Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| strain variations in the murine cellular immune response to the phenolic glycolipid i antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | the cellular immune response to the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i was examined in inbred mice immunized with m. leprae by in vivo delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity and in vitro lymphocyte proliferation. whereas all mouse strains responded to m.leprae-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity and lymphocyte proliferation, only balb.k was responsive in both assays to the glycolipid. responsiveness was determined in part by non-h-2 genes, while the influence of h-2 genes was not ... | 1986 | 3510979 |
| characterization of the anti-neural antibodies in the sera of leprosy patients. | sera from 43 leprosy patients were tested for antibodies that bound to normal human nerve. thirty-eight percent showed positive staining as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. only 1 out of 30 control sera tested displayed similar staining. western blots of myelin and neural intermediate filament (if) proteins were tested with patient sera. two of the anti-neural antibody (aneab)-positive leprosy sera bound to the p0 protein of pns myelin. all 17 aneab-positive leprosy sera displayed 2 ... | 1986 | 3511085 |
| electron microscopy of mycobacterium leprae in cutaneous nerve components. | cutaneous nerves in lepromatous lesions from ninety-six patients were observed by electron microscopy. the regenerative process of myelinated fibers was evident within lepromatous tissues. intact or degenerative forms of mycobacterium leprae were surrounded by the electron transparent substance within the axoplasm and schwann cell cytoplasm. in contrast, the microenvironment of m. leprae in macrophages was characterized with fusing lysosomes and foamy structures. these results suggest that the e ... | 1986 | 3512184 |
| quantitation of the phenolic glycolipid of mycobacterium leprae and relevance to glycolipid antigenemia in leprosy. | chemical and immunologic procedures have been developed for quantitation, in the body fluids of patients with leprosy, of phenolic glycolipid i, the major specific antigen of the leprosy bacillus. serum samples were extracted with chcl3/ch3oh and fractionated on columns of silicic acid. thin-layer chromatography with a sensitivity of about 500 ng allowed detection of the glycolipid in untreated lepromatous and borderline patients, and high-pressure liquid chromatography gave a quantitation of 0. ... | 1986 | 3512732 |
| interleukin-1 released by blood-monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with leprosy. | in highly purified blood-monocyte-derived macrophages collected from patients with leprosy and from healthy individuals and cultured in vitro with mycobacterial antigens such as mycobacterium bovis bcg or mycobacterium leprae, we nonspecifically induced the synthesis of interleukin-1. normally, all supernatants from cultured macrophages of all subjects tested produced similar amounts of interleukin-1. however, only in patients with lepromatous leprosy, m. leprae, but not bcg, induced high-level ... | 1986 | 3514458 |
| deficiency of cell mediated immunity in leprosy. | 1986 | 3515353 | |
| the immunobiology of leprosy. | leprosy, a chronic infectious disease of man, is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium m. leprae. infection with m. leprae affects the peripheral nerves and the dermis, causing an accumulation of macrophages and other immune cells at the infected sites. host resistance to the bacterium determines the extent of local inflammatory reactions and its resulting damage to the affected tissues. in lepromatous disease little if any cellular immunity develops. bacterial multiplication is uncontr ... | 1986 | 3516911 |
| the number of mycobacterium leprae in the pretreatment biopsy-specimen does not determine the rate of response of patients with lepromatous leprosy to chemotherapy with acedapsone. | 1986 | 3517535 | |
| secondary dapsone-resistant leprosy in brazil: a preliminary report. | 1986 | 3517536 | |
| m. leprae phagocytosis and its association with membrane changes in macrophages from leprosy patients. | abnormal phagocytosis of mycobacterium leprae by macrophages of lepromatous patients was demonstrated under various conditions. the largest proportion of macrophages with an excessive bacterial load belonged to the lepromatous group of patients. lepromatous macrophages treated with cytochalasin b, an inhibitor of phagocytosis, exhibited a significantly lower degree of ingestion of heat-killed organisms whereas uptake of 'viable' organisms was not affected to the same extent. regulation of phagoc ... | 1986 | 3517765 |
| evaluation of the origin of mycobacterium leprae infections in the wild armadillo, dasypus novemcinctus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the phenolic glycolipid-1 (pgl-1) antigen of mycobacterium leprae and cross-reactive antisera specific for human igm was developed to detect igm antibodies to m. leprae in the nine-banded armadillo (dasypus novemcinctus). statistical definitions for positive and negative interpretations in the elisa were developed by screening animals recently captured and experimentally inoculated with m. leprae. the elisa was shown to have high sensitivity and ... | 1986 | 3518509 |
| chemical synthesis of disaccharides of the specific phenolic glycolipid antigens from mycobacterium leprae and of related sugars. | o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-2,3,-di-o-methyl-l -rhamnopyranose, which is the nonreducing disaccharide of the haptenic trisaccharide of the mycobacterium leprae-specific, phenolic glycolipid i, o-(6-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-2,3-di-o-methyl-l-rhamn opyranose, the nonreducing end of the specific, phenolic glycolipid iii, and the nonhaptenic o-beta-(d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-2,3-di-o-methyl-l-rhamnopyranose++ +, were synthesized in relatively good yield from 3 ... | 1986 | 3518927 |
| preliminary study of a mycobacterium leprae bacterin vaccine in a human volunteer population in a nonendemic area. | seventeen volunteers who had never resided in areas with significant transmission of leprosy (hansen's disease) were inoculated intradermally with 1.5 x 10(8) killed, purified armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae in a standardized preparation being tested for possible vaccine use. the peak of local skin responses, consisting of induration with or without ulceration similar to the post-lepromin mitsuda reaction, occurred between the 21st and 28th days after injection. the maximum mean induratio ... | 1986 | 3519481 |
| adenosine triphosphate content of mycobacterium leprae isolated from armadillo tissue by percoll buoyant density centrifugation. | a buoyant density centrifugation procedure using percoll was developed for the isolation and purification of mycobacterium leprae from experimentally infected armadillo liver tissue. the method separates the bacteria from host adenosine triphosphate (atp) and tissue debris and recovers 20-25% of the bacteria within 2-2 1/2 hours under controlled conditions. the mean atp content (585 pg/10(6] of the purified bacteria was similar to cultivable bacteria. the organisms did not leak intracellular atp ... | 1986 | 3519794 |
| susceptibility of strains of mycobacterium leprae isolated prior to 1977 from patients with previously untreated lepromatous leprosy. | because of the recent spate of reports of primary resistance to dapsone among patients with lepromatous leprosy, largely to small concentrations of the drug, a survey was made of the results of dapsone-susceptibility testing of strains of mycobacterium leprae isolated before 1977 among six laboratories which employed the mouse foot pad technique for this work prior to that time. data have been found for strains that had been isolated from 73 patients, representing 19 countries and dependencies, ... | 1986 | 3519796 |
| [sulfone-resistance of mycobacterium leprae--monotherapy with diaminodiphenylsulfone--the value of triple-drug combinations]. | while the emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium leprae was foreseen and known for a long time, it is now presented as a tragedy jeopardizing leprosy control through monotherapy. this resistance has been mainly reported in the united states. it is not observed in other parts of the world. in our opinion, the unfavorable observations made at present result from an incorrect implementation of dapsone (dds) therapy in the patients, resulting in low sulfone blood levels, as a consequence of t ... | 1986 | 3519797 |
| a more malignant course of leprosy infection in armadillos after inoculation with sonicated suspension of mycobacterium leprae. | 1986 | 3519798 | |
| xenograft studies in leprous neuropathy. | 1986 | 3519799 | |
| in vitro assessment of endothelial cell response to mycobacterium leprae. | 1986 | 3519800 | |
| clofazimine-resistant m. leprae. | 1986 | 3519801 | |
| relapse rates in lepromatous leprosy according to treatment regularity. | in gudiyatham taluk, south india, 1008 lepromatous (ll) and borderline lepromatous (bl) patients were studied. they had previously been smear positive, had attained smear negativity, and continued on dds monotherapy. "relapse" was defined as the reappearance of mycobacterium leprae in skin smears. the area is endemic for leprosy. the lower relapse rates in the first three years of smear negativity alone were associated with more-regular treatment during both past smear positivity and smear negat ... | 1986 | 3519802 |
| sensitization studies with potential leprosy vaccine preparations in northern malawi. | this paper describes a comparison between bcg alone and two different doses of killed mycobacterium leprae, with or without bcg, in stimulating skin-test sensitivity to two different soluble antigens prepared from m. leprae. skin test conversion was assessed three months after vaccination. significant rates of skin test conversion were stimulated by each of the vaccines to both skin test antigens, but the observed conversion rates differed markedly as measured by the two antigens. all of the vac ... | 1986 | 3519803 |
| immunohistological analysis of skin reaction to my1 derived from mycobacterium leprae. | a study was made on the in situ characteristics of dermal infiltrates in a 24-hr skin reaction using monoclonal antibodies defining t-cell subsets, ia-like antigens, langerhans' cells, my1, and indirect immunofluorescence. the skin reaction was induced by the mycobacterial antigen my1 derived from mycobacterium leprae. in all, 10 biopsies were studied. the infiltrates were composed of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. the predominant lymphocytes in the infiltrates were activated t ly ... | 1986 | 3519804 |
| icrc vaccine-induced changes in m. leprae-specific cell-mediated immunity in langur (presbytis entellus) monkeys. | the effects of the administration of icrc antileprosy vaccine on skin reactions and lymphocyte transformation tests (ltt) to antigens of mycobacterium leprae have been investigated in hanuman langur monkeys (presbytis entellus) which live native to north india. in a majority of these monkeys, the vaccine brings about lepromin conversion associated with a change in tissue response consistent with "ugrading" of immunity. however, no concomitant changes were observed in the ltt. the significance of ... | 1986 | 3519805 |
| an ultrastructural study of the response of traumatized rabbit tibial nerve to epineurial infection with mycobacterium leprae. | crushed rabbit tibial nerves were inoculated with a suspension of living mycobacterium leprae at and just distal to the site of nerve trauma. the resulting changes occurring over a period of time from 40 min to 72 hr post-inoculation were studied electron microscopically. bacilli were seen in perineurial cells and in macrophages that had infiltrated the perineurium adjacent to epineurial deposits of m. leprae. it is suggested that trauma may weaken the perineurial barrier and facilitate the tran ... | 1986 | 3519806 |
| macrophage membrane alterations in leprosy as determined by change in sialic acid level. | the level of sialic acid removable by neuraminidase from macrophages of bacteriologically-positive lepromatous leprosy (b(+)ll) patient is extremely low, compared to macrophages from tuberculoid leprosy patients or normal individuals. on the other hand macrophages from long term treated bacteriologically-negative lepromatous leprosy (b(-)ll) patients show a much higher level of sialic acid. this higher level is drastically reduced when these macrophages from (b(-)ll) patients are allowed to phag ... | 1986 | 3519974 |
| antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-1 and to whole mycobacterium leprae in leprosy patients: evolution during therapy. | sera from 92 patients were tested by the elisa method for the presence of igm antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-1 (pgl-1) of mycobacterium leprae, and of both igm and igg antibodies to the whole m. leprae bacillus. all untreated lepromatous patients exhibited high antibody levels in all three assays. a sharp decline of igm antibodies to pgl-1 and whole m. leprae was observed during the first two years of therapy, while igg antibodies to whole m. leprae showed a progressive decrease only over a n ... | 1986 | 3522769 |
| superiority of the neonatally thymectomized lewis rat (ntlr) to monitor a clinical trial in lepromatous leprosy of the two regimens of rifampin and dapsone. | the ability of the neonatally thymectomized lewis rat (ntlr) and the congenitally athymic (nude) rat systems to detect low numbers of viable mycobacterium leprae in tissues from lepromatous leprosy patients undergoing short-course chemotherapy was compared with that of the commonly employed mouse foot pad assay. fifteen previously untreated lepromatous patients were randomly assigned to treatment regimens of either a single initial 1500 mg dose of rifampin plus daily doses of 100 mg of dapsone, ... | 1986 | 3522770 |
| prophylactic/therapeutic effects and induction of reversal reactions with thymus transplantation in mycobacterium leprae-infected nude mice. | the study results indicated that thymus transplantation was effective in suppressing the growth of mycobacterium leprae in the nude mouse, and also suggested that thymus transplantation was effective as immunotherapy of experimental leprosy in nude mice. the histopathological findings revealed the induction of reversal reactions in those animals receiving thymus transplants. | 1986 | 3522771 |
| lysis of m. leprae by macrophages in vitro. | 1986 | 3522773 | |
| a multifactorial culture medium with growth factors from leprosy-derived mycobacteria proposed in cultivation trials for mycobacterium leprae. | 1986 | 3522774 | |
| [histopathology of leprosy. study of more than 2300 biopsies]. | 2,326 biopsies on moroccan subjects suffering of leprosy had been studied in 4 years. after a critical study of histopathologic diagnosis and the classifications, the authors studied especially the lepromatous granuloma, its evolution during treatment and the lepromatous reactions. defining histologically a reactional background, they make a certain generalisation among all the types of reactions observed in lepromatous patients. | 1986 | 3524877 |
| induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity in human volunteers immunized with a candidate leprosy vaccine consisting of killed mycobacterium leprae. | a killed armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae vaccine was examined for its ability to induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) response in purified protein derivative (ppd)-positive human volunteers living in a leprosy non-endemic country. four groups of individuals aged between 23 and 28 years were given 1.5 x 10(7), 5 x 10(7), 1.5 x 10(8) and 5 x 10(8)m. leprae intradermally. a marked increase in reactivity to the m. leprae-derived skin test antigen (mlsa) was observed in the vaccinated ... | 1986 | 3524883 |
| the influence of killed mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacteria on opsonized yeast phagocytosis. | the influence of killed mycobacteria on the metabolic burst associated with phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan by normal human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl) or monocytes was studied by chemiluminescence (cl) measurements. m. leprae reproducibly reduced the peak and total cl of both types of phagocyte to a small, but highly significant extent. electron microscopy showed that m. leprae were phagocytosed: cells with ingested or adherent m. leprae phagocytosed fewer zymosan particles. m. leprae ... | 1986 | 3524918 |
| igm and igg antibodies to phenolic glycolipid i from mycobacterium leprae in leprosy: insight into patient monitoring, erythema nodosum leprosum, and bacillary persistence. | serum igm and igg antibodies against mycobacterium leprae-derived phenolic glycolipid i (pg) were determined in leprosy patients, contacts, and controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). anti-pg igm levels increased from the tuberculoid (tt) to the lepromatous (ll) pole of the disease spectrum. there was a positive linear correlation between anti-pg igm and bacillary index (bi). patients with erythema nodosum leprosum (enl) had lower levels of serum anti-pg igm than non-enl patients ... | 1986 | 3528312 |
| on difficulties in reporting and interpreting sfg index. | 1986 | 3528334 | |
| presence of "difficult to isolate" mycobacteria in armadillos. | contrary to the findings with armadillos from louisiana and texas, armadillos from florida are free of natural leprosy-like infection. examination of ear clip, nasal, blood buffy coat, liver and spleen of inoculated armadillos from florida did not reveal the presence of any acid fast bacteria. however, using massive inocula, 6 out of 77 armadillo tissues were found to contain very negligible proportions of cultivable mycobacteria. the significance of these isolates in relation to m. leprae and a ... | 1986 | 3528335 |
| study of amplitude frequency spectra of the compound action potentials recorded from normal and m. leprae infected mice using fourier series analysis. | compound action potentials recorded from normal and m. leprae infected mice sciatic nerves were analysed in frequency domain using fourier series analysis. changes in myelinated fibre potentials were detected as early as 2nd post-inoculation month. this technique could be further developed to aid in early diagnosis of leprosy. | 1986 | 3528337 |
| supervised administration of multidrug therapy in leprosy colonies through volunteers--a bacteriological assessment. | 1986 | 3528338 | |
| immunity to leprosy. iv. murine t-cell proliferative responses to mycobacteria. | the nature of antigens shared between mycobacterium leprae and other species of mycobacteria has been examined using a murine t-cell proliferation assay. mice were immunized with different mycobacteria, and lymph node cultures were prepared one week later and challenged with m. leprae antigen. the 13 species of mycobacteria tested as antigens in this assay revealed that several species shared antigens in common with m. leprae as recognized by t-cell responses. c57bl/10j mice and congenic strains ... | 1986 | 3528344 |
| combined clofazimine- and dapsone-resistant leprosy. a case report. | a preliminary report is presented on the finding in a patient with lepromatous leprosy relapsing after maintaining clinical inactivity and bacterial negativity with dapsone monotherapy for a period of 23 years. interestingly, mycobacterium leprae from the fresh skin lesions revealed resistance to both clofazimine and dapsone by standard mouse foot pad testing. | 1986 | 3528345 |
| adoptive transfer of tolerance induced by icrc bacilli against mycobacterium leprae in mice. | icrc bacilli, the cultivable leprosy-derived mycobacteria, isolated from lepromatous nodules of leprosy patients were found to be immunogenic in balb/c mice at a dose of 2 x 10(7) acid-fast bacilli when injected by the intradermal (i.d.) route. the sensitization to lepromin and icrc antigens was measured by the foot pad enlargement (fpe) method. the same dose of bacilli when injected by intravenous (i.v.), intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes induced immune tolerance in mice as indicated by ... | 1986 | 3528346 |
| a random survey of leprosy in wild nine-banded armadillos in louisiana. | on the basis of the finding that lepromatous granulomas were almost always seen in the ears of armadillos with disseminated leprosy, a random survey of the prevalence of the disease among wild armadillos in the state of louisiana, u.s.a., was conducted by examining histopathologically both ears of armadillos killed on the roads by automobiles. ten (2%) of the 494 animals examined had disseminated leprosy. if a killed lepromatous armadillo releases up to 10 mycobacterium leprae into the environme ... | 1986 | 3528348 |
| purification of m. leprae isolated from human skin biopsies. | 1986 | 3528349 | |
| immunoreactivity of a 70 kd protein purified from mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin by monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography. | the protein antigens from mycobacterium bovis (bcg), m. tuberculosis, and m. leprae share a number of common determinants. we have used a murine mab (l7) recognizing such a determinant on a protein of mr 70,000 to purify this antigen from m. bovis sonicate by affinity chromatography. enrichment of the protein in column eluates was confirmed by immunoblotting and in antigen inhibition assays. after radiolabelling with 125i, the protein could be immunoprecipitated with human lepromatous leprosy se ... | 1986 | 3528377 |
| a facile synthesis of 3,6-di-o-methyl-d-glucose. | 1986 | 3530456 | |
| [hla and leprosy]. | although there is now accumulating evidence that the host response to mycobacterium leprae is genetically controlled, the nature of the genetic component is still imprecise. case-control studies as well as family studies, in various populations, have shown that hla linked factors confer susceptibility to tuberculoid leprosy and lepromatous leprosy respectively. recently, associations between gm allotypes and the disease have also been reported. further studies of the familial cosegregation of th ... | 1986 | 3531989 |
| delayed-type hypersensitivity in human volunteers immunized with a candidate leprosy vaccine. | 1986 | 3533193 | |
| naturally acquired leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo: a decade of experience 1975-1985. | a decade has passed since our first report of naturally acquired leprosy in the nine-banded armadillo. our studies and those of others during this period confirm the identification of the etiologic agent as mycobacterium leprae. confirmation is based on the results of histopathologic examination and microbiologic evaluations that included attempts to culture the organism, flourescent antibody studies, mycolic acid analysis, and dna determinations demonstrating complete relatedness between the na ... | 1986 | 3534127 |
| adherence of mycobacterium leprae to schwann cells in vitro. | adherence of mycobacterium leprae was studied in vitro in monolayer cultures of purified mouse schwann cells. the optimum temperature and time for adherence were determined. pretreatment of schwann cells with lipase reduced adherence, but pretreatment with trypsin enhanced it and with four monosaccharides--l-arabinose, l-galactose, l-rhamnose and d-glucose--there was no significant effect, indicating that the receptors involved in adherence may be lipid. | 1986 | 3534276 |
| two potential improvements to bcg and their effect on skin test reactivity in the lebanon. | an account of an ongoing project to assess the possible benefits of two additives to bcg vaccine is presented. these additives are suspensions of irradiation killed mycobacterium vaccae in one case, and m. leprae in the other. groups of children aged 7-17 living in zgharta and akkar districts of north lebanon have received vaccination with bcg alone or with either of the two additives since 1980. this region was chosen since contact with environmental mycobacteria is small, but both leprosy and ... | 1986 | 3535188 |
| thorns in armadillo ears and noses and their role in the transmission of leprosy. | both ears from 494 wild nine-banded armadillos (dasypus novemcinctus) and nose specimens from 224 animals were collected and histopathologically studied. lepromatous granulomas were present in the ear specimens of ten of 494 animals. there were thorns in the ears of 22.5% of animals, and in 36.6% of the nose specimens. in one armadillo, there was evidence to suggest that mycobacterium leprae entered the tissue through the thorn pricks. in the normal habitat of the armadillo in louisiana there ar ... | 1986 | 3535729 |
| catalases, peroxidases, and superoxide dismutases in mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacteria studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | the five mycobacteria mycobacterium lepraemurium, m. leprae, m. bovis bcg, m. smegmatis, and m. intracellulare were studied. catalase and peroxidase activities were demonstrated in polyacrylamide and crossed immunoelectrophoresis gels for m. lepraemurium, m. intracellulare, and bcg, but not for m. leprae. peroxidase and catalase activities were associated with the same precipitate line in crossed immunoelectrophoresis for m. lepraemurium, m. intracellulare, and bcg, showing that in these mycobac ... | 1986 | 3536745 |
| mpb59, a widely cross-reacting protein of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | the mpb59 protein of mycobacterium bovis bcg was purified to homogeneity from culture fluid of bcg substrain tokyo, and characterized by biochemical and immunological techniques. the molecular weight was 28,000, determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the pi value was 5.3. the n-terminal amino acid sequence was determined for 32 steps and showed no significant homology with mpb64, mpb70 or mpb80. by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, mpb59 was found to belong to the bcg antigen 85 ... | 1986 | 3536756 |
| serodiagnosis of leprosy: relationships between antibodies to mycobacterium leprae phenolic glycolipid i and protein antigens. | sera from leprosy patients and controls were assayed for immunoglobulin m (igm) and igg antibodies to the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i antigen (pg) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, for igg antibodies to m. leprae protein antigens by western immunoblot, and for antibodies to a 65-kilodalton (kda) protein antigen of m. leprae by a competition antibody binding assay. elevated levels of anti-pg igm were seen in lepromatous and borderline lepromatous patients, and elevated ... | 1986 | 3537003 |
| the cellular responses of tuberculosis and leprosy patients and of healthy controls in skin tests to 'new tuberculin' and leprosin a. | the density and distribution of t4 and t8 lymphocytes and of monocyte/macrophages at the site of skin tests with mycobacterial antigens was studied in pulmonary tuberculosis and leprosy patients and in healthy controls. most of the inflammatory cells were located in perivascular and periappendicular foci in the dermis: the percentage of the dermis occupied by focal infiltrate was unrelated to the clinical measurement of the area of induration. there was a less intense diffuse infiltrate in the d ... | 1986 | 3539419 |
| lipase activity in mycobacterium leprae--an indicator of metabolic function. | presence of lipase, in mycobacterium leprae obtained from human nodules and infected armadillo tissues, has been detected by demonstrating the ability of the bacteria to hydrolyze tributyrin. this capacity is expressed during incubation of the bacteria with the substrate and needs a source of carbon and other energy metabolites. the activity is blocked by anti m. leprae drug rifampicin. it is concluded that expression of lipase activity is a metabolic event of m. leprae, while they are maintaine ... | 1986 | 3540141 |
| sciatic nerve in experimental leprosy. | swiss albino mice were inoculated with mycobacterium leprae obtained from untreated lepromatous patients. histopathological study of sciatic nerves showed no abnormality. however a few free acid fast bacilli (afb) were detected in the sciatic nerves taken from the inoculated limbs during the early stages of infection, suggesting the nerve-fibre route of travel as seen in humans in experimental leprosy, too. | 1986 | 3540142 |
| adcc function in mycobacterium leprae inoculated normal and immunosuppressed mice. | normal and immunosuppressed mice were inoculated with mycobacterium leprae obtained from untreated lepromatous patients. besides monitoring the afb counts in the footpads at 3,6 and 9 months post inoculation, antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) function was studied. the adcc function seen to be largely unaltered in the m. leprae infected animals, comparable to the observation made in human leprosy. | 1986 | 3540143 |
| mycobacterium leprae: metabolically competent, but microbe-dependent; indications for in vitro cultivation. | 1986 | 3540144 | |
| phenolic glycolipid-i of mycobacterium leprae induces general suppression of in vitro concanavalin a responses unrelated to leprosy type. | using a costimulant assay, in vitro con a responses of patients across the leprosy spectrum were found to be markedly suppressed by phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i), a unique antigen of m. leprae. the degree of inducible suppression as well as the number of leprosy patients showing suppression of mitogenic responses was higher with pgl-i as compared with integral m. leprae (p less than 0.05 to less than 0.01). both untreated lepromatous (60%) as well as tuberculoid leprosy (67%) patients showed sig ... | 1987 | 3540178 |
| how might mycobacterium leprae enter the body? | 1986 | 3540493 | |
| antimycobacterial antibodies in dasypus novemcinctus infected with mycobacterium leprae and their correlation with the serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase. | 1986 | 3540494 | |
| antigens of mycobacterium leprae in urine during treatment of patients with lepromatous leprosy. | 1986 | 3540495 | |
| survey for primary dapsone resistance in cuba. | 1986 | 3540496 | |
| the killing of mycobacterium leprae in mice by various dietary concentrations of dapsone and rifampicin. | 1986 | 3540497 | |
| mycobacterial plasmids: screening and possible relationship to antibiotic resistance in mycobacterium avium/mycobacterium intracellulare. | 1986 | 3540539 | |
| identification of specific and cross-reactive antigens of leishmania donovani chagasi by human infection sera. | cloned leishmania donovani chagasi (ldc) promastigotes were analyzed by sds-page separation and immunoblotting with human infection sera. the patterns of antigen reactivity were compared by using sera from individuals with ldc, leishmania mexicana amazonensis (lma), trypanosoma cruzi, mycobacterium tuberculosis, or mycobacterium leprae infections. sera from individuals with these infections recognized ldc antigens in several m.w. ranges. reactivity was due to recognition of ldc molecules and not ... | 1987 | 3543131 |
| a dot enzyme immunoassay for detection of igm antibodies against phenolic glycolipid-i in sera from leprosy patients. | a visual dipstick dot enzyme immunoassay (eia) for diagnosis of leprosy is described. the assay is based on detection of igm antibodies against phenolic glycolipid (pgl-i) in sera from leprosy patients. the antigen (pgl-i or synthetic disaccharide of pgl-i) was dotted on a nitrocellulose pad stuck on a plastic strip (dipstick). sera were used at a dilution of 1:200. peroxidase coupled mouse anti-human igm monoclonal antibodies were used as the conjugate. a positive test gave a blue dot against a ... | 1986 | 3543160 |
| demonstration of leprosy bacilli in the eyes of experimentally infected armadillos: a comparison of five melanin bleaching methods. | 1986 | 3543588 | |
| methods for the detection of a specific mycobacterium leprae antigen in the urine of leprosy patients. | two methods for detecting the phenolic glycolipid, pgl-1, a mycobacterium leprae-specific molecule, in the urine of leprosy patients are described. both methods rely on the 100-fold preconcentration of the urine, which can be accomplished by a single-step ultrafiltration procedure. the equivalent of approximately 2.5 micrograms of pgl-1/ml was detected in the urine of ll patients with an inhibition elisa. the second method, a direct dot-blot assay on nitrocellulose paper, was much simpler and mo ... | 1987 | 3544198 |
| intracellular fate of mycobacterium leprae in normal and activated mouse macrophages. | mycobacterium leprae replicates within mononuclear phagocytes, reaching enormous numbers in the macrophage-rich granulomas of lepromatous leprosy. to examine the capability of macrophages to digest m. leprae, we studied the intracellular fate of m. leprae organisms in normal and activated mouse macrophages by using the electron-dense secondary lysosome tracer thoria sol. intracellular m. leprae organisms, surrounded by a characteristic electron-transparent zone, were contained within phagosomal ... | 1987 | 3546136 |
| inhibition of the interaction of mycobacteria with schwann cells by antimycobacterial antibodies. | the effect of antimycobacterial serum on the uptake of mycobacterium w by 33b rat schwannoma cell line and rat peritoneal macrophages was studied. incubation of mycobacterium w with antimycobacterial serum caused a marked inhibition of its uptake by 33b cells but did not diminish its uptake by macrophages. these results suggest that the mechanism of the interaction of mycobacteria with schwann cells differs from that with macrophages. | 1987 | 3546373 |
| elisa detection of igm antibodies against phenolic glycolipid-i in the management of leprosy: a comparison between laboratories. | igm antibodies to the phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen of mycobacterium leprae were detected by different elisa techniques in three laboratories (in new york, colorado, seattle, u.s.a.). the agreement on seropositivity and overall correlation between techniques was excellent. a positive linear correlation between the bacterial index (bi) and anti-pgl-i igm, previously reported by the new york laboratory, was detected by all techniques. the role of erythema nodosum leprosum in decreasing the ... | 1986 | 3546543 |
| selection of sites for slit skin smears in untreated and treated leprosy patients. | a total of 1000 slit-skin smears were taken from multiple sites (both ear lobules, right elbow, dorsal aspect of middle phalanx of the left finger, and dorsum of middle phalanx of the right foot) from 558 leprosy patients. there were 319 sets (1595 smears) from untreated patients and 681 sets (3405 smears) from the treated group. the duration of treatment varied from 6 months (multidrug therapy) to 7 years (dapsone monotherapy). the ear lobules gave significantly higher values for the bacterial ... | 1986 | 3546544 |
| evaluation of monitoring antibodies to pgl-i in armadillos experimentally infected with m. leprae. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for igm antibodies to the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of mycobacterium leprae was evaluated for efficacy in monitoring armadillos experimentally infected with the bacillus. igm antibodies were detected in armadillos from 186 days after experimental infection until the animals were sacrificed. the elisa demonstrated the establishment of infection earlier and more reliably than the histologic methods previously applied. satisfactory yields of m. lepra ... | 1986 | 3546545 |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of ofloxacin against mycobacterium leprae infection induced in mice. | ofloxacin, a new quinolone, exhibits bactericidal activity against mycobacterium leprae in mice, both in vivo and in vitro. | 1986 | 3546546 |
| antimycobacterial activities of two newer ansamycins, r-76-1 and dl 473. | the antimycobacterial activities of two newer ansamycins, isobutylpiperazinylrifamycin sv (r-76-1) and cyclopentylrifamycin sv (dl 473), were compared with those of rifampin (rmp) both in vitro and in vivo. in terms of minimal inhibitory concentrations against a number of cultivable mycobacteria, r-76-1 was about eight times more active in vitro than rmp; whereas dl 473 was only slightly more active than rmp. therapeutic activities of r-76-1 versus rmp and dl 473 versus rmp were compared, respec ... | 1986 | 3546547 |
| classification of nerves is modified by the delayed recognition of mycobacterium leprae. | biopsies of 42 concurrent nerve and skin lesions across the spectrum of leprosy were classified and compared histologically and bacteriologically. observations were made as follows: a) the bacterial load was higher in nerve than in skin lesions of the same histological classification, and it was higher in nerve than in concurrent skin lesions irrespective of classification, although not at the lepromatous pole. b) there was some discrepancy between the histological classification of nerve and sk ... | 1986 | 3546549 |
| host-parasite interrelationship between m. leprae and schwann cells in vitro. | 1986 | 3546550 | |
| analysis of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium leprae by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. | monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium leprae were characterized in crossed immunoelectrophoresis and showed markedly different patterns of reactivity with m. leprae lines 2, 7 and 11 respectively. line 7 corresponds to a cell wall-associated macromolecular complex containing lipid, polysaccharide, and two distinct 36 k and 65 k proteins. | 1987 | 3547616 |
| genetic epidemiology of the susceptibility to leprosy. | to test the hypothesis that genetic factors are operative in the predisposition to leprosy (hansen's disease) in humans, a genetic epidemiologic investigation was performed on 269 leprosy kindreds containing 552 affected individuals from an isolated population in papua new guinea. the community, and not the family, was the basic social unit. leprosy, an infectious disease, was not communal but strongly familial within the karimui. segregation analysis, to determine whether a major gene for the s ... | 1987 | 3549780 |
| in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes from human volunteers vaccinated with armadillo-derived, killed m. leprae. | a killed, armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae vaccine was examined for its ability to induce cell-mediated responsiveness in purified protein derivative (ppd)-positive volunteers residing in a nonendemic country using the lymphocyte transformation test (ltt). a marked increase in the proliferative responses to a m. leprae-soluble antigen preparation was observed in the two groups which were vaccinated with the highest doses of the vaccine, i.e., 1.5 x 10(8) and 5 x 10(8) bacilli. this increas ... | 1987 | 3549938 |
| enhanced cell-mediated immune responses in erythema nodosum leprosum reactions of leprosy. | cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses were measured in 39 lepromatous, 44 erythema nodosum leprosum (enl), and 22 post-enl patients. the leukocyte migration inhibition test was used to measure cmi responses to mitogen phytohemagglutinin-p (pha), crossreacting antigen purified protein derivative (ppd) of tuberculin, and armadillo-derived whole and sonicate mycobacterium leprae. "early t" lymphocytes of the peripheral blood were also enumerated using the rosetting technique. significantly enhanced ... | 1987 | 3549939 |
| activities of pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse. | because ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin are fluoroquinolones active against many mycobacterial species, both drugs were tested against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse foot-pad system. preliminary pharmacokinetic studies in the mouse showed that after a single oral dose of 150 mg/kg ciprofloxacin the peak serum concentration was 3.6 micrograms/ml, and after 50 mg/kg or 150 mg/kg pefloxacin peak serum concentrations were, respectively, 9.2 micrograms/ml and 16.9 micrograms/ml, the half-lives for se ... | 1987 | 3549940 |
| further studies of the killing of m. leprae by aminoglycosides: reduced dosage and frequency of administration. | the bactericidal activity of the aminoglycoside antibiotics streptomycin and kanamycin for mycobacterium leprae in mice was assessed, both alone and in combination with rifampin, utilizing various dosage schedules. as in previous studies, 100 mg/kg five times weekly of streptomycin and kanamycin resulted, respectively, in 96% +/- 2% and 89% +/- 6% bactericide. reducing the dosage of streptomycin to 50 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and even 12.5 mg/kg resulted in less but significant bactericidal activity. su ... | 1987 | 3549941 |
| events surrounding the recognition of mycobacterium leprae in nerves. | histological examination and immunocytochemistry of schwann cells, macrophages, and mycobacterial antigen were used to study 48 nerves of untreated patients with leprosy. none of the patients was in reaction clinically, but microreactions, involving small clusters of schwann cells and macrophages in all cases except ll, were marked by progressive degradation of acid-fast bacilli (afb). this was thought to be the response to the recognition of mycobacterial antigen. in the first phase, the disint ... | 1987 | 3549942 |
| [drug resistance of mycobacterium leprae]. | 1986 | 3551466 | |
| [vaccination against leprosy]. | 1986 | 3551467 | |
| [dynamics of establishing resistance of m. leprae to dapsone and rifampicin in martinique]. | 1986 | 3551468 | |
| [inadequate rifampicin treatment in multibacillary leprosy and the incubation time of relapse]. | 1986 | 3551469 | |
| [immunogenetics of leprosy]. | 1986 | 3551470 | |
| the "hansen-anergic fringe". | the hansen-anergic fringe ("haf") of the population is the minority genetically incapable of developing that variety of specific immunity to myco. hansenii which leads to the positivity of the mitsuda reaction. in spite of the fact that the haf was identified as early as 1937, its real proportion in the human species is still not exactly known. considering that myco. tuberculosis has been proved to induce mitsuda-positivity in the genetically capable majority, studies with the tuberculin reactio ... | 1986 | 3551473 |
| [antibacterial chemotherapy in leprosy: principles, objectives and recommendations]. | 1986 | 3551474 | |
| metabolism of mycobacterium leprae in macrophages. | the incorporation of 14c-labeled palmitic acid ( [u-14c]pa) into the phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) fraction of mycobacterium leprae was studied in a murine macrophage system in vitro. peritoneal macrophages from swiss webster mice were infected with fresh viable or formalin-killed m. leprae harvested from infected footpads of nu/nu mice, and [u-14c]pa was added to the culture medium. labeled glycolipid synthesized by live m. leprae was fractionated on a florisil-silicic acid column and identifie ... | 1987 | 3552993 |
| cellular and humoral immune response to a phenolic glycolipid antigen (phengl-i) in patients with leprosy. | the ability of phenolic glycolipid i (phengl-i) of mycobacterium leprae to stimulate in vitro lymphocyte proliferation (lp) was tested in cultures of peripheral blood cells from 42 patients with leprosy in chicago and thailand, 9 individuals with household contact in thailand, and 10 unexposed north american controls. only 10 responders (24%) were found among the patients, and the degree of lp was small. responders were found among patients with lepromatous (18%) or tuberculoid (30%) leprosy wit ... | 1987 | 3553227 |
| a comparative study of the efficacy of who and ial multidrug therapy regimens for leprosy--an in-vivo and in-vitro study. | in the absence of definite evidence on utility of intensive therapy with rifampicin in multibacillary leprosy cases, a laboratory based investigation was undertaken basically to compare the efficacy of who and ial regimens. in each group 4 untreated bl-ll patients were included and their skin biopsies were subjected for viability test both in vitro and in vivo systems. a consistant fall in bi with good clinical improvement was observed in both the groups. however good viability was maintained ti ... | 1986 | 3553361 |
| multiple relapses in borderline leprosy--a case report. | a case of borderline lepromatous leprosy with a history of 5 years duration of disease, was first seen in 1971 and treated with graded doses of dapsone in the op clinic of the institute. he became inactive and bacteriologically negative in 3 years. while continuing on dapsone therapy he relapsed into active dapsone resistant leprosy 3 1/2 years later. he was admitted in the hospital and given rifampicin 600 mg. daily for 15 days along with dapsone 100 mg. daily. he again became inactive and bact ... | 1986 | 3553362 |
| on the "culture medium for cultivation of m. leprae" published by dr. laszlo kato. | 1986 | 3553363 | |
| bacillaemia in smear negative leprosy. | 1986 | 3553364 |