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evaluation of different solvents to extract antibacterial compounds from jalapeño peppers.chili peppers (capsicum spp.) may possess antibacterial properties and have potential to be used in foods as antimicrobial. the complete chili pepper extract should be evaluated to determine which compounds are responsible for the antimicrobial activity. extraction of compounds from the pepper is completed using a solvent. the type of solvent used for extraction influences which compounds are isolated, therefore the best extraction method needs to be determined. the purpose of this study was to ...201728572934
genome-wide-analyses of listeria monocytogenes from food-processing plants reveal clonal diversity and date the emergence of persisting sequence types.whole genome sequencing is increasing used in epidemiology, e.g. for tracing outbreaks of food-borne diseases. this requires in-depth understanding of pathogen emergence, persistence and genomic diversity along the food production chain including in food processing plants. we sequenced the genomes of 80 isolates of listeria monocytogenes sampled from danish food processing plants over a time-period of 20 years, and analysed the sequences together with 10 public available reference genomes to adv ...201728574206
empiric listeria monocytogenes antibiotic coverage for febrile infants (age, 0-90 days). 201728574538
longitudinal monitoring of listeria monocytogenes and listeria phages in seafood processing environments in thailand.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen commonly found in environments of seafood processing, thus presenting a challenge for eradication from seafood processing facilities. monitoring the prevalence and subtype diversity of l. monocytogenes together with phages that are specific to listeria spp. ("listeria phages") will provide knowledge on the bacteria-phage ecology in food processing plants. in this work, a total of 595 samples were collected from raw material, finished seafood product ...201728576358
characterization of antimicrobial properties of salmonella phage felix o1 and listeria phage a511 embedded in xanthan coatings on poly(lactic acid) films.beyond simply providing a barrier between food and external contaminants, active packaging technologies aim to inhibit pathogen survival and growth within the packaged environment. bacteriophages have a proven track record as targeted antimicrobials but have yet to be successfully integrated in active packaging without serious loss of activity. we have developed two bacteriophage based xanthan coatings on poly(lactic acid) (pla) film which significantly inhibits salmonella typhimurium and lister ...201728576360
comparison of listeria monocytogenes recoveries from spiked mung bean sprouts by the enrichment methods of three regulatory agencies.three selective enrichment methods, the united states food and drug administration's (fda method), the united states department of agriculture food safety inspection service's (usda method), and the en iso 11290-1 standard method, were assessed for their suitability for recovery of listeria monocytogenes from spiked mung bean sprouts. three parameters were evaluated; the enrichment l. monocytogenes population from singly-spiked sprouts, the enrichment l. monocytogenes population from doubly-spik ...201728576371
testing commercial biopreservative against spoilage microorganisms in map packed ricotta fresca cheese.ricotta fresca cheese is susceptible to secondary contamination and is able to support the growth of pathogens or spoilage psychotrophic bacteria during storage. the aim of the present study was to evaluate which among three commercial biopreservatives was suitable to be used to control the growth of spoilage microorganisms in sheep's milk map ricotta fresca cheese. 144 ricotta fresca cheese samples were inoculated either with the bioprotective culture lyofast fpr 2 (including enterococcus faeci ...201728576375
bactericidal effect of 266 to 279nm wavelength uvc-leds for inactivation of gram positive and gram negative foodborne pathogenic bacteria and yeasts.recently, uvc-led technology has been validated as an alternative to irradiation with conventional mercury uv lamps. in this study, we sought to determine primary factors affecting reduction trends shown in several microorganisms. four major foodborne pathogens (escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella spp. listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus) and spoilage yeasts (saccharomyces pastorianus, pichia membranaefaciens), important to the brewing industry, were inoculated onto selective and non- ...201728578053
next generation sequencing-based multigene panel for high throughput detection of food-borne pathogens.contamination of food by chemicals or pathogenic bacteria may cause particular illnesses that are linked to food consumption, commonly referred to as foodborne diseases. bacteria are present in/on various foods products, such as fruits, vegetables and ready-to-eat products. bacteria that cause foodborne diseases are known as foodborne pathogens (fbps). accurate detection methods that are able to reveal the presence of fbps in food matrices are in constant demand, in order to ensure safe foods wi ...201728578266
two novel roles of buffalo milk lactoperoxidase, antibiofilm agent and immunomodulator against multidrug resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi and listeria monocytogenes.the increasing occurrence of multidrug resistant bacteria causing bacteremia infection, constitutes a major health problem, difficult-to-treat bacteremia due to its ability to form biofilm. buffalo milk lactoperoxidase (bmlpo) is effective and safe to use as bacteriostatic agent. the mic of bmlpo and amikacin were used to evaluate the antibiofilm activity against resistant l. monocytogenes and s. typhi. prophylactic effects of bmlpo against l. monocytogenes and s. typhi bacteremia in vivo have b ...201728587762
commensal microbes provide first line defense against listeria monocytogenes infection.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes septicemia, meningitis and chorioamnionitis and is associated with high mortality. immunocompetent humans and animals, however, can tolerate high doses of l. monocytogenes without developing systemic disease. the intestinal microbiota provides colonization resistance against many orally acquired pathogens, and antibiotic-mediated depletion of the microbiota reduces host resistance to infection. here we show that a diverse microbiota mark ...201728588016
isolation and characterization of listeria species from rodents in natural environments in china.listeria is ubiquitous in a variety of environments and can be isolated from a wide range of animal hosts. rodents are capable of carrying pathogenic bacteria in their intestines, such as listeria, and can disseminate those pathogens into the natural environment and to where human activity occurs. in this study, we investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of listeria spp. isolated from wild rodents found in natural environments in china. we collected 341 intestinal fecal samp ...201728588285
mechanistic insights into adxs11-001 human papillomavirus-associated cancer immunotherapy.immune responses to the facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes (lm) are robust and well characterized. utilized for decades as a model of host-disease immunology, lm is well suited for use as an immunotherapeutic bacterial vector for the delivery of foreign antigen. genetic modification of lm has been undertaken to create an attenuated organism that is deficient in its master transcriptional regulator, protein-related factor a, and incorporates a truncated, nonhemolytic versi ...201728588899
microrna-21 limits uptake of listeria monocytogenes by macrophages to reduce the intracellular niche and control infection.mirnas are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. mirna expression is a crucial part of host responses to bacterial infection, however there is limited knowledge of their impact on the outcome of infections. we investigated the influence of mir-21 on macrophage responses during infection with listeria monocytogenes, which establishes an intracellular niche within macrophages. mir-21 is induced following infection of bone marrow-derived macrophages (bmdms) with listeria. mi ...201728589100
sensitive detection of staphylococcus aureus with vancomycin-conjugated magnetic beads as enrichment carriers combined with flow cytometry.a novel sandwich strategy was designed to detect staphylococcus aureus. the strategy is based on an antibacterial agent that captures bacterial cells and a fluorescein-labeled antibody that acts as the signal-output probe. vancomycin (van), which exerts a strong antibacterial effect on gram-positive bacteria, was utilized as a molecular recognition agent to detect pathogenic bacteria. to effectively concentrate s. aureus, we used bovine serum albumin (bsa) as the amplification carrier to modify ...201728590745
investigation into the antimicrobial action and mechanism of a novel endogenous peptide β-casein 197 from human milk.a novel endogenous peptide cleaved from 197-213 aa of β-casein, named β-casein 197, was identified by tandem mass spectrometry. β-casein 197 constituted a significant proportion of the peptide content in preterm milk. this study investigated the antibacterial effects and mechanisms against common pathogenic bacteria. six bacterial strains were selected for this study: escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, yersinia enterocolitica, listeria monocytogenes, klebsiella pneumonia and bacillus subti ...201728591979
bacterial meningitis in finland, 1995-2014: a population-based observational study.bacterial meningitis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. its epidemiological characteristics, however, are changing due to new vaccines and secular trends. conjugate vaccines against haemophilus influenzae type b and streptococcus pneumoniae (10-valent) were introduced in 1986 and 2010 in finland. we assessed the disease burden and long-term trends of five common causes of bacterial meningitis in a population-based observational study.201728592578
inhibition strategies of listeria monocytogenes biofilms-current knowledge and future outlooks.there is an increasing trend in the food industry on the listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation and inhibition. this is attributed to its easy survival on contact surfaces, resistance to disinfectants or antibiotics and growth under the stringent condition used for food processing and preservation thereby leading to food contamination products by direct or indirect exposure. though, there is a lack of conclusive evidences about the mechanism of biofilm formation, in this review, the concept of ...201728594071
presence of human pathogens in produce from retail markets in northern germany.two hundred fresh produce samples (cucumber, carrots, herbs, leaf lettuce, and ready-to-eat mixed salad leaves) were obtained from retail in northern germany in 2015. these were investigated for microbial contamination and the presence of foodborne pathogens, including listeria monocytogenes, salmonella serovars, presumptive bacillus (b.) cereus, and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli using culture-dependent (enrichment, plating on selective media) and -independent (real-time polymerase chai ...201728594569
mathematical model of interaction between bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria and listeria. part 1: steady states and thresholds.mathematical modeling is an important tool to assessing quantitative conjectures and to answer specific questions. in the modeling, we assume that a competitor represented by a lactic acid bacterium produces antimicrobial compounds (substances that kill microorganisms or inhibit their growth), such as lactic acid and bacteriocins, with some cost to its own growth. bacteriocins are protein compounds with antimicrobial effect against related species and bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes, whi ...201728597170
antimicrobial effect of okcel® h-d prepared from oxidized cellulose.the antimicrobial effect of okcel® h-d, a topical, absorbable hemostatic textile prepared from oxidized cellulose, was tested. testing by dilution and diffusion methods was conducted on a spectrum of 27 select microorganisms, including also antibiotic-resistant strains. okcel® h-d showed inhibitory effects on nearly all tested bacteria. in testing using the dilution suspension method, the majority of bacteria showed decrease in cell density by 7-8 orders of magnitude after just 6 h of exposure. ...201728597345
efficacy of combined sous vide-microwave cooking for foodborne pathogen inactivation in ready-to-eat chicory stems.there is a variety of different food processing methods, which can be used to prepare ready-to-eat foods. however, the need to preserve the freshness and nutritional qualities leads to the application of mild technologies which may be insufficient to inactivate microbial pathogens. in this work, fresh chicory stems were packed under a vacuum in films, which were transparent to microwaves. these were then exposed to microwaves for different periods of time. the application of sous vide microwave ...201728597952
comparison of the in vitro activity of ampicillin and moxifloxacin against listeria monocytogenes at achievable concentrations in the central nervous system.the aim of this study was to compare the in vitro activity of ampicillin and moxifloxacin against six isolates selected from 154 invasive clinical isolates of listeria monocytogenes and evaluate their intra- and extracellular activities with achievable central nervous system concentrations obtained using monte carlo simulations with conventional and unconventional dosages.201728598305
persistent listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from mussel production facilities form more biofilm but are not linked to specific genetic markers.contamination of mussels with the human pathogen listeria monocytogenes occurs during processing in the factory, possibly from bacteria persisting in the factory's indoor and outdoor areas. in this study, a selection of persistent (n=8) and sporadic (n=8) l. monocytogenes isolates associated with mussel-processing premises in new zealand were investigated for their phenotypic and genomic characteristics. to identify traits that favour or contribute to bacterial persistence, biofilm formation, he ...201728599174
the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in infants.the pathogens that cause bacterial meningitis in infants and their antimicrobial susceptibilities may have changed in this era of increasing antimicrobial resistance, use of conjugated vaccines, and maternal antibiotic prophylaxis for group b streptococcus (gbs). the objective was to determine the optimal empirical antibiotics for bacterial meningitis in early infancy.201728600447
vaginal self-sampling as a diagnosis tool in low-income countries and potential applications for exploring the infectious causes of miscarriage.gynecological health is a challenge in low-income countries. personal opposition to perineal examination has been overcome by the use of vaginal self-sampling. here, we review the use of this procedure notably in low-income countries and the main infectious causes of miscarriage. vaginal self-sampling was mainly used for human papillomavirus detection but also to detect microorganisms causing sexually transmitted infections or bacterial vaginosis. 58 studies have been performed in low-resource c ...201728604063
how the study of listeria monocytogenes has led to new concepts in biology.the opportunistic intracellular bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes has in 30 years emerged as an exceptional bacterial model system in infection biology. research on this bacterium has provided considerable insight into how pathogenic bacteria adapt to mammalian hosts, invade eukaryotic cells, move intracellularly, interfere with host cell functions and disseminate within tissues. it also contributed to unveil features of normal host cell pathways and unsuspected functions of previously k ...201728604108
predicting and modelling the growth of potentially pathogenic bacteria in coalho cheese.coalho is a semihard medium- to high-moisture cheese produced in various states in the northeastern region of brazil. this study was conducted to predict the growth kinetics (maximum growth rate, grmax) of escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella, and staphylococcus aureus using the combase predictor with various combinations of temperature, ph, and water activity (aw) in commercial coalho cheese samples. the growth of two antibiotic-resistant derivative strains of l. monocytogenes ( ...201728604174
irrigation water sources and time intervals as variables on the presence of campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes on romaine lettuce grown in muck soil.irrigation water has been identified as a possible source of vegetable contamination by foodborne pathogens. risk management for pathogens such as campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes in fields can be influenced by the source of the irrigation water and the time interval between last irrigation and harvest. plots of romaine lettuce were irrigated with manure-contaminated water or aerated pond water 21, 7, or 3 days prior to harvesting, and water and muck soil samples were collected at e ...201728604176
influence of food characteristics and food additives on the antimicrobial effect of garlic and oregano essential oils.utilization of essential oils (eos) as antimicrobial agents against foodborne disease has gained importance, for their use as natural preservatives. since potential interactions between eos and food characteristics may affect their antimicrobial properties, the present work studies the influence of fat, protein, ph, aw and food additives on the antimicrobial effect of oregano and garlic eos against salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes. results showed that protein, ph, aw, presence of beef ...201728604598
isolation and preliminary characterization of a bacteriocin-producer bacillus strain inhibiting methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.in a multivalent approach to discover new antimicrobial substance, a total of 160 bacilli were isolated from termitarium soil, characterized on the basis of their morphological and physiological characters and screened for their antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method against certain drug resistant pathogenic bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and common food contaminating bacteria listeria monocytogenes. after preliminary screening, ...201728605978
signal biosynthesis inhibition with ambuic acid as a strategy to target antibiotic-resistant infections.there has been major interest by the scientific community in antivirulence approaches against bacterial infections. however, partly due to a lack of viable lead compounds, antivirulence therapeutics have yet to reach the clinic. here we investigate the development of an antivirulence lead targeting quorum sensing signal biosynthesis, a process that is conserved in gram-positive bacterial pathogens. some preliminary studies suggest that the small molecule ambuic acid is a signal biosynthesis inhi ...201728607020
rnaseq reveals complex response of campylobacter jejuni to ovine bile and in vivo gallbladder environment.colonization of the gallbladder by enteric pathogens such as salmonella typhi, listeria monocytogenes, and campylobacter jejuni is thought to play a key role in transmission and persistence of these important zoonotic agents; however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that allow for bacterial survival within this harsh environment. recently, a highly virulent c. jejuni sheep abortion (sa) clone represented by the clinical isolate ia3902 has emerged as the dominant cause for sheep ab ...201728611744
bacterial meningitis complicating the course of liver cirrhosis.meningitis is rarely reported in studies investigating bacterial infections in patients affected by liver cirrhosis. we investigated the findings of bacterial meningitis in patients affected by liver cirrhosis referred to our department in a 16-year period.201728616745
development of biopolymer composite films using a microfluidization technique for carboxymethylcellulose and apple skin particles.biopolymer films based on apple skin powder (asp) and carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) were developed with the addition of apple skin extract (ase) and tartaric acid (ta). asp/cmc composite films were prepared by mixing cmc with asp solution using a microfluidization technique to reduce particle size. then, various concentrations of ase and ta were incorporated into the film solution as an antioxidant and an antimicrobial agent, respectively. fourier transform infrared (ftir), optical, mechanical, w ...201728617325
whole genome sequencing analyses of listeria monocytogenes that persisted in a milkshake machine for a year and caused illnesses in washington state.in 2015, in addition to a united states multistate outbreak linked to contaminated ice cream, another outbreak linked to ice cream was reported in the pacific northwest of the united states. it was a hospital-acquired outbreak linked to milkshakes, made from contaminated ice cream mixes and milkshake maker, served to patients. here we performed multiple analyses on isolates associated with this outbreak: pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) a ...201728619007
full-genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes strain h34, isolated from a newborn with sepsis in uruguay.the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes causes severe disease mainly in the vulnerable populations of the young, old, pregnant, and immunocompromised. here, we present the genome sequence of l. monocytogenes h34, a serotype 1/2b, lineage i, sequence type 489 (st489) strain, isolated from a neonatal sepsis case in uruguay.201728619811
a multiplex rt-pcr assay for s. aureus, l. monocytogenes, and salmonella spp. detection in raw milk with pre-enrichment.this study firstly developed a multiplex real-time pcr (rt-pcr) technique combined with a pre-enrichment step to simultaneously detect staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus), listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) and salmonella spp. in raw milk and the dairy farm environment (feces, soil, feed, water) in one reaction. brain heart infusion (bhi) broth was selected for the enrichment step to increase the density of the target bacteria by using an incubation of 4 h before multiplex rt-pcr. the resul ...201728620364
inactivation of nonpathogenic escherichia coli, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes in ice using a uvc light-emitting diode.ice, widely used in the food industry, is a potential cause of food poisoning resulting from microbial contamination. direct microbial inactivation of ice is necessary because microorganisms may have been present in the source water used to make it and/or may have been introduced due to poor hygiene during production or handling of the ice. nonthermal and nondestructive microbial inactivation technologies are needed to control microorganisms in ice. we evaluated the applicability of a uvc light- ...201728621585
stress survival islet 2, predominantly present in listeria monocytogenes strains of sequence type 121, is involved in the alkaline and oxidative stress responses.the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes is able to survive a variety of stress conditions leading to the colonization of different niches like the food processing environment. this study focuses on the hypervariable genetic hot spot lmo0443 to lmo0449 haboring three inserts: the stress survival islet 1 (ssi-1), the single-gene insert lmof2365_0481, and two homologous genes of the nonpathogenic species listeria innocua: lin0464, coding for a putative transcriptional regulator, and lin0465, ...201728625982
inactivation of bacterial biofilms by visible light-activated unmodified zno nanorods.various zinc oxide (zno) nanostructures are widely used for photocatalytic antibacterial applications. since zno possess a wide bandgap, it is believed that only uv light may efficiently assist bacterial inactivation and diverse crystal lattice modifications should be applied in order to narrow the bandgap for efficient visible light absorption. in this work we show that even unmodified zno nanorods grown by aqueous chemical growth technique were found to possess intrinsic defects which can be a ...201728628486
prevalence and serotype distribution of listeria monocytogenes isolated from foods in montevideo-uruguay.the aim of this work was to study the prevalence of listeria monocytogenes in foods obtained in retail shops and food industries located in montevideo-uruguay, and to identify the serogroups of the obtained isolates. three-thousand one-hundred and seventy-five food samples (frozen, deli meats, ready-to-eat and cheese) were analyzed. the obtained isolates were serogrouped by multiplex pcr and serotyped by conventional procedure. genetic comparisons were performed using pulsed-field gel electropho ...201728629969
listeria-vectored vaccine expressing the mycobacterium tuberculosis 30 kda major secretory protein via the constitutively active prfa* regulon boosts bcg efficacy against tuberculosis.a potent vaccine against tuberculosis, one of the world's deadliest diseases, is needed to enhance the immunity of people worldwide, most of whom have been vaccinated with the partially effective bcg vaccine. here we investigate novel live attenuated recombinant listeria monocytogenes (rlm) vaccines expressing the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) 30 kda major secretory protein (r30/ag85b) (rlm30) as heterologous booster vaccines in animals primed with bcg. using three attenuated lm vectors, rlm ...201728630063
crmp-1 enhances evl-mediated actin elongation to build lamellipodia and the actin cortex.cells can control actin polymerization by nucleating new filaments or elongating existing ones. we recently identified crmp-1 as a factor that stimulates the formation of listeria monocytogenes actin comet tails, thereby implicating it in actin assembly. we now show that crmp-1 is a major contributor to actin assembly in epithelial cells, where it works with the ena/vasp family member evl to assemble the actin cytoskeleton in the apical cortex and in protruding lamellipodia. crmp-1 and evl bind ...201728630144
listeriolysin o: from bazooka to swiss army knife.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen. infections in humans can lead to listeriosis, a systemic disease with a high mortality rate. one important mechanism of lm dissemination involves cell-to-cell spread after bacteria have entered the cytosol of host cells. listeriolysin o (llo; encoded by the hly gene) is a virulence factor present in lm that plays a central role in the cell-to-cell spread process. llo is a member of the cholesterol-dependent cytoly ...201728630160
changing us population demographics: what does this mean for listeriosis incidence and exposure?listeria monocytogenes is an important cause of foodborne illness hospitalization, fetal loss, and death in the united states. listeriosis incidence rate varies significantly among population subgroups with pregnant women, older persons, and the hispanic population having increased relative risks compared with the other subpopulations. using estimated rates of listeriosis per subpopulation based on foodnet data from 2004 to 2009, we evaluate the expected number of cases and incidence rates of li ...201728632414
influence of lactic acid and post-treatment recovery time on the heat resistance of listeria monocytogenes.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lactic acid (la) with and without organic material at various post-treatment recovery times on the heat resistance of listeria monocytogenes (lm). la decreased lm numbers; however, the effect was remarkably attenuated by the presence of organic matter. five strains of lm were treated with la and the listericidal effects were compared. the effect of la varied depending on the strain, with ≥3.0% (w/w) la required to kill the lm strains in a short ...201728633051
imipenem/cilastatin : a reappraisal of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy.imipenem is an antibacterial agent of the carbapenem class of β-lactams, with a very broad spectrum of activity that includes most gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, aerobes and anaerobes, and with marked activity against species producing β-lactamases. it is coadministered with cilastatin, a renal dehydropeptidase inhibitor that prevents renal metabolism of imipenem. as initial monotherapy, imipenem/cilastatin provides effective and well-tolerated treatment of moderate to severe infecti ...199228634918
core-shell pla-pva porous microparticles as carriers for bacteriocin nisin.this work is focused on preparation of novel porous type of core-shell-structured microparticles based on polylactide (shell) and poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked with glutaric acid (ga) (core) prepared by water-in-oil-in-water solvent evaporation technique. the microparticle systems were used as delivery systems for immobilisation of model antibacterial agent - nisin. the effect of cross-linking and the initial amount of nisin on their morphology was investigated using scanning electron microsc ...201728635414
molecular characterization of gluten hydrolysing bacillus sp. and their efficacy and biotherapeutic potential as probiotics using caco-2 cell line.to isolate and characterize indigenous gluten hydrolysing bacteria from wheat sourdough and curd samples and further evaluation of their probiotic potentiality.201728637081
removal of foodborne pathogen biofilms by acidic electrolyzed water.biofilms, which are complex microbial communities embedded in the protective extracellular polymeric substances (eps), are difficult to remove in food production facilities. in this study, the use of acidic electrolyzed water (aew) to remove foodborne pathogen biofilms was evaluated. we used a green fluorescent protein-tagged escherichia coli for monitoring the efficiency of aew for removing biofilms, where under the optimal treatment conditions, the fluorescent signal of cells in the biofilm di ...201728638370
antibacterial efficacy of nisin, bacteriophage p100 and sodium lactate against listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat sliced pork ham.the effectiveness of bacteriophage p100, nisin and sodium lactate, individually and in combination, in inhibiting listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat pork ham slices was assessed. the antimicrobials were applied to the surfaces of ready-to-eat pork ham slices, which were inoculated with a mixture of l. monocytogenes. among the individual antimicrobial treatments, bacteriophage p100 was the most effective, decreasing l. monocytogenes to undetectable levels at zero and 72h post-infection. sodiu ...201728641956
real-time whole-genome sequencing for surveillance of listeria monocytogenes, france.during 2015-2016, we evaluated the performance of whole-genome sequencing (wgs) as a routine typing tool. its added value for microbiological and epidemiologic surveillance of listeriosis was compared with that for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), the current standard method. a total of 2,743 listeria monocytogenes isolates collected as part of routine surveillance were characterized in parallel by pfge and core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgmlst) extracted from wgs. we investigat ...201728643628
yvck, a protein required for cell wall integrity and optimal carbon source utilization, binds uridine diphosphate-sugars.in bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes and in two mycobacteria, it was previously shown that yvck is a gene required for normal cell shape, for optimal carbon source utilization and for virulence of pathogenic bacteria. here we report that the b. subtilis protein yvck binds to uridine diphosphate-sugars like uridine diphosphate-glucose (udp-glc) and uridine diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine (udp-glcnac) in vitro. using the crystal structure of bacillus halodurans yvck, we identified residues ...201728646159
tolerance development in listeria monocytogenes-escherichia coli dual-species biofilms after sublethal exposures to pronase-benzalkonium chloride combined treatments.this study was designed to assess the effects that sublethal exposures to pronase (prn) and benzalkonium chloride (bac) combined treatments have on listeria monocytogenes-escherichia coli dual-species biofilms grown on stainless steel in terms of tolerance development (td) to these compounds. additionally, fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the changes of the biofilm structure. prn-bac exposure was carried out using three different approaches and td was evaluated treating biofilms with ...201728648294
slightly acidic electrolyzed water combined with chemical and physical treatments to decontaminate bacteria on fresh fruits.effect of sequential combination of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (saew) with chemical and physical treatments on bacterial decontamination on fruits was investigated in this study. effect of treatments on microbial and sensory quality was also analyzed after subsequent storage at 4 °c and room temperature (rt, 23 ± 0.15 °c). whole apple and tomato fruits were inoculated with cocktail strains of escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes. uninoculated and inoculated fruits were was ...201728648298
a nationwide outbreak of listeriosis associated with cold-cuts, sweden 2013-2014.in january 2014, the public health agency of sweden noticed an increase in listeriosis cases. isolates from 10 cases had identical pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) profiles, suggesting a common source. we investigated the outbreak to identify the source and stop transmission. we looked for cases in 2013-2014 and also compared cases notified after february 2014 to randomly selected controls. we surveyed food items consumed two weeks prior to symptom onset. listeria monocytogenes isolates f ...201728649304
emerging microbiota during cold storage and temperature abuse of ready-to-eat salad​.introduction: ready-to-eat (rte) leafy vegetables have a natural leaf microbiota that changes during different processing and handling steps from farm to fork. the objectives of this study were (i) to compare the microbiota of rte baby spinach and mixed-ingredient salad before and after seven days of storage at 8°c or 15°c; (ii) to explore associations between bacterial communities and the foodborne pathogens listeria monocytogenes, pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica, and pathogen model organism ...201728649305
hepcidin-(in)dependent mechanisms of iron metabolism regulation during infection by listeria and salmonella.during bacterial infection, the pathogenic agent and the host battle for iron, due to its importance for fundamental cellular processes. however, iron redistribution and sequestration during infection can culminate in anemia. although hepcidin has been recognized as the key regulator of iron metabolism, in some infections its levels remain unaffected, suggesting the involvement of other players in iron metabolism deregulation. in this work, we use a mouse model to elucidate the main cellular and ...201728652306
effects of heat treatment on the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of orange by-products.this study investigated the changes in the functional components, antioxidative activities, antibacterial activities, anti-inflammatory activities of orange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) by-products (obp) on heat treatment at 50 and 100 °c (hereafter denoted 50d and 100d extracts, respectively). optimal heating conditions were also investigated. the total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidative activities of obp extracts significantly increased on heat treatment. the lag time of cu ...201728653733
identification and growth optimization of a marine bacillus dk1-sa11 having potential of producing broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds.control of harmful bacteria in food, aquaculture, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, hospitals and recreation water pools are of great global concern. marine bacteria are an enormous source of bio-controlling agents. the aim of this study was to identify and optimize the growth conditions including effect of different biotic and abiotic factors on antimicrobial activity of strain dk1-sa11 isolated from qingdao bay of china yellow sea. microscopic characterization, api® 20e and 50 chb kit base carbohy ...201728653930
exploitation of spr to investigate the importance of glycan chains in the interaction between lactoferrin and bacteria.bovine lactoferrin (lf) has been shown to prevent adhesion to and invasion of mammalian cell lines by pathogenic bacteria, with evidence for direct bacterial binding by the milk glycoprotein. however, the glycosylation pattern of lf changes over the lactation cycle. in this study, we aim to investigate the effect that this variation has on the milk glycoprotein's ability to interact with pathogens. surface plasmon resonance technology was employed to compare the binding of lf from colostrum (ear ...201728653977
fungal chitosan and lycium barbarum extract as anti-listeria and quality preservatives in minced catfish.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterial pathogen that causes serious health risks. chitosan (ch) is a bioactive polymer that could be effectively applied for foodstuffs biopreservation. lycium barbarum (goji berry) is ethnopharmaceutical fruit that have diverse health protecting benefits. chitosan was produced from a. niger and employed with l. barbarum extract (lbe) as blends for listeria control and quality biopreservation of african catfish mince (clarias gariepinus). chitosan could u ...201728655659
listeria placental infection.the gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a severe food-borne infection. pregnant women are at risk of contracting listeriosis, which can potentially lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and congenital neonatal infections. while other systemic bacterial infections may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes at comparable frequencies, l. monocytogenes has particular notoriety because fetal complications largely occu ...201728655824
listeria monocytogenes cytosolic metabolism promotes replication, survival, and evasion of innate immunity.listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of listeriosis, is an intracellular pathogen that is exquisitely evolved to survive and replicate in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. eukaryotic cells typically restrict bacteria from colonising the cytosol, likely through a combination of cell autonomous defences, nutritional immunity, and innate immune responses including induction of programmed cell death. this suggests that l. monocytogenes and other professional cytosolic pathogens possess unique ...201728656691
e3 ubiquitin ligase znrf4 negatively regulates nod2 signalling and induces tolerance to mdp.optimal regulation of the innate immune receptor nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (nod2) is essential for controlling bacterial infections and inflammatory disorders. chronic nod2 stimulation induces non-responsiveness to restimulation, termed nod2-induced tolerance. although the levels of the nod2 adaptor, rip2, are reported to regulate both acute and chronic nod2 signalling, how rip2 levels are modulated is unclear. here we show that znrf4 induces k48-linked ubiqu ...201728656966
lanosterol modulates tlr4-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages.macrophages perform critical functions in both innate immunity and cholesterol metabolism. here, we report that activation of toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) in macrophages causes lanosterol, the first sterol intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, to accumulate. this effect is due to type i interferon (ifn)-dependent histone deacetylase 1 (hdac1) transcriptional repression of lanosterol-14α-demethylase, the gene product of cyp51a1. lanosterol accumulation in macrophages, because of ei ...201728658622
physiological and molecular understanding of bacterial polysaccharide monooxygenases.bacteria have long been known to secrete enzymes that degrade cellulose and chitin. the degradation of these two polymers predominantly involves two enzyme families that work synergistically with one another: glycoside hydrolases (ghs) and polysaccharide monooxygenases (pmos). although bacterial pmos are a relatively recent addition to the known biopolymer degradation machinery, there is an extensive amount of literature implicating pmo in numerous physiological roles. this review focuses on the ...201728659491
biopreservative efficacy of bacteriocin bacfl31 in raw ground turkey meat in terms of microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory qualities.the effect of the semi purified bacteriocin bacfl31 at 200 and 400 au/g on the shelf life of refrigerated raw ground turkey meat was investigated. the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory properties of the meat samples were examined during refrigerated storage. the findings indicated that bacfl31 treatments were effective (p<0.05) against the proliferation of various spoilage microorganisms and suppressed the growth of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium. the ph, % met-mb, ...201728659558
strand specific rna-sequencing and membrane lipid profiling reveals growth phase-dependent cold stress response mechanisms in listeria monocytogenes.the human pathogen listeria monocytogenes continues to pose a challenge in the food industry, where it is known to contaminate ready-to-eat foods and grow during refrigerated storage. increased knowledge of the cold-stress response of this pathogen will enhance the ability to control it in the food-supply-chain. this study utilized strand-specific rna sequencing and whole cell fatty acid (fa) profiling to characterize the bacterium's cold stress response. rna and fas were extracted from a cold-t ...201728662112
prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of cerebrospinal fluid pathogens in children with acute bacterial meningitis in yunnan province, china, 2012-2015.acute bacterial meningitis is still considered one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in children. to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) pathogens in children with acute bacterial meningitis in southwest china, csf samples from 179 meningitis patients (3 days to 12 years old) with positive culture results were collected from 2012 to 2015. isolated pathogens were identified using the vitek-32 system. gram stain results were used to gu ...201728662145
tracking of listeria monocytogenes in meat establishment using whole genome sequencing as a food safety management tool: a proof of concept.repeated listeria outbreaks particularly associated with ready-to-eat (rte) delicatessen meat products have been reported annually at global level. the most frequent scenario that led to foodborne outbreaks was the post-thermal treatment cross-contamination of deli meat products during slicing and modified atmosphere packaging (map). the precondition for such cross contamination is the previous introduction of listeria into meat processing facilities and subsequent colonization of the production ...201728666130
cleaning and disinfection of biofilms composed of listeria monocytogenes and background microbiota from meat processing surfaces.surfaces of food processing premises are exposed to regular cleaning and disinfection (c&d) regimes, using biocides that are highly effective against bacteria growing as planktonic cells. however, bacteria growing in surface associated communities (biofilms) are typically more tolerant towards c&d than their individual free cells counterparts, and survival of pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes may be affected by interspecies interactions within biofilms. in this study, pseudomonas and acin ...201728667108
internalization of listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupes during dump tank washing and hydrocooling.recent listeriosis outbreaks and recalls associated with cantaloupes urge for studies to understand the mechanisms of cantaloupe contamination by listeria monocytogenes. postharvest practices such as washing and hydrocooling were suggested to facilitate the contamination of fresh fruits by human pathogens. this study assessed the potential of l. monocytogenes internalization into cantaloupes during dump tank washing and immersion-type hydrocooling in water contaminated with l. monocytogenes. the ...201728667935
inactivation of viruses and bacteria on strawberries using a levulinic acid plus sodium dodecyl sulfate based sanitizer, taking sensorial and chemical food safety aspects into account.the efficacy of levulinic acid (lva) in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) in removal of foodborne viruses, enteric bacterial pathogens and their surrogates on fresh strawberries was investigated. inoculated strawberries were treated with potable water, sodium hypochlorite solution (50ppm), 0.5% lva plus 0.5% sds solution, and 5% lva plus 2% sds solution respectively for 2min, followed by spray-rinsing with potable water. water washing removed at least 1.0-log of the tested viral and ...201728668727
cd8(+) memory t-cell inflation renders compromised cd4(+) t-cell-dependent cd8(+) t-cell immunity via naïve t-cell anergy.whether inflation of cd8(+) memory t (mt) cells, which is often derived from repeated prime-boost vaccinations or chronic viral infections in the elderly, would affect late cd8(+) t-cell immunity is a long-standing paradox. we have previously established an animal model with mt-cell inflation by transferring cona-stimulated monoclonal cd8(+) t cells derived from ova-specific t-cell-receptor transgenic oti mice into irradiation-induced lymphopenic b6 mice. in this study, we also established anoth ...201728670575
implications of neuroinvasive bacterial peptides on rodents behaviour and neurotransmission.neuroinvasive microbes are capable of applying their influences on the autonomic nervous system (ans) of the host followed by the involvement of central nervous system (cns) by releasing extracellular metabolites that may cause alterations in the biochemical and neurophysiological environment. consequently synaptic, neuroendocrine, peripheral immune, neuro-immune, and behavioural responses of the host facilitate the progression of infection. the present study was designed to extrapolate the effe ...201728671588
inflammasome and fas-mediated il-1β contributes to th17/th1 cell induction in pathogenic bacterial infection in vivo.cd4(+) th cells play crucial roles in orchestrating immune responses against pathogenic microbes, after differentiating into effector subsets. recent research has revealed the importance of ifn-γ and il-17 double-producing cd4(+) th cells, termed th17/th1 cells, in the induction of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. in addition, th17/th1 cells are involved in the regulation of infection caused by the intracellular bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. however, the precise mechanism ...201728674179
survival of a native toxigenic isolate of listeria monocytogenes cfr 1302 during storage of milk-based foods can be a potential cause of health risk.the ability of a native toxigenic culture of listeria monocytogenes cfr 1302 to survive and elaborate associated toxigenic trait in ice cream and mango pulp-based lactic fermented milk was studied. the culture of l. monocytogenes inoculated at two initial levels of 4.6 and 5.6 log10 cfu/ml almost remained unaltered during storage of the food products. however, in both the milk-based products, a marginal increase in viable population was observed during 2-4 d of storage as against the initial ino ...201728675967
septicemia and meningoencephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes in two neonatal llamas.listeriosis is a disease of humans and domestic mammals (mainly ruminants) with variable manifestations, primarily encephalitis, septicemia, and abortion. although listeria monocytogenes readily causes illness in ruminants, the prevalence among domestic south american camelids (llamas and alpacas) is low and has not been documented in their wild counterparts, the vicuna and guanaco. we describe herein the clinical signs, autopsy findings, and histopathology of septicemia and suppurative meningoe ...201728677403
mesoporous tungsten oxides with crystalline framework for highly sensitive and selective detection of foodborne pathogens.foodborne pathogens like listeria monocytogenes can cause various illnesses and pose a serious threat to public health. they produce species-specific microbial volatile organic compounds, i.e., the biomarkers, making it possible to indirectly measure microbial contamination in foodstuff. herein, highly ordered mesoporous tungsten oxides with high surface areas and tunable pores have been synthesized and used as sensing materials to achieve an exceptionally sensitive and selective detection of tr ...201728683546
a cysteine protease (cathepsin z) from disk abalone, haliotis discus discus: genomic characterization and transcriptional profiling during bacterial infections.cathepsin z (ctsz) is lysosomal cysteine protease of the papain superfamily. it participates in the host immune defense via phagocytosis, signal transduction, cell-cell communication, proliferation, and migration of immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. hence, ctsz is also acknowledged as an acute-phase protein in host immunity. in this study, we sought to identify the ctsz homolog from disk abalone (abctsz) and characterize it at the molecular, genomic, and transcrip ...201728687334
fast detection of listeria monocytogenes through a nanohybrid quantum dot complex.listeria monocytogenes is a recognized foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis in susceptible consumers. currently, the detection systems for listeria in food detect live and dead bacteria, being the viable microorganisms most relevant for their ability to cause sickness in the population at risk. for this reason, a new nanohybrid compound was developed for the optical detection of listeria that was based on polyamidoamine dendrimers functionalized with an auxotrophic cofactor (lipoic acid), ...201728689324
molecular docking based screening of listeriolysin-o for improved inhibitors.listeriolysine-o (llo) is a 50kda protein responsible for listeria monocytogenes pathogenicity. the structure of llo (pdb id: 4cdb) with domains d1 to d4 is known. therefore, it is of interest to identify conserved regions among llo variants for destabilizing oligomerization (50 mer complex) of its monomers using appropriate inhibitors. therefore, it is of interest to identify suitable inhibitors for inhibiting llo. previous reports suggest the use of flavanoids like compounds for inhibiting llo ...201728690383
synergistic antimicrobial combinations inhibit and inactivate listeria monocytogenes in neutral and acidic broth systems.the use of antimicrobial compounds can be an effective approach to control listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods, but it can also be limited by cost, restrictions on concentrations in foods, and potential changes to organoleptic properties. combinatorial approaches that produce additive or synergistic effects allow for reductions in individual antimicrobial concentrations while achieving the same level of control. the present study determined the mic and mbc of an antimicrobial compound w ...201728691884
strategies for pathogen biocontrol using lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites: a focus on meat ecosystems and industrial environments.the globalization of trade and lifestyle ensure that the factors responsible for the emergence of diseases are more present than ever. despite biotechnology advancements, meat-based foods are still under scrutiny because of the presence of pathogens, which causes a loss of consumer confidence and consequently a fall in demand. in this context, lactic acid bacteria (lab) as gras organisms offer an alternative for developing pathogen-free foods, particularly avoiding listeria monocytogenes, with m ...201728696370
comparison among the quantification of bacterial pathogens by qpcr, dpcr, and cultural methods.the demand for rapid methods for the quantification of pathogens is increasing. among these methods, those based on nucleic acids amplification (quantitative pcrs) are the most widespread worldwide. together with the qpcr, a new approach named digital pcr (dpcr), has rapidly gained importance. the aim of our study was to compare the results obtained using two different dpcr systems and one qpcr in the quantification of three different bacterial pathogens: listeria monocytogenes, francisella tula ...201728702010
thioredoxin a is essential for motility and contributes to host infection of listeria monocytogenes via redox interactions.microbes employ the thioredoxin system to defend against oxidative stress and ensure correct disulfide bonding to maintain protein function. listeria monocytogenes has been shown to encode a putative thioredoxin, trxa, but its biological roles and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. here, we showed that expression of l. monocytogenes trxa is significantly induced in bacteria treated with the thiol-specific oxidizing agent, diamide. deletion of trxa markedly compromised tolerance of the pathoge ...201728702378
characterization and application of antilisterial enterocins on model fresh cheese.enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from an artisanal cheese were selected based on enterocin production against listeria monocytogenes. the strains formed biofilms and presented high hydrophobic character and good autoaggregation and coaggregation capacity with l. monocytogenes. strains l3a21m3 and l3b1k3 presented high survival under gastrointestinal conditions, were able to adhere to human intestinal cells (caco-2 and ht-29), and blocked the adhesion and invasion of l. monocytogenes. the a ...201728703625
development of antimicrobial packaging film made from poly(lactic acid) incorporating titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles.polylactide (pla)/nano-tio₂ and pla/nano-tio₂/nano-ag blends films were prepared by a solvent volatilization method. compared to pure pla film, the nano-blend films have low water vapor permeability (wvp) and a poor transparency. with the increase of the nps in the pla, the tensile strength (ts) and elastic modulus (em) decreased, while the elongation at break (ε) increased. sem analysis indicated a rougher cross-section of the nano-blend films. according to the ftir analysis, no new chemical bo ...201728703753
sglt1 deficiency turns listeria infection into a lethal disease in mice.cellular glucose uptake may involve either non-concentrative glucose carriers of the glut family or na+-coupled glucose-carrier sglt1, which accumulates glucose against glucose gradients and may thus accomplish cellular glucose uptake even at dramatically decreased extracellular glucose concentrations. sglt1 is not only expressed in epithelia but as well in tumour cells and immune cells. immune cell functions strongly depend on their metabolism, therefore we hypothesized that deficiency of sglt1 ...201728704812
development and characterization of bioactive edible films from spider crab (maja crispata) chitosan incorporated with spirulina extract.active food packaging films based on crab chitosan and spirulina extract (se) were developed. the effects of the se incorporation at different levels on physical (color, opacity water vapor and oxygen permeability) and mechanical (tensile strength and elongation at break) properties of chitosan films were investigated. ftir was carried out to observe the potential modifications of the chitosan films when incorporated with se. the obtained results suggested that incorporation of se into chitosan ...201728705500
a genetically modified attenuated listeria vaccine expressing hpv16 e7 kill tumor cells in direct and antigen-specific manner.attenuated listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes, lm) induces specific cd8(+) and cd4(+) t cell responses, and has been identified as a promising cancer vaccine vector. cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide, with human papillomavirus (hpv), particularly type 16, being the main etiological factor. the therapeutic hpv vaccines are urgently needed. the e7 protein of hpv is necessary for maintaining malignancy in tumor cells. here, a genetically modified attenuated lm ...201728706878
growth kinetics of listeria monocytogenes in cut produce.cut produce continues to constitute a significant portion of the fresh fruit and vegetables sold directly to consumers. as such, the safety of these items during storage, handling, and display remains a concern. cut tomatoes, cut leafy greens, and cut melons, which have been studied in relation to their ability to support pathogen growth, have been specifically identified as needing temperature control for safety. data are needed on the growth behavior of foodborne pathogens in other types of cu ...201728708030
hyperinvasiveness and increased intercellular spread of listeria monocytogenes sequence type 1 are independent of listeriolysin s, internalin f and internalin j1.listeria monocytogenes is a genetically heterogeneous species, which is divided into evolutionary lineages and clonal complexes (ccs). not all l. monocytogenes isolates are equally likely to cause disease, with cc1, and in particular sequence type (st) 1, being the most prevalent complex in human and ruminant infections and more specifically in neurolisteriosis. while the major factors that determine neurotropism are unknown, the l. monocytogenes cc1 strains harbour listeriolysin s (lls) and par ...201728708050
variations in biofilm formation, desiccation resistance and benzalkonium chloride susceptibility among listeria monocytogenes strains isolated in canada.listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic foodborne microorganism noted for its ability to survive in the environment and food processing facilities. survival may be related to the phenotype of individual strains including the ability to form biofilms and resist desiccation and/or sanitizer exposure. the objectives of this research were to compare 14 l. monocytogenes strains isolated from blood (3), food (6) and water (5) with respect to their benzalkonium chloride (bac) sensitivity, desiccation re ...201728710947
development of an isothermal amplification-based assay for the rapid visual detection of salmonella bacteria.the efficient and timely detection of pathogens is a major concern worldwide. the aim of this study was to establish a rapid detection method for salmonella bacteria in food samples to facilitate timely treatment. widely used detection methods currently include culture-based methods and pcr-based methods. the former are time consuming, requiring 2 to 3 d, whereas the latter have higher accuracy but are typically complicated, requiring expertise and expensive instruments. in this study, a sensiti ...201728711269
listeria monocytogenes pdee, a phosphodiesterase that contributes to virulence and has hydrolytic activity against cyclic mononucleotides and cyclic dinucleotides.we have identified and partially characterized a putative hd domain hydrolase, lmof2365_2464, which is highly expressed during listerial intracellular replication. lmof2365_2464 is annotated as a putative hd domain-containing hydrolase. the ability of an isogenic mutant strain, f2365δ2464, to adhere, invade and replicate in intestinal epithelial cells (caco-2) was significantly lower than parent strain f2365. colonization of mouse liver and spleen by l. monocytogenes f2365 was significantly high ...201728711509
[listeriosis of central nervous system in patients with ulcerative colitis - case study].in the recently an increase morbidity inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis was observed. the use of purine analogs and their metabolites are associated with a higher incidence of infections in this group of patients. listeriosis is an infectious disease caused by a relatively anaerobic gram-positive bacteria - listeria monocytogenes. common symptoms include fever, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, but these pathogens can also cause myocarditis, central nervous system infections, ...201728713103
detection of eight foodborne bacterial pathogens by oligonucleotide array hybridization.simultaneous and rapid detection of multiple foodborne bacterial pathogens is important for the prevention of foodborne illnesses.201728713514
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