Publications

[pregnancy and the status of the fetus and newborn infant of women with a positive complement fixation test with listeria monocytogenes antigen].		1986	2945480
[external lumbar drainage in listeria monocytogenes meningitis].		1986	2950425
the immunoregulatory role of the macrophage.		1987	2951389
in vitro activity of a-56268 (te-031), a new macrolide, compared with that of erythromycin and clindamycin against selected gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.	the in vitro activity of a-56268 was determined and compared with that of erythromycin and clindamycin against a limited spectrum of 401 gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. a-56268 was quite active against erythromycin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, neisseria gonorrhoeae, listeria monocytogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, and group b streptococci and was moderately active against campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus. a-56268 was consistently bactericidal only for s. ...	1987	2952063
suppression of immune response in the b6c3f1 mouse after dietary exposure to the fusarium mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and zearalenone.	the effect that dietary exposure to the naturally-occurring fusarium graminearum toxins deoxynivalenol (don) and zearalenone (zea) may have on immune function was assessed in the b6c3f1 mouse. dietary don depressed the plaque-forming response to sheep red blood cells, the delayed hypersensitivity response to keyhole limpet haemocyanin and the ability to resist listeria monocytogenes. listerial resistance was similarly decreased in control mice fed restricted diets comparable to the dietary restr ...	1987	2953660
comparative in vitro activity of a-56268 (te-031) against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and chlamydia trachomatis.	the in vitro activity of a-56268 (te-031) was determined and compared with that of 13 antibiotics against 401 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and 11 strains of chlamydia trachomatis. a-56268 was very active against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and neisseria gonorrhoeae, and was among the most active of the agents tested against listeria monocytogenes, streptococci and chlamydia trachomatis. it was moderately active against haemophilus spp., vibrio spp., campylobacter je ...	1987	2954818
regression analysis, proposed interpretative zone size standards, and quality control guidelines for a new macrolide antimicrobial agent, a-56268 (te-031).	a-56268 is a 6-o-methyl derivative of erythromycin a which has a spectrum of activity similar to that of erythromycin and is 1 log2 dilution more potent than erythromycin against most organisms that have been tested. the correlation of zone size diameters and mics of a-56268 for 461 strains of bacteria isolated from clinical specimens was investigated. based on anticipated levels in human serum of 2 micrograms/ml, 15-microgram disks have been recommended with zone size standards of greater than ...	1987	2954995
bactericidal activity and killing rate of serum in volunteers receiving vancomycin or teicoplanin with and without amikacin given intravenously.	we have studied the interaction between vancomycin or teicoplanin and amikacin in two groups of five volunteers randomized to receive either (a) vacomycin, amikacin, vancomycin+amikacin, or (b) teicoplanin, amikacin, teicoplanin+amikacin. each administration was given on separate days, in random order with a 48 hours washout period between each infusion. the serum concentrations measured microbiologically at time 0, 1 and 6 h were: 42.6, 11.4 and 4.1 mg/l respectively for teicoplanin; 27.6, 13.9 ...	1987	2956228
immunological studies on mice exposed subacutely to methyl isocyanate.	the immunotoxicity of methyl isocyanate (mic) was evaluated in female b6c3f1 mice exposed via inhalation to 0, 1, or 3 ppm for 6 hr per day on 4 consecutive days. the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes and natural killer cell activity were found to be unaffected by mic exposure. although lymphoproliferative responses to mitogens were moderately suppressed by mic, the differences were not statistically significant. the response of splenic lymphocytes to allogeneic leukocytes in a mixed leuko ...	1987	2957195
divergent changes in antimicrobial activity after immunologic activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages.	to find out whether activated macrophages display a nonspecific enhancement of antibacterial activity, we determined the intracellular killing of bacteria by peritoneal macrophages from cba and c57bl/10 mice infected with bcg and challenged with mycobacterial antigens (purified protein derivative (ppd]. after in vivo phagocytosis, the rate of in vitro intracellular killing of listeria monocytogenes by bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg)-ppd-activated macrophages from cba mice increased by a factor of ...	1987	2957432
inability of recombinant interferon-gamma to activate the antibacterial activity of mouse peritoneal macrophages against listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium.	the effect of recombinant murine interferon-gamma (rifn-gamma) as single stimulus for the activation of antibacterial activity of macrophages was investigated on the basis of the rate of intracellular killing of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium by normal and rifn gamma-activated peritoneal macrophages of cba and c57bl/10 mice, which differ in natural resistance to infection by these bacteria. eighteen hours after i.p. injection of 10 to 1 x 10(4) u rifn-gamma, resident and exuda ...	1987	2957433
possible role of helper and cytolytic t lymphocytes in antibacterial defense: conclusions based on a murine model of listeriosis.	murine t cell clones with specificity for the intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes were used in an attempt to analyze the relative roles of helper and cytolytic t lymphocytes in antibacterial immunity. after stimulation by antigen and accessory cells, l. monocytogenes-specific, l3t4+, class ii-restricted t cells produced multiple lymphokines, including interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). cloned t cells could help b lymphocytes differentiate into antibody-secreting cells and ...	1987	2961041
synergistic effects of adjuvants, endotoxin, and fasting on induction of diabetes with multiple low doses of streptozocin in rats.	three weekly intraperitoneal injections of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) and, 1 day later, low-dose streptozocin (stz; 25 mg/kg i.p.) have been reported to cause immune destruction of beta-cells and a gradual onset of diabetes mellitus. in this study, male lewis rats were injected intraperitoneally with cfa and 1 day later with low-dose stz; these were repeated at weekly intervals for 3 wk. the incidence of diabetes mellitus (nonfasted plasma glucose greater than 200 mg/dl) in wk 1, 2, 3, and ...	1988	2961641
[listeria rhombencephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes with a cerebrospinal fluid initially normal].	a case of rhombencephalitis due to listeria monocytogenes in a non immunocompromised patient, with initially normal cerebrospinal fluid, was marked by potentially fatal neurovegetative disorders and severe neurological sequelae partly due to delay in diagnosis and treatment. the possibility of listeria infection should be considered in patients with fever and cranial nerves deficits, in order to initiate an appropriate antibiotic therapy and to keep the subject under close monitoring in an inten ...	1988	2967955
therapeutic activity of teicoplanin on experimental listeriosis compared with that of vancomycin and ampicillin.	several strains of listeria monocytogenes and other listeria spp. are without exception susceptible to teicoplanin (mic 0.25 mg/l). vancomycin as well as ampicillin are likewise active. a bactericidal effect of teicoplanin was only achieved at rather high concentrations and after incubation of several hours. there is no synergistic effect between teicoplanin and gentamicin. the therapeutic activity of teicoplanin as well as vancomycin in mice infected with l. monocytogenes is low. the efficacy o ...	1988	2969166
t-cell subsets in delayed-type hypersensitivity, protection, and granuloma formation in primary and secondary listeria infection in mice: superior role of lyt-2+ cells in acquired immunity.	immunity to listeria monocytogenes was studied in mice treated with rat monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the thy-1.2, l3t4, and lyt-2 t-cell markers. three characteristic t-cell-mediated phenomena were investigated. delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to listerial antigen was totally abolished in mice treated with anti-thy-1.2 or anti-l3t4 mabs, whereas anti-lyt-2 mab treatment had no effect, regardless of whether the mab was given during the induction or the expression of dth. on the o ...	1988	2969373
[significance of listeria monocytogenes in foods].		1988	2969489
properties of isolated red pulp macrophages from mouse spleen.	dense monolayers of large, adherent macrophages were prepared from the red pulp of mouse spleen. these sinus-lining phagocytes resembled liver kupffer cells in morphology, as well as expression of f4/80 and class ii mhc antigens and receptors for igg. c3-coated red cells attached at low levels to spleen macrophages, but attachment and endocytosis were enhanced on fibronectin-coated surfaces. the ionophore a23187 induced spleen macrophages to synthesize prostaglandin e2, but like kupffer cells, s ...	1988	2971759
which t cells are relevant to resistance against listeria monocytogenes infection?		1988	2974235
[contamination of cheese with listeria monocytogenes].		1988	2975368
an in-vitro evaluation of the cellular uptake and intraphagocytic bioactivity of clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031), a new macrolide antimicrobial agent.	erythromycin base and its 6-0-methyl derivative clarithromycin were actively accumulated 7.3 +/- 1.2-fold and 9.2 +/- 2-fold respectively by human neutrophils in vitro. the intraphagocytic bioactivities of the antimicrobial agents were investigated using the combination of a radioassay, colony counting method and a fluorescence microassay which facilitates the distinction between intracellular bacteriostatic and bactericidal mechanisms. staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes and legionell ...	1988	2977384
generation of oxygen species and virulence of listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes strains differing in virulence were examined for production of oxygen species. virulent strains a4413 and jh-h exhibited maximal generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, whereas the avirulent strain 9037-7r was least active. the virulence was confirmed by the in vitro assessment of the intracellular fate of the microorganisms in resident macrophages.	1985	2982741
listeria monocytogenes sepsis and small cell carcinoma of the rectum: an unusual presentation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a 26-year-old male homosexual initially presented with listeria monocytogenes sepsis and a small cell carcinoma of the rectum. his subsequent course included esophageal candidiasis, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and severe t-lymphocyte abnormalities on immunologic testing, consistent with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). this represents the first case of aids associated with this unusual tumor and listeria infection.	1985	2983527
[isolation of unbalanced growth forms from listeria and their ultrastructure].	as the result of the action of penicillin, licl and uv irradiation on listeria culture in the logarithmic phase, unbalanced growth forms (ugf) were obtained. their viability was determined by the number of colony-forming units per ml. in this investigation the action of the above factors in a single cultivation and in consecutive subcultures was studied. viable ugf were obtained under the action of all the above factors. ugf obtained under the action of penicillin were found to convert easily in ...	1985	2986393
opsonic receptor function is reduced on the surface of newborn alveolar macrophages.	neonates have an increased susceptibility to infections. because optimal phagocytosis of offending organisms by alveolar macrophages (am) requires recognition and attachment of opsonized organisms to the am cell membrane, the expression of opsonic receptors on the surface of newborn and adult rat am was investigated using immunologic techniques, cell culture, and flow cytometry. we investigated the expression of fc, c3b, fibronectin, and lectin receptors on newborn (1 to 5 wk) am and compared th ...	1986	3004272
transposon mutagenesis as a tool to study the role of hemolysin in the virulence of listeria monocytogenes.	the role of hemolysin in the virulence of listeria monocytogenes was studied by using transposon mutagenesis. the 26-kilobase conjugative transposon tn1545, originally found in streptococcus pneumoniae, was transferred to a hemolytic virulent strain of l. monocytogenes. the frequency of transfer was estimated to be about 10(-8) per recipient. this allowed us to isolate a nonhemolytic mutant which most likely harbors a single copy of tn1545. loss of hemolysin production was associated with loss o ...	1986	3007363
enhanced resistance against listeria monocytogenes at an early phase of primary infection in pregnant mice: activation of macrophages during pregnancy.	we investigated the pregnancy-induced changes in macrophage activity which are important in the expression of host defense against infections. several macrophage functions were examined by using listeria monocytogenes. in pregnant mice, prolonged survival and enhanced in vivo elimination of bacteria were observed in the early phase of primary infection. functions of peritoneal macrophages, including in vitro phagocytosis intracellular killing, glucose consumption, generation of superoxide anion, ...	1986	3011673
induction by immunomodulatory agents of a macrophage antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody 158.2 and correlation with macrophage function.	ma158.2, a rat monoclonal antibody with binding specificity for cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, reacts with an antigen (158.2) whose expression is enhanced on mononuclear cells activated to the tumoricidal phenotype by treatment with lymphokine supernatant containing macrophage activating factor (maf). the functional relevance of enhanced expression of this antigen has been examined in mouse peritoneal macrophages treated with a variety of immunomodulatory agents and assayed for augmen ...	1985	3013425
depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice with hypothalamic lesion induced by monosodium glutamate: involvement of neuroendocrine system in immunomodulation.	delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) was depressed in mice that had been treated with monosodium glutamate (msg) in their suckling period. analysis of the dth depression by use of the macrophage migration inhibition assay showed dysfunction of dth effector t cells. the neuronal loss of nuclei in the hypothalamus, which elaborates the corticotropin-releasing factor and the hypersecretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone, was observed in the msg-treated mice. therefore, dth response may be modulated ...	1986	3015779
the role of superoxide anion and lysosomal enzymes in anti-listerial activity of elicited peritoneal macrophages.	the in vitro effect of superoxide anion and lysosomal enzyme activity on the killing of listeria monocytogenes egd (listeria) by peritoneal macrophages (pm) was investigated. generation of superoxide anion by pm stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (pma) was significantly increased by intraperitoneal injection of lactobacillus casei yit 9018 (lc9018) or corynebacterium parvum (cp), but not by injection of peptone. however, superoxide anion generation by lc9018-elicited pm stimulated with li ...	1986	3020680
relation of cytosolic calcium to the microbicidal activation of blood monocytes by recombinant gamma interferon.	oxygen metabolism and calcium ion (ca++) handling in blood monocytes were greatly affected by treatment with recombinant gamma interferon (rifn-gamma). incubating the monocytes with rifn-gamma resulted in increased basal production of superoxide anion, as well as a significantly enhanced respiratory burst in response to concanavalin a (con a). a concomitant increase in microbicidal activity against listeria monocytogenes was observed, and cell membrane permeability to ca++ was enhanced by treatm ...	1986	3021865
in vitro and in vivo activity of ly 146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic.	the in vitro activity of ly 146032, a cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic belonging to the class of agents designated a21978c, was compared with those of vancomycin, cefpirome, cefotaxime, and clindamycin against selected gram-positive bacteria. the new drug inhibited all staphylococcal isolates, including methicillin-resistant strains, at concentrations of less than or equal to 1.0 microgram/ml. the activity of ly 146032 was comparable to that of vancomycin against most streptococci, but the latter d ...	1986	3024560
improved listeria monocytogenes selective agar.	by increasing the licl concentration to 5 g/liter and adding 20 mg of moxalactam per liter to modified mcbride agar base, it was possible to inhibit the growth of many bacteria which interfered with the recovery of listeria monocytogenes from beef.	1986	3024563
silica decreases phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of both macrophages and neutrophils in vitro.	silica, or silicon dioxide, has been shown to be toxic for macrophages. this is probably because it damages phagolysosomal membranes, allowing lysosomal enzymes to disrupt the cell. neutrophils also take up particles such as silica and in addition they contain lysosomes. the purpose of this study was to determine whether incubation in vitro with silica inhibits function not only of mouse macrophages, but also of mouse neutrophils. the data show that incubation with silica for 1-3 hr decreases vi ...	1986	3026960
transposable multiple antibiotic resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae.	a mobile genetic element, designated tn1545, was detected in the chromosome of streptococcus pneumoniae bm4200, a clinical isolate multiply resistant to antibiotics. the 25.3 kb element conferred resistance to kanamycin and structurally related aminoglycosides by synthesis of a 3'-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase type iii (apha-3), to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b-type antibiotics (ermam), and to tetracycline (tetm). tn1545 was self-transferable to a recombination deficient s. faecalis ...	1986	3027505
protective effect of nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton on experimental infection in normal and immunosuppressed mice.	the protective effect of nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (n-cws) on experimental infections was investigated in normal and immunosuppressed mice. pretreatment with n-cws provided protection against acute systemic infections due to pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens and listeria monocytogenes in normal mice. n-cws administered before or after challenge also showed protective activity against herpes simplex virus infection in normal mice. n-cws w ...	1986	3028434
tn916-induced mutations in the hemolysin determinant affecting virulence of listeria monocytogenes.	a genetic determinant essential for hemolysin production by listeria monocytogenes has been inactivated by insertion of transposon tn916 into l. monocytogenes dna. the transposon was transferred by means of conjugation of a streptomycin-resistant l. monocytogenes recipient strain with streptococcus faecalis cg110 on membrane filters. among the tetracycline-resistant transconjugants, mutants were detected which had lost hemolytic activity. when tested in a mouse model, these mutants appeared to h ...	1987	3029033
comparative in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin), a new lipopeptide antimicrobial.	the in vitro activity of ly146032, a new cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic, was compared with those of vancomycin, teicoplanin, and either oxacillin or ampicillin by determining agar dilution mic values for 304 clinical gram-positive isolates. ly146032 had superior in vitro activity against oxacillin-resistant staphylococci when compared to vancomycin or teicoplanin. against oxacillin-sensitive staphylococci, group jk-diphtheroids, streptococci, listeria monocytogenes and clostridium difficile, ly14 ...	1987	3032607
in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin), a new peptolide.	the in vitro activity of ly146032, a new peptolide antibiotic, was compared with those of vancomycin, teicoplanin, imipenem, amoxicillin and erythromycin. ly146032 inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, including methicillin-resistant isolates at less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml. its activity was comparable to those of vancomycin and teicoplanin. mic90s for the beta-hemolytic streptococci varied from 0.25 microgram/ml for group b streptococci to 4 micrograms/m ...	1987	3032611
in vitro activity of ly146032 (daptomycin) against selected aerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activity of the new lipopeptide antibiotic ly146032 was generally four-fold greater (mic 90 less than or equal to 0.5 microgram/ml) than that of vancomycin against methicillin-susceptible or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative species of staphylococcus. enterococci, streptococcus bovis, group b and viridans streptococci, and corynebacterium group j-k isolates were inhibited by less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml of ly146032, which represented activit ...	1987	3032612
antibiotic susceptibilities of listeria: in vitro studies.	although listeria is a rather susceptible bacterium, most antibiotics exert a bacteriostatic effect on listeria monocytogenes. except for fosfomycin, antibiotic susceptibilities are similar among the species of the genus listeria. in vitro, bactericidal effect is often achieved by the use of antibiotic combinations. the most commonly used combinations are ampicillin with aminoglycosides. up until now, there has been no trend towards reduced susceptibility of listeria to antibiotics.	1988	3047066
listeria monocytogenes infections--therapeutic possibilities and problems.	listeriosis in humans is a rare disease, which, however, is known to be epidemic and endemic. the prognosis has remained unsatisfactory up to today, the fatality being at least 10% and often considerably higher depending on the clinical features of the disease and the patient's age. three population groups are at risk: pregnant women, fetuses and newborn infants. furthermore, immunosuppression in older patients due to disease, therapy, or age also plays a role. the incidence of listeria infectio ...	1988	3047067
infection of the central nervous system in organ transplant recipients.	infections of the central nervous system are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in recipients of organ transplants. three organisms--listeria monocytogenes, aspergillus fumigatus, and cryptococcus neoformans--account for the great majority of such infections. the incidence of these infections is directly related to the patient's net state of immunosuppression and to the epidemiologic exposures he encounters. there is an expected timetable of when particular infections are likely to oc ...	1988	3047541
[rhombencephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes].		1988	3050309
listeria monocytogenes endocarditis: a review of the literature 1950-1986.	34 cases of listeria monocytogenes endocarditis reported in the literature from 1950-1986 were reviewed. the male to female ratio was 2: 1. the average age was 49 years, and 35% of patients were 60 years of age or older. a single case of polymicrobial endocarditis was identified. there were 8 cases of prosthetic valve endocarditis. left-sided cardiac involvement predominated, with only a single case of right-sided endocarditis reported. aortic and mitral valvular involvement accounted for 32 and ...	1988	3057615
immunomodulation and chlamydia: immunosuppression and the protective immune response to c. psittaci in mice.	mice immunized intramuscularly with a low dose, viable inoculum of c. psittaci survived an otherwise lethal intraperitoneal challenge with the homologous chlamydial strain. immunized animals were not protected from intraperitoneal challenge by the unrelated pathogen, listeria monocytogenes. spleen cells from animals that exhibited protective immunity were suppressed in their proliferative responses to mitogens or chlamydial antigen in an in vitro blastogenic assay. this suppression was transfera ...	1988	3059773
pathogenic bacteria in milk--a review.	pathogenic bacteria are transmissible to humans through milk and milk products. recently, attention is focused on milk, cheese, and ice cream contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, viz., listeria monocytogenes, yersinia enterocolitica, campylobacter jejuni, and enteropathogenic escherichia coli. this review presents information on characteristics of these pathogens and illnesses caused by them.	1988	3060492
increased prostaglandin e release and tumor cytostasis by resident kupffer cells during listeria monocytogenes infection.	liver macrophages isolated from listeria monocytogenes-infected mice were studied for their functional capacities in vitro. spontaneous release of prostaglandin e and tumor cytostatic activity by liver macrophages of infected mice were markedly enhanced when compared to controls. irradiated mice showing no increase in the number of their liver macrophages after listeria monocytogenes infection, in contrast to solely infected mice, nevertheless demonstrated comparable activities. our data suggest ...	1988	3068121
phagocytosis and killing of listeria by guinea pig macrophages and neutrophils.	the rate of the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of listeria monocytogenes by guinea pig macrophages and neutrophils in vitro was determined. the anti-bacterial activity of the phagocytes against virulent listeria monocytogenes was compared with their activity against avirulent strain of listeria and proteus mirabilis. it is suggested that the contribution of the macrophages and the neutrophils to anti-bacterial protection can depend on physiological state of bacteria.	1988	3071297
[listeria monocytogenes endocarditis on a hancock bioprosthesis].		1988	3073443
[listeria infections of the face--report of a case seen during the 1986 listeria monocytogenes epidemic in upper austria].		1988	3076733
listeria brain abscess associated with steroid therapy: successful non-surgical treatment.	a patient is reported who developed a brain abscess due to listeria monocytogenes while on long-term steroid therapy and who was successfully treated medically without surgical intervention. the literature on listeria brain abscess is reviewed, and the importance of early recognition of this infection in any immunocompromised patient who develops focal cerebral dysfunction is emphasised.	1987	3077339
outbreaks of listeriosis/listeria-contaminated foods.	outbreaks of food-borne listeriosis in recent years have caused governmental regulatory and health agencies and the food industry to focus on the problem of food contamination by listeria monocytogenes. a review is presented of the association of l. monocytogenes with human illness and its occurrence in foods and the environment.	1988	3079177
production of listeriolysin by beta-hemolytic strains of listeria monocytogenes.	listeriolysin was isolated from target rabbit erythrocyte membranes after lysis of the cells with partially purified toxin derived from a culture supernatant of listeria ivanovii. the membrane form of the toxin exhibited properties similar to those previously found for streptolysin o. detergent-solubilized, delipidated listeriolysin was found to comprise a heterogeneous population of partially and fully circularized, amphiphilic oligomers whose embedment within the lipid bilayer generated large ...	1986	3079734
differences in initial rate of intracellular killing of salmonella typhimurium by granulocytes of salmonella-susceptible c57bl/10 mice and salmonella-resistant cba mice.	the contribution of granulocytes to differences in the innate susceptibility of mouse strains to infection by salmonella typhimurium was assessed on the basis of the size and composition of the inflammatory exudate after i.p. injection of bacteria and the intracellular killing of the bacteria by exudate peritoneal cells and blood granulocytes of resistant cba and susceptible c57bl/10 mice. the increase in the numbers of both peritoneal granulocytes and macrophages 24 hr after i.p. injection of v ...	1986	3079795
[listeria sepsis in aids].		1986	3081316
isolation of listeria monocytogenes from an eastern wild turkey.		1986	3081738
[acute purulent listeria seelingeri meningitis in an immunocompetent adult].	within the genus listeria, the species l. monocytogenes most frequently causes disease in animals and humans. l. seeligeri, a species recently described, has been considered experimentally nonpathogenic so far. the authors report the first case of human infection in a previously healthy adult presenting with acute purulent meningitis due to l. seeligeri. the patient recovered promptly after a course of ampicillin and gentamicin, but developed severe neurological sequelae (epilepsy, hydrocephalus ...	1986	3082004
isolation of listeria monocytogenes from raw milk.	during a recent outbreak of listeriosis, we examined 121 raw milk samples and 14 milk socks (filters). listeria monocytogenes was recovered from 15 (12%) of 121 milk specimens and 2 (14%) of 14 milk socks. the optimal processing method consisted of cold enriching diluted milk for 1 month with culture to selective broth, followed by plating.	1986	3082282
monoclonal antibody analysis of listeria monocytogenes-induced cytotoxic lymphocytes.	an immunizing infection with listeria monocytogenes provides a potent stimulus for the formation of prekiller lymphocytes. their cytolytic potential is revealed when the cells are restimulated in vitro by listeria antigens. listeria monocytogenes-induced cytotoxic lymphocytes and the prekiller cells from which they are derived were characterized in respect to their surface antigenic markers. using monoclonal antibodies, b-cell depleted lymphocytes from the thoracic duct of listeria immune rats w ...	1986	3082747
enhancement of hematopoietic response of mice by subcutaneous administration of lactobacillus casei.	mice that had received heat-killed lactobacillus casei (lc 9018) subcutaneously (s.c.) showed enhanced resistance to systemic (i.e., intravenous) infection with listeria monocytogenes, but the antilisterial resistance of mice was less augmented by s.c. administration of propionibacterium acnes ("corynebacterium parvum"). though there was little change in the total number of splenic leukocytes after s.c. administration of lc 9018, the monocyte-macrophage ratio increased after treatment, reaching ...	1986	3082755
enhanced resistance to listeriosis induced in mice by preinoculation treatment with t-2 mycotoxin.	the effect of t-2 toxin on cell-mediated resistance to bacterial infection was evaluated in mice challenge exposed with listeria monocytogenes. mice were treated orally on days -5, -4, -3, -2, -1, +1, and +3 with 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, or 0 mg of t-2 toxin/kg of body weight and were exposed to 10(6) (ld100) or 10(5) (ld50) l monocytogenes by intraperitoneal injection on day 0. necrosis and depletion of lymphocytes in the thymus and spleen, decrease in thymus weight, reductions in the number of circulati ...	1986	3083736
[listeria monocytogenes in pasteurized milk].	an haemolytic listeria monocytogenes strain pathogenic to mice was isolated from 6 out of 28 (21.4%) pasteurized milk samples (3.2% fat milk treated at 78 degrees c for 15 s) marketed by a madrid processing plant. listeria grayi was recovered from 25 of the samples (89.2%) and l. innocua from 3 samples (10.7%). one milk sample was contaminated with l. welshimeri. no strains of l. ivanovii, l. seeligeri, l. murrayi, or l. denitrificans were isolated. these results show that pathogenic listeria st ...	1986	3084052
isolation and characterization of protective t cells induced by listeria monocytogenes.	rats convalescing from a recent infection with listeria monocytogenes generate t cells which can protect recipient rats against a challenge infection with that organism. using monoclonal antibodies that react with some but not all rat peripheral t cells, the t-cell mediators of acquired resistance to infection (tcri) were isolated by panning and characterized by using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. many l. monocytogenes-immune tcri were relatively large cells as judged by their light-scat ...	1986	3084382
opsonization of listeria monocytogenes type 4b by human adult and newborn sera.	we studied the requirements for opsonization of listeria monocytogenes type 4b with chemiluminescence and bactericidal assays and electron microscopy. preopsonization with 3% adult serum had good opsonic activity (27,300 +/- 11,000 [standard deviation] counts, chemiluminescence assay), while 3% newborn cord serum was not opsonically active (820 +/- 530 counts, p less than 0.001 versus adult serum). in addition, organisms opsonized with cord serum were not killed (0% bacterial killing) and were l ...	1986	3084384
structural studies on teichoic acids in cell walls of several serotypes of listeria monocytogenes.	structural studies were carried out on the teichoic acids in cell walls of listeria monocytogenes serotypes 3a, 4b, 4f, 6, and 7. the structure of the dephosphorylated repeating units, obtained by treatment with 46% hydrogen fluoride or alkaline hydrolysis, was examined by methylation analysis, acetolysis, and 1h-nmr spectroscopy. the results of smith degradation of the teichoic acids and 13c-nmr spectroscopy led to the following most likely structures of the repeating units of the teichoic acid ...	1986	3084460
isolation of corynebacterium aquaticum from spinal fluid of an infant with meningitis.	a 4-week-old female was hospitalized because of vomiting, irritability, and nuchal rigidity. a spinal fluid culture yielded corynebacterium aquaticum. the diagnosis of c. aquaticum meningitis in this infant was supported by the following cerebrospinal fluid findings: gram stain, elevated protein, hypoglycorrhachia, positive c-reactive protein, and polymorphonuclear leukocytosis. antigen studies for common bacterial causes of meningitis were negative. c. aquaticum is a rare cause of human disease ...	1986	3084551
augmented induction of interferons during listeria monocytogenes infection.	mice infected iv with an immunizing dose of the gram-positive bacterium, listeria monocytogenes, produced circulating interferon (ifn) during the inductive phase of the immune response to listeria. listeria infection also dramatically altered the host's responsiveness to ifn-inducing agents. within 24 hr of infection, mice acquired a 50-fold greater than normal capacity to produce the ifn alpha and/or ifn beta classes (ifn alpha/beta) following iv injection of endotoxin. serum levels of ifn alph ...	1986	3084667
isolation of l monocytogenes from ovine brain.		1986	3085320
rapid quantitative assessment of the distribution of listeria in silage implicated in a suspected outbreak of listeriosis in calves.	a silage clamp was sampled for the presence of listeria species. even though covered by a heavy duty black plastic sheet the top few centimetres of silage were heavily contaminated with listeria species. in the areas nearest the edges of the sheet the pathogenic species listeria monocytogenes was found in numbers in excess of 12,000 organisms/g silage. using the methods of isolation described, pathogenic species of listeria could be differentiated from non-pathogenic species in three to four day ...	1986	3085322
[bacteriophages and bacteriocins of the genus listeria].	since the discovery of the first listeria bacteriophage by schultz in 1945, more than 219 phages were isolated for l. monocytogenes, l. invanovii, l. innocua, l. seeligeri and l. welshimeri. to date, no phage for l. murrayi and l. grayi is described in the literature. unless two phages found by jasińska in a water sample, all the other phages, when the origin is mentioned, were isolated from lysogenic strains, with or without induction. electron microscopic examination of 55 listeria phages reve ...	1986	3085381
[bacterial septicemia: an unrecognized complication of hemochromatosis. study of 3 cases and review of the literature].		1986	3085416
[pathogenicity of listeria].	20 different listeria strains which hitherto have been all classed with the same serovar 3 of l. monocytogenes because of common surface markers, differ markedly in respect to their pathogenic capacities. some strains are virulent, because they are able to multiply within a normal, adult mouse. others show only weak virulence, since they survive within the host for several days. multiplication, however, does not occur. still other strains are rapidly eliminated and thus avirulent. these characte ...	1986	3086212
macrophage ia expression in athymic nude versus neonatally thymectomized mice.	the requirement of the thymus for the production of ia-inducing lymphokine was studied in athymic nude, neonatally thymectomized (ntx), and sham-operated (sham) mice. the peritoneal macrophages from ntx mice immunized with viable listeria monocytogenes 14 days previously contained as high a proportion of ia-bearing macrophages as those from sham mice, while those from athymic nude mice contained only a small proportion. intraperitoneal injection of a culture supernatant derived from immune splee ...	1986	3086214
serum amyloid p-component-induced enhancement of macrophage listericidal activity.	purified serum amyloid p component (sap), the major acute-phase reactant of mice, augmented the in vitro listericidal activity of inflammatory (elicited) macrophages, bone marrow-derived monocytes, and macrophages from a subcutaneous site of inflammation. monocytes and macrophages from c57bl/b6 mice, which are relatively resistant to listeria monocytogenes, exhibited a significantly greater enhanced killing capacity for listeria than macrophages from listeria-susceptible a/j mice. sap did not al ...	1986	3086231
immunosuppression following 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene exposure in b6c3f1 mice--ii. altered cell-mediated immunity and tumor resistance.	we have previously demonstrated that the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba) produce a marked decrease in spleen weight, spleen and bone marrow cellularity and the number of igm plaque forming cells generated in response to a t-dependent antigen. exposure to dmba, but not b[a]p, increased susceptibility to challenge with pyb6 tumor cells and listeria monocytogenes suggesting that dmba produces immune impairment involving cell-mediated ...	1986	3086244
detection and enumeration of listeria monocytogenes in a sewage treatment plant in iraq.	listeria monocytogenes was isolated from a sewage treatment plant in baghdad, iraq, at all stages of treatment. the treatment processes did not yield a sewage sludge cake or a final discharge free of listerias. the agricultural practice of using such sewage products as fertilizers could become a route of spreading the organism in iraq, particularly by infecting animals that consume vegetation in fields spread with such sewage. dewatering of sewage reduced the number of l. monocytogenes but long ...	1986	3086271
in vivo and in vitro expression of macrophage membrane interleukin 1 in response to soluble and particulate stimuli.	we examined the expression of a membrane form of interleukin 1 (il 1) by macrophages. murine peritoneal macrophages fixed immediately after harvesting, in suspension, did not show membrane il 1. membrane il 1 was expressed after a 3-hr culture on plastic dishes. these findings allowed us to examine some conditions in vivo that may trigger the expression of this protein; that is, by fixing the macrophages in suspension we could determine if a given stimulus had an effect. we found that membrane i ...	1986	3086442
regulation of macrophage ia expression in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency: induction of ia expression by a t cell-independent mechanism.	we have studied the expression of ia molecules by macrophages from mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (cb-17 scid) that lack demonstrable t cell and b cell functions. cb-17 scid mice had approximately normal numbers of ia-bearing macrophages in the peritoneal cavity, spleen, and liver. peritoneal macrophages responded in culture to t cell-derived lymphokines with enhanced expression of ia molecules. however, unlike immunocompetent controls, scid mice could not enhance ia expression in an ...	1986	3086456
[a case of meningitis infected with listeria monocytogenes type 3b].		1986	3086601
impairment of t cell-mediated immunity to listeria monocytogenes in pregnant mice.	in order to study pregnancy-induced changes in cell-mediated immunity to listeria monocytogenes, acquired resistance and t cell functions in pregnant mice were compared with those in nonpregnant mice after immunization with viable listerial cells. impaired generation of acquired resistance was evident in pregnant mice from the impaired elimination of bacteria and poor survival after secondary challenge. delayed footpad reactivity to listerial antigen was also lower in the pregnant mice. when imm ...	1986	3086677
[air-borne microbes in the vicinity of sewage treatment plants].	measurements of air-borne germs were conducted over one year at several sewage treatment plants with different loads and sewage treatment methods. the investigations were intended to show possible air-borne loads in the sewage treatment plants and their immediate vicinity, taking into account different climatic conditions. the results lead to the conclusion that neighboring residential areas or factories in the vicinity of sewage treatment plants are not exposed to air-borne hazards.	1986	3087103
in vitro and in vivo studies of imipenem-cilastatin alone and in combination with gentamicin against listeria monocytogenes.	imipenem was evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo activities alone and in combination with gentamicin against a clinical isolate of listeria monocytogenes, and the results were compared with the activities of ampicillin with and without gentamicin. in vitro, the mbc of imipenem was fourfold less than that of ampicillin. checkerboard determinations of the mbcs exhibited a synergistic response for imipenem-gentamicin but an indifferent response for ampicillin-gentamicin. in vivo studies with exp ...	1986	3087277
comparative study of serum bactericidal activity of cefotaxime alone or in combination with tobramycin.	the objectives of this study were to investigate the bactericidal activity in serum of cefotaxime alone or in combination with tobramycin against clinical strains and to determine the influence of tobramycin on the pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime. the peak bactericidal activity in serum of cefotaxime alone against klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas cepacia, and listeria monocytogenes varied between 1:4 and 1:256. bactericidal activity could still be detec ...	1986	3087282
unusual clinical features of an epidemic of listeriosis associated with a particular phage type.		1986	3087749
effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on protein synthesis in murine peritoneal macrophages: relationship to activation for macrophage tumoricidal function.	early biochemical events in the response of murine peritoneal macrophages to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) have been examined (i.e., 0-4 hr after initiation of treatment). at concentrations of 10 ng/ml or less, lps stimulated the new or enhanced synthesis of a series of at least six polypeptides of 85, 80, 75, 65, 57, and 38 kd. this effect was dependent upon the lipid a moiety of lps as lipid a itself could induce the changes and the effect of lps could be blocked by inclusion of polymixin ...	1986	3087999
microplate technique to determine hemolytic activity for routine typing of listeria strains.	because the hemolysis produced by listeria monocytogenes and listeria seeligeri on blood agar is frequently difficult to interpret, we developed a microplate technique for the routine determination of hemolytic activity with erythrocyte suspensions. this microtechnique is a simple and reliable test for distinguishing clearly between hemolytic and nonhemolytic strains and could be used instead of the camp (christie-atkins-munch-petersen) test with staphylococcus aureus in the routine typing of li ...	1986	3088037
[a case of transient listeria monocytogenes bacteremia recovering without antimicrobial chemotherapy].		1986	3088179
listeria monocytogenes-reactive t lymphocyte clones with cytolytic activity against infected target cells.	lyt-2+ t cell clones were established from listeria monocytogenes-infected mice. the clones secreted ifn-gamma after stimulation with spleen cells from l. monocytogenes-infected mice plus il-2. spleen cells from normal mice were not stimulatory. furthermore, cloned t cells lysed l. monocytogenes-infected macrophages. cytolysis was antigen-specific and h-2k-restricted. these findings suggest a role for specific cytotoxic t cells in the immune response to intracellular bacteria.	1986	3088201
questionable role of mononuclear phagocytes in the elimination of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus from spleens of acutely infected mice.		1986	3088409
genetic control of macrophage responses.	a short review of current concepts concerning the origin and kinetics of monocytes and macrophages is given, and the humoral regulation of monocyte production by fim, a factor synthesized and secreted by macrophages, is discussed. genetic control of the responsiveness of monocyte precursors to fim and that of the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteria is dealt with.	1986	3089100
selective-enrichment procedure for isolation of listeria monocytogenes from fecal and biologic specimens.	a selective-enrichment procedure (sep) was developed to isolate listeria monocytogenes from fecal and biologic specimens. this procedure was compared with direct plating with mcbride listeria agar and 2-, 4-, and 8-week cold-enrichment procedures in recovering l. monocytogenes from mouse fecal, liver, and brain specimens. although the sep occasionally did not isolate the organism from specimens proved positive by the other procedures, the sep isolated l. monocytogenes from about two and five tim ...	1986	3089147
effect of temperature, sodium chloride, and ph on growth of listeria monocytogenes in cabbage juice.	human illness and death have resulted from the consumption of milk, cheese, and cole slaw contaminated with listeria monocytogenes. since the effects of temperature, nacl, and ph on the growth of the organism in cabbage were unknown, a series of experiments was designed to investigate these factors. two strains (lcdc 81-861 and scott a, both serotype 4b) were examined. at 30 degrees c, the viable population of the lcdc 81-861 strain increased in sterile unclarified cabbage juice (cj) containing ...	1986	3089158
listeria monocytogenes neonatal meningitis in the netherlands.	as part of a collaborative study of the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis, the bacteriological data and some clinical features concerning neonates with listeria monocytogenes meningitis were analysed for the period 1976-1982. in this group of 12 patients the case mortality rate was 17%. seventeen per cent of the children weighed less than 2500 g at birth. sixty-seven % of the cases occurred in the absence of any known risk factor. listeria monocytogenes type iv b was isolated in 75% of the ca ...	1986	3089798
evaluation of phagocytic function in mycobacterium lepraemurium infection.	infection of mice with mycobacterium lepraemurium caused significant functional alterations of the mononuclear phagocyte system. accelerated clearance of sheep red blood cells was consistently demonstrated throughout the infection and the infected mice showed progressive anaemia. infected mice showed an enhanced ability to limit growth of phagocytosed listeria monocytogenes in spleens during the early stages of infection, whereas moribund leprous mice lost this ability. autoradiography showed th ...	1986	3090112
the effect of coumermycin on experimental listeriosis.	the in vitro susceptibilities of listeria spp. to coumermycin and novobiocin were tested. coumermycin (0.015-0.12 mg/l) displayed lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than novobiocin (1-2 mg/l). there was only a narrow range of susceptibilities among 52 strains of listeria spp. bactericidal activity, however, could not be found. the in vivo activities of coumermycin were tested in mice. in normal adult mice infected with a virulent strain of l. monocytogenes the bacterial counts decreased rap ...	1986	3090152
effect of increase in macrophage ia expression on subsequent immune response in vivo.	by the use of a culture supernatant containing a lymphokine capable of inducing ia-rich peritoneal macrophages in vivo, we investigated the effect of increased macrophage ia expression on the induction of antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (srbc) in mice. peritoneal macrophages from mice injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with lymphokine 3 and 4 days earlier contained a high proportion of ia-bearing macrophages without any significant increase in their phagocytic activity for srbc. in lympho ...	1986	3090269
t-cell-independent macrophage activation in mice induced with rrna from listeria monocytogenes and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide.	purified rrna from listeria monocytogenes or pseudomonas aeruginosa injected in combination with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (dda), protects mice nonspecifically against a lethal challenge of various extra- and intracellular bacteria. in the present study vaccination of balb/c as well as c57bl/ka mice with listerial rna-dda resulted in activation of fixed-tissue macrophages, as measured by an enhanced in vivo l. monocytogenes killing in spleen and liver. evidence was found that macrophag ...	1986	3091505
[establishing recommendations for conducting serological tests for listeriosis in hospitalized women with pregnancy complications].		1986	3092471
alteration of phage- and biotypes of listeria strains.	ethyl-methyl-sulphonate mutants of listeria monocytogenes might be different from the parent strain in phage type and in splitting of lactose, maltose, melezitose, sucrose and trehalose. differences were observed in repeated control studies in phage type and carbohydrate-decomposition of 550 listeria strains isolated from a variety of sources (patients, healthy and dead animals). it has been concluded that certain carbohydrate tests are unsuitable for distinguishing biotypes of listeria. an impr ...	1986	3092557