Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| onset of protection from experimental infection with type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus following vaccination with a modified-live vaccine. | the onset of protection after the administration of a modified-live bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) vaccine was determined. protection was determined following experimental infection with a virulent type-2 bvdv (strain 1373) in cattle vaccinated 3, 5, or 7 days before bvdv infection. protection, as measured by reduced virus shedding, lack of leukopenia, reduction in viremia, and reduced mortality, was present as early as 3 days after vaccination with a single dose of modified-live bvdv vaccin ... | 2007 | 17447228 |
| effect of cantharidin, cephalotaxine and homoharringtonine on "in vitro" models of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) replication. | the effect as antiviral agents versus viral hepatitis b and c of three compounds purified from natural products commonly used as remedies in traditional chinese medicine, cantharidin, cephalotaxine and homoharingtonine, was investigated. to assess the activity of these compounds against flavivirus, we used bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) as a surrogate for hepatitis c virus (hcv). anti-bvdv activity was determined by reduction in bvdv-rna production and protection of infected embryonic bovin ... | 2007 | 17458779 |
| development and application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of bovine viral diarrhea antibody based on erns glycoprotein expressed in a baculovirus system. | the bvdv envelope glycoprotein e(rns)/gp48 and the c terminal 79 amino acids of the capsid protein coding region were expressed in a baculovirus system and antigenically characterized. western blot assay was used to detect recombinant e(rns) (r-e(rns)) in infected insect cells using specific monoclonal antibodies. the r-e(rns) was then used in an indirect elisa to detect bvdv specific antibodies in a panel of 540 well-characterized sera. results of the r-e(rns) elisa were compared to those obtai ... | 2007 | 17459828 |
| comparison of five diagnostic methods for detecting bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves. | five diagnostic techniques performed on skin biopsies (shoulder region) and/or serum were compared for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in 224 calves 0-3 months of age, 23 calves older than 3 months but younger than 7 months, and 11 cattle older than 7 months. the diagnostic methods used were immunohistochemistry (ihc), 2 commercial antigen elisas, 1 commercial antibody elisa, and real-time rt-pcr. results of 249 out of 258 skin and serum samples were identical and correlated w ... | 2007 | 17459829 |
| failure to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus in necropsied farm-raised white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in pennsylvania. | between january 1 and december 31, 2005 gross and histologic examinations were performed on carcasses of 61 farm-raised white-tailed deer originating from pennsylvania. single-tube real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time rt-pcr) for the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 (bvdv-1) and type 2 (bvdv-2) was performed on each animal. virus isolation was performed on tissue samples from 25 of 61 animals. immunohistochemical (ihc) staining of ear-notch skin to ... | 2007 | 17459862 |
| risk assessment of transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in abattoir-derived in vitro produced embryos. | bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pathogen of the bovine reproductive system causing reduced conception rates, abortions and persistently infected calves. most if not all strains of bvdv are transmissible by natural mating and ai. for international trade, it is recommended that in vitro fertilized embryos be washed according to the iets manual. however, bvdv may not be entirely washed out, resulting in possible transmission risks to recipients. donor cows, donor bulls and biological agents ... | 2007 | 17462725 |
| molecular epidemiology of bovine noroviruses in south korea. | since the prevalence of bovine norovirus (bnov) and their genetic diversity have only been reported in the usa, england, germany and the netherlands, this study examined the prevalence and genetic diversity of bnovs in diarrheic calves in south korea using 645 diarrheic fecal specimens from calves by rt-pcr and nested pcr assays. overall, 9.3% of the diarrheic fecal samples tested positive for bnovs by either rt-pcr or nested pcr, of which 5.9% samples also tested positive for other enteric path ... | 2007 | 17466472 |
| partitioning and inactivation of viruses by the caprylic acid precipitation followed by a terminal pasteurization in the manufacturing process of horse immunoglobulins. | caprylic acid (octanoic acid), has been used for over 50 years as a stabilizer of human albumin during pasteurization. in addition caprylic acid is of great interest, by providing the advantage of purifying mammalian immunoglobulins and clearing viruses infectivity in a single step. exploiting these two properties, we sequentially used the caprylic acid precipitation and the pasteurization to purify horse hyperimmune globulins used in the manufacturing of sérocytol. to evaluate the effectiveness ... | 2007 | 17470396 |
| nonstructural proteins ns2-3 and ns4a of classical swine fever virus: essential features for infectious particle formation. | the nonstructural protein ns2-3 of pestiviruses undergoes tightly regulated processing. for bovine viral diarrhea virus it was shown that uncleaved ns2-3 is required for infectious particle formation while cleaved ns3 is essential for genome replication. to further investigate the functions of ns2-3 and ns4a in the pestivirus life cycle, we established t7 rna polymerase-dependent trans-complementation for p7-ns2-3-4a of classical swine fever virus (csfv). expression of ns2-3 and ns4a in trans re ... | 2007 | 17482232 |
| serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses in wild boar (sus scrofa) in the republic of croatia. | the presence of serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever (csf) virus and other pestiviruses among the wild boar (sus scrofa) population in croatia was investigated. during 2003, serum samples from 214 wild boars were collected in 10 hunting areas in the continental part of the country. the sera were examined by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) and in the virus neutralization test (vnt). out of 214 sera tested 111 (51.87 %) were positive by elisa and regarding neutralising antibodies, ag ... | 2007 | 17484502 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 isolated from indian goats (capra hircus). | recent studies have shown that bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 1 is widely prevalent in indian cattle. in a surveillance of randomly collected 562 blood samples from seven states during 2004-2006, bvdv type 2 was detected in two native indian goats by nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (nrt-pcr). the virus isolated from them was classified antigenically as bvdv 2 on the basis of virus neutralization test and reactivity with monoclonal antibodies. phylogenetic analysis ... | 2007 | 17509780 |
| truncated e2 of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) expressed in drosophila melanogaster cells: a candidate antigen for a bvdv elisa. | a simple and reliable indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies directed against a major bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) immunogen, the e2 glycoprotein (te2-elisa), has been developed using the recombinant c-terminal truncated e2 glycoprotein (te2) expressed in a drosophila melanogaster system. this strategy demonstrated that te2 is secreted efficiently in the supernatant, no purification steps are necessary, it is easy to produce and carries out the post translat ... | 2007 | 17512989 |
| serological survey for antibodies against pestiviruses in sheep in austria. | the prevalence of antibodies to pestiviruses was investigated in 4931 sheep, in 377 flocks, in four federal states of austria, by means of an indirect elisa that detected antibodies to border disease virus (bdv) and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). the mean flock prevalence was 62.9 per cent and the mean individual prevalence was 29.4 per cent. comparative neutralisation studies on the elisa-positive samples with bvdv type 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv type 2 (bvdv-2) and bdv recorded 336 samples with hi ... | 2007 | 17526894 |
| seroprevalence of bvdv in cattle of different ages on 17 dairy farms in western england. | 2007 | 17526896 | |
| ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of interferon regulatory factor-3 induced by npro from a cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections is complex and only partly understood. it remains controversial whether interferon is produced in cells infected with cytopathic(cp) bvdvs which do not persist in vivo. we show here that a cpbvdv (nadl strain) does not induce interferon responses in cell culture and blocks induction of interferon-stimulated genes by a super-infecting paramyxovirus. cpbvdv infection causes a marked loss of interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf-3), a ... | 2007 | 17531282 |
| prevalence of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef cow-calf herds enrolled in a voluntary screening project. | to report the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in calves and calf groups (ie, calves from the same farm) in beef breeding herds and evaluate the ability of biosecurity risk assessment questionnaires to identify calf groups with positive results for bvdv. | 2007 | 17542740 |
| packaged replicons of bovine viral diarrhea virus are capable of inducing a protective immune response. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) replicons with deletions within the capsid, e(rns) or e1 encoding region were constructed and efficiently packaged with a helper cell line. high titres of packaged replicons were observed as early as 24 h after transfection, whereas no virus progeny could be detected after transfection of non-complementing cells. infection of bovine cell cultures with rescued viruses resulted in one cycle of replication without release of infectious virus particles, and no gene ... | 2007 | 17544049 |
| genetic and pathobiological characterization of bovine viral diarrhea viruses recently isolated from cattle in japan. | the 475 strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolated from cattle in 12 prefectures of japan in the last 7 years were phylogenetically classified as bvdv-1 or bvdv-2 on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of the 5'-untranslated region. bvdv-1 strains were further subtyped as 1a (101 strains), 1b (163), 1c (128), 1j (3), and so cp/75-like (1), and all of the 79 bvdv-2 strains belonged to subtype 2a. these 2a bvdvs contain two isolates that had high nucleotide identities with those of hi ... | 2007 | 17551225 |
| hemorrhagic syndrome-like disease in calves with bovine viral diarrhea and mucosal disease complex. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection is one of the causes of hemorrhagic diathesis in cattle but there have been limited field studies about that condition. | 2007 | 17552460 |
| occurrence of a second strain of bvdv-2 in the uk. | 2007 | 17558034 | |
| a common neutralizing epitope on envelope glycoprotein e2 of different pestiviruses: implications for improvement of vaccines and diagnostics for classical swine fever (csf)? | the pestivirus genus within the family of flaviviridae consists of at least three species; classical swine fever virus (csfv) found in swine and wild boar, bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-i and bvdv-ii) mainly isolated from cattle and border disease virus (bdv) preferably replicating in ovine species. many features demonstrate differences between csfv and other pestiviruses, bvdv-i, bvdv-ii and bdv, here defined as noncsfv, whereas other features show similarities between al ... | 2007 | 17561359 |
| evidence for positive selection on the e2 gene of bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1. | despite the growing interest in the molecular epidemiology of pestivirus, there have been few attempts to determine which regions of the pestivirus genome are subject to positive selection, although this may be a key indicator of the nature of the interaction between host and virus. by using likelihood-based methods for phylogenetic inference, the positive selection pressure of bvdv-1 e2 gene were assessed and a site-by-site analysis of the dn/ds ratio was performed, to identify specific codons ... | 2007 | 17566858 |
| a scoring system for risk assessment of the introduction and spread of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in dairy herds in northern italy. | to support a voluntary disease control program, this study aimed to develop an integrated scoring system for the risk assessment of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infection in dairy herds in northern italy. sixty-two dairy herds were classified according to their bvdv serological status. farmers were interviewed using a questionnaire on potential bvdv risk factors. scores were used to define risk levels for factors related to (1) bvdv introduction (through livestock trade, attendance of ani ... | 2008 | 17574459 |
| recombinant e2 glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus induces a solid humoral neutralizing immune response but fails to confer total protection in cattle. | two recombinant baculoviruses were produced in order to obtain a bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) immunogen: acnpv/e2 expressing e2 glycoprotein, and acnpv/e0e1e2 expressing the polyprotein region coding for the three structural proteins of bvdv (e0, e1, and e2). mice were immunized with sf9 cells infected with the recombinant baculoviruses in a water in oil formulation and the production of neutralizing antibodies was evaluated. since e2 elicited higher neutralizing antibody titers than e0-e1 ... | 2007 | 17581680 |
| variation in e(rns) viral glycoprotein associated with failure of immunohistochemistry and commercial antigen capture elisa to detect a field strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) affects cattle populations causing clinical signs that range from subclinical immunosuppression to severe reproductive and respiratory problems. detection and removal of persistently infected (pi) calves is the single most important factor for control and eradication of bvdv. current testing strategies to detect pi calves rely heavily on immunohistochemistry (ihc) and a commercially available antigen capture elisa (ace) assay. these viral assays depend on 1 or ... | 2007 | 17582710 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv): epidemiologic concerns relative to semen and embryos. | artificial insemination and embryo transfer are used commonly in cattle production and exchange of germplasm between populations of cattle. if properly monitored, assisted reproductive techniques can be used to prevent the spread of infectious agents. however, these techniques potentially represent unnatural routes for transmission of diseases. bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is broadly distributed among the world's populations of cattle. fluids, gametes and somatic cells from infected animal ... | 2007 | 17588651 |
| molecular phylogenetic analysis of bovine viral diarrhoea virus: a bayesian approach. | genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is important for precise classification of viruses. traditionally, inferring bvdv phylogeny has been performed by distance-based method, i.e. neighbor-joining for single genes. in this study, a bayesian approach was exploited to analyze five genetic regions of bvdv genome (5' utr, n(pro), e2a, e2b, and ns3) for 68 taxa retrieved from genbank. the results showed that all taxa in the consensus tree of e2a have been assigned correctly to corresp ... | 2007 | 17597244 |
| compatibility of plasmids encoding bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 e2 in a single dna vaccine formulation. | type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has become increasingly prevalent worldwide, and currently the ratio of type 2 to type 1 strains in the usa approaches 50%. although there is cross-reactivity between bvdv type 1 and type 2 strains, bvdv1 vaccine strains poorly protect from type 2 infection, so vaccines against bvdv should contain antigens from both bvdv types. previously we demonstrated efficacy of a bvdv1 e2 dna vaccine, and in this study we optimized a bvdv2 e2 dna vaccine. furthermor ... | 2007 | 17597267 |
| resistance of surface-dried virus to common disinfection procedures. | it is believed that surface-dried viruses can remain infectious and may therefore pose a threat to public health. to help address this issue, we studied 0.1 n naoh and 0.1% hypochlorite for their capacity to inactivate surface-dried lipid-enveloped (le) [human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and pseudorabies virus (prv)] and non-lipid-enveloped [nle; canine parvovirus (cpv) and hepatitis a virus (hav)] viruses in a background of either plasma or culture medium. ... | 2007 | 17601636 |
| calf-level risk factors for neonatal diarrhea and shedding of cryptosporidium parvum in ontario dairy calves. | this work was conducted to investigate calf-level factors that influence the risk of neonatal diarrhea and shedding of cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in calves, on dairy farms in ontario with histories of calf diarrhea or cryptosporidiosis. fecal samples were collected weekly for 4 weeks from each of 1045 calves under 30 days of age on 11 dairy farms in south-western ontario during the summer of 2003 and the winter of 2004. a questionnaire designed to gather information on calf-level management ... | 2007 | 17602767 |
| effect of maternal cells transferred with colostrum on cellular responses to pathogen antigens in neonatal calves. | to assess the effect of maternal cells or cellular components on neonatal immune responses to intracellular pathogens in calves. | 2007 | 17605614 |
| characterization of protection against systemic infection and disease from experimental bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 infection by use of a modified-live noncytopathic type 1 vaccine in calves. | to evaluate protection resulting from use of a modified-live noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 1 vaccine against systemic infection and clinical disease in calves challenged with type 2 bvdv. | 2007 | 17605616 |
| comparison of tests for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in diagnostic samples. | currently, a variety of tests are used to detect bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in persistently infected (pi) cattle. these tests include immunohistochemical staining (ihc), antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ace), virus isolation (vi), and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). however, a lack of methods standardization could compromise the ability to consistently identify animals infected with bvdv. this study evaluated the diagnostic proficiency of curre ... | 2007 | 17609346 |
| characterizing clearance of helper adenovirus by a clinical raav1 manufacturing process. | recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (raav) are being developed as gene therapy delivery vehicles and as genetic vaccines, and some of the most scaleable manufacturing methods for raav use live adenovirus to induce production. one aspect of establishing safety of raav products is therefore demonstrating adequate and reliable clearance of this helper virus by the vector purification process. the ich q5a regulatory guidance on viral safety provides recommendations for process design and char ... | 2008 | 17644406 |
| separation of a soluble antigen and infectious particles of bovine viral diarrhea viruses and their relationship to hog cholera. | a soluble antigen present in infectious tissue culture fluids was separated from the infective virus particle by ultracentrifugation of two serologically related strains of bovine viral diarrhea viruses, nadl-md and oregon c24v. neutralizing antibodies against the two viruses were absent in four hog cholera antisera, but present in significant titer in the commercially prepared antiserum. precipitin tests utilizing the agar double diffusion technique formed a single line of identity between the ... | 1963 | 17649440 |
| demonstration of an antigenic relationship between hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhea viruses by immunofluorescence. | specific staining of antigen within bovine embryo kidney tissue culture cells, infected with either oregon c24v or nadl-md bovine viral diarrhea virus, was accomplished using fluorescein-conjugated swine anti-hog cholera or bovine antiviral diarrhea globulin. also specific staining of antigen within pig kidney tissue culture cells, infected with hog cholera virus, was accomplished using the same two types of conjugates. specificity was confirmed by appropriate controls. the authors found immunof ... | 1963 | 17649449 |
| noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses detected and titrated by immunofluorescence. | noncytopathogenic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) disease agents can be detected and titrated in tissue culture systems by a method employing immunofluorescence. cytopathogenic (cp) and ncp viruses cross react with fluorescein-conjugated serum globulins produced against either cp and ncp viruses, but the fluorescence is more intense in the homologous system. serum neutralization titers of sera against both cp and ncp groups were compared for both groups of viruses, and results of cross reactio ... | 1964 | 17649508 |
| the properties and classification of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | examination of the c24v (oregon) and mac a (ontario) strains of bovine viral diarrhea viruses have shown them to be ribonucleic acid containing viruses, with essential lipid and having compound helical symmetry with the diameter of the helix being in the neighbourhood of 180 a. because of these properties it is suggested that the virus should be considered a member of the myxovirus group. hog cholera virus is related to bovine viral diarrhea virus by means of a "soluble" antigen, and also posses ... | 1964 | 17649513 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection of alpacas (vicugna pacos) in the uk. | three alpacas (vicugna pacos) aged two to 22 months with a history of illthrift and diarrhoea were examined postmortem, and tissues were collected for histology, including immunohistochemical labelling for pestivirus antigen, virus isolation and taqman reverse transcriptase-pcr assay. blood samples from two clinical cases and the remaining herd members were tested for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antibody by serum neutralisation, antigen detection and pcr assay. the three affected alpacas ... | 2007 | 17652435 |
| the extended genetic diversity of bvdv-1: typing of bvdv isolates from france. | 2008 | 17657577 | |
| identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 in yaks (bos poephagus grunniens) in the himalayan region. | since cattle are widely infected by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in india, we searched for pestivirus infection in yaks. of 71 pure and crossbred yaks from himalayan region, pestivirus antigen was detected by ag-elisa in three animals. pestivirus in leukocyte and cell culture isolated virus samples originating from positive yaks was also confirmed by rt-pcr using panpestivirus specific primers selected from 5'-untranslated region (5' utr). the 5' utr, n(pro) and e2 regions were sequenced a ... | 2008 | 17663013 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) diversity and vaccination. a review. | bvdv is associated with a range of economically important clinical diseases including reproductive disorders and acute fatal haemorrhagic disease in cattle industry. vaccination is still the most important control strategy for controlling bvdv infections in many countries of the world. the existence of great genetic and antigenic diversity of bvdv isolates is very important concern for bvdv vaccine development and protective efficacy of current vaccines. in this review, the protective efficacies ... | 2007 | 17663212 |
| compatibility of a live infectious bovine rhinotraheitis (ibr) marker vaccine and an inactivated bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) vaccine. | the target animals and vaccination regimes for vaccines against the bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) and the bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) are very similar. therefore, we have compared different schedules for the combined use of a live ibr marker vaccine and an inactivated bvd vaccine. the neutralizing antibody response against bvdv did not reveal any differences between the group vaccinated only with the bvd vaccine and the groups that were vaccinated simultaneously (together in the same syri ... | 2007 | 17669560 |
| the imidazopyrrolopyridine analogue ag110 is a novel, highly selective inhibitor of pestiviruses that targets the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase at a hot spot for inhibition of viral replication. | ethyl 2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridin-8-carboxylate (ag110) was identified as a potent inhibitor of pestivirus replication. the 50% effective concentration values for inhibition of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv)-induced cytopathic effect, viral rna synthesis, and production of infectious virus were 1.2 +/- 0.5 microm, 5 +/- 1 microm, and 2.3 +/- 0.3 microm, respectively. ag110 proved inactive against the hepatitis c virus and a flavivirus. ag110 inhibits bvdv replication at a tim ... | 2007 | 17686854 |
| detection of bovine herpesvirus 4 dna in aborted bovine fetuses. | the presence of bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) was investigated by several methods in 24 aborted bovine fetuses. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and in situ dna hybridization proved the presence of bohv-4 dna in 7 (29%) of the fetuses. the bohv-4 genome was detected in the cytoplasm of splenic lymphocytes and monocytes, and sometimes in renal tubular epithelial cells or hepatic kupffer cells, in all 7 pcr-positive fetuses. however, bohv-4-specific monoclonal antibody failed to detect viral antige ... | 2007 | 17695599 |
| bovine viral diarrhea viruses modulate toll-like receptors, cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules genes expression in bovine peripheral blood monocytes. | we have used noncytopathic (ncp) and cytopathic (cp) bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) to determine the expression levels of tlr genes, type i ifn, pro-inflammatory and th1/th2 cytokine gene expression in bovine monocytes. in general, both bvdv strains had similar effects. however, we found some significant differences that could be due to biological differences between cp and ncp bvdv strains. tlr3 was significantly up-regulated in 1h ncp, but not in cp bvdv- infected monocytes, whereas tlr7 ... | 2008 | 17706777 |
| numerical taxonomy of the genus pestivirus based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions in the 5' untranslated region. | the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (pns) at the three variable loci (v1, v2 and v3) in the 5' untranslated region (utr) of pestivirus rna have been considered for taxonomical segregation of species, through the evaluation of 430 genomic sequences. on the basis of qualitative and quantitative secondary structure characteristics, six species have been identified: bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv), border disease ... | 2007 | 17719098 |
| optimisation of the response to respiratory virus vaccines in cattle. | 2007 | 17720964 | |
| sequence-optimised e2 constructs from bvdv-1b and bvdv-2 for dna immunisation in cattle. | we report dna immunisation experiments in cattle using plasmid constructs that encoded glycoprotein e2 from bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv)-1 (e2.1) and bvdv-2 (e2.2). the coding sequences were optimised for efficient expression in mammalian cells. a modified leader peptide sequence from protein gd of bohv1 was inserted upstream of the e2 coding sequences for efficient membrane export of the proteins. recombinant e2 were efficiently expressed in cos7 cells and they presented the native viral ... | 2007 | 17727807 |
| immunohistochemical diagnosis of persistent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) on skin biopsies. | detection of persistent infection with bovineviral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is essential for both epidemiological and clinical reasons. in addition to the classical virological methods such as virus isolation in tissue culture, elisa and rt-pcr, immunohistochemistry of skin biopsies has become a useful and reliable tool. assuming that the presence of bvdv antigen in skin structures is restricted to persistent infection, this method could differentiate from transient infection. in order to answer th ... | 2007 | 17803113 |
| [heifer breeding farms as a source for spreading the bvd virus?]. | it is well known that, in switzerland, communal grazing of livestock on alpine pastures plays an important role in the spread of bvd virus. analogously, we might expect that the communal raising on farms specialising in raising heifers of animals born on different farms would also favour the spread of bvdv. this study investigated whether a persistently infected (pi) breeding heifer kept on this type of farm over a period of 26 months would put the other animals at risk of being infected. the pi ... | 2007 | 17803114 |
| testicular hypoplasia in a bull persistently infected with bovine diarrhoea virus. | a bull aged 16 months with bilateral testicular hypoplasia and azoospermia was persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). viral antigen was detected in serum and semen by elisa, but the animal was serologically negative. after slaughter, the genital tract was examined histopathologically and by immunohistochemistry, including double immunolabelling with bvdv antibody and either s-100 antibody (for sertoli cells) or ferritin antibody (for leydig cells). the seminiferous tubul ... | 2007 | 17822654 |
| transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus to adult goats from persistently infected cattle. | the transmission of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from persistently infected (pi) heifers to adult seronegative goats was examined in this study. ten seronegative adult goats were exposed to 4 pi heifers. none of the goats developed any clinical signs but all goats seroconverted by 42 days after exposure to the pi cattle. results indicate that goats are susceptible to bvdv infection when housed with pi cattle. | 2007 | 17823400 |
| selection of mimotopes of bovine viral diarrhoea virus using a solid-phase peptide library. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is an important pathogen of cattle, causing important economical losses world-wide. in this study, an 8-mer solid-phase peptide library was screened with a neutralising monoclonal antibody 157 to generate mimotopes mimicking a conformational neutralising epitope of bvdv e2 protein. two sequences selected 157a1 lfeqyyyf and 157a2 lyrfgefd that did not show a high structural or sequence similarity with bvdv e2 glycoprotein reacted specifically with monoclonal an ... | 2007 | 17825961 |
| distribution and cellular heterogeneity of bovine viral diarrhea viral antigen expression in the brain of persistently infected calves: a new perspective. | persistent infection following in utero exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) early in gestation is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle industries worldwide. the brain is a primary target of persistent infection. in the current study, the types of cells infected and topography of viral antigen expression were examined in brain sections from 9 bvdv persistently infected crossbred calves, all less than 1 year of age, by immunohistochemical staining using the 15c5 primary ... | 2007 | 17846236 |
| genomic analyses of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from cattle imported into japan between 1991 and 2005. | thirty-one isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolated within the past 15 years from imported cattle by the japanese animal quarantine service (aqs) were used in this study in which a 5'-untranslated region of each isolate was genetically analyzed. twenty-six of the 31 isolates were classified as bvdv1 and the remainder as bvdv2. phylogenetic analysis of the rt-pcr fragments amplified from the isolates showed the presence of viruses belonging to the bvdv1a, bvdv1b, bvdv1c, unclassifi ... | 2008 | 17881158 |
| epidemiological study of border disease virus infection in southern chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica) after an outbreak of disease in the pyrenees (ne spain). | in 2001 and 2002, an outbreak of a previously unreported disease, associated with a border disease virus (bdv), caused high mortality in the southern chamois (rupicapra pyrenaica) population in the alt pallars-aran national hunting reserve in the catalan pyrenees (ne spain). between 2002 and 2006, sera and/or tissue samples taken from 116 healthy chamois shot during the hunting season, plus 42 from chamois affected by different diseases, were studied. a blocking enzyme-immunosorbent assay (elisa ... | 2008 | 17881162 |
| self-clearance from bvdv infections--a frequent finding in dairy herds in an endemically infected region in peru. | in this cross-sectional study, a stratified two-stage random sampling procedure was employed to select 221 dairy herds for bulk tank milk (btm) sampling, and a subset of 55 dairy herds for individual blood sampling of a number of young animals (spot test), to predict presence or absence of current bvdv infection, and for data collection. the prediction was based on the high probability of seropositivity in groups of animals where pi animals are present because of the efficient spread of virus fr ... | 2008 | 17904667 |
| induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies by immunization with rachiplusia nu per os infected with a recombinant baculovirus expressing the e2 glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | this work describes the development of a novel protein expression system based on rachiplusia nu larvae for the production of the recombinant e2 protein to be used as a vaccine candidate against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). a recombinant baculovirus (ac-e2pol+) bearing the e2 glycoprotein coding sequence of bvdv was obtained. fourth-instar r. nu larvae were infected orally with recombinant polyhedra and the expression of e2 protein was confirmed by immunoblot. in order to test the recombi ... | 2007 | 17905447 |
| reproductive safety of vaccination with vista 5 l5 sq near breeding time as determined by the effect on conception rates. | replacement heifers (n=799; 10 to 13 months of age) were vaccinated with vista 5 l5 sq (intervet; a reconstituted vaccine-bacterin product containing modified-live cultures of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis [ibr] virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus [bvdv; types 1 and 2], parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus and inactivated cultures of leptospira serovars canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, and pomona with a proprietary adjuvant) at either 40 plus/minu ... | 2007 | 17926303 |
| impact of variation in acute virulence of bvdv1 strains on design of better vaccine efficacy challenge models. | due to antigenic differences between bvdv1 and bvdv2 strains, both pestivirus species are included in u.s. vaccines. the efficacy of these vaccines in preventing acute infections is evaluated based on reduction of clinical disease. while high virulence bvdv2 strains are used in u.s. vaccine efficacy studies, the bvdv1 strain used (ny-1) produces very little in the way of clinical disease. in order to identify a bvdv1 strain that generates a more pronounced clinical presentation, three field stra ... | 2007 | 17942196 |
| establishment of a bovine herpesvirus 4 based vector expressing a secreted form of the bovine viral diarrhoea virus structural glycoprotein e2 for immunization purposes. | the biological characteristics of bohv-4 make it a good candidate as a gene delivery vector for vaccination purposes. these characteristics include little or no pathogenicity, unlikely oncogenicity, the capability to accommodate large amounts of foreign genetic material, the ability to infect several cell types from different animal species, and the ability to maintain transgene expression in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells. | 2007 | 17945009 |
| the npro product of classical swine fever virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus uses a conserved mechanism to target interferon regulatory factor-3. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a member of the genus pestivirus in the family flaviviridae. the n(pro) product of csfv targets the host's innate immune response and can prevent the production of type i interferon (ifn). the mechanism by which csfv orchestrates this inhibition was investigated and it is shown that, like the related pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), this involves the n(pro) protein targeting interferon regulatory factor-3 (irf-3) for degradation by proteasomes ... | 2007 | 17947522 |
| detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) nucleic acid and antigen in different organs of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis). | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus that infects mainly bovine cattle. nevertheless, there are several reports about infections in other members of the artiodactyla order including serological studies, that indicate infection of bvdv in buffaloes. the aim of this article is to study the presence of bvdv in three young water buffaloes, displaying nonspecific clinical signs, compatible with the bvdv infection. both immunohistochemistry and rt-pcr confirmed the presence of bvdv in t ... | 2008 | 17949764 |
| effects of feeding heat-treated colostrum on passive transfer of immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal dairy calves. | the first objective of this study was to describe the effect of on-farm heat treatment of colostrum on colostral bacteria counts and igg concentrations. the second objective was to describe the effect of feeding heat-treated (vs. raw) colostrum on passive transfer of colostral immune and nutritional parameters in neonatal calves. pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: one half was fed raw whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60 degrees c for 60 min using a ... | 2007 | 17954759 |
| natural iminosugar derivatives of 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibit glycosylation of hepatitis viral envelope proteins. | a silkworm (bombyx mori l.) extract known to contain naturally occurring iminosugars, including 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-dnj) derived from the mulberry tree (morus alba l.), was evaluated in surrogate hcv and hbv in vitro assays. antiviral activity of the silkworm extract and one of its purified constituents, 1-dnj, was demonstrated against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and gb virus-b (gbv-b), both members of the flaviviridae family, and against woodchuck hepatitis virus (whv) and hepatitis b ... | 2007 | 17978803 |
| development and evaluation of a mab based competitive-elisa using helicase domain of ns3 protein for sero-diagnosis of bovine viral diarrhea in cattle and buffaloes. | the aim of this study was to develop a competitive inhibition elisa (ci-elisa) for detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) using the helicase domain of ns3 (non-structural) protein and monoclonal antibody (mab) against it and to estimate its sensitivity and specificity using two commercial elisa kits as independent references. the 45-kda helicase domain of ns3 protein of bvdv was expressed in escherichia coli and 18mabs were developed against it. mab-11g8 was selected for u ... | 2008 | 17983635 |
| febrile response and decrease in circulating lymphocytes following acute infection of white-tailed deer fawns with either a bvdv1 or a bvdv2 strain. | although commonly associated with infection in cattle, bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) also replicate in many domestic and wildlife species, including cervids. bovine viral diarrhea viruses have been isolated from a number of cervids, including mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), european roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and mouse deer (tragulus javanicus), but little information is available regarding clinical presentation ... | 2007 | 17984260 |
| field application of the combination of neutralizing test and virus isolation, so-called spot test, to detect herds including cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | to detect herds including cattle persistently infected (pi) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), application of the combination of neutralizing antibody detection and virus isolation, so-called spot test, were performed on sera of 3 calves selected from each of 26 farms. nine farms were judged as positive because 64 or more antibody titers were detected from 2 or more calves or bvdv was isolated from one or more calves. pi cattle were detected from 8 of the 9 farms. the positive judgment on ... | 2007 | 17984600 |
| imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines inhibit the in vitro replication of the classical swine fever virus and target the viral polymerase. | selective inhibitors of the replication of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) may have the potential to control the spread of the infection in an epidemic situation. we here report that 5-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-2-phenyl-5h-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine (bpip) is a highly potent inhibitor of the in vitro replication of csfv. the compound resulted in a dose-dependent antiviral effect in pk(15) cells with a 50% effective concentration (ec(50)) for the inhibition of csfv alfort(187) (subgroup 1.1) of ... | 2008 | 17997169 |
| economic effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus on dairy herds in new zealand. | the economic loss to dairy farmers associated with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is believed to be high in new zealand, but no estimates are yet available. the aim was therefore to estimate the economic loss associated with bvdv in dairy herds in new zealand. bulk tank milk (btm) from a random sample of 590 herds from the northland, bay of plenty, and waikato regions was tested for antibody against bvdv. the inhibition percentage (sample to positive ratio), based on a threshold validated in ... | 2007 | 18024733 |
| potential and limitation of uvc irradiation for the inactivation of pathogens in platelet concentrates. | pathogen contamination, causing transfusion-transmitted diseases, is an ongoing concern in transfusion of cellular blood products. in this explorative study, the pathogen-inactivating capacity of uvc irradiation in platelet (plt) concentrates was investigated. the dose dependencies of inactivation of several viruses and bacteria were compared with the effect on plt quality. | 2008 | 18028277 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus core is an intrinsically disordered protein that binds rna. | pestiviruses, including bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), are important animal pathogens and close relatives of hepatitis c virus. pestivirus particles are composed of an rna genome, a host-derived lipid envelope, and four virion-encoded structural proteins, core (c), e(rns), e1, and e2. core is a small, highly basic polypeptide that is processed by three enzymatic cleavages before its incorporation into virions. little is known about its biological properties or its role in virion assembly an ... | 2008 | 18032507 |
| rna chaperoning and intrinsic disorder in the core proteins of flaviviridae. | rna chaperone proteins are essential partners of rna in living organisms and viruses. they are thought to assist in the correct folding and structural rearrangements of rna molecules by resolving misfolded rna species in an atp-independent manner. rna chaperoning is probably an entropy-driven process, mediated by the coupled binding and folding of intrinsically disordered protein regions and the kinetically trapped rna. previously, we have shown that the core protein of hepatitis c virus (hcv) i ... | 2008 | 18033802 |
| the internal initiation of translation in bovine viral diarrhea virus rna depends on the presence of an rna pseudoknot upstream of the initiation codon. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is the prototype representative of the pestivirus genus in the flaviviridae family. it has been shown that the initiation of translation of bvdv rna occurs by an internal ribosome entry mechanism mediated by the 5' untranslated region of the viral rna 1. the 5' and 3' boundaries of the ires of the cytopathic bvdv nadl have been mapped and it has been suggested that the ires extends into the coding of the bvdv polyprotein 2. a putative pseudoknot structure has b ... | 2007 | 18034871 |
| synthesis and anti-picornaviridae in vitro activity of a new class of helicase inhibitors the n,n'-bis[4-(1h(2h)-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)phenyl] alkyldicarboxamides. | a series n,n'-bis[4-(1h(2h)-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)phenyl]alkyldicarboxamides (3a-f and 5a-j) were prepared starting from their already known (1a-d) and (4a-c) or new (4d) amine parents. because of the antiviral activity of several n-[4-(1h(2h)-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)phenyl]alkylcarboxamides previously reported, title compounds were evaluated in vitro for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against viruses representative of picornaviridae, [i.e. enterovirus coxsackie b2 (cvb-2) and polio (sb-1)] and ... | 2007 | 18045201 |
| fetal protection against continual exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus following administration of a vaccine containing an inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus fraction to cattle. | to evaluate the efficacy of a commercially available killed bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) vaccine to protect against fetal infection in pregnant cattle continually exposed to cattle persistently infected with the bvdv. | 2007 | 18052749 |
| acute non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus infection induces pronounced type i interferon response in pregnant cows and fetuses. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection occurs in the cattle population worldwide. non-cytopathic (ncp) bvdv strains cause transient infection (ti) or persistent infection (pi) depending on the host's immune status. immunocompetent adult animals and fetuses in late gestation resolve the infection. fetal infection in early gestation results in pi with chronic viremia and life-long viral shedding, ensuring virus perpetuation in the population. eighteen pregnant heifers, divided into three gro ... | 2008 | 18053605 |
| cytoplasmic vacuolization responses to cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a positive sense, single-stranded rna virus which exhibits two biotypes in standard cell culture systems. the cytopathic strains of this virus (cpbvdv) induce dramatic cytoplasmic vacuolization in cell cultures, while infection with the non-cytopathic (ncp-bvdv) strains produces no overt changes in the host cells. our results show that extensive cytoplasmic vacuolization is the earliest morphological change in response to cpbvdv infection in mdbk cells. cell ... | 2008 | 18054406 |
| new 1-indanone thiosemicarbazone derivatives active against bvdv. | identification of new therapeutic agents for the treatment of viral diseases represents an area of active investigation. in an effort to develop new antiviral compounds, a series of 1-indanone thiosemicarbazone derivatives were synthesized. these derivatives were structurally characterized using several spectroscopic techniques and evaluated against bovine viral diarrhoea virus as a surrogate model for hepatitis c virus. thiosemicarbazone 2m showed potent anti-bovine viral diarrhoea virus activi ... | 2008 | 18063227 |
| transdominant inhibition of bovine viral diarrhea virus entry. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a positive-strand rna virus and a member of the genus pestivirus in the family flaviviridae. to identify and characterize essential factors required for bvdv replication, a library expressing random fragments of the bvdv genome was screened for sequences that act as transdominant inhibitors of viral replication by conferring resistance to cytopathic bvdv-induced cell death. we isolated a bvdv-nonpermissive mdbk cell clone that harbored a 1.2-kb insertion spa ... | 2008 | 18094189 |
| the effect of becoming bvdv-free on fertility and udder health in dutch dairy herds. | the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of bvdv-free certification of dairy herds on fertility and udder health. cases were defined as dairy herds that had at least one bvdv-antigen positive animal, subsequently gained the bvdv-free status by participating in the bvdv-control programme of the animal health service (ahs) and maintained this status for at least 2 years. controls had an unknown status for bvdv and two controls were matched to one case by region and herd size. data concer ... | 2008 | 18155307 |
| the relationship between the viral rna level and upregulation of innate immunity in spleen of cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | persistent infection in cattle with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), which is classified in the genus pestivirus, family flaviviridae, may result in growth retardation and immunosuppression. in vitro infection with noncytopathogenic (ncp) bvdv has been shown to suppress interferon (ifn) responses, whereas ncpbvdv induces transient strong ifn responses in vivo following acute infection of naïve cattle. in this study, the innate immune response of the spleen, a crucial organ for immune system h ... | 2008 | 18155368 |
| identification of new genetic subtypes of bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 isolated in japan. | a part of the nucleotide sequence of the 5' untranslated region (5'utr) and e rns region, and the genomic regions encoding for n pro, core, and e2 of so-like isolates and is25cp/01 strain which belong to bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (bvdv-1) were determined and genetic comparisons were made with sequences of other bvdv subgenotypes. phylogenetic analysis using the 5'utr and n pro revealed that so-like isolates and is25cp/01 branched into independent phylogenetic branch. so-like isolate ... | 2008 | 18181015 |
| respiratory disease associated with bovine coronavirus infection in cattle herds in southern italy. | four outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease (brd) associated with bovine coronavirus (bcov) infection in italian cattle herds were reported. in 3 outbreaks, brd was observed only in 2-3-month-old feedlot calves, whereas in the remaining outbreak, lactating cows, heifers, and calves were simultaneously affected. by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), bcov rna was detected in all outbreaks without evidence of concurrent viral pathogens (i.e., bovine respiratory syncyti ... | 2008 | 18182504 |
| prevalence and characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus in the white-tailed deer population in indiana. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is one of the economically important diseases of cattle. for many years, different types of vaccines have been commercially available, yet this disease is hard to control in high-density population areas. detection and isolation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from any potential reservoir is vital, especially when considering virus eradication from a herd or locale. one potential source is wild ruminants. ear notches and lymph nodes were collected from the wild ... | 2008 | 18182513 |
| sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in pooled serum samples and use of pooled polymerase chain reaction to determine prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in auction market cattle. | two reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction tests, 1 quantitative (qrt-npcr) and 1 standard (rt-npcr), were evaluated to assess sensitivity for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) of a single positive serum sample in a pool of 30. the rt-npcr and qrt-npcr each detected 95 of 100 known positives. the rt-npcr was used to estimate the prevalence of bvdv in adult beef cows. serum samples were obtained from the us department of agriculture brucellosis testing laboratories i ... | 2008 | 18182514 |
| evaluation of hunter-harvested white-tailed deer for evidence of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in alabama. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is one of the most relevant pathogens affecting today's cattle industries. although great strides have been made in understanding this virus in cattle, little is known about the role of wildlife in the epidemiology of bvdv. while persistently infected cattle are the most important reservoir, free-ranging ungulates may become infected with bvdv as demonstrated by serosurveys and experimental infections. therefore, free-ranging wildlife may maintain bvdv as the r ... | 2008 | 18182515 |
| assessing the effect of sample handling on the performance of a commercial bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | handling practices of specimens may affect the sensitivity or specificity of diagnostic tests. in this study, as part of the voluntary iowa bovine viral diarrhea virus screening project held in 2006, 2 sample-handling practices were evaluated to determine how they affect the sensitivity and specificity of the antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ace) for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). the null hypotheses investigated were 1) that maintenance of samples at room temperature woul ... | 2008 | 18182528 |
| humoral and t cell-mediated immune responses to bivalent killed bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine in beef cattle. | the objective of this research project was to evaluate the antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to a multivalent vaccine containing killed bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) types 1 and 2. twenty castrated male crossbred beef cattle (350-420kg body weight) seronegative to bvdv were randomly divided into two groups of 10 each. group 1 served as negative mock-vaccinated control. group 2 was vaccinated subcutaneously twice, 3 weeks apart, with modified live bovine herpesvirus 1, parainfluenz ... | 2008 | 18190971 |
| dna prime protein boost strategies protect cattle from bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 challenge. | at present, infections with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type 2 occur nearly as frequently as those with bvdv type 1, so development of vaccines that protect cattle from both type 1 and type 2 bvdv has become critical. in this study, we compared various dna prime-protein boost vaccination strategies to protect cattle from challenge with bvdv-2 using the major protective antigen of bvdv, glycoprotein e2. calves were immunized with a plasmid encoding either type 1 e2 (e2.1) or type 2 e2 (e2. ... | 2008 | 18198376 |
| transmission of bovine viral diarrhoea virus through the semen of acutely infected bulls under field conditions. | epidemiological investigations implicated the semen of artificial insemination (ai) bulls as the only plausible source of infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in 10 finnish dairy herds. the infection was traced back to two northern finncattle bulls that had been transiently infected when their semen had been collected while they were in a gene bank herd containing persistently infected (pi) animals. the isolates of bvdv from the animals in the gene bank herd, from the semen of the ... | 2008 | 18204031 |
| effect of dexamethasone administration on bulls with a localized testicular infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the objective of this research was to evaluate reactivation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) following dexamethasone treatment in 4 bulls that had previously been inoculated with bvdv, 3 of which had been demonstrated to have a localized testicular infection. bulls were housed in an isolated pasture with in-contact steers. beginning on day 0 of this study, all bulls received a daily dose of 0.1 mg/kg body weight (bw) of dexamethasone intravenously for 5 consecutive days. blood was collected ... | 2008 | 18214163 |
| diagnostic evaluation of multiplexed reverse transcription-pcr microsphere array assay for detection of foot-and-mouth and look-alike disease viruses. | a high-throughput multiplexed assay was developed for the differential laboratory detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) from viruses that cause clinically similar diseases of livestock. this assay simultaneously screens for five rna and two dna viruses by using multiplexed reverse transcription-pcr (mrt-pcr) amplification coupled with a microsphere hybridization array and flow-cytometric detection. two of the 17 primer-probe sets included in this multiplex assay were adopted from prev ... | 2008 | 18216216 |
| immune evasion by pathogens of bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory tract disease is a multi-factorial disease complex involving several viruses and bacteria. viruses that play prominent roles in causing the bovine respiratory disease complex include bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus and parinfluenza-3 virus. bacteria that play prominent roles in this disease complex are mannheimia haemolytica and mycoplasma bovis. other bacteria that infect the bovine respiratory tract of cattle are histophi ... | 2007 | 18218162 |
| a survey of abortifacient infectious agents in livestock in luzon, the philippines, with emphasis on the situation in a cattle herd with abortion problems. | in the philippines, insufficient consideration has been given to the implementation of systematic control measures against major abortifacient infectious agents in livestock. to elucidate the epidemiology of abortifacient infectious agents in livestock, the prevalence of four abortifacient agents was assessed. initially, a total of 96 cattle including 17 cows with history of abortion were examined in a herd in luzon at the request of the farm owner. six (35.3%) of the 17 aborting cows were found ... | 2008 | 18243149 |
| prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus antibodies in bulk tank milk of industrial dairy cattle herds in suburb of mashhad-iran. | bulk milk for the presence of antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from 38 industrial dairy cattle herds complexes with 250-3000 holstein dairy cows in suburb of mashhad-iran was tested. none of the herds were vaccinated against bvdv. commercial indirect elisa-kit for the detection of specific antibodies was used. the result could be read visually where the optical density (od) was measured at 450 nm. the percent positivity (pp) values >or=7 and <7 interpreted positive and negat ... | 2008 | 18262667 |
| selenium status and antibodies to selected pathogens in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in southern minnesota. | to determine exposure to a variety of infectious diseases potentially important for native ungulates, livestock, and humans, serum samples from 114 (94 adults, 20 fawns) female white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were collected during january 2000-03 from multiple locations in southeast (se) and southwest (sw) minnesota. antibody prevalence was determined for the following pathogens: mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, leptospira interrogans (six serovars), anaplasma marginale, b ... | 2008 | 18263838 |
| prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in beef cattle in uruguay. | our objective was to determine the prevalence of serum antibodies to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus in beef cattle in uruguay. a random sample of 230 herds selected with probability proportional to population size based on the number of cattle was chosen from a list frame of all registered livestock farms as of june 1999. sera from up to 10 heifers, cows and bulls (up to 30 sera total per herd) were collected on selected farms between march 2000 and march 2001 ... | 2008 | 18280598 |
| investigation of the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in dairy cows in south korea. | blood samples were collected from 1328 dairy cows of different parities in 46 herds in two regions of south korea and tested for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) by reverse transcriptase-pcr (rt-pcr) for the detection of viral sequences in whole blood and by a commercial elisa for the detection of bvdv-specific antibodies. none of the animals was positive by rt-pcr but 770 (58 per cent) were seropositive. the proportion of seropositive cows increased with their parity, but there was no differ ... | 2008 | 18281628 |