Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| proficiency program for real-time pcr diagnosis of bordetella pertussis infections in french hospital laboratories and at the french national reference center for whooping cough and other bordetelloses. | with the support of a ministerial program for innovative and expensive technologies, dedicated to the economic evaluation of laboratory diagnosis of pertussis by real-time pcr, external quality assessment for real-time is481 pcr was carried out. coordinated by the national centre of reference of pertussis and other bordetelloses (ncr), this study aimed to harmonize and to assess the performances of eight participating microbiology hospital laboratories throughout the french territory. between ja ... | 2009 | 19692562 |
| effect of a novel nop receptor agonist (sch 225288) on guinea pig irritant-evoked, feline mechanically induced and canine infectious tracheobronchitis cough. | previous studies have demonstrated that nociceptin/orphanin fq (n/ofq), the endogenous peptide ligand for the g-protein-coupled nop receptor, inhibits cough in experimental models. sch 225288 is a nonpeptide, orally active nop agonist that may provide the foundation for the development of novel treatments for cough. | 2009 | 19696521 |
| refining timed pregnancies in two strains of genetically engineered mice. | in order to efficiently generate genetically engineered mouse (gem) fetuses or neonates of a specified age range, researchers must develop strain-specific strategies, including reliable early pregnancy detection. the authors evaluated pregnancy indices (pregnancy rate, plug rate, pregnant plugged rate, first litter size and body weight) in two gem breeding colonies: homozygous soluble epoxide hydrolase knockout (sehko) mice (n=164 females) and l7-tau-green fluorescent protein (gfp) transgenic mi ... | 2009 | 19701181 |
| structural analysis of the lipid a isolated from hafnia alvei 32 and pcm 1192 lipopolysaccharides. | hafnia alvei, a gram-negative bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen associated with mixed hospital infections, bacteremia, septicemia, and respiratory diseases. the majority of clinical symptoms of diseases caused by this bacterium have a lipopolysaccharide (lps, endotoxin)-related origin. the lipid a structure affects the biological activity of endotoxins predominantly. thus, the structure of h. alvei lipid a was analyzed for the first time. the major form, asymmetrically hexa-acylated lipid ... | 2010 | 19706748 |
| bordetella pertussis infection or vaccination substantially protects mice against b. bronchiseptica infection. | although b. bronchiseptica efficiently infects a wide range of mammalian hosts and efficiently spreads among them, it is rarely observed in humans. in contrast to the many other hosts of b. bronchiseptica, humans are host to the apparently specialized pathogen b. pertussis, the great majority having immunity due to vaccination, infection or both. here we explore whether immunity to b. pertussis protects against b. bronchiseptica infection. in a murine model, either infection or vaccination with ... | 2009 | 19707559 |
| cyclosporine-induced gingival overgrowth in new zealand white rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus). | a high incidence of gingival overgrowth occurred in a group of new zealand white rabbits receiving daily cyclosporine (15 mg/kg im) while on a retinoblastoma study. over the course of 2 mo, rabbits presented with clinical signs of ptyalism (4 of 18 rabbits), inappetence (3 of 18), or both (3 of 18); facial dermatitis and erythema occurred secondary to ptyalism. reducing the dose of cyclosporine to 10 mg/kg led to complete resolution of clinical signs in all but 2 rabbits, which then received azi ... | 2009 | 19712576 |
| a novel isoquinoline alkaloid, dd-carboxypeptidase inhibitor, with antibacterial activity isolated from streptomyces sp. 8812. part i: taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities. | a novel isoquinoline alkaloid of molecular formula c10h9no4, labeled js-1, was isolated from the culture broth of streptomyces sp. 8812. it was purified by acetone protein precipitation from the culture supernatant, followed by anion exchange and c18 rp hplc columns. js-1 is an inhibitor of exocellular dd-carboxypeptidases/transpeptidases (dd-peptidases) 64-575 ii from saccharopolyspora erythraea 64-575 ii, and r39 from actinomadura r39. js-1 exhibits activity against gram-negative bacteria, suc ... | 2009 | 19713994 |
| diversity, epidemiology, and genetics of class d beta-lactamases. | class d beta-lactamase-mediated resistance to beta-lactams has been increasingly reported during the last decade. those enzymes also known as oxacillinases or oxas are widely distributed among gram negatives. genes encoding class d beta-lactamases are known to be intrinsic in many gram-negative rods, including acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa, but play a minor role in natural resistance phenotypes. the oxas (ca. 150 variants reported so far) are characterized by an important ge ... | 2010 | 19721065 |
| diversity, epidemiology, and genetics of class d beta-lactamases. | class d beta-lactamase-mediated resistance to beta-lactams has been increasingly reported during the last decade. those enzymes also known as oxacillinases or oxas are widely distributed among gram negatives. genes encoding class d beta-lactamases are known to be intrinsic in many gram-negative rods, including acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa, but play a minor role in natural resistance phenotypes. the oxas (ca. 150 variants reported so far) are characterized by an important ge ... | 2010 | 19721065 |
| molecular, antigenic, and functional characteristics of ferric enterobactin receptor cfra in campylobacter jejuni. | the ferric enterobactin receptor cfra not only is responsible for high-affinity iron acquisition in campylobacter jejuni but also is essential for c. jejuni colonization in animal intestines. in this study, we determined the feasibility of targeting the iron-regulated outer membrane protein cfra for immune protection against campylobacter colonization. alignment of complete cfra sequences from 15 campylobacter isolates showed that the levels of amino acid identity for cfra range from 89% to 98%. ... | 2009 | 19737895 |
| mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in the lungs against bacteria. | bacterial lung diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality both in immunocompromised and in immunocompetent individuals. neutrophil accumulation, a pathological hallmark of bacterial diseases, is critical to host defense, but may also cause acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (nod)-like receptors, transcription factors, cytokines, and chemokines play essential roles in neutrophil sequestration in the lung ... | 2009 | 19738160 |
| mechanisms of neutrophil accumulation in the lungs against bacteria. | bacterial lung diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality both in immunocompromised and in immunocompetent individuals. neutrophil accumulation, a pathological hallmark of bacterial diseases, is critical to host defense, but may also cause acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (nod)-like receptors, transcription factors, cytokines, and chemokines play essential roles in neutrophil sequestration in the lung ... | 2009 | 19738160 |
| molecular evolution of the two-component system bvgas involved in virulence regulation in bordetella. | the whooping cough agent bordetella pertussis is closely related to bordetella bronchiseptica, which is responsible for chronic respiratory infections in various mammals and is occasionally found in humans, and to bordetella parapertussis, one lineage of which causes mild whooping cough in humans and the other ovine respiratory infections. all three species produce similar sets of virulence factors that are co-regulated by the two-component system bvgas. we characterized the molecular diversity ... | 2009 | 19750014 |
| the dlt operon of bacillus cereus is required for resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides and for virulence in insects. | the dlt operon encodes proteins that alanylate teichoic acids, the major components of cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. this generates a net positive charge on bacterial cell walls, repulsing positively charged molecules and conferring resistance to animal and human cationic antimicrobial peptides (amps) in gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. amps damage the bacterial membrane and are the most effective components of the humoral immune response against bacteria. we investigated the role of t ... | 2009 | 19767427 |
| mediators of lipid a modification, rna degradation, and central intermediary metabolism facilitate the growth of legionella pneumophila at low temperatures. | legionella pneumophila is an aquatic bacterium that is also the agent of legionnaires' disease pneumonia. since l. pneumophila is transmitted directly from the environment to the lung, it is important to understand how legionellae survive at low temperatures. to identify genes that are needed for l. pneumophila growth at low temperature, we screened a population of mutagenized legionellae for strains that are specifically impaired for growth at 17 degrees c. from the 7,400 mutants tested, 11 dis ... | 2010 | 19768502 |
| mediators of lipid a modification, rna degradation, and central intermediary metabolism facilitate the growth of legionella pneumophila at low temperatures. | legionella pneumophila is an aquatic bacterium that is also the agent of legionnaires' disease pneumonia. since l. pneumophila is transmitted directly from the environment to the lung, it is important to understand how legionellae survive at low temperatures. to identify genes that are needed for l. pneumophila growth at low temperature, we screened a population of mutagenized legionellae for strains that are specifically impaired for growth at 17 degrees c. from the 7,400 mutants tested, 11 dis ... | 2010 | 19768502 |
| oxa-143, a novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing class d beta-lactamase in acinetobacter baumannii. | a carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strain was isolated in brazil in 2004 in which no known carbapenemase gene was detected by pcr. cloning experiments, followed by expression in escherichia coli, gave an e. coli recombinant strain expressing a novel carbapenem-hydrolyzing class d beta-lactamase (chdl). oxa-143 showed 88% amino acid sequence identity with oxa-40, 63% identity with oxa-23, and 52% identity with oxa-58. it hydrolyzed penicillins, oxacillin, meropenem, and imipenem but n ... | 2009 | 19770279 |
| complete genome sequence of the sugarcane nitrogen-fixing endophyte gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal5. | gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus pal5 is an endophytic diazotrophic bacterium that lives in association with sugarcane plants. it has important biotechnological features such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism pathways, secretion of organic acids, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. | 2009 | 19775431 |
| expression of 4 truncated fragments of pasteurella multocida toxin and their immunogenicity. | pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a poor antigen that becomes more immunogenic after its native structure has been destroyed. in contrast, partially truncated pmt proteins, which are predicted to be good antigens when used as a vaccine, might be used to improve the control of atrophic rhinitis in pigs. in this study, 4 truncated pmt fragments were expressed in escherichia coli, and those 4 fragments were inoculated into mice to produce the polyclonal antibodies. the results of an enzyme-linke ... | 2009 | 19794890 |
| transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the gmar antirepressor governs temperature-dependent control of flagellar motility in listeria monocytogenes. | flagellar motility in listeria monocytogenes (lm) is restricted to temperatures below 37 degrees c due to the opposing activities of the mogr transcriptional repressor and the gmar antirepressor. previous studies have suggested that both the degu response regulator and mogr regulate expression of gmar. in this report, we further define the role of degu for gmar production and flagellar motility. we demonstrate that deletion of the receiver domain of degu has no effect on flagellar motility in lm ... | 2009 | 19796338 |
| breeding and housing laboratory rats and mice in the same room does not affect the growth or reproduction of either species. | few data exist regarding the effects of long-term housing of rats and mice in the same secondary enclosure. historical reproductive and growth data were compared for colonies of mice and rats maintained in open-topped cages in either single-species or dual-species barrier rooms. this analysis included reproductive parameters (litter size at birth, litter size at weaning, and pups missing at weaning) collected from 33 colonies of mice comprising 500 to 38,500 breeding females and 28 colonies of r ... | 2009 | 19807969 |
| estimating the fraction of non-coding rnas in mammalian transcriptomes. | recent studies of mammalian transcriptomes have identified numerous rna transcripts that do not code for proteins; their identity, however, is largely unknown. here we explore an approach based on sequence randomness patterns to discern different rna classes. the relative z-score we use helps identify the known ncrna class from the genome, intergene and intron classes. this leads us to a fractional ncrna measure of putative ncrna datasets which we model as a mixture of genuine ncrnas and other t ... | 2008 | 19812767 |
| antimicrobial resistances do not affect colonization parameters of intestinal e. coli in a small piglet group. | although antimicrobial resistance and persistence of resistant bacteria in humans and animals are major health concerns worldwide, the impact of antimicrobial resistance on bacterial intestinal colonization in healthy domestic animals has only been rarely studied. we carried out a retrospective analysis of the antimicrobial susceptibility status and the presence of resistance genes in intestinal commensal e. coli clones from clinically healthy pigs from one production unit with particular focus ... | 2009 | 19814790 |
| tonb-dependent transporters and their occurrence in cyanobacteria. | different iron transport systems evolved in gram-negative bacteria during evolution. most of the transport systems depend on outer membrane localized tonb-dependent transporters (tbdts), a periplasma-facing tonb protein and a plasma membrane localized machinery (exbbd). so far, iron chelators (siderophores), oligosaccharides and polypeptides have been identified as substrates of tbdts. for iron transport, three uptake systems are defined: the lactoferrin/transferrin binding proteins, the porphyr ... | 2009 | 19821963 |
| insertion sequence content reflects genome plasticity in strains of the root nodule actinobacterium frankia. | genome analysis of three frankia sp. strains has revealed a high number of transposable elements in two of the strains. twelve out of the 20 major families of bacterial insertion sequence (is) elements are represented in the 148 annotated transposases of frankia strain hfpcci3 (cci3) comprising 3% of its total coding sequences (cds). ean1pec (ean) has 183 transposase orfs from 13 is families comprising 2.2% of its cds. strain acn14a (acn) differs significantly from the other strains with only 33 ... | 2009 | 19821988 |
| improved selective isolation of bordetella pertussis by use of modified cyclodextrin solid medium. | we have developed a modified cyclodextrin solid (mcs) medium using the selective antibiotic cefdinir. mcs medium exhibited higher sensitivity (95.6%; any culture-positive sample as reference) and greater inhibition of nasopharyngeal flora than did bordet-gengou agar (65.2%, p = 0.009) or cyclodextrin solid medium (39.1%, p < 0.001). | 2009 | 19846652 |
| genomic characterization of the intron-containing t7-like phage phil7 of xanthomonas campestris. | the lytic phage phil7, which morphologically belongs to the siphoviridae family, infects xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. nucleotide sequence analysis has revealed that phil7 contains a linear double-stranded dna genome (44,080 bp, 56% g+c) with a 3'-protruding cos site (5'-ttaccggac-3') and 59 possible genes. among the deduced proteins, 32 have homologs with known functions and 18 show no database similarities; moreover, the genes encoding these 18 proteins mostly have varying g+c content ... | 2009 | 19854925 |
| shifting the genomic gold standard for the prokaryotic species definition. | dna-dna hybridization (ddh) has been used for nearly 50 years as the gold standard for prokaryotic species circumscriptions at the genomic level. it has been the only taxonomic method that offered a numerical and relatively stable species boundary, and its use has had a paramount influence on how the current classification has been constructed. however, now, in the era of genomics, ddh appears to be an outdated method for classification that needs to be substituted. the average nucleotide identi ... | 2009 | 19855009 |
| surface protein ef3314 contributes to virulence properties of enterococcus faecalis. | identification of putative new virulence factors as additional targets for therapeutic approaches alternative to antibiotic treatment of multi-resistant enterococcal infections. | 2009 | 19856273 |
| studies on the etiology of snuffles in stock rabbits : paranasal sinusitis a factor in the interpretation of experimental results. | in our experience, covering a large number of rabbits, we have found that the condition known as snuffles falls into different types, the acute and fatal, symptomatic of some underlying infection such as septicemia or pneumonia; and the intermittent, and the chronic. the intermittent and the chronic types considered in this paper are those most commonly present in laboratory stocks. our observations point to a widespread prevalence of the disease among rabbits kept under laboratory conditions. t ... | 1923 | 19868812 |
| the epidemiology of a rabbit respiratory infection : ii. clinical, pathological, and bacteriological study of snuffles. | 100 adult rabbits taken at random from the rockefeller institute animal house were examined clinically, anatomically, and bacteriologically for evidence of respiratory infection. 58 of these rabbits proved to have snuffles; 42 were free of the disease. bacterium lepisepticum was the predominating organism in the nasal flora of 55 of the 58 rabbits showing snuffles. this organism was also cultured from the nasal passages of eight normal rabbits. bacillus bronchisepticus was associated with bacter ... | 1924 | 19868888 |
| the epidemiology of a rabbit respiratory infection : iii. nasal flora of laboratory rabbits. | the bacteria constituting the nasal flora of rabbits at the rockefeller institute may be enumerated as follows in the order of their frequency: (1) micrococcus catarrhalis group, 80 per cent; (2) bacterium lepisepticum, 70 per cent; (3) gram-negative cocci which ferment dextrose, lactose, saccharose, maltose, and mannite, but not salicin and bacillus bronchisepticus, 40 per cent; (4) staphylococci, streptococci, and various intestinal bacilli which probably are localized at the external nares, 1 ... | 1924 | 19868889 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a kidney-pancreas transplant patient after exposure to recently vaccinated dogs. | bordetella bronchiseptica is an uncommon cause of respiratory infection in humans generally occurring in immunocompromised individuals exposed to infected animals. a 61-year-old female underwent a kidney-pancreas transplant 7 years before presentation. postoperative immunosuppression was achieved with sirolimus and mycophenolate mofetil. the patient was doing well until she developed a small bowel obstruction secondary to adhesions. she underwent surgical adhesiolysis without complications. two ... | 2010 | 19874567 |
| utilization of an unstable plasmid and the i-scei endonuclease to generate routine markerless deletion mutants in francisella tularensis. | we engineered an efficient system to make francisella tularensis deletion mutations using an unstable, poorly maintained plasmid to enhance the likelihood of homologous recombination. for counterselection, we adapted a strategy using i-scei, which causes a double-stranded break in the integrated suicide vector, forcing a second recombination to mediate allelic replacement. | 2010 | 19879904 |
| utilization of an unstable plasmid and the i-scei endonuclease to generate routine markerless deletion mutants in francisella tularensis. | we engineered an efficient system to make francisella tularensis deletion mutations using an unstable, poorly maintained plasmid to enhance the likelihood of homologous recombination. for counterselection, we adapted a strategy using i-scei, which causes a double-stranded break in the integrated suicide vector, forcing a second recombination to mediate allelic replacement. | 2010 | 19879904 |
| characterization of a key neutralizing epitope on pertussis toxin recognized by monoclonal antibody 1b7. | despite more than five decades of research and vaccination, infection by bordetella pertussis remains a serious disease with no specific treatments or validated correlates of protective immunity. of the numerous monoclonal antibodies binding pertussis toxin (ptx) that have been produced and characterized, murine igg2a monoclonal antibody 1b7 is uniquely neutralizing in all in vitro assays and in vivo murine models of infection. 1b7 binds an epitope on the enzymatically active s1 subunit of ptx ( ... | 2009 | 19899804 |
| precarious balance: th17 cells in host defense. | lineage-specific responses from the effector t-cell repertoire form a critical component of adaptive immunity. the recent identification of th17 cells-a third, distinct lineage of helper t cells-collapses the long-accepted paradigm in which th1 and th2 cells distinctly mediate cellular and humoral immunity, respectively. in this minireview, we discuss the involvement of the th17 lineage during infection by extracellular bacteria, intracellular bacteria, and fungi. emerging trends suggest that th ... | 2009 | 19901061 |
| precarious balance: th17 cells in host defense. | lineage-specific responses from the effector t-cell repertoire form a critical component of adaptive immunity. the recent identification of th17 cells-a third, distinct lineage of helper t cells-collapses the long-accepted paradigm in which th1 and th2 cells distinctly mediate cellular and humoral immunity, respectively. in this minireview, we discuss the involvement of the th17 lineage during infection by extracellular bacteria, intracellular bacteria, and fungi. emerging trends suggest that th ... | 2009 | 19901061 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica peritonitis -- beware of the dog! | 2009 | 19910569 | |
| characterisation of ceftiofur resistance in swine bacterial pathogens. | a pcr based method was developed for the identification of ceftiofur resistance genes (bla(cmy-2), bla(tem-1), and ampc) in swine bacterial pathogens. using this method, the ceftiofur resistant (n=76) and susceptible (n=45) strains of bordetella bronchiseptica, salmonella spp., escherichia coli, and pasteurella multocida were screened for the presence of these three genes. the resistant genes were detected in 70% (bla(tem-1)), 68% (bla(cmy-2)) and 45% (ampc) of the resistant isolates and in 18% ... | 2011 | 19914850 |
| novel insights about class 2 integrons from experimental and genomic epidemiology. | in order to contribute to the knowledge of the architecture and epidemiology of class 2 integrons, we performed a class 2 integron molecular survey in which we analyzed 726 isolates in two bacterial populations from environmental and nonepidemiologically related clinical samples, respectively, collected from 1982 to 2007. we recovered the inti2 gene from 130 of 726 isolates, most of which were clinical isolates, and only 1 (a psychrophilic pseudomonas sp.) was from a water sample. unlike the wid ... | 2010 | 19917745 |
| novel insights about class 2 integrons from experimental and genomic epidemiology. | in order to contribute to the knowledge of the architecture and epidemiology of class 2 integrons, we performed a class 2 integron molecular survey in which we analyzed 726 isolates in two bacterial populations from environmental and nonepidemiologically related clinical samples, respectively, collected from 1982 to 2007. we recovered the inti2 gene from 130 of 726 isolates, most of which were clinical isolates, and only 1 (a psychrophilic pseudomonas sp.) was from a water sample. unlike the wid ... | 2010 | 19917745 |
| expression of beta-defensins in the canine respiratory tract and antimicrobial activity against bordetella bronchiseptica. | beta-defensins are cationic peptides which form part of the innate immune response of the respiratory epithelium. due to their antimicrobial properties and immunostimulatory activity, beta-defensins are potential tools for the treatment and prevention of respiratory disease. in dogs, infectious respiratory disease is a common problem, particularly in housed animals. this study aimed to assess the presence of four beta-defensins in the canine respiratory tract and to use quantitative real-time pc ... | 2010 | 19931188 |
| characterization of the isophthalate degradation genes of comamonas sp. strain e6. | the isophthalate (ipa) degradation gene cluster (iphacbdr) responsible for the conversion of ipa into protocatechuate (pca) was isolated from comamonas sp. strain e6, which utilizes phthalate isomers as sole carbon and energy sources via the pca 4,5-cleavage pathway. based on amino acid sequence similarity, the ipha, iphc, iphb, iphd, and iphr genes were predicted to code for an oxygenase component of ipa dioxygenase (ipado), a periplasmic ipa binding receptor, a 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadiene ... | 2010 | 19933340 |
| characterization of the isophthalate degradation genes of comamonas sp. strain e6. | the isophthalate (ipa) degradation gene cluster (iphacbdr) responsible for the conversion of ipa into protocatechuate (pca) was isolated from comamonas sp. strain e6, which utilizes phthalate isomers as sole carbon and energy sources via the pca 4,5-cleavage pathway. based on amino acid sequence similarity, the ipha, iphc, iphb, iphd, and iphr genes were predicted to code for an oxygenase component of ipa dioxygenase (ipado), a periplasmic ipa binding receptor, a 1,2-dihydroxy-3,5-cyclohexadiene ... | 2010 | 19933340 |
| inactivation of burkholderia cepacia complex phage ks9 gp41 identifies the phage repressor and generates lytic virions. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is made up of at least 17 species of gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogens that cause fatal infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. ks9 (vb_bcens_ks9), one of a number of temperate phages isolated from bcc species, is a prophage of burkholderia pyrrocinia lmg 21824. transmission electron micrographs indicate that ks9 belongs to the family siphoviridae and exhibits the b1 morphotype. the 39,896-bp ks9 genome, ... | 2010 | 19939932 |
| inactivation of burkholderia cepacia complex phage ks9 gp41 identifies the phage repressor and generates lytic virions. | the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc) is made up of at least 17 species of gram-negative opportunistic bacterial pathogens that cause fatal infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. ks9 (vb_bcens_ks9), one of a number of temperate phages isolated from bcc species, is a prophage of burkholderia pyrrocinia lmg 21824. transmission electron micrographs indicate that ks9 belongs to the family siphoviridae and exhibits the b1 morphotype. the 39,896-bp ks9 genome, ... | 2010 | 19939932 |
| biological diversity of prokaryotic type iv secretion systems. | type iv secretion systems (t4ss) translocate dna and protein substrates across prokaryotic cell envelopes generally by a mechanism requiring direct contact with a target cell. three types of t4ss have been described: (i) conjugation systems, operationally defined as machines that translocate dna substrates intercellularly by a contact-dependent process; (ii) effector translocator systems, functioning to deliver proteins or other macromolecules to eukaryotic target cells; and (iii) dna release/up ... | 2009 | 19946141 |
| bacterial competition: surviving and thriving in the microbial jungle. | most natural environments harbour a stunningly diverse collection of microbial species. in these communities, bacteria compete with their neighbours for space and resources. laboratory experiments with pure and mixed cultures have revealed many active mechanisms by which bacteria can impair or kill other microorganisms. in addition, a growing body of theoretical and experimental population studies indicates that the interactions within and between bacterial species can have a profound impact on ... | 2010 | 19946288 |
| bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia in a man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a case report. | bordetella bronchiseptica can be a cause of virulent pneumonia in humans with impaired immune systems. few cases have been reported in the medical literature where bordetella bronchiseptica has been the only pathogen isolated during a course of interstitial pneumonia. | 2009 | 19946552 |
| novel calicivirus identified in rabbits, michigan, usa. | we report a disease outbreak in a michigan rabbitry of a rabbit calicivirus distinct from the foreign animal disease agent, rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv). the novel virus has been designated michigan rabbit calicivirus (mrcv). caliciviruses of the lagovirus genus other than rhdv have not been described in us rabbit populations. the case-fatality rate was 32.5% (65/200). clinical signs included hemorrhage and sudden death, with hepatic necrosis. analysis of viral rna sequence from >95% ... | 2009 | 19961675 |
| comparative transcriptional and translational analysis of leptospiral outer membrane protein expression in response to temperature. | leptospirosis is a global zoonosis affecting millions of people annually. transcriptional changes in response to temperature were previously investigated using microarrays to identify genes potentially expressed upon host entry. past studies found that various leptospiral outer membrane proteins are differentially expressed at different temperatures. however, our microarray studies highlighted a divergence between protein abundance and transcript levels for some proteins. given the abundance of ... | 2009 | 19997626 |
| expression of bfrh, a putative siderophore receptor of bordetella bronchiseptica, is regulated by iron, fur1, and the extracellular function sigma factor ecfi. | iron (fe) in soluble elemental form is found in the tissues and fluids of animals at concentrations insufficient for sustaining growth of bacteria. consequently, to promote colonization and persistence, pathogenic bacteria evolved a myriad of scavenging mechanisms to acquire fe from the host. bordetella bronchiseptica, the etiologic agent of upper respiratory infections in a wide range of mammalian hosts, expresses a number of proteins for acquisition of fe. using proteomic and genomic approache ... | 2010 | 20008538 |
| rapid reprogramming of haemoglobin structure-function exposes multiple dual-antimicrobial potencies. | the intrinsic cytotoxicity of cell-free haemoglobin (hb) has hampered the development of reliable hb-based blood substitutes for over seven decades. notably, recent evidence shows that the hb deploys this cytotoxic attack against invading microbes, albeit, through an unknown mechanism. here, we unraveled a rapid molecular reprogramming of the hb structure-function triggered by virulent haemolytic pathogens that feed on the haem-iron. on direct contact with the microbe, the hb unveils its latent ... | 2010 | 20019665 |
| rapid reprogramming of haemoglobin structure-function exposes multiple dual-antimicrobial potencies. | the intrinsic cytotoxicity of cell-free haemoglobin (hb) has hampered the development of reliable hb-based blood substitutes for over seven decades. notably, recent evidence shows that the hb deploys this cytotoxic attack against invading microbes, albeit, through an unknown mechanism. here, we unraveled a rapid molecular reprogramming of the hb structure-function triggered by virulent haemolytic pathogens that feed on the haem-iron. on direct contact with the microbe, the hb unveils its latent ... | 2010 | 20019665 |
| genetic tools for the investigation of roseobacter clade bacteria. | the roseobacter clade represents one of the most abundant, metabolically versatile and ecologically important bacterial groups found in marine habitats. a detailed molecular investigation of the regulatory and metabolic networks of these organisms is currently limited for many strains by missing suitable genetic tools. | 2009 | 20021642 |
| rhizobium leguminosarum hupe encodes a nickel transporter required for hydrogenase activity. | synthesis of the hydrogen uptake (hup) system in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae requires the function of an 18-gene cluster (hupslcdefghijk-hypabfcdex). among them, the hupe gene encodes a protein showing six transmembrane domains for which a potential role as a nickel permease has been proposed. in this paper, we further characterize the nickel transport capacity of hupe and that of the translated product of hupe2, a hydrogenase-unlinked gene identified in the r. leguminosarum genome. hupe2 ... | 2010 | 20023036 |
| rhizobium leguminosarum hupe encodes a nickel transporter required for hydrogenase activity. | synthesis of the hydrogen uptake (hup) system in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae requires the function of an 18-gene cluster (hupslcdefghijk-hypabfcdex). among them, the hupe gene encodes a protein showing six transmembrane domains for which a potential role as a nickel permease has been proposed. in this paper, we further characterize the nickel transport capacity of hupe and that of the translated product of hupe2, a hydrogenase-unlinked gene identified in the r. leguminosarum genome. hupe2 ... | 2010 | 20023036 |
| simultaneous analysis of the nasal shedding kinetics of field and vaccine strains of bordetella bronchiseptica. | groups of four two-week-old puppies were administered serial dilutions of an intranasal vaccine containing live bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus vaccine and housed individually in isolator cages. three vaccinated groups and one unvaccinated control group were exposed to virulent b bronchiseptica four weeks after vaccination and evaluated. nasal swabs for bacterial culture and sera for agglutination tests were taken from all the dogs every week for four weeks. the bacteria ... | 2009 | 20023279 |
| phosphoglucomutase of yersinia pestis is required for autoaggregation and polymyxin b resistance. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, autoaggregates within a few minutes of cessation of shaking when grown at 28 degrees c. to identify the autoaggregation factor of y. pestis, we performed mariner-based transposon mutagenesis. autoaggregation-defective mutants from three different pools were identified, each with a transposon insertion at a different position within the gene encoding phosphoglucomutase (pgma; y1258). targeted deletion of pgma in y. pestis kim5 also resulted in loss ... | 2010 | 20028810 |
| phosphoglucomutase of yersinia pestis is required for autoaggregation and polymyxin b resistance. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, autoaggregates within a few minutes of cessation of shaking when grown at 28 degrees c. to identify the autoaggregation factor of y. pestis, we performed mariner-based transposon mutagenesis. autoaggregation-defective mutants from three different pools were identified, each with a transposon insertion at a different position within the gene encoding phosphoglucomutase (pgma; y1258). targeted deletion of pgma in y. pestis kim5 also resulted in loss ... | 2010 | 20028810 |
| oral administration of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan to dogs temporally changes total and antigen-specific iga and igm. | the effect of oral administration of beta-1,3/1,6-glucans from saccharomyces cerevisiae on humoral immunity in domestic dogs is not known. in this study, 15 beagle dogs were orally given macrogard tablets, which contain 150 mg of this beta-glucan, daily for 4 weeks. at the end of this period, the total serum immunoglobulin a (iga) level decreased significantly in the group treated with the glucan compared to that in the control group as well as compared to the concentrations before supplementati ... | 2010 | 20032218 |
| oral administration of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan to dogs temporally changes total and antigen-specific iga and igm. | the effect of oral administration of beta-1,3/1,6-glucans from saccharomyces cerevisiae on humoral immunity in domestic dogs is not known. in this study, 15 beagle dogs were orally given macrogard tablets, which contain 150 mg of this beta-glucan, daily for 4 weeks. at the end of this period, the total serum immunoglobulin a (iga) level decreased significantly in the group treated with the glucan compared to that in the control group as well as compared to the concentrations before supplementati ... | 2010 | 20032218 |
| efficacy of rifampin and its combinations with imipenem, sulbactam, and colistin in experimental models of infection caused by imipenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii. | there are currently no defined optimal therapies available for multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii infections. we evaluated the efficacy of rifampin, imipenem, sulbactam, colistin, and their combinations against mdr a. baumannii in experimental pneumonia and meningitis models. the bactericidal in vitro activities of rifampin, imipenem, sulbactam, colistin, and their combinations were tested using time-kill curves. murine pneumonia and rabbit meningitis models were evaluated using t ... | 2010 | 20047914 |
| assessing the quality of whole genome alignments in bacteria. | comparing genomes is an essential preliminary step to solve many problems in biology. matching long similar segments between two genomes is a precondition for their evolutionary, genetic, and genome rearrangement analyses. though various comparison methods have been developed in recent years, a quantitative assessment of their performance is lacking. here, we describe two families of assessment measures whose purpose is to evaluate bacteria-oriented comparison tools. the first measure is based o ... | 2009 | 20049164 |
| structural determinants of substrate recognition in the had superfamily member d-glycero-d-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (gmhb) . | the haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase (had) enzyme superfamily is the largest family of phosphohydrolases. in had members, the structural elements that provide the binding interactions that support substrate specificity are separated from those that orchestrate catalysis. for most had phosphatases, a cap domain functions in substrate recognition. however, for the had phosphatases that lack a cap domain, an alternate strategy for substrate selection must be operative. one such had phosphatase, gmhb ... | 2010 | 20050614 |
| divergence of biochemical function in the had superfamily: d-glycero-d-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (gmhb). | d-glycero-d-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase (gmhb) is a member of the histidinol-phosphate phosphatase (hisb) subfamily of the haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase (had) enzyme superfamily. gmhb supports two divergent biochemical pathways in bacteria: the d-glycero-d-manno-heptose-1alpha-gdp pathway (in s-layer glycoprotein biosynthesis) and the l-glycero-d-manno-heptose-1beta-adp pathway (in lipid a biosynthesis). herein, we report the comparative analysis of substrate recognition in selec ... | 2010 | 20050615 |
| high-throughput identification of bacteria and yeast by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry in conventional medical microbiology laboratories. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is suitable for high-throughput and rapid diagnostics at low costs and can be considered an alternative for conventional biochemical and molecular identification systems in a conventional microbiological laboratory. first, we evaluated maldi-tof ms using 327 clinical isolates previously cultured from patient materials and identified by conventional techniques (vitek-ii, api, and biochemical tests). discre ... | 2010 | 20053859 |
| duplex real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assays for rapid detection and identification of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 and seasonal influenza a/h1, a/h3, and b viruses. | reports of a novel influenza virus type a (h1n1), now designated by the world health organization as pandemic (h1n1) 2009, emerged from the united states and mexico in april 2009. the management of the pandemic in australia required rapid and reliable testing of large numbers of specimens for the novel influenza strain and differentiation from seasonal influenza strains. a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) assay for the detection of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 was designed and used with exis ... | 2010 | 20071557 |
| neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin expresses antimicrobial activity by interfering with l-norepinephrine-mediated bacterial iron acquisition. | l-norepinephrine (ne) is a neuroendocrine catecholamine that supports bacterial growth by mobilizing iron from a primary source such as holotransferrin to increase its bioavailability for cellular uptake. iron complexes of ne resemble those of bacterial siderophores that are scavenged by human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ngal) as part of the innate immune defense. here, we show that ngal binds iron-complexed ne, indicating physiological relevance for both bacterial and human iron ... | 2010 | 20086155 |
| swarming motility, secretion of type 3 effectors and biofilm formation phenotypes exhibited within a large cohort of pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic gram-negative pathogen capable of acutely infecting or persistently colonizing susceptible hosts. p. aeruginosa colonizes surfaces in vitro by either biofilm formation or swarming motility. the choice of behaviour is influenced by the physical properties of the surface and specific nutrient availability, and subject to regulatory networks that also govern type 2 and type 3 protein secretion. biofilm formation by clinical isolates has been well-studied. ... | 2010 | 20093376 |
| measuring antimicrobial peptide activity on epithelial surfaces in cell culture. | to more accurately assess the activity and role of epithelial cell-derived antimicrobial peptides in their native settings, it is essential to perform assays at the surfaces under relevant conditions. in order to carry this out, we utilize three-dimensional cultures of airway and gingival epithelium, which are grown at an air-liquid interface. under these conditions, the cultures can be subjected to challenge with a variety of factors known to cause an increase in antimicrobial peptide gene expr ... | 2010 | 20094876 |
| sites inferred by metabolic background assertion labeling (simbal): adapting the partial phylogenetic profiling algorithm to scan sequences for signatures that predict protein function. | comparative genomics methods such as phylogenetic profiling can mine powerful inferences from inherently noisy biological data sets. we introduce sites inferred by metabolic background assertion labeling (simbal), a method that applies the partial phylogenetic profiling (ppp) approach locally within a protein sequence to discover short sequence signatures associated with functional sites. the approach is based on the basic scoring mechanism employed by ppp, namely the use of binomial distributio ... | 2010 | 20102603 |
| escherichia coli toxin/antitoxin pair mqsr/mqsa regulate toxin cspd. | previously we identified that the escherichia coli protein mqsr (ygiu) functions as a toxin and that it is involved in the regulation of motility by quorum sensing signal autoinducer-2 (ai-2). furthermore, mqsr is directly associated with biofilm development and is linked to the development of persister cells. here we show that mqsr and mqsa (ygit) are a toxin/antitoxin (ta) pair, which, in significant difference to other ta pairs, regulates additional loci besides its own. we have recently iden ... | 2010 | 20105222 |
| coincorporation of lpxl1 and pagl mutant lipopolysaccharides into liposomes with neisseria meningitidis opacity protein: influence on endotoxic and adjuvant activity. | wild-type lipopolysaccharide (lps) of neisseria meningitidis normally contains six acyl chains. penta-acylated lps forms were generated through inactivation of the lpxl1 gene or through the expression of the bordetella bronchiseptica pagl gene in n. meningitidis. the resulting lps species, designated lpxl1 lps and pagl lps, respectively, display reduced endotoxic activity compared to wild-type lps. here, we determined the adjuvant potential of pagl lps by comparison with the broadly used lpxl1 l ... | 2010 | 20107001 |
| dose response of attenuated bordetella pertussis bpze1-induced protection in mice. | despite the availability of efficacious vaccines, the incidence of whooping cough is still high in many countries and is even increasing in countries with high vaccine coverage. most severe and life-threatening pertussis cases occur in infants who are too young to be sufficiently protected by current vaccine regimens. as a potential solution to this problem, we have developed an attenuated live bordetella pertussis vaccine strain, named bpze1. here, we show that after a single administration, bp ... | 2010 | 20107007 |
| nosocomial outbreak of serious canine infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) caused by canine herpesvirus infection. | canine herpesvirus (chv; canid herpesvirus 1) is principally a perinatal pathogen of pregnant bitches and newborn pups and secondarily a respiratory tract pathogen of older pups and dogs. infectious disease of the canine respiratory tract frequently occurs among dogs in groups, in which it is called " infectious tracheobronchitis" (itb). mortality from itb is generally negligible, and the clinical importance of chv as an itb pathogen is considered to be low. the present report describes a novel ... | 2010 | 20107103 |
| proteomic analysis of iron acquisition, metabolic and regulatory responses of yersinia pestis to iron starvation. | the gram-negative bacterium yersinia pestis is the causative agent of the bubonic plague. efficient iron acquisition systems are critical to the ability of y. pestis to infect, spread and grow in mammalian hosts, because iron is sequestered and is considered part of the innate host immune defence against invading pathogens. we used a proteomic approach to determine expression changes of iron uptake systems and intracellular consequences of iron deficiency in the y. pestis strain kim6+ at two phy ... | 2010 | 20113483 |
| method of feed presentation affects the growth of mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | the animal welfare regulations, which define legal requirements for the care and use of gerbils in research and testing, and the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals describe feeding practices for several species of rodents but not mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). to investigate whether the method of feed presentation affected reproduction and growth of gerbils, we compared the reproductive performance and rate of growth of gerbils fed on the cage floor, by hopper (j-feeder ... | 2010 | 20122314 |
| suppurative adenitis of preputial glands associated with corynebacterium mastitidis infection in mice. | suppuration of the preputial gland in mice occurs as a septic complication of fight wounds around the external genitalia. currently reported bacterial isolates from these lesions are limited to staphylococcus aureus, pasteurella pneumotropica, and klebsiella oxytoca. in the context of a pilot experiment aimed at defining the aging phenotype of estrogen receptor beta knockout (berko) mice, 2 male mice (1 of the berko line and the other from the age- and sex-matched wild-type control group) were d ... | 2010 | 20122320 |
| biofilm dispersal: mechanisms, clinical implications, and potential therapeutic uses. | like all sessile organisms, surface-attached communities of bacteria known as biofilms must release and disperse cells into the environment to colonize new sites. for many pathogenic bacteria, biofilm dispersal plays an important role in the transmission of bacteria from environmental reservoirs to human hosts, in horizontal and vertical cross-host transmission, and in the exacerbation and spread of infection within a host. the molecular mechanisms of bacterial biofilm dispersal are only beginni ... | 2010 | 20139339 |
| two-component signaling circuit structure and properties. | various modeling and experimental studies have analyzed the reactions, interconnections, and motifs in two-component systems, with an eye toward understanding their physiological implications and the differences between alternative designs. examples where recent progress has been made include aspects of autoregulation, signal integration in branched pathways, cross-talk suppression, and cross-regulation via connector proteins. | 2010 | 20149717 |
| perturbations in cytokine gene expression after inoculation of c57bl/6 mice with pasteurella pneumotropica. | pasteurella pneumotropica can cause inflammation and abscess formation in a variety of tissues. most commonly, p. pneumotropica produces clinical disease in immunodeficient mice or those concurrently infected with other pathogens. because clinical disease is infrequent in immunocompetent mice harboring p. pneumotropica, some scientists consider it an opportunistic pathogen with little clinical relevance to biomedical research. however, other infectious agents, including mouse parvoviruses, mouse ... | 2010 | 20158944 |
| algk is a tpr-containing protein and the periplasmic component of a novel exopolysaccharide secretin. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa causes chronic biofilm infections in cystic fibrosis patients. during colonization of the lung, p. aeruginosa converts to a mucoid phenotype characterized by overproduction of the exopolysaccharide alginate. here we show that algk, a protein essential for production of high molecular weight alginate, is an outer membrane lipoprotein that contributes to the correct localization of the porin alge. our 2.5 a structure shows algk is composed of 9.5 t ... | 2010 | 20159471 |
| plunc is a novel airway surfactant protein with anti-biofilm activity. | the plunc ("palate, lung, nasal epithelium clone") protein is an abundant secretory product of epithelia present throughout the conducting airways of humans and other mammals, which is evolutionarily related to the lipid transfer/lipopolysaccharide binding protein (lt/lbp) family. two members of this family--the bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (bpi) and the lipopolysaccharide binding protein (lbp)--are innate immune molecules with recognized roles in sensing and responding to gram n ... | 2010 | 20161732 |
| cross-species protection mediated by a bordetella bronchiseptica strain lacking antigenic homologs present in acellular pertussis vaccines. | the bordetella species are gram-negative bacterial pathogens that are characterized by long-term colonization of the mammalian respiratory tract and are causative agents of respiratory diseases in humans and animals. despite widespread and efficient vaccination, there has been a world-wide resurgence of pertussis, which remains the leading cause of vaccine-preventable death in developed countries. it has been proposed that current acellular vaccines (pa) composed of only a few bacterial proteins ... | 2010 | 20176797 |
| novel duplex real-time pcr assay detects bordetella holmesii in specimens from patients with pertussis-like symptoms in ontario, canada. | bordetella holmesii is a human pathogen found mainly in immunocompromised patients. a specific real-time pcr assay was developed and successfully used to identify specimens from which b. holmesii was misidentified as bordetella pertussis and to establish the prevalence of b. holmesii in ontario patients with pertussis-like symptoms. | 2010 | 20181919 |
| genome dynamics of bartonella grahamii in micro-populations of woodland rodents. | rodents represent a high-risk reservoir for the emergence of new human pathogens. the recent completion of the 2.3 mb genome of bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent blood-borne bacteria in wild rodents, revealed a higher abundance of genes for host-cell interaction systems than in the genomes of closely related human pathogens. the sequence variability within the global b. grahamii population was recently investigated by multi locus sequence typing, but no study on the variability of p ... | 2010 | 20202191 |
| influenza a pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus infection in domestic cat. | influenza a pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus continues to rapidly spread worldwide. in 2009, pandemic (h1n1) 2009 infection in a domestic cat from iowa was diagnosed by a novel pcr assay that distinguishes between eurasian and north american pandemic (h1n1) 2009 virus matrix genes. human-to-cat transmission is presumed. | 2010 | 20202440 |
| synergistic effects between conventional antibiotics and 2-aminoimidazole-derived antibiofilm agents. | 2-aminoimidazoles are an emerging class of small molecules that possess the ability to inhibit and disperse biofilms across bacterial order, class, and phylum. herein, we report the synergistic effect between a 2-aminoimidazole/triazole conjugate and antibiotics toward dispersing preestablished biofilms, culminating with a 3-orders-of-magnitude increase of biofilm dispersion toward staphylococcus aureus biofilms. furthermore, we document that the 2-aminoimidazole/triazole conjugate will also res ... | 2010 | 20211901 |
| mosaic structure of intragenic repetitive elements in histone h1-like protein hc2 varies within serovars of chlamydia trachomatis. | the histone-like protein hc2 binds dna in chlamydia trachomatis and is known to vary in size between 165 and 237 amino acids, which is caused by different numbers of lysine-rich pentamers. a more complex structure was seen in this study when sequences from 378 specimens covering the hctb gene, which encodes hc2, were compared. | 2010 | 20236532 |
| rhamnolipids: diversity of structures, microbial origins and roles. | rhamnolipids are glycolipidic biosurfactants produced by various bacterial species. they were initially found as exoproducts of the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa and described as a mixture of four congeners: alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (rha-rha-c(10)-c(10)), alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate (rha-rha-c(10)), as well as their mono-rhamnolipid congeners rha-c(10)-c(10) and rha-c(10). ... | 2010 | 20336292 |
| the legionella pneumophila leta/lets two-component system exhibits rheostat-like behavior. | when confronted with metabolic stress, replicative legionella pneumophila bacteria convert to resilient, infectious cells equipped for transmission. differentiation is promoted by the leta/lets two-component system, which belongs to a family of signal-transducing proteins that employ a four-step phosphorelay to regulate gene expression. histidine 307 of lets was essential to switch on the transmission profile, but a threonine substitution at position 311 (t311m) suggested a rheostat-like functio ... | 2010 | 20351136 |
| clinical biochemistry parameters in c57bl/6j mice after blood collection from the submandibular vein and retroorbital plexus. | collection of blood from the submandibular vein allows simple and rapid processing of many animals without anesthesia and facilitates rapid recovery with no signs of pain and discomfort in the mice. here we compared the submandibular vein and retroorbital plexus blood collection methods, to determine the potential effect of the sampling technique on several clinical biochemistry parameters in c57bl/6j mice. we found statistically significant differences for 8 of the 9 biochemical parameters stud ... | 2010 | 20353696 |
| identification and differentiation of taylorella equigenitalis and taylorella asinigenitalis by lipopolysaccharide o-antigen serology using monoclonal antibodies. | lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis, and t. asinigenitalis were compared by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). lipopolysaccharide profiles of 11 t. equigenitalis strains were similar, but different from the profiles of 3 t. asinigenitalis strains, and the profiles of 2 t. asinigenitalis strains were similar to each other. the serological specificities of the lpss from these 14 strains were ... | 2010 | 20357953 |
| protective potential of an attenuated pasteurella multocida, which expresses only the n-terminal truncated fragment of p. multocida toxin. | pasteurella multocida serogroup d causes progressive atrophic rhinitis in pigs and produces a potent, intracellular, mitogenic toxin known as p. multocida toxin (pmt), which is encoded by the toxa gene. highly toxic to cells, pmt is a poor antigen and becomes more immunogenic after its native structure has been destroyed. previously, we found that the n-terminal fragment of pmt (n-pmt) can induce a strong immune response that is protective against wild-type challenge. here, an attenuated p. mult ... | 2010 | 20357954 |
| the changing microbial epidemiology in cystic fibrosis. | infection of the airways remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). this review describes salient features of the epidemiologies of microbial species that are involved in respiratory tract infection in cf. the apparently expanding spectrum of species causing infection in cf and recent changes in the incidences and prevalences of infection due to specific bacterial, fungal, and viral species are described. the challenges inherent in tracking and int ... | 2010 | 20375354 |
| improving draft assemblies by iterative mapping and assembly of short reads to eliminate gaps. | advances in sequencing technology allow genomes to be sequenced at vastly decreased costs. however, the assembled data frequently are highly fragmented with many gaps. we present a practical approach that uses illumina sequences to improve draft genome assemblies by aligning sequences against contig ends and performing local assemblies to produce gap-spanning contigs. the continuity of a draft genome can thus be substantially improved, often without the need to generate new data. | 2010 | 20388197 |
| review: toll-like receptors and nod-like receptors in pulmonary antibacterial immunity. | lung diseases caused by bacteria are a leading cause of death in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals as well as in children. although neutrophil recruitment is critical to augment the host defence, excessive neutrophil accumulation results in life-threatening diseases, such as acute lung injury (ali) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). therefore, it is important to modulate excessive neutrophil influx in ali/ards to mitigate lung damage and mortality. a better unde ... | 2010 | 20418253 |
| the scottish structural proteomics facility: targets, methods and outputs. | the scottish structural proteomics facility was funded to develop a laboratory scale approach to high throughput structure determination. the effort was successful in that over 40 structures were determined. these structures and the methods harnessed to obtain them are reported here. this report reflects on the value of automation but also on the continued requirement for a high degree of scientific and technical expertise. the efficiency of the process poses challenges to the current paradigm o ... | 2010 | 20419351 |