Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| detection of bacteroidales fecal indicators and the zoonotic pathogens e. coli 0157:h7, salmonella, and campylobacter in river water. | bacteroidales host-specific pcr offers a rapid method of diagnosing fecal pollution in water and identifying sources of input. to assess human health risks from exposure to fecal pathogens, however, bacteroidales markers should be detectable when pathogens are present. to determine if bacteroidales general, human-, ruminant-, and swine-specific markers correlate with certain fecal pathogens, we conducted a retrospective study on water samples for which the presence of e. coli o157:h7, salmonella ... | 2007 | 17410775 |
| porcine neonatal coccidiosis in quebec. | intestinal coccidiosis was diagnosed in 110 diarrheic piglets originating from 66 farrowing operations. these piglets had been submitted alive for necropsy early after the beginning of diarrhea, and the diagnosis of coccidiosis was based on the demonstration of coccidial forms in their jejunum by histopathological examination. enteropathogenic strains of escherichia coli were demonstrated in only nine of the 110 piglets while the transmissible gastroenteritis virus and rotavirus were each presen ... | 1982 | 17422160 |
| identification and characterization of the ntpase activity of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) expressed in bacteria. | the nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) of members of the family flaviviridae possesses multiple enzyme activities that are likely to be essential for viral replication. here, we cloned and expressed full-length csfv ns3 protein (ns3fl) and its n-terminal truncated version (ntns3) in e. coli. ntpase activities of the purified ns3fl and ntns3 proteins and their reaction conditions were investigated. the results showed that csfv ns3fl and ntns3 proteins contained a specific polynucleotide-stimulated ntp ... | 2007 | 17447110 |
| dna microarray-based identification of serogroups and virulence gene patterns of escherichia coli isolates associated with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease. | escherichia coli strains causing postweaning diarrhea (pwd) and edema disease (ed) in pigs are limited to a number of serogroups, with o8, o45, o138, o139, o141, o147, o149, and o157 being the most commonly reported worldwide. in this study, a dna microarray based on the o-antigen-specific genes of all 8 e. coli serogroups, as well as 11 genes encoding adhesion factors and exotoxins associated with pwd and ed, was developed for the identification of related serogroups and virulence gene patterns ... | 2007 | 17449692 |
| the non-o157 shiga-toxigenic (verocytotoxigenic) escherichia coli; under-rated pathogens. | following a brief review of the ecology of escherichia coli in general, the role of shiga-toxigenic (verocytotoxigenic) e. coli (stec) as pathogens is addressed. while stec belonging to the serogroup o157 have been extensively studied and shown to be involved in many cases and outbreaks of human disease, the importance of stec belonging to other serogroups has not been recognized as much. this review addresses the problems associated with these pathogens, demonstrating that increasing the awaren ... | 2007 | 17453930 |
| development and validation of a recombinant capsid protein-based elisa for detection of antibody to porcine circovirus type 2. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) has been recently associated with a number of disease syndromes, especially postweaning multisystemic wasting disease (pmws). herein, an alternative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of pcv2 antibody was developed using nuclear localization signal-truncated capsid protein of pcv2 produced in escherichia coli (cap elisa). this assay was validated by comparison with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (iif) and a pcv2-based elisa. th ... | 2008 | 17467754 |
| high-level prokaryotic expression of envelope exterior of membrane protein of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | the truncated fragment m' gene, encoding the exterior of the viral envelope protein of pedv, was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pgex-6p-1. the recombinant plasmid pgex-6p-m' was constructed and transformed into e. coli bl21(de3)plyss for expression. sds-page analysis showed recombinant truncated m' protein was highly expressed by pgex-6p-m' and the product fusion protein gst-m' reached 45% in the total bacteria proteins with the analysis of software alphaimager2200. the preliminary ... | 2007 | 17475420 |
| development of intracellular bacterial communities of uropathogenic escherichia coli depends on type 1 pili. | uropathogenic escherichia coli, the predominant causative agent of urinary tract infections, use type 1 pili to bind and invade bladder epithelial cells. upon entry, the bacteria rapidly replicate and enter a complex developmental pathway ultimately forming intracellular bacterial communities (ibcs), a niche with biofilm-like properties protected from innate defences and antibiotics. paradoxically, bacteria within ibcs produce type 1 pili, an organelle thought only to be an extracellular coloniz ... | 2007 | 17490405 |
| cardiovascular effects of levosimendan in the early stages of endotoxemia. | sepsis-associated myocardial depression is associated with calcium desensitization and adrenergic uncoupling. we conducted a prospective randomized investigation on the effects of the calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, on hemodynamics, myocardial blood flow, and myocardial lactate metabolism during porcine endotoxemia. twelve pigs were studied. oxygen consumption was measured by indirect calorimetry, and myocardial blood flow was measured by retrograde thermodilution. pulmonary, arterial, and ven ... | 2007 | 17510599 |
| regulation of the muscle-specific amp-activated protein kinase alpha2beta2gamma3 complexes by amp and implications of the mutations in the gamma3-subunit for the amp dependence of the enzyme. | the amp-activated protein kinase is an evolutionarily conserved heterotrimer that is important for metabolic sensing in all eukaryotes. the muscle-specific isoform of the regulatory gamma-subunit of the kinase, amp-activated protein kinase gamma3, has a key role in glucose and fat metabolism in skeletal muscle, as suggested by metabolic characterization of humans, pigs and mice harboring substitutions in the amp-binding bateman domains of gamma3. we demonstrate that amp-activated protein kinase ... | 2007 | 17518971 |
| rapid and widespread dissemination of multidrug-resistant blacmy-2 salmonella typhimurium in mexico. | we describe the emergence and dissemination of multidrug-resistant (mdr) salmonella typhimurium in humans, retail meat and food animals from yucatan, mexico. | 2007 | 17526503 |
| a survey of the microbiological quality of kangaroo carcasses processed for human consumption in two processing plants in queensland, australia. | an investigation of the microbiological quality of kangaroo carcasses at two queensland processing plants was carried out. a total of 836 whole muscle samples were taken, 801 from plant a and 35 from plant b. samples were analyzed for aerobic bacteria, escherichia coli, and salmonella. the mean adjusted aerobic plate count (apc) was 2.8 log cfu/g, and counts at the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles were 4.2, 4.9, and 6.4 log cfu/g, respectively. the maximum number of bacteria recovered was 6.5 lo ... | 2007 | 17536688 |
| risk factors for antimicrobial resistance among fecal escherichia coli from residents on forty-three swine farms. | fecal escherichia coli (n = 555) were isolated from 115 residents on 43 farrow-to-finish swine farms to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and associated risk factors. susceptibility to 21 antimicrobials was determined and the overall prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was 25.8%. pair-wise difference in prevalences of resistance to individual antimicrobials was significant between isolates from residents on farms that fed medicated swine rations compared to those that did n ... | 2007 | 17536936 |
| reliability of continuous pulse contour cardiac output measurement during hemodynamic instability. | arterial pulse contour analysis is gaining widespread acceptance as a monitor of continuous cardiac output (co). while this type of co measurement is thought to provide acceptable continuous measurements, only a few studies have tested its accuracy and repeatability under unstable hemodynamic conditions. we compared continuous co measurement using the pulse contour method (pcco) before and after calibration with intermittent transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output (tpco). | 2007 | 17541714 |
| effects of bacterial colonization on the porcine intestinal proteome. | the gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex community of bacteria, of which many may be beneficial. studies of germ-free animal models have shown that the gastrointestinal microbiota not only assists in making nutrients available for the host but also contributes to intestinal health and development. we studied small intestinal protein expression patterns in gnotobiotic pigs maintained germ-free, or monoassociated with either lactobacillus fermentum or non-pathogenic escherichia coli. a common ... | 2007 | 17542629 |
| different probiotic properties for lactobacillus fermentum strains isolated from swine and poultry. | systematic procedures were used to evaluate the probiotic properties of lactobacillus fermentum (l. fermentum) strains isolated from swine and poultry. the major properties included their capabilities to adhere to the intestinal epithelium of swine and poultry, the inhibition on pathogenic bacteria, and their tolerance to the gastric juice and bile salts. results showed that l. fermentum strains from poultry digestive tract showed better adherence to the swine intestine and chicken crop epitheli ... | 2007 | 17544731 |
| evaluation of two library-independent microbial source tracking methods to identify sources of fecal contamination in french estuaries. | in order to identify the origin of the fecal contamination observed in french estuaries, two library-independent microbial source tracking (mst) methods were selected: (i) bacteroidales host-specific 16s rrna gene markers and (ii) f-specific rna bacteriophage genotyping. the specificity of the bacteroidales markers was evaluated on human and animal (bovine, pig, sheep, and bird) feces. two human-specific markers (hf183 and hf134), one ruminant-specific marker (cf193'), and one pig-specific marke ... | 2007 | 17557850 |
| long-term changes in hepatobiliary physiology after roux-en-y hepaticojejunostomy. | hepaticojejunostomy (hj) is a common operation used to by-pass extrahepatic biliary obstructions and to establish biliary-enteric continuity after resections for benign and malignant diseases. little is known about the effect of this procedure on hepatobiliary physiology. the aim of the present study was to investigate in a swine model the changes in biliary dynamics, bile composition, and hepatic histology induced by roux-y hj. twenty-four swine (57 (47 to 76) kg) underwent cholecystectomy, wit ... | 2007 | 17574593 |
| contribution of multi-antimicrobial resistance to the population of antimicrobial resistant escherichia coli isolated from apparently healthy pigs in japan. | the aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of tetracycline usage in resistance rates against other antimicrobials. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out on 545 porcine escherichia coli isolates throughout japan. as the result of analyzing by regions, resistance rates against kanamycin, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim in the kanto/koshinetu district were higher than those in some other districts. high resistance rates against kanamycin or trimethoprim in oxytetracycline- ... | 2007 | 17579258 |
| testing of swine feces obtained through the national animal health monitoring system's swine 2000 study for the presence of escherichia coli o157:h7. | fecal samples collected from healthy pigs from 13 of the top 17 swine-producing states were tested for escherichia coli o157:h7 as part of the national animal health monitoring system swine 2000 study. serogroup o157 strains were isolated from 106 of 2,526 fecal samples. none of the isolates were positive by pcr for the flich7 (h7 flagellin) gene or for the hly933 (hemolysin) gene; however, one isolate was positive for the stxl gene (shiga toxin 1), an additional four isolates were positive for ... | 2007 | 17612081 |
| temporal dynamics and impact of manure storage on antibiotic resistance patterns and population structure of escherichia coli isolates from a commercial swine farm. | many confined-livestock farms store their wastes for several months prior to use as a fertilizer. storing manure for extended periods could significantly bias the composition of enteric bacterial populations subsequently released into the environment. here, we compared populations of escherichia coli isolated from fresh feces and from the manure-holding tank (stored manure) of a commercial swine farm, each sampled monthly for 6 months. the 4,668 confirmed e. coli isolates were evaluated for resi ... | 2007 | 17616622 |
| prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility in escherichia coli isolated from pigs reared under antimicrobial-free and conventional production methods. | to determine and compare levels and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among escherichia coli isolated from pigs on farms that did not use antimicrobial agents versus pigs produced under conventional methods. | 2007 | 17630898 |
| studies on haemolytic escherichia coli strains associated with oedema disease of swine. | 1959 | 17649159 | |
| enteritis of early weaned pigs: i. enteropathogenic escherichia coli. | 1964 | 17649534 | |
| characterization of polymorphisms of transferrin receptor and their association with susceptibility to etec f4ab/ac in pigs. | diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) expressing f4 (f4ab, f4ac and f4ad) fimbriae is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn and weaned pigs. the locus controlling susceptibility towards etec f4ab/ac has been mapped to ssc13q41, in which tfrc (transferrin receptor) was localized and considered as a positional candidate gene for etec f4ab/ac receptor. in this study, we determined susceptibility/resistance to etec f4ab/ac in a total of 755 f2 animals from a ... | 2007 | 17651325 |
| reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance in pet animals. | increasing amounts of antimicrobials are used in pets, including substances used in human medicine (in particular, broad-spectrum agents such as clavulante-potentiated aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones). there is evidence that resistance to antimicrobials is growing among bacteria causing infection in pets. these bacteria include staphylococcus intermedius and escherichia coli, as well as other organisms of clinical importance in humans, including methicillin-resistant staph ... | 2007 | 17683019 |
| influence of endotoxin-induced sepsis on the requirements of propofol-fentanyl infusion rate in pigs. | endotoxin-induced sepsis in pigs is a recognized experimental model for the study of human septic shock. generally, pigs are brought into general anaesthesia before sepsis is induced. it is our experience that drug dosages of propofol and fentanyl need to be reduced during endotoxin-induced sepsis, in order to prevent respiratory and cardiovascular depression, but the scientific evidence for this observation is lacking. therefore, we measured the consumption of propofol and fentanyl at equal lev ... | 2007 | 17697040 |
| the role of secondary structure in the entropically driven amelogenin self-assembly. | amelogenin, the major extracellular enamel matrix protein, plays critical roles in controlling enamel mineralization. this generally hydrophobic protein self-assembles to form nanosphere structures under certain solution conditions. to gain clearer insight into the mechanisms of amelogenin self-assembly, we first investigated the occurrences of secondary structures within its sequence. by applying isothermal titration calorimetry (itc), we determined the thermodynamic parameters associated with ... | 2007 | 17704165 |
| productivity improvement of recombinant escherichia coli fermentation via robust optimization. | a nonlinear model of a recombinant escherichia coli producing porcine growth hormone (pgh) fermentation was developed. the model was used to calculate a glucose feeding and temperature strategy to optimize the production of pgh. simulations showed that the implementation of optimal feed and temperature profiles was sensitive to the maximum specific growth rate, and a mismatch could result in excessive acetate production and a significant reduction in pgh yield. an optimization algorithm was thus ... | 2008 | 17717709 |
| dietary inclusion of colicin e1 is effective in preventing postweaning diarrhea caused by f18-positive escherichia coli in pigs. | with worldwide concern over the use of antibiotics in animal agriculture and their contribution to the spread of antibiotic resistance, alternatives to conventional antibiotics are needed. previous research in our laboratories has shown that colicin e1 is effective against some escherichia coli strains responsible for postweaning diarrhea (pwd) in vitro. in this study we examined the efficacy of the dietary inclusion of colicin e1 in preventing experimentally induced pwd caused by f18-positive e ... | 2007 | 17724148 |
| biochemical properties of an intracellular serpin from echinococcus multilocularis. | a serpin of the intracellular type from the tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis was expressed in escherichia coli, purified by ion exchange chromatography and tested for inhibitory activity against several proteinases. the recombinant protein, which after transcriptional induction, represents about 20 % of total cellular protein, is biochemically active and inhibits trypsin and the trypsin-like plasmin as well as pig pancreatic and human neutrophil elastase. implications regarding its biochemis ... | 2007 | 17727977 |
| the consequences of non-starch polysaccharide solubility and inclusion level on the health and performance of weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | the inclusion of insoluble nsp (insp) in weaner pig diets has been reported to decrease post-weaning colibacillosis (pwc). conversely, soluble nsp (snsp) have been shown to exacerbate pwc. the present study investigated the effect of nsp solubility and inclusion level on the health and performance of newly weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), using nsp sources known not to affect digesta viscosity, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial combination of nsp solubility (insp v. sn ... | 2008 | 17761008 |
| adult hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with urosepsis due to shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli o138:h-. | we report the case of a 62-year-old man without prodromal symptoms who developed a hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus) one week after the diagnosis of an acute bacteremic urinary infection (uti). in this patient, the e. coli isolated in blood cultures was a non-o157:h7 shigatoxin-producing strain that could subsequently be identified as o138:h-. this is a strain that is normally found in pigs and that has never been isolated in humans previously. uti-related hus is a rare event, as until now, only 1 ... | 2007 | 17763172 |
| enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis in the caudal small intestine is influenced by the composition of colonizing commensal bacteria in the neonatal gnotobiotic pig. | we previously reported marked differences in small intestinal morphology, including changes in crypt depth and villous height, after inoculation of germ-free pigs with different bacterial species. in an attempt to identify the mechanisms governing changes in villous morphology associated with bacterial colonization, 2 gnotobiotic experiments were performed. in each experiment, 16 piglets were allocated to 4 treatment groups including germ-free (gf), monoassociation with lactobacillus fermentum ( ... | 2007 | 17785595 |
| [analysis of genetic variations at m857 locus of the a1-fucosy- trans-ferase (fut1) orf in pigs]. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli f18 (etec f18) is the main pathogen that causes edema disease and post-weaning diarrhea in piglets, and a1-fucosytransferase (fut1) gene has been identified as a receptor gene encoding the receptor for etec f18 bacteria. in this study, the method of pcr-rflp was used to investigate the among 21 breeds including one wild boar breed and 20 western commercial and chinese native pig breeds (populations). the results showed that none of the individuals in all 21 breed ... | 2007 | 17855256 |
| molecular cloning and functional characterization of a histidine decarboxylase from staphylococcus capitis. | histamine intoxication is probably the best known toxicological problem of food-borne disease. a histamine-producing staphylococcus capitis strain has been isolated from a cured meat product. the aim of this study was to gain deeper insights into the genetic determinants for histamine production in staph. capitis. | 2008 | 17887985 |
| differences in virulence among escherichia coli o157:h7 strains isolated from humans during disease outbreaks and from healthy cattle. | escherichia coli o157:h7 causes life-threatening outbreaks of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans and significant economic loss in agriculture and could be a potential agent of bioterrorism. although the prevalence of e. coli o157:h7 in cattle and other species with which humans have frequent contact is high, human infections are relatively uncommon, despite a low infectious dose. a plausible explanation for the low disease incidence is the possibility that not ... | 2007 | 17890332 |
| the effect of feeding fermented liquid whey plus dextrose inoculated with specific lactic acid bacteria of pig origin to weanling pigs challenged with escherichia coli o149:k91:f4. | the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of using fermented liquid whey inoculated with specific lactic acid bacteria of pig origin to reduce the severity and progression of postweaning enterotoxigenic escherichia coli diarrhea in weanling pigs challenged with e. coli o149:k91:f4. based on two trials, it was determined that feeding inoculated fermented whey in a liquid diet did not affect growth performance or the severity or duration of postweaning diarrhea compared with a conv ... | 2007 | 17926306 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of escherichia coli from swine, horses, dogs and cats as determined in the bft-germvet monitoring program 2004-2006. | a total of 417 isolates of escherichia coli collected from five animal species/organ system combinations from swine [urinary/genital tract (ugt) incl. mastitis metritis agalactia syndrome], horses [genital tract (gt)] and dogs/cats [respiratory tract (rt), ugt and gastrointestinal tract (git)] were analysed quantitatively for their susceptibility against different antimicrobial agents by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations. regardless of which animal species the strains originated ... | 2007 | 17939454 |
| composition of intestinal enterobacteriaceae populations of healthy domestic pigs. | in this study, the enterobacteriaceae microbiota, including their diversity as well as the distribution of haemolytic and virulence gene-harbouring escherichia coli of 56-day-old healthy piglets, was characterized. both the composition and the diversity of enterobacteriaceae populations varied considerably between individual pigs and intestinal sections. e. coli, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae dominated the enterobacteriaceae microbiota. however, mucosa-asso ... | 2007 | 17975092 |
| the effect of intramuscular administration of colistin on the development and course of experimentally induced oedema disease in weaned piglets. | shiga-toxigenic e. coli (stec) strains that produce shiga toxin stx2e cause oedema disease in weaned piglets. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of stx2e released in mesenteric lymph nodes on disease pathogenesis. colistin and ampicillin were intramuscularly administered to piglets of the experimental group simultaneously challenged with stec strain, type o139:f18ab, stx2e+. piglets of the control group were challenged with stec only. the strain was naturally resistan ... | 2008 | 17977672 |
| effects of dna supercoiling and topoisomerases on the expression of genes coding for f165(1), a p-like fimbriae. | pathogenic escherichia coli 4787 (o115:kv165) causes septicemia in pigs and expresses the fimbriae f165(1) encoded by the foo operon that belongs to the p fimbrial family. fooi and foob, encoding specific foo regulators, are divergently transcribed; their intergenic region is responsible for the regulation of foo expression. the role of global and local supercoiling (transcription-induced supercoiling within the intergenic region) on the regulation of foo expression was investigated. expression ... | 2007 | 17986081 |
| escherichia coli stb toxin and colibacillosis: knowing is half the battle. | expression of both adherence and enterotoxin expression are required for enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains to cause colibacillosis. etec strains are responsible for diarrhea in humans and animals by production of various enterotoxins. for many years, the role of the heat-stable e. coli enterotoxin stb as a diarrhea-causing toxin in animals, and in particular in swine, has been controversial. in fact, although the presence of stb-positive e. coli strains and diarrhea in animals is f ... | 2008 | 17995951 |
| expression of the porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein subunits and application to an indirect elisa. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is considered to be associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), which is a newly emerged economically important swine disease. the entire coding region of open reading frame 2 (orf2), encoding the viral capsid protein (cap), of pcv2 was cloned and sequenced from the clinical specimen obtained from pmws-affected piglets. six recombinant subunits, a-f, spanning the defined regions of cap were produced by e. coli expression system and used as ... | 2008 | 17996970 |
| time- and dose-related regional fluxes of tissue-type plasminogen activator in anesthetized endotoxemic pigs. | acute endotoxinemia elicits an early fibrinolytic response. this study analyzes the effects of the dose and duration of endotoxin infusion on arterial levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tpa) and pulmonary, mesenteric and hepatic plasma tpa fluxes. | 2008 | 17999715 |
| molecular characterization of a novel type of prostamide/prostaglandin f synthase, belonging to the thioredoxin-like superfamily. | prostaglandin f (pgf) ethanolamide (prostamide f) synthase, which catalyzed the reduction of prostamide h(2) to prostamide f(2alpha), was found in mouse and swine brain. the enzyme was purified from swine brain, and its amino acid sequence was defined. the mouse enzyme consisted of a 603-bp open reading frame coding for a 201-amino acid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 21,669. the amino acid sequence placed the enzyme in the thioredoxin-like superfamily with cys(44) being the active site. ... | 2008 | 18006499 |
| evidence for neuromodulation of enteropathogen invasion in the intestinal mucosa. | the extensively innervated intestinal mucosa encompasses a vast surface exposed to an array of potentially infectious microorganisms. we investigated the role of enteric nerves in modulating intracellular internalization of a multidrug-resistant salmonella typhimurium dt104 field isolate in mucosa-submucosa sheets from the porcine ileum, a biomedical model for the human intestine. the effects of transmural electrical stimulation and drugs on intracellular internalization of salmonella over 90 mi ... | 2007 | 18040851 |
| effects of direct haemoperfusion through fibres immobilizing polymyxin b and nafamostat mesilate on endotoxaemia in conscious guinea-pigs. | 1. direct haemoperfusion through a network of fibres immobilizing polymyxin b (pmx-b) is used for the treatment of septic shock, but the mechanism underlying its clinical benefits remains unclear. the aims of the present study were to assess the actions of direct haemoperfusion through fibres immobilizing pmx-b (pmx-dhp) on the effects of exogenously administered endotoxin in conscious guinea-pigs and to examine the difference in the effects of heparin compared with nafamostat mesilate (nm) used ... | 2008 | 18047622 |
| gene cloning, expression, and functional characterization of an ornithine decarboxylase protein from serratia liquefaciens ifi65. | putrescine has a negative effect on health and is also used as an indicator of quality on meat products. we investigated the genes involved in putrescine production by serratia liquefaciens ifi65 isolated from a spoiled spanish dry-cured ham. we report here the genetic organization of its ornithine decarboxylase encoding region. the 5506-bp dna region showed the presence of three complete and two partial open reading frames. putative functions have been assigned to several gene products by seque ... | 2007 | 18050943 |
| [cloning and expression of f18 fimbrial operon gene clusters from enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and their bioactivity]. | the fed operon gene clusters with each size of 5.6kb, encoding the f18ab or f18ac fimbriae, was amplified respectively by high fidelity pcr using the genomic dna templates from f18 fimbriae e. coli strains 107/86 or 2134p. the pcr products with the restriction enzyme sites at each end were digested and then cloned into the vector pet-22b (+), the recombinant plamids with the inserts of both type of fed gene clusters were constructed and screened, further confirmed by the means of combination wit ... | 2007 | 18062250 |
| espfu, a type iii-translocated effector of actin assembly, fosters epithelial association and late-stage intestinal colonization by e. coli o157:h7. | enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 induces filamentous actin-rich 'pedestals' on intestinal epithelial cells. pedestal formation in vitro requires translocation of bacterial effectors into the host cell, including tir, an ehec receptor, and espf(u), which increases the efficiency of actin assembly initiated by tir. while inactivation of espf(u) does not alter colonization in two reservoir hosts, we utilized two disease models to explore the significance of espf(u)-promoted actin ... | 2008 | 18067584 |
| cdna cloning and overexpression of acidic ribosomal phosphoprotein p1 gene (rplp1) from the giant panda. | rplp1 is one of acidic ribosomal phosphoproteins encoded by rplp1 gene, which plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis. the cdna of rplp1 was cloned successfully for the first time from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) using rt-pcr technology, which was also sequenced, analyzed preliminarily and expressed in e.coli. the cdna fragment cloned is 449bp in size, containing an open reading frame of 344bp encoding 114 amino acids. alignment analysis indicated that th ... | 2007 | 18071584 |
| analysis of the aida-i gene sequence and prevalence in escherichia coli isolates from pigs with post-weaning diarrhoea and oedema disease. | three hundred and twenty-four strains of escherichia coli isolated from weaned pigs with diarrhoea or oedema disease in eastern china were screened by multiplex pcr for the presence of the gene encoding adhesin involved in diffuse adhesion i (aida-i). two aida-i positive strains were subjected to analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the complete orfa and orfb of the aida gene. the aida-i positive e. coli isolates were also assessed for five fimbriae (f4, f5, f6, f18 and f41) by monoclonal anti ... | 2009 | 18077196 |
| the bifunctional flavokinase/flavin adenine dinucleotide synthetase from streptomyces davawensis produces inactive flavin cofactors and is not involved in resistance to the antibiotic roseoflavin. | streptomyces davawensis synthesizes the antibiotic roseoflavin, one of the few known natural riboflavin analogs, and is roseoflavin resistant. it is thought that the endogenous flavokinase (ec 2.7.1.26)/flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad) synthetase (ec 2.7.7.2) activities of roseoflavin-sensitive organisms are responsible for the antibiotic effect of roseoflavin, producing the inactive cofactors roseoflavin-5'-monophosphate (rofmn) and roseoflavin adenine dinucleotide (rofad) from roseoflavin. to ... | 2008 | 18156273 |
| antibiotic resistance of commensal escherichia coli of food-producing animals from three vojvodinian farms, serbia. | commensal bacteria of food-producing animals are considered an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance. the aim of this study was to determine the current prevalence of resistance to 18 different antibiotics in animal commensal escherichia coli isolated from food-producing animals from three different farms with specific modes of antimicrobial use. a very high prevalence of resistance was found to tetracycline, a moderate level to streptomycin, ampicillin, cefalothin and nalidixic acid and ... | 2008 | 18162377 |
| effectiveness of glycerol mono-oleate as a biosealant. | the number of femoral artery catheterizations will increase over the next decade to more than 9 million worldwide. accordingly, a new era of access site management with vascular closure techniques utilizing biologics are being developed and implemented. glycerol mono-oleate (gmo) is one such biologic - a biodegradable compound that changes from a solid phase to a bioadhesive swollen semisolid phase when exposed to aqueous solutions and heat. we assessed whether gmo would: 1) achieve hemostasis m ... | 2008 | 18174616 |
| associations between feed and water antimicrobial use in farrow-to-finish swine herds and antimicrobial resistance of fecal escherichia coli from grow-finish pigs. | escherichia coli (n = 1439), isolated from the feces of apparently healthy grow-finish pigs in 20 herds, were tested for susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials. logistic regression models were developed for each resistance that was observed in more than 5% of the isolates. each production phase's (suckling, nursery, grow-finish pigs or sows) antimicrobial exposure rate, through feed or water, was considered as a risk factor. management variables were evaluated as potential confounders. six resistan ... | 2007 | 18184052 |
| cytosolic extract induces tir translocation and pedestals in epec-infected red blood cells. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) are deadly contaminants in water and food, and induce protrusion of actin-filled membranous pedestals beneath themselves upon attachment to intestinal epithelia. pedestal formation requires clustering of tir and subsequent recruitment of cellular tyrosine kinases including abl, arg, and etk as well as signaling molecules nck, n-wasp, and arp2/3 complex. we have developed a cytosolic extract-based cellular system that recapitulates actin pedestal formation ... | 2008 | 18208322 |
| effects of the administration of lactobacilli, maltodextrins and fructooligosaccharides upon the adhesion of e. coli o8:k88 to the intestinal mucosa and organic acid levels in the gut contents of piglets. | the influence of the administration of lactobacillus plantarum, maltodextrin maldex 150 and raftifeed ipx fructooligosaccharides on the inhibition of adhesion of e. coli o8:k88 to the mucosa of the jejunum, ileum and colon as well as on the organic acid levels was investigated in 33 conventional piglets. the counts of e. coli k88 adhering to the jejunal mucosa were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in lact. plantarum + maldex 150 and lact. plantarum + maldex 150 + raftifeed ipx groups. the coun ... | 2007 | 18217248 |
| effect of antimicrobial dosage regimen on salmonella and escherichia coli isolates from feeder swine. | a body of evidence exists that suggests that antimicrobial use in food animals leads to resistance in both pathogenic and commensal bacteria. this study focused on the impact of three different antimicrobial regimes (low-level continuous, pulse, and no antimicrobial) for two antimicrobials (chlortetracycline and tylosin) on the presence of salmonella spp. and on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of both salmonella spp. and nonspecific escherichia coli in fecal samples from feeder swine. ... | 2008 | 18223115 |
| a survey of the microbiological quality of feral pig carcasses processed for human consumption in queensland, australia. | an investigation of the microbiological quality of 217 feral pig carcasses at a queensland wild game processing plant was carried out using the excision method of sampling. samples were analyzed for aerobic plate count (apc), e. coli, and salmonella over a period of 2 years. the mean adjusted apc was 4.7 log colony-forming units (cfu)/g, and counts at the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles were 4.8, 5.2, and 6.1 log cfu/g, respectively. the maximum number of bacteria recovered was 6.4 log cfu/g, a ... | 2008 | 18260821 |
| [fusion expression of slt-iieb gene and fedf gene of ee in escherichia coli and its immunogenicity]. | the dna fragment encoding the truncated slt-iieb and fedf of ee strain were fused to the downstream of glutathione s-transferase (gst) of pgex-kg expression vector, resulting in the fusion expression plasmid pksf. after transformed into e. coli bl21 (de3) and induced by iptg, the results of sds-page showed that the gst-sf fusion protein was expressed in high level. western blot was performed to confirm that the expressed fusion protein could specifically react with mouse anti-slt-iieb antiserum, ... | 2007 | 18271261 |
| dietary arginine supplementation alleviates intestinal mucosal disruption induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in weaned pigs. | this study evaluated whether arginine (arg) supplementation could attenuate gut injury induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) challenge through an anti-inflammatory role in weaned pigs. pigs were allotted to four treatments including: (1) non-challenged control; (2) lps-challenged control; (3) lps+0.5 % arg; (4) lps+1.0 % arg. on day 16, pigs were injected with lps or sterile saline. at 6 h post-injection, pigs were killed for evaluation of small intestinal morphology and intestina ... | 2008 | 18275628 |
| escherichia coli stb toxin binding to sulfatide and its inhibition by carragenan. | escherichia coli heat-stb is an important cause of diarrhea in piglets. stb was shown to interact specifically with sulfatide (3'-sulfogalactosyl-ceramide) present on the surface of epithelial cells of piglet jejunum. basic data are lacking on stb binding to sulfatide in solution and more precisely on the possible inhibition of this interaction. using surface plasmon resonance technology, we compare binding of stb to sulfatide and other glycoshingolipids previously shown, with a multiplate-bindi ... | 2008 | 18279334 |
| indirect transmission of escherichia coli o157:h7 occurs readily among swine but not among sheep. | transmission of escherichia coli o157:h7 among reservoir animals is generally thought to occur either by direct contact between a naïve animal and an infected animal or by consumption of food or water containing the organism. although ruminants are considered the major reservoir, there are two reports of human infections caused by e. coli o157:h7 linked to the consumption of pork products or to the contamination of fresh produce by swine manure. the objective of this study was to determine wheth ... | 2008 | 18310419 |
| a homolog of the o157 urease-encoding o island 48 is present in porcine o149:h10 enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | the relationship of the urease operon in the highly virulent o149 porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strain ro8 to a genomic island (gi) homologous to o island (oi) 48 of o157 enterohemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) strain edl933 was investigated. eighty-four of 84 o149:h10 strains were urease positive whereas 44 of 44 o149:h43 porcine etec strains were urease-negative. seventeen of 17 o149:h10 strains that were tested possessed the oi-48 homolog whereas 24 of 24 o149:h43 strains lacked th ... | 2008 | 18316019 |
| antibiotic resistance among indicator bacteria isolated from healthy pigs in new zealand. | to determine the resistance to antibiotics among the indictor bacteria, escherichia coli and enterococcus spp, isolated from the faeces of healthy pigs on three conventional pig farms and one organic farm in the north island of new zealand. | 2008 | 18322557 |
| salmonella spp. in bavarian liquid pig manure: occurrence and relevance for the distribution of antibiotic resistance. | in a representative study, 380 manure samples of pig farms distributed all over bavaria (germany) were screened for the presence of salmonella spp. at the time of manure application to soil using methods adapted to din en iso 6579. the isolates were tested according to din 58940 for their susceptibility towards 26 antimicrobial substances - such substances partly administered in animals, but mainly used in human therapy. six out of 380 manure samples and, in addition, the only separated liquid m ... | 2008 | 18331515 |
| functional role of polyhydroxy compounds on protein structure and thermal stability studied by circular dichroism spectroscopy. | polyhydroxy compounds such as cyclitols, acyclic polyols and sugars are produced by a wide variety of organisms under stressful conditions in order to protect macromolecular structure. plants undergoing abiotic stresses like heat and dehydration accumulate enormous amounts of polyhydroxy compounds (up to 400 mm) in their cellular tissues. not only do they serve as osmoprotectants ("compatible solutes"), they also protect membrane structure and preserve enzymatic activity. to gain further insight ... | 2008 | 18343146 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a bile salt hydrolase from lactobacillus acidophilus pf01. | phenotypic screening for bile salt hydrolase (bsh) activity was performed on lactobacillus acidophilus pf01 isolated from piglet feces. a gene encoding bsh was identified and cloned from the genomic library of l. acidophilus pf01. the bsh gene and surrounding regions were characterized by nucleotide sequence analysis and were found to contain a single open reading frame (orf) of 951 nucleotides encoding a 316 amino acid protein. the potential bsh promoter region was located upstream of the start ... | 2008 | 18388461 |
| inhibition of escherichia coli o157:h7 in ripening dry fermented sausage by ground yellow mustard. | compounds generated by the enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates naturally present in mustard powder are potently bactericidal against escherichia coli o157:h7. because e. coli o157:h7 can survive the dry fermented sausage manufacturing process, 2, 4, and 6% (wt/wt) nondeheated (hot) mustard powder or 6% (wt/wt) deheated (cold) mustard powder were added to dry sausage batter inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 at about 7 log cfu/g to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the powders. reductio ... | 2008 | 18389690 |
| [antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli isolated from pigs in argentina]. | antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coil isolated from pigs in argentina. sixty-nine escherichia coli isolates from healthy pigs or with clinical signs non-compatible with diarrhea caused by this microorganism, were studied. the purpose was to determine the resistance profile against antimicrobials frequently used in veterinary and human medicine. the agar diffusion method was used. high resistance percentages against antimicrobials used in swine farms such as ampicillin, streptomycin and te ... | 2007 | 18390159 |
| expression of the capsid protein of porcine circovirus type 2 in lactococcus lactis for oral vaccination. | diseases associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infections are becoming a major problem for the swine industry worldwide. the capsid protein (cap) of pcv2 is an antigen important for both early diagnosis and development of vaccines. in this study, lactococcus lactis was used as vehicle to deliver the pcv2 antigen in an attempt to develop oral vaccine. a cap gene with a deleted nuclear localization signal sequence (dcap) was cloned into an escherichia coli/l. lactis shuttle vector psec: ... | 2008 | 18406475 |
| renal cytokine profile in an endotoxemic porcine model. | in animals exposed to acute endotoxemia with lipopolysaccharide (lps), high levels of cytokines are found in the kidney. the objective of this study is to determine whether the high renal content of tnf-alpha, il-1beta, il-10 and il-1 receptor antagonist (il-1ra) is due to glomerular filtration and reabsorption, or whether the cytokines are produced locally in the kidney. | 2008 | 18419714 |
| transcytosis of f4 fimbriae by villous and dome epithelia in f4-receptor positive pigs supports importance of receptor-dependent endocytosis in oral immunization strategies. | very few antigens have been described that induce an intestinal immunity when given orally. our laboratory demonstrated that oral administration of isolated f4 (k88) fimbriae of escherichia coli to f4-receptor positive (f4r(+)) pigs induces protective mucosal immunity against challenge infection. however, presence of f4-receptors (f4r) on villous enterocytes is a prerequisite for inducing the immune response, as no f4-specific antibody-secreting cells (asc) can be induced in f4r(-) pigs. in this ... | 2008 | 18423889 |
| lysozyme transgenic goats' milk influences gastrointestinal morphology in young pigs. | transgenesis provides a method of expressing novel proteins in milk to increase the functional benefits of milk consumption. transgenic goats expressing human lysozyme (hlz) at 67% of the concentration in human breast milk were produced, thereby enhancing the antimicrobial properties of goats' milk. the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of pasteurized milk containing hlz on growth, the intestinal epithelium, and an enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) infection in young w ... | 2008 | 18424602 |
| [characteristics and immunogenicity of the n-terminal and c-terminal recombinants of pasteurella multocida toxin]. | in this study, five fragments of recombinant subunit pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) were constructed. only pet28a-n1518 and pet28b-c2115 could be expressed efficiently in escherichia coli. the molecular weight of the fusion proteins was 57 kda and 78 kda .western blot confirmed that the two proteins could specifically react with antiserum against pasteurella multocida toxin. no mice died after the intraperitoneal administration of these two proteins with the dose of 200 microg per mouse, but ... | 2008 | 18438004 |
| [baculovirus expression and establishment of the indirect elisa for the ha gene of swine influenza virus h1 subtype]. | the hemagglutinin (ha) gene fragment of swine influenza virus a/swine/guangdong/lm/05(h1n1) was amplified with ha gene specific primers and cloned into baculovirus transfer plasmid pfastbacgp67b. the recombinant plasmid pfastbacgp67b-h1 was identified by restriction enzyme digestion and gene sequencing. following the transformation of dh10bac escherichia coli component cells by pfastbacgp67b-h1, recombinant bacmids rbacmid-h1 were identified by blue/white selection and pcr analysis. then recombi ... | 2008 | 18438005 |
| loss of virulence genes in escherichia coli populations during manure storage on a commercial swine farm. | confined livestock production farms typically store their wastes prior to land application. here, we employed three complementary approaches to evaluate changes in the population structure and stability of virulence genes in escherichia coli during manure storage on a commercial farm that housed healthy swine. isolates were genotyped by repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr using the boxa1r primer and evaluated for the presence of selected virulence genes by pcr. isolates obtained from the manur ... | 2008 | 18441108 |
| new adhesin of enteroaggregative escherichia coli related to the afa/dr/aaf family. | enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) is an important cause of diarrhea worldwide. we analyzed 17 danish eaec strains, isolated in the course of a case control study, for phenotypic and genotypic properties. the strains belonged to at least 14 different serotypes. using pcr to investigate the prevalence of various putative virulence genes, we found that all but two strains were typical eaec, as they harbored all or part of the previously described aggr regulon. the majority of the strains ha ... | 2008 | 18443096 |
| investigation of the porcine muc13 gene: isolation, expression, polymorphisms and strong association with susceptibility to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli f4ab/ac. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) f4ab and f4ac are major determinants of piglet diarrhoea. the locus for the etec f4ab/ac receptor has been mapped to ssc13q41. muc13 is a transmembrane mucin expressed predominantly in the epithelial surface of the gastrointestinal tract and the muc13 gene was assigned to ssc13q41, supporting it as a positional candidate gene for the etec f4ab/ac receptor. we herein determined the complete 2679-bp cdna of pig muc13, and proved that it was most highly expre ... | 2008 | 18454803 |
| antibiotic resistance integrons and extended-spectrum {beta}-lactamases among enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from chickens and swine in portugal. | to investigate the diversity of integrons and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) among enterobacteriaceae from chickens and swine in portugal and analyse the clonal relationships between portuguese esbl-producing isolates of animal and human origin. | 2008 | 18456652 |
| [gene cloning, expression and activity detection of porcine interleukin-18 mature protein in escherichia coli]. | porcine interleukin-18 mature protein gene was amplified from porcine spleen cells by rt-pcr. pcr product was cloned into the t vector pgem-t for sequencing. the nucleotide sequence of this gene was 474 bp. then, it was subcloned into the prokaryotic expressing plasmid vector pgex6p-1 and transformed into host e. coli strain bl21 for expression. the expression of pil-18 mature protein gene was identified by sds-page .the expression product was fusion protein with molecular weight of 45 kd and th ... | 2008 | 18464603 |
| using data on resistance prevalence per sample in the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance. | in most existing antimicrobial resistance monitoring programmes, one single bacterial colony from each collected sample is susceptibility tested against a panel of antimicrobials. detecting the proportion of colonies resistant to different antimicrobials in each sample can provide quantitative data on antimicrobial resistance (resistance prevalence per sample). | 2008 | 18490375 |
| prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant escherichia coli isolated from humans and swine in denmark. | prevalence of quinolone resistance mechanisms and associations to minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of nalidixic acid (nal) and ciprofloxacin (cip) were investigated in 124 escherichia coli isolated from humans (n=85) and swine (n=39) in denmark. the collection included 59 high-level cip-resistant isolates (mic >or= 4) from human (n=51) and pig origin (n=8) and 65 low-level cip-resistant isolates (mic >or= 0.125) from human (n=34) and pig origin (n=31). resistance by target modification w ... | 2008 | 18500921 |
| antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coli isolated from swine fecal samples in 90 alberta finishing farms. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coli isolates obtained from 90 alberta finisher swine farms. up to 5 isolates were obtained from each of 269 pooled fecal samples and were classified as susceptible or resistant according to clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines. of the 1322 isolates, 166 (12.6%) were susceptible to all 15 antimicrobials. no resistance to amikacin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxac ... | 2008 | 18505207 |
| prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance of fecal escherichia coil among pigs on 47 farrow-to-finish farms with different in-feed medication policies in ontario and british columbia. | the main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in pigs on farms that medicated swine ration and those that did not. a total of 940 isolates of escherichia coli from 188 pooled fecal samples obtained from weaner and finisher pigs on 47 farrow-to-finish swine farms (34 farms used in-feed medication and 13 did not) were tested for susceptibility to 21 antimicrobials using a breakpoint concentration method. the prevalence of resistance var ... | 2008 | 18505210 |
| the effect of indomethacin on systemic and renal hemodynamics in neonatal piglets during experimental endotoxemia. | systemic and renal hemodynamics are affected by prostaglandin production during endotoxemia. to study indomethacin effects on endotoxinemia in a neonatal piglet model, sixteen 7-10 day old piglets were anesthetized, ventilated, and catheterized. mean arterial pressure (map), heart rate (hr), and urine output were continuously monitored. endotoxin (0.06 mcg/kg) was injected after baseline measurements. we studied two groups with either endotoxinemia alone (n = 7) or an additional indomethacin inf ... | 2008 | 18509659 |
| phylogenetic background of attaching and effacing escherichia coli isolates from animals. | detection and distribution of eae gene in forty-four attaching and effacing escherichia coli (aeec) strains of animal origin were investigated. association of distinct intimin alleles with phylogenetic background were assessed among strains in comparison with different serogroups. phylogenetic analysis showed that 31 ehec/eae+ stec strains belong to groups a, b1 and e, 13 epec strains segregated in b1 and b2. moreover, group a possessed the eae gamma2/theta type, group b1 the eae beta1, eae kapp ... | 2008 | 18509740 |
| a laboratory study of survival of selected microorganisms after heat treatment of biowaste used in biogas plants. | the aim of the study was to assess the effect of pasteurisation, as set by the european regulation ec 1774/2002, on selected pathogens and indicator organisms. unpasteurised substrate (biowaste), including animal by-products from a full-scale biogas plant was heat treated under laboratory conditions at 70 degrees c and 55 degrees c for 30 min and 60 min. heat treatment at 55 degrees c for 60 min was not sufficient to achieve a hygienically acceptable product. heat treatment at 70 degrees c for 3 ... | 2008 | 18513960 |
| epoprostenol improves mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an acute endotoxemic pig model. | the objective of the present study was to determine the effects of increasing dosages of continuously infused epoprostenol (pgi), a prostacyclin analog, on intestinal oxygen supply and jejunal mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an acute endotoxic pig model. jejunal mucosal tissue po2, oxygen saturation of jejunal microvascular hemoglobin, and gut microvascular blood flow were investigated. systemic hemodynamic variables, mesenteric-venous and systemic acid base and blood gas variables, and lactate ... | 2009 | 18520707 |
| phenotyping and genotyping of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli isolated from a natural river basin. | scientists have become increasingly concerned about the occurrence of antibacterial resistance in the environment. in this study, escherichia coli resistant to one or more antibiotics among nine antibiotics was screened from wenyu river basin in beijing, china, with mean frequency of 48.7 +/- 8.7% of 388 isolates in summer and 47 +/- 6% of 236 isolates in winter. the mean multiantibiotic resistance (mar) index in summer was 0.11 +/- 0.03, slightly lower than that (0.14 +/- 0.04) in winter. most ... | 2008 | 18522127 |
| 3-alkenyl-2-azetidinones as fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. | a series of novel 2-azetidinones (beta-lactams) bearing short alkenyl chains at c3 and n1 have been prepared and evaluated in vitro as inhibitors of human faah. compound 9c (1-(4'-pentenoyl-3-(4'-pentenyl)-2-azetidinone)) featured an ic(50) value of 4.5 microm and a good selectivity for faah versus mgl. | 2008 | 18547805 |
| piggery manure used for soil fertilization is a reservoir for transferable antibiotic resistance plasmids. | in this study, the prevalence and types of transferable antibiotic resistance plasmids in piggery manure were investigated. samples from manure storage tanks of 15 farms in germany were analysed, representing diverse sizes of herds, meat or piglet production. antibiotic resistance plasmids from manure bacteria were captured in gfp-tagged rifampicin-resistant escherichia coli and characterized. the occurrence of plasmid types was also detected in total community dna by pcr and hybridization. a to ... | 2008 | 18557938 |
| cyanobacterial lps antagonist (cyp)-a novel and efficient inhibitor of escherichia coli lps-induced cytokine response in the pig. | toll-like receptors are essential pattern-recognition receptors of the innate immune system. they recognize a range of conserved molecules of invading microorganisms. the innate immune system is developed to protect the host, but can be deleterious if activated uncontrolled or inappropriate, such as in sepsis with gram-negative bacteria. new approaches for treatment, like inhibition of innate immune responses, may be beneficial for the outcome of such conditions. toll-like receptor 4 associated ... | 2008 | 18571239 |
| prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in poultry and swine clinical isolates of escherichia coli. | the prevalence of qnr genes was investigated in veterinary clinical isolates of escherichia coli in guangdong province, china, and the aac (6')-ib gene and the mutations in qrdrs of gyrase and topoisomerase iv were examined in qnr-positive strains. a total of 232 e. coli strains isolated from pig and poultry were screened for the presence of the qnra, qnrb and qnrs genes by pcr and sequencing. the aac (6')-ib gene was detected in qnr-bearing strains by pcr and sequencing. for all strains carryin ... | 2008 | 18573620 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis as a tool to determine batch similarity of probiotic cultures of porcine cecal bacteria. | a continuous-flow porcine cecal bacterial culture has been used experimentally as treatment against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in weanling pigs. periodically, the cultures must be started from frozen stock. our results indicate that denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis can be applied as an indirect indication of culture similarity for each new batch generated from frozen stock. | 2008 | 18586972 |
| definition of subtypes in the european genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: nucleocapsid characteristics and geographical distribution in europe. | the nucleocapsid protein of the european genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (type 1, prrsv-1) exhibited extensive size polymorphism (124-130 amino acids), correlating with phylogenetic grouping of orf7 as well as orf5 nucleotide sequences, thereby validating orf7 size as an independent prrsv-1 subtype marker. based on new sequence information from the russian federation, we propose division of european genotype prrsv-1 into 3 subtypes: a pan-european subtype 1 and ea ... | 2008 | 18592131 |
| insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver of neonatal pigs during endotoxemia. | sepsis has been associated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and nitric oxide (no) overproduction, insulin resistance, and a profound suppression of muscle protein synthesis. however, lesser suppression of muscle protein synthesis in neonatal pigs occurs in response to endotoxin (lps) when glucose and amino acids are provided. we hypothesize that the lps-induced tnf-alpha and no overproduction down-regulates insulin signaling pathway activation in neonatal pigs in the presence of fed ... | 2008 | 18596577 |
| duplex real-time pcr assays for rapid detection of virulence genes in e. coli isolated from post-weaning pigs and calves with diarrhoea. | duplex real-time pcr assays were used as modules to cover partially automated detection of 12 genes encoding adhesins, enterotoxins and shiga toxins in faecal e. coli isolates. for this a total of 194 e. coli isolates from pigs suffering from post-weaning diarrhoea (pwd), including 65 isolates with haemolytic activity, and 83 isolates from calves with diarrhoea were examined. data obtained by pcr were compared with o-typing and with haemolytic activity as indirect virulence markers. e. coli o-ty ... | 2008 | 18605375 |