Publications

heterologous expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the upstream region of the isocitrate lyase gene (upr-icl) from the n-alkane-utilizing yeast candida tropicalis serves as a useful promoter of gene expression in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the production of rat metabotropic glutamate receptor 1alpha (mglur1alpha), which belongs to the g-protein-coupled receptor (gpcr) family, was tested under the control of upr-icl. expression of mglur1alpha was found in recombinant clones and enhanced by replacing the signal sequence of mglur1alpha wit ...	2004	14740193
identification of a protein that interacts with the golli-myelin basic protein and with nuclear lim interactor in the nervous system.	the myelin basic protein (mbp) gene encodes the classic mbps and the golli proteins, which are related structurally to the mbps but are not components of the myelin sheath. a yeast two-hybrid approach was used to identify molecular partners that interact with the golli proteins. a mouse cdna was cloned that encoded a protein of 261 amino acids and called golli-interacting protein (gip). database analysis revealed that gip was the murine homolog of human nuclear lim interactor-interacting factor ...	2004	14743429
specific gene expression and therapy for pancreatic cancer using the cytosine deaminase gene directed by the rat insulin promoter.	suicide gene therapy has been shown to be an effective means of destroying pancreatic cancer cells, but cell-specific delivery of the gene is required to limit host toxicity. the objective of this study is to determine whether the rat insulin promoter (rip) will permit cell-specific gene delivery and subsequent cell death in human pancreatic cancer cells. the rip dna was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and the purified fragment was inserted into pcr-blunt ii-topo plasmid at the ...	2004	14746841
the roadblock light chains are ubiquitous components of cytoplasmic dynein that form homo- and heterodimers.	the roadblock/lc7 class of light chains associate with the intermediate chains at the base of the soluble dynein particle. in mammals, there are two roadblock isoforms (robl1 and robl2), one of which (robl2) is differentially expressed in a tissue-dependent manner and is especially prominent in testis. here we define the alpha helical content of robl and demonstrate using both the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro biochemistry that robl1 and robl2 are capable of forming homo- and heterodimers ...	2004	14752807
microglia/macrophage-specific protein iba1 binds to fimbrin and enhances its actin-bundling activity.	ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (iba1) is a microglia/macrophage-specific calcium-binding protein. iba1 has the actin-bundling activity and participates in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis in activated microglia. in order to understand the iba1-related intracellular signalling pathway in greater detail, we employed a yeast two-hybrid screen to isolate an iba1-interacting molecule and identified another actin-bundling protein, l-fimbrin. in response to stimulation, l-fimbrin accumula ...	2004	14756805
the nutritive properties of two yeasts used to produce massive dietetic liver necrosis in rats.		1951	14820869
daxx, flash, and faf-1 modulate mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor-mediated transcription in hippocampal cells--toward a basis for the opposite actions elicited by two nuclear receptors?	mineralocorticoid (mr) and glucocorticoid (gr) receptors are two closely-related members of the steroid nuclear receptor family of transcription factors that bind common ligands in the brain (corticosterone and cortisol) and supposedly have identical hormone response elements. this raises the important question of how they can elicit differential biological actions in neurons in which they are often colocalized. one plausible explanation is that they differentially recruit proteins (coregulators ...	2004	14978255
possible involvement of the drug transporters p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein mrp2 in disposition of azithromycin.	p glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (mrp2), atp-dependent membrane transporters, exist in a variety of normal tissues and play important roles in the disposition of various drugs. the present study seeks to clarify the contribution of p glycoprotein and/or mrp2 to the disposition of azithromycin in rats. the disappearance of azithromycin from plasma after intravenous administration was significantly delayed in rats treated with intravenous injection of cyclosporine, a p- ...	2004	14982769
importin 7 and importin alpha/importin beta are nuclear import receptors for the glucocorticoid receptor.	the vertebrate glucocorticoid receptor (gr) is cytoplasmic without hormone and localizes to the nucleus after hormone binding. gr has two nuclear localization signals (nls): nl1 is similar in sequence to the sv40 nls; nl2 is poorly defined, residing in the ligand-binding domain. we found that gr displayed similar hormone-regulated compartmentalization in saccharomyces cerevisiae and required the sxm1 nuclear import receptor for nl2-mediated import. two metazoan homologues of sxm1, importin 7 and ...	2004	15004228
sperm membrane protein (hsmp-1) and ranbpm complex in the microtubule-organizing centre.	hsmp-1 is a human sperm membrane protein expressed during development. it is a testis-specific component produced during male germ cell differentiation. proteins that interact with hsmp-1 were identified by the application of the yeast two-hybrid system. one of the components, ranbpm, was found to be associated with hsmp-1 under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. in the human testis, ranbpm is produced in spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, suggesting expression during the early stages o ...	2004	15014887
phosphorylation of eif2alpha is involved in the signaling of indispensable amino acid deficiency in the anterior piriform cortex of the brain in rats.	sensing of indispensable amino acid (iaa) deficiency, an acute challenge to protein homeostasis, is demonstrated by rats as rejection of iaa-deficient diets within 20 min. the anterior piriform cortex (apc) of the brain in rats and birds is essential for this nutrient sensing, and is activated by iaa deficiency. yet the mechanisms that sense and transduce iaa reduction to signaling in the apc, or indeed in any animal cells, are unknown. because rejection of a deficient diet within 20 min is too ...	2004	15051816
characterization and regulation of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene from the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe.	the structural gene for the putative gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) was isolated from the chromosomal dna of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. the determined sequence contained 3324 bp and encoded the predicted 630 amino acid sequence of ggt, which resembles counterparts in homo sapiens, rattus norvegicus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and escherichia coli. the s. pombe cells harboring the cloned ggt gene showed about twofold higher ggt activity in the exponential phase than the cell ...	2004	15052323
novel slc22 transporter homologs in fly, worm, and human clarify the phylogeny of organic anion and cation transporters.	slc22 family organic anion and cation transporters (oats, octs, and octns) are transmembrane proteins expressed predominantly in kidney and liver. these proteins mediate the uptake or excretion of numerous physiologically (and pharmacologically) important compounds, and accordingly have been the focus of intensive study. here we investigate the molecular phylogeny of the slc22 transporters, identifying homologs in drosophila and c. elegans, several of which are developmentally regulated, as well ...	2004	15054140
neutrophil serine proteinases inactivate surfactant protein d by cleaving within a conserved subregion of the carbohydrate recognition domain.	surfactant protein d (sp-d) plays important roles in innate immunity including the defense against bacteria, fungi, and respiratory viruses. because sp-d specifically interacts with neutrophils that infiltrate the lung in response to acute inflammation and infection, we examined the hypothesis that the neutrophil-derived serine proteinases (nsps): neutrophil elastase, proteinase-3, and cathepsin g degrade sp-d. all three human nsps specifically cleaved recombinant rat and natural human sp-d dode ...	2004	15078883
effect of 8-oxoguanine on transcription elongation by t7 rna polymerase and mammalian rna polymerase ii.	8-oxoguanine (8-oxog) is a major oxidative lesion produced in dna by normal cellular metabolism or after exposure to exogenous sources such as ionizing radiation. persistence of this lesion in dna causes g to t transversions, with deleterious consequences for the cell. as a result, several repair processes have evolved to remove this lesion from the genome. it has been reported that 8-oxog is subject to transcription-coupled repair (tcr), a process dedicated to removal of lesions from transcribe ...	2004	15084310
rgs17/rgsz2, a novel regulator of gi/o, gz, and gq signaling.	to identify novel regulators of galpha(o), the most abundant g-protein in brain, we used yeast two-hybrid screening with constitutively active galpha(o) as bait and identified a new regulator of g-protein signaling (rgs) protein, rgs17 (rgsz2), as a novel human member of the rz (or a) subfamily of rgs proteins. rgs17 contains an amino-terminal cysteine-rich motif and a carboxyl-terminal rgs domain with highest homology to hrgsz1- and hrgs-galpha-interacting protein. rgs17 rna was strongly expres ...	2004	15096504
intraplantar zymosan as a reliable, quantifiable model of thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in the rat.	the study of the mechanisms of thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia produced in human inflammatory conditions is dependent on a reliable, consistent model. the present investigation shows that the intraplantar administration of zymosan in the rat hindpaw produces a reliable and quantifiable thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia accompanied by oedema that closely mimics the symptoms of inflammation in man. prior to the intraplantar injection of zymosan, there was no significant difference in withdra ...	1997	15102428
prosaposin gene expression in normal and dystrophic rcs rat retina.	to identify proteins secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) and to analyze their cellular distribution in normal and pathologic rat retinas at various stages of eye development.	2004	15111580
90-kda ribosomal s6 kinase is a direct target for the nuclear fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (fgfr1): role in fgfr1 signaling.	fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (fgfr1) is a transmembrane protein capable of transducing stimulation by secreted fgfs. in addition, newly synthesized fgfr1 enters the nucleus in response to cellular stimulation and during development. nuclear fgfr1 can transactivate cre (camp responsive element), activate cre-binding protein (creb)-binding protein (cbp) and gene activities causing cellular growth and differentiation. here, a yeast two-hybrid assay was performed to identify fgfr1-binding pro ...	2004	15117958
anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extracts from ventilago harmandiana pierre.	methanolic extracts from the heart wood, stem bark, and stem wood of ventilago harmandiana pierre (family rhamnaceae) were assessed for anti-inflammatory effects using both acute and chronic inflammatory models. analgesic and antipyretic activities of the extracts were also evaluated. it was found that all extracts possessed strong inhibitory effects on the acute phase of inflammation as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate (epp)- and arachidonic acid (aa)-induced ear edema as well as in carrageenin-i ...	2004	15120445
tmf is a golgin that binds rab6 and influences golgi morphology.	golgins are coiled-coil proteins associated with the golgi apparatus, that are believed to be involved in the tethering of vesicles and the stacking of cisternae, as well as other functions such as cytoskeletal association. many are peripheral membrane proteins recruited by gtpases. several have been described in animal cells, and some in yeast, but the relationships between golgins from different species can be hard to define because although they share structural features, their sequences are ...	2004	15128430
reconstitution and functional characterization of the unusual bi-subunit type i dna topoisomerase from leishmania donovani.	leishmania donovani topoisomerase i is an unusual bi-subunit enzyme. the activity of the enzyme has been detected when the genes of the individual subunits were co-expressed in yeast [j. biol. chem. 278 (2003) 3521]. here, we report for the first time, the in vitro reconstitution of the two recombinant proteins, ldtop1l and ldtop1s, corresponding to the large and small subunits and localization of the active enzyme in both the nucleus and kinetoplast. the proteins were purified from bacterial ex ...	2004	15135057
cgi-58 interacts with perilipin and is localized to lipid droplets. possible involvement of cgi-58 mislocalization in chanarin-dorfman syndrome.	lipid droplets (lds) are a class of ubiquitous cellular organelles that are involved in lipid storage and metabolism. although the mechanisms of the biogenesis of lds are still unclear, a set of proteins called the pat domain family have been characterized as factors associating with lds. perilipin, a member of this family, is expressed exclusively in the adipose tissue and regulates the breakdown of triacylglycerol in lds via its phosphorylation. in this study, we used a yeast two-hybrid system ...	2004	15136565
tale homeodomain proteins regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression independently and via interactions with oct-1.	gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) is the central regulator of reproductive function. expression of the gnrh gene is confined to a rare population of neurons scattered throughout the hypothalamus. restricted expression of the rat gnrh gene is driven by a multicomponent enhancer and an evolutionarily conserved promoter. oct-1, a ubiquitous pou homeodomain transcription factor, was identified as an essential factor regulating gnrh transcription in the gt1-7 hypothalamic neuronal cell line. in t ...	2004	15138251
characterization of phorbol esters activity on individual mammalian protein kinase c isoforms, using the yeast phenotypic assay.	an alternative in vivo assay, based on growth inhibition of yeast expressing an individual mammalian protein kinase c (pkc) isoform (proportional to the degree of pkc activation), was used to characterize the activities of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (pma) and its analogues on classical (alpha and betai), novel (delta and eta) and atypical (zeta) pkc isoforms. effects of pma, 4alpha-pma, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-4-o-methyl-ether (mpma), phorbol-12-monomyristate (pmm), phorbol-12,13-di ...	2004	15140626
nipbl, encoding a homolog of fungal scc2-type sister chromatid cohesion proteins and fly nipped-b, is mutated in cornelia de lange syndrome.	cornelia de lange syndrome (cdls) is a multiple malformation disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, mental retardation, growth delay and limb reduction defects. we indentified and characterized a new gene, nipbl, that is mutated in individuals with cdls and determined its structure and the structures of mouse, rat and zebrafish homologs. we named its protein product delangin. vertebrate delangins have substantial homology to orthologs in flies, worms, plants and fungi, including s ...	2004	15146185
redesign of carnitine acetyltransferase specificity by protein engineering.	in eukaryotes, l-carnitine is involved in energy metabolism by facilitating beta-oxidation of fatty acids. carnitine acetyltransferases (crat) catalyze the reversible conversion of acetyl-coa and carnitine to acetylcarnitine and free coa. to redesign the specificity of rat crat toward its substrates, we mutated met564. the m564g mutated crat showed higher activity toward longer chain acyl-coas: activity toward myristoyl-coa was 1250-fold higher than that of the wild-type crat, and lower activity ...	2004	15155769
lc3, gabarap and gate16 localize to autophagosomal membrane depending on form-ii formation.	rat lc3, a homologue of yeast atg8 (aut7/apg8), localizes to autophagosomal membranes after post-translational modifications. the c-terminal fragment of lc3 is cleaved immediately following synthesis to yield a cytosolic form called lc3-i. a subpopulation of lc3-i is further converted to an autophagosome-associating form, lc3-ii. because yeast atg8 is conjugated with phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) by a ubiquitin-like system, it has been hypothesized that lc3 is modified in a similar manner. here, ...	2004	15169837
purification of drosophila dna polymerase zeta by rev1 protein-affinity chromatography.	studies on the biochemical properties of very-large-size eukaryotic dna polymerases have been limited by the difficulty in obtaining sufficient purified forms of each enzyme. our aim was to determine and elucidate the biochemical properties of one such polymerase, pol zeta (dna polymerase zeta) from drosophila melanogaster (dmpol zeta). using an rev1 (uv-revertible gene 1) protein-affinity column, we have isolated the enzyme directly from drosophila embryos. completely purified dmpol zeta was fo ...	2004	15175013
heme oxygenase-2 is activated by calcium-calmodulin.	the heme oxygenase family of enzymes catalyzes the metabolism of heme to biliverdin, ferrous iron, and carbon monoxide (co). at least two isoforms exist, heme oxygenase-1 (ho1) and heme oxygenase-2 (ho2), which are encoded by separate genes. ho2 is selectively enriched in neurons, and substantial evidence suggests that ho2-derived co functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator. however, a molecular mechanism for the rapid activation of ho2 during neuronal activity has not been described. thro ...	2004	15175337
molecular interaction of nmda receptor subunit nr3a with protein phosphatase 2a.	the catalytic subunit of the serine-threonine protein phosphatase 2a (pp2a) was previously found to bind to the carboxyl domain of nmda receptor (nmdar) subunit nr3a. we now report that nr3a constitutively associates with the pp2a holoenzyme, but not the core enzyme in rat brain synaptic plasma membranes. we also identified critical amino acids in nr3a required for binding to pp2a. we performed alanine-scanning mutagenesis in the pp2a-binding domain of the nr3a c-terminal (nr3ac), then co-expres ...	2004	15194871
the brefeldin a-inhibited gdp/gtp exchange factor 2, a protein involved in vesicular trafficking, interacts with the beta subunits of the gaba receptors.	we have found that the brefeldin a-inhibited gdp/gtp exchange factor 2 (big2) interacts with the beta subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type-a receptor (gaba(a)r). big2 is a sec7 domain-containing guanine nucleotide exchange factor known to be involved in vesicular and protein trafficking. the interaction between the 110 amino acid c-terminal fragment of big2 and the large intracellular loop of the gaba(a)r beta subunits was revealed with a yeast two-hybrid assay. the native big2 and gaba( ...	2004	15198677
yeast and mammalian alpha-glucosidase inhibitory constituents from himalayan rhubarb rheum emodi wall.ex meisson.	the methanolic extract of rhizome of himalayan rhubarb rheum emodi displayed mild yeast as well as mammalian intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. however, further fractionation of active extract led to the isolation of several potent molecules in excellent yields, displaying varying degrees of inhibition on two test models of alpha-glucosidase. rhapontigenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, chrysophanol-8-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside, torachrysone-8-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside displayed potent yeast ...	2004	15203173
direct interaction of glurdelta2 with shank scaffold proteins in cerebellar purkinje cells.	glutamate receptor (glur) delta2 selectively expressed in cerebellar purkinje cells plays a central role in cerebellar long-term depression (ltd), motor learning, and formation of parallel fiber synapses. by yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified members of the shank family of scaffold proteins as major glurdelta2-interacting molecules. glurdelta2 bound directly to the pdz domain of shank proteins through an internal motif in the carboxyl-terminal putative cytoplasmic domain. shank1 and shank ...	2004	15207857
direct interaction between bkca potassium channel and microtubule-associated protein 1a.	the bkca channel, a potassium channel that is allosterically activated by voltage and calcium, is expressed in both excitable and non-excitable cells. the channel plays an important role in regulating membrane excitability. the channel activity can be modulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. recently, hippocampal bkca channels were shown to be directly modulated by assembly/disassembly of the submembranous actin cytoskeleton. here, we report that the bkca channel ph ...	2004	15251455
comparison of two sites in mobile bay using in vivo biomarkers in largemouth bass, sediment bioassays, and sediment contaminant analysis.	this research addresses whether chemical contaminants are having a biologically measurable effect on largemouth bass (micropterus salmoides), an important fish species in the mobile bay national estuary. bass and sediment samples were collected in september 2001 from big bateau and d'olive bays; the latter has been suggested to be an environmentally impacted site. there was a significant difference in the age distribution of bass collected from the two sites. however, none of the animals showed ...	2004	15253048
production of n-sulfated polysaccharides using yeast-expressed n-deacetylase/n-sulfotransferase-1 (ndst-1).	heparan sulfate/heparin n-deacetylase/n-sulfotransferase-1 (ndst-1) is a critical enzyme involved in heparan sulfate/heparin biosynthesis. this dual-function enzyme modifies the glcnac-glca disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make n-sulfated heparosan. n-sulfation is an absolute requirement for the subsequent epimerization and o-sulfation steps in heparan sulfate/heparin biosynthesis. we have expressed rat liver (r) ndst-1 in saccharomyces cerevisiae as a soluble protein. the yeast-expresse ...	2004	15253930
the neuronal glycine transporter 2 interacts with the pdz domain protein syntenin-1.	the glycine transporter subtype 2 (glyt2) is localized at glycinergic axon terminals where it mediates the re-uptake of glycine from the extracellular space. in this study, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to search for proteins that interact with the cytoplasmic carboxy terminal tail region of glyt2. screening of a rat brain cdna library identified the pdz domain protein syntenin-1 as an intracellular binding partner of glyt2. in pull-down experiments, the interaction between glyt2 and synte ...	2004	15276154
spontaneous transformation of an immortalized hepatocyte cell line: potential role of a nuclear protease.	in this study, we utilized an in vitro model of spontaneous transformation/progression, an sv40 large t antigen-immortalized rat hepatocyte cell line (designated cwsv14) that is very weakly tumorigenic at low-passage, but acquires a transformed phenotype upon extended passage in cell culture. here we show that this mid-passage transformation is accompanied by development of aneuploidy and disorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, concomitant with a large increase in a chymotrypsin-like nuclear ...	2004	15312682
functional role of a c-terminal gbetagamma-binding domain of ca(v)2.2 channels.	presynaptic ca(2+) channels are inhibited by neurotransmitters acting through g protein-coupled receptors via a membrane-delimited pathway. inhibition is reversed by strong depolarization, resulting in prepulse facilitation. activated g protein betagamma subunits (gbetagamma) are required for maximal prepulse facilitation. gbetagamma binds to multiple sites on ca(v)2.1, ca(v)2.2, and ca(v)2.3 alpha1 subunits. here we examine the functional relevance of a c-terminal binding site for gbetagamma on ...	2004	15322269
lc3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy.	autophagy is the bulk degradation of proteins and organelles, a process essential for cellular maintenance, cell viability, differentiation and development in mammals. autophagy has significant associations with neurodegenerative diseases, cardiomyopathies, cancer, programmed cell death, and bacterial and viral infections. during autophagy, a cup-shaped structure, the preautophagosome, engulfs cytosolic components, including organelles, and closes, forming an autophagosome, which subsequently fu ...	2004	15325588
the novel azole r126638 is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis in candida albicans, trichophyton spp., and microsporum canis.	r126638 is a novel triazole with in vitro activity similar to that of itraconazole against dermatophytes, candida spp., and malassezia spp. in animal models of dermatophyte infections, r126638 showed superior antifungal activity. r126638 inhibits ergosterol synthesis in candida albicans, trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton rubrum, and microsporum canis at nanomolar concentrations, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic(50)s) similar to those of itraconazole. the decreased synthesis of ergo ...	2004	15328084
domain-specific characteristics of the bifunctional key enzyme of sialic acid biosynthesis, udp-n-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/n-acetylmannosamine kinase.	udp-n-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/n-acetylmannosamine kinase is a bifunctional enzyme, which initiates and regulates sialic acid biosynthesis. sialic acids are important compounds of mammalian glycoconjugates, mediating several biological processes, such as cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions. in order to characterize the function of udp-n-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/n-acetylmannosamine kinase, a number of deletion mutants were generated, lacking either parts of the n-terminal epimerase or ...	2004	15330759
leukemia/lymphoma-related factor, a poz domain-containing transcriptional repressor, interacts with histone deacetylase-1 and inhibits cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene expression and chondrogenesis.	mutations in the human cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (comp) gene have been linked to the development of pseudoachondroplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. we previously cloned the promoter region of the comp gene and delineated a minimal negative regulatory element (nre) that is both necessary and sufficient to repress its promoter (issack, p. s., fang, c. h., leslie, m. p., and di cesare, p. e. (2000) j. orthop. res. 18, 345-350; issack, p. s., liu, c. j., prazak, l., and di cesare, ...	2004	15337766
the traf2- and nck-interacting kinase as a putative effector of rap2 to regulate actin cytoskeleton.	rap2 belongs to the ras family of small gtp-binding proteins, but its specific roles in cell signaling remain unknown. in the present study, we have affinity-purified from rat brain a rap2-interacting protein of approximately 155 kda, p155. by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we have identified p155 as traf2- and nck-interacting kinase (tnik). tnik possesses an n-terminal kinase domain homologous to ste20, the saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase ...	2004	15342639
adaptive evolution of centromere proteins in plants and animals.	centromeres represent the last frontiers of plant and animal genomics. although they perform a conserved function in chromosome segregation, centromeres are typically composed of repetitive satellite sequences that are rapidly evolving. the nucleosomes of centromeres are characterized by a special h3-like histone (cenh3), which evolves rapidly and adaptively in drosophila and arabidopsis. most plant, animal and fungal centromeres also bind a large protein, centromere protein c (cenp-c), that is ...	2004	15345035
ccteta, a novel soluble guanylyl cyclase-interacting protein.	nitric oxide (no) transduces most of its biological effects through activation of the heterodimeric enzyme, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sgc). activation of sgc results in the production of cgmp from gtp. in this paper, we demonstrate a novel protein interaction between cct (chaperonin containing t-complex polypeptide) subunit eta and the alpha1beta1 isoform of sgc. ccteta was found to interact with the beta1 subunit of sgc via a yeast-two-hybrid screen. this interaction was then confirmed in vitro ...	2004	15347653
membrane-embedded c-terminal segment of rat mitochondrial tom40 constitutes protein-conducting pore with enriched beta-structure.	tom40 is the central component of the preprotein translocase of the mitochondrial outer membrane (tom complex). we purified recombinant rat tom40 (rtom40), which was refolded in brij35 after solubilization from inclusion bodies by guanidine hcl. rtom40 (i) consisted of a 63% beta-sheet structure and (ii) bound a matrix-targeted preprotein with high affinity and partially translocated it into the rtom40 pore. this partial translocation was inhibited by stabilization of the mature domain of the pr ...	2004	15347672
the fk506 binding protein 13 kda (fkbp13) interacts with the c-chain of complement c1q.	the pharmacological action of specific immunosuppressants is mediated by immunophilins. while cyclosporin a binds to cyclophilins, fk506/tacrolimus, rapamycin, and others bind to fk506 binding proteins (fkbps). different physiological actions of immunophilins were described but their genuine function, however, remains elusive and is still under investigation. a yeast two-hybrid screen was performed using the fk506 binding protein 13 kda (fkbp13) as a bait and a fetal liver expression library as ...	2004	15353007
functional expression of the single subunit nadh dehydrogenase in mitochondria in vivo: a potential therapy for complex i deficiencies.	it has been reported that defects of mitochondrial proton-translocating nadh-quinone oxidoreductase (complex i) are involved in many human diseases (such as encephalomyopathies and sporadic parkinson's disease). however, no effective remedies have been established for complex i deficiencies. we have adopted a gene therapy approach utilizing the ndi1 gene that codes for the single subunit nadh dehydrogenase of saccharomyces cerevisiae (ndi1). our earlier experiments show that the ndi1 protein can ...	2004	15353043
ep24.15 interacts with the angiotensin ii type i receptor and bradykinin b2 receptor.	the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the angiotensin ii type 1 receptor (at1) is known to interact with several classes of intracellular proteins that may modulate receptor function. employing yeast two-hybrid screening of a human embryonic kidney cdna library with the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the at1 receptor as a bait, we have isolated ep24.15 (ec 3.4.24.15, thimet oligopeptidase) as a potentially interacting protein. ep24.15 is widely distributed and is known to degrade ...	2005	15376229
are genetic determinants of asymmetric stem cell division active in hematopoietic stem cells?	stem cells have acquired a golden glow in the past few years as they represent possible tools for reversing the damage wreak on organs. these cells are found not only in major regenerative tissues, such as the epithelia, blood and testes, but also in 'static tissues', such as the nervous system and liver, where they play a central role in tissue growth and maintenance. the mechanism by which stem cells maintain populations of highly differentiated, short-lived cells seems to involve a critical b ...	2004	15378084
characterisation of the nucks gene on human chromosome 1q32.1 and the presence of a homologous gene in different species.	the nucks gene is located on human chromosome 1q32.1 and consists of seven exons and six introns. the gene lacks a tata box but contains two inr elements, two gc boxes, and one consensus-binding site for e2f-1. nucks is expressed in all human adult and foetal tissues investigated, and has all the features of being a housekeeping gene. both data searches and western immunoblotting experiments show that a homologous protein is present in fish, amphibians, and birds but not in insects and yeast, su ...	2004	15381070
translationally controlled tumor protein interacts with the third cytoplasmic domain of na,k-atpase alpha subunit and inhibits the pump activity in hela cells.	translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) is a growth-related protein under transcriptional as well as translational control. we screened a rat skeletal muscle cdna library using yeast two-hybrid system and found that tctp interacts with the third large cytoplasmic domain of alpha1 as well as alpha2 isoforms of na,k-atpase, believed involved in the regulation of na,k-atpase activity. interaction between tctp and na,k-atpase was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation in yeast and mammalian cell ...	2004	15383549
db75, a novel trypanocidal agent, disrupts mitochondrial function in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the aromatic diamidines represent a class of compounds with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; however, their development is hindered by a lack of understanding of their mechanism of antimicrobial action. db75 [2,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)furan] is a trypanocidal aromatic diamidine that was originally developed as a structural analogue of the antitrypanosomal agent pentamidine. db289, a novel orally active prodrug of db75, is undergoing phase iib clinical trials for early-stage human african try ...	2004	15388460
the influence of dietary factors, especially brewer's yeast, cystine and b vitamins, on the course of chronic thallium poisoning in the rat.		1950	15403957
yeast in the production of dietary massive hepatic necrosis in rats.		1950	15422414
the splicing regulatory protein p18srp is down-regulated in alzheimer's disease brain.	alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder of aging, accounting for an estimated two-thirds of all cases of senile dementia. using bioinformatics, the yeast two-hybrid-system, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence microscopy analysis, we demonstrate here that the new putative splicing regulatory protein p18srp is a lysine-rich zinc finger domain-containing protein that interacts with the serine-arginine (sr)-rich splicing regulatory protein ...	2004	15456940
expression, purification, biochemical and pharmacological characterization of a recombinant aprotinin variant.	aprotinin (gas 9087-70-1) is known as a potent inhibitor of serine proteases such as trypsin, plasmin, tissue and plasma kallikrein. in this study, an aprotinin variant was designed by means of rationale mutagenesis that differs from aprotinin by two amino acids in the active site and by seven amino acids in the backbone. the recombinant protein is expressed in a secretory yeast system enabling large scale production. a purification procedure was developed to yield high amounts of pure and corre ...	2004	15460216
functional regulation of fez1 by the u-box-type ubiquitin ligase e4b contributes to neuritogenesis.	e4b (also known as ufd2a) is a mammalian homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae ufd2, which was originally described as a ubiquitin chain assembly factor (e4). e4b is a u-box-type ubiquitin-protein isopeptide ligase (e3) and likely functions as either an e3 or an e4. with a yeast two-hybrid screen, we have now identified fez1 (fasciculation and elongation protein zeta 1) as a protein that interacts with e4b. fez1 is implicated in neuritogenesis when phosphorylated by protein kinase czeta (pkczeta). ...	2004	15466860
antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ketoprofen beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in animals.	ketoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid) orally effective in treating fever, pain, and inflammation but gastrointestinal side effects were observed. preparation of ketoprofen beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes was to increase the solubility and reduce the irritation. the complexes were prepared and preliminarily confirmed using x-ray diffraction and dissolution test. antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory models were induced by 10% yeast using rabbits, 0.8% acetic aci ...	2004	15467187
[molecular cloning and identification and biological activity of gif-interacting protein(s)].	in order to examine the elusive functional mechanism of gif (neuronal growth inhibitory factor, gif) and elucidate the possible relationship between gif and alzheimer's disease, we constructed bait1 plasmid (phyblex-gif) by cloning gif cdna directly in frame with plasmid phyblex, and used the yeast two-hybrid system to screen alzheimer's disease human brain cdna library and found the gif-interacting proteins. the final results from coimmunoprecipitation and western blotting experiments confirmed ...	2004	15468912
diallyl disulfide, a chemopreventive agent in garlic, induces multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression.	the organosulfur compounds (oscs), present in garlic, are studied for their protective effect against human cancers. p-glycoprotein (p-gp) and multidrug resistance protein 2 (mrp2) are two transporters involved in the defense of cells and in the development of multidrug resistance. whereas oscs increase glutathione s-transferase activity (gst), mrp2 plays a role in the transport of glutathione (gsh)-conjugates. in this study, we have investigated the effect of two oscs, diallyl disulfide (dads) ...	2004	15474518
silent information regulator 2alpha, a longevity factor and class iii histone deacetylase, is an essential endogenous apoptosis inhibitor in cardiac myocytes.	yeast silent information regulator 2 (sir2), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent histone deacetylase (hdac) and founding member of the hdac class iii family, functions in a wide array of cellular processes, including gene silencing, longevity, and dna damage repair. we examined whether or not the mammalian ortholog sir2 affects growth and death of cardiac myocytes. cardiac myocytes express sir2alpha predominantly in the nucleus. neonatal rat cardiac myocytes were treated with 20 mmol/l ...	2004	15486319
ubiquilin-1 is a novel hash-1-complexing protein that regulates levels of neuronal bhlh transcription factors in human neuroblastoma cells.	the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factor mammalian achaete-scute homologue-1 (mash-1 in mouse and hash-1 in humans) is expressed in specific subsets of embryonic neuronal precursors of both the peripheral and central nervous systems. this gene is essential for development of olfactory and most peripheral autonomic neurons. neuro-blastoma is a pediatric malignancy derived from sympathetic nervous system precursors and hash-1 is expressed in a majority of neuroblastoma tumors and cel ...	2004	15492808
determining calmodulin binding to metabotropic glutamate receptors with distinct protein-interaction methods.	mglurs (metabotropic glutamate receptors) are g-protein-coupled receptors that modulate synaptic transmission. the eight mammalian mglurs form three groups based on sequence and functional similarities: group i (1 and 5), group ii (2 and 3) and group iii (4, 6-8) mglurs. in the present study, we used a y2h (yeast two hybrid) screen to identify proteins that interact with the c-terminal intracellular tail of mglur3. prominent among the candidate receptor interacting proteins was calmodulin, a ca( ...	2004	15494036
demonstration of n- and c-terminal domain intramolecular interactions in rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 that determine its degree of malonyl-coa sensitivity.	we have previously proposed that changes in malonyl-coa sensitivity of rat l-cpt1 (liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1) might occur through modulation of interactions between its cytosolic n- and c-terminal domains. by using a cross-linking strategy based on the trypsin-resistant folded state of l-cpt1, we have now shown the existence of such n-c (n- and c-terminal domain) intramolecular interactions both in wild-type l-cpt1 expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae and in the native l-cpt1 in fe ...	2005	15498023
interactor-mediated nuclear translocation and retention of protein phosphatase-1.	protein ser/thr phosphatase-1 (pp1) is a ubiquitous eukaryotic enzyme that controls numerous cellular processes by the dephosphorylation of key regulatory proteins. pp1 is expressed in various cellular compartments but is most abundant in the nucleus. we have examined the determinants for the nuclear localization of enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged pp1 in cos1 cells. our studies show that pp1gamma(1) does not contain a functional nuclear localization signal and that its nuclear accumula ...	2004	15501817
cellular signaling mediated by calphoglin-induced activation of ipp and pgm.	universal protein networks conserved from bacteria to animals dictate the core functions of cells. inorganic pyrophosphatase (ipp) is an essential enzyme that plays a pivotal role in a broad spectrum of cellular biosynthetic reactions such as amino acid, nucleotide, polysaccharide, and fatty acid biosynthesis. however, the in vivo cellular regulation mechanisms of ipp and another key metabolic enzyme, phosphoglucomutase (pgm), remain unknown. this study aimed to examine the universal protein reg ...	2004	15522220
high dissemination and hepatotoxicity in rats infected with candida albicans after stress exposure: potential sensitization to liver damage.	the liver constitutes the first barrier in the control of hematogenous dissemination for candida albicans of intestinal origin. the ability of this organ to limit the growth of the yeast and to mount an efficient inflammatory reaction is crucial in determining the outcome of the fungal infection. when rats infected with c. albicans are exposed to chronic varied stress, the cell recruitment is impaired at the site of the infection, the tissue reaction is highly disorganized in target organs and t ...	2004	15528222
energy restriction and aging.	the focus of this review is on current research involving long-term calorie restriction and the resulting changes observed in possible biomarkers of aging. special emphasis will be given to the basic and clinical science studies which are currently investigating the effects of controlled, high-quality energy-restricted diets on both biomarkers of longevity and on the development of chronic diseases related to age and obesity in humans.	2004	15534428
regulation of transport of the angiotensin at2 receptor by a novel membrane-associated golgi protein.	synthesis and maturation of g protein-coupled receptors are complex events that require an intricate combination of processes including protein folding, posttranslational modifications, and transport through distinct cellular compartments. little is known concerning the regulation of g protein-coupled receptor transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface.	2005	15539617
homophilic anchorage of brain-hexokinase to mitochondria-porins revealed by specific-peptide antibody cross recognition.	in brain tumors the main source of energy is from glycolysis, which is initiated by hexokinase 1 (hk1), an enzyme bound to the mitochondrial porin. disruption of hk binding greatly affects tumor cell survival. little is known about the acceptor site of hk1. therefore, a polyclonal antibody (pab) directed to miaaqllayyftelk (mk) peptide, corresponding to the 15-amino acids of the n-terminal sequence of brain hk1 was obtained. anti mk antibody (amk-pab)bound specifically to hk as shown by elisa. t ...	2004	15562563
periplakin interferes with g protein activation by the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor-1 by binding to the proximal segment of the receptor c-terminal tail.	in mice genetic ablation of expression of either melanin-concentrating hormone or the melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor results in alterations in energy metabolism and a lean phenotype. there is thus great interest in the function and regulation of this receptor. using the yeast two-hybrid system we identified an interaction of the actin- and intermediate filament-binding protein periplakin with the intracellular c-terminal tail of the melanin-concentrating hormone-1 receptor. direct asso ...	2004	15590649
yeast hydrolysate reduces body fat of dietary obese rats.	the purpose of this study was to assess the antiobesity effect of the yeast hydrolysate (dnf) on the body weight, body fat and plasma lipids levels of high-fat fed rats. the weight gain of the hf (high fat diet) (162.58 +/- 6.68 g) was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than that of dnf-1, dnf-2, (high fat diet with dnf of 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg body weight, respectively) and control groups (143.19 +/- 7.33 g, 139.20 +/- 8.36 g, 130.23 +/- 8.02 g, respectively). the wet weight of the epididymal fat and ...	2004	15597316
characterization of n alpha-acetyl methionyl human growth hormone formed during expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.	we found a new variant of human growth hormone (hgh) from the recombinant hgh expression process in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the variant was identified as n(alpha)-acetyl methionyl hgh which may be formed by n(alpha)-acetylation of met-hgh during the intracellular expression of hgh in s. cerevisiae. the variant was isolated from manufacturing process of lg life sciences' hgh product. the variant was subjected to trypsin digestion and rp-hplc analysis, resulting in a delayed retention time and a ...	2005	15607707
inparanoid: a comprehensive database of eukaryotic orthologs.	the inparanoid eukaryotic ortholog database (http://inparanoid.cgb.ki.se/) is a collection of pairwise ortholog groups between 17 whole genomes; anopheles gambiae, caenorhabditis briggsae, caenorhabditis elegans, drosophila melanogaster, danio rerio, takifugu rubripes, gallus gallus, homo sapiens, mus musculus, pan troglodytes, rattus norvegicus, oryza sativa, plasmodium falciparum, arabidopsis thaliana, escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe. complete proteomes ...	2005	15608241
ubc9 and protein inhibitor of activated stat 1 activate chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor i-mediated human cyp11b2 gene transcription.	aldosterone synthase (cyp11b2) is involved in the final steps of aldosterone biosynthesis and expressed exclusively in the adrenal zona glomerulosa cells. using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we demonstrate that coup-tfi binds to the -129/-114 element (ad5) of human cyp11b2 promoter. transient transfection in h295r adrenal cells demonstrated that coup-tfi enhanced cyp11b2 reporter activity. however, the reporter construct with mutated ad5 sequences showed reduced basal and coup-tfi-enh ...	2004	15611122
a comprehensive study on the immunological reactivity of the hsp90 molecular chaperone.	periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease, porphyromonas gingivalis being the most implicated pathogen. in the present study, we investigated the role of p. gingivalis htpg (pghtpg), a bacterial ortholog of mammalian hsp90, in the growth of p. gingivalis and also assessed the immunological cross-reactivity of the members of the hsp90 family. antiserum against rat liver hsp90 potently reacted with yeast hsp90, called hsc82, and also weakly with human hsp90 (hhsp90) and human mitochondrial par ...	2004	15632312
ebag9 adds a new layer of control on large dense-core vesicle exocytosis via interaction with snapin.	regulated exocytosis is subject to several modulatory steps that include phosphorylation events and transient protein-protein interactions. the estrogen receptor-binding fragment-associated gene9 (ebag9) gene product was recently identified as a modulator of tumor-associated o-linked glycan expression in nonneuronal cells; however, this molecule is expressed physiologically in essentially all mammalian tissues. particular interest has developed toward this molecule because in some human tumor en ...	2005	15635093
[rna responsible for conferring a dnase i sensitive structure on albumin gene in assembled chromatin].	although the set of genes is virtually the same in all tissues,differential gene expression is appeared in cells of different kinds. differentiation and ageing are associated with regulation of gene expression that is a fundamental mechanism in eukaryotic development and survival. the sensitivity to dnase i of actively transcribed genes seems to be a general phenomenon. the purpose of the study is to test whether rnas obtained from different organs or cells can enhance susceptibility of albumin ...	2003	15639815
the plk3-cdc25 circuit.	polo-like kinases (plks) are key regulators of the cell cycle, especially in the g2 phase and mitosis. they are incorporated into signaling networks that regulate many aspects of the cell cycle, including but not limited to centrosome maturation and separation, mitotic entry, chromosome segregation, mitotic exit, and cytokinesis. the plks have well conserved 30-amino-acid elements, designated polo boxes (pbs), located in their carboxyl-termini, which with their flanking regions constitute a func ...	2005	15640846
effect of the chemical form of supranutritional selenium on selenium load and selenoprotein activities in virgin, pregnant, and lactating rats.	virgin, pregnant, and lactating rats were used to assess the influence of selenomethionine and selenocystine, fed at four to seven times the daily se requirement (supranutritional), on se load and selenoprotein activities. female sprague dawley rats (n = 48; age = 13 wk), reared on a low-se torula yeast diet, were assigned to one of three reproductive states (n = 16 per reproductive state) to occur simultaneously: virgin, pregnant, and lactating. once reproductive state was achieved, rats were f ...	2005	15644515
postsynaptic shank antagonizes dendrite branching induced by the leucine-rich repeat protein densin-180.	leucine-rich repeat and pdz [postsynaptic density-95 (psd-95)/discs large/zona occludens-1] domain proteins such as scribble and densin-180 have been implicated in the establishment of cell-cell contacts. here, we show that densin-180, which has been identified as a constituent of the postsynaptic density in excitatory synapses interacts with the postsynaptic scaffold protein shank (shank1-3). the interaction involves a two-point attachment of the c-terminal region of densin-180 with the src hom ...	2005	15647492
volume-sensitive organic osmolyte/anion channels in cancer: novel approaches to studying channel modulation employing proteomics technologies.	key elements of tumor development include proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and angiogenesis. activation of the volume-sensitive organic osmolyte/anion channel (vsoac) has been suggested to play a role in all of these processes. vsoacs may therefore represent an important therapeutic target in the etiology of cancer. however, pharmacological inhibitors of vsoac are nonselective and of low potency, highlighting the importance of identifying novel regulators of the channel. the use of electr ...	2004	15650230
alternatively spliced protein variants as potential therapeutic targets for male infertility and contraception.	mammalian sperm were previously shown to express the pp1gamma2 isoform of protein phosphatase 1 (pp1) as well as its regulatory proteins inhibitor 2 and glycogen synthase kinase 3. furthermore, the development of sperm motility during transit through the epididymis correlates with changes in pp1 activity. thus, since pp1 cellular activity is determined by the partners it binds, we embarked on a study aimed at defining the specific interactomes of pp1gamma1 and pp1gamma2 (the two known alternativ ...	2004	15659832
abt1-associated protein (abtap), a novel nuclear protein conserved from yeast to mammals, represses transcriptional activation by abt1.	various tata-binding protein (tbp)-associated proteins are involved in the regulation of gene expression through control of basal transcription directed by rna polymerase (pol) ii. we recently identified a novel nuclear protein, activator of basal transcription 1 (abt1), which binds tbp and dna, and enhances pol ii-directed basal transcription. to better understand regulatory mechanisms for abt1, we searched for abt1-binding proteins using a yeast two-hybrid screening and isolated a cdna clone e ...	2004	15660422
analgesic and antipyretic activities of the aqueous extract of urtica macrorrhiza in experimental animals.	oral administration of the aqueous extract of the stem of urtica macrorrhiza (100-400 mg/kg) dose dependently reduced the number of writhings and stretchings induced by acetic acid and decreased licking activity of the late phase in formalin test at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. it suppressed yeast-induced fever in rats.	2005	15664468
a novel substrate of receptor tyrosine phosphatase ptpro is required for nerve growth factor-induced process outgrowth.	the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase ptpro may be involved in axon guidance both as a ligand and as a neuronal receptor. we have begun to characterize signaling by ptpro as a receptor by screening for proteins interacting with the intracellular domain of ptpro. in a yeast-two hybrid screen, we identified a novel class of protein, which we named neuronal pentraxin with chromo domain (npcd), as a ptpro-interacting protein. we have shown recently that npcd has multiple cytoplasmic isoforms as ...	2005	15673668
association of cav1.3 l-type calcium channels with shank.	neurons express multiple types of voltage-gated calcium (ca2+) channels. two subtypes of neuronal l-type ca2+ channels are encoded by cav1.2 and cav1.3 pore-forming subunits. both cav1.2 and cav1.3 subunits contain class i pdz (postsynaptic density-95/discs large/zona occludens-1) domain-binding consensus at their c termini. in yeast two-hybrid screen of rat brain cdna library with the c-terminal bait of cav1.3a (long c-terminal splice variant) l-type ca2+ channel subunit, we isolated multiple c ...	2005	15689539
dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and regulated kinase 1a (dyrk1a) interacts with the phytanoyl-coa alpha-hydroxylase associated protein 1 (pahx-ap1), a brain specific protein.	down syndrome (ds) is the most common genetic defect correlated with mental retardation and delayed development. the specific genes responsible for these phenotypic alterations have not yet been defined. dyrk1a (dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylated and regulated kinase 1a), the human ortholog of the drosophila minibrain gene (mnb), maps to the down syndrome critical region of human chromosome 21 and is overexpressed in down syndrome fetal brain. in drosophila, minibrain is involved in postem ...	2005	15694837
iqgap1 promotes neurite outgrowth in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.	in eukaryotic cells iqgap1 binds to and alters the function of several proteins, including actin, e-cadherin, beta-catenin, cdc42, and rac1. yeast iqgap1 homologues have an important role in cytoskeletal organization, suggesting that modulation of the cytoskeleton is a fundamental role of iqgap1. phosphorylation is a common mechanism by which cells regulate protein function. here we demonstrate that endogenous iqgap1 is highly phosphorylated in mcf-7 human breast epithelial cells. moreover, incu ...	2005	15695813
[established prolonged selenium deficiency of the sd rat animal model breed third generation in series].	to establish selenium deficiency of the breed third generation sd rats animal model in series.	2004	15727183
oral single- and repeated-dose toxicity studies on geranti bio-ge yeast, organic germanium fortified yeasts, in rats.	single- and 13-week repeated-dose toxicities of geranti bio-ge yeast, organic germanium fortified yeasts, were investigated in rats. both sexes of sprague-dawley rats were orally administered once at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg in single-dose toxicity or daily for 13 weeks at doses of 500, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg in repeated-dose toxicity tests. in single-dose toxicity test to determine dose levels in repeated-dose toxicity study, the body weight gain was suppressed at 2,000 mg/kg, although no death, cli ...	2004	15729009
active oligomeric atp synthases in mammalian mitochondria.	recently, by analysis of mildly solubilized mitochondrial membranes new biochemical evidences were obtained for the occurrence of atp synthase dimers in mitochondria of different eukaryotes from yeast to mammals. in the case of yeast even higher atp synthase oligomers could be found. here, we analysed by bn- and cn-page mammalian (bovine and rat) mitochondria from five different tissues, which were efficiently but very mildly solubilized with digitonin. in mitochondria from all investigated tiss ...	2005	15737625
micro-analytical go/hrp bioreactor for glucose determination and bioprocess monitoring.	a bi-enzymatic micro-analytical bioreactor integrated in a fia system for glucose measurements is described. its robustness and small dimensions (working volume of about 70 microl containing approximately 1.2 mg go and 0.26 mg hrp) make it easy to operate. the column is based on immobilisation of glucose oxidase (go) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) on alkylamine controlled pore glass (cpg) beads. the column has excellent shelf life (no significant loss of activity after 1 year if kept at 4 degr ...	2005	15741063
breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp1/abcg2) limits net intestinal uptake of quercetin in rats by facilitating apical efflux of glucuronides.	the intestinal absorption of the flavonoid quercetin in rats is limited by the secretion of glucuronidated metabolites back into the gut lumen. the objective of this study was to determine the role of the intestinal efflux transporters breast cancer resistance protein (bcrp1)/abcg2 and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (mrp2)/abcc2. to study the possible involvement of mrp2, we compared intestinal uptake of quercetin-3-glucoside between control and mrp2-deficient rats, using an in situ i ...	2005	15749994
yeast del assay detects clastogens.	chromosomal rearrangements, including dna deletions are involved in carcinogenesis. the deletion (del) assay scoring for dna deletions in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to detect a wide range of carcinogens. among approximately 60 compounds of known carcinogenic activity, the del assay detected 86% correctly whereas the ames salmonella assay detected only 30% correctly [r.j. brennan, r.h. schiestl, detecting carcinogens with the yeast del assay, methods mol. biol. 262 (2004) 111-124] ...	2005	15781217
experimental candidosis and recovery of candida albicans from the oral cavity of ovariectomized rats.	the aim of this study was to analyze the development of candidosis and the recovery of c. albicans from the oral cavity of ovariectomized and sham-ovariectomized rats. one hundred and twenty-four rats originally negative for candida spp. in the oral cavity were divided into two groups: ovariectomized and sham-ovariectomized. fifty-eight ovariectomized and the same quantity of sham-ovariectomized rats were inoculated with c. albicans for the study of candidosis development and recovery of yeast. ...	2005	15781993
ligand-dependent complex formation between the angiotensin ii receptor subtype at2 and na+/h+ exchanger nhe6 in mammalian cells.	involvement of angiotensin ii (ang ii) in the regulation of sodium levels by modulating the na+/h+ exchangers is demonstrated in many tissues. screening of a mouse 17-day fetus cdna library with the angiotensin ii receptor at2 as the bait in yeast two-hybrid assay led us to identify an at2-interacting mouse fetus peptide that shared 98% amino acid identity with the corresponding region of the human nhe6. ncbi blast search showed that the clone 6430520c02 (genbank accession # ak032326) of the mou ...	2005	15808917