Publications

west nile virus in the united states (1999-2005).	the accidental introduction of west nile virus into new york city from the old world in 1999 resulted in an epidemic in humans, horses, and birds that swept to the west coast in just 3 years. the virus is transmitted by infective mosquitoes among susceptible native birds, which serve as amplifying hosts. clinical disease occurs in humans and horses, but not enough virus is produced in their blood to infect other mosquitoes; therefore, humans and horses are considered dead-end hosts. humans can b ...	2006	16611928
molecular analysis of microbial communities identified in different developmental stages of ixodes scapularis ticks from westchester and dutchess counties, new york.	ixodes scapularis ticks play an important role in the transmission of a wide variety of pathogens between various mammalian species, including humans. pathogens transmitted by ticks include borrelia, anaplasma and babesia. although ticks may harbour both pathogenic and non-pathogenic microflora, little is known about how the diversity of the microflora within ticks may influence the transmission of pathogens. to begin addressing this question, we examined the composition of bacterial communities ...	2006	16623735
fungal keratitis at the new york eye and ear infirmary.	this study was designed to review the clinical experience at our institution with fungal keratitis during a 16-year period.	2006	16633023
analysis of environmental effects of the use of stabilized dredged material from new york/new jersey harbor, usa, for construction of roadway embankments.	since the 1997 local ban on ocean dumping of dredged sediments, the state of new jersey has pursued a policy of environmentally sound solutions to the controversial problem of dredged material management, including beneficial use of dredged material stabilized with pozzolanic additives (sdm). a pilot study was initiated in 1998 to evaluate the use of sdm in the construction of highway embankments. using 80,000 cubic yards of silty dredged material, 2 embankments were constructed from sdm on a co ...	2005	16639902
prevalence and genotypes of giardia duodenalis in 1-2 year old dairy cattle.	to determine the prevalence of giardia genotypes in 12-24 month old dairy heifers, fecal specimens were collected from two farms each in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida. specimens, cleaned of fecal debris and concentrated using cscl density gradient centrifugation, were subjected to pcr and dna sequence analysis. prevalence of giardia infection, ranged from 11% to 75% on 14 farms with an average prevalence of 36% (204 positive cattle out of 571 ex ...	2006	16647818
frank h. netter, m.d. (1906-1991): the artist and his legacy.	the renowned medical illustrator frank h. netter, m.d., was born on 25 april 1906 in brooklyn, ny, and died on 17 september 1991 in new york, ny, at the age of 85. in his professional career, dr. netter painted over 4,000 medical illustrations, many of which became the center pieces of over 250 issues of clinical symposia and were compiled in the 13 volume set of the ciba collection of medical illustrations. two years prior to his death, the atlas of human anatomy was published, considered by ma ...	2006	16683243
determinants of influenza vaccination in hard-to-reach urban populations.	influenza vaccination rates among disadvantaged minority and hard-to-reach populations are lower than in other groups. we assessed the barriers to influenza vaccination in disadvantaged urban areas.	2006	16684559
health insurance coverage of direct support workers in the developmental disabilities field.	there is mounting evidence that employer-provided health insurance is an important factor in recruiting and retaining a competent and motivated direct support workforce within health and human services occupations. a review of the literature in this area, including new information related to the developmental disabilities field, is presented to assist nonprofit employers and government officials in designing initiatives to address increasing health care costs. approaches to financing health cove ...	2006	16689613
canine visceral leishmaniasis, united states and canada, 2000-2003.	visceral leishmaniasis, caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania donovani complex, is a vectorborne zoonotic infection that infects humans, dogs, and other mammals. in 2000, this infection was implicated as causing high rates of illness and death among foxhounds in a kennel in new york. a serosurvey of >12,000 foxhounds and other canids and 185 persons in 35 states and 4 canadian provinces was performed to determine geographic extent, prevalence, host range, and modes of transmission within fo ...	2006	16704782
trends in drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis in new york city, 1991-2003.	two drug-resistance surveys showed a very high prevalence of drug resistance among isolates obtained from patients with tuberculosis in 1991 and 1994 in new york, new york.	2006	16705575
going the extra mile for patients with special needs.		2006	16711583
rail commuting duration and passenger stress.	over 100 million americans commute to work every weekday. little is known, however, about how this aspect of work, which may indeed be the most stressful aspect of the job for some, affects human health and well-being. the authors studied a sample of 208 male and female suburban rail commuters who took the train to manhattan, new york. the greater the duration of the commute, the larger the magnitude of salivary cortisol elevations in reference to resting baseline levels, the less the commuter's ...	2006	16719613
lymphogranuloma venereum in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in new york city.	lymphogranuloma venereum (lgv), or chlamydial proctitis, is a classic sexually transmitted disease with prominent gastrointestinal manifestations. the disease has received little attention in recent years, especially in relation to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, outbreaks of lgv have been reported in several large cities in europe and the united states over the past few years, occurring in both hiv-infected and -uninfected individuals, and the reports have been largely li ...	2006	16721218
pandemic influenza planning in new york city.		2006	16739036
survey on use of and attitudes toward influenza vaccination among emergency department staff in a new york metropolitan hospital.	recognizing that the potential transmission of influenza virus would be concentrated at a hospital's primary point of entry, we determined rates of staff compliance with the influenza vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) in the emergency department (ed). we describe the basic knowledge concerning influenza transmission and factors influencing vaccination decisions among ed staff.	2006	16755483
denial of ssi benefits overturned for hiv-positive man.		2006	16789286
bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of methylmercury in long island sound.	humans are exposed to methylmercury (mehg) principally by consumption of marine fish. the coastal zone supports the majority of marine fish production, and may therefore be an important source of mehg to humans; however, little is known about the bioaccumulation of mehg in near-shore marine ecosystems. we examined mehg in microseston, zooplankton, a decapod crustacean, and four representative species of finfish that differ in trophic status and/or prey selection in long island sound (lis), a lar ...	2006	16823518
irene e. loewenfeld, phd physiologist of the pupil.	irene e. loewenfeld, phd has devoted a long and vigorous professional life to understanding the workings of the pupil of the human eye. her interest in the pupil began in 1940 when she went to work as a technician in the pupillography laboratory of professor otto lowenstein at new york university. it culminated in her widely admired textbook the pupil, published in 1993. among her many contributions, loewenfeld provided rigorous observations about adie tonic pupil, anisocoria in optic tract lesi ...	2006	16845317
prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes and related abnormalities of cervical cytological results among hiv-1-infected women in rochester, new york.	women with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection have higher rates of concurrent human papillomavirus (hpv) infection and cervical dysplasia than do hiv-uninfected women. they are also more commonly infected with multiple hpv types simultaneously. to determine the prevalence of different hpv genotypes in a group of hiv-infected women and to correlate these findings with cervical cytological results, we studied a group of 229 women attending a university-based hiv clinic during a 7-year pe ...	2006	16845625
improving the human readability of arden syntax medical logic modules using a concept-oriented terminology and object-oriented programming expressions.	medical logic modules are a procedural representation for sharing task-specific knowledge for decision support systems. based on the premise that clinicians may perceive object-oriented expressions as easier to read than procedural rules in arden syntax-based medical logic modules, we developed a method for improving the readability of medical logic modules. two approaches were applied: exploiting the concept-oriented features of the medical entities dictionary and building an executable java pr ...	2006	16849918
molecular epidemiology and cluster analysis of human listeriosis cases in three u.s. states.	to better understand the transmission and epidemiology of human listeriosis, 647 listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from human listeriosis cases in four u.s. locations (michigan, ohio, new york state, and new york city) over 61 months (1998 to 2003) were characterized by automated ecori ribotyping. a total of 65 ribotypes were differentiated among the characterized isolates; 393, 227, and 24 isolates were classified into lineages i, ii, and iii, respectively, and 3 isolates were not classi ...	2006	16865904
exposure. hiv-positive man to stand trial for internet enticement.		2006	16869029
investigation of a new diagnosis of multidrug-resistant, dual-tropic hiv-1 infection--new york city, 2005.	in december 2004, infection with a strain of multidrug-resistant (mdr), dual-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1 was newly diagnosed in a man aged 46 years in new york city (nyc). the man (i.e., the index patient) had no history of antiretroviral treatment and reported having sex with multiple named and anonymous male partners, using crystal methamphetamine, and engaging in unprotected insertive and receptive anal intercourse. he had rapid progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrom ...	2006	16874293
integrating disaster preparedness into a community health nursing course: one school's experience.	it is not practical to wait for a disaster, whether natural or human-made, to learn how to respond and provide specialized care. the long island university school of nursing in brooklyn, new york, has developed a specific educational experience for undergraduate nursing students enrolled in community health. the course is offered in the senior semester and includes didactic material based on the international nursing coalition for mass casualty education-recommended competencies. students are gi ...	2006	16904616
circulating enterolactone and risk of endometrial cancer.	it has been suggested that phytoestrogens protect against hormone-dependent cancers. lignans are the main class of phytoestrogens in western diets. we conducted a prospective study of endometrial cancer and circulating levels of the main human lignan, enterolactone. the design was a case-control study nested within 3 prospective cohort studies, in new york, sweden and italy. serum or plasma samples had been collected at enrollment and stored at -80 degrees c. a total of 153 cases, diagnosed a me ...	2006	16929490
exogenous shocks to the human sex ratio: the case of september 11, 2001 in new york city.	the human secondary sex ratio reportedly falls in populations subjected to exogenous stressors such as earthquakes or political and social upheavals. explanations of the association include reduced conception of males and increased fetal deaths among males. the latter explanation has been supported by research reporting that the sex ratio in california fell 3 months, but not 8, 9 or 10 months, after the terrorist attacks of september 11, 2001. california's distance from the attacks raises the qu ...	2006	16936298
monitoring county-level vaccination coverage during the 2004-2005 influenza season.	during the 2004-2005 influenza season, the united states faced a sudden shortage of influenza vaccine. in response, the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) and the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) recommended prioritizing vaccination for persons aged 65 and older and others at high risk. to monitor subsequent vaccination coverage, several questions about influenza vaccination were added to the ongoing behavioral risk factor surveillance system (brfss). this study ...	2006	16979450
from rats to monkeys to man-the neurophysiology of alcoholism: a tribute to henri begleiter.		2006	17010129
west nile virus surveillance in mosquitoes in new york state, 2000-2004.	a west nile virus (wnv) surveillance system was created and implemented in new york state (nys) in 2000 and described previously (white et al. 2001). we examine and evaluate the results of mosquito and virus surveillance for 2000 through 2004 exclusive of new york city. forty-nine counties submitted 1,095,426 mosquitoes in 35,280 pools for wnv assay. specimens of 47 species were tested, with culex species accounting for 47.6% of all pools tested. wnv was detected in 814 pools from 10 species, wi ...	2006	17019772
monitoring progress toward achieving maternal and infant healthy people 2010 objectives--19 states, pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system (prams), 2000-2003.	certain modifiable maternal behaviors and experiences before, during, and after pregnancy are associated with adverse health outcomes for the mother and her infant (e.g., physical abuse, insufficient folic acid consumption, smoking during pregnancy, and improper infant sleep position). information about these behaviors and experiences is needed to monitor trends in maternal and infant health, enhance understanding of the relation between maternal behaviors and infant health outcomes, plan and ev ...	2006	17021594
efficacy of a group medication adherence intervention among hiv positive women: the smart/est women's project.	this intervention sought to improve overall quality of life and health behavior in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). we contrasted the effect of a group cognitive behavioral stress management expressive supportive therapy (cbsm+) intervention plus a healthier lifestyles (hl) component with an individual educational/informational format plus hl on hiv-medication adherence. women, n = 237, predominantly african-american and latina, living with hiv were recruited from miami, new ...	2007	17028992
benjamin franklin and the dentist: the story of r. c. skinner.	among benjamin franklin's papers was a letter from a young british immigrant, r. c. skinner, asking for a loan of only twenty dollars to help this young man begin the practice of dentistry in this country. although we don't know what the great man's response was to this appeal, skinner went on to achieve fame in his profession. he was the first dentist ever, in this country, to be appointed to a hospital staff; he established the first free dental clinic for the poor; and he authored the first b ...	2006	17039862
vicarious perception of postural discomfort and exertion.	perceived exertion and discomfort have been used extensively in ergonomics practice. job incumbents typically rate their exertion on scales such as borg's rated perceived effort (rpe) and their discomfort on scales such as corlett and bishop's body part discomfort scales (bpd). this study asks whether exertion and discomfort can be perceived by an external observer, i.e. is vicarious perception possible? four participants (targets) performed 20 postural holding tasks selected from ovako working ...	2006	17050388
in re michael ww.	court decision: 611 new york supplement, 2d series 47: 1994 apr 21 (date of decision). the supreme court of new york, appellate division, denied a motion by the broome county department of social services to compel a man ("roy xx") accused of sexually abusing a child to submit a blood sample for hiv testing. the court reasoned that the test could not be required because a positive result would fail to prove definitively that the man had committed the alleged abuse. testing the child instead woul ...	1994	17078149
in re application of gribetz.	court decision: 605 new york supplement, 2d series 834: 1994 jan 31 (date of decision). new york's rockland county court held that there was a "compelling need" to disclose the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) status of a woman who bit her mental health worker in order to determine her state of mind for criminal proceedings. the woman was charged with reckless endangerment and attempted assault, and the state needed her test results to prove that she had acted with depraved indifference to hum ...	1994	17078150
skull wars: kennewick man, archaeology, and the battle for native american identity. [review of: thomas, d. h. skull wars: kennewick man, archaeology, and the battle for native american identity. new york: basic, 2000].		2001	17078190
health insurance association of america v. corcoran.	court decision: 531 new york supplement 456; 1988 jun 16 (date of decision). the supreme court of new york held that a regulation that prohibited requiring or considering body fluid tests for evidence of the human immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv) in the application for health insurance or the risk management determinations of insurability is not authorized by a consumer protection statute or by a statute that permits the superintendent of insurance to prevent unfair discrimination between individ ...	1988	17083194
report of four donor-recipient oocyte cryopreservation cycles resulting in high pregnancy and implantation rates.	to determine the clinical potential of donor-oocyte cryopreservation and thaw techniques for recipient patients.	2007	17094985
international studies of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and fetal growth.	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are ubiquitously distributed human mutagens and carcinogens. however, lack of adequate air monitoring data has limited understanding of the effects of airborne pahs on fetal growth. to address this gap in knowledge, we examined the association between prenatal exposure to airborne pahs and birth weight, birth length, and birth head circumference, respectively, in krakow, poland, and new york city (nyc).	2006	17107862
isolation of cryptococcus laurentii from canada goose guano in rural upstate new york.	cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcus gattii are etiologic agents of cryptococcal pneumonia and meningitis, potentially lethal syndromes associated with aids. a related species, cryptococcus laurentii, has recently been implicated in several cases of human disease. guano from canada goose (branta canadensis), an organism that lives closely beside man and inhabits recreational space in rural and suburban areas, might be a significant environmental reservoir of cryptococcus organisms in non-urb ...	2006	17123035
substance use and psychosocial outcomes following participation in residential laboratory studies of marijuana, methamphetamine and zolpidem.	non-therapeutic research with drugs of abuse in humans is important for a more comprehensive understanding of substance abuse and for the development of more effective treatments. however, the administration of substances from drug classes with abuse potential to human volunteers raises ethical questions regarding potential risk to study volunteers.	2006	17127547
stochastic processes are key determinants of short-term evolution in influenza a virus.	understanding the evolutionary dynamics of influenza a virus is central to its surveillance and control. while immune-driven antigenic drift is a key determinant of viral evolution across epidemic seasons, the evolutionary processes shaping influenza virus diversity within seasons are less clear. here we show with a phylogenetic analysis of 413 complete genomes of human h3n2 influenza a viruses collected between 1997 and 2005 from new york state, united states, that genetic diversity is both abu ...	2006	17140286
dietary flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk among women on long island.	flavonoids are found in a variety of foods and have anticarcinogenic properties in experimental models. few epidemiologic studies have examined whether flavonoid intake is associated with breast cancer in humans. in this study, the authors investigated whether dietary flavonoid intake was associated with reduced risk of breast cancer in a population-based sample of us women. they conducted a case-control study among women who resided in nassau and suffolk counties on long island, new york. cases ...	2007	17158855
discrimination. fees upheld for hiv-positive man fired due to his disabilities.		2006	17165192
atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high grade intraepithelial lesion (asc-h): does hpv matter?	the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) in cases diagnosed as atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high squamous grade intraepithelial lesion (asc-h) in cervical specimens is not well established. the objective of this study is to evaluate the role of hpv status in cases of asc-h in a major cancer center. one hundred thirty-two patients with a diagnosis of asc-h were identified over a 4-yr period in our institution. forty-four of 132 cases were evaluated for high-risk hpv and had biopsy follow ...	2007	17173297
the human sex ratio in new york city did not change after 11 september 2001.		2007	17204530
prenatal pesticide and pcb exposures and birth outcomes.	evidence is inconsistent or poorly understood for links between polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), 1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (dde), and organophosphate (op) pesticides and adverse pregnancy outcomes, although they are known developmental toxicants. we measured biomarkers of maternal exposure to dde, pcb, and op metabolites in the third trimester of pregnancy among 404 mothers in a multiethnic cohort in new york city. we also determined maternal paraoxonase (pon1), butyrylchol ...	2007	17237730
genetic analysis of three us population groups using an x-chromosomal str decaplex.	an x-chromosomal multiplex amplifying ten short tandem repeats (strs) in one single pcr reaction was developed and optimized in this work. the x-strs included were dxs8378, dxs9898, dxs8377, hprtb, gata172d05, dxs7423, dxs6809, dxs7132, dxs101, and dxs6789. decaplex performance was tested on 377 male samples from three united states population groups, namely, 130 african americans, 104 asians, and 143 hispanics. dxs8377 was the most polymorphic locus across all three populations, whereas dxs7423 ...	2007	17237948
medication abortion employing routine sequential measurements of serum hcg and sonography only when indicated.	this study was designed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of providing medication abortion in a primary care site without routine use of pre- and postprocedure transvaginal sonography.	2007	17241843
recovery of a us endangered fish.	more fish have been afforded us endangered species act protection than any other vertebrate taxonomic group, and none has been designated as recovered. shortnose sturgeon (acipenser brevirostrum) occupy large rivers and estuaries along the atlantic coast of north america, and the species has been protected by the us endangered species act since its enactment.	2007	17245444
evaluating asylum seekers/torture survivors in urban primary care: a collaborative approach at the bronx human rights clinic.	primary care providers who evaluate torture survivors often lack formal training to identify and address their specific needs. we assessed 89 asylum seekers from 30 countries to evaluate the pattern, spectrum, and presentation of abuses and the outcomes of the medico-legal process of seeking asylum. commonly reported reasons for abuse were political opinion/activity (59%), ethnicity (42%), and religion (32%). the most common means of abuse were punching/kicking (79%), sharp objects (28%), genita ...	2006	17265759
hiv/aids diagnoses among blacks--florida, 1999-2004.	in 2004, florida accounted for 11% of the total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cases in the united states, ranking third behind new york and california. florida also had the second-highest reported aids diagnosis rate (behind new york). during 2004, non-hispanic blacks accounted for 14% of the florida population but 52% of the 77,421 persons in florida living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/aids. this report describes trends in diagnoses of hiv/aids cases that occurr ...	2007	17268403
prevalence of cryptosporidium species and genotypes in mature dairy cattle on farms in eastern united states compared with younger cattle from the same locations.	feces collected from 541 milking cows on two dairy farms each in vermont, new york, pennsylvania, maryland, virginia, north carolina, and florida were examined for the presence of cryptosporidium oocysts. oocysts were concentrated from 15 g of feces from each cow and dna was extracted. a two-step nested pcr protocol was used to amplify an 830 base pair fragment of the ssurrna gene. pcr-positive products were purified and sequenced. pcr-positive findings were obtained from cows in all seven state ...	2007	17287086
vascular targeted therapy with anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody j591 in advanced solid tumors.	based on prostate-specific membrane antigen (psma) expression on the vasculature of solid tumors, we performed a phase i trial of antibody j591, targeting the extracellular domain of psma, in patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies. this was a proof-of-principle evaluation of psma as a potential neovascular target. the primary end points were targeting,toxicity, maximum-tolerated dose, pharmacokinetics (pk), and human antihuman antibody (haha) response.	2007	17290063
estimation of hiv prevalence, risk factors, and testing frequency among sexually active men who have sex with men, aged 18-64 years--new york city, 2002.	population-based estimates of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) prevalence and risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (msm) are valuable for hiv prevention planning but not widely available, especially at the local level. we combined two population-based data sources to estimate prevalence of diagnosed hiv infection, hiv-associated risk-behaviors, and hiv testing patterns among sexually active msm in new york city (nyc). hiv/aids surveillance data were used to determine the number of li ...	2007	17295058
shine a little light--a concert for peace.		2007	17313595
william stewart halsted: his life and contributions to surgery.	william stewart halsted was a pioneer of surgery in the usa and made many wide-ranging contributions, including the surgical treatment of breast cancer. he changed the training of surgeons from a disorganised apprenticeship to the residency training programmes used today. halsted's research developed a better understanding of surgically amenable disease and a multitude of new techniques and operations. over a 40-year career, beginning in new york and continuing at johns hopkins university hospit ...	2007	17329196
impact of two different models on influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in hospitalized patients.	the centers for disease control (cdc) recommends trivalent influenza (tiv) and pneumococcal (ppv) vaccination for eligible hospitalized patients. we conducted a retrospective study comparing two different methods of assessment and its impact on tiv and ppv vaccination in hospitalized patients.	2007	17330682
pulmonary complications of interpandemic influenza a in hospitalized adults.	to define the pulmonary complications of influenza during the current interpandemic period, we reviewed clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data from 193 adults (> or =18 years old) (1999-2003) who were hospitalized with influenza a during 4 winters.	2007	17330794
is clinical recognition of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized elderly and high-risk adults possible?	the clinical and radiographic features of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in elderly hospitalized persons have not been described in detail, to our knowledge, despite its relative frequent occurrence.	2007	17330796
sexual and other noninjection risks for hbv and hcv seroconversions among noninjecting heroin users.	many heroin users do not inject drugs but may still be at risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv), via sexual or other noninjection-related activity.	2007	17330797
influenza vaccine coverage and missed opportunities among inner-city children aged 6 to 23 months: 2000-2005.	in 2002, the advisory committee on immunization practices recommended universal influenza vaccination of 6- to 23-month-olds. little is known about coverage and missed opportunities for influenza vaccination at inner-city practices. the objective of this study was to assess the 2000-2001 to 2004-2005 coverage and the prevalence of missed opportunities for influenza vaccination among inner-city children.	2007	17332178
arginine 16 glycine beta2-adrenoceptor polymorphism and cardiovascular structure and function in patients with heart failure.	the beta2/beta1 adrenoceptor ratio increases in congestive heart failure (chf), making the heart relatively more dependent on inotropic, lusitropic, and chronotropic stimulation by the beta2-adrenergic receptor (adrb2). in healthy human beings, those who are homozygous for arginine (arg) at amino acid 16 of the adrb2 have reduced receptor function when compared with individuals homozygous for glycine (gly) at this position. the cardiovascular effects of the arg16gly polymorphism of the adrb2 in ...	2007	17336757
developing strategies to integrate peer providers into the staff of mental health agencies.	this study informs new strategies that promote integration of peer providers into the staff of social service agencies. executive directors, human resource managers, supervisors and co-workers at 27 agencies in new york city were interviewed in-depth. focus groups with peers were conducted. consistent with previous research, respondents identified attitudes toward recovery, role conflict and confusion, lack of policies and practices around confidentiality, poorly defined job structure and lack o ...	2007	17340184
heterogeneity in hip fracture patients: age, functional status, and comorbidity.	to examine unidentified heterogeneity in hip fracture patients that may predict variation in functional outcomes.	2007	17341244
a novel index of elevated risk of inpatient hospital admission immediately following outpatient surgery.	patients with increasing comorbidities are at increased risk of admission to an inpatient facility after outpatient surgery.	2007	17372051
multiple antimicrobial resistance in plague: an emerging public health risk.	antimicrobial resistance in yersinia pestis is rare, yet constitutes a significant international public health and biodefense threat. in 1995, the first multidrug resistant (mdr) isolate of y. pestis (strain ip275) was identified, and was shown to contain a self-transmissible plasmid (pip1202) that conferred resistance to many of the antimicrobials recommended for plague treatment and prophylaxis. comparative analysis of the dna sequence of y. pestis plasmid pip1202 revealed a near identical inc ...	2007	17375195
myron prinzmetal 1908-1987: the man behind the variant angina.	prinzmetal or variant angina refers to decrease in blood flow secondary to spontaneous spasm of the arterial wall usually without significant atherosclerotic plaques. these symptoms happen at rest and often may wake up the patient during the night. this angina is named after myron prinzmetal (1908-1987), who worked most of his life in los angeles and published 165 medical publications during his brilliant career. his interests ranged from disease of the lung, kidneys, and peripheral vascular dis ...	2008	17379334
the probable source of both the primary multidrug-resistant (mdr) hiv-1 strain found in a patient with rapid progression to aids and a second recombinant mdr strain found in a chronically hiv-1-infected patient.	rapid progression to aids after acute infection with a multidrug-resistant (mdr), dual-tropic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) was reported in a new york city man (hereafter referred to as "nyc") who has sex with men. the probable source of this hiv-1 (hereafter referred to as "ct01") and the development of a recombinant mdr hiv-1 in the source's partner (hereafter referred to as "ct02") are described.	2007	17396993
potential cost savings with terrestrial rabies control.	the cost-benefit of raccoon rabies control strategies such as oral rabies vaccination (orv) are under evaluation. as an initial quantification of the potential cost savings for a control program, the collection of selected rabies cost data was pilot tested for five counties in new york state (nys) in a three-year period.	2007	17407559
santiago ramón y cajal at clark university, 1899; his only visit to the united states.	in 1899, at the invitation of g. stanley hall, the great psychologist and president of clark university, santiago ramón y cajal, and four other european scientists of significant note, were invited to participate in the decennial celebration of clark. cajal, accompanied by his wife, arrived in worcester, via new york, to much acclaim and praise in the local press. his three lectures, all delivered in french and illustrated with large color drawings made upon his arrival at clark, were concerned ...	2007	17408560
factors affecting reproductive hormones in hiv-infected, substance-using middle-aged women.	to determine whether reproductive hormone levels are affected by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and drug use.	2007	17415019
the association between genetic variants in sorl1 and alzheimer disease in an urban, multiethnic, community-based cohort.	to investigate the association between alzheimer disease (ad) and variant alleles in sorl1 using a series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in an urban, multiethnic, community-based population.	2007	17420311
human immunodeficiency virus counseling, testing, and referral of close contacts to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: feasibility and costs.	we aimed to increase human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) counseling, testing, referral (ctr), and knowledge of hiv serostatus of close contacts of tuberculosis patients and improve tuberculosis screening and treatment of hiv-infected contacts.	2007	17435492
an overview of the 1976 new york academy of science meeting.	in the late 1960s and early 1970s, endurance running was gaining popularity at an exponential rate. paul milvy organised the scientific and medical conference entitled 'the marathon: physiological, medical, epidemiological, and psychological studies' associated with 1976 new york marathon and sponsored by the new york academy of sciences to provide a forum for scientists to interact and to publish the proceedings to serve as a resource for future sports medicine research. the conference was a ma ...	2007	17465588
listeria monocytogenes fecal shedding in dairy cattle shows high levels of day-to-day variation and includes outbreaks and sporadic cases of shedding of specific l. monocytogenes subtypes.	fecal shedding of listeria monocytogenes poses a risk for contamination of animal feed and agricultural environments and raw food at the pre-harvest stages of food production. to be able to reduce these risks it is critical to improve understanding of the epidemiology of l. monocytogenes shedding in feces. the objective of this study was to assess the daily variability of fecal shedding and its association with individual animal (lactation number and the day of current lactation) and environment ...	2007	17481754
poison control center surge capacity during an unusual increase in call volume--results from a natural experiment.	poison control centers (pccs) play an integral role in the preparation for and management of poison emergencies. large-scale public health disasters, caused by both natural and human factors, may result in a drastic increase in the number of inquiries received and handled by pccs in short periods of time. in order to plan and prepare for such public health emergencies, it is important for pccs to assess their ability to handle the surge in call volume and to examine how the unusually large numbe ...	2007	17484364
the transition from injection to non-injection drug use: long-term outcomes among heroin and cocaine users in new york city.	to characterize heroin and cocaine users in new york city who have changed from injection to non-injection drug administration and to identify factors associated with long-term non-injection use.	2007	17506155
assessment of adverse events associated with antiretroviral regimens for postexposure prophylaxis for occupational and nonoccupational exposures to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus.	to assess adverse events associated with antiretroviral regimens for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) postexposure prophylaxis (pep), with a particular focus on the treatment combination of zidovudine, lamivudine, and tenofovir (zdv-3tc-tdf).	2007	17520543
bioinformatics and human identification in mass fatality incidents: the world trade center disaster.	victim identification initiatives undertaken in the wake of mass fatality incidents (mfis) where high-body fragmentation has been sustained are often dependent on dna typing technologies to complete their mandate. the success of these endeavors is linked to the choice of dna typing methods and the bioinformatic tools required to make the necessary associations. several bioinformatic tools were developed to assist with the identification of the victims of the world trade center attacks, one of th ...	2007	17524061
does integrating viral hepatitis services into a public std clinic attract injection drug users for care?	injection drug users (idus) are at high risk for multiple health problems, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), viral hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and are likely to have poor access to health care. to more effectively serve high-risk clients, experts recommend that programs accessed by such client populations offer integrated services. in 2000, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene integrated viral hepatitis services (vaccine and screening) in ...	2007	17542450
promoting hcv treatment completion for prison inmates: new york state's hepatitis c continuity program.	this article describes the development of a statewide program providing continuity of hepatitis c virus (hcv) treatment to prisoners upon release to the community. we discussed length of stay as a barrier to treatment with key collaborators; developed protocols, a referral process, and forms; mobilized staff; recruited heath-care facilities to accept referrals; and provided short-term access to hcv medications for inmates upon release. the hepatitis c continuity program, including 70 prisons and ...	2007	17542460
advancing biocultural models by working with communities: a partnership approach.	culture and human behavior are recognized today as major forces acting on human biological variation around the world. studies of the relationships between biology and processes, such as modernization, urbanization, and social stratification, are prominent in our journals and meetings. an ongoing study of the interrelationships between toxicant exposure (organochlorines, lead, and mercury), health, and culture among youth of the mohawk nation at akwesasne is located within this context and is us ...	2007	17546616
plasma epstein-barr virus immunoglobulin a and dna for nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening in the united states.	to examine the epstein-barr virus (ebv) iga and dna assays as a screening tool for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) in a nonendemic us population.	2007	17547994
association of polymorphisms in myeloperoxidase and catalase genes with precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa of patients at inner-city hospitals in new york.	gastric carcinogenesis is a multistep process progressing from chronic gastritis, through glandular atrophy (ga), intestinal metaplasia (im) and dysplasia. we have previously demonstrated that minority patients at new york city hospitals are infected with a relatively virulent strain of h. pylori (hp) and that hp infection is associated with an increased incidence of precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa. nevertheless, precancerous changes are not observed in every hp-infected individual, s ...	2007	17549373
computer-based multivariate economic analysis of neonatal-intensive-care-unit-based influenza vaccine administration to parents in a low-socio-economic, urban setting.	trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine has been shown to reduce the number of influenza-related outpatient visits and hospitalizations of children up to 24 months of age. the american academy of pediatrics, centers for disease control, and advisory committee on immunization practices recommend that the influenza vaccine be administered to the first-person contacts of infants less than 6 months of age. however, the economic implications of increasing immunization rates by using the neonatal inte ...	2007	17549758
west nile virus activity--united states, 2006.	west nile virus (wnv) is the leading cause of arboviral encephalitis in the united states. originally discovered in africa in 1937, wnv was first detected in the western hemisphere in 1999 in new york city. since then, wnv has caused seasonal epidemics of febrile illness and severe neurologic disease in the united states. this report summarizes provisional wnv surveillance data for 2006 reported to cdc as of april 3, 2007. during 2006, wnv transmission to humans or animals expanded into 52 count ...	2007	17557072
subcutaneous and omental fat expression of adiponectin and leptin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.	to assess message expression of adiponectin and leptin in visceral and sc fat in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) and in control women.	2008	17562334
rapid vaccine distribution in nontraditional settings: lessons learned from project viva.	with growing fear of a worldwide influenza pandemic, programs that can rapidly vaccinate a broad range of persons are urgently needed. vaccination rates are low among disadvantaged and hard-to-reach populations living within urban communities, and delivering vaccines to these groups may prove challenging. project viva1 (venue-intensive vaccination for adults), staffed by teams of nurses and outreach workers, aimed to deliver vaccines rapidly within disadvantaged neighborhoods in new york city. p ...	2007	17563280
lyme disease--united states, 2003-2005.	lyme disease is caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans by the bite of infected blacklegged ticks (ixodes spp.). early manifestations of infection include fever, headache, fatigue, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans. left untreated, late manifestations involving the joints, heart, and nervous system can occur. a healthy people 2010 objective (14-8) is to reduce the annual incidence of lyme disease to 9.7 new cases per 100,000 population in 1 ...	2007	17568368
rapid hiv testing in emergency departments--three u.s. sites, january 2005-march 2006.	approximately one fourth of the estimated 1 million persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in the united states are unaware that they are infected with hiv and at risk for transmitting the virus to others. in april 2003, cdc announced a new initiative, advancing hiv prevention: new strategies for a changing epidemic, aimed at reducing barriers to early diagnosis of hiv infection and increasing access of persons infected with hiv to medical care and prevention services. a priority ...	2007	17585288
acute human immunodeficiency virus infection in a breast-fed infant in new york city.	acute human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in a breast-fed infant is a rare diagnosis in developed countries. we present a six-month old girl with postnatally acquired hiv infection complicated by pneumocystis jéroveci pneumonia, cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and encephalopathy. her mother had tested negative for hiv during pregnancy. children infected by mothers during an acute seroconversion may have more rapid disease progression.	2007	17596814
symptomatic early neurosyphilis among hiv-positive men who have sex with men--four cities, united states, january 2002-june 2004.	symptomatic early neurosyphilis is a rare manifestation of syphilis that usually occurs within the first 12 months of infection. most neurologic symptoms of early neurosyphilis result from acute or subacute meningitis, abnormalities in cranial nerve function, and inflammatory vasculitis leading to a cerebrovascular accident. symptomatic early neurosyphilis essentially disappeared in the united states after the introduction of penicillin treatment for syphilis in the late 1940s but reappeared in ...	2007	17597693
incidence and persistence of staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in a community sample of hiv-infected and -uninfected drug users.	a longitudinal study of 282 community-based drug users was conducted from february 1999 through september 2000. both the incidence (15.0 cases per 100 person-years at risk; 95% confidence interval, 10.2-20.7 cases per 100 person-years at risk) and persistence of staphylococcus aureus carriage were increased among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive individuals.	2007	17599312
the $5 man: the underground economic response to a large cigarette tax increase in new york city.	we examined the mechanisms by which living in a disadvantaged minority community influences smoking and illegal cigarette sale and purchasing behaviors after a large cigarette tax increase.	2007	17600270
tracking human travel using stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses of hair and urine.	the stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of organic samples are increasingly being used to investigate patterns of animal migration. relatively few studies have applied these techniques to modern humans, despite a variety of potential forensic applications. we analyzed drinking water and food at two geographic locations, east greenbush, new york (usa) and fairbanks, alaska (usa), with different delta(18)o and deltad values for precipitation and tap water. foods varied widely in measur ...	2007	17610246
incident sexually transmitted infections among persons living with diagnosed hiv/aids in new york city, 2001-2002: a population-based assessment.	objective/goal: to describe the incidence of 3 bacterial sexually transmitted infections (stis) among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) (plwha) in new york city (nyc) and to identify predictors for sti acquisition.	2007	17621243
multistate outbreak of norovirus gastroenteritis among attendees at a family reunion--grant county, west virginia, october 2006.	on october 17, 2006, the west virginia department of health and human resources (wvdhhr) was notified of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis, characterized by vomiting and diarrhea, among attendees at a family reunion. the outbreak initially was reported by a group of attendees to their local health department in garrett county, maryland. the same day, the information was relayed to the grant county health department in west virginia and subsequently to wvdhhr. the reunion was held on october 1 ...	2007	17625494
the role of lizards in the ecology of lyme disease in two endemic zones of the northeastern united states.	we examined the role of lizards in the ecology of lyme disease in new york and maryland. we collected data on vector tick infestations, measured lizard "realized" reservoir competence for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, and estimated lizard population density. these data were incorporated into a model that predicts a host's ability to influence the prevalence of b. burgdorferi in the tick population, a primary risk factor in the epidemiology of lyme disease. published data on o ...	2007	17626342
raymond v. damadian, m.d.: magnetic resonance imaging and the controversy of the 2003 nobel prize in physiology or medicine.	on october 6, 2003 the nobel committee announced that paul c. lauterbur, phd and sir peter mansfield, phd were awarded the nobel prize in physiology or medicine for their work on the development of magnetic resonance imaging. dr. raymond damadian was excluded and a controversy ensued.	2007	17631325