Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [enterobacteria of bats (chiroptera) (author's transl)]. | the aerobic gram-negative faecal flora of 38 bats consisting of 10 species and genera respectively, of microchiroptera, and of 4 species and genera respectively, of megachiroptera was studied (table 1 and 3). there were no specific differences between insectivora and frugivora: e. coli 15-24%, citrobacter 8-10%, enterobacter-klebsiella-group 40-43% and proteus-group 28-30% (table 2). the overwhelming majority of the isolated bacteria were lactose-positive (table 3), corresponding to the membersh ... | 1980 | 7424248 |
| in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of sporaricin a, a new aminoglycoside. | the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of sporaricin a, a new aminoglycoside, was compared with that of amikacin, dibekacin, and gentamicin. sporaricin a showed a broad spectrum of activity against various gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including amikacin-, dibekacin-, or gentamicin-resistant strains. sporaricin a inhibited more than 90% of clinical isolates of staphylococci, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia, and proteus, except for p. morganii and p. inconstans, a ... | 1980 | 7425599 |
| agglutinins to bacteria in crohn's disease. | sera from patients with crohn's disease were tested for antibodies against organisms which are thought to cause inflammatory bowel disease in animals, or have been implicated in human crohn's disease. control sera were collected from healthy individuals and patients with ulcerative colitis. sera from crohn's disease and controls failed to agglutinate clostridium colinum or campylobacter sputorum subsp. mucosalis and two strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (m26 and m27). most of the sera ag ... | 1980 | 7429299 |
| a coagglutination method for presumptive identification of salmonella typhi. | salmonella group d, vi and d antisera were used to sensitize a-containing staphylococcal cells. the coagglutination (coag) reagents thus obtained, termed d-coag, vi-coag and d-coag were used to test growth taken from kligler iron agar slants following 8-10 hours incubation. in 188 recently isolated strains of s. typhi, the d antigen was detected in 134 (71%) by direct reaction with the d-coag reagent and 51 (27%) others following a simple treatment with 50% ethanol. group d antigen was detected ... | 1980 | 7434082 |
| nosocomial bacteriuria: a prospective study of case clustering and antimicrobial resistance. | to investigate the role of cross-infection in nonepidemic nosocomial bacteriuria in a large, university-affiliated hospital, we identified in adult patients admitted over an 11-week period all cases caused by organisms of the same genus, species, and antimicrobial susceptibility and clustered by date of onset and hospital ward. further laboratory studies were conducted to verify clustering. among the 3452 patients studied, 194 cases of nosocomial bacteriuria were identified; 49 appeared clustere ... | 1980 | 7436158 |
| neonatal intracranial abscess: two cases caused by citrobacter and a literature review. | intracranial abscesses are uncommon in the newborn. observation of 2 infants and a review of the literature reveal that the offending organism was a citrobacter in 12 of the 16 documented cases. in the neonatal meningitis cooperative study this organism was responsible for meningitis in only 4%. however, an analysis of all published cases of neonatal citrobacter meningitis reveals a 42% incidence of intracranial abscess. accordingly, early identification by computerized tomography is important i ... | 1980 | 7436370 |
| modification of early dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis by colonic mucosal hyperplasia. | the interaction of colonic mucosal hyperplasia with early 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (dmh) carcinogenesis was studied in random-bred nih swiss mice utilizing hyperplasia-inducing citrobacter freundii. mice inoculated with this bacterium developed significantly more dmh focal atypia than did mice without hyperplasia following a single dose of dmh (20 mg/kg). mice with hyperplasia also developed dmh focal atypia with diminished doses of dmh (10 and 5 mg/kg), while normal mice did not. the effect of c. ... | 1980 | 7438077 |
| effect of glucose on the biochemical properties of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. | the cytoplasmic membrane isolated from cells of citrobacter freundii growing in a cultivation medium with glucose was found to exhibit a decreased ability to oxidize formate and succinate and a decreased activity of formate, succinate and lactate dehydrogenase as compared with the cytoplasmic membrane of cells growing on galactose. the activation energy for dehydrogenation and oxidation of succinate simultaneously increases. the quantitative content of cytochromes and quinones in both types of m ... | 1980 | 7439843 |
| citrobacter meningitis (case report and review). | 1980 | 7461832 | |
| [citrobacter freundii osteomyelitis of the mandible: review of the literature and report of a case]. | 1980 | 7471661 | |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1989). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | susceptibilities of citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia spp. isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 10 hospitals during june 1989 to may 1990 to various antimicrobial agents were compared with those in the same period of previous years according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with indwelling catheter. as for c ... | 1995 | 7474335 |
| the 3'-terminal half of the btub gene of citrobacter freundii defines essential residues and supports a topological model for the outer membrane receptor. | 1995 | 7476175 | |
| [orbital cellulitis as a sequela of paranasal sinusitis]. | 1995 | 7477574 | |
| characterization of hafnia alvei by biochemical tests, random amplified polymorphic dna pcr, and partial sequencing of 16s rrna gene. | hafnia alvei strains which possess the attachment-effacement gene (eaea) may have clinical importance as new diarrhea-causing pathogens and should therefore be differentiated from other h. alvei strains. we characterized diarrheal h. alvei strains, which were positive in the pcr test for the eaea gene, using biochemical tests not routinely used for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, and compared them with eaea-negative strains isolated from different clinical and nonclin ... | 1995 | 7494030 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of rpoh genes encoding sigma 32 homologs from gram negative bacteria: conserved mrna and protein segments for heat shock regulation. | the rpoh genes encoding homologs of escherichia coli sigma 32 (heat shock sigma factor) were isolated and sequenced from five gram negative proteobacteria (gamma or alpha subgroup): enterobacter cloacae (gamma), serratia marcescens (gamma), proteus mirabilis (gamma), agrobacterium tumefaciens (alpha) and zymomonas mobilis (alpha). comparison of these and three known genes from e.coli (gamma), citrobacter freundii (gamma) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (gamma) revealed marked similarities that should ... | 1995 | 7501460 |
| the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of citrobacter o16 containing glycerol phosphate. | the o-specific polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid degradation of citrobacter o16 lipopolysaccharide, consists of d-glucose, d-galactose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactose, glycerol and phosphate in the ratios 2:2:2:1:1. selective cleavage of the polysaccharide was carried out by smith degradation, n-deacetylation-deamination and dephosphorylation with 48% hydrofluoric acid, which was accompanied by unexpected splitting of one of the glycosidic linkages. the structures of the oligosaccharides th ... | 1994 | 7508393 |
| piperacillin/tazobactam. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential. | combining tazobactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, with the ureidopenicillin, piperacillin, successfully restores the activity of piperacillin against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. tazobactam has inhibitory activity, and therefore protects piperacillin against richmond and sykes types ii, iii, iv and v beta-lactamases, staphylococcal penicillinase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. however, tazobactam has only species-specific activity against class i chromosomally-mediated enzymes. resi ... | 1994 | 7514977 |
| salmonella typhimurium enterotoxin epitopes shared among bacteria. | the deduced amino acid sequence of the cloned salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) was used to prepare anti-peptide antibodies. these antibodies were then employed to screen isolates of this enteric pathogen for the synthesis of protein enterotoxin (stn). cell lysates of all salmonella isolates tested displayed a prominent immunoblot band of approximately 29 kda, which was consistent with the size of the cloned stn gene product. among other gram-negative bacteria examined, isolates of klebsiella, e ... | 1994 | 7517375 |
| the structure of the citrobacter freundii o8a,8b o-specific polysaccharide containing d-xylofuranose. | 1994 | 7528641 | |
| development and evaluation of two novel oligonucleotide probes based on 16s rrna sequence for the identification of salmonella in foods. | dna sequence in the v3 to v6 region of the 16s rrna gene of salmonella enteritidis was determined. by comparison of this sequence with those of escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris obtained from genbank/embl database, three oligonucleotides termed as 16s i, 16s ii and 16s iii were synthesized. hybridization of these oligonucleotides with 325 salmonella isolates and some non-salmonella isolates including the salmonella closely related species of the family of enterobacteriaceae showed that 16s i ... | 1995 | 7538992 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of tyrosine-71 to phenylalanine in citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase: evidence for dual roles of tyrosine-71 as a general acid catalyst in the reaction mechanism and in cofactor binding. | tyr71 is an invariant residue in all known sequences of tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl). the substitution of tyr71 in tpl by phenylalanine results in a mutant y71f tpl with no detectable activity (greater than 3 x 10(5)-fold reduction) for beta-elimination of l-tyrosine. y71f tpl can react with s-alkylcysteines, but these substrates exhibit kcat values reduced by 10(3)-10(4)-fold, while the kcat/km values are reduced by 10(2)-10(3)-fold, compared to wild-type tpl. however, for substrates with good l ... | 1995 | 7547970 |
| induction of beta-lactamase production in the anaerobic microflora by cefoxitin. | 1995 | 7548595 | |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of fk037: a new parenteral cephalosporin. | the antibacterial and bactericidal activities and the stability of fk037 to beta-lactamases were investigated and compared with those of cefpirome, flomoxef, ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, and vancomycin. against clinical isolates of methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, fk037 was less active than vancomycin but more potent than the other drugs tested. among highly methicillin-resistant staphylococci (mic for methicillin: 200 mg/l or higher), none of the strains were ... | 1995 | 7555206 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of citrobacter rodentium sp. nov. | an unusual bacterial pathogen of laboratory mice has been previously classified as an atypical biotype of citrobacter freundii. designated c. freundii biotype 4280, this bacterium is the etiologic agent of transmissible murine clonic hyperplasia. an eaea gene has been shown to be present in this organism and to be necessary for virulence in laboratory mice. however, other biotypes of c. freundii lack dna homology with the eaea gene. because of the recent reclassification in which five named spec ... | 1995 | 7559949 |
| ceftibuten: a review of antimicrobial activity, spectrum and other microbiologic features. | ceftibuten is a new, orally administered cephalosporin with exceptional beta-lactamase stability and potency against commonly isolated gram-negative pathogens. more than 90% of recent enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates were inhibited by < or = 8 micrograms/ml of ceftibuten. in only five enteric species (citrobacter freundii, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, serratia marcescens) were more than 15% of strains resistant (minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic, wi ... | 1995 | 7567314 |
| taxonomic diversity of anaerobic glycerol dissimilation in the enterobacteriaceae. | a total of 1,123 strains representing 128 taxa in the enterobacteriaceae (named species or subspecies and genomic species) were screened for the presence of glycerol dehydrogenases and 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase. only eight taxa, citrobacter freundii sensu stricto, c. youngae, c. braakii, c. werkmanii, citrobacter genomospecies 10 and 11, enterobacter gergoviae and klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae could grow fermentatively on glycerol and possessed both glycerol dehydrogenase type i (i ... | 1995 | 7569322 |
| use of bioluminescence to model the thermal inactivation of salmonella typhimurium in the presence of a competitive microflora. | the survival of salmonella typhimurium was investigated by bioluminescence and standard plating techniques in pure cultures and in the presence of competitors after the cultures were heated to 55 degrees c for increasing lengths of time. decimal reduction (d) values increased from 0.43 to 2.09 min in the presence of 10(8) cfu of competitors ml-1, indicating a significant protective effect. | 1995 | 7574653 |
| a comparison of immunomagnetic separation plus enrichment with conventional salmonella culture in the examination of raw sausages. | immunomagnetic separation with additional enrichment was used in conjunction with improved selective media to improve the isolation of salmonellae from raw sausages. the isolation rate achieved was almost double that of conventional culture with no increase in processing time. the selective media gave an overall specificity of approximately 74%; all false-positive pickoffs being identified as citrobacter freundii. it is believed that this method represents a significant advance in the isolation ... | 1995 | 7576516 |
| monoclonal antibodies against vi antigen production and characterization. | as a result of fusion of in vitro immunized mouse splenocytes and myeloma sp2/0 cells, stable hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against vi antigen were obtained. the monoclonal antibodies were of igm class. reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to vi antigen of different origin was tested. the reactivity was found to be independent of o-acetylation degree of vi antigen. | 1993 | 7580356 |
| phosphatase production and activity in citrobacter freundii and a naturally occurring, heavy-metal-accumulating citrobacter sp. | the ability of a naturally occurring citrobacter sp. to accumulate cadmium has been attributed to cellular precipitation of cdhpo4, utilizing hpo4(2-) liberated via the activity of an overproduced, cd-resistant acid-type phosphatase. phosphatase production and heavy metal accumulation by batch cultures of this strain (n14) and a phosphatase-deficient mutant were compared with two reference strains of citrobacter freundii. only strain n14 expressed a high level of acid phosphatase and accumulated ... | 1995 | 7582003 |
| effects of tazobactam on the frequency of the emergence of resistant strains from enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and proteus vulgaris (beta-lactamase derepressed mutants). | when enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and proteus vulgaris were treated with piperacillin (pipc) in combination with tazobactam (taz), the in vitro frequency of emergence of resistant strains (beta-lactamase producing mutants) was lower than with pipc or ceftazidime (caz) treated bacteria. in a mouse intraperitoneal infection model caused by e. cloacae, beta-lactamase derepressed mutants were detected following therapy with pipc or caz, although no derepressed mutants were detected af ... | 1995 | 7592048 |
| multicentre comparative study on the antibacterial activity of fk-037, a new parenteral cephalosporin. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of fk-037, a new parenteral cephalosporin structurally related to cefpirome and cefepime, was compared with that of cefotaxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, cefpirome, cefepime, imipenem and meropenem against 1,837 clinical isolates obtained from three spanish hospitals. fk-037 inhibited 90% of enterobacteriaceae isolates at < or = 0.25 microgram/ml, with the exception of enterobacter aerogenes (mic90 1 microgram/ml), enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii ( ... | 1995 | 7614970 |
| comparative evaluation of orally active antibiotics against community-acquired pathogens: a multi-center study in five mediterranean countries. | in 5 mediterranean countries 7902 pathogens, all isolated in 1992 and 1993 from community-acquired infections, were studied for susceptibility to the following orally active antibiotics: penicillin g, ampicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, amoxycillin + clavulanic acid (both 2:1 ratio), cefalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefetamet, doxycycline and erythromycin. ten centers in italy, 4 centers in greece, 3 centers in spain, and 1 center in lebanon and saudi arabia contributed to this study; all center ... | 1995 | 7629552 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of the oxidative branch of glycerol utilization by citrobacter freundii. | glycerol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.6) and dihydroxyacetone kinase (ec 2.7.1.29) were purified from citrobacter freundii. the dehydrogenase is a hexamer of a polypeptide of 43,000 da. the enzyme exhibited a rather broad substrate specificity, but glycerol was the preferred substrate in the physiological direction. the apparent kms of the enzyme for glycerol and nad+ were 1.27 mm and 57 microm, respectively. the kinase is a dimer of a polypeptide of 57,000 da. the enzyme was highly specific for the ... | 1995 | 7635824 |
| control of infection with multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria in a hospital renal unit: the value of plasmid characterization. | an outbreak of infections due to multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria took place over a period of approximately 18 months in a renal unit. strains of escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter spp. and pseudomonas spp. were involved, and a variety of antibiotic resistances was encountered. closely related plasmids encoding resistance to aztreonam, ceftazidime and piperacillin, possibly derived from an archetypal plasmid of 105 kb were found in the majority of ... | 1995 | 7641839 |
| role of citrate as a complexing ligand which permits enzymically-mediated uranyl ion bioaccumulation. | 1995 | 7647506 | |
| national survey of the in vitro spectrum of piperacillin-tazobactam tested against more than 40,000 aerobic clinical isolates from 236 medical centers. | hospital microbiology laboratories from 41 states participated in a bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility study comparing in vitro results generated by the standardized disk diffusion method. over 41,000 freshly isolated aerobic and facultative strains, representing all specimen types (except stools and urines), were tested for their susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam and 21 other antimicrobial agents. enterococcus spp. was the second or third most common isolate from intraabdominal, gyn ... | 1995 | 7648835 |
| [use of imipenem in the treatment of patients with surgical infection]. | the efficacy of thienam, a product of merck, sharp and dohme (usa) composed of imipenem and cylastatin was studied in the treatment of 52 patients with surgical infection. in 48 and 4 patients the drug was used therapeutically and prophylactically respectively. when the drug was used therapeutically the recovery and improvement were observed in 41 out of 44 patients (93.2 per cent), 4 patients being excluded from the treatment group because of adverse reactions such as hyperthermia and skin erup ... | 1995 | 7654100 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of the arae gene of klebsiella oxytoca 8017, which encodes arabinose-h+ symport activity. | southern analysis of the genomic dna from species of the family enterobacteriaceae, using a probe derived from the escherichia coli arae gene, which encodes an arabinose-h+ symporter, detected arae in salmonella, citrobacter, klebsiella, and enterobacter spp. the klebsiella oxytoca arae gene was cloned, sequenced, and expressed to compare its properties with those of arae from e. coli. | 1995 | 7665532 |
| [biochemical indicators of citrobacter sedlakii]. | the authors describe eight strains identified biochemically as a new species of c. sedlakii in clinical material, surface water and the cutting surface of a melon. the majority of strains was isolated in the czech and slovak republic. | 1995 | 7670802 |
| isolation of a citrobacter freundii strain which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen. | a biochemically typical strain of citrobacter freundii which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen is described. the significance of differentiating such strains from typical e. coli o157 strains is stressed. | 1993 | 7681442 |
| structure and antigenic properties of citrobacter freundii lipopolysaccharides. | citrobacter freundii strain e69366 was detected in a colony immunoassay with a rabbit antiserum prepared to a strain of escherichia coli belonging to serogroup o157. lipopolysaccharide (lps) was shown to contain the epitope(s) involved in antibody binding. lps prepared from strain e69366, with hot phenol contained core-lps that migrated to the water-phase and long-chain lps that separated into the phenol-phase. a total of 36 strains of cit. freundii were analysed for their lps profiles by sds-pa ... | 1993 | 7683640 |
| cloning and primary sequence of the rpoh gene from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a dna fragment from pseudomonas aeruginosa containing the rpoh gene encoding the heat-shock sigma factor sigma 32 has been cloned and sequenced. the gene is expressed in escherichia coli and complements an rpoh- strain. an open reading frame encoding 284 amino acids shows 61% identity and 78% similarity to the rpoh protein of escherichia coli. | 1995 | 7698670 |
| bacterial translocation in the rat model of lectin induced diarrhoea. | red kidney beans were fed to weanling long-evans rats to cause diarrhoea (mean (sd) faecal wet weight: 2.66 (0.73) g/day in six rats fed beans v 1.12 (0.47) g/day in six control rats, p < 0.01) and increased faecal energy loss (4.87 (0.41) v 2.14 (0.23) kcal/day, p < 0.01). in addition, the rats fed beans had heavier small intestines (80.6 (4.6) v 51.9 (8.4) g/kg body weight, p < 0.01), heavier mesenteric lymph nodes (0.72 (0.27) v 0.08 (0.08) g/kg body weight, p < 0.05), and translocation of in ... | 1995 | 7698696 |
| bifocal cervical spondylodiscitis due to citrobacter diversus. | spondylodiscitis due to citrobacter diversus is rare. an unusual case of bifocal cervical spondylodiscitis following transurethral prostatectomy is reported. c. diversus was detected by urinary cultures and locally by intervertebral disc puncture. satisfactory recovery occurred after treatment with imipenem and amikacin, and then imipenem alone. citrobacter infections are still rare in adults but are increasing in immunocompromised patients and sometimes occur in healthy subjects following surge ... | 1994 | 7698842 |
| ability of commercial identification systems to identify newly recognized species of citrobacter. | the genus citrobacter was recently determined to contain 11 genetically distinct species. in addition, the international committee on systematic bacteriology no longer recognizes c. diversus and has, instead, validated the name c. koseri in its place. the 11 species are c. freundii, c. koseri, c. amalonaticus, c. farmeri, c. youngae, c. braakii, c. werkmanii, c. sedlakii, and three unnamed groups, genomospecies 9, 10, and 11. to determine the ease with which some identification systems could res ... | 1995 | 7699052 |
| application of subtyping by combined allozyme, whole-cell protein and antibiotic resistance analysis in epidemiological investigations of food-borne infections. | allozyme pattern, whole-cell protein pattern and antibiotic resistance were used as markers for epidemiological subtyping (below the species level) of food-relevant bacteria. the results of this study confirm the applicability of these patterns as epidemiological markers also for this special purpose. electrotyping using also a reduced allozyme set seems to be the method with the highest discriminatory power of the three methods evaluated. several examples demonstrate that complex typing of bact ... | 1994 | 7703019 |
| gcva, a lysr-type transcriptional regulator protein, activates expression of the cloned citrobacter freundii ampc beta-lactamase gene in escherichia coli: cross-talk between dna-binding proteins. | escherichia coli jrg582 is an ampd ampe deletion derivative of strain hfrh and accordingly it is derepressed for expression of the cloned inducible beta-lactamase gene of citrobacter freundii, carried on plasmid pnu305. following chemical mutagenesis of jrg582(pnu305) a cefotaxime sensitive mutant was isolated, cs51(pnu305), which produced low levels of beta-lactamase due to a mutation in the host chromosome. two recombinant plasmids containing genomic dna from e. coli hfrh, namely pub5608 and p ... | 1995 | 7704273 |
| analysis of bacteriuria in patients with burns. | a detailed analysis of bacteriuria in 148 aged patients with burns was made for a period of 2 years (1991-92), in order to determine the incidence of the urine infections they sustained, the sources and mechanisms of the infections and the impact on the course and outcome of the primary disease. urine infection was found in 7.6 per cent (46 patients) of all patients treated for burns during the study period; 39.1 per cent were community acquired uroinfection (cau) and 60.9 per cent were hospital ... | 1995 | 7718115 |
| purification of 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase from citrobacter freundii and cloning, sequencing, and overexpression of the corresponding gene in escherichia coli. | 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.202) was purified to homogeneity from citrobacter freundii grown anaerobically on glycerol in continuous culture. the enzyme is an octamer of a polypeptide of 43,400 da. when tested as a dehydrogenase, the enzyme was most active with substrates containing two primary alcohol groups separated by one or two carbon atoms. in the physiological direction, 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde was the preferred substrate. the apparent km values of the enzyme for 3-hydroxypro ... | 1995 | 7721705 |
| [in vitro antibacterial activity of cefpirome: a new cephalosporin; results of a multicenter study]. | the in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new injectable cephalosporin was studied against 1,082 clinical isolates in a multicentre study. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using an agar dilution method. cefpirome was active against enterobacteriaceae. on naturally non-producing beta-lactamase species, cefpirome was active on most of the strains with mics < or = 0.5 mg/l, including strains producing an acquired penicillinase: e. coli 0.03-0.06, p. mirabilis 0.06-0.12, salmonella spp. ... | 1994 | 7724247 |
| induction of beta-lactamase by cefoxitin in anaerobic intestinal microflora. | beta-lactamases produced by two anaerobic bacterial strains, bacteroides ovatus ax34:1 and clostridium butyricum nbl3, were shown to be significantly inducible under anaerobic conditions in subinhibitory concentrations of cefoxitin. the induction ratio of beta-lactamase production for bacteroides ovatus was 2.6 and for clostridium butyricum 1.6. incubation of faecal samples with different concentrations of cefoxitin did not result in any induction of beta-lactamase production. when adding a high ... | 1995 | 7729448 |
| production of a plasmid mediated ampc-like beta-lactamase by a klebsiella pneumoniae septicaemia isolate. | a septicaemia klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from greece (ath1) was shown to be resistant to third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam and cefoxitin and this resistance was not decreased in the presence of clavulanic acid. the gene coding for the resistance phenotype, associated with a beta-lactamase showing cephalosporinase activity and a pi of 8.6, could be transferred into escherichia coli k-12 by conjugation and transformation. dna-hybridisation showed that this gene was located on two diffe ... | 1994 | 7730237 |
| structural elucidation of the biological repeating unit of o-specific polysaccharide from citrobacter serotype o41. | sugar analysis of the o-specific polysaccharide produced by citrobacter serotype o41 revealed the presence of a hexasaccharide repeating unit, which includes the unusual 3-amino-n-(d-3'-hydroxybutyryl)-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactosyl residue (fuc3nacyl). the structure of the repeating unit was determined by extensive use of homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy, including the application of long-range 1h-13c correlation experiments and noe studies to establish the sequence of sugar u ... | 1995 | 7744044 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of his343-->ala in citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase. effects on the kinetic mechanism and rate-determining step. | his343 in citrobacter freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase is conserved in all known sequences of both tyrosine phenol-lyase and tryptophan indole-lyase; it is located near the active-site lys257 in c. freundii tyrosine phenol-lyase [antson, a. a., demidkina, t. v., gollnick, p., danter, z., von tersch, r.l., long, j., berezhnoy, s. n., phillips, r. s., harutyunyan, e. h. & wilson, k. s. (1993) biochemistry 32, 4195--4206]. in order to evaluate the role of his343 in the reaction mechanism of tyrosine ... | 1995 | 7744078 |
| [bacteriological and clinical studies of sy5555 in pediatric field]. | clinical studies were carried out on sy5555, a new oral penem, in the field of pediatrics. the results obtained are summarized below. the clinical efficacies were examined in a total 31 patients consisting of 4 patients with pharyngitis, 10 with purulent tonsillitis, 4 with scarlet fever, 7 with impetigo, one with balanitis, one with cellulitis and 4 with uti. the clinical efficacy rate was 96.8% (30/31). bacteriological efficacies of sy5555 were examined on identified pathogens including 7 stra ... | 1995 | 7745808 |
| third generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacilli in the feces of hospitalized children. | in view of the widespread use of third generation cephalosporins in hospitalized infants, we attempted to determine whether their use was associated with the emergence of resistance in fecal gram-negative bacilli. stools from infants hospitalized for varying durations were cultured on macconkey agar containing 4 micrograms/ml of cefotaxime. all isolates growing on this medium were identified and their susceptibilities to 29 antimicrobial agents were determined. sixty-five infants were studied of ... | 1995 | 7746715 |
| [evaluation of a system of multimicrotests for biochemical identification of enterobacteria (mmt e2) in a controlled epidemiological trial. 2]. | commercial system of multimicrotests for biochemical identification of enterobacteria mmt e2 and routine tube tests were compared in a controlled epidemiologic experiment with 205 enterobacterial strains. the system has been developed at the allergen research and production amalgamation. system mmt e2 fairly well met the requirements to diagnostic preparations of this kind; its results were compatible and well reproducible. this system in complex with commercial mmt e1 system may be used for spe ... | 1995 | 7757370 |
| no lumbar puncture in the evaluation for early neonatal sepsis: will meningitis be missed? | we performed this investigation to assess whether selective approaches to performing lumbar puncture (lp) in the early neonatal period will result in a missed or delayed diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. | 1995 | 7761203 |
| multiple antibiotic resistance in klebsiella spp. and other enterobacteriaceae isolated in singapore. | a common pattern of multiple antibiotic resistance has been noted in bacteria isolated from singaporean patients. the resistance pattern includes: ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime and other third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, gentamicin and other aminoglycosides. the bacterial species implicated are klebsiellas and other members of the enterobacteriaceae. preliminary laboratory investigation with a disk-diffusion augmentation test suggests the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactam ... | 1994 | 7761885 |
| assessment of macroporous polystyrene-based polymers for the immobilization of citrobacter freundii. | polyhipe polymers represent a novel immobilization support possessing many desirable characteristics. these materials have been used to immobilize citrobacter freundii in order to develop a continuous bioconversion system for the anaerobic production of trimethylene glycol from glycerol. several immobilization methods were employed, of which the most successful involved culturing the organism with polyhipe in shake-flasks, transferring the contents into a column, and growing the cells in situ wi ... | 1993 | 7763451 |
| evaluation of the vitek immunodiagnostic assay system (vidas) for the detection of salmonella in foods. | a salmonella assay using the vitek immunodiagnostic assay system (vidas) was compared with a conventional cultural method (ccm) for the detection of salmonellas in 141 samples of artificially and naturally contaminated foods. there was an overall agreement of 92.9% between the methods. the productivity of the vidas salmonella assay (vsa) was not improved using an alternative enrichment protocol for the detection of salmonella in 12 raw meat samples. the sensitivity and specificity of the vsa was ... | 1994 | 7765217 |
| purification and properties of crystalline 3-methylaspartase from two facultative anaerobes, citrobacter sp. strain yg-0504 and morganella morganii strain yg-0601. | 3-methylaspartase (3-methylaspartate ammonia-lyase, ec 4.3.1.2) from two facultative anaerobes from soil, citrobacter sp. strain yg-0504 and morganella morganii strain yg-0601, were purified and crystallized from their crude extracts. both of the citrobacter and morganella enzymes appeared to be a dimer of subunits of m(r) 40,000 and 44,000, respectively. the enzymes had similar enzymological properties: optimum ph for the deamination reaction of (2s,3s)-3-methylaspartic acid, substrate specific ... | 1995 | 7765982 |
| the signal transducer encoded by ampg is essential for induction of chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase in escherichia coli by beta-lactam antibiotics and 'unspecific' inducers. | chemical mutagenesis of the ampc beta-lactamase-hyperinducible escherichia coli strain sn0301/pnu305 carrying the cloned ampc and ampr genes from citrobacter freundii os60 gave four independent mutants in which beta-lactamase was no longer inducible, or was inducible only to a low level, by beta-lactam antibiotics. the genes ampc, ampr, ampd and ampe, which were essential for beta-lactamase induction, were functional in these mutants. in all four mutants, the sites of mutation were mapped to 9.9 ... | 1995 | 7773404 |
| verotoxinogenic citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: green butter as the infection source. | a summer outbreak of severe gastroenteritis followed by haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in a nursery school and kindergarten is described. sandwiches prepared with green butter made with contaminated parsley were the likely vehicle of infection. the parsley originated from an organic garden in which manure of pig origin was used instead of artificial fertilizers. clonally identical verotoxinogenic citrobacter freundii were found as causative agents of hu ... | 1995 | 7781732 |
| ampd, essential for both beta-lactamase regulation and cell wall recycling, is a novel cytosolic n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase. | in enterobacteria, the ampd gene encodes a cytosolic protein which acts as a negative regulator of beta-lactamase expression. it is shown here that the ampd protein is a novel n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase (e.c.3.5.1.28) participating in the intracellular recycling of peptidoglycan fragments. surprisingly, ampd exhibits an exclusive specificity for substrates containing anhydro muramic acid. this anhydro bond is mainly found in the peptidoglycan degradation products formed by the periplasmic ... | 1995 | 7783625 |
| characterization of an lysr family protein, smer from serratia marcescens s6, its effect on expression of the carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase sme-1, and comparison of this regulator with other beta-lactamase regulators. | serratia marcescens s6 produces a chromosomally encoded carbapenem-hydrolyzing class a beta-lactamase, sme-1 (t. naas, l. vandel, w. sougakoff, d. m. livermore, and p. nordmann, antimicrob. agents chemother. 38:1262-1270, 1994). upstream from smea we identified a second open reading frame (embl accession number z30237). this encodes a 33.1-kda protein, smer, which has a high degree of homology with nmcr, the lysr regulatory protein of the only other sequenced carbapenem-hydrolyzing class a beta- ... | 1995 | 7793864 |
| effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feed on antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria in catfish ponds. | the effect of oxytetracycline-medicated feeds on antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria from fish intestines and water in catfish ponds was investigated. in experiments in the fall and spring, using ponds with no previous history of antibiotic usage, percentages of tetracycline-resistant bacteria in catfish intestines obtained from medicated ponds increased significantly after 10 days of treatment. in the fall, resistance of the intestinal and aquatic bacteria returned to pretreatment l ... | 1995 | 7793953 |
| [clinical bacteriology and empiric therapy for hospital-acquired pneumonia in the elderly at a national leprosarium]. | hospital-acquired pneumonia is one of the most important fatal respiratory diseases in the elderly. prompt and precise empiric therapy is essential for recovery. fourteen isolates from twelve elderly lepromatous leprosy patients (9 men, 3 women, mean age of 75.8 years) with hospital-acquired pneumonia were studied. subsequently, empiric therapy with gentamicin and beta-lactams for nosocomial pneumonia in the elderly was examined. fourteen types of bacteria isolated from expectorated sputum speci ... | 1994 | 7799554 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic. | the antibacterial activity of sy5555, a new oral penem antibiotic, was compared with those of cefaclor, cefixime, and cefteram. sy5555 was more active than the comparison agents against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, enterococcus faecalis, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, acinetobacter calcoaceticus, clostridium spp., and bacteroides fragilis. against providencia spp., proteus spp., and haemophi ... | 1994 | 7811005 |
| gene sequence and biochemical characterization of fox-1 from klebsiella pneumoniae, a new ampc-type plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase with two molecular variants. | klebsiella pneumoniae ba32, a clinical isolate from buenos aires, argentina, was found to produce a plasmid-encoded beta-lactamase (fox-1) which conferred resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins and cephamycins. resistance could be transferred by conjugation or transformation into escherichia coli k-12 via a 48.5-kb plasmid (pglk1) that produced two fox-1 molecular variants with isoelectric points of 6.8 and 7.2 and apparent molecular sizes of 37 and 35 kda, respectively. the kinetic study r ... | 1994 | 7811034 |
| nucleotide sequence of a plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase gene (blalat-1) found in klebsiella pneumoniae. | the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding a novel cephalosporinase (lat-1), carried by a non-self-transferable plasmid from klebsiella pneumoniae, has been determined. it was found that the sequence shares a high degree of homology with the citrobacter freundii os60 ampc structural gene. | 1994 | 7811049 |
| isolation of three hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine-degrading species of the family enterobacteriaceae from nitramine explosive-contaminated soil. | three species of the family enterobacteriaceae that biochemically reduced hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (rdx) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (hmx) were isolated from nitramine explosive-contaminated soil. two isolates, identified as morganella morganii and providencia rettgeri, completely transformed both rdx and the nitroso-rdx reduction intermediates. the third isolate, identified as citrobacter freundii, partially transformed rdx and generated high concentratio ... | 1994 | 7811097 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefpirome against ceftazidime-resistant isolates from two multicenter studies. | the in vitro activity of cefpirome against ceftazidime-resistant (mic > 16 mg/l) isolates from two multicenter studies was analyzed. the first investigation carried out in the usa, was an in vitro comparison of cefpirome and five third-generation cephalosporins in which more than 6,000 isolates were evaluated, including 97 enterobacteriaceae and 1,509 staphylococci resistant to ceftazidime. the second study was a multicenter international study (> 5,000 strains total) in which 160 ceftazidime-re ... | 1994 | 7813503 |
| [a case of severe pneumonia in an elderly man, caused by citrobacter freundii suspected to have a low susceptibility to imipenem/cilastatin sodium]. | an 80-year-old blind man with lepromatous leprosy suffered from right femoral neck and humeral neck fractures on july 9, 1993. because of fever (38.6 degrees c), difficult expectoration and diffuse bilateral perihilar infiltrates with consolidation in the left lower lung field on his chest radiograph, severe pneumonia was diagnosed. with intravenous hyperalimentation, imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs), ceftazidime, minocycline, gentamicin (gm), and human immunoglobulin were administrated. on july 29, ... | 1994 | 7815761 |
| genetics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. | bacteria have adapted to the introduction of aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and other oxyimino-beta-lactams by altering existing plasmid-mediated class a and class d beta-lactamases so as to expand their spectrum of activity. in the tem and shv families of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, relative activity toward oxyimino-substrates increases with the number of amino acid substitutions but at the price of lowered intrinsic efficiency, so that compensatory up-promoter events ar ... | 1994 | 7821301 |
| transformation of microorganisms with the plasmid vector with the replicon from pac1 from acetobacter pasteurianus. | a number of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria species was screened for the expression of the gram-negative plasmid pack5 and pact72 with replicon of pac1 plasmid from acetobacter pasteurianus. as was described previously, both plasmids were expressed in escherichia coli, acetobacter pasteurianus, acetobacter aceti, shigella spp. and citrobacter spp. expressions of plasmids were successful in twelve species tested, comamonas terrigena, salmonella typhimurium, serratia marcescens, bacillus ... | 1995 | 7832808 |
| [enterobacteria in mineral, spring and table water]. | whereas coliform bacteria rank first, non-coliform enterobacteria can be isolated second in frequency from bottled mineral, spring and table waters in south bavaria. escherichia coli were found in 8, coliforms in 44 and non-coliform enterobacteria in 41 of 54 manufactories with hygienic problems. 11 different bacterial species were determined from coliforms with enterobacter cloacae occurring most numerous in 19, citrobacter freundii in 12 and enterobacter amnigenus in 7 manufactories. from non- ... | 1994 | 7841680 |
| the antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime: comparative multinational hospital isolate surveys covering 15 years. | the "third-generation" cephalosporins (3gc) have emerged as one of the most significant therapeutic entities in the last 15 years. these 3gc compounds (using cefotaxime as a model) have generally maintained their potency and spectrum of activity against important pathogens. however, the continuing popularity of this class associated with local, regional, or national-level use or abuse has led to efficacy reduction against some organism populations associated with selection of class i cephalospor ... | 1994 | 7843824 |
| in vitro activity of cp-99,219, a novel 7-(3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl) naphthyridone antimicrobial. | the in vitro activity of cp-99,219 was compared with that of ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin against 814 clinical bacterial isolates using a microdilution method with brain-heart infusion broth. cp-99,219 was the most potent agent tested against methicillin-resistant, ciprofloxacin-susceptible staphylocci (minimum inhibitory concentration [mic]90 < or = 0.25 microgram/ml). cp-99,219 was 32-fold and fourfold more potent than ciprofloxacin and sparfloxacin, respectively, against streptococcus pneum ... | 1994 | 7851087 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefozopran in the pediatric field]. | cefozopran (czop, sce-2787), a newly developed parenteral cephem antibiotic, was administered to children with bacterial infections. we determined its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics, efficacy and safety in these patients. 1. antibacterial activity mics of cefmetazole, ceftazidime, cefuzonam, flomoxef and czop were determined against a total of 19 strains. for gram-positive cocci, mics of czop ranged from 0.39 to 0.78 microgram/ml against staphylococcus aureus (3 strains), from 0.05 to ... | 1994 | 7853690 |
| [experimental and clinical studies of the effect of pectin on the causative agents of acute intestinal infections]. | the effect of alimentary pectin obtained from different raw materials (apple, tomato, cotton-wool) on the causative agents of infectious diarrheal diseases, belonging to the genera shigella, salmonella, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus and citrobacter, was studied under experimental conditions and in clinical observations. the study revealed that pectin, irrespective of raw material used for its production, produced an inhibiting effect on these microorganisms. this effect was most pronounced, ... | 1994 | 7856335 |
| the nickel resistance determinant cloned from the enterobacterium klebsiella oxytoca: conjugational transfer, expression, regulation and dna homologies to various nickel-resistant bacteria. | klebsiella oxytoca strain ccug 15788, isolated from a mineral oil emulsion tank in göteborg, sweden, was found to be nickel-resistant (tolerating 10 mm nicl2 in non-complexing mineral-gluconate media; inducible resistance). the nickel resistance determinants were transferred by helper-assisted conjugation to various strains of escherichia coli and citrobacter freundii and expressed to between 5 and 10 mm nicl2. a 4.3 kb hindiii fragment was cloned from the genomic dna of k. oxytoca. ligated into ... | 1995 | 7865994 |
| comparative in vitro activity of fk-037, a new cephalosporin antibiotic. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, a novel parenteral oxime-type cephalosporin, was compared with that of cefepime, cefpirome, ceftazidime, imipenem, and gentamicin against a total of 668 recent clinical isolates. minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure, and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) colony forming units). fk-037 inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella species, proteus mirabilis, p. vulgaris, morganell ... | 1994 | 7867295 |
| cefquinome (hr 111v). in vitro evaluation of a broad-spectrum cephalosporin indicated for infections in animals. | cefquinome (formerly hr 111v), an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was compared with cefepime, cefpirome, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime against 681 clinical cultures and a challenge set of bacteria with well-characterized resistance mechanisms. cefquinome minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic90) for the enterobacteriaceae ranged from < or = 0.12-2 micrograms/ml with the highest mic (4 micrograms/ml) obtained among citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, and providencia stuartii strains. a total ... | 1994 | 7867299 |
| update of lomefloxacin in vitro activity and spectrum. a multicenter trial testing contemporary pathogens following food and drug administration validation guidelines. lomefloxacin activity study group. | the united states food and drug administration recently recommended that the antimicrobial product package insert (ppi) subsection on microbiology be annually validated with regard to the compound's spectrum and potency. to address this request, a nine-laboratory trial was organized to test (two methods) lomefloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, and nine comparison drugs against ppi-listed pathogens (1934 strains). a broad geographic sampling (nine medical centers) was achieved, and lomefloxacin wa ... | 1994 | 7867311 |
| postantibiotic effect of meropenem on members of the family enterobacteriaceae determined by five methods. | the postantibiotic effect (pae) of meropenem was determined for 11 strains, both clinical isolates and reference strains of members of the family enterobacteriaceae. the study compares pae results obtained by five methods used to monitor bacterial regrowth, including viable counting, alone and in combination with impedance; bioluminescence, alone and in combination with impedance; and a morphological technique. after exposure of the test organisms to meropenem (0.1 x to 100 x mic) for 2 h, conce ... | 1994 | 7872752 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates at the american university medical center in lebanon. | in lebanon, knowledge of the prevailing pattern of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has been limited, particularly because of 15 years of civil strife. thus, the current study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of nonselected bacterial isolates recovered from recent clinical specimens, using the standardized disk agar diffusion technique. a total of 5216 isolates (1443 gram positive and 3773 gram negative) were examined. over 92% of staphylococcus au ... | 1994 | 7874882 |
| role of degp protease on levels of various forms of colicin a lysis protein. | the total amount of the colicin a lysis protein produced by cells grown in rich medium was analysed by immunoblotting. the intermediate forms of synthesis of this small lipoprotein were present in the cells at any time of induction, confirming that processing and maturation of colicin a lysis protein are slow and incomplete processes. the level of these various forms varied according to the time of induction, the growth conditions, the producing strain and the plasmid carrying the cal gene. it d ... | 1995 | 7875565 |
| fimh adhesin of type 1 pili is assembled into a fibrillar tip structure in the enterobacteriaceae. | type 1 pili are heteropolymeric mannosebinding fibers produced by all members of the enterobacteriaceae family. the bulk of the fiber is composed of fima. two macromolecular complexes responsible for mediating an interaction with mannose-containing receptors were purified from fima- escherichia coli by mannose affinity chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. one complex contained only the mannose-binding adhesin, fimh, associated with fimg, a minor component of the type 1 pilus. in the o ... | 1995 | 7892228 |
| plantar cellulitis. | an unusual case of acute cellulitis of the foot in a child is reported. the child failed to respond to standard treatment even after removal of an occult foreign body. wound cultures revealed klebsiella oxytoca and citrobacter freundii. this is the first documented report on klebsiella oxytoca in cellulitis. the cellulitis resolved after being treated with the appropriate antibiotics. | 1994 | 7909945 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates obtained in 1989 and 1990. | the in vitro activity of nine fluoroquinolones, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin, fleroxacin and levofloxacin, and two earlier quinolones, nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid, against 1,346 bacterial strains isolated clinically between 1989 and 1990, was evaluated by agar dilution method. the bacteria studied were staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains), staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus specie ... | 1993 | 7911351 |
| three-dimensional structure of tyrosine phenol-lyase. | tyrosine phenol-lyase (ec 4.1.99.2) from citrobacter freundii has been cloned and the primary sequence deduced from the dna sequence. from the brcn digest of the nabh4-reduced holoenzyme, five peptides were purified and sequenced. the amino acid sequences of the peptides agreed with the corresponding parts of the tyrosine phenol-lyase sequence obtained from the gene structure. k257 is the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding residue. assisted by the sequence data, the crystal structure of apotyrosine ... | 1993 | 7916622 |
| enzymically accelerated biomineralization of heavy metals: application to the removal of americium and plutonium from aqueous flows. | a biological process for the removal of heavy metals from the aqueous flows is described. metals are precipitated on the surface of immobilized cells of a citrobacter sp. as cell-bound metal phosphates. this uses phosphate liberated by the activity of a cell-bound phosphatase. some radionuclides (e.g. 241americium) form metal phosphates readily; efficient removal of 241am on a continuous basis is demonstrated. at low phosphatase activities, the efficiency of uranium removal correlates with enzym ... | 1994 | 7917422 |
| phosphatase-mediated heavy metal accumulation by a citrobacter sp. and related enterobacteria. | a citrobacter sp. was reported previously to accumulate heavy metals as cell-bound heavy metal phosphates. metal uptake is mediated by the activity of a periplasmic acid-type phosphatase that liberates inorganic phosphate to provide the precipitant ligand for heavy metals presented to the cells. amino acid sequencing of peptide fragments of the purified enzyme revealed significant homology to the phon product (acid phosphatase) of some other enterobacteria. these organisms, together with klebsie ... | 1994 | 7926662 |
| comparison of the antibody responses to the 77 klebsiella capsular types in ankylosing spondylitis and various rheumatic diseases. | the production of antibodies to klebsiella capsular polysaccharides was measured in sera from either hla-b27-positive (hla-b27+) or hla-b27-negative (hla-b27-) patients with classical ankylosing spondylitis (n = 54). these sera were compared with sera from patients with various rheumatic diseases (n = 82) and hla-b27+ or hla-b27- healthy individuals (n = 85). all sera were analyzed by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay specific to each of the 77 klebsiella serotypes. the sera from hla ... | 1994 | 7927763 |
| novel carbon-carbon bond cleavage reaction of penem antibiotic by class c beta-lactamases. | 1994 | 7928684 | |
| [clinical laboratory approach to evaluate administration dose of arbekacin. reevaluation of in vitro mic break points in the disk susceptibility test]. | antimicrobial activities of arbekacin (abk) against various clinical isolates, 335 strains obtained in 1991, were determined and the reliability of the abk disk susceptibility test in estimating approximate values of mics was studied. in addition, clinical significance of two different systems for the interpretation of the disk tests was evaluated as to which system would be more useful for the evaluation of clinical efficacy of abk. the 4 category system used in japan, and the system proposed b ... | 1994 | 7933533 |
| [antibacterial activities of isepamicin against fresh clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of isepamicin (isp), mics of isp as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many strains of gram-negative bacilli that were clinically isolated in 1993. 1. no isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella spp., enterobacter spp. or proteus mirabilis. 2. isp-resistant strains were observed among isolates of citrobacter freundii, serratia spp., proteus vulgaris, morganella morgani ... | 1994 | 7933534 |
| unique fimbriae-like structures encoded by sefd of the sef14 fimbrial gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis. | the sef14 gene cluster of salmonella enteritidis was recently shown to contain three genes, sefabc, encoding a unique fimbrin, and proteins homologous to fimbrial chaperones and outer membrane proteins (ushers), respectively. a fourth open reading frame, designated sefd, was found immediately downstream of sefabc and overlapping sefc. the translated protein sequence of sefd was unique, but the composition was similar to that of other bacterial fimbriae. sefd was produced in abundance by wild-typ ... | 1994 | 7934897 |