Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| regulation of cholera toxin production in vibrio cholerae: genetic analysis of phenotypic instability in hypertoxinogenic mutants. | hypertoxinogenic mutants of vibrio cholerae frequently possess mutations in a chromosomal locus called htx. spontaneously occurring phenotypic revertants were shown to fall into three classes. one class retained the htx mutation and therefore represented a second-site mutation(s) capable of suppressing the htx phenotype, whereas the other two classes represented strains that had lost the htx mutation. one of the latter two classes appeared to be composed of true genetic revertants, whereas the t ... | 1980 | 7364714 |
| cholera due to the e1 tor biotype equals the classical biotype in severity and attack rates. | 1980 | 7365863 | |
| lipopolysaccharides of r mutants isolated from vibria cholerae. | the chemical and serological properties of lipopolysaccharides isolated from the s form and from the r form of cholera vibrios were compared. it was found that the s-r mutation of cholera vibrios involves total elimination of the two component amino sugars of s-form lipopolysaccharides, i.e. quinovosamine and perosamine. this elimination resulted in the loss of o-specificity of s-form lipopolysaccharides and concomitant appearance of strong serological cross-reactivity, in the passive-haemolysis ... | 1980 | 7378055 |
| characterization of a flagellar sheath protein of vibrio cholerae. | a flagellar sheath protein of vibrio cholerae ca401 (inaba) was characterized. purity of the preparation was indicated by a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels and on ouchterlony plates prepared with antibody against crude sheath material. the sheath protein was composed of three polypeptides with minimal molecular weights of 61,500, 60,000, and 56,500. the presence of sheath protein on the flagellum as well as on the outer membrane of the cell was demonstrated by ferritin lab ... | 1980 | 7380541 |
| antitoxic immunity to cholera in dogs immunized orally with cholera toxin. | colera toxin was evaluated as an oral immunogen against experimental canine cholera. dogs were immunized orally with 100-microgram doses of purified cholera toxin or comparable doses of crude toxin. both doses caused moderate diarrhea in most nonimmune dogs. repeated oral doses (12 doses in 54 days) gave marked protection against the diarrheal effect of oral toxin, provoked a vigorous antitoxic response in jejunal mucosa, and gave nearly complete protection against subsequent oral challenge with ... | 1980 | 7380543 |
| isolation and characterization of melanin-producing (mel) mutants of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae strain htx-3, a hypertoxinogenic mutant of v. cholerae 569b inaba, produces a dark brown pigment under certain growth conditions, whereas strain 569b does not. we investigated the biochemical basis for this pigment production and the possible relationships between pigmentation and other phenotypic properties in v. cholerae. after mutagenesis of v. cholerae 569b with n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, 28 independently derived pigment-forming (mel) mutants were isolated and char ... | 1980 | 7380551 |
| evaluation of the phenol-induced flagellar agglutination test for the identification of the cholera group of vibrios. | applied routinely to 1081 recently isolated cultures, the phenol-induced slide-agglutination test (standard procedure) with flagellar antiserum corrently identified 98.9% of vibrio cholerae strains of o type-i and nag serotypes; 1.0% of cultures were unstable in phenol-saline. the incidence of instability and other types of defect was higher (7.3%) in older stock cultures. the majority of such strains were successfully tested by one of the three modified procedures. no cross-reactions were obser ... | 1980 | 7381922 |
| noncholera vibrio septicemia. | 1980 | 7385839 | |
| [accelerated radioisotope method of determining cholera vibrios' sensitivity to antibiotics]. | estimation of protein biosynthesis rate was used for rapid determination of vibrio cholerae sensitivity to tetracycline and chloramphenicol by comparison of the bacterial cell radioactivity in samples with and without the antibiotics. for the sensitivity determination the strains were grown for 30 minutes at a temperature of 37 degrees c in nutrient media with a 14c-amino acid and antibiotic. the data of the determination were indicative of at least 10-fold difference in the amount of the amino ... | 1980 | 7387130 |
| adenylate cyclase activity in toxinogenic & non-toxinogenic strains of vibrio cholerae. | 1980 | 7390566 | |
| isolation of a non-adhesive mutant of vibrio cholerae and chromosomal localization of the gene controlling mannose-sensitive adherence. | a mutant (cd11) of vibrio cholerae was isolated after exposure of a wild-type pathogenic strain (kb207) to n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. although the mutant was motile and chemotactic, it adhered poorly to rabbit intestinal mucosa. pretreatment of vibrios with 10 mg d-mannose ml-1 and of intestinal mucosa with 100 mmol sodium metaperiodate inhibited adherence of kb207 but not of cd11. the gene (ams) controlling mannose-sensitive adherence was mapped on the bacterial chromosome closely li ... | 1980 | 7391820 |
| [clinical features of recent cholera epidemics]. | 1980 | 7392223 | |
| isolation, enumeration, and characterization of aeromonas from polluted waters encountered in diving operations. | counts of total viable, aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria, indicator organisms, and aeromonas spp. were made at a diver training site on the anacostia river in washington, d.c. the numbers of aeromonas cells in anacostia river sediment and water increased during periods of elevated water temperature, to maxima of 4 x 10(5) cells per g of sediment and 300 cells per ml of water. correspondingly, aeromonas counts dropped 2 to 4 logs as the water temperature decreased to 0 to 0.5 degrees c. cultures t ... | 1980 | 7396482 |
| in vivo evaluation of pathogenicity of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio cholerae. | thirty-three minimally passaged clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio cholerae were examined for ability to survive and multiply in the upper bowel of infant mice and to elicit diarrhea. all of 21 smooth o-1 v. cholerae isolates from stool were able to multiply and elicit diarrhea. three rough strains isolated from stool were unable to multiply or to elicit diarrhea. two smooth o-1 isolates associated with cholera cases (from a sewer and a septic tank) also were able to cause disease. ho ... | 1980 | 7399688 |
| lincomycin increases synthetic rate and periplasmic pool size for cholera toxin. | increased enterotoxigenicity of vibrio cholerae 569b grown with low concentrations of lincomycin, previously described in terms of increased extracellular biological activity (capillary permeability factor and fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit ileal loops), was further characterized. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and single radial immunodiffusion showed that lincomycin-stimulated cells produced increased molar quantities of cholera toxin (ct) both extra- and intracellularly. the intracel ... | 1980 | 7400099 |
| ultraviolet- and sunlight-induced lipid peroxidation in liposomal membrane. | 1980 | 7403438 | |
| assessment of antibody responses and protective immunity in cholera vaccinated subjects. | cross-reactive antibody responses were assessed in volunteers vaccinated with classical inaba and ogawa cholera vaccines. the el tor, ogawa vibrios, the most often biotype, and serotype found to be the causative agent of cholera in thailand, or their product were used throughout the in vitro and in vivo tests. the test involved were the passive hemagglutination test, vibriocidal tests and the mouse protection test. classes of specific immunoglobulins produced in the volunteers were determined us ... | 1980 | 7403955 |
| accessibility of plasma membrane sialoglycoconjugates of novikoff tumor cells to exogenous neuraminidase and proteases. | plasma membrane glycoconjugates of novikoff tumor cells were radioactively labeled by oxidation with naio4 followed by reduction with nab3h4 submission of the radioactively labeled glycoconjugates to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate followed by fluorography revealed the presence of at least ten major glycoproteins and a glycolipid fraction. the glycolipid fraction contained 34% of the cell-surface radioactive label. pretreatment of cells with neuramini ... | 1980 | 7407104 |
| [divergence of the genomes of closely related vibrio strains]. | 1980 | 7407264 | |
| [biological properties of the l forms of cholera and nag vibrios]. | 1980 | 7412608 | |
| [converting properties of cholera phages type viii]. | 1980 | 7412609 | |
| composition and immunochemical properties of outer membrane proteins of vibrio cholerae. | the protein compositions of the outer membranes of various vibrio cholerae strains, belonging to both biotypes (el tor and classical) and both serotypes (ogawa and inaba), were analyzed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide slab gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. all these strains contained a major protein band of molecular weight 48,000. but they differed in the composition and proportions of minor proteins. the outer membrane protein profile was influenced by the growth medium. a p ... | 1980 | 7419491 |
| fulminating systemic infection caused by vibrio cholerae species which does not agglutinate with 0-1 v. cholerae antiserum. | a case of fatal septicaemia caused by vibrio cholerae which did not agglutinate with 0 group 1 v. cholerae antiserum is presented. the illness occurred in a 64-year-old aboriginal woman from aurukun mission in cape york. the organism was isolated from multiple blood cultures and urine during life, and froma a large hepatic abscess found post mortem. the pathogenicity and epidemiology of the organism is discussed. | 1980 | 7421625 |
| r-factor carriage in a group f vibrio isolated from bangladesh. | two group f vibrio organisms have been identified among a collection of vibrio strains isolated from the aquatic environment in bangladesh. neither group f strain produced a cholera-like enterotoxin. one of the isolates, bv12, contained an r plasmid conferring resistance to streptomycin and chloramphenicol. | 1980 | 7425610 |
| cholera toxin is synthesized in precursor form on free polysomes in vibrio cholerae 569b. | membrane-bound and free polysomes have been isolated from vibrio cholerae 569b. nacent polypeptide chains were completed in a cell-free translation mixture containing escherichia coli s-300 extracts and [3h]leucine or [35s]methionine. cholera toxin-related polypeptides synthesized in vitro were immunologically detected after treatment with either anti-subunit a or anti-subunit b serum. immunoreactive translation products were removed from reaction mixtures with formalinized cowan's strain of sta ... | 1980 | 7430064 |
| halophilic vibrios from human tissue infections on the pacific coast of australia. | inshore sea waters harbour a variety of halophilic bacteria which increase in the warmer seasons. ten vibrio alginolyticus, 3 v. parahaemolyticus and 3 lactose-fermenting (l +) strains of vibrio were isolated in 3 yr from wound and ear infections, salpingitis and sputum in 2 coastal towns; 14 isolations were in summer. clinically the cases resembled ordinary pyogenic infections. the api 20e kit and determination of nacl tolerance permitted identification of the strains with reasonable confidence ... | 1980 | 7432818 |
| isolation of o1 serovars of vibrio cholerae from water by serologically specific method. | vibrio cholerae bacteria of the serological variety o1 were consistently isolated from water samples by passing the water with added tween 20 through columns packed with polystyrene beads coated with antibodies against the o1 antigenic determinants. the beads from the columns were washed, transferred to alkaline peptone broth, and incubated. the o1 serovars were isolated and identified by established procedures. | 1980 | 7434013 |
| effects of antibody to vibrio cholerae el tor hemolysin on pathological changes of the intestines in cholera. | pathological abnormalities of the infant mouse small intestines were evident after v.cholerae el tor, ogawa, infection. these were revealed by an enteritis manifested by mononuclear cells containing inflammatory exudate, intervillous blood capillary congestion, marked increase in goblet cells, desquamation of epithelium and diapedesis of cells. mice received v.cholerae pretreated with high concentration of antihemolysin, though developed diarrhea, had marked decrease in pathological severity. th ... | 1980 | 7434077 |
| protection afforded by anti-hemolysin against v. cholerae el tor infection in experimental cholera. | specific antisera to v. cholerae el tor hemolysin were prepared. the sera exhibited the following characteristics: formed a single precipitin band in immunoelectrophoresis against the crude preparation of hemolysin, had no passive hemagglutinating antibodies against v. cholerae lps sensitized cells, possessed neutralizing property to the homologous hemolysin, and afforded some small degree of protection to oral challenge of v. cholerae el tor in experimental animals. | 1980 | 7434081 |
| new media for the isolation of vibrio cholerae. | the new media are recommended for the isolation of cholera vibrios. the medium for vibrio el tor contains only starch, gelatin polymyxin b and natrium chloride and has no nutrient or inhibitor substances such as peptone, meat extract, yeast extract, blood, natrium taurocholate and bile salts. the medium for vibrio cholerae contains starch, gelatin, natrium taurocholate and potassium tellurite, but has no peptone, meat extract, yeast extract or polymyxin b. | 1980 | 7434994 |
| [amino acid utilization by cholera vibrios during multiplication in a yeast growth medium]. | 1980 | 7435016 | |
| [lysogenic conversion of cholera vibrios]. | as a result of ultraviolet irradiation and treatment with nitrosmethyl urea, mitomycin c, ascorbic acid and sarcolysin, the elimination of prophage from wild lysogenic vibrio cholerae strains, biotype el tor, has been achieved. the elimination of prophage was accompanied by a change in the biological properties of the vibrios, and some of these biological properties were found to be correlated with the lysogenization of vibrio cholerae by the definite races of temperate phages. only a few races ... | 1980 | 7435018 |
| hemagglutination and structural polypeptides of a new coronavirus associated with diarrhea in infant mice. | the hemagglutination (ha) and receptor destroying enzyme (rde) activities of a newly isolated mouse enteric coronavirus (designated as dvim) are described. dvim agglutinates mouse or rat red blood cells (rbc) at 4 degrees c. at 37 degrees c the agglutination was rapidly reversed. the optimal ph for ha and for rde activities using mouse red cells were shown to be 6.5 and 7.3 respectively. hemagglutination by dvim was not inhibited by pretreatment of rbcs with vibrio cholerae filtrate or by pretre ... | 1980 | 7436741 |
| biological activities of chemically modified endotoxins from vibrio cholerae. | lipopolysaccharides from vibrio cholerae, nih 41, ogawa 5321 and inaba 66/64 were treated with succinic anhydride, phthalic anhydride and dinitrophenyl ethylene diamine, and the resultant derivatives, sodium succinyl lipopolysaccharide, sodium phthalyl lipopolysaccharide, and dinitrohpenyl lipopolysaccharide obtained respectively were investigated for various biological activities. the succinylation and phthalylation of lipopolysaccharide decreased the 3-hydroxy lauric acid, a major ester-linked ... | 1980 | 7437452 |
| studies on the partial structure of the o-antigen of vibrio cholera, inaba 569 b. | five oligosaccharides were isolated in pure state from the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholera, inaba 569 b, the their structures were elucidated. more-detailed information regarding the partial structure of the lipopolysaccharide, containing glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid, 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose, d-glycero-l-mannoheptose, and d-glycero-l-gluco-heptose, was obtained through smith degradation, chromium trioxide oxidation, and graded hydrolysis studies of the lipopolysaccharide and its derived ... | 1980 | 7438130 |
| improved protection against cholera in adult rabbits with a combined flagellar-toxoid vaccine. | ligated ileal loops of adult rabbits were used to evaluate the prophylactic potential against cholera of a combined vaccine consisting of toxin-free crude flagella (cf) and glutaraldehyde-derived cholera toxoid (tv). the resulting fluid accumulation ratios were compared with those in rabbits immunized with saline (controls) and with cf and tv alone. data for single vaccines confirmed the superior protection effect of cf over tv. in rabbits vaccinated with both cf and tv, maximal fluid accumulati ... | 1980 | 7439983 |
| different secretory immunoglobulin a antibody responses to cholera vaccination in swedish and pakistani women. | the capacity of subcutaneous cholera vaccination to induce an antibody response in milk and saliva was studied in lactating swedish and pakistani women, since secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) antibody responses in these secretions may reflect intestinal immunity. before immunization, most of the pakistani women had significant titers of specific siga antibodies against vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccharide in milk, whereas only a few of the swedish women had measurable, low titers. in the pakistan ... | 1980 | 7439987 |
| spectrophotometric characteristics of cholera phage phi2 dna. | purified preparations of cholera bacteriophage phi2 were treated with cold phenol and the nucleic acid examined for its hydroxyapatite chromatographic pattern, thermal denaturation profile, base composition and mol. wt. | 1980 | 7441207 |
| lymphocyte blastogenic response to autologous tumor cells pretreated with neuraminidase in patients with gastric carcinoma. | the effect of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) treatment of tumor cells on lymphoblastic response was studied using the assay of mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell reaction in 24 patients with gastric carcinoma. lymphoblastic responses as indicated by stimulation index were significantly augmented in cultures with autologous tumor cells pretreated with mitomycin (mmc) and vcn as compared to those pretreated with mmc alone when cultured in the presence of normal plasma (p < 0.05). in autologous plasm ... | 1980 | 7443164 |
| [delayed hypersensitivity in the chronic cholera vibrio carrier state in animals with an absence of normal microflora]. | the development of allergy in germ-free rats in chronic vibriocarriership was studied. the formation of specific delayed type hypersensitivity was found to occur to a limited extent in the animals devoid of normal microflora. the picture of hyperergic inflammation was revealed in the lymph nodes of vibriocarrier rats, the test for specific allergen being positive. | 1980 | 7445851 |
| [method of extracting cholera toxin from solid media containing cultured vibrios]. | the possibility of obtaining biologically active cholerogen by extracting it from solid culture media used for the cultivation of vibrios is shown. v. cholerae, strain 569b, cultivated on solid media produced about 3 times more toxin per 1 ml of the culture medium than during the process of its cultivation with the use of liquid culture media. the inculation temperature proved to have no essential influence on the toxin production by vibrios. | 1980 | 7445852 |
| [differentiation of bacteria of the genus aeromonas from other representatives of the vibrionaceae family on the basis of their dna]. | by comparing the data on the nucleotide composition of dna, and the phenotypic characteristics, most of the representatives of the genus aeromonas were clearly differentiated from nag vibrios isolated in the process of sanitary control of the environment. at the same time some microorganisms with the aeromonas phenotype, but having a different dna structure were detected. the use of the method of molecular dna hybridization indicated that these bacteria were the taxons analogous to the genus aer ... | 1980 | 7445866 |
| [seasonal fluctuations in the enteropathogenic properties of vibrios]. | seasonal biorhythms with the intermittent periods of activity and rest in the manifestation of the enteropathogenic properties of cholera and nag vibrios have been revealed. in the climatic conditions of the rostov region the period of maximum activity in respect of this characteristic is shown to fall on spring and summer, while the period to rest is shown to fall on autumn and winter. in highly toxigenic cultures the phase of rest has been found to be considerably shorter than in cultures with ... | 1980 | 7445877 |
| survival of vibrio cholerae of food and tobacco. | 1980 | 7448456 | |
| the microheterogeneity of human plasma alpha1-acid glycoprotein. | alpha1-acid glycoprotein was isolated in the homogeneous state from the plasma of 33 normal individuals and subjected to analytical isoelectric focusing before and after treatment with neuraminidase. the native glycoprotein preparations, resolved into 6 to 8 bands, were quantitated and grouped into two classes according to the patterns obtained: one class exhibited a relatively anodic and the other a relatively cathodic distribution of the protein bands. the isoelectric points of these bands ran ... | 1980 | 7450676 |
| micro-necrotic foci in regression of a murine calvarium transplantable tumor. 2. enzymatic modification of the transformed calvarium cell immunological characteristics. | the experiments reported in this communication examined the immunological properties of cell lines cultured under (a) normal, physiological (cont.cal) and (b) experimental, non-physiological (expt.cal) conditions described in the preceeding paper. determination of oncogenicity, humoral and cellular immunity of the cultures at various subcultures induced in syngeneic, unconditioned cfw1 mice, showed differences between cells from the two conditions. cells grown under the experimental conditions ( ... | 1980 | 7453860 |
| micro-necrotic foci in regression of a murine calvarium transplantable tumor. 3. histological characteristics of the micro-necrotic foci. | the experiments reported in this communication correlate histiocytes and plasma cells infiltration into the implantation site of expt.cal cells, with formation of micro-necrotic foci and tumor regression. subcutaneous implantation of any subculture from cont.cal cells produced lesions which disappeared 48 to 72 hours later. cont.cal cells from any subculture produced no tumors. after several subcultures and upon subcutaneous implantation of expt.cal cells lesions were formed which develop into s ... | 1980 | 7453861 |
| [conclusions drawn from the recent outbreak of cholera in eastern africa]. | 1980 | 7456991 | |
| [experimental study on the survival of vibrio cholerae (el-tor biotype) in sea-water]. | experimental studies on survival of vibrio cholerae in untreated sea-water reveal that they remain alive at least one week. a somewhat longer survival (up to 3 weeks) could be observed if these bacteria were kept in sea-water sterilized by filtration. but if sea-water is autoclaved, cholera vibrios may keep their vitality for periods at least 6 months. our observations lead to the conclusion that untreated sea-water may contains some filtrable thermolabile factor killing cholera vibrios. yet the ... | 1980 | 7460125 |
| interaction of bacteriophage phi 149 with vibrios. | 1980 | 7461684 | |
| a note on the fate of el tor cholera and other vibrios in percolating filters. | 1980 | 7462121 | |
| identification and preliminary characterization of vibrio cholerae outer membrane proteins. | outer membrane proteins of vibrio cholerae were purified by sucrose density centrifugation and triton x-100 extraction at 10 mm mg2+. the proteins were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. v. cholerae outer membrane proteins presented a unique pattern when compared with the patterns of other gram-negative rods. there were 8 to 10 major bands (mr 94,000 to 27,000), with most of the protein located in band 5 (mr approximately 45,000), which thu ... | 1981 | 7462157 |
| epidemiological usefulness of changes in hemolytic activity of vibrio cholerae biotype el tor during the seventh pandemic. | hemolytic vibrio cholerae biotype el tor strains were isolated in the united states in 1973 and 1978 after they had supposedly disappeared worldwide during the 1960s and 1970s. we decided to examine the change in prevalence of hemolytic el tor strains since the beginning of the seventh pandemic and evaluate the usefulness of hemolytic activity as an epidemiological marker. a total of 48 isolates of v. cholerae biotype el tor isolated in the eastern hemisphere between 1960 and 1979, along with 1 ... | 1981 | 7462409 |
| emergence of multiply antibiotic-resistant vibrio cholerae in bangladesh. | in december 1979, a vibrio cholerae o1 resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was obtained from a patient with cholera at the matlab hospital, bangladesh. all 256 isolates of v. cholerae o1 stocked in the previous six months were tested for antibiotic sensitivity: 54 were resistant to tetracycline, and 44 of these were resistant to all five antibiotics. the clinical presentation and hospital course for 51 patients with resistant strains ... | 1980 | 7462703 |
| cholera on nauru. possible non-point source transmission. | an outbreak of vibrio cholerae, serotype ogawa, biotype el tor, was experienced on the coral atoll of nauru in the central pacific. primary water-borne transmission was unlikely because the population was supplied with water from individual rainwater catchment tanks and surveillance of the tanks of patients and persons with asymptomatic infection showed no evidence of contamination with v. cholerae. a matched pair, case-control study suggested a food-borne point source for transmission also was ... | 1980 | 7464602 |
| location of tumoral antigens in l5178y murine lymphoma cells. | location of neoplasia specific tumoral antigens (ane) were investigated in l5178y murine cells. cells were treated by means of concanavalin a (coa), vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (nvc) or a combination of both (coa-nvc) and were inactivated by 6,000 rad irradiation. with 5 x 10(6) treated cells four groups, 15 mice in each group of the balb/c strain were immunized weekly and 10 days latter immunity to l5178y lymphoma cells was tested by means of intraperitoneal inoculation of 5 x 10(7) intact, v ... | 1980 | 7469659 |
| [causative agent of the so-called "light disease of shrimps" is luminescent vibrio cholerae non-o1]. | a number of luminous fresh-water shrimps were found in a fish preserve in lake biwa, shiga prefecture, in the middle of july, 1994, and most of them died within several hours after collection (the so-called "light disease of shrimp"). four luminous organisms were isolated from a dead shrimp. although the phenotypic properties of these strains were similar to those of v. cholerae or v. mimicus, a representative strain, 838-94, was shown to have a high level (79%) of dna homology with v. cholerae ... | 1995 | 7474354 |
| [detection of bacterial protein toxins by a bead-elisa]. | a highly sensitive bead-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect bacterial protein toxins was developed. fab' of anti-toxin igg was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase by the maleimide method and tetramethylbenzidine was used as a substrate. as the solid phase, a 6.5 mm diameter polystyrene bead was used and this was coated with the anti-toxin igg. the sensitivities of the bead-elisa for various bacterial protein toxins were as follows: less than 40 pg/ml for cholera enterotoxin (ct), less ... | 1995 | 7474396 |
| [adhesins from vibrio cholerae: phenotypic analysis and genetic control of synthesis]. | 1995 | 7477034 | |
| [phenotypic analysis of two morphologically different types of vibrio cholerae 0139 colonies]. | a clinical isolate vibrio cholerae p16064 serogroup 0139 was shown to produce two different kinds of colonies: opaque encapsulated and translucent devoid of capsule. low virulence of translucent colonies seems to be due to not only loss of capsule which determines serum resistance, but also to decreased expression of genes controlling the motility, and production of protease and mannose-sensitive adhesion pili. analysis of the lysogenic properties of the two types of colonies permitted us to pro ... | 1995 | 7477037 |
| genetic rearrangements in the rfb regions of vibrio cholerae o1 and o139. | the recent emergence of a pathogenic new non-o1 serotype (o139) of vibrio cholerae has led to numerous studies in an attempt to identify the origins of this new strain. our studies indicate that o139 strains have clear differences in the surface polysaccharides when compared with o1 strains: the lipopolysaccharide can be described as semi-rough. southern hybridization with the o1 rfb region demonstrates that o139 strains no longer contain any of the rfb genes required for the synthesis of the o1 ... | 1995 | 7479787 |
| outbreak of vibrio cholerae 01 in hong kong related to contaminated fish tank water. | an outbreak of 12 cholera cases, caused by vibrio cholerae eltor inaba, occurred in hong kong during a three week period in june-july 1994. only adults of both sexes were affected. epidemiological investigations showed linkage in all cases with consumption of seafood, including shellfish, mantis shrimps and crabs. microbiological findings demonstrated that contaminated seawater in fish tanks used for keeping alive these seafoods is the most likely vehicle of transmission. aggressive control meas ... | 1995 | 7480605 |
| acute acalculous cholecystitis due to vibrio cholerae. | the case of a 57-year-old woman admitted with symptoms and signs suggesting an intestinal infection caused by vibrio cholerae, and who also developed a clinical picture compatible with acute cholecystitis, is presented. cholera was diagnosed by examining a fresh sample of stools and cultures. an abdominal sonogram disclosed signs of acute acalculous cholecystitis. she underwent cholecystectomy, and cultures of a clear fluid and a "milky" sediment found within the gallbladder were also positive f ... | 1995 | 7482176 |
| necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock caused by vibrio cholerae acquired in san diego, california. | 1995 | 7483603 | |
| vibrio cholerae in the horn of africa: epidemiology, plasmids, tetracycline resistance gene amplification, and comparison between o1 and non-o1 strains. | the prevalence of vibrio cholerae o1 and non-o1 has been investigated in numerous somali regions of the horn of africa from 1983 to 1990. from january 1983 to january 1985 and between december 1986 and december 1990, no strains of v. cholerae o1 and 226 strains (5.3%) of v. cholerae non-o1 were isolated from 4,295 diarrhea cases. during a cholera epidemic in 1985 and 1986, the overall case-fatality rate was 13% and the attack rate was 3-3.5 per 1,000 population. matched case-control studies iden ... | 1995 | 7485686 |
| uptake and retention of vibrio cholerae o1 in the eastern oyster, crassostrea virginica. | vibrio cholerae 01, the causative agent of cholera, is known to persist in estuarine environments as endogenous microflora. the recent introduction of v. cholerae 01 into estuaries of the north and south american continents has stimulated the need to determine the effect of controlled purification on reducing this pathogen in edible molluscan shellfish. experiments defined parameters for the uptake and retention of v. cholerae 01 in tissues of crassostrea virginica, and these parameters were com ... | 1995 | 7487003 |
| enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences and the pcr to generate fingerprints of genomic dnas from vibrio cholerae o1, o139, and non-o1 strains. | enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) sequence polymorphism was studied in vibrio cholerae strains isolated before and after the cholera epidemic in brazil (in 1991), along with epidemic strains from peru, mexico, and india, by pcr. a total of 17 fingerprint patterns (fps) were detected in the v. cholerae strains examined; 96.7% of the toxigenic v. cholerae o1 strains and 100% of the o139 serogroup strains were found to belong to the same fp group comprising four fragments (fp1) ... | 1995 | 7487023 |
| targeting of cholera toxin and escherichia coli heat labile toxin in polarized epithelia: role of cooh-terminal kdel. | vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli heat labile toxins (ct and lt) elicit a secretory response from intestinal epithelia by binding apical receptors (ganglioside gm1) and subsequently activating basolateral effectors (adenylate cyclase). we have recently proposed that signal transduction in polarized cells may require transcytosis of toxin-containing membranes (lencer, w. i., g. strohmeier, s. moe, s. l. carlson, c. t. constable, and j. l. madara. 1995. proc. natl. acad. sci. usa. 92:10094-1009 ... | 1995 | 7490296 |
| quartz crystal microbalance detection of vibrio cholerae o139 serotype. | a piezoelectric (pz) quartz crystal microbalance (qcm) biosensor for the rapid detection of vibrio cholerae serotype o139 has been developed. the antibody to this serotype was immobilized on the gold transducer surface of a 10 mhz at cut pz crystal. solutions containing known antigen concentrations were then incubated for 1 h on the antibody-bound transducer. the biosensor was able to detect 10(5) cells per ml of o139 versus a background of o1 (ogawa) serotype. | 1995 | 7490448 |
| [vibrio cholera (vibrio cholerae non-01) isolated in poland from the bug river]. | non-01 cholera vibrios for the first time has been isolated from freshwater in poland. in october 1994 during bacteriological examination of bug water by a two-step enrichment method in alkaline peptone water at ph 8.6 and tcbs. repeated examination in november, december and january in the same and other locations among the polish-ukrainian borderline revealed persistence of v. cholerae in the river; 22 strains were isolated. all 22 strains were identical to v. cholerae e1 tor 01 ogawa reference ... | 1995 | 7491417 |
| [mexican phenotype and genotype vibrio cholerae 01]. | this paper presents the phenotypical and genotypical characterization of 26922 vibrio cholerae 01 strains isolated in mexico from 1991 to 1993. all strains isolated were el tor biovar. strains were sensitive to antibiotics excluding furazolidone, streptomycin and sulfisoxasole to which we found resistance in 97% and we are using this characteristic as epidemiological markers. we detected a marked change in frequency of inaba serotype from 1991, when it was dominant, with 99.5%, until 1992 when o ... | 1995 | 7493738 |
| induction of heat shock response in vibrio cholerae. | general properties of the heat shock response in vibrio cholerae were examined. enhanced or de novo synthesis of 24 proteins was observed upon heat shock from 30 degrees c to 42 degrees c in cells labelled with [35s]methionine. a similar response could also be induced by a rise in temperature from 30 degrees c to 37 degrees c. of these heat shock proteins, two were determined to be homologues of groel and dnak, based upon their immunological cross-reactivity with antibodies raised against the es ... | 1995 | 7496521 |
| production, characterization, and application of monoclonal antibodies to vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal. | mouse monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were derived against acetone-treated whole cells of the newly recognized vibrio cholerae o139 serogroup which is causing epidemics of cholera-like disease in india and bangladesh. four mabs specifically recognized the lipopolysaccharide antigens of v. cholerae o139. mabs icl9 and icl13 were of the immunoglobulin m (igm) isotype, icl11 was of the igg3 isotype, and icl12 was of the ig2b isotype. a fifth mab, icl10, of the igg2b isotype cross-reacted with v. chole ... | 1994 | 7496922 |
| extinction of vibrio cholerae in acidic substrata: contaminated fish marinated with lime juice (ceviche). | millions of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor were rapidly eliminated when added to commercial ceviche prepared by marination of mahi-mahi fish in lime juice. likewise, large masses of viable vibrios present in laboratory contaminated fish, were readily eliminated after immersion in lime juice, during the preparation of ceviche. the killing effect was evident within 5 min of exposure of vibrios to lime juice, with reductions of more than 99.9% of the initial bacterial mass. after 2 h of marination of fi ... | 1994 | 7501869 |
| extinction of vibrio cholerae in acidic substrata: contaminated cabbage and lettuce treated with lime juice. | lime juice killed millions of vibrio cholerae o1, el tor, inaba, present on cabbage and lettuce contaminated in the laboratory. the lethal effect was evident within 5 min of exposure to lime juice. no vibrios could be recovered at dilution 1:10 using alkaline peptone water (apw) and thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-saccharose agar (tcbs). more than 99.9% of the initial inoculum was effectively destroyed. the number of vibrios killed by lime juice was 2 to 6 logarithms greater than the maximum infe ... | 1994 | 7501870 |
| why do we not yet have a suitable vaccine against cholera? | the available options, past and present, of cholera vaccines have been summarized above. it is saddening but clear that, more than a century after the introduction of the first cholera vaccine, we still do not have available a suitable vaccine against cholera. the currently raging and expanding new epidemic of cholera in the western hemisphere dramatically illustrates anew the need, although a new illustration is not necessary if one but considers the innumerable, but unnecessary, victims of cho ... | 1995 | 7502872 |
| o-antigenic lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o139 bengal, a new epidemic strain for recent cholera in the indian subcontinent. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) from vibrio cholerae o139 bengal contained colitose (3,6-dideoxy-l-galactose) in addition to glucose, l-glycero-d-manno-heptose, fructose, glucosamine and quinovosamine in its polysaccharide and only glucosamine in lipid a, while perosamine, a characteristic component sugar of v. cholerae o1 lps, was absent. 3-hydroxydodecanoic, tetradecanoic and hexadecanoic acids as ester-bound fatty acids and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid as amide-bound fatty acid were identified in the ... | 1993 | 7504475 |
| structural studies of the vibrio cholerae o:5 o-antigen polysaccharide. | the o-polysaccharide from vibrio cholerae o:5 has been investigated, using nmr spectroscopy as the main method. fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (fabms) studies of fragments obtained on treatment with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride or methanolic hydrogen chloride gave further structural information. some structural features were also determined by comparison of nuclear overhauser enhancement (noe) contacts with calculated h-h distance in different oligosaccharide models. it is concluded that ... | 1993 | 7504579 |
| immunogenicity of vibrio cholerae o1 fimbriae in animal and human cholera. | parenteral immunization with either formalin-fixed whole cells of the fimbriate bgd17 strain or purified fimbriae protected against vibrio cholerae o1 infection in rabbits, independent of biotype and serotype. parenteral immunization of adult rabbits with purified fimbriae prior to v. cholerae o1 challenge resulted in a reduction of 2 to 3 orders of magnitude in the number of bacteria recovered from the small intestines of immunized rabbits in comparison to non-immunized controls. igg and iga an ... | 1993 | 7505875 |
| entero-cytolysin (ec) from vibrio cholerae non-o1 (some properties and pore-forming activity). | a thermolabile extracellular entero-cytolysin (ec) from vibrio cholerae non-o1 was purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation, de-52 cellulose ion exchange chromatography, gel-filtration on ultrogel aca-44 and high performance liquid chromatography on a mono q. the purified ec had a molecular weight of 63 kd and an isoelectric point of 6.2. it was not inactivated by cholesterol or 5,5'-dithio-bis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), nor activated by dithiothreitol. ec had no immunological cross-reactivity wit ... | 1993 | 7508299 |
| [simplified vibriocidal antibody titer performed on a drop of blood]. | we report a simplified technique for vibriocidal antibody test in underprivileged people in tropical area. the test is performed on a drop of blood sampled on a disc of blotting paper. it avoid taking of large quantities of blood in timid underfed people who are often solicited. its reading is rapid and easy by the naked eye owing to staining viable germs violet by the neotetrazolium succinate. tested in mice and humans, the simplified method gave data well correlated to those obtained with the ... | 1993 | 7510156 |
| modified camp test for biogrouping vibrio cholerae o1 strains and distinguishing them from strains of v. cholerae non-o1. | a modified camp test was used to identify 973 vibrio cholerae isolates by phenotype. eltor and non-o1 strains were camp positive; classical strains were camp negative. sausage-shaped zones of hemolysis of eltor strains were easily distinguished from narrower bands of non-o1 isolates. for o1 isolates, there was 100% agreement between the camp test and inhibition by polymyxin b. | 1994 | 7510310 |
| comparison of vibrio cholerae o139 with v. cholerae o1 classical and el tor biotypes. | vibrio cholerae o139 is a recently identified non-o1 v. cholerae strain responsible for outbreaks of epidemic cholera in india, bangladesh, and thailand in the past 2 years. other workers have demonstrated the presence of the cholera toxin genetic element in v. cholerae o139, unlike the situation for other non-o1 v. cholerae strains. we sought to compare further this strain with strains of v. cholerae o1, classical and el tor biotypes, by classic microbiologic methods, southern blot analysis for ... | 1994 | 7510671 |
| a microplate assay for sialidase activity using plant lectin binding to n-acetyllactosamine. | this paper presents a sensitive assay for sialidase activity based on the specific binding of lecting to n-acetyllactosamine. the substrate used for sialidase assay is fetuin (30-100 ng/50 microliters) with sialylated oligosaccharides, which was then coated on a 96-well microtiterplate. after removing sialic acids from the terminal positions of the glycoconjugate glycans by sialidase, it was subjected to biotin-labeled lectin (ricinus communis agglutinin 120), which binds specifically to n-acety ... | 1994 | 7511958 |
| immunochemical properties of vibrio cholerae lps. | immunochemical analysis of lps isolated from vibrio cholerae o1 and non o1 showed that this macromolecular complex shares common antigenic epitopes in the sugar moiety. the epitopes can be detected after mild alkaline hydrolysis of lps in vitro. membrane-associating activity of both o1 and non o1 lps did not indicate any differences of the species. | 1993 | 7512065 |
| induction of adaptive response by nitrofurantoin against oxidative dna damage in some bacterial cells. | pretreatment with a sublethal dose of nitrofurantoin did not give any protection to vibrio cholerae ogawa 154 (wild-type) cells against subsequent treatment with challenging doses of mnng and vice versa. however, pretreatment with a sublethal dose of nitrofurantoin offered significant protection to the bacterial cells against subsequent treatment with challenging doses of h2o2 and vice versa. further, sublethal doses of nitrofurantoin or h2o2 produced almost the same degree of protection against ... | 1994 | 7513062 |
| neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to an extracellular pseudomonas cepacia protease. | pseudomonas cepacia produces at least two extracellular proteases with apparent molecular masses of 36,000 and 40,000 da. the 36-kda protease has high proteolytic activity and the 40-kda protease has low proteolytic activity with hide powder azure as a substrate. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were raised against the purified 36- and 40-kda proteases. several mabs directed against the 36-kda protease were found to recognize the 40-kda protease by western immunoblot analysis. similarly, a mab direc ... | 1994 | 7516312 |
| involvement of the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase encoded by the salmonella enterica rfbp gene in o-antigen subunit processing. | rfbt of salmonella enterica lt2 was previously thought, together with rfal, to be involved in the ligation of polymerized o antigen to core-lipid a, and three mutants were known. we report the mapping of the mutations to rfbp, the galactosyl-1-phosphate transferase gene, which is now shown to encode a bifunctional protein. the mutations which have the former rfbt phenotype are referred to as rfbp(t). we also show that rfbp(t) mutants are not blocked in the ligation step as previously believed bu ... | 1994 | 7517393 |
| molecular analysis of rrna and cholera toxin genes carried by the new epidemic strain of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal. | vibrio cholerae o139 synonym bengal recently caused large epidemics of cholera-like disease in bangladesh and india. we compared the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of ctxa and rrna genes (ribotypes) in 27 isolates of v. cholerae o139 from patients in bangladesh and india with those of 48 isolates of v. cholerae o1 from patients and 21 v. cholerae isolates from surface waters in bangladesh, which included 2 o139 and 19 other non-o1 isolates. ribotyping of the isolates with bgli reveale ... | 1994 | 7517950 |
| [the role of neuraminidase in the development of a dermonecrotic effect when vibrio cholerae antigens are used]. | 1993 | 7520652 | |
| improved synthesis and the crystal structure of methyl 4,6-dideoxy-4-(3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronamido)-alpha-d-mannopyrano side, the methyl alpha-glycoside of the intracatenary repeating unit of the o-polysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o:1. | the crude product of deamination of the commercially available l-homoserine was acetylated and the 2-o-acetyl-3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronolactone (18) formed was used to n-acylate methyl perosaminide (methyl 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-d-mannopyranoside, 12) and its 2,3-o-isopropylidene derivative. the major product isolated from the reaction was the crystalline methyl 4-(4-o-acetyl-3-deoxy-l-glycero-tetronamido)-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-d-+ ++mannopyranoside (1, 70-75%) resulting from acetyl group migratio ... | 1994 | 7520833 |
| unusual in vivo turnover of transfer rna in vibrio cholerae. | two lines of evidence suggest that, unlike in other organisms, the transfer rnas of vibrio cholerae undergo rapid turnover in vivo. firstly, the trna content of v. cholerae cells treated with rifampicin (an inhibitor of initiation of rna synthesis) decreased rapidly and continuously. secondly, the newly synthesized trnas were rapidly degraded even under normal conditions of growth; the average half life of trna was 11.8 min. the degradation is mediated by an enzyme(s), present in v. cholerae cyt ... | 1994 | 7521249 |
| identification of a toxr-activated gene, tage, that lies within the accessory colonization factor gene cluster of vibrio cholerae o395. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence has been determined for a vibrio cholerae toxr-activated gene designated tage that is located within a cluster of genes required for efficient intestinal colonization. the tage gene encompasses 909 nt and is predicted to encode a 303-amino-acid (aa) protein with an estimated molecular mass of 34,468 da. computer-assisted similarity searches revealed that tage possesses aa sequence similarity with escherichia coli orfu and staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin, two prot ... | 1994 | 7523253 |
| identification of a vibrio cholerae toxr-activated gene (tagd) that is physically linked to the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) gene cluster. | the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp)-encoding gene cluster (tcp) specifies a type-iv pilus that is a major colonization determinant of vibrio cholerae. we have identified a gene 200 bp upstream from the tcp cluster that requires toxr for expression. we have designated this gene tagd (toxr-activated gene) and have shown that tagd is encoded on a 600-nt transcript. the deduced tagd product is a 164-amino-acid polypeptide (20 kda). interestingly, tagd shares a high degree of similarity to a protein of ... | 1994 | 7523254 |
| [monitoring of halophilic vibrios in sea waters of the northern coasts of the province of rome]. | 1993 | 7524555 | |
| isolation and structural analysis of oligosaccharide phosphates containing the complete carbohydrate chain of the lipopolysaccharide from vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1). | for the first time, an oligosaccharide has been prepared comprising the lipid a backbone, the core oligosaccharide and one repeating unit of the o-specific polysaccharide (o-chain) of a lipopolysaccharide. lipopolysaccharide from vibrio cholerae strain h11 (non-o1) was deacylated and the products were separated by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography. major fractions were a hexadecasaccharide trisphosphate 1, representing the core-lipid a oligosaccharide substituted by one modified rep ... | 1994 | 7525284 |
| insertion of a hiv-1-neutralizing epitope in a surface-exposed internal region of the cholera toxin b-subunit. | the non-toxic b-subunit of cholera toxin (ctb) is a powerful immunogen and has been investigated as a carrier for foreign peptide epitopes, with peptides genetically fused to either the n- or c terminus of ctb. in the present study, we have constructed a plasmid encoding a novel intrachain ctb fusion protein with a peptide epitope inserted into an internal region of ctb: eight amino acids (aa) in ctb (56-63) were substituted with a 10-aa peptide from the third variable (v3) loop of the hiv-1 env ... | 1994 | 7525413 |
| delineation and comparison of ganglioside-binding epitopes for the toxins of vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and clostridium tetani: evidence for overlapping epitopes. | binding studies of various glycolipids, mainly belonging to the ganglio series, to the toxins isolated from vibrio cholerae, escherichia coli, and clostridium tetani have been performed, using the microtiter well assay. by using the found binding preferences in conjunction with minimum-energy conformations obtained from molecular modeling of the various ligands, binding epitopes on the natural receptor glycolipids for the toxins have been defined. the binding preferences for the cholera toxin an ... | 1994 | 7527546 |
| molecular subtyping of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o139 causing epidemic cholera in india and bangladesh, 1992-1993. | since october 1992, > 150,000 cases of cholera have been reported from india and bangladesh; the great majority of vibrio cholerae isolates belong to the newly established serogroup o139. to better understand the interaction of genetic and epidemiologic factors responsible for their sudden appearance and rapid spread, representative toxigenic v. cholerae o139 isolates were molecularly characterized and compared with a set of toxigenic v. cholerae o1 and non-o1/non-o139 strains. dna sequences of ... | 1995 | 7528249 |
| the capsule and o antigen in vibrio cholerae o139 bengal are associated with a genetic region not present in vibrio cholerae o1. | vibrio cholerae o139 bengal, although closely related to v. cholerae o1 el tor, produces a polysaccharide capsule and has a distinct o antigen. we have identified a chromosomal region of at least 11 kb, as defined by three tnphoa mutations, that is required for the expression of both polysaccharides. electron microscopy and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis show that these tnphoa mutants have lost the abilities both to express capsule and to produce lipopolysaccharide bey ... | 1995 | 7528734 |