Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of dna vaccines encoding map0586c and map4308c of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis secretome. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the etiological agent of chronic enteritis of the small intestine in domestic and wild ruminants, causes substantial losses to livestock industry. control of this disease is seriously hampered by the lack of adequate diagnostic tools, vaccines and therapies. in this study, we have evaluated the vaccine potential of two map proteins, i.e. map0586c and map4308c, previously identified by postgenomic and immunoproteomic analysis of map secretome as ... | 2008 | 18652866 |
| immunology of mycobacterial infections: with special reference to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | the interplay between mycobacteria and host determines the outcome of infection. after uptake of mycobacteria by macrophages, several possible scenarios may emerge; mycobacteria may be destroyed immediately or there is establishment of persistent infection. this review is focused around mycobacteria-host interactions with reference to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection and highlights protective mechanisms involved in order to design vaccines and other control strateg ... | 2008 | 18656706 |
| vaccination against paratuberculosis. | johne's disease, or paratuberculosis, is a chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) affecting principally cattle, sheep and goats. primarily, there are two clinical signs: cachexia and chronic diarrhea (less common in goats and sheep). this disease results in considerable economic losses in livestock industry, particularly the dairy sector. the route of transmission is mostly by the fecal-oral route, but hygienic measures and cullin ... | 2008 | 18665779 |
| crystal structure of a udp-glucose-specific glycosyltransferase from a mycobacterium species. | glycosyltransferases (gts) are a large and ubiquitous family of enzymes that specifically transfer sugar moieties to a range of substrates. mycobacterium tuberculosis contains a large number of gts, many of which are implicated in cell wall synthesis, yet the majority of these gts remain poorly characterized. here, we report the high resolution crystal structures of an essential gt (map2569c) from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (a close homologue of rv1208 from m. tuberculosis) in i ... | 2008 | 18667419 |
| antibacterial activities of naturally occurring compounds against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | the antibacterial activities of 18 naturally occurring compounds (including essential oils and some of their isolated constituents, apple and green tea polyphenols, and other plant extracts) against three strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (a bovine isolate [nctc 8578], a raw-milk isolate [806r], and a human isolate [atcc 43015]) were evaluated using a macrobroth susceptibility testing method. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was grown in 4 ml middlebrook 7h9 broth containing ... | 2008 | 18676709 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from waste milk delivered to california calf ranches. | the objective of this study was to determine if viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) was present in waste milk delivered and fed to calves on california calf ranches. four calf-raising facilities in the central valley of california that fed pasteurized waste milk to calves were enrolled. pre- and post-pasteurization waste milk samples were cultured for map using liquid and solid media over a 5-day period during each of four seasons. aerobic cultures were performed simultaneou ... | 2008 | 18681799 |
| distribution of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the lower florida keys. | johne's disease, a fatal and contagious gastrointestinal infection caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), was first diagnosed in an endangered florida key deer (odocoileus virginianus clavium) in 1996 and later in six additional key deer deaths from 1998 to 2004. we investigated the geographic distribution of map in the lower florida keys from february 2005 through may 2006 via collection of blood and fecal pellets from 51 live-captured deer, collection of 550 fecal samples ... | 2008 | 18689642 |
| transcriptional analysis of diverse strains mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in primary bovine monocyte derived macrophages. | in this study we analyzed the macrophage-induced gene expression of three diverse genotypes of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). using selective capture of transcribed sequences (scots) on three genotypically diverse map isolates from cattle, human, and sheep exposed to primary bovine monocyte derived macrophages for 48 h and 120 h we created and sequenced six cdna libraries. sequence annotations revealed that the cattle isolate up-regulated 27 and 241 genes; the human isolate u ... | 2008 | 18692151 |
| differential expression of cd5 on b lymphocytes in cattle infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | cd5 is a cell surface molecule involved in antigen recognition and is present on all t lymphocytes and a subset of b lymphocytes. the purpose of this study was to examine cd5+ expression on peripheral blood b cells from healthy, noninfected cattle and cattle with subclinical and clinical paratuberculosis. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were freshly isolated or cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of live mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. avium subsp. paratuberc ... | 2008 | 18692906 |
| risk factors associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis seropositivity in canadian dairy cows and herds. | our objective was to determine the risk factors associated with the seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in a large number of randomly selected canadian dairy herds, controlling for important confounding variables and co-infections with bovine leukemia virus (blv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and neospora caninum (nc). serum samples from 30 randomly selected cows, where available, in 315 herds from seven provinces were tested for antibodies against blv, ... | 2009 | 18692926 |
| a robust method for bacterial lysis and dna purification to be used with real-time pcr for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk. | a possible mode of transmission for the ruminant pathogen mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) from cattle to humans is via milk and dairy products. although controversially, map has been suggested as the causative agent of crohn's disease and its presence in consumers' milk might be of concern. a method to detect map in milk with real-time pcr was developed for screening of bulk tank milk. pellet and cream fractions of milk were pooled and subjected to enzymatic digestion and mecha ... | 2008 | 18694788 |
| abnormalities in the handling of intracellular bacteria in crohn's disease: a link between infectious etiology and host genetic susceptibility. | the etiology of crohn's disease (cd) is still poorly understood, but recent advances have highlighted the importance of the innate immune system and the critical relationship between the gut flora and the intestinal mucosa. several combinations of genetic factors predisposing to cd have been described, with the most significant replicable associations including genes for intracellular receptors of bacterial cell walls (nod2/card15) and for bacterial clearance and antigen processing via autophagy ... | 2008 | 18726145 |
| risk factors for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in fars province (southern iran) dairy herds. | a cross-sectional study was conducted from march to august 2006 in dairy herds in fars province, southern iran to determine the herd-level risk factors for infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed that contamination of udders of periparturient cows with manure (or = 6.4, p = 0.02) and history of having suspected cases of johne's disease in the herd (or = 6.7, p = 0.04) were significantly associated w ... | 2009 | 18726705 |
| pasteurization of colostrum reduces the incidence of paratuberculosis in neonatal dairy calves. | in the present study, the potential benefits of feeding pasteurized colostrum were demonstrated in calves born to dams naturally infected with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. calves were separated at birth from their dams and randomly allocated into a group fed either the colostrum of their dam (dc; n = 6), followed by feeding the milk of the dam for 3 wk and then milk replacer, or into a group fed pooled pasteurized colostrum (pc; n = 5) from healthy noninfected dams, followed by mil ... | 2008 | 18765618 |
| growth pattern and partial proteome of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis during the stress response to hypoxia and nutrient starvation. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is an important pathogen that causes johne's disease in animals and has been implicated in crohn's disease in man yet few data exist on its physiological adaptation in either the host or the environment. in this study, the proteomic responses of the two distinct strains of m. a. paratuberculosis, cattle (c) and sheep (s), to hypoxia and starvation were studied in vitro. nutrient starvation inhibited growth of both strains and was lethal for s strain af ... | 2009 | 18786786 |
| cows, crohn's and more: is mycobacterium paratuberculosis a superantigen? | the plausibility of a causal role of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in crohn's disease has gone from controversial to compelling. this century old debate is resolving because of unfolding understanding of shared genetic susceptibilities for crohn's and mycobacterial infection in addition to newer laboratory tests to detect map which have linked map and crohn's. mycobacterial heat shock proteins are associated with a multitude of "autoimmune" diseases, including type 1 diab ... | 2008 | 18789596 |
| strain-specific sensitivity estimates of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis culture in greek sheep and goats. | the requirements for the isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) may be related to the strain-type [sheep (s)- or cattle (c)-type] and not to the host. the objective of this paper was to estimate and compare strain- and biological sample (faeces or pooled-tissue)--specific sensitivities (ses) of two solid culture media, herrold's egg yolk medium (heym) and lowenstein-jensen (lj) medium, for the isolation of map from greek dairy sheep and goats. from 400 faecal samples coll ... | 2009 | 18793275 |
| prevalence of avian influenza viruses, borrelia garinii, mycobacterium avium, and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in waterfowl and terrestrial birds in slovakia, 2006. | the prevalence of borrelia, mycobacteria and avian influenza virus (aiv) infections, together with the distribution of different aiv subtypes, was studied in migratory waterfowl and terrestrial birds trapped in three localities in slovakia during 2006. samples obtained from waterfowl captured in the senianske ponds area of eastern slovakia showed the highest diversity of aiv isolates. a total of 13 different subtypes were detected in 19 samples from this location (h1n2, h2n2, h3n2, h6n6, h7n6, h ... | 2008 | 18798030 |
| wildlife (boselaphus tragocamelus)-small ruminant (goat and sheep) interface in the transmission of 'bison type' genotype of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in india. | information on mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) genotypes infecting different animal species in india is limited. presence of map was investigated in free ranging antelopes (locally known as nilgai/blue bulls/boselaphus tragocamelus) using direct microscopy, culture, is900 pcr and is1311 pcr-rea. is900 elements of map from nilgai and previously isolated from goats were sequenced and compared to establish inter-species transmission between free ranging nilgai and closed farm ... | 2010 | 18805585 |
| evaluation of four methods of dna recovery from mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis present in intestine tissue of goats and comparative sensitivity of is900 pcr with respect to culture for diagnosis of johne's disease. | low sensitivity of pcr reaction for detection of mycoobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in tissues and fecal samples is mainly attributed to false negative results. present study was undertaken to compare four methods of dna isolation from tissues of infected animals and to determine most sensitive protocol for the recovery of dna, suitable for is900 pcr based detection of johne's disease infection. method i, the traditional van soolingen2 method of dna isolation was adopted for ... | 2008 | 18814486 |
| is mycobacterium paratuberculosis or any other infectious agent involved in the pathogenesis of ibd? | 2008 | 18816732 | |
| a review of prevalences of paratuberculosis in farmed animals in europe. | prevalence estimates are used by decision makers such as policy makers and risk assessors to make choices related to certain diseases and infections. paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), is a chronic infection particularly resulting in economic losses among farmed ruminants. therefore, this infection is of concern for many farming industry decision makers. as a result, multiple studies have been carried out to determine the within-herd and between-herd p ... | 2009 | 18817995 |
| on-farm spread of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk studied by is900 and f57 competitive real time quantitative pcr and culture examination. | a rapid, cheap and sensitive detection method of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in raw milk was needed for routine usage. we developed two duplex real time qpcr systems specific for map detection. these real time qpcr assays amplify the multicopy element is900 for qualitative analysis and the single copy element f57 for quantitative analysis. both assays incorporate an internal amplification control amplified with the same primers as the targets and the same probes are used in ... | 2008 | 18824269 |
| financial modelling of the potential cost of ovine johne's disease and the benefit of vaccinating sheep flocks in southern new south wales. | to develop an enterprise gross margin (gm) model that predicts the on-farm financial impact of ovine johne's disease (ojd) for various sheep enterprises in australia. in addition, to estimate the benefits and costs of control through the use of the gudair vaccination, including a breakeven point. | 2008 | 18826512 |
| diagnostic detection methods for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in white-tailed deer. | this study compares the results and suitability of serological testing, microscopic examination, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) detection, and bacterial culture for detecting mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in asymptomatic farmed white-tailed deer (wtd) (odocoileus virginianus). deer were classified as infected if culture slants from their feces, lymph nodes, or ileum were positive, or if a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay detected map dna in any of its tissues. dee ... | 2008 | 18827845 |
| real-time pcr identification of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in ovine and bovine tissues. | 2008 | 18836157 | |
| comparison between two in situ methods for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis detection in tissue samples from infected cattle. | paratuberculosis or johne's disease is a chronic infectious disorder caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the disease produces diarrhea and weight loss in cattle and other animal species, and it is characterized by granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis. histopathology and in situ techniques can be used as a diagnostic test, but the performance of these methods was not previously compared. the aim of this paper was to evaluate the ability of immunohistochemistry and in ... | 2009 | 18838233 |
| genomic analysis of local isolate of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease (jd or paratuberculosis) in animals and has also been implicated in crohn's disease of humans. it has been shown that map is endemic in animal population of india. understanding of heterogeneity among map strains is important both for diagnosis and design control measures. genotyping and epidemiological investigations revealed that map 'bison type' was the predominant strain infecting domestic ruminant population in ind ... | 2009 | 18838235 |
| immunogenicity of proteome-determined mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific proteins in sheep with paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes paratuberculosis, a chronic granulomatous enteritis. detecting animals with paratuberculosis infections is difficult because the currently available tools have low sensitivity and lack specificity; these tools are prone to generating spurious positive test results caused by exposure to environmental m. avium complex organisms. to generate candidate antigens for incorporation into a specific test for paratuberculosis, subspecies-specific proteins ... | 2008 | 18845834 |
| decrease of johne's disease prevalence and incidence in six minnesota, usa, dairy cattle herds on a long-term management program. | the objective of this prospective longitudinal field study was to describe changes in prevalence of seroconversion and fecal shedding and changes in incidence rate of seroconversion, fecal shedding and culling of milk cows for clinical signs of johne's disease (jd) in six minnesota (usa) herds participating to the jd demonstration herd project (jddhp) from 2000 to december 2005. changes in prevalence and incidence rate were evaluated in light of the owner's compliance to the jddhp using a risk a ... | 2009 | 18848365 |
| association between mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna in blood and cellular and humoral immune response in inflammatory bowel disease patients and controls. | similarities between human inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) and ruminant paratuberculosis have fueled a heated discussion on the role of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in the etiology of ibd. | 2009 | 18922720 |
| combined multilocus short-sequence-repeat and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem-repeat typing of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates. | short-sequence-repeat (ssr) sequencing was applied to 127 mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates typed by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeats (miru-vntr) and is900 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). combined miru-vntr and ssr typing followed by secondary is900 rflp typing is an improved approach to high-resolution genotyping of this pathogen. | 2008 | 18923016 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies induce differential expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in a murine macrophage model: evidence for enhanced pathogenicity of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies (ssp.) paratuberculosis (map) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, a chronic, non-treatable granulomatous enteritis of ruminants. map is the only mycobacterium affecting the intestinal tract, which is of interest since it is presently the most favoured pathogen linked to crohn's disease (cd) in humans due to its frequent detection in cd tissues. map is genetically closely related to other m. avium ssp. such as m. avium ssp. avium (maa) and m. avium ssp. ho ... | 2008 | 18926302 |
| association between card15/nod2 gene polymorphisms and paratuberculosis infection in cattle. | paratuberculosis represents a major problem in farmed ruminants and at the present is considered a potential zoonosis. the disease is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and susceptibility to infection is suspected to have a genetic component. caspase recruitment domain 15 (card15) gene encodes for a cytosolic protein implicated in bacterial recognition during innate immunity. crohn's disease (cd) is an idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease in humans comparable in many feature ... | 2009 | 18926647 |
| agreement between elisa and complement fixation test used for diagnosing of paratuberculosis in goats. | an elisa with a lipoarabinomannan as an antigen, developed for diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis, has been adapted for use in goats, and compared with complement fixation test. kappa value of 0.62 indicated good agreement between cft and the adapted elisa and proved that the investigated elisa may be helpful in diagnosis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in goats. the elisa has been used to screen a randomly selected representative sample of polish breeding goat populat ... | 2008 | 18942542 |
| evaluation of immune responses and protective efficacy in a goat model following immunization with a coctail of recombinant antigens and a polyprotein of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | the protective efficacy of four recombinant antigens (85a, 85b, superoxide dismutase [sod], and a fusion polypeptide [map74f]) of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) along with the adjuvant dimethydioctadecyl ammonium bromide (dda) was assessed in a goat challenge model. animals were immunized with the four antigens with adjuvant dda (group i, eight goat kids) or without the adjuvant (group ii, eight goat kids) or adjuvant only (group iii, nine goat kids). animals were boostered 3 ... | 2009 | 18955101 |
| use of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis specific coding sequences for serodiagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis. | in this study, the finished complete genome of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) was screened for specific coding sequences that could be very valuable in the design of a sensitive and specific map detection serological assay. eighty-seven map-specific sequences were retained. among these, three candidate antigens have been analysed for their serodiagnostic potential. these antigens were selected on the basis of their putative immunogenicity as predicted by in silico analysis. th ... | 2009 | 18977614 |
| review paper: modulation of mononuclear phagocyte function by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | pathogenic mycobacteria are highly adapted for survival within host mononuclear phagocytes. this is largely due to the organism's capacity to prevent macrophage activation, block phagosome acidification and maturation, and attenuate presentation of antigens to the immune system. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is one such organism that modulates the ruminant innate immune response. it is the causative agent in paratuberculosis, a chronic progressive granulomatous enteritis in r ... | 2008 | 18984786 |
| test and teach. chronic soft tissue inflammation following accidental inoculation with a sheep vaccine. diagnosis: immune response to mineral oil and mycobacterium antigens in vaccine strain (gudair) of mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis. | 2008 | 18985526 | |
| effect of paratuberculosis on the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in a cattle herd with a mixed infection using interferon-gamma detection assay. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) detection assay is being applied as an ancillary test to tuberculin tests in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis to detect the maximum number of infected animals. among possible factors influencing the performance of tuberculosis-diagnostic tests, paratuberculosis, a widespread disease in spain and other european countries, has been pointed out as a cause of false positive reactions. still, its effect on the sensitivity of these tests in cattle has yet to be fully c ... | 2009 | 18986776 |
| causality and gastrointestinal infections: koch, hill, and crohn's. | the gastrointestinal tract contains a complex mix of microorganisms. therefore, the finding of a particular microbe in the gastrointestinal tract or stools of a patient with intestinal disease does not necessarily indicate that the clinical state resulted from the presence of this organism. for this reason, extending from epidemiological association to causality is particularly challenging for gastrointestinal diseases. most established agents of acute bacterial gastroenteritis (eg, escherichia ... | 2008 | 18992408 |
| association between cow reproduction and calf growth traits and elisa scores for paratuberculosis in a multibreed herd of beef cattle. | the objective of this research was to assess the association between 4 cow reproductive and weight traits, and 2 preweaning calf traits and elisa scores for paratuberculosis (0 = negative, 1 = suspect, 2 = weak-positive, and 3 = positive) in a multibreed herd of cows ranging from 100% angus (a) to 100% brahman (b). cow data were 624 gestation lengths (gl), 358 records of time open (to), 605 calving intervals (ci), and 1240 weight changes from november to weaning in september (wc) from 502 purebr ... | 2009 | 18998232 |
| presence of ppe proteins in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates and their immunogenicity in cattle. | johne's disease or paratuberculosis in cattle is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). although the stages of infection have been well described, very few virulence factors of map have been studied in detail. we aimed to study the localization and immunogenicity of members of the polymorphic ppe protein family which is unique to mycobacteria and has been linked to virulence in mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). the presence of ppe proteins in the cell wall was investigated ... | 2009 | 19004580 |
| advances in epidemiology and diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases. | the etiology of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd) remains unknown. understanding ibd epidemiology helps to identify at-risk individuals, to appreciate the changing demographic profile of ibd, and to interpret theories of ibd pathogenesis. this article reviews recent advances in epidemiology and diagnostics. the importance of clostridium difficile is highlighted. state-of-the-art ibd diagnostic modalities include serology, fecal markers, and advanced radiologic or endoscopic techniques. t ... | 2008 | 19006614 |
| quantitative pcr monitoring of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial pathogens in three european artificial groundwater recharge systems. | aquifer recharge presents advantages for integrated water management in the anthropic cycle, namely, advanced treatment of reclaimed water and additional dilution of pollutants due to mixing with natural groundwater. nevertheless, this practice represents a health and environmental hazard because of the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and chemical contaminants. to assess the quality of water extracted from recharged aquifers, the groundwater recharge systems in torreele, belgium, sabadell, ... | 2009 | 19011075 |
| analysis of the growth pattern, survival and proteome of mycobacteriumavium subsp. paratuberculosis following exposure to heat. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease in ruminants and may be involved in crohn's disease in humans. the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro growth pattern and proteome of map after heat stress following prior observations that map may exist in a dormant state in the environment when protected from extreme temperature flux and may survive pasteurization. data were obtained for two genomically distinct strains of map, sheep (s) and cattle (c), from 50 ... | 2009 | 19019575 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis suppresses expression of il-12p40 and inos genes induced by signalling through cd40 in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is a facultative intracellular organism that resides in host macrophages. map causes a fatal wasting syndrome in ruminants, typified by granulomatous enteritis in the small intestine. map has also been suspected as a causative or exacerbating factor in some cases of human crohn's disease. in map infections, a cytotoxic and proinflammatory th1-like response is essential to control disease. while such a response may initially develop, this typi ... | 2009 | 19022505 |
| association between milk antibody and interferon-gamma responses in cattle from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infected herds. | paratuberculosis is a chronic infection of ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). it is possible to detect infection with paratuberculosis at different stages of disease by means of various diagnostic test strategies. the objective of the present study was to evaluate if early cell-mediated immunity could predict the antibody results of milk samples in cattle with different faecal culture (fc) status. a group of 975 cows from 18 danish map infected dairy herds was ... | 2009 | 19027177 |
| insertion and deletion events that define the pathogen mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium comprises genetically related yet phenotypically distinct subspecies. consistent with their common origin, whole-genome sequence comparisons have revealed extensive synteny among m. avium organisms. however, the sequenced strains also display numerous regions of heterogeneity that likely contribute to the diversity of the individual subspecies. starting from a phylogenetic framework derived by multilocus sequence analysis, we examined the distribution of 25 large sequence pol ... | 2009 | 19028885 |
| comparative analysis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from cattle, sheep and goats by short sequence repeat and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes the chronic enteritis called paratuberculosis mainly in cattle, sheep and goats. evidences that point out an association between map and crohn's disease in humans are increasing. strain differentiation among map isolates has proved to be difficult and has limited the study of the molecular epidemiology of paratuberculosis. in order to asses the usefulness of the pcr based short sequence repeat (ssr) analysis of locus 1 and locus 8 in the e ... | 2008 | 19032737 |
| colostrum and milk as risk factors for infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) infections cause major losses to the dairy industry. transmission of map occurs primarily via feces and in utero, but map can also be excreted in colostrum and milk. the objective of this study was to determine whether colostrum and milk fed to calves are important risk factors for infection with map. a questionnaire was sent to 1,050 farms participating in the danish control program on paratuberculosis in early 2007. details on practices regarding ... | 2008 | 19038936 |
| discovery of stable and variable differences in the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis type i, ii, and iii genomes by pan-genome microarray analysis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is an important animal pathogen widely disseminated in the environment that has also been associated with crohn's disease in humans. three m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genomotypes are recognized, but genomic differences have not been fully described. to further investigate these potential differences, a 60-mer oligonucleotide microarray (designated the mapac array), based on the combined genomes of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (strain k-10) and ... | 2009 | 19047395 |
| absence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in crohn's patients. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) has been suspected of involvement in crohn's disease (cd). we investigated this potential association by testing whole blood from cd patients and healthy controls for the presence of map by culture and molecular methods. in addition, each blood sample was analyzed for polymorphisms in the nod2/card15 gene previously associated with cd. | 2009 | 19058231 |
| efficacy of novel lipid-formulated whole bacterial cell vaccines against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis [map], the causative agent of enteric johne's disease, incurs significant economic losses to the livestock industry. prophylactic vaccination can be employed as a control means, however mineral oil-based vaccines currently in practice have limited efficacy, produce strong antibody responses that confound serological diagnostic testing, and cause severe injection site reactions. in the present study, the safety and efficacy of a commercial mineral oil-a ... | 2009 | 19059295 |
| evaluation of progress made by dairy and beef herds enrolled in the minnesota johne's disease control program. | to evaluate progress made by cattle herds in the control of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) through participation in the minnesota johne's disease control program (mnjdcp). | 2008 | 19072610 |
| real-time pcr, compared to liquid and solid culture media and elisa, for the detection of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis. | a goal of johne's disease control programs is to accurately detect mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) infected cattle as quickly as possible to reduce disease transmission. a newly introduced real-time pcr provides results rapidly, but its accuracy in the field has not been evaluated. fecal and serum samples collected from dairy cows in northern indiana were used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of a newly licensed real-time pcr test for direct fecal detection of mycobact ... | 2009 | 19091493 |
| development and validation of a triplex real-time pcr for rapid detection and specific identification of m. avium sub sp. paratuberculosis in faecal samples. | a triplex real-time (trt-pcr) assay was developed to ensure a rapid and reliable detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in faecal samples and to allow routine detection of map in farmed livestock and wildlife species. the trt-pcr assay was designed using is900, ismap02 and f57 molecular targets. specificity of trt-pcr was first confirmed on a panel of control mycobacterial map and non-map strains and on faecal samples from map-negative cows (n=35) and from map-positive co ... | 2009 | 19095382 |
| [antibiosis instead of the scalpel: new findings for crohn disease]. | 2009 | 19101890 | |
| higher non-return rate associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection at early stage in holstein dairy cows. | the effects of infection by mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) on dairy cows are poorly documented and quite controversial. this retrospective study aimed at quantifying the variation in non-return to service of holstein dairy cows according to their map-infection status. three different statuses were defined based on both individual and herd tests results: elisa positive cow, all tests negative cow in a negative herd and all tests negative cow in a positive herd. whatever the age at map ... | 2009 | 19117602 |
| oligonucleotide microarray technology and its application to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis research: a review. | microarrays represent a modern powerful technology, which have potential applications in many areas of biological research and provide new insights into the genomics and transcriptomics of living systems. the aim of this review is to describe the application of microarray technology for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) research. the main focus points include a summary of results obtained for map using microarrays, examination of the fields of map research which are currently bei ... | 2009 | 19130317 |
| toll-like receptors tlr1, tlr2 and tlr4 gene mutations and natural resistance to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in cattle. | toll like receptors (tlrs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors belonging to the innate immune system. mutations in the protein coding region of tlrs are associated with altered responsiveness to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). a search was performed for novel mutations in bovine tlr1, tlr2 and tlr4 genes associated with the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection. the work was also focused on the assessment of linkage between well known mutations in t ... | 2009 | 19131114 |
| mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis invades human small-intestinal goblet cells and elicits inflammation. | crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) was found in the gut of patients with crohn disease, but causality was not established. fully developed, germ-free human small intestine and colon were established by subcutaneous transplantation of fetal gut into scid (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice thereafter infected by direct intraluminal inoculation of map. we have found that map actively invades the human gut epithe ... | 2009 | 19133807 |
| pathogenesis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in neonatal calves after oral or intraperitoneal experimental infection. | understanding the host response to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is critical to the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics for the control of this disease in the field. the current study compared the effectiveness of oral and intraperitoneal (ip) methods of experimental inoculation and two strains of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (strain k-10 and clinical isolate 509) on the level of infection and lesion development. calves were inoculated with 4x10(11) to 8x10(12)cf ... | 2009 | 19135813 |
| association between mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection among offspring and their dams in nondomestic ruminant species housed in a zoo. | the objective of the present study was to determine whether offspring of dams infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have an increased risk for map infection. antemortem and postmortem disease surveillance data were used to identify positive and test-negative ruminants born at the zoological society of san diego (zssd) between 1991 and 2007 and to estimate cumulative lifetime incidence. a matched case-control study, nested within the population, was conducted and conditi ... | 2009 | 19139499 |
| comparison of three immunological diagnostic tests for the detection of avian tuberculosis in naturally infected red deer (cervus elaphus). | cases of tuberculosis due to mycobacterium avium subsp. avium in 52 adult red deer (cervus elaphus) from a farm were studied using different diagnostic techniques. immunological probes consisted of the comparative cervical tuberculin (cct) skin test, the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) assay, and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) employing either avian purified protein derivatives or protoplasmatic antigen (ppa-3) as antigens. three of the animals were euthanized due to severe weakness, ... | 2009 | 19139508 |
| factors affecting isolation and identification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from fecal and tissue samples in a liquid culture system. | culture of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the definitive diagnostic test for johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteropathy of animals. compared to solid media, the identification of all strains of the organism in liquid media can be more difficult because the appearance of colonies and mycobactin dependence are not observable, and the growth of other organisms needs to be distinguished, commonly by pcr. factors affecting the isolation rate of s strains and the contaminatio ... | 2009 | 19144807 |
| risk haplotype analysis for bovine paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease), caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, is an important disease for bovines, although its genetic basis is poorly understood. in this study, three candidate genes were typed to study the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and paratuberculosis susceptibility (measured in a 1 or 0 form) at the haplotype level. a significant risk haplotype, constructed by a variant allele (c) at the first snp and a common allele (a) at the ... | 2009 | 19145459 |
| optical mapping of the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genome. | infection of cattle with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. ap) causes severe economic losses to the dairy industry in the usa and worldwide. in an effort to better examine diversity among m. ap strains, we used optical mapping to profile genomic variations between strains of m. ap k-10 (sequenced strain) and m. ap atcc 19698 (type strain). | 2009 | 19146697 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and its relationship with crohn's disease. | the hypothesis postulating that mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) is the cause of crohn's disease (cd) has been circulating for many years. advances in molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction and culture methods, have enabled researchers to demonstrate that there is an association between map and cd. recently, genome-wide association studies have identified novel susceptibility genes for cd, which are critical for generation of an adaptive immune response that is protect ... | 2009 | 19152445 |
| ovine small intestinal adenocarcinomas are not associated with infection by herpesviruses, helicobacter species or mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | sheep in new zealand more frequently develop small intestinal adenocarcinoma (sia) than sheep in other countries. the reasons for this high rate of intestinal neoplasia are not known. in man, differences between countries in the incidence of neoplasia are often due to differences in the rate of infection by carcinogenic viruses or bacteria. therefore, it was hypothesized that new zealand sheep more frequently develop sia as they are more frequently exposed to an infectious agent. this study comp ... | 2009 | 19159897 |
| evaluation of the immunogenicity of recombinant stress-associated proteins during mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection: implications for pathogenesis and diagnosis. | the aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity of recombinant stress-associated proteins of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep infected with the organism compared to control sheep. five proteins - map2411, clpp, ppa, map0593c and grea - which were identified previously in in vitro stress or dormancy responses of m. paratuberculosis to hypoxia, nutrient starvation and heat, were cloned, expressed and purified as his-tag recombinant proteins from the pet-15b vector in a b ... | 2009 | 19186011 |
| clinical trial on type of calving pen and the risk of disease in holstein calves during the first 90 d of life. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of single cow calving pens that are cleaned between calvings vs. multiple cow calving pens for the prevention of calf diarrhea (scours), respiratory disease (pneumonia) and morbidity attributable to any cause. every other pregnant cow or heifer was moved to either the single cow calving pen (treatment) or the multiple cow calving pen (control) within 48-72 h prior to actual calving. the calves born in the single cow calving pens were assig ... | 2009 | 19193464 |
| coexpression of 16.8 kda antigen of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and murine gamma interferon in a bicistronic vector and studies on its potential as dna vaccine. | paratuberculosis or johne's disease is a chronic gastric disease of ruminants. for this disease there is no effective treatment or preventive measure available. 16.8 kda protein is an immunogenic protein of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and can be an ideal candidate for developing a dna vaccine construct. in present study a bicistronic dna vaccine construct pir16.8/ifn was developed using eukaryotic vector pires 6.1. two genes mpt (expressing 16.8 kda protein) and murine ifngamma were clo ... | 2009 | 19199070 |
| johne's disease in a free-ranging white-tailed deer from virginia and subsequent surveillance for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | johne's disease (paratuberculosis) was diagnosed in a 2-yr-old, male, free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from fauquier county, virginia, usa, based on histopathology and culture for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. clinical and pathologic findings included emaciation; loss of body fat; chronic diarrhea; severe, chronic, diffuse granulomatous colitis with intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacilli; moderate, chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis with intrahistiocytic ac ... | 2009 | 19204350 |
| specific immunoassays confirm association of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with type-1 but not type-2 diabetes mellitus. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is a versatile pathogen with a broad host range. its association with type-1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm) has been recently proposed. rapid identification of infectious agents such as map in diabetic patients at the level of clinics might be helpful in deciphering the role of chronic bacterial infection in the development of autoimmune diseases such as t1dm. | 2009 | 19204799 |
| the transport of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis through saturated aquifer materials. | to investigate the processes controlling the transport of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) through aquifer materials. | 2009 | 19207858 |
| development of a bovine ileal cannulation model to study the immune response and mechanisms of pathogenesis of paratuberculosis. | an ileal cannulation model was developed in conjunction with a flow cytometric assay to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of immunopathogenesis of johne's disease caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. initial studies with calves showed that m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna is detectable by pcr in ileal biopsies during the first months following experimental infection. inflammatory lesions were not detected on endoscopic evaluation up to 8 months postexperimental ... | 2009 | 19225077 |
| genotype profiles of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates recovered from animals, commercial milk, and human beings in north india. | to understand the genetic diversity of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) isolates recovered from domestic and wild ruminants, commercial milk, and human beings in north india. | 2009 | 19233699 |
| evidence for age susceptibility of cattle to johne's disease. | calf rearing programs for the control of bovine johne's disease (bjd) in dairy farms have been widely adopted globally and are based on evidence that the most significant risk factor for developing the disease is exposure of young calves to infectious doses of the causative organism mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb). hygienic calf rearing practices aim to break the transmission cycle of mptb by removing neonatal calves from their dams within 12h of birth and segregating replacem ... | 2010 | 19246220 |
| in utero mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection of a pygmy goat. | 2009 | 19252216 | |
| limitations of single tests in the diagnosis of map. | 2009 | 19252219 | |
| a biosensor assay for the detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fecal samples. | a simple, membrane-strip-based lateral-flow (lf) biosensor assay and a high-throughput microtiter plate assay have been combined with a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the detection of a small number (ten) of viable mycobacterium (m.) avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) cells in fecal samples. the assays are based on the identification of the rna of the is900 element of map. for the assay, rna was extracted from fecal samples spiked with a known quantity of (10(1) to ... | 2009 | 19255522 |
| rapid mycobacterial liquid culture-screening method for mycobacterium avium complex based on secreted antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | sensors in automated liquid culture systems for mycobacteria, such as mgit, bact/alert 3d, and trek esp ii, flag growth of any type of bacteria; a positive signal does not mean that the target mycobacteria are present. all signal-positive cultures thus require additional and often laborious testing. an immunoassay was developed to screen liquid mycobacterial cultures for evidence of mycobacterium avium complex (mac). the method, called the mac-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), relies on ... | 2009 | 19261776 |
| the early lymphocyte proliferation response in sheep exposed to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis compared to infection status. | johne's disease (jd) is an enteric mycobacterial infection of ruminants that has significant global economic impact. not all individuals exposed to pathogenic mycobacteria succumb to disease. therefore although early detection of infectious individuals is vital, it is equally important to distinguish how the host response differs in those that are able to successfully clear or control mycobacterial infection and those that are unable to do so. to further our understanding of this issue we studie ... | 2010 | 19264377 |
| approaches to johne's disease. | 2009 | 19270326 | |
| early phase morphological lesions and transcriptional responses of bovine ileum infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of chronic enteritis in ruminants (johne's disease) and a possible etiopathologic agent in human crohn's disease. the host-pathogen interaction in this chronic disease has largely depended on the randomly collected static lesions studied in subclinically or clinically infected animals. we have established and utilized the neonatal calf ligated ileal loop model to study the early temporal host changes during map infection. a ... | 2009 | 19276052 |
| enzyme-linked immunospot: an alternative method for the detection of interferon gamma in johne's disease. | to date, the sensitivity of the interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect johne's disease (jd) has been poor, especially in the early stages of disease. to improve the sensitivity of ifn-gamma detection in the early stages of infection, an alternate assay needs to be developed. the enzyme-linked immunospot (elispot) assay is a highly sensitive technique for the detection of cytokines and has the potential to improve the diagnosis of jd. of the variables exa ... | 2009 | 19286496 |
| on the effect of thalidomide on mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in culture. | without known mechanisms of action, thalidomide is used to treat a variety of non-malignant 'idiopathic' diseases. there is increasing concern that mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) may be zoonotic. recently, methotrexate, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp), 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa), cyclosporine a, rapamycin, and tacrolimus have been shown to inhibit map growth in culture, indicating that, unknowingly, map infections may have been treated for decades. we herein test ... | 2009 | 19303801 |
| association of farm soil characteristics with ovine johne's disease in australia. | speculation about the association of soil characteristics with the expression of ovine johne's disease (ojd) prompted this cross-sectional study. we enrolled 92 sheep flocks in australia during 2004-2005 and in each enrolled flock collected pooled faecal samples from an identified cohort (group of same age and sex) of sheep and soil samples from the paddocks grazed by this cohort of sheep. faecal pools were cultured to create three outcome variables: positive or negative status of faecal pools ( ... | 2009 | 19321215 |
| where are all the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in patients with crohn's disease? | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the intestines, johne's disease, in dairy cows and every other species of mammal in which it has been identified. map has been identified in the mucosal layer and deeper bowel wall in patients with crohn's disease by methods other than light microscopy, and by direct visualization in small numbers by light microscopy. map has not been accepted as the cause of crohn's disease in part because it ha ... | 2009 | 19325887 |
| seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on 114 cattle farms in south west england. | between december 2002 and april 2006, 114 cattle farms in the south west of england were visited at least once, with 100 farms visited three times. a total of 29,782 serum samples were collected from 15,736 individually identified cattle. the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the mean seroprevalence in herds sampled three times was 7.1%; 10.1% of cattle had at leas ... | 2009 | 19327856 |
| effect of subcutaneous administration of a killed mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis vaccine on colonization of tissues following oral exposure to the organism in calves. | objective-to evaluate the effect of vaccination of calves with a killed mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) vaccine on colonization of tissues following oral map exposure. animals-12 healthy holstein calves. procedures-at 14 days after birth, calves received the map vaccine (1.0 ml, sc) or saline (0.9% nacl) solution (1.0 ml, sc [control treatment]). each calf received 1.2 x 10(9) cfus of live map orally 21 and 22 days after vaccination. prior to vaccination and at subsequent interv ... | 2009 | 19335105 |
| comparison of milk culture, direct and nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with fecal culture based on samples from dairy herds infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of johne's disease in cattle and other farm ruminants, and is also a suspected pathogen of crohn's disease in humans. development of diagnostic methods for map infection has been a challenge over the last few decades. the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between different methods for detection of map in milk and fecal samples. a total of 134 milk samples and 110 feces samples were collected from 1 ... | 2009 | 19337397 |
| expression of nramp1 and inos in mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis naturally infected cattle. | paratuberculosis (ptb) is a chronic disease caused by m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) that affects several animal species, and some studies have suggested that there may be a relationship between crohn's disease and ptb. significant aspects of ptb pathogenesis are not yet completely understood, such as the role of macrophages. natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (nramp1) and the inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) molecules have shown nonspecific effects against several ... | 2010 | 19345998 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cow bulk tank milk in cyprus detected by culture and quantitative is900 and f57 real-time pcr. | the possibility that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) plays some role in the development of crohn's disease in humans is attracting attention to milk and milk products originating from infected animals. in this study, we focused on the detection of map in 220 bulk tank milk (btm) samples from all dairy cattle herds in cyprus. in total, 63 (28.6%) btm milk samples were found to be positive for map using quantitative real-time pcr assays for is900 and f57. the presence of map in b ... | 2009 | 19349086 |
| searching for proteins of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with diagnostic potential by comparative qualitative proteomic analysis of mycobacterial tuberculins. | accurate immunodiagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis is among others hampered by the lack of specific antigens. one of the most frequently used antigen preparations is purified protein derivative (ppd), also known as tuberculin. this crude extract has limitations when used in diagnostic assays due to the presence of cross-reactive antigens. the aim of the current study was to systematically analyze the qualitative protein composition of ppd of the major mycobacterial pathogens. one-dimensional ge ... | 2009 | 19349126 |
| prevalence of michigan dairy herds infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis as determined by environmental sampling. | a cross-sectional, stratified random survey of michigan dairy herds was conducted to estimate the prevalence of herds infected with mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map), the causative agent of johne's disease, in michigan using targeted environmental sampling. one pooled sample each from the primary manure storage area and a high-traffic common cow area from each herd was collected and cultured for map using the esp culture system ii. a herd was classified as positive if at least one sampl ... | 2009 | 19359059 |
| directed evolution of a quorum-quenching lactonase from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis k-10 in the amidohydrolase superfamily. | the pll(pte-like lactonase)-group of enzymes within the amidohydrolase superfamily hydrolyze n-acyl-homoserine lactones (ahls) that are involved in bacterial quorum-sensing pathways. these enzymes possess the (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel fold and serve as attractive templates for in vitro evolution and engineering of quorum-quenching biological molecules that can serve as antivirulence therapeutic agents. using a quorum-quenching lactonase from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis k-10 (gi: 414 ... | 2009 | 19374350 |
| adhesion molecules and cytokine profile in ileal tissue of sheep infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | sheep develop clinical diseases after 3-5 years after infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). clinical symptoms of paratuberculosis include persistent diarrhea and weight loss due to a chronic inflammation of the small intestine. tissue alterations in the areas of the ileo-cecal junction are often observed. here, we investigate the molecular processes underlying tissue damages in intestinal mucosa of 14 sheep showing either tuberculoid or lepromatous form of map enterit ... | 2009 | 19376260 |
| a bovine macrophage screening system for identifying attenuated transposon mutants of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with vaccine potential. | johne's disease is a chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the disease is responsible for considerable economic losses in the livestock industry and in particular within the dairy sector. a more effective vaccine against johne's disease would be of major benefit. in this study, we developed an efficient procedure for identifying mutants of map with reduced virulence that are potential live vaccine candidates against johne's dise ... | 2009 | 19386227 |