propylene glycol utilization for the differentiation of enterobacteriaceae rods]. | the aim of the study was to inquire about the diagnostic usefulness of determining the activity of glucuronidase and utilisation of propylene glycol in enterobacteriaceae rods. the study included 1511 strains: 411- e. coli, 278 - klebsiella, 231 - salmonella, 159 - yersinia, 97 - citrobacter, 75 - shigella and 260 strains representing 6 other kinds of enteric rods. determination was performed in a liquid medium containing in 1 ml 25 mcg mug and 100 mcg onpg. propylene glycol (pg) utilisation was ... | 1995 | 8833927 |
| chromosomal beta-lactamase genes of klebsiella oxytoca are divided into two main groups, blaoxy-1 and blaoxy-2. | the chromosomally encoded beta-lactamase gene (blaoxy-2) of the wild-type klebsiella oxytoca sl911 was cloned and sequenced. its nucleotide sequence similarity with the previously sequenced k. oxytoca beta-lactamase gene (blaoxy-1) (y. arakawa, m. ohta, n. kido, m. mori, h. ito, t. komatsu, y. fujii, and n. kato, antimicrob. agents chemother. 33:63-70, 1989) is 87.3%, and its amino acid similarity is 89.7%. this group of k. oxytoca beta-lactamases is related to chromosomal beta-lactamases of cit ... | 1996 | 8834897 |
| comparative characterization of the cephamycinase blacmy-1 gene and its relationship with other beta-lactamase genes. | a plasmidic beta-lactamase which hydrolyzed cephamycins was first detected and reported in 1989. at that time its description was restricted to phenotypic characteristics. we analyzed nucleotide sequence of its gene and explored it genetic relationship with other bla genes. the deduced amino acid sequence of the blacmy-1 product was compared with those of other known plasmidic cephamycinases and of chromosomal ampc beta-lactamases. the results indicate that the relationship of cmy-1 is closest t ... | 1996 | 8843306 |
| [utility of pyrrolidonyl-arylamidase detection for typing enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria]. | detection of pyrrolidonyl-aryl-amidase activity (pyr) is an important tool to identify gram-positive cocci, such as staphylococci, enterococci, streptococci, and other related genera. however, only few studies evaluating its usefulness with gram-negative rods have been published. thus, a prospective study including 542 and 215 unique clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative gram-negative rods, respectively, was undertaken. strains were identified by conventional methods. pyr ... | 1995 | 8850133 |
| a new time-kill method of assessing the relative efficacy of antimicrobial agents alone and in combination developed using a representative beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and fluoroquinolone. | a time-kill curve employing nine sampling times over 6 h was used to provide data which were then used to develop a theoretical (best-fit) curve. from the theoretical curve parameters describing the rate of kill (alpha), time from addition of antibiotic to initiation of killing (d) and a function of the degree of killing observed (ym/yo) were defined. the area-under-the-curve (auc) was calculated from the theoretical curve. the variability of each parameter was assessed using a theoretical curve ... | 1996 | 8877533 |
| bacteremia due to citrobacter species: significance of primary intraabdominal infection. | from 1982 to 1994, 45 patients (1.22 episodes per 10,000 discharged patients) were treated for citrobacter bacteremia at national taiwan university hospital (taipei). all patients had at least one underlying disease. citrobacter bacteremia most commonly occurred in patients with malignancies (48.9%) or hepatobiliary stones (22.2%). intraabdominal tumors comprised the majority (59.1%) of malignancies. bacteremia commonly originated from sites such as the abdominal cavity (51.1%), urinary tract (2 ... | 1996 | 8879778 |