Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [vibrio eltor strain, serotype ogawa, the producer of cholera enterotoxin]. | v. eltor strain 1310, serotype ogawa, an original strain capable of producing cholera enterotoxin (exotoxin) in synthetic culture media, has been obtained. the exotoxin produced by this strain can be obtained in large amounts and used as cholerigenic toxoid for immunization against cholera. | 1983 | 6342310 |
| [use of the toxin-tissue receptor reaction for detecting toxic substances of the causative agents of acute intestinal diseases]. | the possibility of using erythrocytic ganglioside diagnostic reagents (egdr) for the detection of v. cholerae, e. coli and s. typhimurium enterotoxins in the passive hemagglutination (pha) test has been shown. museum strains and cultures isolated from patients with acute intestinal diseases were tested for the presence of enterotoxins. cell-free extracts were studied by biological methods and by serological titration in the pha test with the use of egdr. the diagnostic reagent was found to inter ... | 1983 | 6342315 |
| purification of vibrio cholerae soluble hemagglutinin and development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for antigen and antibody quantitations. | soluble hemagglutinin (ha) from an el tor vibrio cholerae strain (serotype ogawa) was purified by means of a sequence of salt precipitation, gel filtration, and agarose electrophoresis. the purified material, which gave a single precipitation line in immunodiffusion tests with homologous antiserum, showed immunological identity reactions in double diffusion-in-gel with soluble ha produced by various classical and el tor strains of different serotypes. purified ha was used for development of an e ... | 1983 | 6345393 |
| local pattern of acute enteric bacterial infections in man--lagos, nigeria. | stool specimen from 994 patients with acute diarrhoeal diseases were processed for bacterial agents known to be responsible for acute diarrhoea. these were from patients seen at the lagos university teaching hospital over a 9 month period. the pattern that emerged showed shigella isolates made up by 36 flexneri; 29 boydii, 21 dysenteriae and 4 sonnei; salmonella isolates were typhi 3, typhimurium 12, enteritidis 3, oranienburg 9, others 8; yersinia enterocolitica 14; campylobacter species 20; en ... | 1983 | 6347763 |
| dna damage, prophage induction and mutation by furazolidone. | ultraviolet absorption data and thermal chromatography through hydroxyapatite (hap) column revealed that furazolidone treatment of vibrio cholerae cells produced more than 80% of dna reversibly bihelical due to the formation of interstrand cross-links and the reaction obeyed a first order relation. sensitivities of the escherichia coli strains to the lethal action of the drug were in the order: ab 2480(uvr- rec-) greater than ab 2463(rec-) greater than ab 1886(uvr-) greater than ab 1157(repair p ... | 1983 | 6349840 |
| flies as a source of enteric pathogens in a rural village in thailand. | the village of ban pong in northeastern thailand was studied from january through december 1981 to determine the importance of flies as a source of enteric pathogens. the number of flies (predominantly musca domestica) increased in kitchens and animal pens in the hot dry spring, when the incidence of diarrhea was highest in the village. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, shigella spp., non-o1 vibrio cholerae, and vibrio fluvalis were isolated from fly pools in yards (69%), animal pens (38%), bath ... | 1983 | 6351748 |
| a rapid and sensitive assay for neuraminidase using peanut lectin hemagglutination: application to vibrio cholera and trypanosoma cruzi. | a neuraminidase assay based on peanut lectin agglutination is described. human red blood cells are used both as substrate for the enzyme and as probe for the lectin. the validity of the method is ascertained by measuring the enzyme and lectin activities on erythrocytes whose outer membrane sialic acid was labeled with tritium after oxidation with sodium periodate followed by reduction with sodium borotritiide. the neuraminidases of trypanosoma cruzi and vibrio cholera are used as examples; in bo ... | 1983 | 6352815 |
| differences in bindings to the gm1 receptor by heat-labile enterotoxin of human and porcine escherichia coli strains. | heat-labile enterotoxin producing strains of escherichia coli were isolated from diarrheal faeces of humans and from the jejunum of pigs which had died of diarrhea. the heat-labile enterotoxin was assayed by three different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). the first assay was based upon immunological cross-reactions between the heat-labile enterotoxins of e coli and vibrio cholerae, the second on specific e coli heat-labile enterotoxin antibodies and the third on affinity of the toxin ... | 1983 | 6353279 |
| a hypothesis accounting for the origin of pandemic cholera: a retrograde analysis. | 1983 | 6353349 | |
| [model uf-2 mutant of staphylococcus aureus 209 p for titrating vibrio cholera enterotoxin]. | the identical character of the action of crude v. cholerae enterotoxin on the anaerobic dehydrogenases of the uv-2 mutant of s. aureus 209 p and the surviving culture of ehrlich's carcinoma has been revealed. the range of this action is linked with the concentration of the toxin and varies from the stimulation of cell dehydrogenases to their complete suppression. the rapid method for the titration of the enterotoxin in the dehydrogenase suppression test with the use of the bacterial model is pro ... | 1983 | 6353817 |
| [modification of a method of passive immune hemolysis on a solid medium for detecting the production of thermolabile enterotoxins by vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli strains]. | a modification of the passive immune hemolysis method for the determination of the production of thermolabile enterotoxins by v. cholerae and e. coli is proposed. this modification permits the use of solid culture media. experiments with cholera enterotoxin have demonstrated that the sensitivity of the modified method is 8-10 times higher than that of the elek method. similar results have been obtained with the use of the proposed method in the study of the capacity of different v. cholerae and ... | 1983 | 6353819 |
| immobilized drugs and enzymes in biochemical pharmacology. perspectives and critique. | 1983 | 6354191 | |
| application of scanning electron microscopy to the study of microorganisms in gastrointestinal pathobiology. | this review describes the application of sem to the study of microorganisms in gastrointestinal (gi) pathobiology. sem has proven to be a highly useful tool with a variety of applications in the biological and medical sciences. examples in this paper are focused on the use of secondary electron imaging to study selected bacterial (cholera), fungal (candidosis), and protozoan (giardiasis) diseases in the gi tract of murine (mouse and rat) experimental models. the successful application of sem to ... | 1983 | 6356331 |
| [modern epidemiologic and pathogenetic findings illustrated by the example of cholera]. | in 1883 robert koch isolated and characterized vibrio comma as the etiological agent of cholera thereby creating a breakthrough in cholera research. pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diarrheal diseases caused by v. cholerae and enterotoxigenic e. coli are cleared up by the production of enterotoxins and colonizing factors of microorganisms. plasmids code for antibiotic resistance, distinct enterotoxins, colonization and other virulence factors. sero-, bio-, phage-, colicino- and plasmid typing ... | 1983 | 6356653 |
| [chemotaxis of cholera vibrios: a study method and the relation to different substances]. | the chemotaxis of v. cholerae in response to 56 different substances (amino acids, carbohydrates, salts, etc.) has been studied by the methods of visual observation and quantitative determination. attractants, neutral substances and one repellent have been revealed. adler's method (1973) has been modified with regard to the requirements for the working procedures in handling the causative agents of highly dangerous infections. | 1983 | 6356725 |
| enterotoxin production by vibrio cholerae and vibrio mimicus grown in continuous culture with microbial cell recycle. | we have examined the effect of complete cell recycle on the production of cholera toxin (ct) by vibrio cholerae and ct-like toxin by vibrio mimicus in continuous culture fermentations. complete cell recycle was obtained by filtering culture fluids through amicon hollow fibers with an exclusion limit of 100,000 daltons (h1p100-20) and returning the concentrated cell slurry to the fermentor. a single 1-liter laboratory fermentor system modified with this recycle loop was capable of producing over ... | 1983 | 6357081 |
| the use of gene-specific dna probes for the identification of enteric pathogens. | gene-specific dna probes can be used to identify enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and campylobacter jejunii by dna hybridization. in addition, the dna probes can be exploited to provide potentially important information concerning the epidemiology of enteric infections. | 1983 | 6361855 |
| cytotonic enterotoxins and cytotoxic factors produced by salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium. | strains of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium isolated from human diarrheal cases produced heat-labile enterotoxin(s) and cytotoxic factor(s) which elongated, lysed or deformed chinese hamster ovary cells in tissue culture. the toxin(s) caused fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit gut loops and produced increased skin permeability. salmonella toxin produced by these strains does not cross-react immunologically with high titer vibrio cholerae toxin antisera or heat-labile escherichi ... | 1983 | 6362074 |
| immune elimination of aging platelets by autologous monocytes: role of membrane-specific autoantibody. | membrane-bound igg was found only on old populations of platelets from normal individuals. this igg could be dissociated from senescent cells by repeatedly heating the cells. heat-eluted igg (he-igg) prepared from senescent red blood cells was capable of binding to either heat-treated old platelets or vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn)-treated young platelets, suggesting expression of a common age-dependent antigen on the senescent red blood cells and old platelets. we analyzed the role of memb ... | 1983 | 6363100 |
| sealed adult mice: new model for enterotoxin evaluation. | outbred, inbred, and congenic strains of conventional mice which were ano-rectally occluded with cyanoacrylate ester glue and converted to sealed adult mice (sam) were given, per os, crude cholera enterotoxin (ct) in 10% nahco3. at 6 h when the response was maximal, mice were killed, the small intestines were removed, and gut weight/body weight ratios were calculated. experimental mice gave a linear response after receiving 1.5 to 60 micrograms of ct. purified heat-stable enterotoxin from escher ... | 1984 | 6363287 |
| [responses of e1 tor cholera vibrio to antibiotics in relation to intestinal flora: antibiotic sensitivity and behaviors in mixed culture with resistant e. coli]. | 1983 | 6363444 | |
| ganglioside localization on myelinated nerve fibres by cholera toxin binding. | gm1 ganglioside has been localized on the surfaces of myelinated, peripheral nerve fibres by using immunofluorescence to detect cholera toxin receptors. unfixed, mouse sciatic nerves were teased into individual, intact fibres in order to expose their extracellular surfaces. cholera toxin binding sites were abundant at all nodes of ranvier; they were scarce on the internodal fibre surfaces. the nodal receptors were resistant to various degradative enzymes, including trypsin and proteinase k. prot ... | 1983 | 6363631 |
| new knowledge on pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections as applied to vaccine development. | this review attempts to synthesize the new knowledge of pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections and relate this information to vaccine development. discussion focuses on human infections and to those in which significant strides have been made. as a general theme in the pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections, pathogens can be characterized into 5 groups on the basis of their degree of ultimate invasiveness after ingestion by a susceptible hose: mucosal adherence and enterotoxin pro ... | 1983 | 6363898 |
| the use of luminous bacteria for determination of phagocytosis. | the existing methods for phagocytosis evaluation are inadequate for assessing all the real events occurring during phagocytosis, or for continuously following the kinetics of the process. our purpose is to establish the use of luminous bacteria as an object for phagocytosis. the bioluminescence test offers an easy and simple method to determine the kinetics of phagocytosis by following the luminescence of the bacteria. the terrestrial luminous bacteria vibrio cholerae var. albensis are readily p ... | 1983 | 6366060 |
| [determination of cholera enterotoxin in supernatants of homogenates from the wall of the small intestine in rabbits in the passive immune hemolysis reaction]. | the article presents the data indicating that suckling rabbits can be used as a model, specific only for enterotoxin-producing vibrio eltor strains. the signs characteristic of low virulence may appear as the consequence of the action of other products resulting from the vital activity of vibrios. no strains capable of producing toxin only in vivo or in vitro have been detected. the quantitative correlation of the synthesis of enterotoxin in the body of experimental animals and in vitro has been ... | 1984 | 6369845 |
| a longitudinal study of the prevalence of bacterial enteric pathogens among adults with diarrhea in bangkok, thailand. | six hundred sixty adults with diarrhea treated at bamrasnaradura hospital, bangkok, thailand were investigated to determine the prevalence, seasonality, and severity of diarrhea associated with bacterial enteric pathogens in 1980 and 1981. shigella were isolated from 27% and vibrio parahaemolyticus from 19% of the patients studied. enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (5%), salmonella (3%), non-01 vibrio cholerae (3%), campylobacter jejuni (1%), and group f vibrio (less than 1%) were isolated from a ... | 1983 | 6370564 |
| the glycoprotein 71 of ecotropic friend murine leukemia virus. structure of the oligosaccharides linked to asparagine-12. | the glycoprotein from friend murine leukemia virus was digested with protease from staphylococcus aureus v8. a glycopeptide comprising the n-terminal glycosylation site (asn-12) was isolated from the mixture of fragments and analyzed by amino acid sequencing and methylation-capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry before and after treatment with sialidase from vibrio cholerae. asn-12 was thus found to be substituted by a family of partially sialylated, fucosylated, and intersected glycopro ... | 1984 | 6370724 |
| rapid visual detection of escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae heat-labile enterotoxins by nitrocellulose enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a modification of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for a sensitive and rapid visual detection of heat-labile enterotoxins from escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae is described. small amounts of bacterial supernatant fluids are bound to nitrocellulose filters which are used as sorbents in the nitrocellulose enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the test is based on the immunological similarity between v. cholerae and e. coli heat-labile enterotoxins. six isolates of v. cholerae and 48 isolates ... | 1984 | 6371043 |
| [why cholera pandemics?]. | 1984 | 6373037 | |
| neuraminidase production by vibrio cholerae o1 and other diarrheagenic bacteria. | vibrio cholerae o1 strains belonging to both biotypes (classical and el tor) and both serotypes (ogawa and inaba) produced neuraminidase which was released rather than cell bound. classical strains made more neuraminidase than did el tor strains. about one-third of v. cholerae non-o1 strains and one-fourth of aeromonas hydrophila strains were neuraminidase positive. strains of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and shigella spp. did not produce detectable neuraminidase. | 1984 | 6373618 |
| a randomized, controlled trial of the toxin-blocking effects of b subunit in family members of patients with cholera. | a randomized, controlled field trial was performed to test the ability of b subunit, the nontoxic, binding portion of cholera toxin, to block the toxin receptors (gm1 ganglioside) in the small intestine and thereby prevent diarrhea in individuals infected with vibrio cholerae o1. of 1,922 family contacts of 370 index patients selected randomly to receive orally on two successive days either b subunit (low dose, 1.0 mg; high dose, 5.0 mg) or placebo, 190 were asymptomatically infected on day 1 or ... | 1984 | 6373961 |
| synthesis of cholera toxin is positively regulated at the transcriptional level by toxr. | we have cloned a positive regulatory gene ( toxr ) from vibrio cholerae that controls cholera toxin transcription. this was done by first constructing a genetic fusion consisting of the lacz gene fused to the promoter of the cholera toxin operon ctxab . this operon fusion was used to screen a v. cholerae genomic library for genes that could activate the ctx promoter in escherichia coli. this method allowed the identification of a gene, toxr , that increases ctx expression by more than 100-fold. ... | 1984 | 6374658 |
| [gamma-radiation sensitivity of bacterial intergeneric conjugants vibrio cholerae biotype proteus x serratia marcescens]. | it was shown that among intergeneric conjugants of vibrio cholerae biotype proteus (a donor) x serratia marcescens (a recipient), growing in a medium with two antibiotics, most of the clones are similar, in their sensitivity to gamma-radiation, to the recipient or only differ in their higher radioresistance. there are some clones with higher radiosensitivity. | 1984 | 6374748 |
| from the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases. summary of the 19th united states-japan joint cholera conference. | classical cholera has reappeared in asia after a 20-year hiatus, reminding us that we still have much to learn about the epidemiology of this disease. the unexpected recovery of v. cholerae from nonendemic estuarine waters suggests that the continued occurrence of clinical cholera may not be entirely dependent on repeated contamination of environmental waters by man. of critical importance has been the discovery and partial characterization of new enterotoxins produced by v. cholerae and etec, a ... | 1984 | 6376650 |
| biological and biochemical characteristics of vibriocins. | 1984 | 6378775 | |
| centenary of discovery of cholera vibrio. | 1983 | 6379057 | |
| [effect of gamma radiation on the immunobiological and immunochemical properties of cholera exotoxin. iii. the serological activity and immunochemical properties of irradiated unpurified toxin]. | the immunochemical properties and serological activity of irradiated preparations of crude cholera exotoxin have been studied. this study has revealed that with the increase of the dose of ionizing radiation changes occur in the physico-chemical properties of the preparations of the toxin, which leads to an increase in the electrophoretic motility of the protein components of the toxin, to the aggregation and polymerization of individual fragments. the preparations of antigen exotoxins have been ... | 1984 | 6380166 |
| the suitability of coagglutination for the rapid bacteriological diagnosis of vibrio cholerae 0:1. | 1983 | 6380449 | |
| detection of campylobacter by immunofluorescence in stools and rectal biopsies of patients with diarrhoea. | rabbit antiserum, elicited by the intravenous injection of a strain of campylobacter jejuni heated to 100 degrees c, cross reacted strongly with all other thermophilic campylobacters tested as well as with "c pyloridis" and could be detected by indirect fluorescence with labelled anti-rabbit serum. antisera to formalin killed cells did not do so. the correlation of positive stool culture with positive immunofluorescence of stools and rectal biopsies from patients with diarrhoea was 70-80%. some ... | 1984 | 6381550 |
| food microbiology update. emerging foodborne pathogens. | a review of three "emerging" foodborne pathogen groups is presented, including campylobacter jejuni/coli, yersinia enterocolitica, and foodborne vibrio sp. | 1983 | 6383214 |
| comparative behaviour of classical and el tor biotypes of vibrio cholerae 01 isolated in bangladesh during 1982. | the change from classical to the el tor biotype of vibrio cholerae during the early seventies in bangladesh remains to be elucidated. the shift in 1982 from el tor back to the classical was not predicted, but provided an opportunity to study both the biotypes occurring simultaneously in nature, compared with earlier isolates. comparative studies showed tcbs to be as good as ttga for isolation of the 2 biotypes. replacement of the el tor by the classical biotype as the dominant epidemic strain ... | 1983 | 6384354 |
| [sensitivity of diarrhea organisms to nifuroxazide]. | 1984 | 6386203 | |
| vibrio species of medical importance. | 1984 | 6386297 | |
| differential detection of cholera enterotoxin and escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with antibodies specific to the two toxins. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) with antibodies specific to either cholera enterotoxin (ct) of vibrio cholerae or heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were developed to detect lt and ct, respectively. with these elisa systems, lt and ct could be detected only with the respective specific antibody. both antibody elisa and ganglioside elisa were used for differential detection of lt and ct, but the former method seemed to be more specific. by this elisa, as ... | 1984 | 6386873 |
| [centenary of the discovery of vibrio cholerae by robert koch]. | 1984 | 6389925 | |
| the immune response of the mammary gland and its significance for the neonate. | the immune response of the mammary gland is dominated by local production of secretory iga antibodies (siga). these milk antibodies, amounting to about 0.5-1 g/day throughout lactation, are directed against food proteins and microorganisms often present in the intestine. this is presumably explained by the enteromammaric link: after antigenic exposure in the peyer's patches of lymphoid cells they home to various exocrine glands, including the mammary gland. similarly, lymphoid cells from the bro ... | 1984 | 6391286 |
| incidence of cholera in north-eastern karnataka (a bacteriological study). | 1984 | 6392408 | |
| mechanism of toxin secretion by vibrio cholerae investigated in strains harboring plasmids that encode heat-labile enterotoxins of escherichia coli. | a genetically engineered vibrio cholerae strain from which the cholera toxin genes had previously been deleted was used as a host in which to study the expression and secretion of related toxins and their subunits. recombinant plasmids encoding heat-labile enterotoxins (lts) from escherichia coli of human and porcine origin were expressed in the v. cholerae host, and this resulted in the secretion of the lts into the extracellular milieu. the secreted lts were isolated and it was found that the ... | 1984 | 6393126 |
| synergistic interaction of baker's yeast and iron in the enhancement of bacterial virulence. | the virulence-enhancing interaction of baker's yeast and different iron preparations (ferric ammonium citrate and iron dextran) was tested in mice challenged with salmonella typhi and vibrio cholerae (inaba and ogawa) strains. the virulence-enhancing effect of the yeast + iron combination increased significantly as compared to that of either yeast or iron alone. toxicity assays of the single and combined baker's yeast and iron preparations by the mouse weight gain test have shown that the combin ... | 1984 | 6393682 |
| monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for identification and serotyping of vibrio cholerae o1. | monoclonal antibodies directed against o-specific antigens of vibrio cholerae o1 lipopolysaccharide were used in two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas), designed for identification and serotyping of v. cholerae o1. in the sandwich elisa, a monoclonal antibody against the group-specific antigen was used as capture antibody, whereas peroxidase-conjugated monoclonal antibodies directed against group- and type-specific antigens were used as the second antibodies. monoclonal antibo ... | 1984 | 6394621 |
| transferable resistance to the vibriostatic agent 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl-pteridine (o/129) in vibrio cholerae. | 1984 | 6394970 | |
| selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. xv. acute diarrhea. | diarrhea claims the lives of at least five million children per year and is a major contributor to malnutrition in developing countries. a variety of infectious agents cause diarrhea through several pathogenic mechanisms. bacteria such as shigella can directly invade the intestinal mucosa, and those similar to vibrio cholerae or enterotoxigenic escherichia coli can produce toxins that alter cellular absorption and secretions. rotavirus appears to cause 30%-40% of diarrhea in toddlers. diarrhea f ... | 1984 | 6395270 |
| [studies on immune bactericidal reaction]. | 1984 | 6396421 | |
| [method for the detection and determination of heat-labile escherichia coli enterotoxin by an immunoenzyme technic on a new polystyrene support adapted for a test kit]. | an elisa method on microtitration plates to detect and assay escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) is described. this technique is rapid and simple to perform in any laboratory. it allows detection of the presence of lt with the naked eye within 10 h in a 12-h e. coli culture supernatant. the reaction is based on immunological cross-reaction between lt and the vibrio cholerae toxin (ct). in place of traditional microtitration plates coated with ganglioside gm1, we propose a new polystyre ... | 1984 | 6398008 |
| saturable attachment sites for type 3 mammalian reovirus on murine l cells and human hela cells. | attachment of [35s]methionine-labelled mammalian type 3 reovirus to murine l cells and human hela cells was studied under equilibrium conditions. cellular attachment sites could be completely saturated with 35s-labelled reovirus, indicating that specific attachment sites for reovirus are present on the surface of these cells. we calculated that l cells possess about 86000-105000 attachment sites per cell while hela cells possess about 126000-147000 sites per cell for type 3 reovirus. unlabelled ... | 1984 | 6398564 |
| drug resistance in gram-negative aerobic bacilli. | 1984 | 6398728 | |
| [sensitivity of cholera vibrions to specific phages]. | 1984 | 6400805 | |
| [variability of cholera vibrions, cultured at a temperature of 5 degrees c]. | 1984 | 6400812 | |
| separation of rabbit ileum mucus secretion from electrolyte and water secretion by cholera enterotoxin, verapamil and a23187. | net water, na+, cl- and hco3- fluxes were measured in in vivo rabbit ileal loops, while mucus secretion was assessed by measuring the glycoprotein or total sialic acid secreted into the lumen, or by measuring the luminal fluid viscosity. inoculating loops with cholera enterotoxin (ct) produced a sustained secretion of electrolytes and water, but a more transient secretion of mucus. a dose of verapamil was found which, when included in the luminal fluid, inhibited or delayed the ct-induced mucus ... | 1983 | 6402630 |
| [possibilities of immunologic management of brown-pearce carcinoma in rabbits]. | the efficacy of the active specific immunotherapy and immune prophylaxis against the brown pearce carcinoma in rabbits was tested. the tumor cells taken as antigens were either untreated or treated with mitomycin c combined or not with vibrio-cholerae-neuraminidase. the immune prophylaxis using tumor cells prepared this way proved to be very effective. in contrast, immunotherapy of rabbits with tumors was not effective, even when immunization was started directly after transplantation. possible ... | 1983 | 6405336 |
| [a case of cholerae infected in japan and environmental investigation for vibrios]. | 1983 | 6408198 | |
| evidence that a non-o1 vibrio cholerae produces enterotoxin that is similar but not identical to cholera enterotoxin. | cholera-like enterotoxin produced by a non-o1 strain of vibrio cholerae, s7 (s7 enterotoxin), isolated from human diarrheal stool, was purified, and its physicochemical, biological, and immunological properties were compared with those of cholera enterotoxin from v. cholerae o1 569b (ct) and an enterotoxin produced by another non-o1 v. cholerae (e8498 enterotoxin) reported previously (yamamoto et al., infect. immun. 39:1128-1135, 1983). the purified s7 enterotoxin had physicochemical properties ... | 1983 | 6411622 |
| from the national institutes of health. summary of a workshop on the clone concept in the epidemiology, taxonomy, and evolution of the enterobacteriaceae and other bacteria. | 1983 | 6411834 | |
| [the pathogenicity of ubol type el tor vibrio]. | 1983 | 6413603 | |
| the serological properties of the cell surface proteins of vibrio cholerae. | the serological properties of cell surface proteins of vibrio cholerae belonging to both the biotypes (classical and el tor) and the serotypes (ogawa and inaba) were investigated. proteins were isolated by extracting v. cholerae with edta in the presence of sodium chloride. the surface localization of these proteins was confirmed with (a) radioiodinated protein a as an immunoprobe and (b) antiserum absorption studies with whole bacteria. there were similarities among the polypeptides of cell sur ... | 1983 | 6415227 |
| vibrio cholerae soluble hemagglutinin/protease is a metalloenzyme. | a soluble hemagglutinin/protease produced by vibrio cholerae, which has previously been shown to hydrolyze fibronectin and ovomucin and to cleave lactoferrin and the a subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli, appears to be a zinc metalloendopeptidase. both its hemagglutinative and protease functions are inhibited by chelating agents, including zincov, a hydroxamic acid derivative specifically designed to inhibit zinc metalloproteases. thermolysin, a known zinc-containing prote ... | 1983 | 6417020 |
| robert koch and the cholera vibrio: a centenary. | 1984 | 6419937 | |
| toxin receptors and their pathogenetic significance. | the pathogenetic significance of toxin receptor interaction in disease is examplified by infectious diarrhoea. the world-wide problem of infectious diarrhoea is presented with regard to epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology. enterotoxigenic diarrhoea is examined in the light of recent knowledge on toxin receptor interaction, which has greatly contributed to new vaccine as well as drug development in this disease condition. | 1984 | 6425929 |
| enzyme-linked immunoassays for antibodies against vibrio cholerae. | glutaraldehyde-treated v. cholerae organisms bind firmly to the surfaces of plastic microelisa plates, thus providing a stable immobilized antigen for use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). serum absorption and elisa-inhibition experiments indicate that, in addition to detecting natural antibodies in normal rat serum, the immobilized antigen may be used to quantitate specific anti-v. cholerae antibodies induced in rats by injection of live organisms. apart from serotypically specific ... | 1983 | 6426450 |
| structure and cell envelope associations of flagellar basal complexes of vibrio cholerae and campylobacter fetus. | to isolate intact flagella with basal complexes from vibrio cholerae, a rhamnolipid hemolysin from pseudomonas aeruginosa was used to disrupt the cell envelope and flagellar sheath. the nonionic detergent, triton x-100, provided similar results for campylobacter fetus. each of these basal complexes possessed, in addition to the four classical rings, concentric membrane rings (cmr's) similar to those found in aquaspirillum serpens. through the use of stereo imaging (which allows structures to be ... | 1984 | 6426766 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae hemolysin: purification, partial characterization, and immunological relatedness to el tor hemolysin. | hemolysin of a non-o1 vibrio cholerae strain was purified and characterized. the purified hemolysin gave a single protein band on conventional and sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis. its molecular weight was estimated as 60,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. it had a pi of 5.7. the purified hemolysin caused increased vascular permeability of rabbit skin and rapid death of mice on intravenous injection and also lysed erythrocytes of various animal speci ... | 1984 | 6429044 |
| a trial of adjuvant combination chemoimmunotherapy for stage iii carcinoma of stomach. | a chemoimmunotherapy program designed on the basis of experimental results was administered to 27 patients with stage iii carcinoma of stomach following curative resection. the treatment regimen consisted of active immunotherapy with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn)-treated autologous tumor cells admixed with bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) and chemotherapy with drugs such as cyclophosphamide (cy), mitomycin c (mmc), and 5-fluorouracil (fu) which proved to enhance the immune response when admi ... | 1984 | 6429448 |
| combination chemoimmunotherapy for advanced gastric carcinoma. | eighty-nine patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were treated with a combination chemo-immunotherapy regimen that consisted of active immunotherapy with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn) treated autologous tumor cells admixed with bcg and drugs including cyclophosphamide, mitomycin c (mmc) and 5-fluorouracil, followed by long term tegafur (ft) and immunomodulators. this treatment significantly improved survival rate of patients in stages iii, iv and unresectable or recurrent carcinoma, com ... | 1984 | 6431164 |
| effect of ph on the binding of vicia graminea lectin to erythrocytes. dependence on the chemical character of red-cell receptors. | binding of the radioactive vicia graminea lectin to human blood-group m and n erythrocytes and to horse erythrocytes was studied at ph 6-10. binding of the lectin to untreated human erythrocytes and to those treated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase increased severalfold from ph 6 to ph 8 and was maintained at the maximal level up to ph 9/9.5. on the other hand, interaction of v. graminea lectin with native or desialylated horse erythrocytes was not significantly affected by ph and small differ ... | 1984 | 6432538 |
| vibrio cholerae hemagglutinin/protease nicks cholera enterotoxin. | unnicked cholera enterotoxin was isolated from culture supernatants of vibrio cholerae 569b by either rapid processing of flask-grown cultures or by growing and processing fermentor cultures in the presence of ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n,n',n'-tetra acetic acid, an inhibitor of the previously described v. cholerae hemagglutinin/protease. when unnicked cholera enterotoxin was incubated with purified hemagglutinin/protease, the unnicked a subunit was converted to a molecular wei ... | 1984 | 6432694 |
| [suppression of ige antibody production by component of vibrio cholerae]. | 1984 | 6434645 | |
| [suppressive effects of ige antibody formation of orally administered living and killed vibrio cholerae cells in mice]. | 1984 | 6434656 | |
| nature and location of amide-bound (r)-3-acyloxyacyl groups in lipid a of lipopolysaccharides from various gram-negative bacteria. | it has previously been demonstrated [eur. j. biochem. 124, 191-198 (1982) and 137, 15-22 (1983)] that the lipid a component of salmonella and proteus lipopolysaccharides contains amide-linked (r)-3-acyloxyacyl residues. in the present study lipid a of other gram-negative bacteria was analysed for the presence of amide-bound 3-acyloxyacyl residues. it was found that such residues are constituents of all lipid a tested (agrobacterium tumefaciens, chromobacterium violaceum, pseudomonas aeruginosa, ... | 1984 | 6437812 |
| antigenic s-type lipopolysaccharide of brucella abortus 1119-3. | antigenic phenol-phase soluble lipopolysaccharide isolated from brucella abortus 1119-3 by hot phenol-water extraction was shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, controlled hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, methylation, and 1h and 13c nuclear magnetic resonance studies to be an s-type lipopolysaccharide which could be cleaved to yield a lipid a and an o-chain polysaccharide identified as an unbranched linear homopolymer of 1,2-linked 4,6-dideoxy-4-formamido-alpha-d-ma ... | 1984 | 6437981 |
| an immunochemical procedure to evaluate the degree of desialylation of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in rat serum. | when radial immunodiffusion (rid) and electroimmunodiffusion (eid) were used for the determination of rat alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-agp) a significant discrepancy in the results was encountered depending on the degree of sialylation. when alpha 1-agp was desialylated, the amounts estimated by eid were much lower than those actually present as assayed by the rid method. the relationship between the percentage of desialylation of alpha 1-agp and the percentage of its underestimation by ei ... | 1984 | 6438239 |
| antibacterial monoclonal antibodies and the dawn of a new era in the control of infection. | literature reports concerned with monoclonal antibodies against bacteria, or their toxins, which are pathogens for man and animals were surveyed. these antibodies have important potential uses in human and veterinary pathology and medicine. they are likely to become key elements in a fast progression toward a more complete understanding and control of infectious diseases and of toxin poisoning. a new area of bacteriology relevant to sanitary engineering is also being advanced with the help of an ... | 1984 | 6438759 |
| [effect of gamma radiation on the immunobiological and immunochemical properties of cholera exotoxin. iv. the biological and immunochemical properties of purified irradiated choleragen]. | the results of investigations carried out to study the effect of gamma radiation on the properties of the purified preparations of cholera exotoxin are presented. irradiation has been shown to decrease the anterotoxicity of purified choleragen and the activity of its permeability factor, depending on the radiation dose. the investigations have revealed that in purified toxin enterotoxicity is completely inactivated with a lover radiation dose than in crude toxin filtrate (25 kgy). in immunochemi ... | 1984 | 6438968 |
| identification of a disialoganglioside (gd1a) containing terminal n-acetyl-9-o-acetylneuraminic acid in rat erythrocytes. | gangliosides containing 350 micrograms of sialic acids were isolated from 2.85 x 10(11) rat erythrocytes and found to be mainly composed of gd1a and an unknown alkali-labile species which was converted to gd1a after treatment with ammonia. smaller amounts of gm1 and fuc-gm1 were also present. identification of the sialic acids of the novel species by thin-layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography--mass spectrometry revealed the presence of both n- ... | 1984 | 6440851 |
| [antibacterial effect of borreverine, an alkaloid isolated from borreria verticillata (rubiaceae)]. | borreria verticillata, a very common tropical plant, is used in traditional pharmacopeia to recover cutaneous infections. the borreverine alkaloid extracted from this plant had an antimicrobial action in vitro. the minimal inhibitory concentration is lower than 50 micrograms/ml for gram positive cocci, (specially staphylococcus aureus) and than 6 micrograms/ml for vibrio cholerae and upper than 200 micrograms/ml for several gram negative rod-bacteria (enterobacteria and pseudomonas). these preli ... | 1980 | 6449275 |
| [serum antibodies against antigens of nag vibrio in rabbits (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 6450643 | |
| effect of iron limitation on growth, siderophore production, and expression of outer membrane proteins of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae strains secrete a phenolate-type siderophore when grown in low-iron medium. the siderophore was detected as early as 3.5 h after downshift to iron-poor medium, and it continued to accumulate in the medium as the cells entered stationary phase. two clinical isolates and an environmental isolate were examined for the amount of siderophore produced. the environmental isolate produced more siderophore and continued to secrete it at concentrations of iron that repressed synthesis in t ... | 1982 | 6460753 |
| [antitoxic system of the small intestine and liver in rats exposed to cholera enterotoxin]. | the effect of cholera enterotoxin on glutathione-s-transferase (gt), glutathione peroxidase (gp) and superoxide dismutase (sod) in cytosols of the rat small intestinal mucosa and liver was studied in an experimental ligated jejunal loop. it was found that changes in the detoxication enzymatic activity were phasic in nature in both the mucous membrane of all parts of the small intestine and in the liver: the decrease within the first 30 min to 1 h was replaced by activation after 2 h followed by ... | 1984 | 6466855 |
| purification of enterotoxins from vibrio mimicus that appear to be identical to cholera toxin. | cholera toxin-like (ct-like) enterotoxins produced by two strains of vibrio mimicus, 61892 and 63616, isolated from diarrhea patients in bangladesh, were purified, and their physicochemical, biological, and immunological properties were compared with those of ct produced by classical vibrio cholerae 569b. the ct-like toxins were produced by lincomycin-resistant mutants grown in the presence of lincomycin at 200 micrograms/ml for strain 63616 and 250 micrograms/ml for strain 61892 and were purifi ... | 1984 | 6469354 |
| weak serum and intestinal antibody responses to vibrio cholerae soluble hemagglutinin in cholera patients. | a soluble hemagglutinin/protease from vibrio cholerae has been suggested to be a putative virulence factor and protective antigen. however, clinical cholera infection gave rise to detectable serum antibody responses to soluble hemagglutinin in only 2 of 10 bangladeshi patients or 1 of 17 cholera-infected north american volunteers. a gut mucosal immunoglobulin a antibody response to soluble hemagglutinin was seen in 4 of 8 bangladeshi patients, but in 0 of 10 north american volunteers. these resp ... | 1984 | 6469362 |
| membrane-bound hemagglutinin mediates antibody and complement-dependent lysis of influenza virus-treated human platelets in autologous serum. | influenza a virus-treated human platelets were lyzed in autologous serum. lysis required the presence of antibody and occurred predominantly through activation of the classical complement pathway. binding of the virus followed by its elution at 37 degrees c resulted in a dose-dependent desialation of the cells with a maximal release of 45% of total platelet sialic acid. in contrast, platelets that had been treated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase and from which 55% of total sialic acid had bee ... | 1984 | 6470149 |
| studies on heterogeneous lipopolysaccharide fractions of vibrio cholerae 569b. | by sds-page or gel filtration on sephadex g-25, lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from vibrio cholerae 569b (inaba) can be separated into two distinct fractions, one corresponding to smooth lps and the other to rough lps. pulse-labelling of lps with [14c]glucose showed that the rough form is synthesized first followed by the biosynthesis of the smooth form. a preferential release of the smooth lps of v. cholerae 569b was also detected during normal growth of cells. | 1984 | 6470675 |
| lysis of vibrio cholerae cells: direct isolation of the outer membrane from whole cells by treatment with urea. | cells of vibrio cholerae underwent rapid autolysis when suspended in media of low osmolarity under non-growing conditions. chaotropes like urea and guanidine. hcl which are potent protein denaturants caused complete and immediate lysis of whole cells. this unique sensitivity of v. cholerae to protein denaturants led to the development of a rapid method for the selective isolation of the outer membrane upon treatment of whole cells with urea. the composition of the outer membrane isolated from bo ... | 1984 | 6470676 |
| intervention studies and the definition of dominant transmission routes. | a common approach to assessing the relative importance of different transmission routes is to eliminate transmission through one route and assume that the ratio "number of cases eliminated:number of residual cases" measures the relative importance of the eliminated route vis-à-vis the residual transmission route. a quantitative model is used to generate synthetic data similar to those analyzed by epidemiologists. these data are analyzed using this conventional procedure and the inferences drawn ... | 1984 | 6475919 |
| [standardization of cholera vaccine and preparation of a national reference standard]. | the antigenic potency of the proposed national reference preparations in comparison with that of the corresponding international reference preparations was studied by means of the active protection test in mice. the antigenic potency of the proposed national reference preparations for inaba and ogawa was found to be the same or even greater than the antigenic potency of the international reference preparations for cholera vaccine. a high level of antigenic activity was observed during comparison ... | 1984 | 6485669 |
| cholera in indonesia: epidemiologic studies of transmission in aceh province. | to determine the modes of transmission of cholera in the regency of pidie, indonesia, and to consider strategies for its control, we set up a laboratory to identify vibrio cholerae 01 from patients with severe diarrhea in all government clinics in the regency and questioned culture-positive cases and neighborhood controls about possible exposures to v. cholerae 01. between 12 july and 15 august 1982, 63 of 138 suspected cholera cases were confirmed by the laboratory; 53 of these patients were se ... | 1984 | 6486303 |
| [introduction of the inoculum into the upper agar layer as an alternative method in determining microorganism sensitivity to antibiotics by diffusion in agar]. | a procedure for addition of the inoculum to the surface layer of semisynthetic agar was developed and recommended for the use in the assay of antibiotic sensitivity of microorganisms. the procedure differs from the alternative method of barry et al. it is of special value when it is necessary to determine antibiotic sensitivity of the pathogens of highly contagious infections with the agar diffusion method. | 1984 | 6486754 |
| influence of water temperature, salinity, and ph on survival and growth of toxigenic vibrio cholerae serovar 01 associated with live copepods in laboratory microcosms. | the influence of water temperature, salinity, and ph on the multiplication of toxigenic vibrio cholerae serovar o1 cells and their attachment to live planktonic crustaceans, i.e., copepods, was investigated by using laboratory microcosms. by increasing water temperatures up to 30 degrees c, a pronounced effect on the multiplication of v. cholerae was demonstrated, as was attachment of the cells to live copepods. these were measured by culturable counts on agar plates and direct observation by sc ... | 1984 | 6486784 |
| interaction between rat peritoneal macrophages and sialidase-treated erythrocytes: biochemical and morphological studies. | rat peritoneal macrophages bind and phagocytose homologous, sialidase-treated erythrocytes at a rate depending on the number of red cells and the amount of sialic acids released. vibrio cholerae sialidase only partially (75%) removes the sialic acid residues from rat erythrocytes, whereas with arthrobacter ureafaciens sialidase complete desialylation is possible. analysis of the sialic acids by capillary gas-liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (glc-ms) revealed the occurrence o ... | 1984 | 6487288 |
| furazolidone-induced inter-strand cross-linking of vibrio cholerae dna: a quantitative study by thermal chromatography through hydroxyapatite column. | 1984 | 6490062 | |
| transmission of non o group 1 vibrio cholerae by raw oyster consumption. | after having eaten dinner many customers of a restaurant in dolo (venice) developed gastroenteritis with diarrhoea and vomiting. strains of non o group 1 vibrio cholerae were isolated from rectal swabs of four customers. epidemiological investigations revealed an association between the illness and raw oyster consumption (p = 0.008). also, an association was found between age and illness among males (p = 0.034). as a consequence of this outbreak, a gastroenteritis surveillance programme was run ... | 1984 | 6490304 |