Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| comparison of culture and 2 real-time polymerase chain reaction assays to detect group b streptococcus during antepartum screening. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the most common cause of life-threatening infection in neonates but is preventable if the mother is diagnosed before and treated at delivery. using 200 vaginal-rectal swabs inoculated to enrichment (lim) broths, we compared routine culture and 2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays for detection of gbs: the lightcycler (lc) strep b analyte-specific reagents (asrs) (roche diagnostics, indianapolis, in) and the bd geneohm strepb (bd-strepb) test (bd geneo ... | 2007 | 17509794 |
| a comparison of the activity of tigecycline against multiresistant clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus agalactiae. | we evaluated the activity of several antibiotics against 225 clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus and 252 isolates of streptococcus agalactiae. only tigecycline, glycopeptides, and linezolid were active against all the isolates of s. aureus, whereas the beta-lactams were also active against s. agalactiae. tigecycline could be a good alternative to ampicillin in the treatment of group b streptococcus infections in patients allergic to beta-lactam. | 2007 | 17509803 |
| rac1, rhoa, and cdc42 participate in hela cell invasion by group b streptococcus. | the group b streptococcus (gbs) is an important human pathogen with the ability to cause invasive disease. to do so, the bacteria must invade host cells. it has been well documented that gbs are able to invade a variety of nonphagocytic host cell types, and this process is thought to involve a number of pathogen-host cell interactions. while some of the molecular aspects of the gbs-host cell invasion process have been characterized, many events still remain unclear. the objective of this investi ... | 2007 | 17517067 |
| nitric oxide and prostaglandin response to group b streptococcal infection in the lung. | group b streptococcus (gbs) causes a complex inflammatory process that involves prostaglandins (pg) and nitric oxide (no). the goal of this study was to examine the inflammatory response to gbs in the lung and the co-regulation of the pg and no pathways, if any, both in vitro and in vivo. sprague dawley rats were treated with various combinations of gbs, aminoguanidine (ag), a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) inhibitor, and l-arginine (la), a no donor. the mrna expression of the ... | 2007 | 17522374 |
| a composite transposon associated with erythromycin and clindamycin resistance in group b streptococcus. | group b streptococcus (gbs) resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin has been isolated with increasing frequency since the mid-1990s. this work studied gbs isolates from three us cities to determine the genetic basis of the macrolide resistance phenotype. ermb genes were amplified from five isolates collected in boston, pittsburgh and seattle from infant and adult sources. gene-walking methods were used to determine the chromosomal location of ermb and to identify associated genes. southern map ... | 2007 | 17577061 |
| recurrent neonatal group b streptococcal disease associated with infected breast milk. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major cause of severe systemic infections among the newborn. both recurrent and maternal mastitis-associated, group b streptococcus diseases are uncommon. persistence of gbs colonization of infants' mucous membrane is postulated to influence the pathogeneses of recurrent gbs infection. the authors describe a term infant who was treated for gbs sepsis and meningitis and then later developed recurrent gbs sepsis, without meningitis, due to feeding of infected breas ... | 2007 | 17579109 |
| quantification of penicillin g during labor and delivery by capillary electrophoresis. | in this study, a capillary electrophoresis (ce) method was developed as a means to measure levels of penicillin g (pcn g) in group b streptococcus (gbs) positive pregnant women during labor and delivery. volunteers for this developmental study were administered five million units of pcn g at the onset of labor. urine, blood, and amniotic fluid samples were collected during labor and post delivery. samples were semi-purified by solid-phase extraction (spe) using waters tc18 seppak 3cc cartridges ... | 2008 | 17588670 |
| invasive streptococcus agalactiae septic arthritis as an initial presentation of tonsillar carcinoma. | invasive group b streptococcus (gbs) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality among adults, but only in the last three decades has the role of gbs as a serious pathogen in the nonpregnant adult been better defined. it has been found that one or more serious underlying medical conditions predisposing to infection can be identified in almost all adults with invasive gbs disease. we report a 64-year-old man who had tonsillar carcinoma presenting with right knee gbs septic arthritis. in ... | 2007 | 17609832 |
| phenotypical characteristics of group b streptococcus in parturients. | colonization by group b streptococcus (gbs) is highly prevalent among pregnant women, with prevalence rates ranging between 4% and 30%. the infection may be transmitted vertically and may result in serious neonatal consequences. in the period from november 2003 to may 2004, a cross-sectional study was carried out among 316 parturients at the jundiaí teaching hospital to establish the prevalence of genital gbs colonization, to identify the factors associated with colonization and the characterist ... | 2007 | 17625774 |
| misoprostol to induce labour: a review of its use in a nsw hospital. | induction of labour (iol) is a common procedure in maternity care. misoprostol is a prostaglandin e(1) analogue that is effective, cheap and easily stored but not licensed for this use in australia. despite evidence supporting the use of misoprostol for iol, few australian maternity units use it. | 2007 | 17627683 |
| [invasive streptococcus agalactiae infections in non-pregnant adults]. | streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) is a major cause of invasive diseases in non-pregnant adults, particularly in the elderly and those with underlying conditions. we describe these conditions and clinical characteristics of patients followed in our teaching hospital. | 2007 | 17629430 |
| serotype ix, a proposed new streptococcus agalactiae serotype. | we identified three isolates of streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus [gbs]), of human origin, which failed to react with antisera against any of the nine known gbs serotypes. polyclonal rabbit antisera raised against these isolates and standard gbs typing sera were used in capillary precipitation and ouchterlony tests to compare the strains with known gbs serotype reference strains. all three previously nontypeable isolates reacted with all three new antisera, producing lines of ident ... | 2007 | 17634306 |
| perinatal group b streptococcal disease after universal screening recommendations--united states, 2003-2005. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the united states. in 2002, cdc, the american college of obstetricians and gynecologists (acog), and the american academy of pediatrics (aap) issued revised guidelines for the prevention of perinatal gbs disease. these guidelines recommend universal screening of pregnant women by culture for rectovaginal gbs colonization at 35-37 weeks' gestation and the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for gbs carrier ... | 2007 | 17637595 |
| vertebral osteomyelitis in a healthy young adult. | a 39-year-old african american man with no significant past medical history presented to our hospital with right hand weakness and pain in both arms. he had no fever, neck pain, headache, dizziness, vision changes, or weakness in his lower extremities. magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed extensive abnormal enhancement of the c7-t1 vertebral bodies as well as the prevertebral and epidural spaces. open biopsy of the lesion showed inflammatory changes consistent with osteomyelit ... | 2007 | 17642354 |
| neua sialic acid o-acetylesterase activity modulates o-acetylation of capsular polysaccharide in group b streptococcus. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a common cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. a major gbs virulence determinant is its sialic acid (sia)-capped capsular polysaccharide. recently, we discovered the presence and genetic basis of capsular sia o-acetylation in gbs. we now characterize a gbs sia o-acetylesterase that modulates the degree of gbs surface o-acetylation. the gbs sia o-acetylesterase operates cooperatively with the gbs cmp-sia synthetase, both part of a single polypeptide encoded by th ... | 2007 | 17646166 |
| neonatal group b streptococcal infection related to breast milk. | group b streptococcus is currently the most common cause of sepsis and meningitis in newborns. how should mothers whose breast milk cultures show growth of this microorganism be managed regarding breastfeeding? this case study discusses the possible transfer of group b streptococcus to a preterm infant from mother's milk. it also describes the process that was taken to preserve the breastfeeding experience while the infant was treated. the questions provoked during this investigation prompted th ... | 2006 | 17661607 |
| cervical pregnancy complicated with group b streptococcal meningitis. | maternal group b streptococcal infection is an uncommon entity. herein we describe a case of a 27-year-old-woman who presented life-threateniing group b streptococcus meningitis with an ectopic cervical pregnancy. no other infectious focus have been found. to our knowledge this is the first time that this association has been reported. | 2007 | 17674249 |
| risk factors for group b streptococcal colonization: potential for different transmission systems by capsular type. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a common inhabitant of the bowel and vaginal flora, with known transmission routes including sexual contact and vertical transmission from mother to infant. food-borne transmission is also possible, as gbs is a known fish and bovine pathogen. we conducted a prospective cohort study in order to identify risk factors for acquisition. | 2007 | 17689259 |
| management of group b streptococcus in pregnant women with penicillin allergy. | to determine whether group b streptococcus (gbs)-colonized pregnant women who report a history of penicillin allergy can safely undergo diagnostic evaluation to rule out or confirm the potential for an ige-mediated (allergic) reaction to penicillin. | 2007 | 17694964 |
| analysis of group b streptococcal isolates from infants and pregnant women in portugal revealing two lineages with enhanced invasiveness. | the populations of group b streptococcus (gbs) associated with vaginal carriage in pregnant women and invasive neonatal infections in portugal were compared. gbs isolates were characterized by serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) profiling, and multilocus sequence typing (mlst). serotypes iii and v accounted for 44% of all colonization isolates (n = 269), whereas serotypes iii and ia amounted to 69% of all invasive isolates (n = 64). whereas serotype ia was associated with early-o ... | 2007 | 17699641 |
| a streptococcal penicillin-binding protein is critical for resisting innate airway defenses in the neonatal lung. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major cause of neonatal pneumonia. the early interactions between innate airway defenses and this pathogen are likely to be a critical factor in determining the outcome for the host. the surface-localized penicillin-binding protein (pbp)1a, encoded by pona, is known to be an important virulence trait in a sepsis model of gbs infection that promotes resistance to neutrophil killing and more specifically to neutrophil antimicrobial peptides (amps). in this study, w ... | 2007 | 17709535 |
| rapid determination of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in group b streptococcus isolated from vaginal-rectal swabs. | our objective was to assess the ability of real-time pcr to predict in vitro resistance in isolates of group b streptococcus (gbs). | 2007 | 17710240 |
| reevaluating the serotype ii capsular locus of streptococcus agalactiae. | we report a novel sequence of the serotype ii capsular locus of group b streptococcus that resolves inconsistencies among the results of various groups and the sequence in genbank. this locus was found in diverse lineages and presents genes consistent with the complete synthesis of the type ii polysaccharide. | 2007 | 17715372 |
| group b streptococcus infection in pregnancy. | group b streptococcus (streptococcus agalactiae), a gram-positive coccus, is one of the major causes of maternal or neonatal severe infection and sepsis. maternal infection associated with gbs includes acute chorioamnionitis, endometritis, and urinary tract infection. | 2007 | 17765489 |
| group b streptococcal infections in a northern region of italy. | group b streptococcus is a leading cause of neonatal bacterial infections. despite adoption of preventive strategies, cases of infection continue to occur and there is concern that widespread antimicrobial prophylaxis might delay rather than prevent disease onset, increasing the rates of late-onset diseases. | 2007 | 17766492 |
| role of toll-like receptor 2 in innate resistance to group b streptococcus. | the gram-positive bacterium group b streptococcus (gbs) is an important cause of serious neonatal and adult infections. toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) recognizes components of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and is critical for defense against certain invasive pathogens. in gbs, penicillin-binding protein 1a (pbp1a), encoded by pona, is required for virulence. pbps participate in cell wall synthesis and in previous studies; the absence of pbp1a was shown to result in subtle changes in the c ... | 2008 | 17851030 |
| camp factor is not essential for systemic virulence of group b streptococcus. | the gram-positive pathogen group b streptococcus (gbs) is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis in human newborns. gbs elaborates a pore-forming toxin known as camp factor that synergizes with staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin, generating a co-hemolytic reaction useful in identification of gbs in the clinical laboratory. to evaluate the indirect evidence implicating camp factor in gbs pathogenesis, the cfb gene encoding the pore-forming cytotoxin was deleted by precise ... | 2008 | 17870297 |
| epidemiology of early-onset neonatal group b streptococcal infection: implications for screening. | to determine the difference in outcomes between universal screening and risk-based assessment for prenatal group b streptococcus (gbs) infection based on the epidemiology of early-onset gbs infection in winnipeg, man, and to examine its implications for prenatal gbs screening. | 2007 | 17872785 |
| institution of universal screening for group b streptococcus (gbs) from a risk management protocol results in reduction of early-onset gbs disease in a tertiary obstetric unit. | to determine the effect of institution of a universal screening protocol as per cdc 2002 guidelines had on the incidence of early-onset group b streptococcal (gbs) and non-gbs disease in a tertiary obstetric unit. | 2007 | 17877594 |
| identification of vaginal group b streptococcus carriage in a west of scotland general practice. | 2007 | 17896264 | |
| [aerobic vaginitis--diagnostic problems and treatment]. | the diagnostic criteria and treatment of aerobic vaginitis--av--have been summarized in this review. an expansion of mixed aerobic microflora, especially group b streptococcus--gbs, escherichia coli--e. coli, enterococcus spp., and the development of inflammation of the vaginal mucous membrane due to a decreasing amount of lactobacillus spp., have been observed in women with av. disruptions of the vaginal ecosystem during av cause an increase in ph to >6, a decrease in lactates concentration and ... | 2007 | 17899708 |
| pyogenic sacroiliitis--a comparison between paediatric and adult patients. | pyogenic sacroiliitis is a rare cause of hip pain and fever. we aim to report a series of 33 patients with pyogenic sacroiliitis and to investigate the differences among paediatric and adult cases. | 2007 | 17901064 |
| late-onset neonatal infections caused by group b streptococcus associated with viral infection. | an association between viral infection and late-onset disease caused by group b streptococcus (gbs), was systematically looked for in neonates hospitalized for fever during a 3 1/2 year period. five neonates between 5 to 12.5 months of age presented with meningitis (2 cases) or with septicemia (3 cases) caused by gbs. viral culture, immunofluorescence, and assay of ifnalpha in blood and cerebrospinal fluid were performed. a viral infection was proved in 4 cases and suspected in 1 case (rash and ... | 2007 | 17901809 |
| a comparison of a new rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction system to traditional culture in determining group b streptococcus colonization. | the objective of the study was to evaluate a rapid real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for intrapartum detection of group b streptococcus (gbs). | 2007 | 17904971 |
| duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis for group b streptococcus in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes who are not in labor. | the purpose of this study was to determine the duration of the time that is needed to eradicate group b streptococcus (gbs) in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pprom). | 2007 | 17904972 |
| [detection of colonization by streptococcus agalactiae: prospective study comparing real-time gene amplification with a new chromogenic medium strepto b id]. | we carried out a prospective study including 554 vaginal swabs simultaneously tested for antenatal screening of group b streptococcus (gbs or streptococcus agalactiae) using culture on the chromogenic medium strepto b id (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) and real time gene amplification on lightcycler (roche applied science). we centrifuge the swabs with "sets" device and separate centrifugates in 2 parts: one for the culture and the other one for molecular biology. first half of the centrifu ... | 2007 | 17905532 |
| [in vitro activity of moxifloxacin (8-methoxyquinolone) alone or in combination with cefotaxime against group b streptococci]. | our objective is to determine in vitro efficiency of moxifloxacin (mxf) alone or in combination with cefotaxime (ctx) on group b streptococcus (gbs). | 2007 | 17905539 |
| intrapartum anaphylaxis to penicillin in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis who had no prior penicillin allergy. | little is known about the development of drug allergy during pregnancy or in patients with altered immune status. | 2007 | 17910335 |
| tlr2 and caspase-8 are essential for group b streptococcus-induced apoptosis in microglia. | microglia, the resident innate immune cells of the cns, detect invading pathogens via various receptors, including the tlr. microglia are involved in a number of neurodegenerative diseases in which their activation may be detrimental to neurons. it is largely unknown how this potentially deleterious action can be countered on a cellular level. we previously found that the interaction of tlr2 with group b streptococcus (gbs), the most important pathogen in neonatal bacterial meningitis, activates ... | 2007 | 17947688 |
| postoperative pneumonia after major pulmonary resections: an unsolved problem in thoracic surgery. | antibiotics currently recommended for prophylaxis in thoracic surgery are first-generation and second-generation cephalosporins. despite this prophylaxis, postoperative pneumonia after major pulmonary resections remains frequent and severe. however, in the medical literature, the origin of these infections is poorly documented. | 2007 | 17954082 |
| invasive group b streptococcus isolates showing reduced susceptibility to penicillin in hong kong. | 2007 | 17959733 | |
| immunomodulators plus antibiotics delay preterm delivery after experimental intraamniotic infection in a nonhuman primate model. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether treatment with ampicillin together with dexamethasone and indomethacin delays preterm birth that is induced by intraamniotic group b streptococcus in a nonhuman primate model. | 2007 | 17980193 |
| approach to term neonates born after maternal intrapartum fever and unknown maternal group b streptococcus status: value of serum c-reactive protein and 16s rrna gene pcr amplification. | thirty-six term neonates born after maternal intrapartum fever, with premature rupture of membranes <18 hours and unknown maternal group b streptococcus status had blood samples for complete blood count, c-reactive protein, culture, and 16s rrna gene polymerase chain reaction amplification. only 2 neonates were symptomatic and none had leukopenia, c-reactive protein >1.0 mg/dl, bacteremia, or positive polymerase chain reaction. | 2007 | 17984819 |
| phenotypical and genotypical characteristics of invasive group b streptococcus isolates in western sydney 2000-2005. | to analyse antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of group b streptococcus (gbs) bloodstream isolates from different patient groups. | 2007 | 18027264 |
| effects of complement regulators bound to escherichia coli k1 and group b streptococcus on the interaction with host cells. | escherichia coli k1 and group b streptococcus (gbs) are the most common bacteria that cause meningitis during the neonatal period. complement, the first line of defence in the host, acts on these bacteria to opsonize with various components of complement for subsequent presentation to phagocytes. to counteract these opsonization effects, e. coli and gbs bind to the complement regulators c4 binding protein and factor h, respectively. nonetheless, the deposition of complement components on these t ... | 2008 | 18028369 |
| culture-based methods for detection and identification of streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women--what are we missing? | we aimed to compare bd group b streptococcus differential agar (gbsda) with inoculation into lim broth and subculture onto blood agar plates (lim-ba) as a method for gbs screening in pregnant women. first, we compared the detection threshold and the ease of use of gbsda with lim-ba by inoculating known numbers of gbs mixed with approximately 10(5) cfu of other bacteria. second, we tested the production of carotenoid pigment in 155 gbs blood culture isolates. finally, we compared gbsda, lim broth ... | 2008 | 18030504 |
| characterisation of invasive group b streptococci based on investigation of surface proteins and genes encoding surface proteins. | the joint distributions of the six genes bca, bac, epsilon/alp1, alp2, alp3 and rib (encoding alpha-c-protein, beta-c-protein, epsilon/alp1, alp2, alp3, and rib, respectively) and the proteins alpha-c-protein, beta-c-protein and rib were investigated in invasive isolates of group b streptococcus (gbs). in total, 297 invasive isolates (123 from neonates, 174 from adults) from south-west sweden were collected during a 13-year period. genes were detected using multiplex and specific pcrs, and expre ... | 2008 | 18034863 |
| the group b streptococcal alpha c protein binds alpha1beta1-integrin through a novel ktd motif that promotes internalization of gbs within human epithelial cells. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis among neonates and a cause of morbidity among pregnant women and immunocompromised adults. gbs epithelial cell invasion is associated with expression of alpha c protein (acp). loss of acp expression results in a decrease in gbs internalization and translocation across human cervical epithelial cells (me180). soluble acp and its 170 amino acid n-terminal region (ntacp), but not the repeat protein rr', b ... | 2007 | 18048918 |
| invasion of hela cells by group b streptococcus requires the phosphoinositide-3-kinase signalling pathway and modulates phosphorylation of host-cell akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3. | the group b streptococcus (gbs) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen with the ability to cause invasive disease. while the ability of gbs to invade a number of host-cell types has been clearly demonstrated, the invasion process is not well understood at the molecular level. what has been well established is that modulation of host-cell actin microfilaments is essential for gbs invasion to occur. phosphoinositide-3 kinase (pi3k) is a key regulator of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. our go ... | 2007 | 18048937 |
| the effect of intrapartum penicillin on vaginal group b streptococcus colony counts. | the objective of the study was to determine the temporal relationship between intrapartum penicillin-g (pcn-g) and vaginal group b streptococcus (gbs) counts. | 2007 | 18060942 |
| group b streptococcus: early- and late-onset infections. | group b streptococcus has emerged as a prominent neonatal pathogen in developed countries since the late 1960s. the incidence of disease remained fairly constant until the 1990 s, when prevention efforts increased. american consensus guidelines were endorsed in the mid 1990 s; since then a decrease in disease incidence has been reported in the united states. this review summarizes the main issues regarding the prevention of neonatal infection and presents aspects of group b streptococcal disease ... | 2007 | 18073175 |
| nonimmunodominant regions are effective as building blocks in a streptococcal fusion protein vaccine. | identification of antigens that elicit protective immunity is essential for effective vaccine development. we investigated the related surface proteins of group b streptococcus, rib and alpha, as potential vaccine candidates. paradoxically, nonimmunodominant regions proved to be of particular interest as vaccine components. mouse antibodies elicited by rib and alpha were directed almost exclusively against the c-terminal repeats and not against the n-terminal regions. however, a fusion protein d ... | 2007 | 18078694 |
| prenatal antibiotic treatment does not decrease group b streptococcus colonization at delivery. | to evaluate whether an outpatient antibiotic regimen decreased group b streptococcal (gbs) colonization to preclude the use of intrapartum antibiotics. | 2008 | 18082163 |
| group b streptococcal disease in portuguese infants younger than 90 days. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the most common isolate in mother-related infection in newborns. | 2008 | 18089629 |
| alpha c protein-specific immunity in humans with group b streptococcal colonization and invasive disease. | alpha c protein, found in 76% of non-type iii strains of group b streptococcus (gbs), elicits antibodies protective against alpha c-expressing strains in experimental animals, making it an appealing carrier for a gbs conjugate vaccine. we determined whether natural exposure to alpha c elicits antibodies in women. geometric mean concentrations of alpha c-specific igm and igg were similar by elisa in sera from 58 alpha c gbs strain colonized and 174 age-matched non-colonized women (igg 245 and 313 ... | 2008 | 18155812 |
| group b streptococcal carriage in sweden: a national study on risk factors for mother and infant colonisation. | to study group b streptococcus (gbs) colonisation in parturients and infants in relation to obstetric outcome and to define serotypes and antibiotic resistance in gbs isolates acquired. | 2008 | 18158627 |
| demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of maternity patients: a canadian clinical cohort study. | objective: to determine the demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of a representative canadian obstetrical population. design: a one-year cohort study of all maternity patients who were followed to delivery, using detailed patient questionnaires containing more than 60 demographic and clinical variables, and three microbiological evaluations during gestation - first trimester, 26 to 30 weeks, and labour and delivery. outcome measurements included birth weight and gestational ... | 2002 | 18159407 |
| screening for sexually transmitted infection pathogens in semen samples. | the transmission of sexually transmitted infection (sti) pathogens from an infected donor to the recipient of a semen donation in assisted conception may result not only in acute infection but also in long-term reproductive complications or adverse outcomes of pregnancy, including infection of the offspring. screening for bacterial sti pathogens, chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae is strongly recommended because these pathogens can cause serious reproductive complications in the rec ... | 2005 | 18159531 |
| genital tract methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: risk of vertical transmission in pregnant women. | to estimate the frequency of genital tract colonization by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) among pregnant women and evaluate the association of such colonization with infant outcome. | 2008 | 18165399 |
| discovery of a novel class of highly conserved vaccine antigens using genomic scale antigenic fingerprinting of pneumococcus with human antibodies. | pneumococcus is one of the most important human pathogens that causes life-threatening invasive diseases, especially at the extremities of age. capsular polysaccharides (cpss) are known to induce protective antibodies; however, it is not feasible to develop cps-based vaccines that cover all of the 90 disease-causing serotypes. we applied a genomic approach and described the antibody repertoire for pneumococcal proteins using display libraries expressing 15-150 amino acid fragments of the pathoge ... | 2008 | 18166586 |
| distribution of genotypes and antibiotic resistance genes among invasive streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus) isolates from australasian patients belonging to different age groups. | serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance (ar) among group b streptococci (gbs) affect gbs disease prevention strategies, but vary among patient groups. a multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot (mpcr/rlb) hybridisation assay was used to compare the distributions of gbs serotypes, serotype iii subtypes and ar-associated genes among 666 invasive isolates from 663 patients, divided into five age groups: infants, early-onset (eo; 0-6 days) and late-onset (lo; 7-90 days); children (aged 3 months ... | 2008 | 18190584 |
| invasive group b streptococcal disease in non-pregnant adults : a review with emphasis on skin and soft-tissue infections. | streptococcus agalactiae, commonly referred as group b streptococcus (gbs), is a major cause of neonatal sepsis and infections in pregnant women. however, the number of invasive infections in non-pregnant adults is growing. elderly patients and those with chronic underlying conditions, such as diabetes mellitus or compromised immune defence, are at increased risk of invasion. the spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad and includes necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome. although, p ... | 2008 | 18193384 |
| lactococcus lactis produces short-chain quinones that cross-feed group b streptococcus to activate respiration growth. | quinones are essential components of the respiration chain that shuttle electrons between oxidoreductases. we characterized the quinones synthesized by lactococcus lactis, a fermenting bacterium that activates aerobic respiration when a haem source is provided. two distinct subgroups were characterized: menaquinones (mk) mk-8 to mk-10, considered as hallmarks of l. lactis, are produced throughout growth. mk-3 and demethylmk-3 [(d)mk-3] are newly identified and are present only late in growth. pr ... | 2008 | 18194159 |
| a group b streptococcal pilus protein promotes phagocyte resistance and systemic virulence. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major cause of invasive bacterial infections in newborns and certain adult populations. surface filamentous appendages known as pili have been recently identified in gbs. however, little is known about the role of these structures in disease pathogenesis. in this study we sought to probe potential functional role(s) of pilb, the major gbs pilus protein subunit, by coupling analysis of an isogenic gbs pilb knockout strain with heterologous expression of the pilb g ... | 2008 | 18198218 |
| [an elderly case with group b streptococcal bacteremia, subcutaneous abscess and reactive polyarthritis]. | we report a 77-year-old woman with group b streptococcal bacteremia, subcutaneous abscess and reactive polyarthritis. two years previously she suffered from atrial fibrillation and osteoarthritis of the knee. after she was admitted for treatment of the knee joint with hyaluronate sodium, she complained of pain in the left shoulder and both knees. pyogenic arthritis was suspected and administration of cefazolin was started immediately after blood culture. one set of blood cultures showed group b ... | 2007 | 18198461 |
| group b streptococcus and pregnancy: a review. | in the 1960s, early onset neonatal sepsis caused by group b streptococcus (gbs) had an attack rate of 2 per 1000 live births and a 50% fatality rate. early treatment and then antibiotic prophylaxis were shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates; however, gbs remains a leading cause of perinatal infection. this article will review our investigations and related studies, including our studies in monkeys, that have contributed to current diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease caused by ... | 2008 | 18201679 |
| variation in the group b streptococcus csrrs regulon and effects on pathogenicity. | csrrs (or covrs) is a two-component regulatory system that controls expression of multiple virulence factors in the important human pathogen group b streptococcus (gbs). we now report global gene expression studies in gbs strains 2603v/r and 515 and their isogenic csrr and csrs mutants. together with data reported previously for strain nem316, the results reveal a conserved 39-gene csrrs regulon. in vitro phosphorylation-dependent binding of recombinant csrr to promoter regions of both positivel ... | 2008 | 18203834 |
| is routine infectious and toxicologic screening in preterm labor effective in predicting preterm birth? | our objective was to evaluate whether a significant association exists between cocaine use, cervical, urine, and/or group b streptococcus (gbs) infections and preterm birth (ptb) in patients admitted with active preterm labor (ptl). | 2008 | 18221930 |
| [vertebral osteomyelitis due to streptococcus agalactiae st-17]. | streptococcus agalactiae has been traditionally considered as associated with neonates and pregnant women. invasive diseases due to streptococcus agalactiae are increasing in non-pregnant adults, especially with medical underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus or neoplasia. among these invasive manifestations, vertebral osteomyelitis remain exceptional. we report the case of a 49 year old man, without any risk factor, suffering from a vertebral osteomyelitis due to streptococcus agalactia ... | 2008 | 18227009 |
| killing of neisseria gonorrhoeae, streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus), haemophilus ducreyi, and vaginal lactobacillus by 3-o-octyl-sn-glycerol. | the microbicide candidate octylglycerol inactivates sexually transmitted bacterial pathogens at concentrations which spare normal vaginal flora (lactobacillus). standard minimum microbicidal concentration assays and time-kill assays revealed the drug concentrations and times required for inactivation. octylglycerol concentrations must exceed the binding capacity of any human serum albumin to be effective. | 2008 | 18227178 |
| antimicrobial policies in the neonatal units of the united kingdom and republic of ireland. | to review antibiotic and antifungal policies in british and irish neonatal units (nnus). | 2008 | 18238883 |
| [prevention of early-onset group b streptococcus neonatal diseases. the 2005 experience of the lille university health center]. | to study the efficiency of the official recommendations on the prevention of group b streptococcus and the impact of this strategy. | 2008 | 18243572 |
| integrin beta 1 regulates phagosome maturation in macrophages through rac expression. | phagocytosis and subsequent phagosome maturation by professional phagocytes are essential in the clearance of infectious microbial pathogens. the molecular regulation of phagosome maturation is largely unknown. we show that integrin beta(1) plays critical roles in the phagocytosis of microbial pathogens and phagosome maturation. macrophages lacking integrin beta(1) expression exhibit reduced phagocytosis of bacteria, including group b streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus. furthermore, phagoso ... | 2008 | 18250451 |
| streptococcus agalactiae (group b streptococcus (gbs)) colonisation and persistence, in pregnancy; a comparison of two diverse communities (rural and urban). | to establish the extent of gbs colonisation, persistence of colonisation in pregnancy and influence of obstetric history in two diverse communities (rural and urban) in zimbabwe. | 2006 | 18254462 |
| self-collected versus health professional-collected genital swabs to identify the prevalence of group b streptococcus: a comparison of patient preference and efficacy. | this study aims to determine the prevalence of genital tract group b streptococcus (gbs) colonization in a cohort of pregnant irish women and to compare patient preference and efficacy of self-collected versus health professional-collected swabs. | 2008 | 18255214 |
| group b streptococcal late-onset sepsis with submandibular phlegmon in a premature infant after beginning of breast-feeding. | the case of a premature intra-uterine growth retardation (iugr) infant, born from caesarean section to a mother with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (hellp) syndrome, and admitted to nicu for low birth weight is reported. the baby girl was fed with pasteurized maternal milk, and she had a normal growth. before discharge, at the age of 23 days of life, she started to be breast-fed from the mother. suddenly, the infant presented inconsolable crying, and then she appeared pale, hyp ... | 2008 | 18297577 |
| prevalence of maternal group b streptococcal colonisation in european countries. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis in many industrialised countries. however, the burden of perinatal gbs disease varies between these countries. we undertook a systematic review to determine the prevalence of maternal group b streptococcal colonisation, one of the most important risk factor for early onset neonatal infection, and to examine the serotype distribution of the gbs strains isolated and their susceptibility to antibiotics in european countries. | 2008 | 18307064 |
| risk factors for recurrence of group b streptococcus colonization in a subsequent pregnancy. | to document rates of recurrent group b streptococci (gbs) colonization in women with previous gbs colonization in an initial pregnancy and to assess maternal risk factors associated with recurrence. | 2008 | 18310374 |
| subdural empyema in children--20-year experience in a medical center. | subdural empyema (sde) is a serious neurological condition in children and adults. although otorhinolaryngeal infections are regarded as the most important predisposing factors in the literature, this has not been our experience. this study reviewed clinical data on pediatric patients with sde at our institution over the last 20 years. | 2008 | 18327428 |
| evaluation of liquid biphasic granada medium and instant liquid biphasic granada medium for group b streptococcus detection. | group b streptococci (gbs) are transmitted from the mother to the newborn. prevention of neonatal infection is achieved by intrapartum prophylaxis given to mothers colonized with gbs at 35 to 37 weeks of pregnancy. | 2008 | 18341916 |
| [late onset group b streptococcus infection: 7 year experience in a tertiary hospital (2000-2006)]. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a major cause of neonatal infection. two forms of the disease have been described according to the age of presentation: early, beginning in the first 6 days of life, and late, occurring from day 7 up to 3 months of age. | 2008 | 18358134 |
| placental cultures in the era of peripartum antibiotic use. | histological examination of the placenta can provide valuable information that aids diagnosis and management for both the mother and the fetus. positive placental cultures may also provide the clinician with valuable information on which to base therapy. | 2008 | 18366492 |
| [maternal chemoprophylaxis against group b streptococcus colonization. the consequences of not adopting the international recommendation]. | to know the criteria which determine the chemoprophylaxis on pregnant women colonized by streptococcus agalactiae (gbs) and the impact in our environment. | 2008 | 18372996 |
| rational chemical design of the carbohydrate in a glycoconjugate vaccine enhances igm-to-igg switching. | many pathogens are sheltered from host immunity by surface polysaccharides that would be ideal as vaccines except that they are too similar to host antigens to be immunogenic. the production of functional igg is a desirable response to vaccines; because igg is the only isotype that crosses the placenta, it is of particular importance in maternal vaccines against neonatal disease due to group b streptococcus (gbs). clinical studies found a substantially lower proportion of igg-relative to igm-amo ... | 2008 | 18378894 |
| prenatal screening for hiv in nova scotia: survey of postpartum women and audit of current prenatal screening practices. | current guidelines for screening for hiv infections in nova scotia recommend an opt-in approach in which patients are counselled and consent to testing. the objectives of the present study were to measure adherence to these recommendations, to explore women's knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours concerning hiv screening, and to compare these results with prenatal screening practices for rubella, hepatitis b and group b streptococcus. | 2006 | 18382632 |
| perinatal infections and fetal/neonatal brain injury. | fetal and newborn brain injury causes lifelong morbidity for the survivors, with high emotional costs to the individual and the family plus a heavy economic burden for society. this is timely and relevant. techniques are now available to prevent, detect, and treat those central nervous injuries that result from infection. if instituted, these would have beneficial results for both newborn survival and morbidity. | 2008 | 18388810 |
| [early onset neonatal infections in the south of the reunion island: incidence and use of 2002 anaes risk criteria]. | the aim of this study was to describe the incidence of early onset neonatal infections (eoni) in the southern part of the reunion island, and to study the application of anaes criteria. | 2008 | 18395382 |
| low carriage rate of group b streptococcus in pregnant women in maputo, mozambique. | the prevalence of group b streptococcus (gbs) carriage varies strongly with geographical region. a study was done to determine the prevalence of gbs in women in maputo, mozambique. the method used was a rectovaginal swab which was taken from women between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy who visited the clinic for antenatal consultation. gbs was cultured from 2 out of 113 samples, yielding a prevalence of 1.8% (95% cl: 0.0-4.0). in conclusion, the prevalence of gbs carriage among pregnant women in m ... | 2008 | 18397403 |
| functional activity of antisera to group b streptococcal conjugate vaccines measured with an opsonophagocytosis assay and hl-60 effector cells. | conjugate vaccines against group b streptococcus (gbs), which is a leading cause of bacterial disease among newborns and the elderly with underlying illnesses, have progressed from animal studies to phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in healthy adults. due to the wide-spread use of antibiotics to treat at-risk deliveries, a phase 3 efficacy trial of a gbs vaccine to prevent neonatal disease in the united states is unlikely. a viable approach to assess a vaccine's efficacy is to use a surrogate of pro ... | 2008 | 18398304 |
| lipoproteins are critical tlr2 activating toxins in group b streptococcal sepsis. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is the most important cause of neonatal sepsis, which is mediated in part by tlr2. however, gbs components that potently induce cytokines via tlr2 are largely unknown. we found that gbs strains of the same serotype differ in released factors that activate tlr2. several lines of genetic and biochemical evidence indicated that lipoteichoic acid (lta), the most widely studied tlr2 agonist in gram-positive bacteria, was not essential for tlr2 activation. we thus examined ... | 2008 | 18424736 |
| group b streptococcus and preventive strategies in europe. | 2008 | 18426928 | |
| comparison of bd geneohm real-time polymerase chain reaction with chromogenic and conventional culture methods for detection of group b streptococcus in clinical samples. | a total of 200 antenatal high vaginal swabs were screened for the presence of group b streptococcus (gbs) using a conventional culture method (recommended by centers for disease control and prevention). screening was also performed by using a new chromogenic agar, chromid strepto b, and by using the bd geneohm strepb real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr), which was performed directly on swabs without enrichment. using a combination of all methods, we detected gbs in 101 samples. a total of 8 ... | 2008 | 18440176 |
| neither antibody to a group b streptococcal conjugate vaccine nor the vaccine itself is teratogenic in rabbits. | group b streptococcus (gbs) is a leading cause of human neonatal bacterial disease, resulting in pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis and sometimes, death. supportive preclinical studies of gbs capsular polysaccharide (cps)-protein conjugate vaccines have led to several phase 1 and phase 2 trials in healthy, non-pregnant adults, which demonstrated that the vaccines, produced at the channing laboratory, were safe and immunogenic. however, evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of a gbs conjugate va ... | 2008 | 18443428 |
| [early-onset neonatal bacterial infections: a retrospective series of 144 cases]. | early-onset neonatal bacterial infections continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborn. the aim of this study was to determine the incidene, the risk factors and bacterial epidemiology of these infections. | 2008 | 18444529 |
| comparative evaluation of strepto b id chromogenic medium and granada media for the detection of group b streptococcus from vaginal samples of pregnant women. | two types of selective media, the chromogenic medium strepto b id and two non-chromogenic media strepto b agar and the granada medium, were tested and compared to blood agar plates (bap) for screening of group b streptococcus vaginal colonization in pregnant women. all tested media were comparable in terms of sensitivity however, their use in routine laboratories may markedly facilitate the rapid detection of gbs in vaginal samples. | 2008 | 18448181 |
| bioinformatic insights into the biosynthesis of the group b carbohydrate in streptococcus agalactiae. | streptococcus agalactiae is a major human and animal pathogen, most notable as a cause of life-threatening disease in neonates. s. agalactiae is also called the group b streptococcus in reference to the diagnostically significant lancefield group b typing antigen. although the structure of this complex carbohydrate antigen has been solved, little is known of its biosynthesis beyond the identification of a relevant locus in sequenced s. agalactiae genomes. analysis of the sugar linkages present i ... | 2008 | 18451044 |
| epidemiology of invasive group b streptococcal disease in the united states, 1999-2005. | group b streptococcus is a leading infectious cause of morbidity in newborns and causes substantial disease in elderly individuals. guidelines for prevention of perinatal disease through intrapartum chemoprophylaxis were revised in 2002. candidate vaccines are under development. | 2008 | 18460666 |
| genotypic diversity and serotype distribution of group b streptococcus isolated from women before and after delivery. | most studies of the dynamics of maternal group b streptococcus (gbs) colonization have relied on capsular serotyping to define gbs acquisition or loss. newer molecular methods that distinguish gbs clones may expand our knowledge and influence vaccination strategies. we used multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and gbs capsular gene cluster (cps) genotyping to investigate the dynamics of perinatal gbs colonization. | 2008 | 18462173 |
| recombinant group b streptococcus alpha-like protein 3 is an effective immunogen and carrier protein. | conjugate vaccines against pathogens of multiple serotypes are optimized when all components induce functional antibody, resulting in broadened coverage. while most clinical studies of vaccines against group b streptococcus (gbs) have evaluated conjugates composed of capsular polysaccharide (cps) coupled to tetanus toxoid, conjugates prepared with gbs proteins as carriers have also been efficacious in animals. here, we report that recombinant gbs alpha-like protein 3 (ralp3) is both a strong imm ... | 2008 | 18463225 |
| recurrent vulvar lymphangitis cured with vulvectomy in a cervical carcinoma patient: a case report. | recurrent vulvar lymphangitis secondary to pelvic lymphadenectomy and radiation therapy can be a vexing clinical dilemma. | 2008 | 18472655 |