Publications

a simulation study comparing two approximations for a quasi t-quantile, used in repeated measures anova.	in the analysis of variance it is not unusual to form a denominator of an approximate t-statistic from a linear combination of mean squares. two examples include the behrens-fisher problem and the repeated measures analysis of variance. one solution to the problem of finding the appropriate degrees of freedom is to use satterthwaite's approximation while another solution, due to cochran, is to form a weighted t-statistic. based upon computer simulations i have found that the magnitude of the bia ...	1994	7973241
mri contrast enhancement by gd-dtpa-monoclonal antibody in 9l glioma rats.	to achieve a tissue-specific enhancement in diagnosis of brain tumor, a magnetic resonance imaging (mri) study was performed using conjugate of gd-dtpa and monoclonal antibody (moab) against 9l glioma cells. fisher 344 strain rats were used for this study. moab against 9l glioma cells was conjugated with gd-dtpa according to the method of hnatowich et al. (1983) and used for the mri study. the gadolinium (gd) concentration in the gd-moab injected to the rats was 0.01-0.03 mmol/kg. the enhancemen ...	1994	7976589
studies of tamoxifen as a promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis in female fischer f344 rats.	tamoxifen, an antiestrogen used in the treatment of breast cancer, was assessed for carcinogenic potential in the two-stage model of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. groups of female fisher f344 rats were initiated with a non-necrogenic, subcarcinogenic dose of diethylnitrosamine (den; 10 mg/kg, po) and fed tamoxifen at a concentration of 250 mg per kg of ain-76a diet for 6 or 15 months. the livers of these animals exhibited an increase in size and number of altered hepatic foci compared with ...	1994	7981451
educational interventions and the use of parenteral nutrition.	the georgetown total parenteral nutrition forum generated consensus statements about the need for nutrition support. the main concern is that the excessive use of parenteral nutritional is both dangerous and expensive. we performed confidential audits using these criteria before and after educational interventions. the incidence of doubtful usage decreased from 29% (8/28) in mid-1991 to 3% (1/30) in mid-1992 (fisher exact probability = 0.01): a post-audit review one year later in mid-1993 reveal ...	1994	7981932
evaluation of deprenyl for cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects in rats.	the antiparkinsonian agent l-deprenyl is metabolized to l-methamphetamine and l-amphetamine and, at higher doses, can facilitate the release and inhibit the reuptake of dopamine. since l-deprenyl can affect dopamine release and reuptake it was important to evaluate it for cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects. male fisher rats were trained to discriminate cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) from saline in a two-lever, operant-conditioning procedure using schedules of food-delivery or stimulus-shock ...	1994	7982450
demand for isolation beds in a pediatric hospital.	to determine isolation bed use for community-acquired and nosocomial infections in a pediatric hospital.	1994	7985819
comparison of thermodynamic and kinetic effects between the leu32-->norvaline and leu35-->norvaline substitutions of the three-fragment complex of cytochrome c.	the three fragment complex (1-25)h.(28-38).(39-104) of horse cytochrome c (e.g., (1-25)h, the heme fragment containing residues 1 to 25) closely resembles the native protein except for residues 39 to 55, which are flexible. we have investigated how the leu35-->nva (norvaline) substitution differs from the leu32-->nva in the perturbation of the stability of this complex. the side chains of leu32 and leu35 are adjacent in the well-packed hydrophobic core of tuna cytochrome c (t. takano and r. e. d ...	1994	7986101
an in vitro study of two adhesive systems: third and fourth generations.	the aim of this in vitro study was to compare the adhesive properties of a manufacturer's third and fourth generation dentin adhesive. vestibular sections of recently extracted third molars were embedded in chemical-cured acrylic resin and ground with 600-grit silicon carbide sandpaper. fifteen samples were prepared with the adhesive products and the dentin surfaces were analysed by sem. twenty-four samples were divided into two groups and prepared with third and fourth generation systems, respe ...	1993	7988769
prediction of delayed neurological deficit after subarachnoid haemorrhage: a ct blood load and doppler velocity approach.	the predictive value of cranial computed tomography (ct) blood load and serial transcranial doppler sonography for the development of delayed ischaemic neurological deficit was assessed in 121 patients following subarachnoid haemorrhage. of the 121 patients, 81 (67%) had thick layers of blood or haematoma, including intraventricular bleeding. the proportion of patients who developed delayed deficit was higher with increasing amounts of subarachnoid blood on the admission ct (51% of 53 cases in f ...	1994	7991081
acute ataxic neuropathy with cross-reactive antibodies to gd1b and gd3 gangliosides.	we report a patient with an acute, self-limiting neuropathy consisting of ataxia and areflexia, but without ophthalmoplegia or limb weakness, with transient, high-titer serum igg antibodies to a single neuac(alpha 2-8)neuac-linked disialosyl epitope, as found on gd1b and gd3 gangliosides. the serum did not react with gq1b, gt1a, or gt1b. this atypical case, which most closely represents an incomplete miller fisher syndrome, indicates that anti-gd1b/gd3 antibodies may be able to induce sensory at ...	1994	7991134
the value of ploidy in the prognosis of the colorectal cancer.	between the prognostic indices in the colorectal cancer the ploidy has determined a great interest. to study the value of ploidy in the prognosis of the colorectal cancer, as a sign of the aggressiveness of the tumor for a therapeutic help, we have examined, in a retrospective study, 150 patients who had a colorectal cancer resected from 1980 to 1986. we have compared ploidy of specimens of paraffin-embedded tumors and dukes' stage, grading, the over-all, distal and local recurrence and the surv ...	1993	7992556
amino acid derivatives of 5-asa as novel prodrugs for intestinal drug delivery.	in an attempt to obtain site-specific delivery of 5-asa in the intestinal tract, we have determined the extent of absorption and metabolism of a number of novel 5-asa derivatives, namely, (n-l-glutamyl)-amino-2-salicylic acid (1), (n-l-aspartyl)-amino-2-salicylic-acid (2), 5-aminosalicyl-l-proline-l-leucine (3), and 5-(n-l-glutamyl)-aminosalicyl-l-proline-l-leucine (4), which are selectively cleaved by intestinal brush border aminopeptidase a and carboxypeptidases. these novel prodrugs, 5-asa, a ...	1994	7995185
[exercise 201-thallium myocardial scintigraphy in left bundle branch block].	reduced septal uptake of 201-thallium in patients with left bundle branch block is reported in literature as having a variable frequency (between 14% and 100%) and in such patients the value of exercise thallium-scintigraphy for the diagnosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery disease is limited by the great number of false-positive tests. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and the diagnostic sensitivity of this septal defect in a group of patients with left bundle b ...	1994	7995492
chronic nicotine administration does not affect peripheral vascular reactivity in the rat.	the effect of chronic nicotine exposure on vascular function and neurotransmitter content was studied in the fisher 344 rat. implantation of osmotic mini pumps containing nicotine (0.18-4.7 mg/kg/day) for 14 days resulted in dose-related levels of plasma nicotine (up to 362 +/- 15 ng/ml) and its major metabolite cotinine (1545 +/- 40 ng/ml), as measured by gas chromatography. rat body weight increase was inhibited significantly by 4.7 mg/kg/day of nicotine exposure. in the isolated perfused mese ...	1994	7996418
[target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases].	target antigens in neuroimmunological diseases were reviewed. these are; ple21 in limbic encephalitis; pcd17, cdr62, cdr34, and czf in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration; one of the anion transporters band 3 in chorea-acanthocytosis; visinin-like substance in cancer-associated retinopathy (car syndrome); myelin basic protein (mbp) and proteolipid protein (plp) in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; mbp, plp and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog) in multiple sclerosis; glutamic acid ...	1994	7996680
[fisher syndrome and anti-gq1b antibody].	serum anti-gq1b igg antibody is specifically detected in almost all the patients with fisher syndrome and those with guillain-barré syndrome with ophthalmoplegia in the acute phase. an anti-gq1b mouse monoclonal antibody immunostained the paranodal regions of the extramedullary portion of the human oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves. such immunostaining was not observed in the other cranial and peripheral nerves. anti-gq1b igg antibody may be involved in the pathogenetic mechanism of opht ...	1994	7996694
[initial prognostic factors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage].	the purpose of this retrospective study is to explain, using a total of 210 consecutive patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, the survival by several prognostic factors measured at the admission time. a multivariate analysis using the cox proportional hazards model allowed one to recognize five prognostic factors: secondary arterial hypertension (risk ratio (rr) = 1.8; p = 0.03), the hunt and hess grade-3 (rr = 3.3; p = 0.002), the hunt and hess grade-4 (rr = 7.3; p = 0.007), and the ...	1994	7997314
intrauterine transplantation of isogenic pancreatic islets in experimental diabetic rats.	the effect of intrauterine transplantation (iu group) as a potential immunologically privileged site on the diabetic state of the recipient was compared with that of conventional intraperitoneal transplantation (ip group) using fisher 344 rats. islets were isolated from the pancreata of normal rats and transplanted into the uterus and peritoneal cavity of the isogenic rats with experimental diabetes, which were treated with estradiol benzoate and progesterone. although all the rats in both group ...	1994	7999899
chlamydia trachomatis-specific antibodies in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease: comparison with isolation in tissue culture or detection with polymerase chain reaction.	the detection of acute phase antibodies against c trachomatis and its comparison with tissue culture or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on samples of cervix and urethra obtained from patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (pid).	1994	8001938
synergistic effect between intraneoplastic methotrexate and radiation on experimental intracerebral rat gliosarcoma.	methotrexate (mtx) alone has a limited effect against malignant brain tumors, but we previously demonstrated a beneficial synergism between mtx and radiation therapy (xrt) against rt-9 gliosarcoma. because the beneficial effects of that study were limited by systemic toxicity and poor brain penetration of mtx, we have continued our studies using direct intracerebral mtx therapy. male cd-fisher rats with intracerebrally implanted rt-9 gliosarcoma and indwelling brain tumor catheters were treated ...	1994	8008164
[scc-ag antigen in serum of patients with primary non-small cell lung carcinoma].	the study aimed at evaluating scc-ag in patients with nsclc, especially its predictive value following radical lung surgery. the study involved 70 patients with nsclc and 48 patients with non-cancerous lesions to the lungs. scc-ag was assayed with imx technique supplied by abbott. serum was tested before and 3 years after surgery. the results were analysed statistically with wilcoxon-fisher test. elevated scc-ag levels were found in 45.7% of patients with nsclc and in 4.1% pf patients with non-c ...	2008	8008646
neurosonographic abnormalities associated with maternal history of cocaine use in neonates of appropriate size for their gestational age.	to determine whether increased incidence of neurosonographic abnormalities (predominantly of the basal ganglia and thalamus) in cocaine-exposed neonates who are small for their gestational age is attributable to the cocaine or to neonatal size.	1994	8010272
cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.	cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are interesting, but rare. we reviewed the indiana university experience with these tumors over a 15-year period to study preoperative evaluation and long-term outcome. twenty-one patients (18 females and three males, mean age 59 years) were treated between 1977 and 1992. the lesions included mucinous cystic neoplasm-benign (6), mucinous cystic neoplasm-malignant (6), serous cystadenoma (5), ductal adenocarcinoma with cystic degeneration (2), papillary cystic neo ...	1994	8010565
[problems of animal welfare in sport fishing].	the legislative frame of animal welfare in fishing is built by the german animal protection act. it is completed by different state legislations on fishing, which essential parts are based on a number of judicial decisions concerning this subject. to be acquainted with the legal directions is of course a necessity for game fishers. nevertheless, the real attitude in conformity with the rules of animal protection is determined by a comprehensive knowledge of the species fish and its aquaeous biot ...	1994	8013292
estrogen treatment postpones the castration-induced dedifferentiation of dunning r3327-pap prostatic adenocarcinoma.	male copenhagen x fisher f1 rats, transplanted with the androgen-sensitive dunning r3327 pap rat prostatic adenocarcinoma, were castrated when tumor volumes were approximately 1300 mm3. the rats were thereafter followed with measurements of tumor volume. castration stopped tumor growth, but some of the tumors started to regrow after 7-36 weeks. these tumors relapsing from castration treatment were now considered to be androgen-insensitive. in this study, we defined relapse as the time when the t ...	1994	8022707
prognostic indicators in adult cerebral malaria: a study in burundi, an area of high prevalence of hiv infection.	we examined the possible risk factors for poor prognostic in cerebral malaria in 31 adults from burundi, an area of high prevalence rate of hiv-1 infection. depth of coma, temperature, vomiting, seizures, parasite load, or anaemia did not modify the outcome. high levels of creatinine, bilirubin, and/or lactates were indicators of poor prognostic. hiv-1 infection did not affect the clinical or biological presentation of cerebral malaria, and did not appear to influence the outcome.	1994	8023753
stress and interleukin-1 beta-induced activation of c-fos, ngfi-b and crf gene expression in the hypothalamic pvn: comparison between sprague-dawley, fisher-344 and lewis rats.	various signals are known to activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis, an event largely dependent on the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf) which originates mainly from the parvocellular paraventricular nucleus (pvn) of the hypothalamus. these signals include neurogenic stimuli such as exposure to mild electroshocks, and systemic stimuli like administration of cytokines. the hpa axis activity of lewis rats has been reported to be hyporesponsive to such stimuli, but the ...	1994	8025563
neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of the syndrome of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia: a review.	controversy regarding the nosological position of the syndrome of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia (miller fisher syndrome) exists. the oculomotor dysfunction was presumed to represent an unusually symmetrical peripheral cranial nerve dysfunction. to investigate the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations in this rare syndrome we reviewed 109 reports describing 243 cases. the ophthalmoplegia was remarkable in its constant association with a cerebellar type ataxia. it was described to be remarkably ...	1994	8030396
mode of delivery and perinatal results in breech presentation.	our purpose was to evaluate the outcome of deliveries with fetuses in breech presentation at labor and to compare the results by route of delivery. specially reviewed were fetuses weighing > or = 1500 gm.	1994	8030722
factors influencing neonatal outcomes in the very-low-birth-weight fetus (< 1500 grams) with a breech presentation.	our purpose was to evaluate factors that may influence perinatal outcomes in the very-low-birth-weight infant with breech presentation.	1994	8030730
the effects of n-3 fatty acids on the secretion of carboxyl-terminally truncated forms of human apoprotein b.	we have previously reported that in primary rat hepatocytes, n-3 fatty acid (either eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic) stimulates intracellular degradation of apoprotein b100 (apob100) and apob48 (wang, h., chen, x., and fisher, e.a. (1993) j. clin. invest. 91, 1380-1389). there was a greater effect on apob100 than on apob48. rat hepatoma (mcardle rh-7777) cell lines expressing carboxyl-truncated human apob species apob42, apob28, and apob18 were used to explore the relationship between the ef ...	1994	8034600
behçet's disease in saudi arabia.	to study the presentation of behçet's disease (bd) in the saudi population and to determine any differences in clinical manifestation and prognosis between men and women.	1994	8035390
body lead stores and urate excretion in men with chronic renal disease.	to determine the relationship of urate excretion to body lead stores in patients with chronic renal disease without previous lead exposure.	1994	8035397
bilateral seventh nerve palsy: analysis of 43 cases and review of the literature.	among inpatients with facial diplegia, one-half (22 patients) had benign, self-limited causes, including bell's palsy (10), guillain-barré syndrome (5), multiple idiopathic cranial neuropathies (3), brainstem encephalitis (2), miller fisher syndrome (1), and association with benign intracranial hypertension (1). nine patients had tumors: four meningeal, three prepontine, and two intrapontine. syphilis (2 patients), hansen's disease (1), cryptococcal meningitis with acquired immunodeficiency synd ...	1994	8035915
the spectrum of acquired demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.	guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is best viewed as a clinical syndrome which can have at least two clinical substrates: the commonest is an acquired demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and the other is an acute motor axonal neuropathy. an acute acquired neuropathy can also sometimes cause the miller fisher syndrome of ophthalmoplegia, areflexia and ataxia, and even more rarely a pure sensory neuropathy. the demyelinating form of gbs also forms one end of a spectrum which has chronic idiopathic dem ...	1994	8036880
seasonal and latitudinal occurrence of cerebral vasospasm and subarachnoid hemorrhage in the northern hemisphere.	using patient data obtained from the international cooperative aneurysm study that evaluated clinical records from 68 neurosurgical centers in 14 countries, we evaluated the data as to the monthly occurrence of cerebral vasospasm and subarachnoid hemorrhage relative to the latitude of the medical center where the data were gathered. using the edwards analysis for cyclic patterns, we examined peak to trough ratios and months of peak to assess the strength and nature of the cyclic variations betwe ...	1994	8038244
the impact of perioperative factors on subsequent intelligence quotient deficits in children treated for medulloblastoma/posterior fossa primitive neuroectodermal tumors.	despite success in treating children with medulloblastoma/posterior fossa primitive neuroectodermal tumor (pf pnet), some children survive with significant neurocognitive sequelae. this study was performed to understand better the significance of perioperative factors on subsequent full scale intelligence quotient (fsiq) deterioration in these children.	1994	8039126
laser photosensitization of cells by hypericin.	administering a light dose of 90 j/cm2 at 599 nm during incubation with hypericin to a highly differentiated normal epithelial cell line (frtl-5), derived from fisher rat thyroid, and to a neoplastic cell line (mptk-6), derived from the lung metastases of a thyroid carcinoma induced in fisher rats, produces cell kill at drug doses 1000 times lower than those necessary to cause the same mortality in the dark. the photocytocidal activity of this polycyclic quinone drug on neoplastic cells is super ...	1994	8041807
lupus erythematosus and miller-fisher syndrome.	to compare the clinical course of an unusual case of miller-fisher syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus with therapeutic interventions, in particular with plasma exchanges.	1994	8042933
the first t-test.	the data with which student illustrated the application of his famous distribution are examined from a number of aspects. central to the discussion is the within-patient clinical trial at kalamazoo whose results were published by cushny and peebles and misquoted by student and fisher. this trial is discussed from historical, pharmacological and statistical perspectives. student's and fisher's analyses and a more modern analysis by preece are considered as is cushny's and peebles's interpretation ...	1994	8047737
outcome of pregnancies complicated by sickle cell and sickle-c hemoglobinopathies.	retrospective analysis was made of office and hospital records of patients with sickle cell hemoglobinopathies. blood products were transfused only when indicated for symptomatic anemia, severe anemia with a hematocrit less than 18%, sickle crisis, cardiovascular instability, and preoperatively. the fisher exact test and the student t test were used for statistical analysis; p < 0.05 was considered significant. all mean values are reported +/- 1 standard deviation. from 1981 to 1991, 40 patients ...	1994	8048982
effect of fibrous glass on rat pleural mesothelium. histopathologic observations.	female fisher 344 rats (n = 25) were inoculated intrapleurally with a single 20-mg dose of (jm-100) fibrous glass. the mean length (2.2 microns) and width (0.15 microns) of the fibrous glass particles was within respirable range. following inoculation, the rats were killed at timed intervals ranging from 2 to 430 d from inoculation. the pleural histopathologic changes were independently observed by a panel of three pathologists blinded to the time elapsed from inoculation. fibrous adhesions, nod ...	1994	8049840
the beginning of stroke prevention by surgery.	normal variations in the crossflow capacity of the circle of willis, and the effects of disease upon this and on the thromboembolic potential of the cervical carotid, together account for the clinical unpredictability of strokes. these two factors form a recurring theme in the history of stroke studies, from 1664 with the publication of cerebri anatome, to the duplex and computer-assisted scanning techniques of today. the path followed by the discoverers is traced from hippocrates to moniz and m ...	1994	8049941
infection of rats with human t-cell leukemia virus type-i: susceptibility of inbred strains, antibody response and provirus location.	the susceptibilities of different strains of inbred rats to infection with the human t-cell leukemia virus (htlv-i) after inoculation of human htlv-i producer cell lines were compared. the fisher f344 and brown norway strains developed the highest antibody response to htlv-i, while the lewis and bb strains were low responders. antibodies against the htlv-i gag proteins, and env gp21 but not env gp46, were detected in western blots with sera from htlv-i-infected fischer f344 and brown norway rats ...	1994	8050826
[disorders of membrane mechanisms in stressor damage to the heart in rats of various strains].	the resistance of the rat's organism to emotional stress is determined by alterations of the heart's electric stability. the condition of lipid oxidation is accompanied by alterations of cholesterol and ionised calcium concentrations. such alterations were expressed in fisher rats to a greater extent. it conformed to the morphophysiological peculiarities of this group of animals and confirmed its considerable species sensibility.	1993	8054607
empirical tests of an information-motivation-behavioral skills model of aids-preventive behavior with gay men and heterosexual university students.	this article contains empirical tests of the information-motivation-behavioral skills (imb) model of aids-preventive behavior (j.d. fisher & fisher, 1992; w.a. fisher & fisher, 1993a), which has been designed to understand and predict the practice of aids-preventive acts. the imb model holds that aids-preventive behavior is a function of individuals' information about aids prevention, motivation to engage in aids prevention, and behavioral skills for performing the specific acts involved in prev ...	1994	8055859
prevention of corneal allograft rejection in rats treated with subconjunctival injections of liposomes containing dichloromethylene diphosphonate.	the drug dichloromethylene diphosphonate (cl2mdp) encapsulated in liposomes depletes macrophages but not other immunocompetent cells. the authors investigated whether subconjunctival injection of cl2mdp containing liposomes (cl2mdp-lip) could prolong survival of corneal allografts in rats.	1994	8056526
a kinetic mechanism of the allosteric control of enzyme-coenzyme binding: glutamate dehydrogenase-nadph-phosphate-acetate-hydrogen ion interactions.	we have previously characterized the thermodynamic relationships which govern the dissociation of nadph from bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase and the allosteric control of that mechanically and physiologically important process by a variety of effectors. we have found that the cooperative occupancy of a specific anion binding, while the occupancy of a second allosteric acetate binding site disrupts that anion binding site and opposes those effects (singh & fisher, 1994). we report here the r ...	1994	8068675
acetylcholinesterase adaptation to voluntary wheel running is proportional to the volume of activity in fast, but not slow, rat hindlimb muscles.	chronic enhancement of neuromuscular activity by forced exercise training programmes results in selective adaptation of the g4 acetylcholinesterase (ache) molecular form in hindlimb fast muscles of the rat, with only minor and non-selective ache changes in the soleus. in order to shed further light on the physiological significance of this g4 adaptation to training, we turned to a voluntary exercise model. the impact of 5 days and 4 weeks of voluntary wheel cage running on ache molecular forms w ...	1994	8075813
persistence of ventricular arrhythmia after resolution of occult myocarditis in children and young adults.	we sought to examine whether resolution of occult myocarditis in children with associated ventricular arrhythmia correlated with the presence of arrhythmia at late follow-up.	1994	8077553
affinity-purified escherichia coli j5 lipopolysaccharide-specific igg protects neutropenic rats against gram-negative bacterial sepsis.	antibodies were raised in rabbits by immunization with the heat-killed j5 mutant of escherichia coli o111 (rc chemotype). serum antibodies were separated into purified igg and igm by sequential affinity chromatography on protein g-sepharose and anti-rabbit igg-sepharose columns. j5 lipopolysaccharide (lps)-specific igg was prepared by affinity chromatography of purified igg on a j5 lps-eah sepharose 4b affinity column. purified igm, igg, and j5 lps-specific igg protected neutropenic rats against ...	1994	8077720
filtering surgery with mitomycin-c in uncomplicated (primary open angle) glaucoma.	mitomycin is an antibiotic with antineoplastic activity which inhibits fibroblast proliferation in the operative field in glaucoma filtering surgery. the authors retrospectively evaluated the effectiveness of trabeculectomy with mitomycin-c as an initial surgical procedure in uncomplicated (primary open angle) glaucoma in 17 eyes of 17 patients; 12 eyes of 12 patients that received standard trabeculectomy constituted the control group. mitomycin was applied at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml for 3 ...	1994	8079618
heat or gamma irradiation sterilization affects the hypocholesterolemic effect of guar gum in axenic and heteroxenic rats.	1. twenty-two axenic (germfree) or thirty heteroxenic (axenic colonized with human flora) 2.5-3.5 months old female fisher rats were fed for four weeks either a hypercholesterolemic (hyper) diet or a hyper diet containing 5% guar gum (gg) sterilized by heat or by gamma irradiation. 2. axenic rats fed the irradiated gg diet had higher cholesterolemia than their counterparts fed an autoclaved diet (4.50 vs 2.29 mmol/l), whereas the method of sterilization had no effect on plasma cholesterol in axe ...	1994	8081293
consistency of meal patterns in laboratory rats.	meal pattern measures (e.g., bout length and bout number) provide a detailed description of the elements of ingestion, and as a result they are theoretically more sensitive to experimental manipulation than simple measurements of total consumption over a fixed time period. for this reason, meal pattern measures are often used as a way to infer how rodents respond to tastants or how pharmacological or surgical treatments modify ingestive behavior. this approach relies on the assumption that under ...	1994	8084910
[2 solutions for estimating odds ratios with zeros].	two solutions are proposed for the estimation of odds ratios (or) when one or the two elements of the principal (a, d) or secondary (b, c) diagonals of a 2 x 2 matrix (a, b, c, d) are 0. the or estimate is ad/bc. if a or d are 0, or = 0; if b or c are 0, the or is undefined. analytical solution. this solution conserves the marginal totals. if b = 0 and c = 0, the or cannot be less than ad/1 (the minimal acceptable value), then the equation (a-x) (d-x)/x2 = kad/1 searches for that x which subtrac ...	1993	8085071
first person account: self-stigmatization.	the article that follows is part of the schizophrenia bulletin's ongoing first person accounts series. we hope that mental health professionals--the bulletin's primary audience--will take this opportunity to learn about the issues and difficulties confronted by consumers of mental health care. in addition, we hope that these accounts will give patients and families a better sense of not being alone in confronting the problems that can be anticipated by persons with serious emotional difficulties ...	1994	8085142
aging, cardiac proenkephalin mrna and enkephalin peptides in the fisher 344 rat.	cardiac proenkephalin (penk) mrna, methionine-enkephalin (me) and leucine-enkephalin (le) were determined from 2 days of age through senescence in fisher 344 rats. tissues were collected at 2 days, 2 weeks, 1, 2, 3, 7, 19, and either 22 or 27 months of age. hearts were dissected, extracted and assayed for me and le by radioimmunoassay (ria) or for penk mrna by northern blot analysis with a cdna probe. relative left ventricular (lv) penk mrna was low in 2 day animals and increased slowly between ...	1994	8089851
[evaluation of an experimental model of multiple organ dysfunction].	to perform an experimental model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (mods) without employing bacteria or endotoxin stimulus and to follow its evolution in vivo by a computerized tomography analysis of the lungs.	1994	8090313
pneumonia complicating pregnancy.	to determine the clinical course and perinatal outcomes of women with pneumonia complicating pregnancy.	1994	8090388
factors contributing to the accuracy in diagnosing ovarian malignancy by color doppler ultrasound.	to determine whether resistance index values obtained by color doppler ultrasound contribute to the accuracy in diagnosing ovarian malignancies.	1994	8090400
the persistence of spirochetal nucleic acids in active lyme arthritis.	six of seven patients with lyme arthritis were positive by pcr. in contrast, all 18 synovial fluid samples from patients with other disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, gout, pseudogout, hemarthrosis, degenerative joint disease, lupus, papillary synovitis, and trauma, were negative by pcr (p < 0.001, lyme arthritis compared with controls, fisher exact test). all 38 laboratory controls were negative by pcr. the assay reproducibly detected 20 or fewer b. burgdorferi cell ...	1994	8093136
mechanism of the reaction catalyzed by glutamate racemase.	the mechanism of the cofactor-independent glutamate racemase from lactobacillus has been studied. the possible formation of an acylenzyme intermediate during catalysis has been investigated using 18o-carboxyl labeled glutamate. the absence of any washout of label during racemization argues against intermediate formation. the observation of the enzyme-catalyzed incorporation of deuterium at the c-2 position of glutamate upon racemization in d2o provides evidence for a deprotonation/protonation me ...	1993	8097109
on the assembly of dodecameric glutamine synthetase from stable chaperonin complexes.	for many in vitro protein-folding reactions, the fraction of correctly folded product declines as the initial protein concentration increases due primarily to misfolding and aggregation reactions. under optimal conditions and in the presence of atp, chaperonins (groel and groes) enhanced the renaturation of dodecameric glutamine synthetase (gs) with yields of active enzyme between 75 and 85% of the original activity (fisher, m.t. (1992) biochemistry 31, 3955-3963). in spite of this enhancement, ...	1993	8100224
issues of consequence.	rapid advances in scientific knowledge and technology engender ethical and moral concerns. the explosion of new genetic information is bringing about changes that will affect virtually every aspect of our lives. jeffrey fisher, md, author of rx 2000, reports on health care breakthroughs we will see during the next 40 years. this article touches on just a few of the exciting, innovative, and sometimes troubling possibilities.	1993	8106995
expression of modified human cytochrome p450 1a2 in escherichia coli: stabilization, purification, spectral characterization, and catalytic activities of the enzyme.	a full-length human cytochrome p450 (p450) 1a2 cdna clone and four derivatives in which the 5'-terminus was modified were inserted into the pcw vector and used to transform escherichia coli cells. low levels of expression were seen with most of the constructs but high expression levels (245 nmol membrane-bound p450 recovered per liter culture) were achieved when the n-terminus was malllavfl, as reported earlier by fisher et al. (c. w. fisher, d. l. caudle, c. martin-wixtrom, l. c. quattrochi, r. ...	1994	8117105
age-related alterations of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in male fischer 344 rats.	aging is frequently associated with changes in physiological and cognitive processes. among these changes is a distinct dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. in the current experiments, aspects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function were compared in young (3- to 4-month-old) and aged (21- to 24-month-old) fisher 344/n male rats. basal acth and corticosterone levels during the circadian trough were elevated in aged compared to young rats. during the evening peak of th ...	1994	8119195
immunoglobulin subclass distribution and binding characteristics of anti-gq1b antibodies in miller fisher syndrome.	circulating igg antibodies to carbohydrate determinants on gq1b ganglioside are found in the acute phase sera of patients with miller fisher syndrome, a variant of guillain-barré syndrome. here we report that the igg subclass distribution of the anti-gq1b antibodies is mainly restricted to igg1 and igg3 antibodies, subclasses typically associated with a t cell-dependent immune response to protein antigens. this is highly unusual in that igg responses to carbohydrate determinants are typically of ...	1994	8120137
brinley plots, explained variance, and the analysis of age differences in response latencies.	critics of brinley plot analyses (e.g., fisk, fisher, & rogers, 1992; perfect, 1994) claim: (a) that lack of overlap between latencies on different tasks inflates r2 values; (b) that brinley plots mask task-specific age differences; and (c) that measurement error in young adults' latencies precludes the use of regression techniques with brinley plot data. we dispute these claims. we show that lack of overlap does not inflate r2 and that the possible presence of task-specific effects in brinley p ...	1994	8126362
pregnancy following cardiac prosthetic valve replacement.	to determine the effect of cardiac valve replacement on pregnancy outcome.	1994	8127524
specificity and function of murine monoclonal antibodies and immunization-induced human polyclonal antibodies to lipopolysaccharide subtypes of pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroup 06.	structural and antigenic heterogeneity has been noted among lipopolysaccharides (lps) produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa within serogroups previously considered to be serologically homogeneous. we characterized murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and immunization-induced human polyclonal antibodies reactive with one or more of five structurally variant lps subtypes belonging to serogroup 06 of the international antigenic typing system. analyses of five different mabs employing purified lps or wh ...	1994	8132318
age-related increase in liver retinyl palmitate. relationship to lipofuscin.	lipofuscin is a general term assigned to fluorescent material that accumulates in cells as they age. it is apparent from this study that the fluorescent intensity of detergent-solubilized liver from fisher-344 rats increased as a function of age. the fluorophore responsible for this increase was extracted with methanol and could be resolved from other cellular components when the methanol extracts were chromatographed over a reverse phase column. this compound was identified as retinyl palmitate ...	1994	8132600
which neuropsychological deficits are hidden behind a good outcome (glasgow = i) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?	a series of 31 patients with good neurological 6-month outcomes (glasgow outcome scale = i) was examined with a battery of cognitive tests 1 to 5 years after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah) and early operation. the results showed a marked disability in 28 to 62% of these patients in the subtests of a complex choice reaction task. short-term memory was impaired in 53% of the patients neuropsychologically examined, whereas 21% of them had a reduced long-term memory. concentration was impa ...	1993	8134014
age-related changes in polyamine biosynthesis after fasting and refeeding.	the effect of aging on ornithine decarboxylase (odc) activity and polyamine biosynthesis in the proximal small intestine was studied in two groups of male fisher 344 rats (young [4-month old] and aged [26- to 27-month old]) using a fasting and refeeding model. in control (nonfasted) rats, levels of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and odc activity were significantly higher in aged compared with young rats. in aged rats, fasting significantly reduced the levels of putrescine by 41 ...	1993	8137893
influence of gender on vascular reactivity in the rat.	tail artery ring segments and the isolated perfused mesenteric vascular bed from male, female metestrus and female proestrus fisher 344 rats were used to study the influence of estrous cycle or gender on vascular reactivity. vasodilator effects of nicotine on mesenteric vasculature and tail artery ring segments were not significantly different among the three groups. in the presence of guanethidine and methoxamine, transmural nerve stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves caused essenti ...	1994	8138955
strain differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity and stress ulcer.	strain differences in stress responsiveness have been previously described, but specific components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis responsible for stress hypo- or hyperactivity have not yet been characterized. this study proposed to analyze the effect of restraint stress on different measures of hpa function and stress ulcer in stress-ulcer prone wistar-kyoto (wky) and fisher 344 (f-344) rats and in the ulcer-resistant wistar strain. adult male rats of these strains were sham a ...	1994	8141389
prospective multicentric study of the etiology of 1051 bacteremic episodes in 782 cancer patients. cemic (french-belgian study club of infectious diseases in cancer).	a total of 1051 bacteremic episodes (782 patients) were prospectively recorded in 10 cancer centers (9 french, 1 belgian), with: patient's age (mean 53, range 1-89 years), underlying cancer, neutropenia (< 1000 neutrophils/microliters; 233), signs and symptoms, type of i.v. line (percutaneous central: 534; peripheral: 228; central implanted: 304), treatment, blood culture system, number of positive blood culture bottles/total obtained, time to growth. of all episodes, 23.2% occurred within 48 h ...	1993	8143099
alcohol-associated generation of oxygen free radicals and tumor promotion.	we discuss evidence indicating how ethanol could generate oxygen free radicals. recent use of techniques such as spin trapping and epr spectroscopy have demonstrably confirmed that both acute and chronic alcohol use by laboratory animals would generate free radical intermediates. these radicals are of biological origin and presumably involve lipids. however, an exact identification of the intermediates produced has not been worked out with the currently available methodologies. also not known is ...	1993	8147972
activation of the medial septal area attenuates ltp of the lateral perforant path and enhances heterosynaptic ltd of the medial perforant path in aged rats.	age-related memory impairments may be due to dysfunction of the septohippocampal system. the medial septal area (msa) provides the major cholinergic projection to the hippocampus and is critical for memory. knowledge of the neurobiological mechanisms by which the cholinergic system can attenuate age-related memory loss can facilitate the development of effective cognitive enhancers. at present, one of the best neurobiological models of memory formation is long-term potentiation/long-term depress ...	1993	8149224
a phylogenetic estimator of effective population size or mutation rate.	a new estimator of the essential parameter theta = 4ne mu from dna polymorphism data is developed under the neutral wright-fisher model without recombination and population subdivision, where ne is the effective population size and mu is the mutation rate per locus per generation. the new estimator has a variance only slightly larger than the minimum variance of all possible unbiased estimators of the parameter and is substantially smaller than that of any existing estimator. the high efficiency ...	1994	8150291
the role of serum testosterone in the accelerated extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in fluid deprived male rats.	fluid deprivation decreases serum testosterone (t) levels and increases the rate of extinction of a conditioned taste aversion in sprague-dawley male rats. it has been suggested that the decreased serum levels may be the primary factor responsible for the accelerated extinction rates during fluid deprivation. to test the generality of this hypothesis, the effect of fluid deprivation on t levels and extinction rate was investigated in fischer 344 male rats. extinction rates were accelerated in fi ...	1994	8153165
[comparison of two antimicrobial prophylaxis regimens in biliary tract surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial].	the aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy in prophylaxis during biliary tract and gallbladder surgery with amoxicillin/clavulanate and to compare it with the combination of cephalothin and clindamycin.	2013	8159877
abnormal evoked potentials in miller-fisher syndrome: further evidence of combined peripheral and central demyelination.		1994	8164009
high dose immunoglobulin therapy is effective in the miller fisher syndrome.		1994	8164023
pelvic fluid collections following hysterectomy and their relation to febrile morbidity.	to determine the incidence of pelvic fluid collections after hysterectomy, detected by transvaginal sonography and pelvic examination, and to correlate these findings with postoperative febrile morbidity.	1994	8164941
[guillain-barre syndrome: a study of 13 children].	a group of 13 children, aged 2 to 14 years, and diagnosed with guillain-barré syndrome has been analyzed. clinical features and outcome were retrospectively studied. in 75% of the patients there was an infectious illness previous to the neurologic symptoms and in four children the etiologic agent was demonstrated. motor deficits affecting the limbs and muscle stretch reflexes were absent in all thirteen patients. cranial nerve involvement showed-up in 46%. meningitic symptoms occurred in 62% of ...	1993	8166406
radical scavenger effect of boschniakia rossica.	to elucidate the mechanism of the invigorating and antisenile action of the dried herb of boschniakia rossica (boschniakiae herba), the free radical scavenging activity of its 50% ethanol extract (br) was examined using an electron spin resonance spectrometer. the scavenging activity of plasma from fisher-334 rats with continuous administration of br was also examined. the concentrations showing 50% inhibition of the free radical of br on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (dpph) radical, superox ...	1994	8170164
effect of fish oil on cancer cachexia and host liver metabolism in rats with prostate tumors.	the aim of this study was to investigate whether tumor-induced cachexia and aberrations in host liver metabolism, induced by the mat-lylu variant of the dunning prostate tumor, could be prevented by omega 3 fatty acids from fish oil. on day 0, adult copenhagen-fisher rats fed normal chow ad libitum were inoculated with 10(6) mat-lylu cells (n = 14) or saline (n = 9). on day 7, when tumors were palpable, four tumor-bearing (tb) and four nontumor-bearing (ntb) rats were put on isocaloric diets wit ...	1994	8170289
[motor impersistence].	motor impersistence is the term introduced by fisher to describe the inability to sustain certain simple voluntary acts such as keeping eyes closed, protruding the tongue etc. he considered it a specific, nondominant hemisphere symptom, but some investigators denied its relationship to the right hemisphere damage. we considered that this difference might depend on the following two features of mi; the one is inability to maintain one of these simple acts so long as normal persons do, the other i ...	1993	8174331
relation of maternal cocaine use to the risks of prematurity and low birth weight.	to determine whether maternal cocaine use at the time of delivery of the infant is an independent risk factor for low birth weight or prematurity, we performed a prospective anonymous urine toxicology screening study among 425 women in a large urban university-based maternity hospital. the data were subjected to univariate analysis with the fisher exact test and odds ratio determination, and to multivariate analyses by logistic regression. of 11 variables analyzed, cocaine use near delivery, no ...	1994	8176566
chronic renal allograft rejection in the rat. transplantation-induced antibodies against basement membrane antigens.	to obtain understanding of the immunologic mechanism of chronic rejection-associated glomerular and interstitial renal damage, we investigated the humoral immune response against donor type glomerular and tubular basement membrane proteins in rats with long-surviving renal transplants with and without chronic rejection.	1994	8176888
[an opinion/satisfaction survey on 2 models of clinical histories used in primary care].	we aimed to discover the opinion of primary care doctors regarding the structure, usefulness and problems when using two models of clinical records employed consecutively in the same health centres.	1994	8180304
recurrent intussusception. risks and features.	to determine the risk factors associated with recurrent intussusception (ri) and to characterize the timing, features, and complications of ri.	1994	8180637
concomitant boron-neutron capture therapy during fast-neutron irradiation of a rat glioma.	fast-neutron irradiation and boron-neutron capture therapy (bnct) have been independently investigated as treatments for malignant disease. this study tested the feasibility of enhancing fast-neutron irradiation with concomitant bnct.	1994	8184080
miller fisher syndrome associated with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection: report of a case.	we report a 38-year-old male patient who developed a miller fisher syndrome following a respiratory tract disorder associated with a serologically proven mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. although several neurologic manifestations have been reported after mycoplasma pneumonia infection, miller fisher syndrome has not been reported previously. no evidence of cns involvement could be demonstrated on repeated mri of the brain.	1994	8187390
uterine smooth-muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential.	to determine whether tumors meeting the criteria of hendrickson and kempson for uterine smooth-muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential have a natural history different from those of leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas.	1994	8190416
fetal hyperechogenic bowel following intra-amniotic bleeding.	to test the hypothesis that increased echogenicity of the fetal bowel at second-trimester scans results from intra-amniotic bleeding.	1994	8190437
treatment of septic shock with human monoclonal antibody ha-1a. a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. chess trial study group.	to compare the effectiveness of 100 mg of ha-1a and placebo in reducing the 14-day all-cause mortality rate in patients with septic shock and gram-negative bacteremia in the centocor: ha-1a efficacy in septic shock (chess) trial, and to assess the safety of 100 mg of ha-1a given to patients with septic shock who did not have gram-negative bacteremia.	1994	8198341
obstruction following anti-incontinence procedures: diagnosis and treatment with transvaginal urethrolysis.	we reviewed the charts of 41 patients who underwent transvaginal urethrolysis and resuspension of the bladder neck by the raz technique for urethral obstruction with or without stress urinary incontinence following anti-incontinence surgery. we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of the procedure as well as to determine any factors that had an effect on the outcome of surgery. patients were evaluated for obstruction and stress urinary incontinence by history, physical examination, video urodyna ...	1994	8201698
fisher's game with the devil.	the publication of fisher's correspondence on statistics has shed new light on his views on randomization. quotations from this correspondence and from other works of fisher are used to illustrate the role of randomization in clinical trials. it is concluded that fisher's views not only are coherent but, despite having been developed over 60 years ago and with particular reference to agricultural experiments, are still relevant to the planning and analysis of clinical trials today.	1994	8202650
behavioral effects of the novel tropane analog, 2 beta-propanoyl-3 beta-(4-toluyl)-tropane (ptt).	in vitro studies have demonstrated that a novel tropane analog, ptt, in which both of the esters of cocaine have been removed is 20 times more potent than cocaine and more selective than cocaine in binding to dopamine transporters. the present studies compared the ability of ptt and cocaine to stimulate locomotor activity in rats. the intraperitoneal administration of ptt and cocaine to male fisher-344 rats produced dose-dependent increases in spontaneous locomotor activity and stereotypic behav ...	1994	8208059