Publications

on the hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction catalyzed by the soluble hydrogenase from alcaligenes eutrophus h16 in the free and immobilized state.		1982	7082679
an extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase from alcaligenes faecalis.	a strain of alcaligenes faecalis t1, which was isolated from activated sludge, excreted an extracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase as it grew in a medium containing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) as the sole carbon source. the molecular weight of the enzyme, purified from the culture medium to electrophoretic homogeneity, was 48 000 as determined by sephadex g-100 filtration, and 50 000 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate. the ph optimum for the enz ...	1982	7084231
lipid-bound saccharides in rhizobium meliloti.	the lipid-bound saccharides formed by incubation of uridine diphosphate glucose with a particulate enzyme of rhizobium meliloti were studied. they behaved like polyprenyl diphosphate saccharides when treated with ammonia or hot phenol, when catalytically hydrogenated, and on deae-cellulose chromatography. the saccharide moieties obtained after heating at ph 2 for 10 min at 100 degrees c were separated with a gel filtration column. the following compounds were detected: galactose, glucosyl beta 1 ...	1982	7085601
the effects of temperature and ph on the growth of eight enteric and nine glucose non-fermenting species of gram-negative rods.	we studied the heat resistance and the range of growth temperature o gram-negative rods to find one of the bacterial factors governing their infectivity in exogenous and endogenous infections in predisposed patients. escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus grew equally well at 25, 30, 37, and 42 c. among other sugar non-fermenting gram-negative rods, six species showed suppressed growth at either or both ends of the in ...	1982	7087800
[possible reason for growth inhibition of achromobacter cobalamini sp. nov. growing on molasses media].		1982	7087806
achromobacter pneumonia.		1982	7090381
glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli associated with clinical veterinary specimens.	glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nfb) have been recognized recently as opportunistic pathogens of humans. with few exceptions, strains of nfb have not been considered important enough to be identified when isolated from animals. in this study, all nfb isolated during a 1-year period in a clinical veterinary microbiology laboratory were identified to determine their prevalence. of the 347 strains of nfb obtained, the most common species were pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter calco ...	1982	7107835
a case of bacteremia and disseminated intravascular coagulation after the conduit procedure for tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary atresia.	a case undergoing conduit procedure for tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary atresia was complicated postoperatively by bacteremia due to non-fermentative gram-negative rods and by disseminated intravascular coagulation. he was able to be cured without any sequela. the patient was a 16-year-old male, who had undergone blalock-taussig anastomosis in his infancy. the present operation was carried out as follows: ventricular septal defect was closed with a teflon-patch and discontinuity between the r ...	1982	7120653
the bacterial biogenesis of isobutyraldoxime o-methyl ether, a novel volatile secondary metabolite.	production of the volatile metabolite, isobutyraldoxime o-methyl ether (ibme) by a moraxella-like organism ncib 11650 was investigated under a variety of environmental conditions using gas chromatography. under aerobic conditions up to 10 micrograms ibme ml-1 was produced on mineral salts media containing 0.5% (w/v) glucose or succinate as sole c source with 0.1% (w/v) nh4cl as sole n source. exogenous l-valine further stimulated ibme formation up to 25 micrograms ml-1 but supplementation of the ...	1982	7142955
chlorine resistance patterns of bacteria from two drinking water distribution systems.	the relative chlorine sensitivities of bacteria isolated from chlorinated and unchlorinated drinking water distribution systems were compared by two independent methods. one method measured the toxic effect of free chlorine on bacteria, whereas the other measured the effect of combined chlorine. bacteria from the chlorinated system were more resistant to both the combined and free forms of chlorine than those from the unchlorinated system, suggesting that there may be selection for more chlorine ...	1982	7149722
[effect of organic substances on the growth and cobalamin genesis of achromobacter cobalamini].	corn steep and molasses were shown to stimulate cobalaminogenesis in achromobacter cobalamini. their concentrations optimal for the culture growth and vitamin b12 synthesis were found. corn steep at a concentration of 2% accelerated the growth. the biomass yield and the content of b12 were maximal after 48 h of fermentation. in the medium with molasses, the growth was stimulated at 1% of molasses, and the vitamin biosynthesis at 5%. when 5% of molasses was added into the mineral medium, the rate ...	1982	7155004
delayed hypersensitivity response in alcaligenes faecalis-infected turkey poults.		1982	7159321
purification and properties of alpha-amino-epsilon-caprolactam racemase from achromobacter obae.	we have purified a unique enzyme, alpha-amino-epsilon-caprolactam racemase 945-fold from an extract of achromobacter obae by octyl-sepharose cl-4b and thiopropyl-sepharose 6b and some other chromatographies. the purified enzyme was found homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analytical ultracentrifugation. the enzyme has a monomeric structure with mr approximately 50000 and a sedimentation coefficient (s20,w) of 4.28 s. the enzyme contains pyridoxal 5'-phos ...	1982	7160482
nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria and their differentiation from pseudomonas aeruginosa.	pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and other nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria isolated from surgical patients and environmental washings at a surgical in-patient department were characterized bacteriologically. the biochemical and cultivation features of 156 p. aeruginosa strains, 35 strains of oxidase-negative and 31 strains of oxidase-positive gram-negative bacteria other than p. aeruginosa were studied. nonpigmented p. aeruginosa strains and strains with delayed pigmentation accounted for, re ...	1982	7161487
sensitivity of 341 non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria to seven beta-lactam antibiotics.	susceptibility of 341 isolates of non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria to carbenicillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, moxalactam, cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, and n-formimidoyl thienamycin was determined by the agar dilution and disc diffusion methods. piperacillin was the most active agent against pseudomonas aeruginosa, thienamycin the most active against pseudomonas fluorescens and pseudomonas putida, and moxalactam the most active against pseudomonas maltophilia. piperacillin and thienamycin w ...	1982	7173181
gas-liquid chromatography as an analytical tool in microbiology.	the use of gas-liquid chromatography (glc) in clinical and diagnostic bacteriology laboratories has increased significantly in recent years. glc analysis of metabolic products from bacterial growth and chemical components of bacterial cells has provided useful information for rapid detection and identification of several bacterial groups or species. the use of short-chain acid products and cellular fatty acid composition for identifying and classifying pseudomonas species and other medically imp ...	1981	7204530
prosthetic valve endocarditis due to achromobacter xylosoxidans.		1981	7211679
spontaneous severe constrictive pericarditis in congenital afibrinogenemia: mechanism, evaluation, and successful surgical treatment.		1981	7211680
studies on the mechanism of action of the atp-dependent dnaase from alcaligenes faecalis.	an atp-dependent dnaase has been purified to homogeneity from extracts of alcaligenes faecalis, and has been shown to couple the degradation of dna to the hydrolysis of atp. enzyme activity also requires divalent ions, with mn2+, mg2+ and co2+ being effective cofactors for both dnaase and atpase activities. we have studied the intermediates formed by the enzyme during the degradation of duplex dna with each of these cofactors using sedimentation velocity, binding to nitrocellulose filters and se ...	1981	7215356
[arsenic oxidation by the heterotrophic bacteria pseudomonas putida and alcaligenes eutrophus].	two heterotrophic bacteria, pseudomonas putida 18 and alcaligenes eutrophus 280, were isolated from gold-arsenic deposits. the bacteria oxidize as(iii) to as(v) at ph 6-9 and temperatures 4-28 and 28 degrees c respectively. the oxidation is accompanied by a decrease in the ph of the medium. the rate of the oxidation directly depends on the number of cells in the inoculum.	1981	7219219
[the identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria. experiences with 676 apyocyaninogenic strains (author's transl)].	during a period of 16 months 1757 strains of nonfermentative gram-negative rods have been isolated from clinical material. of the, 1205 (69%) were p. aeruginosa, 124 (10%) of which failed to produce pyocyanin. the apyocyaninogenic strains as well as the remaining 552 isolates were differentiated by steps according to a diagnostic scheme developed by us. for identification of species two or three steps were needed. by this procedure, 530 of the 552 strains could be assigned to nineteen species wi ...	1981	7223132
pancreatic abscess associated with achromobacter group vd biovar 1.	a case of pancreatic abscess associated with achromobacter biovar 1 in a 75-year-old man with multiple predisposing debilitating conditions is presented. the infection responded to antibiotic therapy, but the patient died from unrelated causes.	1980	7229011
bacterial coryza in turkeys in texas.	a motile, gram-negative, short bacillus was isolated from the tracheas of turkey poults with coryza. an escherichia coli also was isolated from the tracheas of poults. the former bacterium possessed characteristics similar or identical to those isolated from coryza outbreaks in other states. the characteristics were similar to those described for alcaligenes fecalis. cultures of the turkey coryza isolate produced coryza when inoculated intranasally in 1 to 3-day-old poults. the bacterium was rei ...	1981	7232255
[reversible oxidation-reduction of nad by hydrogen, catalyzed by soluble hydrogenase from alcaligenes eutrophus z-1].	the kinetics of nad reduction by hydrogen, catalyzed by soluble hydrogenase from the hydrogen bacterium a. eutrophus z-1 within a wide range of nad substrate concentrations and ph were studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the autocatalytic type of the reaction (with an induction period) and positive kinetic cooperativity with respect to nad substrate at ph values greater than 8.0 were observed. a steady hydrogen release in a two-enzyme system involving hydrogenase, formiate dehydrogen ...	1980	7236793
purification and properties of a copper-containing nitrite reductase from a denitrifying bacterium, alcaligenes faecalis strain s-6.	a copper-containing nitrite reductase was purified and crystallized from a potent denitrifying bacterium, alcaligenes faecalis strain s-6. the enzyme was composed of 4 subunits with a molecular weight of about 30,000, each containing 1 atom of cu2+. nitric oxide was identified as a main reduction product from nitrite in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. the enzyme activity was inhibited strongly by kcn but only slightly by sulfhydryl reagents such as p-chloromercuribenzoate and n-ethylmaleimide.	1981	7240122
[incidence and antibiotic-sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria in the urinary infections (author's transl)].	urinary tract infections due to low-grade pathogenic gram-negative bacteria show an increasing prevalence. the frequency of isolation from urinary samples of some of these pathogens (alcaligenes, citrobacter, acinetobacter, providencia, serratia) was detected in a group of adult patients. the role of local and systemic predisposing factors was investigated. these bacterial agents accounted for 21% of 1,354 isolated strains. systemic predisposing factors were found in most patients. moreover, a h ...	1980	7244101
study of the role of arginine residues in bacterial formate dehydrogenase.	modification of 12 arginine residues per molecule of formate dehydrogenase (formate : nad+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.2.1.2.) from the methylotrophic bacterium, achromobacter parvulus i, by 2,3-butanedione results in complete inactivation of the enzyme. inactivation of the enzyme is reversible and proceeds in two steps via formation of the intermediate enzyme-butanedione complex. coenzymes but not formate effectively protect formate dehydrogenase from inactivation. complete maintenance of enzyme activ ...	1981	7248314
[kinetics of the nadh regenerating system using bacterial formate dehydrogenase].	the main kinetic regularities of the nadh regeneration system functioning was studied. a theoretical interpretation of the dependence of the stationary reaction rate in a two-enzyme system with a common cofactor on the enzyme, cofactor and substrate concentrations and the catalytic parameters of individual enzymatic processes was obtained. a mathematical analysis of the dependences of the stationary rate on the content of each enzyme in the system at different activity ratios of each enzyme and ...	1981	7248390
comparison of four methods for identification of gram-negative non-fermenters: organisms less commonly encountered in clinical specimens.	four commercial kits--oxi/ferm (of), api 20e (ap), minitek (mt), flow n/f (nf) were evaluated, without additional tests, for identification of 105 opportunistic gram-negative non-fermentative rods. of correctly identified 42% of strains, with 35% as part (but not first) of a spectrum of identifications (si) and 23% incorrect identification. mt yielded 75% correct identification, with 12% si and 13% incorrect. ap correctly identified 64% of strains, with 26% si, 10% incorrect. nf correctly specia ...	1981	7254131
[n-metabolism of growing rats consuming increasing amounts of the h-2 oxidizing bacterial strain alcaligenes eutrophus].		1981	7257628
negative findings concerning alcaligenes faecalis as an etiologic agent in acute respiratory disease of turkeys.	an acute respiratory disease of turkeys in israel was first reported in november 1978. alcaligenes faecalis was isolated from sick turkeys and from chickens not affected by the disease. plate agglutination tests with a. faecalis antigen of 1,067 turkey and 494 chicken serum samples gave variable results: healthy turkeys gave positive reactions and sick turkeys sometimes gave negative ones. all isolated strains were highly sensitive in vitro drug sensitivity tests, but chemotherapy failed in the ...	1981	7259671
diverse enzymological patterns of phenylalanine biosynthesis in pseudomonads are conserved in parallel with deoxyribonucleic acid homology groupings.	l-tyrosine biosynthesis in nature has proven to be an exceedingly diverse gestalt of variable biochemical routing, cofactor specificity of pathway dehydrogenases, and regulation. a detailed analysis of this enzymological patterning of l-tyrosine biosynthesis formed a basis for the clean separation of five taxa among species currently named pseudomonas, xanthomonas, or alcaligenes (byng et al., j. bacteriol. 144:247-257, 1980). these groupings paralleled taxa established independently by ribosoma ...	1981	7263614
field vaccination trials against turkey coryza using a temperature-sensitive mutant of alcaligenes faecalis.	in field trials, 14 flocks of turkeys were vaccinated against coryza (rhinotracheitis) with a temperature-sensitive mutant of alcaligenes faecalis via drinking water. vaccine doses of 5 to 250 million bacteria per turkey were used. turkeys ranged in age from 2.5 to 13 weeks. doses of 5 to 7 million bacteria did not induce complete protection. doses of 50 million bacteria or more appeared to induce substantial immunity in most flocks. six-week-old birds receiving doses of 90 million bacteria deve ...	1981	7271666
antibiotic-resistant bacteria in drinking water.	we analyzed drinking water from seven communities for multiply antibiotic-resistant (mar) bacteria (bacteria resistant to two or more antibiotics) and screened the mar bacterial isolates obtained against five antibiotics by replica plating. overall, 33.9% of 2,653 standard plate count bacteria from treated drinking waters were mar. two different raw water supplies for two communities carried mar standard plate count bacteria at frequencies of 20.4 and 18.6%, whereas 36.7 and 67.8% of the standar ...	1981	7283426
immunosuppressive properties and circulating life of achromobacter glutaminase-asparaginase covalently attached to polyethylene glycol in man.	the immunosuppressive effects and circulating life of achromobacter glutaminase-asparaginase (ga) covalently attached to polyethylene glycol (peg) were examined in human subjects following a single iv dose of 1000 iu/m2. plasma half-life of peg-ga was 72 hours. skin test reactivity to recall antigens (mumps and tuberculin) was lost in all four patients tested. in vitro phytohemagglutinin-induced blastogenesis, "natural killing," and phytohemagglutinin-induced cell cytotoxicity was diminished as ...	1981	7296553
gelation of limulus amoebocyte lysate by an antitumor (1 leads to 3)-beta-d-glucan.		1981	7306087
[coincidence of the process of hydrogen-oxidizing bacterial culture and nutrient medium electrolysis].	the main factors limiting the possibility of organizing the cultivation of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium alcaligenes eutropha z-1 in combination with electrolysis were determined: accumulation of the oxidizing agents (hypochlorite, persulfate ions, hydrogen peroxide) in the process of electrolysis and deposition of microelements contained in the growth medium on the cathode. the limits for the susceptibility of the bacterium to the oxidizing agents were established. the rate of accumulation o ...	1981	7311908
[decomposition of 3,4-dichloroaniline by an alcaligenes faecalis culture].	under the conditions of co-oxidation at a considerable excess of the co-substrate, alcaligenes faecalis performs oxidative deamination of 3,4-dichloroaniline yielding 4,5-dichloropyrocatechol and cleaves its aromatic cycle. formation of a chlorinated derivative of hydroxymuconic acid as an intermediate product, as well as the 100% liberation of chloride ions under these conditions, indicate that 3,4-dichloroaniline can be completely mineralized by a. faecalis.	1981	7311910
alcaligenes faecalis-associated respiratory disease of chickens.		1981	7316903
scanning electron microscopy of tracheas from turkey poults infected with alcaligenes faecalis.		1981	7316906
the involvement of alacaligenes faecalis in turkeys submitted for diagnosis as detected by bacterial isolation and microagglutination test.		1981	7316911
[effect of an electrical field on alcaligenes eutropha cells].	the electrophoretic mobility and electrokinetic potential of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium alcaligenes eutropha were measured using microelectrophoresis. the cells were shown to bear a negative charge of ca. 2 x 10(-8) coulomb/cm2. the electrokinetic potential causing electrophoresis of the bacterium changes from negative values in an alkaline or neutral medium to positive values in an acid medium, and the isoelectric point is at ph approximately 6.0. the electrophoretic mobility of the bacte ...	1981	7321916
[alteromonas putrefaciens. taxonomy and cultivation (author's transl)].	the morphology and biochemical activity of pseudomonas/alteromonas putrefaciens is described. features indicating the uncertain taxonomic position of the organism are discussed, and it is pointed out why a. putrefaciens does not fit into neither pseudomonas nor alteromonas, but should be considered as a separate unit or group. table i shows criteria which can be used for differentiation between a. putrefaciens and the genera pseudomonas, alcaligenes and alteromonas. essential characteristics are ...	1981	7322860
numerical taxonomy of pseudomonas based on published records of substrate utilization.	data published by r. y. stanier, n. j. palleroni, m. doudoroff and their colleagues on pseudomonas have been analysed by numerical taxonomy. records on 401 strains were used, representing 155 characters, mostly utilization of substrates as carbon-energy sources. twenty-nine phenons were recognized, which included 394 strains: the remaining 7 remained unclustered. the results were in very good accord with the conclusions of these authors. almost all phenons were well separated with very little ov ...	1981	7325650
[taxonomy of the genus "alcaligenes" (author's transl)].		1981	7332183
control of turkey alcaligenes rhinotracheitis in utah with a live vaccine.	during the 1980 growing season in the sanpete valley of utah, about half of the 250 to 300 flocks of turkeys were vaccinated with an oral vaccine against alcaligenes rhinotracheitis (art). the vaccine consisted of a temperature-sensitive mutant of alcaligenes faecalis. most vaccinated birds developed serum antibodies. no outbreaks of art occurred in vaccinated flocks, although some outbreaks occurred in unvaccinated flocks. during 1979, when on flocks were vaccinated, over 90% of the flocks expe ...	1981	7337606
effect of humidity on infection of turkeys with alcaligenes faecalis.	turkeys maintained at 75% to 80% relative humidity were more adversely affected by alcaligenes faecalis infection than turkeys maintained at 20 to 35% relative humidity. alcaligenes faecalis was reisolated earlier and more often from turkeys maintained at the higher humidity. clinically, the turkeys maintained at high humidity exhibited both sinusitis and conjunctivitis earlier than the turkeys at low humidity. in both groups, antibody titers as determined by a microagglutination test developed ...	1981	7337613
cytotoxic activity of pathogenic alcaligenes faecalis in turkey tracheal organ cultures.	turkey tracheal organ cultures were used to study the virulence of alcaligenes faecalis isolants that have been shown to be pathogenic for turkey poults. viable infected and noninfected tracheal rings were examined by phase-contrast microscopy, and fixed stained sections were examined by light microscopy. alcaligenes faecalis at concentrations of 10(8) and 10(9) colony-forming units/ml caused ciliostasis, hydropic degeneration (characterized by blebbing of the plasma membrane, cellular swelling, ...	1981	7340589
[changes in the bacteriological, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of the antartic krill (euphausia superba) during storage at 0-2 degrees c].	a study was performed on the bacteriological, chemical and organoleptic characteristics of antartic krill (euphausia superba) stored at 0-2 degrees c. after 6-8 hours of storage a dark color started in the head and legs and spread slowly to the tail. within 24 hours 17% of the total nitrogen was lost by hepatopancreas autolisis. after 72 hours the krill became inedible due to strong amoniacal odor and flavor. these changes were associated with the multiplication of aerobic psychrophilic bacteria ...	1980	7348315
a new amidinohydrolase, methylguanidine amidinohydrolase from alcaligenes sp. n-42.		1980	7353662
clinical and laboratory characteristics of achromobacter xylosoxidans infection.	achromobacter xylosoxidans was isolated from six patients. the organism causes opportunistic infections in patients who are compromised. a. xylosoxidans is a catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile, gram-negative rod that oxidizes xylose and glucose. the organism exists in a water environment and may be confused with pseudomonas species. unlike pseudomonas, achromobacter has peritrichous flagella. the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a. xylosoxidans are presented.	1980	7358838
clinical bacteriological and epidemiological observations on infectious atrophic rhinitis of pigs in southern england.	three distinct patterns of infection with bordetella (alcaligenes) bronchiseptica were found in groups of 12 to 24 pigs born in 1977-78 in 12 herds in southern england. in five of these, heavy bordetella infection of a substantial proportion of unweaned piglets persisted to a variable extent until slaughter. clinical disease and severely atrophied turbinates were most marked in these groups. in three other herds the infection first appeared soon after weaning and occasionally persisted until sla ...	1980	7361396
fast and simple method for the separation of intermediates and cofactors involved in the biosynthesis of cephalosporin c using chemically bonded c12 reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography.		1980	7380971
[distribution of heterotrophic aerobic microflora and specially denitrifying and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the rhizosphere of rice (author's transl)].	the distribution of heterotrophic aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was estimated in three samples (rhizospherical soil (sr), rhizoplane (r) and endorhizosphere (er)) obtained from one rice seedling which had grown in pot during four mounths in a casamance grey soil. the number of microbial populations were about the same from one sample to another: 1.1 to 2 x 10(8) bacteria, 3.3 to 8.6 x 10(6) actinomycetes and 0.2 to 8.9 x 10(4) fungi per gram of dry soil (sr) or dry roots (r and er). ...	1980	7387056
[aniline as a single carbon, nitrogen, and energy source for alcaligenes faecalis].	a microorganism capable of assimilating aniline as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen was isolated from soil and identified as alcaligenes faecalis. enzyme systems catalyzing aniline oxidation are inducible. aniline is metabolized by a. faecalis via meta-decomposition of aromatic substances. the extracts of bacterial cells cultivated in a growth medium with aniline contain pyrocatechol 2,3-oxygenase and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolyase.	1980	7392997
[degradation of monochloro-substituted anilines by alcaligenes faecalis].	alcaligenes faecalis is capable of degrading 3- and 4-chloroanilines in the conditions of cooxidation. aniline is the inductor of the enzyme systems responsible for this process. growth substrates for a. faecalis are also active cosubstrates in the transformation of chloroanilines. ammonium nitrogen and chloride ions are accumulated in the cultural broth in the process of transformation of 3- and 4-chloroanilines by a. faecalis. apparently, the transformation of anilines involves cleavage of the ...	1980	7393014
[characteristics of enterobacteria isolated during purulent-inflammatory processes in patients with critical diseases].	a total of 238 patients were surveyed; 444 bacterial strains were isolated; of these 403 strains belonged to 7 out of 12 genera of the family enterobacteriaceae and 41 strains were identified as alcaligenes faecalis. the majority of enterobacteria were sensitive to broad-spectrum antibiotics. a characteristic feature of proteus was polyresistance to antibacterial preparations. the active and passive immunization of patients with urgent pathology against infections caused by e. coli and pr. mirab ...	1980	7395405
on the structure of crystalline ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase from alcaligenes eutrophus.	ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase from the hydrogen bacterium alcaligenes eutrophus having a molecular weight of 534000 and consisting of eight large and eight small subunits has been crystallized by microdialysis using inorganic as well as organic precipitating agents. crystals have tetragonal space group p42212, a = b = 11.27 nm, c = 20.14 nm, and contain one quarter molecule per asymmetric unit. x-rays are diffracted to 0.35-nm resolution on still photographs. light optical diffractions of ele ...	1980	7398621
purification and some properties of maleylpyruvate hydrolase and fumarylpyruvate hydrolase from pseudomonas alcaligenes.	hydrolysis of the gentisate ring-cleavage product, maleylpyruvate (cis-2,4-diketohept-5-enedioic acid), was shown to be catalyzed by an enzyme, maleylpyruvate hydrolase 11, in pseudomonas alcaligenes (p25x1) after growth with 3-hydroxybenzoate. this activity was separated from fumarylpyruvate hydrolase activity during the course of its purification which accomplished an approximately 50-fold increase in specific activity. an apparent molecular weight of 77,000 was assigned on the basis of sephad ...	1980	7400101
[inhibition of the autotrophic growth of hydrogen bacteria by the autoregulation factor].	the purpose of this work was to study the action of the autoregulation factor isolated from the organotrophous culture of pseudomonas carboxydoflava z-1107 on autotrophous growth of this organism and some other cultures of hydrogen bacteria. if a sufficient dose of this metabolite was added to the culture growing lithoautotrophously, the growth of ps. carboxydoflava z-1107 stopped completely after 24 hours. a curve of false diauxia was observed if an increase in the concentration of the autoregu ...	1980	7402116
oxygen supply to bacterial suspensions of high cell densities by hydrogen peroxide.	the supply of heterotrophically growing suspensions of alcaligenes eutrophus phb-4 with oxygen formed by the continuous addition of h2o2 in the presence of bovine liver catalase was found to be restricted to well-defined conditions. the catalase-h2o2 system proved to be suitable during the growth at low cell densities equivalent to 2 g dry weight/liter. when under these conditions the oxygen concentration was held constant at 1.8 mg o2/liter, the cells grew for 6-8 hr at a rate almost identical ...	1980	7407339
[potential growth of achromobacter cobalamini on the wastes from hydrolysis production].		1980	7412604
[growth of hydrogen bacteria inhibited by carbon monoxide].	the growth of the hydrogen bacterium alcaligenes eutrophys z-1 was studied during inhibition by carbon monoxide in turbidostat. the specific growth rate of the bacterium was shown to depend on the concentration of co in the gaseous phase. the deceleration of the cultural growth during inhibition by co was accompanied with a decrease of economic coefficients with respect to oxygen and hydrogen. at a co concentration of 10%, the specific growth rate of the bacterium was 0.25 hr-1 (mu) and the coef ...	1980	7412612
competitive inhibition of the membrane-bound hydrogenase of alcaligenes eutrophus by molecular oxygen.		1980	7417333
variable enzymological patterning in tyrosine biosynthesis as a means of determining natural relatedness among the pseudomonadaceae.	enzymes of tyrosine biosynthesis (prephenate dehydrogenase and arogenate dehydrogenase) were characterized in 90 species currently classified within the genera pseudomonas, xanthomonas, and alcaligenes. variation in cofactor specificity and regulatory properties of the dehydrogenase proteins allowed the separation of five groups. taxa defined by enzymological patterning corresponded strikingly with the five ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna) homology groups established via rrna-deoxyribonucleic a ...	1980	7419490
cellular fatty acid composition of group ive, a nonsaccharolytic organism from clinical sources.	the cellular fatty acid composition of a group of gram-negative nonfermentative organisms designated group ive was studied by gas-liquid chromatography. strains of this group are isolated most frequently from urine and most closely resemble the alcaligenes in conventional biochemical tests. on the basis of cellular fatty acids, however, we found these organisms to be strikingly different from alcaligenes and other gram-negative species with similar phenotypic characteristics. the gas-liquid chro ...	1980	7430336
development and use of amicroagglutination test to detect antibodies to alcaligenes faecalis in turkeys.	a neotetrazolium-chloride-stained alcaligenes faecalis antigen was developed for use in the microagglutination (ma) test. the test was used to detect serum antibodies in naturally and experimentally infected turkeys. the highest titer observed in naturally infected birds was 1:320. in one commercial flock, antibodies were detected at 12 and 15 weeks after the initial disease outbreak. four experiments were conducted to study the serologic responses of turkeys to a. faecalis. antibodies were firs ...	1980	7447837
altered immune function in turkey poults infected with alcaligenes faecalis, the etiologic agent of turkey rhinotracheitis (coryza).	alcaligenes faecalis infection in turkey poults resulted in impaired function of the cellular immune system, as evidenced by histopathologic changes and reduced size of the thymus and by decreased lymphocyte stimulation. abnormalities of the humoral immune system were not detected.	1980	7447838
immunization against turkey coryza by colonization with mutants of alcaligenes faecalis.	temperature-sensitive mutants of alcaligenes faecalis that exhibited reduced growth at 42 c but grew well at 30 c were induced by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. four of the 5 mutants that were studied readily colonized the nasal mucosa of turkeys when given intranasally or in drinking water. several mutants caused no signs of coryza or depression and produced minimal colonization of the trachea. colonization of the nasal mucosa lasted 3 to 4 weeks and induced moderate levels of serum anti ...	1980	7447839
[non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli: their distribution to clinical materials and antibiotic susceptibility (author's transl)].	a total of 7898 non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli were isolated from various clinical materials. pseudomonas (7526) was the most common among them. alcaligenes faecalis (273), acinetobacter sp. (93) and flavobacterium (6) were the other non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli. most of them were found in urine and pus cultures, however they were also isolated from sputum, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. gentamicin was the most effective antibiotic in vitro. fifty four per cent of pseudomonas, ...	1980	7453583
sequential nitrification by an alcaligenes sp. and nitrobacter agilis.	the ecological importance of heterotrophic nitrification has been difficult to assess because of low levels of nitrification associated with this phenomenon. nitrification by a soil isolate, an alcaligenes sp., which oxidizes pyruvic oxime to produce up to 1867 mg nitrite-nitrogen/l, is described. sequential nitrification with the chemoautotroph nitrobacter agilis, atcc 14123, resulted in nitrate accumulation and a concomitant decrease of the nitrite produced by the alcaligenes sp. when the bact ...	1980	7459725
[antimicrobial activities of norfloxacin against clinical isolates from ocular infections].	in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of norfloxacin (nflx), minimum inhibitory concentration (mics) of nflx and control drugs were determined against clinical isolates from ocular infections that were obtained in our laboratory from july, 1993 to december, 1994. the results are summarized as follows; 1. compared to mic distributions of nflx against clinical isolates from ocular infections studied in 1986 and 1987, the mic80 of nflx against corynebacterium spp., enterobacter spp., serratia ...	1995	7474324
[frequency of clinical isolation of glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods and their susceptibilities to antibacterial agents].	a comparison was made for frequencies of isolation o glucose non-fermentative gram-negative rods ((g)nf-gnr) from clinical specimens during a period from july, 1986 to june, 1987 (the first period) and that from january, 1994 to december, 1994 (the second period). also, minimum inhibitory concentrations of principal drugs were determined against these isolates. the obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. thirty four (34) species of (g)nf-gnr were found from 35,200 clinical specimens in th ...	1995	7474336
a physical genome map of the burkholderia cepacia type strain.	burkholderia cepacia (basonym pseudomonas cepacia), the type species of the new genus burkholderia, is of interest, not only because of its broad catabolic capacity and its ability to antagonize soil-borne plant pathogens, but also because of its causative role in infections in man, which are particularly evident in patients with cystic fibrosis. a physical map of the 8.1 mb genome of the b. cepacia type-strain atcc 25416 was constructed by applying two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophores ...	1995	7476209
[infection in the dialysis unit as a contributing factor to the problem of hospital acquired infections].	hospital acquired infections are especially dangerous for patients with chronic renal insufficiency. an epidemic of hospital acquired infection of dramatic course in described in 13 patients (8 being on haemodialysis (hd) and 5 treated conservatively), with 15 episodes of septic syndrome (12 cases) or septic shock (3 cases). initial cultures of blood, urine and pharyngeal swabs were positive only in 5 patients treated conservatively. initial cultures of dialysing fluid from all 12 monitors of hd ...	1995	7479256
production of poly(hydroxyalkanoic acid).	poly(hydroxyalkanoic acid) [pha] is accumulated by numerous microorganisms as an energy reserve material under unbalanced growth conditions in the presence of excess carbon source. in spite of being a good candidate for biodegradable thermoplastics, their high price compared with conventional plastics currently in use has limited their availability in a wide range of applications. with the aim of reducing the high production cost of pha, much effort is currently being devoted to improve producti ...	1995	7484359
substrate specificities of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerases and lipases: bacterial lipases hydrolyze poly(omega-hydroxyalkanoates).	the substrate specificities of extracellular lipases purified from bacillus subtilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas alcaligenes, pseudomonas fluorescens, and burkholderia cepacia (former pseudomonas cepacia) and of extracellular polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) depolymerases purified from comamonas sp., pseudomonas lemoignei, and p. fluorescens gk13, as well as that of an esterase purified from p. fluorescens gk 13, to various polyesters and to lipase substrates were analyzed. all lipases and th ...	1995	7487042
bacterial agents causing chronic suppurative otitis media.	ear swabs from 350 patients with chronic otitis media attending different orthorhinolaryngological clinics at different hospitals and health centres in benin city and ekpoma in edo state were screened for the presence of bacterial agents of chronic otitis media. results revealed the presence of 19 different species indicating polymicrobial infections. species isolated comprised staphylococcus aureus (33.6%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.3%), proteus mirabilis (17%), alcaligenes faecalis (6.2%) and ...	1995	7498006
the structure of copper-nitrite reductase from achromobacter cycloclastes at five ph values, with no2- bound and with type ii copper depleted.	high resolution x-ray crystallographic structures of nitrite reductase from achromobacter cycloclastes, undertaken in order to understand the ph optimum of the reaction with nitrite, show that at ph 5.0, 5.4, 6.0, 6.2, and 6.8, no significant changes occur, other than in the occupancy of the type ii copper at the active site. an extensive network of hydrogen bonds, both within and between subunits of the trimer, maintains the rigidity of the protein structure. a water occupies a site approximate ...	1995	7499203
isolation and characterization of an n-methylcarbamate insecticide-degrading methylotrophic bacterium.	a gram-negative bacterium which hydrolyzed aryl n-methylcarbamate insecticides was isolated from an agricultural soil which quickly degraded these pesticides. this organism, designated strain er2, grew on carbofuran as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen with a doubling time of 3 h in a mineral salts medium. the aromatic nucleus of the molecule was not metabolized, and carbofuran 7-phenol accumulated as the end product of metabolism. the insecticides carbaryl, bendiocarb, and propoxur were simi ...	1993	7504430
a general method for identification of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid synthase genes from pseudomonads belonging to the rrna homology group i.	using a 30-mer oligonucleotide probe highly specific for polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) synthase genes, the respective genes of pseudomonas citronellolis, p. mendocina, pseudomonas sp. dsm 1650 and pseudomonas sp. gp4bh1 were cloned from genomic libraries in the cosmid phc79. a 19.5-kbp and a 22.0-kbp ecori restriction fragment of p. citronellolis or pseudomonas sp. dsm 1650, respectively, conferred the ability to accumulate pha of medium-chain-length 3-hydoxyalkanoic acids (hamcl) from octanoat ...	1994	7508720
identification and characterization of a new plasmid carrying genes for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate from pseudomonas cepacia csv90.	pseudomonas cepacia csv90 is able to utilize 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-d) and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetate as sole sources of carbon and energy. mutants of the strain csv90 which had lost this ability appeared spontaneously on a nonselective medium. the wild-type strain harbored a 90-kb plasmid, pmab1, whereas 2,4-d-negative mutants either lost the plasmid or had a 70-kb plasmid, pmab2. the plasmid pmab2 was found to have undergone a deletion of a 20-kb fragment of pmab1. the plasmid-fr ...	1994	7509586
expression of the alcaligenes eutrophus phba gene in escherichia coli using a positive selection vector based on phage lambda lysis genes.	a new positive selection vector, pgs23, based on the lambda lysis cassette has been designed for efficient expression of homologous and heterologous genes in escherichia coli. the plasmid permits controlled expression of a gene of interest under transcriptional control of the lac promoter with translation initiation of coding sequences directed by the phage t7 gene 10 ribosome binding site. the application of the vector system was tested for high level expression of the heterologous phba gene of ...	1994	7514002
characterization of contaminating dna in taq polymerase which occurs during amplification with a primer set for legionella 5s ribosomal rna.	an amplification product that occurred in negative controls of a pcr using a primer system for legionella 55 ribosomal rna was characterized by direct sequencing. the amplification product did not hybridize to a legionella specific oligonucleotide. it was derived from bacterial dna contaminating taq dna polymerase, a phenomenon that was previously reported for amplification reactions with universal primer sets for bacterial 16s rrna. the sequence of the 5s ribosomal fragment had close homology t ...	1994	7518037
pcr-based preparation of 23s rrna-targeted group-specific polynucleotide probes.	dna coding for a variable region within domain iii of bacterial 23s rrna was used as the target for group-specific polynucleotide hybridization probes. the corresponding rdna was amplified in vitro by the pcr technique in combination with a pair of primers specific for flanking conserved target sites. the amplified fragments were cloned or used directly as probes. rna probes were generated by in vitro transcription of cloned or amplified rdna. the probes were labeled by incorporating modified nu ...	1994	7524442
the dynamic progression of evolved character states for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in gram-negative bacteria.	a systematic analysis of the evolution of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in the proteobacteria, previously focussed mainly upon the gamma subdivision, has now been extended to the beta subdivision. five lineages were studied, represented by neisseria gonorrhoeae, nitrosomonas europaea, alcaligenes faecalis, rrna group-iii pseudomonads/rubrivivax gelatinosus, and rrna group-ii pseudomonads/rhodocyclus tenuis. within the phenylalanine pathway, the bifunctional p-protein (chorismate mutase/prephe ...	1994	7533594
monoclonal antibodies to pseudomonas pseudomallei and their potential for diagnosis of melioidosis.	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for pseudomonas pseudomallei antigens were produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a crude whole cell extract. hybrids secreting mabs specific for p. pseudomallei antigens were identified by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) against a panel of crude whole cell extracts from p. pseudomallei, p. cepacia, p. aeruginosa, p. putida, p. alcaligenes, xanthomonas maltophilia, klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, salmonel ...	1995	7535014
characterization of the duplicate ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase genes and cbb promoters of alcaligenes eutrophus.	autotrophic co2 fixation via the calvin carbon reduction cycle in alcaligenes eutrophus h16 is genetically determined by two highly homologous cbb operons, one of which is located on the chromosome and the other on megaplasmid phg1 of the organism. an activator gene, cbbr, lies in divergent orientation only 167 bp upstream of the chromosomal operon and controls the expression of both cbb operons. the two 5'-terminal genes of the operons, cbbls, coding for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ox ...	1995	7543477
biosynthesis and characterization of hydroxybutyrate-hydroxycaproate copolymers.	most polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) reported to date fall into one of two broad classes: either hydroxybutyrate-hydroxyvalerate copolymers (typified by the pha produced by alcaligenes eutrophus), or hydroxyoctanoate-rich heteropolymers (typified by the pha produced by pseudomonas oleovorans). few reports of copolymers rich in hydroxybutyrate (hb), but containing a minor proportion of a co-monomer with a higher carbon number than valerate, have appeared. here we report on the biosynthesis and chara ...	1995	7547720
structure of alcaligenes faecalis nitrite reductase and a copper site mutant, m150e, that contains zinc.	the structures at 2.0 and 2.25 a resolution of native and recombinant nitrite reductase from alcaligenes faecalis show that they are identical to each other and very similar to nitrite reductase from achromobacter cycloclastes. the crystallographic structure of a mutant, m150e, which unlike the wild-type protein cannot be reduced by pseudoazurin, shows that the glutamate replacement for methionine binds to a metal at the type i cu site via only one oxygen. anomalous scattering data collected at ...	1995	7547950
electron transfer reactions between aromatic amine dehydrogenase and azurin.	binding and electron transfer reactions between the tryptophan tryptophylquinone (ttq) enzyme, aromatic amine dehydrogenase (aadh), and the type i copper protein azurin have been characterized. in steady-state kinetic assays using azurin as an electron acceptor, it was observed that the apparent km for azurin decreased with increasing ionic strength. these results are the opposite of what was observed for the reaction between the ttq enzyme methylamine dehydrogenase (madh) and amicyanin, despite ...	1995	7547967
metal-characterization of n-acyl-d-glutamate amidohydrolase from pseudomonas sp. strain 5f-1.	n-acyl-d-glutamate amidohydrolase (d-agase) from pseudomonas sp. 5f-1 was a zinc-metalloenzyme which contained 2.06-2.61 g.atom of zn per mole of enzyme. the zinc atom was required for the catalytic activity and stability of the enzyme. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of pseudomonas sp. 5f-1 d-agase showed 32% identity to that of alcaligenes xylosoxydans subsp. xylosoxydans a-6.	1995	7549100
isolation of a bordetella avium-like organism from a human specimen.	the isolation of a strain of bordetella for which the species could not be determined but which most closely resembled bordetella avium is reported. the strain was isolated in mixed culture from an ear swab of a patient suffering from chronic otitis media. the bacterium showed the typical biochemical reactions of bordetella avium but differed in antimicrobial resistance pattern, protein and fatty acid composition, and dna-dna and dna-rrna hybridization. further studies will clarify the taxonomic ...	1995	7556237
buffering capacity and h+ membrane conductance of gram-negative bacteria.	buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance were examined in seven gram-negative species: aquaspirillum serpens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, alcaligenes faecalis, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, proteus mirabilis and aeromonas hydrophila. all strains of enterobacteriaceae studied here showed a decrease in both parameters as the external ph increased, over the ph range studied. the other four species presented an increase in buffering capacity and membrane conductance to protons as the e ...	1995	7557289
genetic and molecular analysis of a regulatory region of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate catabolic plasmid pjp4.	in alcaligenes eutrophus jmp134, pjp4 carries the genes coding for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-d) and 3-chlorobenzoate (3-cba) degradation plus mercury resistance. the plasmid genes specifying 2,4-d and 3-cba catabolism are organized in three operons: tfda, tfdb, and tfdcdef. regulation of these operons by two unlinked genes, tfdr and tfds, has been proposed. physical and dna sequence analyses revealed that the tfdr and tfds genes were identical and were located within a longer inverted repe ...	1995	7565094
[comparative susceptibility of ochrobactrum anthropi, agrobacterium tumefaciens, alcaligenes faecalis, alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. denitrificans, alcaligenes denitrificans subsp. xylosidans and bordetella bronchiseptica against 35 antibiotics including 17 beta-lactams].	ochrobactrum anthropi, formerly known as "achromobacter sp." or cdc group vd has been isolated from water, hospital environment (antiseptic solutions, dialysis fluids ... ). o. anthropi is a gram negative, motile, strictly aerobic, oxydase positive and non-fermentative bacteria with a strong urease activity. the susceptibility of 13 strains of o. anthropi was determined by agar diffusion method and compared to those of type strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, alcaligenes faecalis, alcaligenes ...	1995	7567111
alcaligenes xylosoxidans-associated infection in an infant with cholesteatoma.		1995	7567305
nosocomial infection by alcaligenes xylosoxidans in neutropenic patients.		1995	7567842
crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of a bacterial flavohemoglobin protein.	a flavohemoglobin protein (fhp) was isolated from alcaligenes eutrophus and has been crystallized by vapor diffusion methods using peg 3350 as precipitant. the crystals of the fad- and heme-containing protein belong to the monoclinic space group p2(1) with unit cell parameters of 52.2 a, 85.8 a, 103.9 a, and 81.8 degrees corresponding to two molecules per asymmetric unit. the crystals diffract at least to a resolution of 2.0 a and are suitable for an x-ray structure analysis.	1995	7567956
introduction of pseudomonas aeruginosa mutator phage d3112 into alcaligenes eutrophus strain ch34.	we have investigated the possibility of growing mutator phages from pseudomonas aeruginosa on various isolates of alcaligenes eutrophus. although none out of 10 a. eutrophus strains were susceptible to infection with any of the phages tested, phage d3112 could be readily transferred in our model strain ch34 by means of an rp4::d3112 plasmid. ch34/rp4::d3112 lysogens were stable and produced phages. however, neither mitomycin c nor uv treatment increased the phage yield.	1995	7569319