Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| concerted evolution in protists: recent homogenization of a polyubiquitin gene in trichomonas vaginalis. | ubiquitin is a 76-amino-acid protein with a remarkably high degree of conservation between all known sequences. ubiquitin genes are almost always multicopy in eukaryotes, and often are found as polyubiquitin genes--fused tandem repeats which are coexpressed. seventeen ubiquitin sequences from the amitochondrial protist trichomonas vaginalis have been examined here, including an 11-repeat fragment of a polyubiquitin gene. these sequences reveal a number of interesting features that are not seen i ... | 1995 | 7490769 |
| the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in children and adolescents evaluated for sexual abuse in cincinnati: rationale for limited std testing in prepubertal girls. | to determine the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas vaginalis, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in sexually abused children and to develop selective criteria for sexually transmitted disease (std) testing in these children in our community. | 1995 | 7491226 |
| yi-s, a casein-free medium for axenic cultivation of entamoeba histolytica, related entamoeba, giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis. | pancreatic digests of casein are major ingredients of media used in the axenic cultivation of lumen-dwelling parasitic protozoa, especially entamoeba, giardia, and trichomonads. the digest used almost exclusively in the development of these media, medo-peptone (trypticase bbl), has not been available since 1981. moreover, none of dozens of similar type digests tested since then in our laboratory has proved equal to medo-peptone, and in the last two years it has become increasingly difficult to o ... | 1995 | 7496385 |
| office laboratory diagnosis of vaginitis. clinician-performed tests compared with a rapid nucleic acid hybridization test. | the traditional diagnosis of vaginitis incorporates patient symptoms, clinical findings observed during vaginal examination, and laboratory analysis of vaginal fluid. the purpose of this study was to evaluate routine clinician-performed office laboratory diagnostic techniques for women with abnormal vaginal symptoms, and to compare these results with those obtained by a dna hybridization test for trichomonas vaginalis, gardnerella vaginalis, and candida species. | 1995 | 7500067 |
| giardiavirus-resistant giardia lamblia lacks a virus receptor on the cell membrane surface. | giardia lamblia virus (glv) is a small nonenveloped double-stranded rna virus that infects specifically the parasitic protozoan g. lamblia. among the many collected strains of g. lamblia, a few turn out to be highly resistant to the virus infection. two of these strains, ac and jh, were subjected to electroporation with the rna from glv-infected g. lamblia wb strain. subsequent studies indicated the presence of glv double-stranded rna and glv protein in the electroporated and propagated cells. v ... | 1994 | 7508994 |
| diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis in male urethritis. | trichomonas vaginalis was diagnosed in 42 (19%) of 227 adult males with urethral discharge. in 27 men (15%) t. vaginalis was isolated together with neisseria gonorrhoeae. non-gonococcal urethritis was diagnosed in 15 patients and t. vaginalis was isolated from 47% of such patients. stained smear preparations, i.e. rapidiff and acridine orange of modified diamond's media, were superior to wet smear microscopy for the identification of t. vaginalis. rapidiff stain was the most sensitive and identi ... | 1994 | 7513101 |
| [infections of the ejaculate by sexually transmissible pathogens]. | certain ejaculate infections can be traced back to sexually transmitted microorganisms, such as neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma urealyticum and trichomonas vaginalis. to varying extents, these microorganisms cause such classical genital infections as urethritis, epididymitis and prostatitis as well as subclinical genital tract infections. several different pathomechanisms are under discussion for infection of the ejaculate: reduction of spermatogenesis resulting from tes ... | 1994 | 7519803 |
| sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus infection among women with genital infections in burkina faso. | this study reports the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) among gynaecological outpatients presenting at the bobo-dioulasso hospital (burkina faso) with genital infections and examines the factors associated with hiv infection in this population. of 245 eligible non-pregnant women, 220 consented to participate in the study. seventy-seven per cent had sexually transmitted infections. the most common were: trichomonas vaginalis (28%), chlamydia trachomatis (27%), bacterial vaginosi ... | 1995 | 7548291 |
| drug induced myopia associated with treatment for gynecological problems. | we present three cases of women who developed acute transient myopia caused by drugs for gynecological problems. one patient was treated with disothiazide for premenstrual edema. the second had acute cystitis and was treated by sulphonamide and the third developed myopia coincident with metronidazole treatment for trichomonas vaginalis. we followed these patients by a scan ultrasonographic ocular measurements, documenting reduction of the anterior chamber depth combined with lens thickening. the ... | 1995 | 7549443 |
| [effect of cladonia alpestris on trichomonas vaginalis in vitro]. | in this paper, an experimental research is reported on the effect of water extract of cladonia alpestris and s-(-) usnic acid on trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. the results showed that both the water extract of cladonia alpestris and s-(-)usnic acid exhibited a strong effect against trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. as the time of action of the agents was prolonged, the mortality of trichomonas vaginalis increased. for s-(-) usnic acid, 0.4 mg/ml was the lowest effective concentration against tric ... | 1995 | 7554162 |
| [exploration on experimental conditions of dot-elisa for trichomonas vaginalis using intact parasite antigen-monoclonal antibody detecting system]. | this paper deals with the effect of different experimental conditions including the number of parasite, blocking fluid, incubation time and different types of antigens on dot-elisa for trichomonas vaginalis. five microlitres of freshly washed intact worms at a concentration of 7.7 x 10(5)-3 x 10(8) cells/ml were added onto nitrocellulose membrane blocked with 1% bsa, 10% bovine serum or milk power (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 5%). dot-elisa using nitrocellulose membrane containing whole cell antigen 2.5 ... | 1995 | 7554165 |
| generation of interleukin-8 from human monocytes in response to trichomonas vaginalis stimulation. | neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells found in the vaginal discharges of patients with trichomonas vaginalis infection. we have investigated the possible role of interleukin-8 (il-8) in the inflammatory response elicited by t. vaginalis infection. this study has shown that t. vaginalis induces blood monocytes to produce large amounts of bioactive il-8, mainly by membrane components of t. vaginalis (mtv). monocyte-derived il-8 induced by mtv was dose and time dependent. the peak leve ... | 1995 | 7558293 |
| primary structure and eubacterial relationships of the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase of the amitochondriate eukaryote trichomonas vaginalis. | in the eukaryotic unicellular organism trichomonas vaginalis a key step of energy metabolism, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with the formation of acetyl-coa, is catalyzed by the iron-sulfur protein pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfo) and not by the almost-ubiquitous pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. this enzyme is localized in the hydrogenosome, an organelle bounded by a double membrane. pfo and its closely related homolog, pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductase, are enzym ... | 1995 | 7563125 |
| molecular and phylogenetic analysis of pcr-amplified cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) family sequences from representatives of the earliest available lineages of eukaryotes. | cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) and cell division control (cdc2) sequences are strongly conserved among eukaryotes and may complement the use of other sequence families in eukaryotic phylogenetic inference. we synthesized degenerate pcr primers to amplify the catalytic region of cdk homologs in representatives of the earliest available lineages of eukaryotes. cdk family sequence-based, maximum-likelihood distance measurements with neighbor-joining, and fitch-margoliash least-squares analyses produ ... | 1995 | 7563127 |
| paromomycin for nitroimidazole-resistant trichomonosis. | 1995 | 7564825 | |
| carbohydrate involvement in the association of a prokaryotic cell with trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus. | previous studies have shown that trichomonas vaginalis are capable of ingesting bacteria. this observation was confirmed in the present study and extended to tritrichomonas foetus. using a special strain of escherichia coli grown under conditions that produced fimbriae presenting a lectin-like molecule recognizing mannose, we showed that the bacteria attached to and were ingested by trichomonads through a mechanism involving cell-to-cell recognition. absence of the fimbriae or addition of alpha- ... | 1995 | 7567902 |
| [bacteriological findings in patients with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia]. | in order to evaluate the cervical flora in patients with histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (grades i to iii) the microbiologic results of 216 patients with cin were compared with those of 100 symptom free controls. gardnerella vaginalis combined with mykoplasma spp. and bacteroides spp. were found in 22% of the patients with dysplasia and in 5% of the control group. the difference was significant (p < 0.004). microorganisms causing sexually transmitted diseases like nei ... | 1995 | 7571906 |
| primary structure of the hydrogenosomal malic enzyme of trichomonas vaginalis and its relationship to homologous enzymes. | the complete nucleotide sequence has been established for two genes (maea and maeb) coding for different subunits of the hydrogenosomal malic enzyme [malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) ec 1.1.1.39] of trichomonas vaginalis. two further genes (maec and maed) of this enzyme have been partially sequenced. the complete open reading frames code for polypeptides of 567 amino acids in length. these two open reading frames are similar with less than 12 percent pairwise nucleotide differences and les ... | 1995 | 7581334 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: ultrastructural bases of the cytopathic effect. | the in vitro cytopathic effect of trichomonas vaginalis on epithelial cells was explored through the interaction of trophozoites of the virulent strain gt-10 with mdck monolayers. the interaction was analyzed through electrophysiology, video microscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. electrical measurements revealed that living parasites produced severe damage to the cell monolayers within 30 min, manifested as a rapid decrease in transepithelial resistance. microscopic obser ... | 1995 | 7581342 |
| uptake of amino acids by the parasitic, flagellated protist trichomonas vaginalis. | hplc techniques have been applied to study amino acid uptake and release by trichomonas vaginalis under a variety of conditions. studies on the growth of t. vaginalis in complex media and the survival of the parasite in simple media, with and without amino acids and/or maltose, have shown that the growth or survival of t. vaginalis is better in the presence of maltose than when it is absent, and that greater amounts of amino acids are consumed by t. vaginalis in the absence of maltose. the resul ... | 1995 | 7582024 |
| should screening of genital infections be part of antenatal care in areas of high hiv prevalence? a prospective cohort study from kigali, rwanda, 1992-1993. the pregnancy and hiv (ege) group. | to study the prevalence and incidence of genital infections and their association with hiv-1 infection among pregnant women in kigali, rwanda. | 1995 | 7590709 |
| ignored trichomonal infestation diagnosed by papanicolaou smear. | to compare the occurrence of trichomonas vaginalis as demonstrated by culture and by papanicolaou (pap) smears in a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic. | 1995 | 7590721 |
| genital ulcers associated with human immunodeficiency virus-related immunosuppression in female sex workers in abidjan, ivory coast. | a cross-sectional study among female sex workers in abidjan was conducted to study the association between sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and hiv-related immunosuppression. among 1209 women tested for hiv, 962 (80%) were seropositive. hiv infection was independently associated with a longer duration of sex work, a lower price for intercourse, being an immigrant, and having a positive treponema pallidum hemagglutination test (p < .05). genital ulcer ... | 1995 | 7594681 |
| small extrachromosomal nucleic acid segments in protozoan parasites. | viruses have been described in the following protozoa: babesia spp., trichomonas vaginalis, giardia lamblia, leishmania braziliensis and eimeria spp. in order to study the babesia bovis virus, merozoites have been prepared from the blood of infected cattle. agarose gel electrophoresis of nucleic extracts from the bovine protozoa b. bovis and babesia bigemina were separated into genomic dna and at least two additional nucleic acids. one molecule with a relative mobility of 5.5 kilobase pairs (kbp ... | 1995 | 7597793 |
| pcr-based study of conserved and variable dna sequences of tritrichomonas foetus isolates from saskatchewan, canada. | the protozoan parasite tritrichomonas foetus causes infertility and spontaneous abortion in cattle. in saskatchewan, canada, the culture prevalence of trichomonads was 65 of 1,048 (6%) among 1,048 bulls tested within a 1-year period ending in april 1994. saskatchewan was previously thought to be free of the parasite. to confirm the culture results, possible t. foetus dna presence was determined by the pcr. all of the 16 culture-positive isolates tested were pcr positive by a single-band test, bu ... | 1995 | 7615746 |
| phylogeny of trichomonads inferred from small-subunit rrna sequences. | small subunit (16s-like) ribosomal rna sequences were obtained from representatives of all four families constituting the order trichomonadida. comparative sequence analysis revealed that the trichomonadida are a monophyletic lineage and a deep branch of the eukaryotic tree. relative to the early divergent eukaryotic assemblages the branching pattern within the trichomonadida is very shallow. this pattern suggests the trichomonadida radiated recently, perhaps in conjunction with their animal hos ... | 1995 | 7620466 |
| trichomoniasis in men: old issues and new data. | trichomoniasis is common among sexually active women, but its importance as a cause of morbidity among sexually active men remains uncertain. | 1995 | 7624817 |
| multidrug resistance and p-glycoproteins in parasitic protozoa. | drug resistance has emerged as a devasting impediment to the treatment and control of diseases of parasitic origin. the underlying mechanisms that contribute to this drug resistance in field isolates, however, are poorly understood. members of the p-glycoprotein gene (pgp) family have been identified, cloned, and sequenced in plasmodia, leishmania, and entamoeba, and variations in pgp copy number and/or expression have been implicated as a basis for drug resistance in each of these genera. the s ... | 1995 | 7629055 |
| lower genital tract infections in infertile nigerian women compared with controls. | to investigate the possibility that infertile nigerian women have a higher rate of cervical colonisation with pathogenic and facultative organisms than fertile controls. | 1995 | 7635492 |
| trichomonas vaginalis transmission in a family. | 1995 | 7635505 | |
| barrier methods of contraception. | although a recent cavalieri d'oro et al. article correctly concludes that while barrier methods reduce the risk of gonorrhea and hiv, they may be less consistent for other diseases, the review does not include the female condom, the newest method of barrier contraception. laboratory tests have shown polyurethane, the material of which the new condom is manufactured, to be impermeable to hiv and cytomegalovirus. similar permeability studies using bacteriophages smaller than hepatitis and hiv sh ... | 1995 | 7635509 |
| analysis of human immunoglobulin-degrading cysteine proteinases of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that causes a widely distributed sexually transmitted disease (std). since immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies to specific trichomonad immunogens are found in serum and vaginal washes (vws) from patients with trichomoniasis, a potential mechanism of immune evasion by this parasite might be the ability of t. vaginalis proteinases to degrade human immunoglobulins (igs). incubation of human igg with lysates of t. vaginalis organisms resulted in time- and ... | 1995 | 7642267 |
| amniotic fluid interleukin-6: correlation with upper genital tract microbial colonization and gestational age in women delivered after spontaneous labor versus indicated delivery. | our purpose was to determine whether amniotic fluid interleukin-6 is increased and inversely proportional to gestational age in women with chorioamnion colonization and spontaneous labor versus women delivered for medical or obstetric indications. | 1995 | 7645642 |
| cell cytotoxicity of sodium nitrite, sodium nitroprusside and roussin's black salt against trichomonas vaginalis. | we have investigated the action of sodium nitrite and other nitrosyl complexes, such as sodium nitroprusside and roussin's black salt, on the growth of metronidazole-sensitive and resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis and their hydrogenosomal enzymes. all three chemicals inhibited the growth of t. vaginalis: sodium nitrite at 8 mm, sodium nitroprusside at 1.2 mm and roussin's black salt at 0.2 mm. metronidazole-sensitive (kt9) and resistant (cdc85) isolates showed similar cytotoxicity again ... | 1995 | 7649439 |
| the inflammatory papanicolaou smear: what does it mean? | to determine the correlation between inflammation detected on papanicolaou smear and specific lower genital tract agents, and, based on these findings, to develop recommendations for follow-up tests and treatment of young women with inflammation on smears. | 1995 | 7651643 |
| the pathway of secretion of proteinases in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonads secrete large amounts of hydrolytic enzymes into liquid growth medium. proteinase release by trichomonas vaginalis has been quantified after resuspension of the parasite in a simple buffered maltose medium. after 6 h incubation, 70-90% of each of two cysteine proteinase activities, one towards benzyloxycarbonyl-arginyl-arginine 4-nitroanilide (z-rr-nan) and the other active towards n-benzoyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-arginine 4-nitroanilide (bz-pfr-nan), was extracellular. this release wa ... | 1995 | 7657450 |
| altered purine nucleoside transport as a target for malaria chemotherapy. | 1994 | 7660955 | |
| protein kinases in divergent eukaryotes: identification of protein kinase activities regulated during trypanosome development. | the role of protein kinases in organisms that diverged early in the eukaryotic lineage is relatively unexplored. in this study, we determined that primitive parasitic protozoa possess multiple protein-serine kinases and inferred the presence of protein-tyrosine kinases through sensitive immunoblotting techniques. to further explore the role of protein kinases in parasite development, we examined the activity of eight renaturable protein kinases during the life cycle of the protozoan parasite try ... | 1993 | 7681984 |
| [a rapid staining method for the study of the flagellar and round forms of trichomonas vaginalis from culture]. | this method has been developed for the routine observation of the different forms of trichomonas vaginalis in axenic culture with a low rate of cell loss. this rapid dyeing process is especially suitable for the examination of the ratio between the flagellated and round forms of the parasite. as a result of this staining one can not see fine cell details but can firmly distinguish between flagellated forms and multi-nucleated, multi-flagellated forms (i.e. dividing cells forms). | 1993 | 7685223 |
| drug-resistant trichomonas vaginalis. | 1993 | 7689025 | |
| sexual transmission of hepatitis c virus and hiv-1 infection in female intravenous drug users. | we examined the relationship between the presence of antibody to hcv and sexually transmitted diseases in 151 female, intravenous drug users aged 17-43 years. anti-hcv was present in 49 of 66 hiv-1-negative women (74.2%), and 63 of 85 hiv-1-positive women (74.1%). anti-hcv seropositivity was significantly related to sexually transmitted infections (ureaplasma urealyticum infections excluded) in hiv-1-seronegative women, but not in hiv-1-positive women. also, in hiv-1-negative subjects. trichomon ... | 1993 | 7691651 |
| the mucolytic activity of polyamines and mucosal invasion. | 1994 | 7698417 | |
| parasite polyamine metabolism: targets for chemotherapy. | 1994 | 7698477 | |
| root of the universal tree of life based on ancient aminoacyl-trna synthetase gene duplications. | universal trees based on sequences of single gene homologs cannot be rooted. iwabe et al. [iwabe, n., kuma, k.-i., hasegawa, m., osawa, s. & miyata, t. (1989) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 86, 9355-9359] circumvented this problem by using ancient gene duplications that predated the last common ancestor of all living things. their separate, reciprocally rooted gene trees for elongation factors and atpase subunits showed bacteria (eubacteria) as branching first from the universal tree with archaea (a ... | 1995 | 7708661 |
| [hemolytic activity of various strains and clones of trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas suis]. | hemolytic activity of 7 isolates and 2 clones of trichomonas vaginalis and 1 isolate and 2 clones of tritrichomonas suis was determined using incubation with erythrocytes. t. vaginalis hemolyzed all human blood groups, and no correlation between pathogenicity and hemolytic activity was observed and no hemolysin released by the parasite could be detected. no hemolytic activity was observed with strains and clones of t. suis against erythrocytes from all blood groups and with swine erythrocytes. | 1994 | 7709097 |
| association between reproductive tract infections and cervical inflammatory epithelial changes. | to determine the association, if any, between different reproductive tract infections and cervical inflammatory epithelial changes. | 1995 | 7709322 |
| the involvement of terminal carbohydrates of the mammalian cell surface in the cytoadhesion of trichomonads. | in the present study the parental cells and glycosylation mutants of chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells were used to analyze the influence of surface carbohydrates on the cytoadhesion of trichomonads. trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus were allowed to interact with host cells for 2 h at 37 degrees c. alternatively, cho cells were treated with 10 mm periodate prior to the assays. both trichomonads adhered to all cho cell clones tested. a remarkable difference could be observed between ... | 1995 | 7731918 |
| leucotriene b4 levels in the vaginal discharges from cases of trichomoniasis. | 1995 | 7741600 | |
| community based survey of std/hiv infection among commercial sex workers in calcutta (india). part-iv: sexually transmitted diseases and related risk factors. | community based survey on a sample of commercial sex workers in one red light area of calcutta, was carried out to determine prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (std) including hiv infection and related risk factors. an alarmingly high prevalence of stds (80.56 per cent) but low hiv-seropositivity (1.13 per cent) was observed. candida albicans, neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis were detected in 23.24, 13.24 and 11.11 per cent of genital specimens respectively. by tpha test ... | 1994 | 7759801 |
| heterocyclic betaines. xxii. azinium(azolium) 4-nitrobenzimidazolate inner salts and their derivatives with several interannular spacers. synthesis, characterization and antitrichomonal activity. | the synthesis of an ensemble of pyridinium(imidazolium) 4-nitrobenzimidazolate betaines and their derivatives with several interannular linkages has been explored. their antiprotozoal activity has also been examined. | 1995 | 7774033 |
| selective elution and purification of living trichomonas vaginalis using gravitational field-flow fractionation. | gravitational field-flow fractionation is one of the simplest separation methods for biological materials. its potential in parasitology is demonstrated for trichomonas vaginalis, a parasite responsible for one of the most widespread sexually transmitted diseases. it was observed that this unicellular parasite can be purified in a culture medium with a recovery of 85% for the living trophozoites. the parasite retention characteristics were different when motile living and non-motile dead cells w ... | 1995 | 7780601 |
| sequence of cdna coding for a 65 kda adhesive protein for the specific detection of trichomonas vaginalis by pcr. | a trichomonas vaginalis cdna library was constructed and recombinant plaques were screened using rabbit immunoglobulins specific for p65, a protozoan protein involved in pathogenicity that we identified in a previous study. a 1.38 kilobases cdna fragment coding for the p65 protein was cloned in e. coli and then sequenced. on the basis of of the sequence obtained, six primers were synthesised and used to set up a polymerase chain reaction. the presence of a specific amplicon in all 30 clinical is ... | 1995 | 7781986 |
| neonatal trichomonas vaginalis infection. | clinical infection with trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) in the neonate is an unusual occurrence. we present a case of t. vaginalis in a 2-week-old girl with vaginal discharge. our patient had complete resolution of symptoms after treatment with metronidazole. we found few references in the medical literature on the treatment of this condition. this report discusses the pathogenesis and treatment of t. vaginalis in the neonate. | 1995 | 7782625 |
| [in vitro effect of metronidazole ester on trichomonas vaginalis and entamoeba histolytica]. | metronidazole ester, a new nitroimidazole drug, was synthesized by the department of physical chemistry, school of pharmacy, shanghai medical university. the trichomonadicidal and amoebicidal activity of metronidazole ester was evaluated in vitro by the cultivation of trichomonas vaginalis and entamoeba histolytica at different drug concentrations. the results indicated that the 100% lethal concentration for t. vaginalis and e. histolytica was 2.6 micrograms/ml and 40 micrograms/ml, respectively ... | 1995 | 7788891 |
| [effects of different fixatives for trichomonas vaginalis in indirect fluorescent antibody test]. | this paper dealt with the effects of different fixatives for trichomonas vaginalis in indirect fluorescent antibody test. t. vaginalis fixed by formalin, methanol or alcohol displayed clear flagella. the parasites fixed by methanol and alcohol showed specific ring-like fluorescence with 1-2 bright dots. antigen slides prepared from different trichomonas strains, different number of parasites and anti-trichomonas vaginalis mcab strains in ifa presented different results. antigen slides showed the ... | 1995 | 7788900 |
| drug therapies for sexually transmitted diseases. clinical and economic considerations. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) are common, and result in immense social and economic costs. in some countries they have a major demographic impact. because many stds facilitate the transmission of hiv, the consequences of stds are further increasing. at the same time, this association between stds and hiv provides one of the ways in which drug therapy should be very cost effective. the perspective taken in this article is a societal one, and broader issues than those directly related to dr ... | 1995 | 7789285 |
| influence of humoral immunity on leukotriene b4 production by neutrophils in response to trichomonas vaginalis stimulation. | neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells found in vaginal discharges from patients with trichomonas vaginalis infection. in this study, we investigated the effect of humoral immunity on leukotriene b4 (ltb4) generation by neutrophils in the inflammatory response of vaginal trichomoniasis. as quantitated by a radioimmunoassay, no release of ltb4 was detected from neutrophils (5 x 10(6)/ml) interacted with trichomonads (1 x 10(6)/ml). however, specific immunoglobulin g(igg) but not f(ab' ... | 1995 | 7792096 |
| parasite-induced permeation of nucleosides in plasmodium falciparum malaria. | a mechanism which mediates the transport of the nonphysiological nucleoside, l-adenosine, was demonstrated in plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes and naturally released merozoites. l-adenosine was not a substrate for influx in freed intraerythrocytic parasites or in normal human erythrocytes nor was l-adenosine transported in a variety of cell types including other parasitic protozoa such as crithidia luciliae, trichomonas vaginalis, giardia intestinalis, or the mammalian cells, buffalo ... | 1995 | 7794964 |
| primary structure of the hydrogenosomal adenylate kinase of trichomonas vaginalis and its phylogenetic relationships. | hydrogenosomal adenylate kinase of the amitochondriate protist, trichomonas vaginalis, has been purified and the sequence of its 39 amino-terminal residues established. based on this sequence and a conserved internal region of the enzyme, a probe was obtained by dna polymerase chain reaction and used to isolate a genomic dna clone containing the gene of this enzyme. this gene exists probably as a single copy in t. vaginalis and is not interrupted by introns. the open reading frame obtained codes ... | 1994 | 7808479 |
| molecular characterization of the alpha-subunit of trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomal succinyl coa synthetase. | the anaerobic, parasitic protist, trichomonas vaginalis, is characterized by the absence of mitochondria and the presence of double membrane bound organelles called hydrogenosomes. succinyl-coenzyme a synthetase is a hydrogenosomal enzyme which catalyzes the formation of atp via substrate-level phosphorylation. we have characterized genes encoding the alpha subunit of the hydrogenosomal protein succinyl-coenzyme a synthetase (scs). the alpha-scs of t. vaginalis is encoded by a multigene family c ... | 1994 | 7808480 |
| antiprotozoal activities of benzimidazoles and correlations with beta-tubulin sequence. | benzimidazoles have been widely used since the 1960s as anthelmintic agents in veterinary and human medicine and as antifungal agents in agriculture. more recently, selected benzimidazole derivatives were shown to be active in vitro against two protozoan parasites, trichomonas vaginalis and giardia lamblia, and clinical studies with aids patients have suggested that microsporidia are susceptible as well. here, we first present in vitro susceptibility data for t. vaginalis and g. lamblia using an ... | 1994 | 7811023 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: repeated dna target for highly sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction diagnosis. | trichomoniasis is recognised as a major sexually transmitted disease (std) in the world and may act as an acquired immunodeficiency syndromes (aids) co-factor by enhancing the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis can be achieved by several methods, but sensitive detection means are still lacking. in this study a 2000-bp repeated dna fragment of t. vaginalis was cloned. part of a conserved region of this insert was sequenced, two primers (tvk3 and ... | 1994 | 7812190 |
| genital flora in pregnancy and its association with intrauterine growth retardation. | a study of risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation (iugr) was conducted among a cohort of 13,914 pregnant women enrolled in the multicenter vaginal infections and prematurity study. from 23 through 26 weeks of gestational age, cultures of specimens from the vagina and cervix were done for group b streptococci, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, candida albicans, gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, and anaerobic gram-negati ... | 1994 | 7814541 |
| self-administered vaginal swabs for population-based assessment of trichomonas vaginalis prevalence. | 1995 | 7815873 | |
| vaginal discharge--comparison of clinical, laboratory and microbiological findings. | of 101 fertile women (15-50 years of age) consulting in general practice due to vaginal discharge and/or genital malodor, bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed in 34% and vaginal candidiasis in 23%. the presence of chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, genital herpes virus and neisseria gonorrhoeae was demonstrated in 15%, 9%, 7%, and 1% of cases, respectively. no specific genital tract pathogens were found in 25 patients, where the clinical diagnosis was psychological factors (n = 5), intra ... | 1994 | 7817733 |
| striated fibers in trichomonads: costa proteins represent a new class of proteins forming striated roots. | the production of monoclonal antibodies and the use of biochemical techniques revealed that b-type costa proteins in trichomonads are composed of several major polypeptides with molecular weight detected between 100 and 135 kda similar to those found in the a-type costae. although differences were observed between the two types in their fine structure, we tested whether proteins composing the two costa types belong to the same protein family. a polyclonal antibody produced against the 118 kda co ... | 1994 | 7820860 |
| hydrogenosomes in trichomonads are calcium stores and have a transmembrane electrochemical potential. | 1994 | 7821582 | |
| comparisons of ribosomal rna sequences from amitochondrial protozoa: implications for processing, mrna binding and paromomycin susceptibility. | the amitochondrial (a-mt) protozoa include four groups of organisms that are of interest as important human parasites and as probable descendents of the earliest branches of eukaryotic evolution. these organisms have not been directly compared in terms of structure and function of a specific molecule. we sequenced portions of their rrna-encoding genes coding for the internal transcribed spacers (its1 and 2) and adjoining small subunit (ss), 5.8s and large subunit (ls) rrnas. included are sites f ... | 1995 | 7828924 |
| the cdna sequence of trichomonas vaginalis virus-t1 double-stranded rna. | trichomonas vaginalis virus (tvv) is a nonsegmented double-stranded (ds) rna virus that infects the pathogenic protozoan t. vaginalis. to study the virus, we cloned the genomic ds rna of a tvv-t1 isolate and obtained a contiguous 4647-bp cdna sequence. two overlapping genes separated by a + 1 reading frame shift were identified on the plus strand but none on the complementary strand rna in this sequence. the upstream gene probably encodes a 75-kda capsid protein, and the downstream gene encodes ... | 1995 | 7831841 |
| identification of surface antigen of trichomonas vaginalis. | plasma membrane proteins of a korean isolate of trichomonas vaginalis hy-1 were fractionated for antigen analysis. homogenates of t. vaginalis were fractionated by the differential centrifugation using sucrose step-gradient method. the interface layer from the 25%/45% sucrose was collected as a plasma membrane fraction and its purity was examined by transmission electron microscopy. the antigenicity of plasma membrane fraction was analysed by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot technique wi ... | 1994 | 7834241 |
| prevalence of vaginitis, syphilis and hiv infection in women in the orange free state. | to determine the prevalence of vaginitis, syphilis and hiv infection in women in the orange free state. | 1994 | 7839281 |
| condom use relative to knowledge of sexually transmitted disease prevention, method of birth control, and past or present infection. | the purpose of this study was to assess knowledge regarding std spread and prevention, and to assess motivational and behavioral factors that influence the use of condoms to prevent std acquisition among inner-city women at high risk for std infection. in addition, the effect of past and/or current std infection on a woman's knowledge of the mechanism of std acquisition and subsequent use of a condom to prevent std infection was explored. we utilized three inner-city clinics offering family plan ... | 1994 | 7844245 |
| evaluation of two cultural media (cplm & tym) for isolation and maintenance of trichomonas vaginalis stocks in the laboratory. | five hundreds vaginal discharge specimens were inoculated simultaneously in 2 axenic culture media (cplm & tym), in order to compare their ability to isolate and to maintain the growth of t. vaginalis in the laboratory. while both media were found to be equally good in detecting the organisms in vaginal discharges, yet, t. vaginalis stocks were maintained for a longer time in tym medium (one year), than in the cplm medium (2 weeks). the yields of the parasites with different inocula subcultured ... | 1994 | 7844426 |
| trichomoniasis in non-gonococcic urethritis among male patients. | urethral discharge of 415 male patients, age 18-50, were examined for trichomonas vaginalis by direct examination of fresh and giemsa-stained slides and cultivation in cplm media. in this study, 85 (20.7%) specimens out of 415, were found to be positive for trichomoniasis. three groups consisting of 30, 29 and 26 patients each was treated with secnidazole, metronidazole and ornidazole respectively. in the follow up controls, all patients were found to be negative for trichomoniasis and all compl ... | 1994 | 7844427 |
| maltose utilization by extracellular hydrolysis followed by glucose transport in trichomonas vaginalis. | the amitochondriate parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis can utilize either glucose or maltose as carbon and energy source. the mechanisms of maltose utilization were explored with uptake experiments using radio-isotope labelled maltose in combination with the silicone-oil centrifugation technique and enzymatic assays measuring maltose hydrolysis. the uptake of maltose label became saturated after 2-3 h. the uptake of maltose as a function of the external maltose concentration was linear at l ... | 1995 | 7845710 |
| preparations for aids vaccine evaluations. rate of new hiv infection in a cohort of women of childbearing age in malawi. | women attending the queen elizabeth central hospital in blantyre, malawi, between november 1989 and october 1993 were studied as part of a longitudinal cohort study of mother-to-infant hiv transmission. 694 hiv-seropositive and 687 hiv-seronegative women were enrolled at delivery. in the follow-up phase, women attended the clinic every 3 months for the first 24 months and every 6 months thereafter, where they were administered a questionnaire and underwent pelvic exam for the diagnosis of sexual ... | 1994 | 7865310 |
| subcellular localization of the enzymes of the arginine dihydrolase pathway in trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus. | the enzymes of the arginine dihydrolase pathway were demonstrated in tritrichomonas foetus and their subcellular localization determined for both t. foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. ornithine carbamyltransferase (anabolic and catabolic activities), ornithine decarboxylase and carbamate kinase activity were localized predominately (56-80%) in the non sedimentable fraction of both species. a large proportion (35-40%) of the arginine deiminase was, however, recovered in the large granular fraction ... | 1994 | 7866382 |
| sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis, tritrichomonas foetus and giardia intestinalis to bacitracin and its zinc salt in vitro. | the activity of bacitracin in vitro against giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas foetus was enhanced 5-10 times by equimolar concentrations of zinc. bacitracin and bacitracin zinc activity was tolerant to either aerobic or anaerobic culture conditions and equally effective against t. vaginalis isolates sensitive or insensitive to metronidazole. this enhancement was not due to zinc toxicity and was zinc dose dependent. | 1994 | 7886780 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: amoeboid and flagellated forms synthesize similar proteinases. | 1995 | 7895847 | |
| association of post-cesarean delivery endometritis with colonization of the chorioamnion by ureaplasma urealyticum. | to determine if asymptomatic antenatal colonization of the chorioamnion with ureaplasma urealyticum is a risk factor for the development of post-cesarean delivery endometritis. | 1995 | 7898825 |
| evaluation of the effects of albendazole and metronidazole on the ultrastructure of giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis and spironucleus muris using transmission electron microscopy. | the three closely related parasitic protozoa, giardia duodenalis, trichomonas vaginalis and spironucleus muris, all have very different sensitivities to albendazole and metronidazole. ultrastructural studies reveal that the cytoskeletal elements of the ventral disk in g. duodenalis are affected by albendazole, whereas the other two parasites, neither of which possess this structure, are not affected by albendazole to the same extent. this suggests that albendazole may be having its primary affec ... | 1994 | 7928072 |
| unique double-stranded rnas associated with the trichomonas vaginalis virus are synthesized by viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. | most trichomonas vaginalis isolates are carriers of the multisegmented double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus. in vitro polymerase assays were performed to demonstrate the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity of purified particles. transcripts which comigrated with the dsrnas of the virus were readily detected as synthesized products, indicating viral rdrp activity. in addition, smaller-sized dsrna species, possibly two of approximately 700 bp (s1) and one of 500 bp (s2), were synthesized by ... | 1994 | 7933092 |
| self sampling as part of screening for sexually transmitted diseases in clinic attenders. a preliminary study. | self sampling of the secretions of the female genital tract for microbiological investigations for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis was assessed in female attenders of the genitourinary medicine clinic in coventry and warwickshire hospital. the purpose of the study was to evaluate the possibility of offering this method of investigation to workers in the sex industry, who are reluctant to attend gum clinics. this pilot study aimed at assessing the feasibilit ... | 1994 | 7948160 |
| antioxidant defences in the microaerophilic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis: comparison of metronidazole-resistant and sensitive strains. | the sensitivity of the microaerophilic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis to oxygen and products of its reduction, and the antioxidant defences employed by this organism, were investigated. studies revealed that this amitochondrial flagellate is sensitive to oxygen tensions above those experienced in situ in the vagina (i.e. > 60 microm) and that metronidazole-resistant strains (cdc 85 and ir78) were more sensitive to elevated oxygen levels than a metronidazole-sensitive isolate (1910). in the pres ... | 1994 | 7952198 |
| carbohydrate metabolism and physiology of the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis studied in chemostats. | the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis was cultured in chemostats with glucose or maltose as carbon and energy source. the maximum growth rate was about six divisions per day independent of the substrate, and the apparent km for glucose was 0.375 mm. while growing on maltose, the growth rate depended linearly on the maltose concentration, indicating that in contrast to glucose metabolism a diffusion step is rate-limiting to maltose metabolism. cultures were examined over a wide range of gro ... | 1994 | 7952199 |
| adaptation of the carbon metabolism of trichomonas vaginalis to the nature and availability of the carbon source. | the anaerobic parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis was adapted in chemostats to eight different conditions defined by different growth rates and carbon regimens. glucose or maltose was used as carbon and energy source. cells cultured under well-defined steady states were tested in short-term experiments. the kinetics of glucose and maltose uptake were determined and their glucokinase and alpha-glucosidase activities were measured. uptake in 20 min was measured with radiolabelled glucose and m ... | 1994 | 7952200 |
| expanded polytetrafluoroethylene patch versus braided polyester tape for the repair of incompetent cervix. | this study was done to evaluate pregnant patients with cervical incompetence using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (eptfe) patch versus the commonly used braided polyester tape, comparing the rate of local tissue reaction or onset of contractions, or both. | 1994 | 7952453 |
| isolation of chlamydia trachomatis among women with symptoms of lower genital tract infection. | isolation of chlamydia trachomatis from the endocervix using cyclohexamide-treated mccoy cells were done in order to estimate the prevalence rate of its infection among gynecologic out patients who had symptoms and/or signs of lower genital tract infection. there were 498 patients from may 1989 to july 1990. eighty-six per cent of these patients were 25 years old or older. most of them (63%) were agricultural employees. ninety-three per cent were married and 78 per cent had less than or equal to ... | 1993 | 7964252 |
| [biocenosis of the vagina and infection with chlamydia trachomatis]. | the authors have examined 379 women for infection by chlamydia trachomatis, performing vaginal smears and routine bacterial cultures. c. trachomatis was discovered in 33.2% of the women, most frequently accompanied by erosion of the collum, cervicitis and cin-ca. women with c. trachomatis had the following levels of vaginal purity: 1-44.4%, 2-23.0%, 3 and 4-29.4%, 3.2% -leukocytes only. leukocytes were present in significantly more women with level 1 of vaginal purity than in the control group. ... | 1994 | 7967934 |
| analysis of the extracellular proteases of trichomonas vaginalis. | we have previously isolated two extracellular cysteine proteases (60 and 30 kda, respectively) from the cell filtrate of an isolate of trichomonas vaginalis. in this study the clinical presentation of 12 clinical isolates of t. vaginalis was correlated with their protease activity. all 12 isolates produced a 60-kda protease as demonstrated by immunoblotting. however, only 5 of 12 isolates produced a 30-kda protease in the extracellular filtrate. protease activity did not differentiate between is ... | 1994 | 7971921 |
| [comparison of latex agglutination test with conventional methods for diagnosis of trichomoniasis]. | swabs of the genito-urinary tract of 638 women were taken and subsequently examined with the use of the latex agglutination test (lat). the results were compared with wet mounts and cultures. the sensitivity of these methods were: 98, 30.7, and 46.1; the specificity: 99.8, 100, and 100; the usefulness: 99.5, 94.4, and 95.6, respectively. in acute trichomoniasis the results of lat and the conventional methods were almost identical but in the chronic and asymptomatic forms of the disease, the resu ... | 1994 | 7975652 |
| analysis of a single-domain p-glycoprotein-like gene in the early-diverging protist trichomonas vaginalis. | we have characterized a gene encoding an adenosine triphosphate (atp) binding cassette (abc) transmembrane protein from trichomonas vaginalis, an early-diverging protozoan parasite. this gene, tvpgp1, encodes a 589-amino acid protein with an amino-terminal hydrophobic region, 6 potential membrane-spanning segments and a carboxy-terminal atp binding site. tvpgp1 is most similar in sequence to mammalian p-glycoproteins, 170 kda transport proteins which are frequently overexpressed in multiple drug ... | 1994 | 7984175 |
| monocyte-derived interleukin-8 involved in the recruitment of neutrophils induced by trichomonas vaginalis infection. | 1994 | 7996015 | |
| comparative pathogenicity of trichomonas vaginalis isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic cases. | pathogenicity of 19 isolates of trichomonas vaginalis obtained from vaginal specimens were studied in the murine model by intraperitoneal inoculation. sixteen isolates were recovered from the females with various clinical conditions and 3 isolates were from normal healthy females. pathogenicity level of these isolates were studied by inoculating 5 mice per isolate through intraperitoneal route and the animals were sacrificed on the 10th day post-inoculation. in general, all the isolates recovere ... | 1993 | 7996493 |
| sexually transmitted diseases, sexual behavior, and cocaine use in inner-city women. | the prevalence of untreated sexually transmitted diseases (stds) was assessed in a cohort of 372 sexually active inner-city women (92% black, 49% us-born) with no history of injection drug use who were recruited in brooklyn, new york, in 1990 and 1991. the presence of stds was assessed via culture, serologic analyses, and medical history. sexual and drug-use histories were obtained, as was a urine sample for toxicologic analysis. thirty-five percent of the women had at least one std (27% trichom ... | 1994 | 7998594 |
| identification and molecular cloning of four cysteine proteinase genes from the pathogenic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis. | the parasitic protozoon trichomonas vaginalis produces multiple forms of cysteine proteinase (cp). the molecular basis for this has now been examined by cloning dna fragments encoding cps. using generic degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on two well-conserved regions within the central region of all eukaryotic cps, several polymerase chain reaction fragments were isolated from t. vaginalis genomic dna and shown to encode different cps. one fragment with a well-represented sequence was used ... | 1994 | 8000542 |
| is trichomonas vaginalis a cause of cervical neoplasia? results from a combined analysis of 24 studies. | we conducted this combined analysis of available data from studies with information on this issue to clarify the association between trichomonas vaginalis infection and cervical neoplasia. | 1994 | 8002180 |
| [trichomonacidal activity of newly synthesized derivatives of benzoizothiazolinon (bit) in vitro]. | trichomonacidal activity in vitro of 2 newly synthesized derivatives of benzoizothiazolinon (bit) in comparison with metronidazole was determined by calculating lethal concentration for 50% trichomonal population (c50). experiments were carried out on 2 strains of t. vaginalis and 2 strains of t. anseris. both preparations showed considerably higher trichomonacidal activity than metronidazole. mean values of trichomonacidal activity of n-morpholinomethyl-1,2-benzoizothiazolinon-3 for t. vaginali ... | 1994 | 8023507 |
| determination of the viability of trichomonas vaginalis using flow cytometry. | in clinical laboratories, viability of trichomonas vaginalis is determined by using light microscopy (differential count of motile to nonmotile organisms). alternative methods are proposed that utilise flow cytometry. under an epifluorescence microscope, live organisms fluorescence intensely green with fluorescein diacetate (fda), whereas dead cells fluoresce orange with propidium iodide (pi). flow cytometric histograms of green versus red fluorescence reveal distinct populations for live and de ... | 1994 | 8026224 |
| a new method for identification of trichomonas vaginalis by fluorescent dna in situ hybridization. | the protozoan flagellate trichomonas vaginalis is responsible for human trichomoniasis, one of the most widespread sexually transmitted diseases in the world. several methods are currently used for laboratory diagnosis, including direct microscopic observation, cell culture, immunological techniques, and more recently, dna probing and gene amplification. this report describes an in situ hybridization technique with specific dna probes labeled with either biotin, rhodamine, or fluorescein for det ... | 1994 | 8027304 |