Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| nucleotide sequence and spatiotemporal expression of the vibrio cholerae viesab genes during infection. | the ivivii gene of vibrio cholerae was previously identified by a screen for genes induced during intestinal infection. in the present study, nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that ivivii is a 1,659-bp open reading frame, herein designated vieb, that is predicted to be last in a tricistronic operon (viesab). the deduced amino acid sequence of vies exhibited similarity to the sensor kinase component, and those of viea and vieb were similar to the response regulator components, respectively, o ... | 1998 | 9573178 |
| versatile gene uptake system found in cholera bacterium. | 1998 | 9575097 | |
| comparative analysis of pseudomonas aeruginosa penicillin-binding protein 7 in the context of its membership in the family of low-molecular-mass pbps. | the pseudomonas aeruginosa pbpg gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 7, a homologue of the escherichia coli gene encoding a dd-endopeptidase, was cloned and sequenced, pbpg was located immediately downstream of the phenylalanine hydroxylase (phh) operon. dna sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 936 bp (starting with a gtg codon) which encodes a protein of 34,115 da. n-terminal amino acid sequencing confirmed the presence of a cleavable n-terminal signal peptide of 23 amino acids. ver ... | 1998 | 9579071 |
| oceanography and the seventh cholera pandemic. | 1998 | 9583431 | |
| slaying the hydra all at once or head by head? | 1998 | 9585195 | |
| [survival of vibrio cholerae non-o1 in river sediment during cold season]. | to assess the existence of vibrio cholerae non-o1 in the environment water system during the cold season, the organism was incubated in both river sediment or terrestrial soil as particle matter-water (1:1) suspension. the low temperature condition was set to 5 degrees and 10 degrees c. at 5 degrees c, v. cholerae non-o1 did not grow in any medium, sediment and soil. at 10 degrees c, the decrease of the number of organisms was delayed in river sediment as compared with peptone medium. at 30 degr ... | 1998 | 9585694 |
| [the chemosensitivity of strains of vibrio cholerae group o1 isolated in romania between 1977-1995]. | 1997 | 9586330 | |
| cellular microbiology: how enteric pathogens socialize with their intestinal host. | 1998 | 9586763 | |
| estimation of the viability of vibrio cholerae 0139 by assessing cell membrane integrity. | changes in the viability of vibrio cholerae 0139 bengal, estimated by cellular membrane integrity, in batch culture over 35 days, were investigated. data indicated an initial period of rapid growth with up to 30% of bacterial mortality, followed by a period of slower growth, lower culturability but higher viability, from day 7 onwards. the size of viable bacteria significantly decreased during the incubation time, whilst the size of dead bacteria showed a less pronounced decrease. v. cholerae 01 ... | 1997 | 9589607 |
| the vibrio cholerae mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin is the receptor for a filamentous bacteriophage from v. cholerae o139. | we previously isolated from a 1994 isolate of vibrio cholerae o139 a filamentous lysogenic bacteriophage, choleraphage 493, which inhibits pre-o139 but not post-o139 el tor biotype v. cholerae strains in plaque assays. we investigated the role of the mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin (msha) type iv pilus as a receptor in phage 493 infection. spontaneous, tn5 insertion, and msha deletion mutants are resistant to 493 infection. susceptibility is restored by msha complementation of deletion mutants. ... | 1998 | 9596713 |
| an epimerase gene essential for capsule synthesis in vibrio vulnificus. | the extracellular capsule polysaccharide (cps) of vibrio vulnificus is a primary virulence factor which allows survival of the bacteria in the human host. to study the genes involved in expression of the capsule, we generated mutants that lost the ability to produce cps following the insertion of a minitransposon into the genome of an encapsulated, clinical strain of v. vulnificus. a genomic region, from one nonencapsulated mutant, containing the transposon and flanking v. vulnificus dna was clo ... | 1998 | 9596722 |
| extracellular release of antigenic proteins by helicobacter pylori. | screening a helicobacter pylori genomic library with antisera raised against h. pylori broth culture supernatant resulted in the identification of six antigens: urease, hspb, lpp20, dnak, msra, and a cysteine-rich 28-kda protein (designated hcpa). h. pylori antigens may be released into the extracellular space by multiple mechanisms, including specific secretion pathways, autolysis, and membrane vesicle formation. | 1998 | 9596777 |
| endogenous nitric oxide in mdck-i cells modulates the vibrio cholerae haemagglutinin/protease (ha/p)-mediated cytotoxicity. | previously, we have shown that the vibrio cholerae haemagglutinin/protease (ha/p) accounts for significant remaining toxicity of cvd110, an attenuated v. cholerae 01 el tor live oral vaccine-strain. the present report demonstrates that endogenous nitric oxide (no) production modulates ha/p-mediated cytotoxicity in madin-darby canine kidney cell strain i (mdck-i) epithelial cells. the basal levels of endogenous no suppressed the cytotoxicity of ha/p, whereas inhibition of no production with nitro ... | 1998 | 9600864 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of vibrio cholerae 01 isolated from humans]. | antibiotic susceptibility of 1479 vibrio cholerae 01 strains isolated from humans between 1991 and 1995 was studied. the antibiotics used belonged to different chemical groups. the assay method was that of serial dilutions in solid media. the isolates showed high susceptibility to tetracyclines, gentamicin, erythromycin, rifampicin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and cefazolin. the susceptibility to kanamycin and monomycin was moderate and that to chloramphenicol, streptomycin and polymixin b was low ... | 1998 | 9606491 |
| immunogenicity and protective role of three formulations of oral cholera vaccine. | three formulations of oral cholera vaccine were compared with respect to their immunogenicity and protective ability in a rat ileal loop model. eight-week-old wistar rats were divided into five groups. the first group received orally vaccine a consisting of liposome-associated v. cholera lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae and procholeragenoid, whereas the rats of groups 2 and 3 received orally vaccines b and c consisting of heatkilled fimbriated and non-fimbriated whole cell v. cholerae, respectively. ... | 1998 | 9607031 |
| enteric infections in an endemic area induce a circulating antibody-secreting cell response with homing potentials to both mucosal and systemic tissues. | enteric infections induce a response of circulating pathogen-specific antibody-secreting cells (asc). the expression of homing receptors (hrs) on these cells was studied in patients with diarrhea caused by vibrio cholerae in bangladesh, an area in which cholera is endemic. the gut hr, alpha4beta7, was expressed by approximately 80% of the asc, indicating mucosal homing of these cells. however, the peripheral lymph node hr, l-selectin, was also expressed by approximately 80% of the asc specific t ... | 1998 | 9607838 |
| [vibriocidal and agglutinating antibodies in the urban population in the municipality of manacapuru/am (1992-1993)]. | a serological study was carried out involving 1,196 individuals residents in the urban area of manacapuru--amazonas, to evaluate the behavior of vibriocidal and agglutinating antibodies. a systematic random sampling procedure was employed to obtain the sample. a year later a 2nd sample of serum was obtained from 120 individuals selected among the participants of the survey. vibriocidal antibodies microtitulation and seroagglutination in tubes were employed. the correspondence between the studied ... | 1998 | 9608237 |
| recombination between rrna operons created most of the ribotype variation observed in the seventh pandemic clone of vibrio cholerae. | individual rrn operons and their flanking regions have been analysed in a study of the molecular basis of ribotype variation in the seventh pandemic clone of vibrio cholerae. the genome of an early isolate of the seventh pandemic clone had nine rrn operons of which two were in tandem with other rrn operons. the site for bgli, the most discriminatory enzyme used for ribotyping, was found to be present in the 16s sequence of three of the operons of the earliest isolate. this site was observed to b ... | 1998 | 9611796 |
| a single dose of live oral cholera vaccine cvd 103-hgr is safe and immunogenic in hiv-infected and hiv-noninfected adults in mali. | despite considerable experience with single-dose, live, oral cholera vaccine cvd 103-hgr in asia, europe, and the americas, the vaccine had not been evaluated in sub-saharan africa or on individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). we therefore conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial in 38 hiv-seropositive (without clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)) and 387 hiv-seronegative adults in mali to assess its safety and immun ... | 1998 | 9615498 |
| ctxphi immunity: application in the development of cholera vaccines. | ctxphi is a filamentous bacteriophage that encodes cholera toxin, the principal virulence factor of vibrio cholerae. ctxphi is unusual among filamentous phages because it encodes a repressor and forms lysogens. ctxphi can infect the existing live-attenuated v. cholerae vaccine strains derived from either the el tor or classical v. cholerae biotypes and result in vaccine reversion to toxinogenicity. intraintestinal ctxphi transduction assays were used to demonstrate that el tor biotype strains of ... | 1998 | 9618534 |
| incidence of non-01 vibrio cholerae and aeromonas spp. in fresh water in araraquara, brazil. | the occurrence of aeromonas spp., vibrio cholerae, and plesiomonas shigelloides in fresh water from various sources in araraquara, state of são paulo, brazil was determined. samples from ten distinct irrigation systems used in vegetable cultivation, from five distinct streams, from two reservoirs, from one artificial lake, and from three distinct springs were analyzed. all isolates were serotyped and tested for hemolysin, cytotoxin, heat-stable (st) and heat-labile (lt) enterotoxins production; ... | 1998 | 9625786 |
| distinct roles of an alternative sigma factor during both free-swimming and colonizing phases of the vibrio cholerae pathogenic cycle. | vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that causes cholera, has a pathogenic cycle consisting of a free-swimming phase outside its host, and a sessile virulent phase when colonizing the human small intestine. we have cloned the v. cholerae homologue of the rpon gene (encoding sigma54) and determined its role in the cholera pathogenic cycle by constructing an rpon null mutant. the v. cholerae rpon mutant is non-motile; examination of this mutant by electron microscopy revealed that it lacks a flagellum. ... | 1998 | 9632254 |
| phase 1 evaluation of vibrio cholerae o1, serotype inaba, polysaccharide-cholera toxin conjugates in adult volunteers. | conjugate vaccines were prepared by binding hydrazine-treated lipopolysaccharide (dealps) from vibrio cholerae o1, serotype inaba, to cholera toxin (ct) variants ct-1 and ct-2. volunteers (n = 75) were injected with either 25 microg of dealps, alone or as a conjugate, or the licensed cellular vaccine containing 4 x 10(9) organisms each of serotypes inaba and ogawa per ml. no serious adverse reactions were observed. dealps alone did not elicit serum lps or vibriocidal antibodies in mice and only ... | 1998 | 9632571 |
| cloning and characterization of an outer membrane protein of vibrio vulnificus required for heme utilization: regulation of expression and determination of the gene sequence. | vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic, marine pathogen that has been associated with septicemia and serious wound infections in patients with iron overload and preexisting liver disease. for v. vulnificus, the ability to acquire iron from the host has been shown to correlate with virulence. v. vulnificus is able to use host iron sources such as hemoglobin and heme. we previously constructed a fur mutant of v. vulnificus which constitutively expresses at least two iron-regulated outer membrane protei ... | 1998 | 9632577 |
| role of intracellular second messengers and reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of v. cholera o139 treated rabbit ileum. | vibrio cholerae o139 has pandemic potential and it produces copious amounts of fluid secretion. the levels of various second messengers (intracellular ca2+, camp, ip3, pkc) were measured to determine the cause of fluid secretion produced by this strain of v. cholerae. there was a significant increase in the levels of these second messengers in v. cholerae o139 treated ileum as compared to control ileum (enterocytes). levels of these second messengers were also assessed in v. cholerae 569b induce ... | 1998 | 9639666 |
| macromolecular assembly and secretion across the bacterial cell envelope: type ii protein secretion systems. | a decade ago, pugsley and colleagues reported the existence of a large region of klebsiella dna, distinct from the klebsiella gene encoding pullulanase, which was necessary for secretion of this enzyme to the cell surface in escherichia coli (d'enfert et al., 1987a,b). the pul genes it contained proved to be the tip of an iceberg. the sequences reported before 1992 (d'enfert et al., 1987a,b; d'enfert & pugsley, 1989; pugsley & reyss, 1990; reyss & pugsley, 1990) included only one gene (puld) tha ... | 1998 | 9641973 |
| molecular epidemiology of reemergent vibrio cholerae o139 bengal in india. | we report the prevalence of the o139 serogroup in calcutta, india, after its reemergence in august 1996 and the spread of the reemerged clone to other parts of the country by using previously established molecular markers. phenotypically, the reemerged vibrio cholerae o139 displayed a difference compared to those that appeared in late 1992 and 1993 in that the current o139 strains are sensitive to co-trimoxazole. ribotyping with the enzyme bgli produced two rrna restriction patterns in the o139 ... | 1998 | 9650989 |
| structure of the o-antigen of vibrio cholerae o155 that shares a putative d-galactose 4,6-cyclophosphate-associated epitope with v. cholerae o139 bengal. | the o-specific polysaccharide of vibrio cholerae 0155 was studied by sugar and methylation analyses, dephosphorylation with 48% hydrofluoric acid, 1h- and 13c-nmr spectroscopy, including two-dimensional cosy, tocsy, noesy, and heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (hsqc) experiments. the following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established: carbohydrate sequence [see text]. an unusual component, d-galactose 4,6-cyclophosphate, has been reported previou ... | 1998 | 9652394 |
| bactericidal activity of lys49 and asp49 myotoxic phospholipases a2 from bothrops asper snake venom--synthetic lys49 myotoxin ii-(115-129)-peptide identifies its bactericidal region. | mammalian group-ii phospholipases a2 (pla2) of inflammatory fluids display bactericidal properties, which are dependent on their enzymatic activity. this study shows that myotoxins ii (lys49) and iii (asp49), two group-ii pla2 isoforms from the venom of bothrops asper, are lethal to a broad spectrum of bacteria. since the catalytically inactive lys49 myotoxin ii isoform has similar bactericidal effects to its catalytically active asp49 counterpart, a bactericidal mechanism that is independent of ... | 1998 | 9654096 |
| [a study on chemical and immunochemical properties and chemotaxonomy of lipopolysaccharides of vibrionaceae, in particular vibrio cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus]. | 1998 | 9654940 | |
| microbiological status of live eel and processed fish products for export to japan. | live eels and processed fish products from malaysia are routinely checked for microbial pathogens before export to japan. the eels and water from the ponds are screened for vibrio cholerae and salmonella spp, whereas the processed fish products are tested for microbial contamination (aerobic plate count), coliforms, e. coil and vibrio cholerae. results showed that live eels and water samples were negative for vibrio cholerae but salmonella spp were isolated occasionally. various types of process ... | 1997 | 9656354 |
| [a case of cholerae o-139]. | 1998 | 9656715 | |
| prevalence of vibrio cholerae o(1) infection in manacapuru, amazonas state, brazil (1992) | this study focused on the prevalence of v. cholerae o(1) infection in 1,196 individuals living in manacapuru, amazonas state, through microtitering of vibriocidal antibody and somatic agglutination test. the role of living conditions and individual characteristics as possible risk factors for infection was also assessed. vibriocidal titers >/= 1: 40 and/or agglutinating titers >/= 1: 80 were considered indicators of v. cholerae o(1) infection. infection prevalence was 25.7%. there was no signifi ... | 1998 | 9658217 |
| comparison of main features in children with cholera o1 and o139 in yangon, myanmar, 1996. | 1997 | 9661322 | |
| molecular analysis of the cholera toxin gene & antibiotic sensitivity profile of vibrio cholerae o1 & o139 associated with mixed infection. | in the context of the reemergence of v. cholerae o1 in india and the recent evidence that o139 strains could have evolved from o1 e1 tor strains, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the rrna and the ctx genes and the antibiotic sensitivity profile of the two strains of v. cholerae, one an o1 and the other an o139, associated with mixed infection, were examined to determine their relatedness. our results demonstrate that although the strains belonged to different clones of v. chole ... | 1998 | 9670616 |
| induction of the lysogenic phage encoding cholera toxin in naturally occurring strains of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 and o139. | in toxigenic vibrio cholerae, the ctx genetic element which carries the genes for cholera toxin (ct) is the genome of a lysogenic bacteriophage (ctxphi). clinical and environmental strains of v. cholerae o1 or o139 and stools that were culture positive for cholera were analyzed to study the induction and transmission of ctxphi. to our knowledge, this is the first report of the examination of ctxphi in clinical materials and in naturally occurring strains. dna probe analysis revealed that 4.25% ( ... | 1998 | 9673258 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to identify phospholipase c as the enterotoxic factor of the bifunctional hemolysin-phospholipase c molecule of vibrio cholerae o139. | two hybrid clones producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against the purified enterotoxic hemolysin-phospholipase c (hlypc) bifunctional molecule of a vibrio cholerae o139 strain were used to study its enterotoxicity in relation to its hemolytic and enzymatic activities. fab fragments of mabs from ascites produced by the two hybrids neutralized the hemolytic activity of hlypc, leaving the enzymatic activity unaffected. in ligated rabbit ileal loop and infant mouse intestine, the fab fragm ... | 1998 | 9673290 |
| vibrio cholerae o22 might be a putative source of exogenous dna resulting in the emergence of the new strain of vibrio cholerae o139. | the new epidemic strain o139 of vibrio cholerae, the etiologic agent of cholera, has probably emerged from the pandemic strain o1 e1 tor through a genetic rearrangement involving the horizontal transfer of exogenous o-antigen- and capsule-encoding genes of unknown origin. in v. cholerae o139, these genes are associated with an insertion sequence designated is1358o139. in this work, we studied the distribution of seven genes flanking the is1358o139 element in 13 serovars of v. cholerae strains. a ... | 1998 | 9675855 |
| replicating function of the rs1 element associated with vibrio cholerae ctx phi prophage. | the rs1 element associated with vibrio cholerae ctx phi prophage was cloned from an e1 tor biotype vibrio cholerae strain. we used the reca- vaccine strain peru-15, that lacks the target for rs-mediated site-specific integration, to show that rs1 promotes autonomous replication of a suicide vector. a linker insertion in the rstr open reading frame abolished autonomous replication in peru-15 but not in a strain containing an rs1 in the chromosome. an at-rich region containing cis-acting elements ... | 1998 | 9675860 |
| replication and integration of a vibrio cholerae cryptic plasmid linked to the ctx prophage. | we identified a 4.7kb cryptic plasmid in all ctxab+ vibrio cholerae strains we tested. an isolate of the v. cholerae classical biotype strain 0395 that harbours the cryptic plasmid at high copy number was found. hybridization analysis demonstrated that sequences highly related or identical to this plasmid exist in all toxigenic strains of v. cholerae but were notably absent in all non-toxigenic environmental isolates that lacked the genes for toxin-co-regulated pili and the filamentous ctx proph ... | 1998 | 9680213 |
| modulation of intestinal permeability: an innovative method of oral drug delivery for the treatment of inherited and acquired human diseases. | conventional forms of administrations of nonabsorbable drugs and peptides rely on their parenteral injection. the intestinal epithelium represents the major barrier to the oral absorption of these therapeutical agents into the systemic circulation. recently, a number of innovative drug delivery approaches have been developed, including the drug entrapment within small vesicles or their passage through the intestinal paracellular pathway. zonula occludens toxin, a recently discovered protein elab ... | 1998 | 9682213 |
| the role of adp-ribosylation and g(m1)-binding activity in the mucosal immunogenicity and adjuvanticity of the escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin and vibrio cholerae cholera toxin. | the mucosal route of vaccination has attracted a great deal of attention recently. not only is mucosal application of vaccines, for example, orally or intranasally, particularly convenient, it also offers the possibility to induce locally produced and secreted s-iga antibodies in addition to systemic igg antibodies. these iga antibodies are known to play a key role in protection against pathogens that invade the host through mucosal surfaces. induction of such responses is not readily achieved b ... | 1998 | 9682971 |
| nicking sites in a subunit of cholera toxin and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin for vibrio cholerae hemagglutinin/protease. | we analyzed the nicking site of the a subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin for hemagglutinin/protease produced by vibrio cholerae non-o1 (nag-ha/p). the determined nicking site was the thr193-ile194 junction, which was distinct from that for a protease of v. cholerae (ichinose et al., european journal of epidemiology 8, 743-747, 1992). we further analyzed proteolytic cleavage by nag-ha/p of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the nicking region of cholera toxin a subunit and dete ... | 1998 | 9690793 |
| synthesis of terminal disaccharide elements corresponding to the ogawa and inaba antigenic determinant from vibrio cholerae o1. | vibrio cholerae o1 lps terminal mono- and disaccharide elements were synthesized by reduction of the azido group in several 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-d-mannose mono- and disaccharide derivatives, followed by coupling with 2, 4-di-o-acetyl-3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronic acid in the presence of 2-ethoxy-1-ethoxycarbonyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline. this compound represents a useful model in order to elucidate the size of the epitopes which define ogawa and inaba serotypes from vibrio cholerae o1. | 1998 | 9691445 |
| diagnosis of bacterial enteric infections in children in zambia. | the bacterial pathogens commonly responsible for diarrhea in children under the age of 5 in zambia were identified and the most effective methods of diagnosis of such infections in laboratories with limited resources, such as those in developing countries, are recommended. | 1998 | 9695302 |
| [analysis of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated in japan by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis]. | vibrio cholerae o1 strains isolated mostly in japan between 1977 and 1995 were typed according to restriction fragment patterns by cleavage of genomic dna with sfi i and not i and separation by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). two hundred sixty five strains from human were divided into 60 pfge patterns (provisional types). strains of type 2-3, 3-4, 4-5 and 51-54 were dominant in the philippines, thailand, india and indonesia, respectively. types 1-1, 2-3, 2-53, and 3-4 were detected over ... | 1998 | 9695467 |
| a novel filamentous phage, fs-2, of vibrio cholerae o139. | a novel filamentous bacteriophage, fs-2, was isolated from vibrio cholerae o139 strain mdo14. the fs-2 phage was a long filamentous particle 1200 nm long and 7 nm wide. the purified phage formed a turbid plaque when spotted on a lawn of the host organisms. the plaque-formation activity was stable following heating to 70 degrees c but was inhibited by treatment with chloroform. fs-2 had a single-stranded dna genome and was converted to a double-stranded replicative form in the host cell. almost a ... | 1998 | 9695923 |
| enterobacterial lipocalins precede vibrio homologue. | 1998 | 9696622 | |
| rhs elements comprise three subfamilies which diverged prior to acquisition by escherichia coli. | the rhs elements are complex genetic composites widely spread among escherichia coli isolates. one of their components, a 3.7-kb, gc-rich core, maintains a single open reading frame that extends the full length of the core and then 400 to 600 bp beyond into an at-rich region. whereas rhs cores are homologous, core extensions from different elements are dissimilar. two new rhs elements from strains of the ecor reference collection have been characterized. rhsg (from strain ecor-11) maps to min 5. ... | 1998 | 9696756 |
| immunostimulatory activity of lt-iia, a type ii heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli. | certain bacterial molecules potentiate immune responses to parenterally administered antigens. one such molecule that has been intensely investigated is cholera toxin, a type i heat-labile enterotoxin produced by the gram-negative bacterium vibrio cholerae. immunization with a mixture of a foreign antigen and cholera toxin enhances the immune response to the antigen. similar adjuvant activity is associated with lt-i, a closely related type i heat-labile enterotoxin produced by escherichia coli. ... | 1998 | 9698108 |
| serotypes of vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolated from water supplies for human consumption in campeche, méxico and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. | the presence of vibrio cholerae non-o1 in water supplies for human consumption in the city of campeche and rural locality of bécal was investigated. v. cholerae non-o1 was detected in 5.9% of the samples obtained in deep pools of campeche. studies conducted in bécal and neighbourhood of morelos in campeche indicated that collected samples harbored v. cholerae non-o1 in 31.5% and 8.7% respectively. there was a particular pattern of distribution of v. cholerae non-o1 serotypes among different stud ... | 1998 | 9698837 |
| acute diarrhea associated with heat-stable enteroxin producing strains of vibrio cholerae non-o1: first report from cuba. | 1998 | 9698904 | |
| recurrent spontaneous bacterial empyema in cirrhosis: a case report. | spontaneous bacterial empyema occurs in about 0.4% of cirrhotic patients, but recurrent attack has rarely been reported. herein we report a case of repeat episodes of spontaneous bacterial empyema. the patient presented with fever, shortness of breath and three episodes of spontaneous bacterial empyema (accompanied by septic shock in two episodes) within six months. chest roentgenography showed massive right-side pleural effusion. thoracentesis yielded pleural effusion containing a neutrophil co ... | 1998 | 9699395 |
| analysis of toxr-dependent transcription activation of ompu, the gene encoding a major envelope protein in vibrio cholerae. | the membrane proteins toxr and toxs regulate a variety of genes associated with the virulence of vibrio cholerae, the agent of human cholera. one of the toxrs-regulated genes is the ompu gene, which encodes a porin that may also act as an adhesin. to begin to understand the mechanism of ompu transcription activation by toxrs, we performed genetic and biochemical studies on the ompu promoter. deletions with a 5' end-point at or downstream of -128, relative to the start site for transcription, did ... | 1998 | 9701817 |
| incidence & enteropathogenicity of aeromonas spp in children suffering from acute diarrhoea in chennai. | a total of 200 stool samples from children below 10 yr suffering from diarrhoea were screened for enteric pathogens with special interest on aeromonas. aeromonas spp were isolated from 6.5 per cent of the patients, comprising 4 per cent a. hydrophila, 2 per cent a. sobria and 0.5 per cent a. caviae. among the 13 isolates obtained, 10 isolates produced enterotoxin in ligated rabbit ileal loops, and 11 produced cytotoxin in hep 2 cells. many of the aeromonas isolates exhibited resistance to common ... | 1998 | 9701892 |
| trypanosoma rangeli sialidase: kinetics of release and antigenic characterization. | the epimastigote stage of trypanosoma rangeli release a sialidase with a high sialic acid hydrolysis capacity. we demonstrate that sialidase secretion is an active process that is reduced at low temperatures and in the presence of sodium azide. the enzyme is continuously released until certain maximally active concentrations are attained in the bhi culture medium when the parasite density reaches 2-3 x 10(6) cells. when introduced into culture medium already containing such enzyme levels, freshl ... | 1998 | 9707367 |
| diverse ctxphis and evolution of new pathogenic vibrio cholerae. | 1998 | 9708764 | |
| inactivated whole-cell bacterial vaccines: current status and novel strategies. | inactivated bacterial whole-cell vaccines have been the most widely studied prophylactic treatment for infectious diseases. they offer an economical, and potentially safe, effective means of preventing disease. the disadvantages of these vaccines have been that parenteral administration, while effective in some instances, may have caused adverse reactions in vaccinees, while oral administration often required high doses and resulted in short-term immunity. more recent studies describing new appr ... | 1998 | 9711805 |
| vibrio cholerae hemagglutinin/protease inactivates ctxphi. | pathogenic strains of vibrio cholerae are lysogens of the filamentous phage ctxphi, which carries the genes for cholera toxin (ctxab). we found that the titers of infective ctxphi in culture supernatants of el tor ctxphi lysogens increased rapidly during exponential growth but dropped to undetectable levels late in stationary-phase growth. when ctxphi transducing particles were mixed with stationary-phase culture supernatants of el tor strains, ctxphi infectivity was destroyed. our data indicate ... | 1998 | 9712742 |
| structure of the acidic polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide of shewanella alga 48055. | a lipopolysaccharide (lps) with an acidic polysaccharide chain was isolated from the bacterium shewanella alga strain 48055 and cleaved selectively at the glycosidic linkage of n-acetylneuraminic acid to give a tetrasaccharide. studies of the tetrasaccharide and the o-deacylated lps by 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d cosy, tocsy, noesy, rotating-frame noe spectroscopy (roesy), and h-detected 1h, 13c heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (hmqc) experiments, revealed the following str ... | 1998 | 9720241 |
| vibrio cholerae o139 bengal: combined physical and genetic map and comparative analysis with the genome of v. cholerae o1. | a combined physical and genetic map of the genome of strain sg24 of vibrio cholerae o139 bengal, a novel non-o1 strain having epidemic potential, has been constructed by using the enzymes noti, sfii, and ceui. the genome of sg24 is circular, and the genome size is about 3. 57 mb. the linkages between 47 noti and 32 sfii fragments of v. cholerae sg24 genomic dna were determined by combining two approaches: (i) identification of fragments produced by enzyme i in fragments produced by enzyme ii by ... | 1998 | 9721290 |
| mutations in toxr and toxs that separate transcriptional activation from dna binding at the cholera toxin gene promoter. | toxr and toxs are integral membrane proteins that activate the transcription of virulence genes in vibrio cholerae. toxr can be separated into three different domains: an n-terminal cytoplasmic dna binding domain, a central transmembrane domain, and a c-terminal periplasmic domain. toxs is thought to enhance toxr-mediated transcriptional activation through a periplasmic interaction. by p22 challenge phage selection for dna binding, in combination with a screen for cholera toxin gene transcriptio ... | 1998 | 9721317 |
| spontaneous non-o1 vibrio cholerae peritonitis after raw oyster ingestion in a patient with cirrhosis. | 1998 | 9721969 | |
| characterisation of g serotype dependent non-antibody inhibitors of rotavirus in normal mouse serum. | serotype specific (non-immunoglobulin) inhibitors of rotavirus have been identified in normal mouse serum obtained from balb/c, cba, and bl10 mice. sialic acid was essential for the neutralising activity sera treated with the neuraminidase from vibrio cholerae failed to neutralise rotavirus. g serotypes 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were unaffected by the inhibitor(s) while g serotypes 1, 2, 6 and two g3 strains were neutralised to significant titres. assessment of neutralisation of reassortants suggest ... | 1998 | 9722874 |
| survival of vibrio spp. including inoculated v. cholerae 0139 during heat-treatment of cockles (anadara granosa). | the effect of heat-treatment on the internal temperature of raw cockles (anadara granosa) and survival of their intrinsic flora of vibrio spp. as well as of inoculated v. cholerae 0139 was examined. the cockles were purchased from markets in malaysia and had an average weight including shells of 8.90+/-2.45 g. in one experiment heatpenetration of individual cockles was examined. cockles weighing < 8 g (including shell) exhibited maximum internal temperatures of between 50 and 75 degrees c when h ... | 1998 | 9728687 |
| overexpression of a mutant b subunit in toxigenic vibrio cholerae diminishes production of active cholera toxin in vivo. | a mutant cholera toxin b subunit containing a g33e substitution was constructed and expressed in v. cholerae. the g33e amino acid substitution did not affect the amount of recombinant ctb secreted to the culture medium. the overexpression of the mutant b subunits in wild-type toxigenic cholera vibrios led to an 80% decrease in production of active cholera toxin in vitro and in vivo. overexpression of bg33e subunits could be instrumental in the increase of the biosafety of live attenuated cholera ... | 1998 | 9732528 |
| comparative tyrosine degradation in vibrio cholerae strains. the strain atcc 14035 as a prokaryotic melanogenic model of homogentisate-releasing cell. | the relationship between l-tyrosine catabolism and melanin formation was studied in the vibrio cholerae strains atcc 14035 and cect 557. it is shown that both strains degrade l-tyrosine by the same pathway as eukaryotic cells, giving homogentisate as intermediate. atcc 14035, an o1 strain, which is not able to grow using l-tyrosine as sole carbon and energy source, but it forms pyomelanin from homogentisate. the second strain, which is non-o1, is able to grow using l-tyrosine as sole carbon and ... | 1998 | 9734339 |
| a case of cholera. | 1998 | 9735546 | |
| comparison of the efficacy of tetracycline and norfloxacin in the treatment of acute severe watery diarrhea. | antibiotic treatment appears to shorten the duration of diarrhea and eradicate vibrio cholerae. the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of tetracycline with norfloxacin therapy in patients (adults and children) with acute severe watery diarrhea caused by vc 01 and vc 0139. patients (adults and children) with acute severe watery diarrhea admitted to bamrasnaradura infectious disease hospital, thailand were randomized to receive either tetracycline (500 mg qid in adults and 12.5 mg ... | 1998 | 9740281 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of the flagellin core protein and other genes encoding structural proteins of the vibrio cholerae flagellum. | vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative bacterium with a single polar flagellum. motility is an important virulence factor for this non-invasive pathogen. we cloned and sequenced a locus in v. cholerae v86 (el tor, inaba) that contained five different structural genes of the flagellum. the cloned genes and their products were assigned names and functions based on homology with sequences of similar genes and their products from other related bacteria. all of these genes of v. cholerae v86, namely, flg ... | 1998 | 9742694 |
| re-emergence of vibrio cholerae serogroup o139 during june-august, 1997 in yavatmal (maharashtra). | a clone of v. cholerae serogroup o139 which emerged as a novel epidemic strain, was reported from this region in 1993 as from many other parts of india and adjoining countries. the decline in the isolation rate of this organism in subsequent years was followed by a sudden increase in 1997, this requires careful monitoring. | 1998 | 9745210 |
| [a number of vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolated from aquatic environments]. | to estimated existence of vibrio cholerae non-o1 in aquatic environments, the organisms isolated from river, estuary and sea water. v. cholerae non-o1 isolated form midstream and estuary water could be counted from 1.6 to 2400 cfu/100 ml by the membrane filtrated method (mf). v. cholerae non-o1 existed in midstream water more than in estuary water. however, the isolated organisms from estuary rate by mf (37.5%) was lower than it by alkaline peptone enrichment medium method (ap) (75.0%), as a res ... | 1998 | 9745222 |
| characterization of outer membrane protein ompu of vibrio cholerae o1. | the outer membrane protein ompu of vibrio cholerae o1 strain 86b3 was characterized with reference to colonization of the intestine by the organism. the purified ompu exhibited a pi of 3.6. upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, it migrated to 38, 32, and 110 kda when the sample was heated at 100 degrees c for 2 min, 50 degrees c for 15 min, and room temperature for 30 min, respectively. the purified ompu was not hemagglutinative. anti-ompu serum did not agglutinate stra ... | 1998 | 9746570 |
| microbiological and epidemiological investigation of cholera epidemic in ukraine during 1994 and 1995. | the ukraine cholera epidemic of 1994 and 1995 was caused by vibrio cholerae o1, serotype ogawa, biotype el tor. this epidemic was centred in the area around respublika krim (crimea) and mykolajiv, and spread to include parts of southern ukraine. cases of cholera occurred between september and november of 1994 and between june and october of 1995. the 32 fatalities among 1370 recorded cases (case fatality ratio, 2.3%) occurred throughout the course of the epidemic. v. cholerae from patients with ... | 1998 | 9747751 |
| investigation of the 1994-5 ukrainian vibrio cholerae epidemic using molecular methods. | thirty-seven vibrio cholerae and four non-cholera vibrio isolates from ukraine, including strains from the epidemic of 1994-5, were analysed by molecular methods. results from pfge and ribotyping indicated that all ukrainian toxigenic v. cholerae were closely related to each other and to an isolate from a patient from pakistan. a non-toxigenic river water strain obtained during the height of the epidemic was more distantly related to these v. cholerae strains, while the vibrio parahaemolyticus i ... | 1998 | 9747752 |
| the prevalence of vibrio spp. in drinking water and environmental samples in vellore south india. | the prevalence of vibrio cholerae in drinking water, lakes and sewage outfalls during july and august 1996 in vellore, india was determined. drinking water samples were collected on single occasions from 12 sites in different geographic areas of the town where cholera had been reported. samples of water, plankton and sediment were collected from fixed sites at three lakes on three occasions separated by at least 3 days during the course of the study. samples from open sewers were taken from two ... | 1998 | 9747757 |
| filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus as a possible clue to genetic transmission. | we have previously reported the isolation and characterization of two filamentous bacteriophages of vibrio parahaemolyticus, designated vf12 and vf33. in this study, to understand the potential of these phages as tools for genetic transmission, we investigated the gene structures of replicative-form (rf) dnas of their genomes and the distribution of these dnas on chromosomal and extrachromosomal dnas. the 7,965-bp nucleotide sequences of vf12 and vf33 were determined. an analysis of the overall ... | 1998 | 9748441 |
| identification of multiple sigma54-dependent transcriptional activators in vibrio cholerae. | in the pathogenic bacterium vibrio cholerae, the alternate sigma factor sigma54 is required for expression of multiple sets of genes, including an unidentified gene(s) necessary for enhanced colonization within the host. to identify sigma54-dependent transcriptional activators involved in colonization, pcr was performed with v. cholerae chromosomal dna and degenerate primers, revealing six novel and distinct coding sequences with homology to sigma54-dependent activators. one sequence had high ho ... | 1998 | 9748465 |
| typing and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of vibrio cholerae during six consecutive cholera seasons in north india. | a total of 10,427 diarrhoeal stool specimens were cultured for vibrio cholerae between 1992 and 1997. the isolation rates were 2%, 2.6%, 6.7%, 7.08%, 0.9% and 2.6% in the years from 1992 to 1997 respectively. till 1992, vibrio cholerae 01 ogawa was the predominant strain. in 1993, 81.3% of the isolates were of 0139 bengal strain and the rest were v. cholerae 01. from 1994 to 1997, v. cholerae 01 ogawa was the predominant strain and there were no isolation of 0139 strain. the predominant phage ty ... | 1998 | 9752752 |
| [an autochthonous infection by vibrio cholerae non-01 and non-0139]. | 1998 | 9754251 | |
| vibrio cholerae o1 strain tsi-4 produces the exopolysaccharide materials that determine colony morphology, stress resistance, and biofilm formation. | vibrio cholerae o1 strain tsi-4 (el tor, ogawa) can shift to a rugose colony morphology from its normal translucent colony morphology in response to nutrient starvation. we have investigated differences between the rugose and translucent forms of v. cholerae o1 strain tsi-4. electron microscopic examination of the rugose form of tsi-4 (tsi-4/r) revealed thick, electron-dense exopolysaccharide materials surrounding polycationic ferritin-stained cells, while the ferritin-stained material was absen ... | 1998 | 9758780 |
| acid-sensitive enteric pathogens are protected from killing under extremely acidic conditions of ph 2.5 when they are inoculated onto certain solid food sources. | gastric acidity is recognized as the first line of defense against food-borne pathogens, and the ability of pathogens to resist this ph corresponds to their oral infective dose (id). naturally occurring and genetically engineered acid-sensitive enteric pathogens were examined for their ability to survive under acidic conditions of ph 2.5 for 2 h at 37 degreesc when inoculated onto ground beef. each of the strains displayed significantly high survival rates under these normally lethal conditions. ... | 1998 | 9758814 |
| [implications of bacterial protein toxins in infectious and food-borne diseases]. | among the 315 protein toxins elicited by gram positive and gram negative bacteria so far characterized, about 50 toxins are currently considered as totally or partially, responsible of the pathological manifestations and/or lethality resulting from host infection or intoxication (contaminated food) by relevant toxinogenic bacteria. a certain number of criteria are required for the assessment of indisputable involvement of a toxin or an array of toxins (from the same bacteria) in infectious disea ... | 1998 | 9759385 |
| [isolation of vibrio cholerae o1 from aquatic environments and foods in pernambuco state, brazil]. | incidence of vibrio cholerae o1 was studied in 2,585 samples from different aquatic environments and 91 from foods in pernambuco state, northeastern brazil, from 1992 to 1994. a total of 193 (7.21%) samples of v. cholerae were isolated with a higher prevalence of the inaba serovar (183-94.8%) than the ogawa serotype (10-5.1%). all isolates were classified as biotype el tor, and resistance patterns to antibiotics showed that all strains were susceptible tetracycline. some 70 random samples of vib ... | 1998 | 9761599 |
| aetiology of cholera in tamil nadu: recent observations. | vibrio cholerae was isolated from 1008 of 3496 stool samples (28.8%) examined in tamil nadu state, india, between november 1992 and december 1995. during november and december 1992, 363 of the 370 isolates serotyped (98%) were v. cholerae o139 (bengal). the epidemic predominantly affected adults (91%; 597/656). both v. cholerae o1 and o139 serotypes were sometimes isolated in the same locality from different individuals. from january 1993 onwards, the rate of isolation of v. cholerae o139 declin ... | 1998 | 9764321 |
| dual infection with vibrio cholerae serogroups o1 and o139. | 1998 | 9764328 | |
| the escherichia coli relbe genes belong to a new toxin-antitoxin gene family. | toxin-antitoxin systems are defined as a group of plasmid- and chromosome-encoded loci that specify a cell toxin and a protein antitoxin. plasmid-encoded toxin-antitoxin systems stabilize their replicons by killing plasmid-free cells. here, we show that the relbe genes of escherichia coli k-12 have all the basic features previously connected with toxin-antitoxin systems: (i) rele encodes a cytotoxin lethal or inhibitory to host cells; (ii) relb encodes an antitoxin that prevents the lethal actio ... | 1998 | 9767574 |
| [cholera in a paris resident with no history of travel. a case report]. | cases of imported cholera are frequently observed, but cholera almost never occurs in subjects who have never travelled to an endemic area. in the last 30 years, 4 cases have been reported. we report an indigenous case diagnosed in paris in september 1996. | 1998 | 9768010 |
| [isolation and identification of vibrio genus microorganisms in the quibu river]. | the quibú river sewages were studied during 9 weeks, in order to isolate and characterize vibrio genus microorganisms. twenty moore's hyssops were placed 2 or 3 times a week on the banks of the river, where each of them was kept in a passive capture stay for 24 hours. in all the hyssops placed, vibrio cholerae non-01 were isolated. | 1991 | 9768187 |
| [characterization of monoclonal antibodies that recognize the thermolabile toxin of vibrio cholerae]. | the obtention of two monoclonal antibodies which recognize a single epitope present in the subunit b of the thermolabile toxin of vibrio cholerae and another which shows a cross-reaction with those produced by certain enteropathogenic toxins, is reported. the standardization of a solid phase indirect immunoenzymatic assay (elisa) for the primary screening and selection of hybrids was performed; in addition, the isotype was determined. | 1992 | 9768213 |
| patient compliance in the use of vivotif berna(r) vaccine, typhoid vaccine, live oral ty21a. | several live attenuated vaccines against bacterial enteric pathogens have recently been licensed. these include the salmonella typhi ty21a typhoid vaccine (vivotif berna(r) vaccine) and vibrio cholerae cvd103-hgr cholera vaccine (mutacol berna(r) vaccine). they comprise a unique class of biologics in which patient compliance is required for their optimal use. this is of particular importance in the case of the ty21a vaccine strain of which multiple doses are required. furthermore, exposure to he ... | 1998 | 9772310 |
| a rivalry of foulness: official and unofficial investigations of the london cholera epidemic of 1854. | contemporaneous with john snow's famous study of the 1854 london cholera epidemic were 2 other investigations: a local study of the broad street outbreak and an investigation of the entire epidemic, undertaken by england's general board of health. more than a quarter-century prior to koch's description of vibrio comma, a board of health investigator saw microscopic "vibriones" in the rice-water stools of cholera patients that, in his later life, he concluded had been cholera bacilli. although th ... | 1998 | 9772861 |
| molecular epidemiological studies of vibrio cholerae in taiwan: genotyping by polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing. | to type the vibrio cholerae strains isolated from sporadic and epidemic cases in taiwan, 28 toxigenic isolates were studied by sequencing polymerase chain reaction-amplified cholera toxin gene (ctx) fragments. based on specific base substitutions on positions 115 and 203 of ctxb and comparison with previously published typing system from centers for disease control and prevention (olsvik theta et al., j clin microbiol 1993; 31:22-5, ref.1), two genotypes were identified. cholera strains from imp ... | 1995 | 9775006 |
| intestinal colonization of the infant mouse model by attenuated and virulent vibrio cholerae strains. | intestinal colonization of humans with virulent vibrio cholerae stimulates substantial, lasting immunity against reinfection. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the colonizing capability of various vibrio cholerae strains which are promising candidates to oral vaccine. | 1998 | 9775456 |
| [characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase gene fragment from mung bean vigna radiata using the polymerase chain reaction]. | two degenerate oligonucleotide sequence primers and polymerase chain reactions on total dna have been utilized to clone on 651--bp gene fragment coding the central part of amino acid sequence of an earlier unknown aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) from mung bean. the deduced partial amino acid sequence for this aldehyde dehydrogenase shows about 65% sequence identity to aldhs of vibrio cholerae rhodococcus sp., alcaligenes eutrophus and about 45% sequence identity to mammalian aldhs 1 and 2, aldhs o ... | 1998 | 9778740 |
| identification of the vibrio cholerae type 4 prepilin peptidase required for cholera toxin secretion and pilus formation. | cholera toxin secretion is dependent upon the extracellular protein secretion apparatus encoded by the eps gene locus of vibrio cholerae. although the eps gene locus encodes several type four prepilin-like proteins, the peptidase responsible for processing these proteins has not been identified. this report describes the identification of a prepilin peptidase from the v. cholerae genomic database by virtue of its homology with the pild prepilin peptidase of pseudomonas aeruginosa. plasmid disrup ... | 1998 | 9781884 |
| vibrio cholerae iron transport: haem transport genes are linked to one of two sets of tonb, exbb, exbd genes. | vibrio cholerae was found to have two sets of genes encoding tonb, exbb and exbd proteins. the first set (tonb1, exbb1, exbd1) was obtained by complementation of a v. cholerae tonb mutant. in the mutant, a plasmid containing these genes permitted transport via the known v. cholerae high-affinity iron transport systems, including uptake of haem, vibriobactin and ferrichrome. when chromosomal mutations in exbb1 or exbd1 were introduced into a wild-type v. cholerae background, no defect in iron tra ... | 1998 | 9781885 |
| [a monoclonal antibody-based study of the antigenic interrelations of typical and r forms of vibrio cholerae]. | monoclonal antibodies to surface determinants of v. cholerae r forms (r-mca) were obtained. r-mca and monoclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (lps) of v. cholerae s forms (s-mca) were used to show that the lps of deeply altered vibrios, agglutinating only with ro serum, completely lost its o-side chain. some common o determinants on the basis of s-mca were detected in typical cultures of v. cholerae o1 and ro vibrios which agglutinated to 1/4 t with o serum and, in low titers, with ro serum. ... | 1998 | 9783389 |
| [the prospects for improving chemical cholera vaccines]. | 1998 | 9783412 | |
| identification of the perosamine synthetase gene of brucella melitensis 16m and involvement of lipopolysaccharide o side chain in brucella survival in mice and in macrophages. | brucella organisms are facultative intracellular bacteria that may infect many species of animals as well as humans. the smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-lps) has been reported to be an important virulence factor of these organisms, but the genetic basis of expression of the s-lps o antigen has not yet been described. likewise, the role of the o side chain of s-lps in the survival of brucella has not been clearly defined. a mini-tn5 transposon mutant library of brucella melitensis 16m was screened b ... | 1998 | 9784561 |