Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [role of enterotoxin and neuraminidase in the biological activity of e1 tor vibrios]. | the biological activity of the toxigenic strains of cholera vibrios in suckling rabbits used as a model is manifested irrespective of the amount of neuraminidase produced by these strains. neuraminidase is important only in low-cholerogenic strains, which is confirmed by a significantly greater death rate among suckling rabbits infected with cultures producing 40-2560 ng/ml of the exoenzyme in comparison with that among suckling rabbits infected with strains producing less than 10 ng/ml of the e ... | 1982 | 6755988 |
| [intergeneric bacterial conjugation in crosses of vibrio cholerae biotype proteus x serratia marcescens]. | intergeneric conjugants were obtained in crosses of bacteria vibrio cholerae biotype proteus (donor) x serratia marcescens. the study of exconjugants demonstrates the following characteristics: 1. the majority of clones isolated possess some morphological characters of the donor (colourlessness and transparency of colonies) which gradually disappear during successive transfers and return to the phenotype of recipients (red colour of colonies); 2. exconjugants acquire a plasmid factor of the fert ... | 1982 | 6757054 |
| biological similarity of enterotoxins of vibrio cholerae serotypes other than type 1 to cholera toxin and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin. | vibrio cholerae serotypes other than type 1, the so-called nag vibrios, have been recognised as an important cause of diarrhoea. a few of them have been shown to produce an enterotoxin similar, immunologically and physiologically, to cholera toxin; and cholera toxin has been shown to be structurally, functionally and immunologically identical with escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (lt). the present investigation has demonstrated biological similarities among cholera toxin, e. coli lt and entero ... | 1982 | 6757437 |
| [biochemical and immunochemical characteristics of a new oral, chemical cholera bivalent vaccine and results of a trial of the preparation on volunteers]. | oral cholera vaccine contains 45% of o-antigen (serovars ogawa and inaba in equal parts) and at least 9 serologically active proteins; of these, toxoid (about 60% of the total amount of protein) and 5 enzymes have been identified: neuraminidase, proteinase, ribonuclease, phospholipase and atpase. the safety, absence of reactogenicity and definite immunological effectiveness of the preparation in the primary immunization of volunteers have been shown. | 1982 | 6760628 |
| statistical evaluation of a quality control method for isolation of pathogenic vibrio species on selected thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agars. | the recovery of vibrio cholerae, vibrio fluvialis, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus, employing eight strains of each species, was studied by using four brands of thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) agar prepared according to manufacturers' instructions and following a standardized procedure. a standardized broth inoculum of each strain was placed on duplicate plates of each brand of tcbs agar and also on tryptic soy agar (difco laboratories) containing 1% (wt/vol) nacl, t ... | 1982 | 6761362 |
| adhesion of enteropathogenic bacteria to cells in tissue culture. | adhesion to the intestinal mucosa is the primary determinant of virulence among bacteria causing intestinal disease. most current test systems involve the use of animal or foetal tissue. this paper illustrates the ability of enteropathogenic bacteria to adhere to mammalian cells. the test described enables considerable differences in adherence to be demonstrated between bacterial strains. | 1980 | 6767637 |
| bactericidal activity of human lactoferrin: sensitivity of a variety of microorganisms. | lactoferrin is an iron-binding protein that has been detected in secretions that bathe human mucosal tissues. previous studies have shown that, when this protein is in the iron-free state, it is capable of a direct bactericidal effect on streptococcus mutans and vibrio cholerae. the present study demonstrates variable susceptibilities for a variety of different microorganisms. the list of susceptible organisms includes gram-positive and gram-negative microbes, rods and cocci, facultative anaerob ... | 1980 | 6772569 |
| [study of cholera and other species of vibrios and bacteria using cholera h- and oh-sera]. | 1980 | 6774530 | |
| [kinetics of desialylation of orosomucoid: effect on its immunochemical behavior in radial immunodiffusion and one-dimensional electroimmunodiffusion]. | 1981 | 6786781 | |
| [a food-borne outbreak of infection possibly with vibrio cholerae serovar 6 (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6788867 | |
| properties of human asialo-factor viii. a ristocetin-independent platelet-aggregating agent. | human factor viii desialylated by treatment with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (asviii) aggregated human platelets in the absence of ristocetin in platelet-rich plasma and, to a lesser extent, in washed platelet suspensions. aggregation is accompanied by thromboxane formation and is completely inhibited by edta. aspirin blocks the second phase of aggregation and abolishes thromboxane production. subaggregating doses of asviii and of either adp, epinephrine, or collagen produce prompt and complet ... | 1981 | 6790574 |
| outbreak of vibrio cholerae non o-1 gastroenteritis--italy. | 1981 | 6790927 | |
| cholera on a gulf coast oil rig - texas. | 1981 | 6796815 | |
| monomeric alkaline phosphatase of vibrio cholerae. | alkaline phosphatase has been purified to homogeneity from two strains of vibrio cholerae. the enzymes from both strains are single polypeptides of molecular weight 60,000. both of the enzymes have ph optima around 8.0 and can act on a variety of organic phosphate esters, glucose-1-phosphate being the best substrate. the enzymes are unable to hydrolyze atp and amp. although they have identical km values, the two enzymes differ significantly in vmax with p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate. the ... | 1982 | 6804434 |
| effects of neuraminidase treatment on cfus properties and cfus numbers. | incubation of bone marrow cells with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase decreases the number of cfus to a minimum of 25% of control numbers. it is shown that this decrease in cfus numbers is not due to cytotoxic effects of neuraminidase but to a decrease in the spleen seeding efficiency of colony forming cells. neuraminidase acts in two ways. it removes negatively charged neuraminic acids from membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids and it can adsorb to the cell surface. it is investigated which of th ... | 1982 | 6807703 |
| [robert koch, founder of modern microbiology]. | 1982 | 6808776 | |
| immunogenicity and amplifier cell production by tumor vaccines enhanced by concanavalin a. | the induction of immune resistance to l1210 murine leukemia by 3 types of l1210 vaccines was compared under conditions in which in vitro cell proliferation and transplantability to mice were completely suppressed. l1210 cells treated with glutaraldehyde plus concanavalin a (cona) were more potent in inducing antitumor immunity than those treated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase or mitomycin c (mmc). this and the finding that cell-bound cona enhanced the immunogenic potency of mmc- or formaldeh ... | 1982 | 6811360 |
| bound and spontaneously released toxic products of nag vibrios cultivated in minimal synthetic media. | properties of toxic substances released spontaneously and by ultrasonic disintegration from nag vibrio cells cultivated in minimal synthetic medium were compared. the released material was separated on the amicon ultramembranes, dialysed and fractionated on the column of sephadex g-100. this procedure revealed three fractions released by ultrasonic disintegration. the culture released spontaneously only one fraction separated by the above mentioned procedure. the molecular weight estimated by th ... | 1982 | 6812316 |
| surveillance of patients attending a diarrhoeal disease hospital in bangladesh. | in october 1979 a surveillance system was set up at the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, hospital at dacca to study a 4% systematic sample of the 100 000 patients with diarrhoea who come to the hospital for care each year. from december 1979 to november 1980 inclusive, 3550 patients were studied. a recognised pathogenic organism was identified for 66% of patients screened for all pathogens, one-third of whom had a mixed infection with two or more agents. enteroto ... | 1982 | 6812801 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis--new hampshire. | 1982 | 6817051 | |
| vibrio cholerae--truk, federated states of micronesia. | 1982 | 6817052 | |
| [identification of gram negative rods and evaluation of their antibiotic sensitivity: comparison of the biotest mhk/id-system with the api 20e-system and the agar diffusion test]. | biotest mhk/id is a new system for the identification of gramnegative fermentative and non fermentative rods and for the simultaneous determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) against 15 antimicrobial drugs. its identification system was compared with the api 20e kit. when the computer generated identification manuals for each of the systems were used 99.5% of the 190 strains tested were identified. of these identifications 98.4% were identical. comparing the results of altog ... | 1982 | 6817546 |
| [occurrence and distribution of non-o1 vibrio cholerae and its enterotoxigenicity (six year-study)]. | 1982 | 6819324 | |
| [sensitivity of aerobia microbial strains responsible for overseas infective diarrheas to two chemical substances: trimethoprime sulfamethoxazole and 5-methyl-oxine]. | 1982 | 6819896 | |
| immunochemical properties of the major outer membrane protein of vibrio cholerae. | antisera to the major outer membrane protein of vibrio cholerae (molecular weight, 48,000) raised in rabbits (i) agglutinated several strains of v. cholerae and (ii) immunoprecipitated outer membrane proteins prepared from both the biotypes and serotypes of v. cholerae. antibodies of all isotypes to the major outer membrane protein were detected in immune human sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. these results suggest that the major outer membrane protein was the common outer membrane ant ... | 1983 | 6822427 |
| medium-dependent production of extracellular enterotoxins by non-o-1 vibrio cholerae, vibrio mimicus, and vibrio fluvialis. | fluid accumulation at 4 h in the intestines of suckling mice enabled us to distinguish non-o-1 vibrio cholerae, v. mimicus, and v. fluvialis clinical isolates from environmental isolates. enterotoxin production was culture medium dependent. filtrates of cultures grown in tryptic soy broth without glucose but with added 0.5% nacl did not exhibit marked enterotoxin activity in the assay. culture filtrates of all clinical strains grown in brain heart infusion broth supplemented with 0.5% nacl induc ... | 1983 | 6824317 |
| isolation of vibrio cholerae serotype ogawa from a florida estuary. | vibrio cholerae serotype ogawa was recently isolated from the estuarine waters of apalachicola bay, fla., in areas that are subject to consistent fecal contamination and in areas that are remote from any apparent source of contamination. the significance of these organisms in the environment has not been determined. | 1983 | 6824323 |
| plasmid-borne multiple drug resistance in vibrio cholerae serogroup o1, biotype el tor: evidence for a point-source outbreak in bangladesh. | in 1979, an outbreak of plasmid-borne, multiply drug-resistant vibrio cholerae serogroup o1 biotype el tor (v. cholerae o1) occurred in the matlab area of bangladesh. the outbreak could have resulted from the introduction into the area of a single resistant strain or from multiple conjugations of drug-sensitive v. cholerae o1 with c plasmids in other environmental flora. resistant strains were phage typed to determine their relatedness, and plasmid studies were conducted to determine the frequen ... | 1983 | 6827137 |
| migrating action-potential complexes in vitro in cholera-exposed rabbit ileum. | the objective of this study was to determine whether cholera-exposed rabbit ileum exhibits altered myoelectric activity in vitro, without central nervous system connections. whole-cell lysate of vibrio cholerae, 100 mg in 1 ml saline, was injected into the jejunum of new zealand white rabbits. segments of ileum were removed at 12 and 24 h after inoculation and studied in vitro using myoelectric recording techniques. propagating ring contractions were visualized and corresponded to intense action ... | 1983 | 6829769 |
| temperature-mediated interaction of tetanus toxin with cerebral neuron cultures: characterization of a neuraminidase-insensitive toxin-receptor complex. | energy-dependent internalization of 125i-labeled tetanus toxin into cultured neural cells is shown to follow an energy-independent binding process. a three-step model, involving receptor-mediated binding followed by sequestration and internalization is proposed. in the first step, binding of toxin is enhanced in appearance under low ionic strength medium, at 0-4 degrees c; it is suppressed, however, with increasing incubation temperature under physiological salt concentrations. cell-bound toxin ... | 1983 | 6834057 |
| radiation-sensitive mutant of hypertoxinogenic strain 569b of vibrio cholerae. | a radiation-sensitive mutant of the hypertoxinogenic strain 569b of vibrio cholerae was isolated and characterized. the mutant, designated v. cholerae 569bs, lacks both excision- and medium-dependent dark-repair mechanisms of uv-induced dna damage while retaining the wild-type photoreactivating capability. analysis of the uv-irradiated cell dna by velocity sedimentation in alkaline sucrose gradient suggests that uv-induced pyrimidine dimers may not be incised in these cells. in contrast to the w ... | 1983 | 6835234 |
| [relationship between hemolysin and hemolysin-destructive factor activities in vibrio cholerae of eltor biovar]. | the study of hemolysin activity, hemolysin-destructive factor (hdf) activity and cholerogenicity in 143 vibrio eltor strains has revealed the existance of close relationship between cholerogenicity and hemolysin production, as well as between cholerogenicity and hdf activity. the negative character of conjugation between the hdf activity and the hemolytic activity of the strains under study has been established, which allows one to suggest the possibility of the regulating action of hemolysin on ... | 1983 | 6837203 |
| thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar and its selectivity for clinical and marine vibrio organisms. | recently documented vibrio cholerae and non-cholera vibrio infections in florida and other american waters led to a study to determine the selectivity of thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose media (tcbs). thirty-one species with 188 different strains of clinical, marine, and stock origin were examined on the tcbs media. one hundred seventy-seven of the 188 strains grew. nine species had the typical yellow colony appearance that might be confused with v. cholerae and nine species were green, po ... | 1983 | 6838150 |
| the role of sialic acid in the dysfibrinogenemia associated with liver disease: distribution of sialic acid on the constituent chains. | to further evaluate the role of sialic acid in the dysfibrinogenemia associated with liver disease, we studied the effect of removal of excess sialic acid residues from the fibrinogen of five patients with liver disease on the thrombin time and fibrin monomer aggregation. patient fibrinogens containing 1.4-3.4 residues of sialic acid per molecule in excess of normal controls, with thrombin times 12-22 sec longer than normal and with abnormal fibrin monomer aggregation, were stripped of their exc ... | 1983 | 6839020 |
| serological characterization of humoral lectins from the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | we have detected and partially characterized multiple lectins present in the serum of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. since agglutination of erythrocytes (rbc) is not abolished by treatment with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn), macrobrachium shows an agglutination pattern different from that of other sialic acid-specific lectins such as limulus polyphemus lectin. however, after absorption with primate and bird vcn-treated rbc, macrobrachium serum exhibits high titers with unt ... | 1983 | 6840378 |
| characterization of surface properties of vibrio cholerae. | a number of isolates of vibrio cholerae were examined with respect to their (i) surface hydrophobicity as measured by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, (ii) capacity to agglutinate erythrocytes, and (iii) ability to bind to an ion-exchange matrix. v. cholerae isolates, cultured under a variety of growth conditions, were conspicuously hydrophobic. the hydrophobicity was accentuated when these strains were (i) cultivated in a chemically defined synthetic medium, (ii) harvested at the exponen ... | 1983 | 6840833 |
| genetic mapping of the tox-1000 locus of vibrio cholerae el tor strain rj1. | the results of a genetic cross between a vibrio cholerae rj1 donor and a v. cholerae 3083-2 recipient suggest that the map position of tox-1000 is between his and trp. | 1983 | 6840862 |
| the role of the flagellum in the adherence of vibrio cholerae. | the role of the flagellar structure in the in vitro adherence and in vivo colonization of vibrio cholerae was studied by comparing the behavior of pairs of related motility variants. although the presence of the flagellum seemed essential for in vitro attachment, the property of motility was neither necessary nor sufficient. since it was possible to demonstrate independently both motility and binding capacities associated with this structure, it was concluded that the flagellum functions as the ... | 1983 | 6842021 |
| the specificity of vibrio cholerae adherence and the significance of the slime agglutinin as a second mediator of in vitro attachment. | the aim of the present studies was to clarify vibrio cholerae adherence by elucidating the basis for the apparently variable nature of in vitro attachment. an examination of the purported specificity of vibrio adherence did not support the concept of host receptor structures; organisms selected for their capacity to adhere to inert substrates simultaneously acquired the capacity to bind to intestinal tissue in vitro. further investigation of the bacterial factors involved in adherence confirmed ... | 1983 | 6842022 |
| protection against cholera in breast-fed children by antibodies in breast milk. | we performed a prospective study to examine whether the iga antibodies against cholera that are present in breast milk protect breast-fed infants and children against colonization with vibrio cholerae 01 and disease. among families of patients with cholera, we collected breast milk from mothers who had not had diarrhea in the previous week and monitored them and their breast-fed children for cholera colonization and diarrhea for 10 days. breast milk was assayed for iga antibodies to cholera toxi ... | 1983 | 6843632 |
| temperate phage induction and filament formation in vibrio cholerae by furazolidone. | furazolidone a synthetic nitrofuran used in the treatment of cholera, was found to cause prophage induction and filament formation in vibrio cholerae. maximum induction of phage beta was obtained at a drug concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml. neither induction of prophage nor filamentation took place if the drug treatment was carried out in the presence of 2.5 micrograms/ml chloramphenicol, indicating a requirement for de novo protein synthesis. our results strongly suggest the existence of "sos" ... | 1983 | 6847681 |
| auto-antibody dependent activation of the autologous classical complement pathway by guinea-pig red cells treated with influenza virus or neuraminidase: in vitro and in vivo study. | guinea-pig erythrocytes that had been exposed to influenza a virus or vibrio cholerae neuraminidase activated the classical complement pathway in autologous serum. because all viral particles were eluted from the treated cells, activation was not dependent on anti-viral antibodies or on the particles themselves. after a threshold of 45-55% desialation, had been reached, the relative capacity of treated cells to activate complement increased very rapidly with desialation. desialation unmasked sit ... | 1983 | 6852870 |
| vibrio factors cause rapid fluid accumulation in suckling mice. | non-o-1 and o-1 vibrio cholerae and vibrio fluvialis isolated from clinical and environmental sources were examined for virulence factor production in 3-day-old suckling mice and in y-1 tissue culture. the responses of the suckling mice to intragastrically administered bacterial cultures were measured by intestinal fluid accumulation (fa), diarrhea, and mortality. regardless of the o-serovar, source of isolation, or ability to produce cholera toxin, all strains of v. cholerae stimulated increase ... | 1983 | 6852913 |
| glycolipids of murine lymphocyte subpopulations. structural characterization of thymus gangliosides. | several sialic acid-containing glycolipids have been isolated and purified from murine thymus. eleven of these acidic glycolipids (gangliosides) have been analyzed by several techniques, permitting us to propose a tentative structure for each. sugar analysis reveals that all 11 gangliosides contain the same base structure, gal(beta 1-3)galnac(beta 1-4)gal(beta 1-4)glc(beta 1-1) ceramide, which is gangliotetraosylceramide. no glucosamine or fucose is present in glycolipids from this tissue. there ... | 1983 | 6853556 |
| [possible reversion of the virulence of vibrio cholerae]. | 1983 | 6855642 | |
| synthesis and secretion of the plasmid-coded heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli in vibrio cholerae. | both cholera toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin were made and secreted into culture supernatants by vibrio cholerae containing the enterotoxin plasmid pcg86. several regulatory mutations in v. cholerae that increased or decreased the synthesis of cholera toxin did not affect production of heat-labile enterotoxin. in contrast, a mutation in v. cholerae that interfered with the secretion of cholera toxin also decreased the secretion of heat-labile enterotoxin, indicating that they are processed by ... | 1983 | 6857285 |
| effects of storage on microbial loads of two commercially important shellfish species, crassostrea virginica and mercenaria campechiensis. | the effects of storage on the microbial load in two commercially important species of shellfish were examined. oysters (crassostrea virginica) were stored as shellstock, shucked meats, and fully processed meats at four temperatures for up to 21 days, and clams (mercenaria campechiensis) were stored only as shellstock. the concentrations of most microbiological groups of organisms increased with the duration and temperature of storage in both shellfish species, although the increases were signifi ... | 1983 | 6859844 |
| differential effect of neuraminidase-treatment on the surface charge-associated properties of rat reticulocytes and erythrocytes. studies by partitioning in two-polymer aqueous phases. | rat reticulocytes undergo charge-associated surface changes, detectable by cell partitioning in charged dextran-poly(ethylene glycol) aqueous phase systems, as they become mature erythrocytes. young reticulocytes have a lower partition coefficient, i.e., quantity of cells in the top phase as a percentage of total cells added, than do mature erythrocytes. sialic acid is the main charge-bearing group on red blood cells and, in the case of the rat, most of the sialic acid can be removed by treatmen ... | 1983 | 6860666 |
| plasmid associated suppression of pathogenicity of wild-type strains of vibrio cholerae from cholera patients. | 1983 | 6862533 | |
| isolation of nontoxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 from a human wound infection. | vibrio cholerae serotype o1 organisms that do not produce cholera toxin and, in fact, lack the genetic material encoding the enterotoxin have recently been detected in coastal regions of the united states. although these organisms have been assumed to be nonpathogenic, they have been considered a potential reservoir of toxigenic v. cholerae. in 1979, nontoxigenic v. cholerae o1 was isolated from a leg wound of an accident victim residing in new orleans. the only known risk factors of the patient ... | 1983 | 6863510 |
| mechanisms for the removal of senescent human erythrocytes from circulation: specificity of the membrane-bound immunoglobulin g. | direct antiglobulin (coombs') tests of erythrocyte (rbc) subpopulations confirmed the presence of membrane-bound immunoglobulin g (igg) on old (density greater than 1.110) human rbcs but not on the young (density less than 1.110) rbcs. after thermal elution of the bound igg, this coombs' reaction was negative, but incubation of thermally eluted igg (he-igg) with heat-treated rbcs induced a positive antiglobulin test. a positive direct antiglobulin reaction was also obtained after incubation of h ... | 1983 | 6865498 |
| transmission of r plasmids in vibrio anguillarum to vibrio cholerae. | 1983 | 6865805 | |
| texas star-sr: attenuated "vibrio cholerae" oral vaccine candidate. | texas star-sr, a laboratory-derived mutant of vibrio cholerae el tor ogawa 3083, which produces b but not a subunit of cholera toxin was given to 68 healthy adult volunteers in doses of 10(5) to 5 x 10(10) organisms. 16 of 68 exhibited loose stools but in only one individual was stool volume notable. vomiting occurred in 1 and abdominal cramps in 3 vaccines; malaise and fever were not seen. texas star was recovered from stools of 22% who received low doses (10(5) or 10(6) organisms) and from 63% ... | 1983 | 6873477 |
| immunogenicity and protective capacity of inactivated "vibrio cholerae" whole cell vaccines. | the effects of heat and chemical inactivants on the immunogenicity and protective capacity of v. cholerae was studied. elisa systems, using whole cells of v. cholerae, purified lps or flagella preparations as immobilized antigens were employed to measure serum antibody titers. the immune response to parenteral vaccination in rabbits with killed whole cell vaccines was dependent upon the inactivation procedure used. cells inactivated by heat alone or in combination with phenol were found to be co ... | 1983 | 6873478 |
| observations on the texas star-sr avirulent a-b+ mutant candidate cholera vaccine. | comprehensive controlled vaccine trials have revealed that neither conventional cholera vaccines nor cholera toxoid administered parenterally are effective in inducing durable immunity against cholera. the only truly effective means of immunization against cholera as yet demonstrated conclusively only in volunteers, are (a) recovery from the disease itself and (b) that observed following oral administration of living attenuated mutants. in both instances, the host is presented with a consortium ... | 1983 | 6873480 |
| successful colonization and immunization of adult rabbits by oral inoculation with vibrio cholerae o1. | adult rabbits were inoculated orally (or duodenally) with virulent vibrio cholerae o1. jejunal colonization occurred only when hypoperistalsis was induced at the time of inoculation by tincture of opium given intraperitoneally (or by temporary ileal obstruction). for oral inoculation, prior neutralization of gastric acid was also required. inoculation with 10(9) v. cholerae caused jejunal colonization for 1 to 2 days and ileal colonization for 5 to 6 days. the extent of small bowel colonization ... | 1983 | 6874074 |
| numerical taxonomy of vibrio cholerae and related species isolated from areas that are endemic and nonendemic for cholera. | a total of 165 strains of vibrios isolated from clinical and environmental sources in the united states, india, and bangladesh, 11 reference cultures, and 4 duplicated cultures were compared in a numerical taxonomic study using 83 unit characters. similarity between strains was computed by using the simple matching coefficient and the jaccard coefficient. strains were clustered by unweighted average linkage and single linkage algorithms. all methods gave similar cluster compositions. the estimat ... | 1983 | 6874901 |
| repair of ultraviolet light-induced dna damage in cholera bacteriophages. | dna repair-proficient and -deficient strains of vibrio cholerae were used to examine host cell reactivation, weigle reactivation and photoreactivation of u.v.-irradiated cholera bacteriophages. u.v. light-induced dna damage in phages of different morphological and serological groups could be efficiently photoreactivated. host cell reactivation of irradiated phages of different groups was different on the same indicator host. phage phi 149 was the most sensitive, and phi 138 the most resistant to ... | 1983 | 6875517 |
| augmented delayed footpad reaction in thymus cell-depleted mice induced by cholera toxoid. | one hundred microgram of cholera toxoid was injected intravenously into ddd and akr mice and its effects on lymphoid tissues and immune responses against sheep erythrocytes (srbc) were examined at various times after the injection. (1) a remarkable reduction of thymus cells was revealed from day 1 to 7 and from day 1 to 4 in ddd and akr mice, respectively. (2) cholera toxoid exhibited only slight effects on the numbers of spleen cells and peripheral blood leukocytes in both strains. (3) delayed ... | 1983 | 6876141 |
| cholera on a gulf coast oil rig. | a single case of severe diarrhea on a floating texas oil rig was followed two days later by what proved to be the largest outbreak of cholera in the united states in over a century. after isolation of toxigenic vibrio cholerae el tor inaba of the typical united states phage type from the index patient's stool, the ensuing investigation detected 14 additional cases of cholera and one asymptomatic infection serologically. infection was associated with eating rice on the oil rig on a particular day ... | 1983 | 6877323 |
| non-01 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis in new hampshire: a case report. | non-01 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis has been reported in the literature in association with foreign travel, or seafood ingestion, particularly raw shellfish harvested from warm-water climates. non-01 v. cholerae gastroenteritis has not been reported before from new england. the case presented describes a previously healthy female who developed non-01 v. cholerae gastroenteritis approximately 26 hours after ingestion of raw cherrystone clams. | 1983 | 6881192 |
| persistence of cholera in the united states. | in 1973, 1978, and 1981, cases of cholera were acquired along the gulf coast of the united states. the isolates from all of the cases were toxigenic vibrio cholerae o-group 1, biotype el tor, serotype inaba, hemolytic, and of the same phage sensitivity pattern, and all had the same restriction endonuclease pattern by molecular genetic analysis. the strain from one of the two 1981 cases differed from the others in having a small plasmid and a negative voges-proskauer reaction. multiple importatio ... | 1983 | 6881430 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of el tor vibrios isolated from open reservoirs]. | sensitivity of 500 el tor vibrio strains isolated from open water reservoirs was studied with respect to 14 antibiotics. some of the strains markedly differing from the other isolates by the sensitivity levels and the set of the resistance determinants were subjected to a detailed analysis. the problem of distribution of antibiotic resistant strains of the cholera germ is discussed. | 1983 | 6881946 |
| binding of choleragen and anti-ganglioside antibodies to gangliosides incorporated into preformed liposomes. | exogenously added gangliosides were taken up and incorporated into liposomes just as they are incorporated into cells. ganglioside gm1 was rapidly taken up by liposomes containing dimyristoyl- or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and dicetyl phosphate. when incubated with a wide range of gm1 concentrations for 18 h, the liposomes incorporated about 10% of the added ganglioside. the rate of gm1 uptake by preformed liposomes was both time- and temperature-dependent. the liposomes also in ... | 1983 | 6882761 |
| colonization of the rabbit small intestine by clinical and environmental isolates of non-o1 vibrio cholerae and vibrio mimicus. | we examined the capability of 12 isolates of non-cholera toxin-producing o1 and non-o1 vibrio cholerae to colonize the small intestine of adult rabbits and cause diarrhea. using the removable intestinal tie-adult rabbit diarrhea model, we found that eight environmental isolates that showed no or marginal biological activity in other diarrhea models (rabbit ileal loop, infant rabbit, and suckling mouse) appeared to be incapable of attaching to and colonizing, even transiently, the small intestina ... | 1983 | 6885157 |
| epidemiological features of an outbreak of gastroenteritis/cholera in katsina, northern nigeria. | in april 1982, katsina, in northern nigeria, was affected by an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with vibrio cholerae serotype 'ogawa' and 662 patients were admitted to the katsina general hospital during a 16-week period. the outbreak affected all ages and both sexes and all parts of the town and its immediate surroundings except the government residential area (gra). the overall case fatality rate was 7.7%. male specific case fatality and female specific case fatality rates were 9.7 and ... | 1983 | 6886407 |
| [ige antibody production by vibrio cholerae and its cellular components]. | 1983 | 6887516 | |
| oral immunization of dogs with purified cholera toxin, crude cholera toxin, or b subunit: evidence for synergistic protection by antitoxic and antibacterial mechanisms. | the immunogenicity and safety of purified cholera toxin (ct), its b subunit, and a crude culture filtrate of toxigenic vibrio cholerae (crt) were compared in dogs immunized orally and challenged with virulent v. cholerae. ct and crt caused marked protection in two- or three-dose regimens. protection due to ct occurred only with doses that caused transient, sometimes severe, diarrhea in most dogs; this protection was proportional to the peak antitoxin response in jejunal mucosa and lasted at leas ... | 1982 | 6889574 |
| antibody responses to live and killed poliovirus vaccines in the milk of pakistani and swedish women. | the effect of poliovirus vaccination on mucosal immunity was studied in lactating women because secretory iga antibodies to poliovirus in milk may reflect intestinal immunity. swedish mothers lacked significant titers of secretory iga antibodies in their milk before vaccination. subcutaneous vaccination with killed poliovirus vaccine resulted in low but transient increases in titers of secretory iga antibodies in the milk of most of these women. pakistani mothers had significant titers of secret ... | 1981 | 6894606 |
| cholecystitis: its occurrence with cholelithiasis associated with a non-01 vibrio cholerae. | a 28-year-old pregnant woman was brought to the hospital complaining of epigastric pain. an exploratory laparotomy revealed acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis, and a cholecystectomy was performed. a gran-negative rod grew from a culture of gallbladder material. the isolate exhibited biochemical reactions consistent with vibrio cholerae, while failing to agglutinate in vibrio 0 group 1 antisera. | 1982 | 6896436 |
| influence of salinity and organic nutrient concentration on survival and growth of vibrio cholerae in aquatic microcosms. | laboratory microcosms were employed to evaluate the influence of selected environmental parameters, organic nutrient concentration, and salinity on the growth and survival of a toxigenic strain of vibrio cholerae la4808. over the range conditions tested, this strain of v. cholerae showed maximum response as determined by increased plate counts and direct microscopic counts in microcosms prepared with a chemically defined sea salts solution at a salinity of 25%, but with lower or higher salinity ... | 1982 | 6896621 |
| [bacteriologic diagnosis of vibrio cholerae]. | 1981 | 6927239 | |
| [present trends in cholera and changes in cholera vibrios]. | 1981 | 6927240 | |
| the presence of anti-leukoblast antibodies as complement fixation agents in leukemia patients imm-nized with leukoblats treated with neuraminidase and radiation. | six adult patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia were treated with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. this was done with cultured autologous leukoblasts, treated with neuraminidase of vibrio cholerae and radiation, and injected six to ten times each eight to ten days between the chemotherapy cycles. class igc leukemic anti-leukoblast antibodies which are able to activate the c3 component of the complement system were found in the serum of patients. five patients have been in complete remission f ... | 1980 | 6930937 |
| lectin potentiation of bcg-contact-mediated antitumor action. | concanavalin a (con a) potentiated the bcg-contact-mediated antitumor action when both con a (10 microgram) and bcg (50 micrograms) were injected with fibrosarcoma cells (5 x 10(4)) into inbred swiss mice. bcg (50 micrograms) alone had no antitumor effect. the con a-potentiated bcg-contact-mediated phenomenon was shown to be immunologically mediated, inasmuch as tumors developed in immunosuppressed mice inoculated with tumor cells mixed with con a and bcg. the same dose of 50 micrograms bcg was ... | 1980 | 6933260 |
| isolation of enterotoxin structural gene deletion mutations in vibrio cholerae induced by two mutagenic vibriophages. | phenotypically nontoxinogenic mutants of vibrio cholerae were isolated after infection with either of two mutagenic vibriophages, vcai and vca2ctsl. dna isolated from these mutants was analyzed for toxin gene sequences by the southern blotting method with 32p-labeled probes derived from the cloned a and b subunit genes for the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli, designated lt. several of the mutant isolates were shown by this method to have lost all sequences hybridizing to the lt probe ... | 1982 | 6948297 |
| pathogenesis and prevention of cholera. | 1982 | 6963754 | |
| the queensland cholera incident of 1977. 1. the index case. | the first known case of cholera to be contracted in australia during the seventh pandemic occurred in queensland in 1977. there was no record of recent travel abroad by the patient, or of her having been in contact with persons suffering from gastroenteritis. vibrio cholerae, biotype eltor, serotype inaba, phage-type 2, was the causative microorganism. this case is unique in that the microbiological diagnosis was based on the identification of an isolate from venous blood. this indicates that th ... | 1980 | 6969138 |
| the queensland cholera incident of 1977. 2. the epidemiological investigation. | in 1977 the first case of cholera known to be contracted in australia during the seventh pandemic occurred in southeastern queensland. toxigenic isolates of vibrio cholerae, biotype eltor, serotype inaba, phage-type 2, were obtained from the index case, a companion of the patient, the reticulated water supply of their place of residence, and a stretch of the neighbouring river that was being used to supplement fully treated water piped from brisbane. treatment of the auxiliary supply consisted s ... | 1980 | 6969139 |
| effect of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase on the mitogen response of t lymphocytes. i. enhancement of macrophage t-lymphocyte cooperation in concanavalin-a-induced lymphocyte activation. | vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) enhances the immune response of lymphocytes in various systems, such as antigen- and mitogen-induced blastogenesis, mixed lymphocyte culture (mlc) and tumor-cell response. we used macrophage-depleted and reconstituted murine lymph-node t-cells to investigate the effect of vcn on macrophage-t-lymphocyte co-operation in con-a-induced lymphocyte activation. in unfractionated lymph-node cells vcn enhanced the con-a-induced lymphocyte activation as measured by 3h-t ... | 1980 | 6969689 |
| effect of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase on the mitogen response of t-lymphocytes. ii. modulation of the lymphocyte response to macrophage released factors by neuraminidase. | 1980 | 6969690 | |
| cholera in bahrain: epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak. | in the period 10 august 1978-23 january 1979, 913 culture-confirmed cases of cholera caused by vibrio cholerae, biotype el tor, serotype ogawa, occurred in bahrain. after discovery of the initial cases, others occurred sporadically, and the incidence reached a peak of 25-35 cases per day during the seventh week of the outbreak (16-22 september). the overall attack rate (27 per 10 000) was low and the outbreak subsided without mass immunization campaigns or rigorous border control of persons and ... | 1981 | 6973417 |
| microbiological surveillance of intra-neighbourhood e1 tor cholera transmission in rural bangladesh. | the apparent failure of handpump tubewells to reduce the incidence of cholera among users in the flooded rural area of bangladesh has stimulated interest in defining precisely the means of vibrio cholerae transmission during localized outbreaks. cholera-infected neighbourhoods were placed under intensive microbiological surveillance to pinpoint contaminated sources and subsequent infections. the results show that cholera transmission was via contaminated surface water, particularly water taken i ... | 1980 | 6975182 |
| resistance to antimicrobial agents of vibrio cholerae e1 tor strains isolated during the fourth cholera epidemic in the united republic of tanzania. | isolates of vibrio cholerae obtained immediately after the outbreak of the fourth recorded epidemic of cholera in the united republic of tanzania were sensitive to tetracycline, but after five months of its extensive therapeutic and prophylactic use, 76% of the isolates were observed to be resistant to this and other antimicrobial agents. the appearance of resistance was found to be due to the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance plasmids belonging to the c incompatibility complex. although mos ... | 1980 | 6975183 |
| uniformity of glycans within molecular variants of alpha-protease inhibitor with distinct affinity for concanavalin a. | human alpha 1-protease inhibitor contains four asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains per molecule. three types of carbohydrate chains were released from the polypeptide backbone by hydrazinolysis: (a) biantennary (80%), (b) biantennary with an intercalated n-acetylglucosamine residue (14%), and (c) triantennary (6%). using concanavalin-a-affinity chromatography, native and s-carboxymethylated alpha 1--protease inhibitor were fractionated into three distinct molecular variants which were shown to ... | 1982 | 6980116 |
| epidemiology of eltor cholera in rural bangladesh: importance of surface water in transmission. | in order to define the role of water used for drinking, cooking, bathing, and washing in the transmission of vibrio cholerae biotype eltor infections in an area with endemic cholera, surveillance was initiated in neighbourhoods with a culture-confirmed cholera index case and others with index cases with non-cholera diarrhoea as controls. in neighbourhoods with cholera infection, 44% of surface water sources were positive for v. cholerae, whereas only 2% of surface sources were positive in contro ... | 1982 | 6982775 |
| human lymphocyte membrane proteins treated with neuraminidase. | human peripheral blood lymphocytes were surface-iodinated, treated with neuraminidase from vibrio cholerae and lysed with non-ionic detergent. in addition, surface membrane fractions were isolated from surface-iodinated cells in the absence of detergents and treated with neuraminidase after membrane isolation. the effect of neuraminidase treatment on the membrane proteins was studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. one surface-labelled protein of 45 000 molecular weight which is characte ... | 1982 | 6984342 |
| cholera in louisiana: old problem, new light. | 1980 | 6985711 | |
| microtiter ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for vibrio and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxins and antitoxin. | we have developed a microtiter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for detecting the heat-labile enterotoxins of vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli using gm1 ganglioside as the base coat. this method compares favorably with a similar assay using anticholera toxin as the base coat, and with the y1 adrenal cell assay. the assay should be useful in detecting enterotoxin production in e. coli and vibrios (including non-agglutinating vibrio), in quantitating the toxin, and in determining bindi ... | 1980 | 6986402 |
| use of moore swabs for isolating vibrio cholerae from sewage. | the moore swab method was shown to be a practical and sensitive technique for the isolation of vibrio cholerae from sewage. in each of three instances in which cholera patients lived in homes connected to municipal sewers, v. cholerae was isolated from the community sewage plant intake at the time of the patients illness. sewer systems became negative within 1 day after patients were treated with tetracycline. sewer surveillance using the moore swab also found evidence of infections occurring in ... | 1980 | 6989857 |
| [possibilities and limits of the proof by culture of intestinal bacterial infections]. | 1980 | 6990539 | |
| [interactions between microbes and enterocytes in experimental intestinal infections]. | all enteropathogens first attach to the glycocalyx on the enterocyte surface. then noninvasive cholera vibrios and enterotoxicogenic e. coli multiply on the enterocyte microvilli producing enterotoxins which cause pronounced enterocyte hypersecretion. invasive enteropathogens differ in the model of penetration into enterocytes, multiplication site, the effect on the fate of invaded enterocytes, the ability of the infectious process for generalization. recent studies have confirmed the decisive r ... | 1980 | 6990900 |
| correlation between macrophages and their membrane fraction. cytocidal activities on neoplastic cells. | compared with croton oil- and thioglycolate-induced macrophages, the pha-induced peritoneal macrophages showed th highest cytocidal activity against human malignant melanoma, mammary carcinoma and rat r3230 adenocarcinoma (adca) cells. resident (physiological saline-induced) macrophages showed the lowest cytocidal activities. vibrio cholera neuraminidase (vcn) and galactose oxidase increased, whereas trypsin, plasmin, papain and mild sonication decreased the cytotoxic function of macrophages aga ... | 1980 | 6997109 |
| [dissemination of bdellovibrio acteriovorus in animals and their interaction with the agents of acute intestinal infections]. | cows, horses, pigs and ducks have been found to contain bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in their intestine and to constantly excrete them with feces into the environment. these microorganisms have not been detected in the feces of man, white mice, frogs and fish. bdellovibrio, if introduced together with shigella or after them, prevent the development of keratoconjunctivitis in some of the rabbits. no manifestations of the lytic activity of bdellovibrio in relation to salmonella and vibrio cholerae h ... | 1980 | 6998228 |
| estimation of vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) purified cholera and escherichia coli enterotoxins can be detected as sensitively as by cho cells. there is a linear relationship between toxin concentrations and extinction values. in plates sensitized with toxins, antitoxins can be titrated with high sensitivity. elisa cross-titration experiments demonstrate the existing antigenic relationship between cholera toxin and heat labile e. coli enterotoxin. plates sensitized with either anti-e, coli-igg o ... | 1980 | 6998259 |
| nucleotide sequence homology between the heat-labile enterotoxin gene of escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae deoxyribonucleic acid. | isolated deoxyribonucleic acid fragments encoding the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli were used to probe for homologous sequences in restricted whole-cell deoxyribonucleic acid from vibrio cholerae. significant sequence homology between the heat-labile enterotoxin gene and v. cholerae deoxyribonucleic acid was demonstrated, and apparent differences were observed in the organization of the cholera toxin gene among different strains of v. cholerae. | 1980 | 6998963 |
| diseases of humans (other than cholera) caused by vibrios. | 1980 | 7002028 | |
| single bacteriocin typing scheme for the vibrio group of organisms. | a total of 743 strains of o-i "agglutinable" and 293 strains of o i "inagglutinable" vibrio cholerae were subjected to bacteriocin typing based on deferred antagonism of eight indicator bacteria, including two strains of v. cholerae, by the method of chakrabarty et al. (infect. immun. 1:293-299, 1970). a minor modification that was effected in the typing medium was replacement of iodoacetic acid by ammonium chloride (at a final concentration of 0.003%) which appeared to regulate bacteriocin prod ... | 1980 | 7002792 |
| selective vs. nonselective media and direct plating vs. enrichment technique in isolation of vibrio cholerae: recommendations for clinical laboratories. | the occurrence of human cholera along the gulf of mexico and the isolation of vibrio cholerae o1 from the gulf and chesapeake bay make it imperative that microbiology laboratories along estuaries develop the capabilities to culture for these pathogens. in attempts to devise a simplified but efficient culture procedure, a selective medium, thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) agar, was compared with a nonselective medium, gelatin agar (ga), and the utility of enrichment was examined. tcb ... | 1980 | 7003031 |
| [differentiation of cholera and nag vibrios by their virulence]. | the method for differentiating cholera and nag vibrios by their virulence is proposed. this method is based on the evaluation of the following characteristics: hemolytic activity and sensitivity to phages c and xdf-5, the vibrios being cultivated in 1% peptone water with 1% of glycerol (for the determination of hemolytic activity) and in 1% peptone water with 1% of barium chloride (for the determination of sensitivity to phages). | 1980 | 7004031 |