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antimicrobial efficacy and safety of mucoadhesive exopolymer produced by acinetobacter haemolyticus.this study evaluated five extracellular polymers of bacterial origin possessing mucoadhesive properties for their antimicrobial properties and toxicological characteristics. of the five tested mucoadhesive biopolymers, the extracellular polymer produced by a strain of acinetobacter haemolyticus exhibited broad antimicrobial efficacy towards yersinia enterocolitica, salmonella typhimurium, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7 and bacillus subtilis. significant (p<0.05) inhibition of g ...201727720965
listeria monocytogenes encodes a functional esx-1 secretion system whose expression is detrimental to in vivo infection.bacterial pathogenicity deeply depends on the ability to secrete virulence factors that bind specific targets on host cells and manipulate host responses. the gram-positive bacterium listeria monocytogenes is a human foodborne pathogen that remains a serious public health concern. to transport proteins across its cell envelope, this facultative intracellular pathogen engages a set of specialized secretion systems. here we show that l. monocytogenes egde uses a specialized secretion system, named ...201627723420
the effect of different matrices on the growth kinetics and heat resistance of listeria monocytogenes and lactobacillus plantarum.microbial growth and inactivation kinetics in food can be predicted when the effects of food properties and environmental conditions on microbial responses are available. however the effects of these intrinsic and extrinsic variables on microbial kinetics are often obtained using laboratory media, and deviations between predictions and true behaviour might occur if the specific effect of a food product is not known or considered in the prediction. therefore, knowing the food specific effect on m ...201627723494
whole genome-based population biology and epidemiological surveillance of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a major human foodborne pathogen. numerous lm outbreaks have been reported worldwide and associated with a high case fatality rate, reinforcing the need for strongly coordinated surveillance and outbreak control. we developed a universally applicable genome-wide strain genotyping approach and investigated the population diversity of lm using 1,696 isolates from diverse sources and geographical locations. we define, with unprecedented precision, the population struc ...201627723724
diversity of listeria monocytogenes strains of clinical and food chain origins in belgium between 1985 and 2014.listeriosis is a rare but severe disease, mainly caused by listeria monocytogenes. this study shows the results of the laboratory-based surveillance of listeriosis in belgium over the period 1985-2014. besides the incidence and some demographic data we present also more detailed microbiological and molecular characteristics of human strains isolated since 2000. the strains from the latter period were compared to food and animal strains from the same period. our study shows that different food ma ...201627723768
genetic subtyping of listeria monocytogenes via multiple-locus sequence typing using iap, sigb and acta.pulse field gel electrophoresis (pfge) is widely used for listeriosis surveillance. although this technique is effective for epidemiology, the data among laboratories are inconsistent. we previously reported a method for listeria monocytogenes subtyping combined with sequence analysis of partial iap and whole genome restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) using xbai, clai (baniii) and psti. however, distinguishing subtypes was challenging, because the output comprised complicated fragmen ...201727725353
acta of listeria monocytogenes and its manifold activities as an important listerial virulence factor.listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitously occurring gram-positive bacterium in the environment that causes listeriosis, one of the deadliest foodborne infections known today. it is a versatile facultative intracellular pathogen capable of growth within the host's cytosolic compartment. following entry into the host cell, l. monocytogenes escapes from vacuolar compartments to the cytosol, where the bacterium begins a remarkable journey within the host cytoplasm, culminating in bacterial spread fro ...201727726006
the development of methods for the detection of salmonella in chickens by a combination of immunomagnetic separation and pcrs.micro- and nanoimmunomagnetic beads (mimbs and nimbs) used for immunomagnetic separation (ims) with pcr were studied for the rapid detection of salmonella. the capture efficiency of the two different imbs was evaluated by a conventional plate counting method, and the binding pattern was studied using scanning electron microscopy. the specificity of the imbs was tested with salmonella, shigella flexneri, enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes. by comparing the pre- ...201627730684
epitope-specific vaccination limits clonal expansion of heterologous naive t cells during viral challenge.despite robust secondary t cell expansion primed by vaccination, the impact on primary immune responses to heterotypic antigens remains undefined. here we show that secondary expansion of epitope-specific memory cd8(+) t cells primed by prior infection with recombinant pathogens limits the primary expansion of naive cd8(+) t cells with specificity to new heterologous antigens, dampening protective immunity against subsequent pathogen challenge. the degree of naive t cell repression directly para ...201627732841
enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase i (fabi) is essential for the intracellular growth of listeria monocytogenes.enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase catalyzes the last step in each elongation cycle of type ii bacterial fatty acid synthesis and is a key regulatory protein in bacterial fatty acid synthesis. genes of the facultative intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes encode two functional enoyl-acyl carrier protein isoforms based on their ability to complement the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype of escherichia coli strain jp1111 [fabi(ts)]. the fabi isoform was inactivated by the fabi selec ...201627736774
inlp, a new virulence factor with strong placental tropism.intrauterine infection is a major detriment for maternal-child health and occurs despite local mechanisms that protect the maternal-fetal interface from a wide variety of pathogens. the bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes causes spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and preterm labor in humans and serves as a model for placental pathogenesis. given the unique immunological environment of the maternal-fetal interface, we hypothesized that virulence determinants with placental tropism are requir ...201627736782
genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes plasmid plm-c-273 carrying genes related to stress resistance.mobile genetic elements in bacteria, such as plasmids, act as important vectors for the transfer of antibiotic resistance, virulence, and metal resistance genes. here, we report the genome sequence of a new plasmid plm-c-273, identified in a listeria monocytogenes strain isolated from a clinical sample in ontario, canada.201627738039
listeria monocytogenes infection of hd11, chicken macrophage-like cells.listeria monocytogenes can be carried by and infect poultry, although the clinical disease in birds is rare. escape from macrophage phagocytosis is a key step in pathogenesis for l. monocytogenes therefore, we investigated the infection of the chicken macrophage-like cell line hd11 with 2 strains of l. monocytogenes egd-e and scott a. after infection, l. monocytogenes was quantified by spread plating and hd11 was quantified with trypan blue exclusion stain before enumeration. the standard macrop ...201627738121
alteration of epithelial cell lysosomal integrity induced by bacterial cholesterol-dependent cytolysins.bacterial pathogens can interfere during infection with host cell organelles, such as mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum-golgi system or nuclei. as important cellular functions are often compartmentalized in these organelles, their targeting allows pathogens to manipulate key host functions during infection. here, we identify lysosomes as a new class of organelles targeted by the pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes. we demonstrate that extracellular listeria, via secretion of the po ...201727739224
effects of low nano2 and nacl concentrations on listeria monocytogenes growth in emulsion-type sausage.the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of nano2 and nacl concentrations on listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) growth in emulsion-type sausage.201727739291
comparative evaluation of direct plating and most probable number for enumeration of low levels of listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated ice cream products.a precise and accurate method for enumeration of low level of listeria monocytogenes in foods is critical to a variety of studies. in this study, paired comparison of most probable number (mpn) and direct plating enumeration of l. monocytogenes was conducted on a total of 1730 outbreak-associated ice cream samples that were naturally contaminated with low level of l. monocytogenes. mpn was performed on all 1730 samples. direct plating was performed on all samples using the rapid'l.mono (rlm) aga ...201727741432
active edible coating and γ-irradiation as cold combined treatments to assure the safety of broccoli florets (brassica oleracea l.).the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (eos), organic acid (oa) salts and natamycin, a natural antifungal produced during fermentation by the bacterium streptomyces natalensis, was assessed against four pathogens (escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium and aspergillus niger). the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of each antimicrobial (am) was assessed to determine their efficiency on tested microbial species in order to select the most efficient. the ...201727744210
raw ready-to-eat seafood safety: microbiological quality of the various seafood species available in fishery, hyper and online markets.microbiological quality of 206 raw ready-to-eat seafood samples was investigated according to species (gizzard shad, halibut, rockfish, tuna, oyster and squid) and distribution channels (fishery, hyper and online market). enumeration of aerobic plate count and total coliforms (tc) and pathogenic bacteria (bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus and vibrio parahaemolyticus) was performed, and level of microbiological quality was classified into four groups: satisfactory, acceptable, unsatisfactory ...201727747902
hydrogen peroxide-mediated conversion of coproheme to heme b by hemq-lessons from the first crystal structure and kinetic studies.heme biosynthesis in gram-positive bacteria follows a recently described coproporphyrin-dependent pathway with hemq catalyzing the decarboxylation of coproheme to heme b. here we present the first crystal structure of a hemq (homopentameric coproheme-hemq from listeria monocytogenes) at 1.69 å resolution and the conversion of coproheme to heme b followed by uv-vis and resonance raman spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. the ferric five-coordinated coproheme iron of hemq is weakly bound by ...201627758026
improving simultaneously the quality and safety of cooked and peeled shrimp using a cocktail of bioprotective lactic acid bacteria.tropical shrimp is of considerable economic importance in the world but is highly perishable due to microbial and chemical degradation. biopreservation is a food preservation technology based on the addition of "positive" bacteria able to kill or prevent the growth of undesirable microorganisms. two strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) have previously been selected for a biopreservation strategy: lactococcus piscium cncm i-4031, for its ability to prevent the sensory deterioration of seafood an ...201727760400
data on the effect of cytopiloyne against listeria monocytogenes infection in mice.cytopiloyne (cp), a novel polyacetylene compound extracted from b. pilosa, shows a multi-bioactivity, including immunomodulatory and antidiabetes. here, we investigated the anti-listeria effect of cytopiloyne in mice by assessing mortality, clearance of l. monocytogenes, and pathology examination. the data presented herein are supplemental to our research article entitled "cytopiloyne, a polyacetylenic glucoside from bidens pilosa, acts as a novel anticandidial agent via regulation of macrophage ...201627761492
interferon regulatory factor 4 controls th1 cell effector function and metabolism.the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (irf4) is essential for th2 and th17 cell formation and controls peripheral cd8(+) t cell differentiation. we used listeria monocytogenes infection to characterize the function of irf4 in th1 responses. irf4(-/-) mice generated only marginal numbers of listeria-specific th1 cells. after transfer into infected mice, irf4(-/-) cd4(+) t cells failed to differentiate into th1 cells as indicated by reduced t-bet and ifn-γ expression, and showed ...201627762344
identification of internalin-a-like virulent proteins in leishmania donovani.an active immune surveillance and a range of barriers to infection allow the host to effectively eliminate microbial pathogens. however, pathogens may use diverse strategies to subdue such host defences. for instance, one such mechanism is the use of leucine-rich repeat (lrr) proteins by pathogens (microbial) to cause infection. in this study, we aimed at identifying novel virulence factor(s) in leishmania donovani, based on the possibility of lateral gene transfers of bacterial virulence factor ...201627765050
fapr: from control of membrane lipid homeostasis to a biotechnological tool.phospholipids and fatty acids are not only one of the major components of cell membranes but also important metabolic intermediates in bacteria. since the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway is essential and energetically expensive, organisms have developed a diversity of homeostatic mechanisms to fine-tune the concentration of lipids at particular levels. fapr is the first global regulator of lipid synthesis discovered in bacteria and is largely conserved in gram-positive organisms including import ...201627766255
experience with rapid microarray-based diagnostic technology and antimicrobial stewardship for patients with gram-positive bacteremia.objective to describe the impact of rapid diagnostic microarray technology and antimicrobial stewardship for patients with gram-positive blood cultures. design retrospective pre-intervention/post-intervention study. setting a 1,200-bed academic medical center. patients inpatients with blood cultures positive for staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, e. faecium, streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, s. agalactiae, s. anginosus, streptococcus spp., and listeria monocytogenes during the 6 ...201627767002
rickettsia sca4 reduces vinculin-mediated intercellular tension to promote spread.spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae are human pathogens that infect cells in the vasculature. they disseminate through host tissues by a process of cell-to-cell spread that involves protrusion formation, engulfment, and vacuolar escape. other bacterial pathogens rely on actin-based motility to provide a physical force for spread. here, we show that sfg species rickettsia parkeri typically lack actin tails during spread and instead manipulate host intercellular tension and mechanotransduction t ...201627768890
isolation and partial characterization of 3 nontoxic d-galactose-specific isolectins from seeds of momordica balsamina.three isolectins denoted hereforth mbal-30, mbal-60, and mbal-80 were isolated from seeds extract of momordica balsamina by 30%, 60%, and 80% ammonium sulfate saturations, respectively. the native molecular weights of these lectins, as judged by gel filtration, were 108, 56, and 160 kda, respectively. on sds-page, under reduced condition, 27 kda band was obtained for all isolectins. the lectins hemagglutinating activities were variably inhibited by d-galactose (minimum inhibitory concentrations  ...201727774692
8-thioalkyl-adenosine derivatives inhibit listeria monocytogenes nad kinase through a novel binding mode.increased resistance of pathogens to existing antibiotics necessitates the search for novel targets to develop potent antimicrobials. biosynthetic pathways of several cofactors important for bacterial growth, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (nadp), have been proposed as a promising source of antibiotic targets. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinases (nadk; ec 2.7.1.23) are attractive for inhibitor development, since they catalyze the phosphorylation of nad to nadp, which i ...201627783975
met-activating residues in the b-repeat of the listeria monocytogenes invasion protein inlb.the facultative intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a rare but life-threatening disease. host cell entry begins with activation of the human receptor tyrosine kinase met through the bacterial invasion protein inlb, which contains an internalin domain, a b-repeat, and three gw domains. the internalin domain is known to bind met, but no interaction partner is known for the b-repeat. adding the b-repeat to the internalin domain potentiates met activation and is require ...201627789707
the scavenger receptor ssc5d physically interacts with bacteria through the srcr-containing n-terminal domain.the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (srcr) family comprises a group of membrane-attached or secreted proteins that contain one or more modules/domains structurally similar to the membrane distal domain of type i macrophage scavenger receptor. although no all-inclusive biological function has been ascribed to the srcr family, some of these receptors have been shown to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamp) of bacteria, fungi, or other microbes. ssc5d is a recently described solu ...201627790215
sakacin-a antimicrobial packaging for decreasing listeria contamination in thin-cut meat: preliminary assessment.minimally processed ready-to-eat products are considered a high-risk food because of the possibility of contamination with pathogenic bacteria, including listeria monocytogenes from the animal reservoir, and the minimal processing they undergo. in this study, a sakacin-a anti-listeria active package was developed and tested on thin-cut veal meat slices (carpaccio).201727790709
listeria infections of the eye.the bacterium listeria monocytogenes resides originally in the environment. infections of the eye have been induced experimentally; for example, in rabbits and guinea pigs. natural ocular infections occur in various animals; in most instances, they are induced exogenously; for example, by contaminated silage affecting primarily the conjunctiva, cornea, or the anterior chamber. sporadic infections as well as outbreaks have been described. in humans, besides exogenous infections, endogenous infect ...201727791252
suppressor mutations linking gpsb with the first committed step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in listeria monocytogenes.the cell division protein gpsb is a regulator of the penicillin binding protein a1 (pbp a1) in the gram-positive human pathogen listeria monocytogenes penicillin binding proteins mediate the last two steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis as they polymerize and cross-link peptidoglycan strands, the main components of the bacterial cell wall. it is not known what other processes are controlled by gpsb. l. monocytogenes gpsb mutants are unable to grow at 42°c, but we observed that spontaneous suppres ...201727795316
minibactenecins chbac7.nα and chbac7. nβ - antimicrobial peptides from leukocytes of the goat capra hircus.antimicrobial peptides (amps) of neutrophils play an important role in the animal and human host defenses. we have isolated two amps (average molecular masses of 2895.5 and 2739.3 da), with potent antimicrobial activity from neutrophils of the domestic goat (capra hircus). a structural analysis of the obtained peptides revealed that they encompass n-terminal fragments (1-21 and 1-22) of the proline-rich peptide bactenecin 7.5. the primary structure of caprine bactenecin 7.5 had been previously d ...027795854
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes biofilms by bacteriocin-producing bacteria isolated from mushroom substrate.this study was designed to investigate the ability of naturally occurring bacteria isolated from mushroom substrate to prevent biofilm formation by listeria monocytogenes or to remove existing biofilms in mushroom production facilities.201727797439
menin plays a critical role in the regulation of the antigen-specific cd8+ t cell response upon listeria infection.menin, a tumor suppressor protein, is encoded by the men1 gene in humans. certain germinal mutations of men1 induce an autosomal-dominant syndrome that is characterized by concurrent parathyroid adenomas and several other tumor types. although menin is also expressed in hematopoietic lineages, its role in cd8(+) t cells remains unclear. we generated menin(flox/flox) cd4-cre (menin-ko) mice by crossing menin(flox/flox) mice with cd4-cre transgenic (tg) mice to determine the role of menin in cd8(+ ...201627798149
adaptive response of listeria monocytogenes to heat, salinity and low ph, after habituation on cherry tomatoes and lettuce leaves.pathogens found on fresh produce may encounter low temperatures, high acidity and limited nutrient availability. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of habituation of listeria monocytogenes on cherry tomatoes or lettuce leaves on its subsequent response to inhibitory levels of acid, osmotic and heat stress. habituation was performed by inoculating lettuce coupons, whole cherry tomatoes or tryptic soy broth (tsb) with a three-strains composite of l. monocytogenes, which were further ...201627798688
antimicrobial activity of chitosan films with essential oils against listeria monocytogenes on cabbage.the highest incidence of listeriosis, due to consumption of ready-to-eat foods and fresh, shredded, minimally processed vegetables, occurs among pregnant women and the elderly. in order to reduce the prevalence of listeriosis among consumers, better protective measures are recommended. chitosan films, with or without added essential oils, represent a modern, safe method of preserving the quality of such vegetables and significantly reducing the incidence of listeria monocytogenes in these foods.201627800143
isolation of cronobacter spp. (enterobacter sakazakii) from artisanal mozzarella.cronobacter spp. (enterobacter sakazakii) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen capable of causing disease and even fatalities in newborn infants within the first weeks of life if consumed as part of the diet. premature and immunocompromised newborn infants are at particular risk. the microorganism has been isolated from a variety of foods including contaminated infant milk formula powder and milk powder substitute. the study aimed to evaluate the level of microbiological contamination in 47 sa ...201427800308
the capacity of listeria monocytogenes mutants with in-frame deletions in putative atp-binding cassette transporters to form biofilms and comparison with the wild type.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a food-borne pathogen responsible for human listeriosis, an invasive infection with high mortality rates. lm has developed efficient strategies for survival under stress conditions such as starvation and wide variations in temperature, ph, and osmolarity. therefore, lm can survive in food under multiple stress conditions. detailed studies to determine the mode of action of this pathogen for survival under stress conditions are important to control lm in food. it ha ...201427800311
listeria monocytogenes persistence in ready-to-eat sausages and in processing plants.listeria monocytogenes is of major concern in the fermented meat products and is able to persist in their processing environments. the aim of the present work was to evaluate the virulence profile and the persistence capacity of l. monocytogenes strains isolated in sardinian fermented sausages processing plants. food (ground meat, sausages at the end of acidification and ripening stage) and environmental samples (a total of n. 385), collected from 4 meat processing plants located in sardinia (it ...201427800316
study of growth potential of listeria monocytogenes in low fat salami: an innovative italian meat product.in the last years, consequently to ec regulation no. 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods, some italian food businnes operators (fbos) leaders in the meat sector, invested in research to develop innovative products such as low fat salami, containing up to 30% less fat than the traditional one. for fbos it is essential to demonstrate for each production process whether the substrate allows the growth of l. monocytogenes and whether l. monocytogenes could reach or exceed the limi ...201427800321
growth potential of listeria monocytogenes in sliced turkey bresaola packed in modified atmosphere.according to ec regulation no 2073/2005, for food business operators that produce ready-to-eat (rte) product, it is crucial to be able to demonstrate if the product supports the growth of listeria monocytogenes. the objective of the study was therefore to evaluate the behaviour of l. monocytogenes in sliced rte turkey bresaola (made by cured turkey breast 4.5% nacl, 1% sodium lactate, sodium nitrite 150 ppm and flavouring) during the shelf life of the product, simulating a contamination during t ...201427800323
hygienic-sanitary evaluation of sushi and sashimi sold in messina and catania, italy.sushi and sashimi are traditional japanese food, mostly consisting of raw seafood alone or in combination with rice. eating sushi and sashimi has become popular in many countries even outside japan. this food is not free from health risks such as ingestion of pathogenic bacteria or parasite. the aim of this study was to investigate on hygienic-sanitary quality of sushi and sashimi sold in the cities of messina and catania, southern italy. fifty samples (38 sushi and 12 sashimi) were analysed to ...201427800343
microbiological and chemical evaluation of helix spp. snails from local and non-eu markets, utilised as food in sardinia.with this study, 28 pools of snails of the genus helix, respectively helix aspersa (n=24) and helix vermiculata (n=4) were analysed. they were taken from snail farming and stores. the snails were from sardinia, other regions of italy, and from abroad. all the samples were examined as pool looking for these microbiological target: salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157, clostridium perfringens, norovirus and hepatitis a virus (hav). in the same pools, the concentration of ...201427800346
microbiological findings in ready-to-eat and precooked food distributed in public catering halls in cagliari province, italy.during this research 159 samples of ready-to-eat and precooked food were examined for the detection of salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, coagulase-positive staphylococci and enterobacteriaceae, bacterial count. all samples were negative for salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes; although a low count of coagulase-positive staphylococci (no. 5 samples) and e. coli (no. 3) was found. we proceeded with the identification of the isolates on every sample with high, modera ...201427800358
microbiological challenge testing for listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat food: a practical approach.food business operators (fbos) are the primary responsible for the safety of food they place on the market. the definition and validation of the product's shelf-life is an essential part for ensuring microbiological safety of food and health of consumers. in the frame of the regulation (ec) no 2073/2005 on microbiological criteria for foodstuffs, fbos shall conduct shelf-life studies in order to assure that their food does not exceed the food safety criteria throughout the defined shelf-life. in ...201427800369
characterisation of the microflora contaminating the wooden vats used for traditional sicilian cheese production.traditional sicilian cheese productions are carried out employing traditional wooden vats, called tina. many studies have highlighted the beneficial role of wooden dairy equipment by contributing to enriching the milk microflora and improving the acidification processes. the present work was undertaken to evaluate the safety of the wooden vats used to coagulate milk. to this purpose, the different microbial populations hosted onto the internal surfaces of the vats used to produce two different s ...201527800376
two episodes of listeriosis in pregnancy and newborns: investigation, problems and considerations.in january 2013, 3 strains of listeria monocytogenes isolated from one mother and her newborn and a second infant arrived at the institute for experimental veterinary medicine of latium and tuscany. at the same time the local health unit rome b sampled at retail a smoked salmon that was suspected to be involved in the transmission of the disease. the sample was tested for the presence of l. monocytogenes (uni en iso 11290: 2005 part 1 and 2). laboratory investigations have shown that all 3 strai ...201527800391
hygiene and welfare evaluation of pigs slaughtered in agritourisms.the slaughtering procedures at agritourism farms must be carried out in accordance with the general and hygiene requirements of regulations (ec) no 852 and 853/2004. in addition, regional laws define minimum requirements allowing some flexibility. piglets and finishing pigs are the most frequently slaughtered animal in sardinian agritourism farms. the aim of the present survey was to evaluate: the general and hygiene requirements of outbuilding slaughterhouses in agritourisms; the animal welfare ...201527800393
behaviour of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 during the cheese making of traditional raw-milk cheeses from italian alps.the behaviour of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 was studied during the manufacture and ripening of two traditional italian alps cheeses. each cheese type was manufactured in a pilot plan from raw cow milk (without the addition of starter cultures) artificially inoculated with l. monocytogenes and e. coli o157:h7 to a final concentration of about 4 log cfu/ml. the pathogens were enumerated throughout the cheese making and ripening processes to study their behaviour. when the ...201527800408
behaviour of listeria monocytogenes in artisanal raw milk pecorino umbro cheese: a microbiological challenge test.in the present study, a microbiological challenge test in artificially contaminated raw milk pecorino umbro cheese during cheese-making was carried out. raw ewe milk was contaminated by a suspension of particular listeria monocytogenes strains. the number of l. monocytogenes and l. monocytogenes dynamic growth were evaluated during cheese-making and storage. a significant decrease of the viable count of l. monocytogenes was observed during ripening and l. monocytogenes viable count was below the ...201527800412
evaluation of two loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods for the detection of salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes in artificially contaminated ready-to-eat fresh produce.in the present study, the effectiveness of two loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays was evaluated. samples of romaine lettuce, strawberries, cherry tomatoes, green onions and sour berries were inoculated with known dilutions (10(0)-10(8) cfu/g of produce) of s. enteritidis and l. monocytogenes. with lamp, assay pathogens can be detected in less than 60 min. the limits of detection of s. enteritidis and l. monocytogenes depended on the food sample tested and on the presence of enr ...201527800413
definition of a standard protocol to determine the growth potential of listeria monotgenes and yersinia enterocolitica in pork sausage produced in abruzzo region, italy.pork meat products consumed raw or after a short period of fermentation can be considered at risk for food safety. sausages (fresh sausage made from pork meat) are produced in several italian regions, with variation in ingredients. in some italian regions, including abruzzo, these products are frequently consumed raw or undercooked, after a variable period of fermentation. the european community food regulation promotes the use of challenge tests to determine safety levels. this study is aimed t ...201527800415
dietary effects of oregano (origanum vulgaris l.) plant or sweet chestnut (castanea sativa mill.) wood extracts on microbiological, chemico-physical characteristics and lipid oxidation of cooked ham during storage.the aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary effect of feeding pigs with diets enriched with sweet chestnut wood (castanea sativa mill.) or oregano (origanum vulgaris l.) extract on the microbiological and chemical characteristics of cooked pork ham. three groups of 10 pigs were fed with a control diet (ctrl), with the ctrl diet enriched with 0.2% of oregano extract (or) and with the ctrl diet enriched with 0.2% of sweet chestnut wood extract (scw), respectively. six cooked hams per group w ...201527800421
identification of listeria spp. strains isolated from meat products and meat production plants by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.listeriosis is a foodborne disease caused by listeria monocytogenes and is considered as a serious health problem, due to the severity of symptoms and the high mortality rate. recently, other listeria species have been associated with disease in human and animals. the aim of this study was to develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in order to simultaneously detect six listeria species (l. grayi, l. welshimeri, l. ivanovii, l. monocytogenes, l. seeligeri, l. innocua) in a single reac ...201527800422
in vitro evaluation of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated during traditional sicilian cheese making.bacteriocins are antimicrobial proteins produced by bacteria that inhibit the growth of other bacteria with a bactericidal or bacteriostatic mode of action. many lactic acid bacteria (lab) produce a high diversity of different bacteriocins. bacteriocinogenic lab are generally recognised as safe (gras) and useful to control the frequent development of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. for this reason they are commonly used as starter cultures in food fermentations. in this study, the authors ...201627800430
detection of food hazards in foods: comparison of real time polymerase chain reaction and cultural methods.foodstuffs should not contain microorganisms or their toxins or metabolites in quantities suggesting an unacceptable risk for human health. the detection of food hazards in foods is performed by several tests that produce results dependent on the analytical method used: an analytical reference method, defined as standard, is associated with each microbiological criterion laid down in regulation 2073/2005/ec, but, analytical methods other than the reference ones, in particular more rapid methods, ...201627800434
listeria spp. and listeria monocytogenes contamination in ready-to-eat sandwiches collected from vending machines.ready-to-eat (rte) food is characterised by a long shelf-life at refrigerated temperature and can be consumed as such, without any treatment. the aim of the work was to evaluate the presence of listeria spp. and listeria monocytogenes in rtes collected from refrigerated vending machines placed in hospital environment and accessible to the hospitalised patients. in 4 different sampling, 55 rtes were collected from vending machines of six hospitals located in different areas of sardinia region. al ...201627800439
evolution of the microbiological profile of vacuum-packed ricotta salata cheese during shelf-life.ricotta salata cheese is a salted variety of ricotta traditionally made in sardinia (italy) from the whey remaining after the production of pecorino romano protected designation of origin or other sheep milk cheeses. ricotta salata cheese is very critical for the possible growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. sporadic cases of listeriosis associated with ricotta salata cheese have been reported over recent years. the objective of the present study was to assess the evolution of spoil ...201627800440
the listeria monocytogenes pasta kinase prka and its substrate yvck are required for cell wall homeostasis, metabolism, and virulence.obstacles to bacterial survival and replication in the cytosol of host cells, and the mechanisms used by bacterial pathogens to adapt to this niche are not well understood. listeria monocytogenes is a well-studied gram-positive foodborne pathogen that has evolved to invade and replicate within the host cell cytosol; yet the mechanisms by which it senses and responds to stress to survive in the cytosol are largely unknown. to assess the role of the l. monocytogenes penicillin-binding-protein and ...201627806131
resistance to biocides in listeria monocytogenes collected in meat-processing environments.the emergence of microorganisms exerting resistance to biocides is a challenge to meat-processing environments. bacteria can be intrinsically resistant to biocides but resistance can also be acquired by adaptation to their sub-lethal concentrations. moreover, the presence of biocide resistance determinants, which is closely linked to antibiotic resistance determinants, could lead to co-selection during disinfection practices along the food chain, and select cross-resistant foodborne pathogens. t ...201627807430
outbreaks and factors influencing microbiological contamination of fresh produce.fresh fruits and vegetables are nutritionally well-recognised as healthy components in diets. the microbiological foodborne outbreaks associated with the consumption of fresh produce have been increasing. salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, staphylococcus aureus, campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes are the most common pathogens that contaminate fresh produce. this review discusses recent foodborne outbreaks linked to fresh produce, factors that affect microbiological contaminati ...201727807844
tolerance to quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants may enhance growth of listeria monocytogenes in the food industry.the antibacterial effect of disinfectants is crucial for the control of listeria monocytogenes in food processing environments. tolerance of l. monocytogenes to sublethal levels of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (qac) is conferred by the resistance determinants qach and bcrabc. the presence and distribution of these genes have been anticipated to have a role in the survival and growth of l. monocytogenes in food processing environments where qac based disinfectants are in c ...201727810443
a study of the potential release of bioaerosols from containers as a result of reduced frequency residual waste collections.microorganisms have the potential to grow within waste containers if waste is stored for longer periods as a result of an extended residual waste collection cycle. release of microorganisms as bioaerosols during waste collection and processing may be an occupational risk to workers within the industry. there may be many constituents of the bioaerosol that may be of concern, however, there are currently only workplace exposure limits proposed for endotoxin (90eum(-3)). a field-scale trial was est ...201727810739
effectiveness of washing procedures in reducing salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes on a raw leafy green vegetable (eruca vesicaria).vegetables are an important source of nutrients, but they can host a large microbial population, particularly bacteria. foodborne pathogens can contaminate raw vegetables at any stage of their production process with a potential for human infection. appropriate washing can mitigate the risk of foodborne illness consequent to vegetable consumption by reducing pathogen levels, but few data are available to assess the efficacy of different practices. in the present work, six different washing metho ...201627812356
prevalence, and virulence determination of listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical and non-clinical samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.this study aimed to determine the prevalence, and virulence factors of listeria monocytogenes isolated from various samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr).201627812659
purification and characterization of a novel anti-campylobacter bacteriocin produced by lactobacillus curvatus dn317.the lactic acid bacteria (lab) microbiota of saudi chicken ceca was determined. from 60 samples, 204 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were obtained. three isolates produced antimicrobial activities against campylobacter jejuni, listeria monocytogenes, and bacillus subtilis. the isolate dn317, which had the highest activity against campylobacter jejuni atcc 33560, was identified as lactobacillus curvatus (genbank accession numbers: kx353849 and kx353850). full inhibitory activity was observed aft ...201627812926
the impact of a cold chain break on the survival of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes on minimally processed 'conference' pears during their shelf life.in recent years, improved detection methods and increased fresh-cut processing of produce have led to an increased number of outbreaks associated with fresh fruits and vegetables. during fruit and vegetable processing, natural protective barriers are removed and tissues are cut, causing nutrient rich exudates and providing attachment sites for microbes. consequently, fresh-cut produce is more susceptible to microbial proliferation than whole produce.201627813092
short communication: investigation into mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in pasteurized milk in italy.this study investigated the presence of viable mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) in pasteurized milk produced by italian industrial dairy plants to verify the prediction of a previously performed risk assessment. the study analyzed 160 one-liter bottles of pasteurized milk from 2 dairy plants located in 2 different regions. traditional cultural protocols were applied to 500ml of pasteurized milk for each sample. the investigation focused also on the pasteurization parameters and da ...201727816242
il-37 impairs host resistance to listeria infection by suppressing macrophage function.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive intracellular bacterium that was transmitted through contaminated food and causes sepsis and even death. il-37 has been described as an important anti-inflammatory factor, but little is known about the function of il-37 in host defense against liseria monocytogenes (lm) infection. in mice model of systemic infection, we found that mice treated with il-37 were more sensitive to lm infection compared with pbs-treated mice. this reduced resistance to lm in ...201727816450
structure to function of an α-glucan metabolic pathway that promotes listeria monocytogenes pathogenesis.here we employ a 'systems structural biology' approach to functionally characterize an unconventional α-glucan metabolic pathway from the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes (lm). crystal structure determination coupled with basic biochemical and biophysical assays allowed for the identification of anabolic, transport, catabolic and regulatory portions of the cycloalternan pathway. these findings provide numerous insights into cycloalternan pathway function and reveal the mechanism of rep ...201627819654
determination of virulence and antibiotic resistance pattern of biofilm producing listeria species isolated from retail raw milk.one of the foodborne pathogens is listeria monocytogenes, which causes serious invasive illness in elderly and immunocompromised patients, pregnant women, newborns and infants ranking second after salmonellosis because of its high case fatality rate. listerial cow mastitis marked by abnormal milk, increased cell counts and reduced production has not been reported. therefore, apparently healthy cows can be reservoirs of l. monocytogenes. a number of 203 udder milk samples from apparently healthy ...201627821054
listeria monocytogenes-induced cell death inhibits the generation of cell-mediated immunity.the influence of cell death on adaptive immunity has been studied for decades. despite these efforts, the intricacies of how various cell death pathways shape immune responses in the context of infection remain unclear, particularly with regard to more recently discovered pathways such as pyroptosis. the emergence of listeria monocytogenes as a promising immunotherapeutic platform demands a thorough understanding of how cell death induced in the context of infection influences the generation of ...201727821585
comparative genomics reveals the diversity of restriction-modification systems and dna methylation sites in listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen that is found in a wide variety of anthropogenic and natural environments. genome sequencing technologies are rapidly becoming a powerful tool in facilitating our understanding of how genotype, classification phenotypes, and virulence phenotypes interact to predict the health risks of individual bacterial isolates. currently, 57 closed l. monocytogenes genomes are publicly available, representing three of the four phylogenetic lineages, and they sug ...201727836852
study of the antibacterial activity of electro-activated solutions of salts of weak organic acids on salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes.this work assessed the antibacterial activity of electro-activated solutions of salts of weak organic acids (potassium acetate, potassium citrate and calcium lactate) on salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. this activity was compared in terms of minimal inhibitory (bactericidal) concentration to the effect of commercial acetic, citric and lactic acid at equivalent titratable acidity. staining live/dead baclight method was used to consider physiological state of ...201727838894
the biofilm lifestyle involves an increase in bacterial membrane saturated fatty acids.biofilm formation on contact surfaces contributes to persistence of foodborne pathogens all along the food and feed chain. the specific physiological features of bacterial cells embedded in biofilms contribute to their high tolerance to environmental stresses, including the action of antimicrobial compounds. as membrane lipid adaptation is a vital facet of bacterial response when cells are submitted to harsh or unstable conditions, we focused here on membrane fatty acid composition of biofilm ce ...201627840623
development of a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction for rapid and simultaneous identification of common foodborne pathogens in soft cheese.dairy products can harbor various microorganisms (e.g., campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli) arising from animal reservoirs, and which can become important sources of foodborne illness. therefore, early detection of food pathogens is crucial to prevent diseases. we wished to develop an accurate quantitative protocol based on a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddpcr) involving eight individual taqman™ reactions to detect ...201627840628
extracts containing clps of bacillus amyloliquefaciens jn68 isolated from chicken intestines exert antimicrobial effects, particularly on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes.bacillus amyloliquefaciens jn68, which has been discussed with regards to its antimicrobial activities, was successfully isolated from healthy chicken intestines in the present study. using the spot-on-the-lawn antagonism method, the preliminary study indicated that a suspension culture of the b. amyloliquefaciens jn68 strain can inhibit the growth of aspergillus niger and penicillium pinophilum. furthermore, the cyclic lipopeptides (clps) produced by the b. amyloliquefaciens jn68 strain were fu ...201627840979
listeria monocytogenes sequence type 1 is predominant in ruminant rhombencephalitis.listeria (l.) monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen causing life-threatening infections in diverse mammalian species including humans and ruminants. as little is known on the link between strains and clinicopathological phenotypes, we studied potential strain-associated virulence and organ tropism in l. monocytogenes isolates from well-defined ruminant cases of clinical infections and the farm environment. the phylogeny of isolates and their virulence-associated genes were analyzed by multi ...201627848981
enrichment dynamics of listeria monocytogenes and the associated microbiome from naturally contaminated ice cream linked to a listeriosis outbreak.microbiota that co-enrich during efforts to recover pathogens from foodborne outbreaks interfere with efficient detection and recovery. here, dynamics of co-enriching microbiota during recovery of listeria monocytogenes from naturally contaminated ice cream samples linked to an outbreak are described for three different initial enrichment formulations used by the food and drug administration (fda), the international organization of standardization (iso), and the united states department of agric ...201627852235
study of the population dynamics of listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas fluorescens in buffalo mozzarella by means of challenge testing.campania's buffalo mozzarella is a greatly appreciated cheese in italy and worldwide. from a microbiological standpoint, it is a highly perishable food and potentially at risk of contamination by pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes). the present paper reports the results of a challenge test carried out to assess the population dynamics of l. monocytogenes, alone and in presence of pseudomonas fluorescens (p. fluorescens), in buffalo mozzarella. for this purpose buffalo moz ...201627853707
differences in chemical, physical and microbiological characteristics of italian burrata cheeses made in artisanal and industrial plants of apulia region.the burrata cheese is a traditional product from southern italy, consisting of an envelope of pasta filata (stretched curd) filled with cream and pasta filata strips (usually leftovers from mozzarella production). physical [water activity (aw), ph], chemical (moisture, nacl content) and microbiological [total viable count (tvc), listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, enterobacteriaceae, coagulase-positive staphylococci] characteristic ...201627853715
thermal inactivation and growth potential of listeria monocytogenes in smoked tench.an experimental study for the evaluation of listeria monocytogenes inactivation during a hot smoking process in tench was performed using listeria innocua strains. furthermore, the survival of l. monocytogenes in smoked tench was determined after post-processing in contaminated samples, evaluating the growth potential during storage. l innocua was not detected after the smoking process. in the challenge test, the growth potential of l. monocytogenes was 5.68 log colony forming unit g(-1). the re ...201627853718
tid: standalone software for mining putative drug targets from bacterial proteome.tid is a standalone application, which relies on basic assumption that a protein must be essential for pathogens survival and non-homologous with host to qualify as putative target. with an input bacterial proteome, tid removes paralogous proteins, picks essential ones, and excludes proteins homologous with host organisms. the targets illustrate non-homology with at least 40 out of 84 gut microbes, considered safe for human. tid classifies proposed targets as known, novel and virulent. users can ...201727856224
lineage ii (serovar 1/2a and 1/2c) human listeria monocytogenes pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types divided into pfge groups using the band patterns below 145.5 kb.among 504 clinical lineage ii isolates of listeria monocytogenes isolated during 1958-2010 in sweden, 119 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) types (asci) have been identified based on the number and distribution of all banding patterns in each dna profile. in this study, these types were further divided into pfge groups based on the configuration of small bands with sizes <145.5 kb. the 504 isolates included 483 serovar 1/2a isolates distributed into 114 pfge types and 21 serovar 1/2c isola ...201727860487
emulsion stabilized with starch octenyl succinate prolongs nisin activity against listeria monocytogenes in a cantaloupe juice model.food safety related to fresh and fresh-cut produce, such as cantaloupe, is a great challenge in the food industry. various processing technologies, including the use of antimicrobial materials, have been applied to reduce pathogens. nisin, an antimicrobial peptide, shows strong inhibitory activity against listeria monocytogenes (lm); however, it suffers from quick depletion in foods. in this study, the protective effect of starch octenyl succinate (starch-os) stabilized emulsion on nisin was eva ...201627861862
mesothelin immunotherapy for cancer: ready for prime time?mesothelin is a tumor antigen that is highly expressed in many human cancers, including malignant mesothelioma and pancreatic, ovarian, and lung adenocarcinomas. it is an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy because its normal expression is limited to mesothelial cells, which are dispensable. several antibody-based therapeutic agents as well as vaccine and t-cell therapies directed at mesothelin are undergoing clinical evaluation. these include antimesothelin immunotoxins (ss1p, rg7787/lmb ...201627863199
microbial counts of mealworm larvae (tenebrio molitor) and crickets (acheta domesticus and gryllodes sigillatus) from different rearing companies and different production batches.the rising interest in insects for human consumption and the changing regulations in europe require a profound insight into the food safety of insects reared and sold in western society. the microbial quality of edible insects has only been studied occasionally. this study aimed at generating an overview of intrinsic parameters (ph, water activity and moisture content) and microbial quality of fresh mealworm larvae and crickets for several rearing companies and for several batches per rearer. in ...201727863329
infectious dose of listeria monocytogenes in outbreak linked to ice cream, united states, 2015.the relationship between the number of ingested listeria monocytogenes cells in food and the likelihood of developing listeriosis is not well understood. data from an outbreak of listeriosis linked to milkshakes made from ice cream produced in 1 factory showed that contaminated products were distributed widely to the public without any reported cases, except for 4 cases of severe illness in persons who were highly susceptible. the ingestion of high doses of l. monocytogenes by these patients inf ...201627869595
homologous prime-boost vaccination with ova entrapped in self-adjuvanting archaeosomes induces high numbers of ova-specific cd8⁺ t cells that protect against subcutaneous b16-ova melanoma.homologous prime-boost vaccinations with live vectors typically fail to induce repeated strong cd8⁺ t cell responses due to the induction of anti-vector immunity, highlighting the need for alternative delivery vehicles. the unique ether lipids of archaea may be constituted into liposomes, archaeosomes, which do not induce anti-carrier responses, making them an ideal candidate for use in repeat vaccination systems. herein, we evaluated in mice the maximum threshold of antigen-specific cd8⁺ t cell ...201627869670
inhibitory activity of avocado seed fatty acid derivatives (acetogenins) against listeria monocytogenes.high standards regarding listeria monocytogenes control and consumer demands for food products without synthetic additives represent a challenge to food industry. we determined the antilisterial properties of an enriched acetogenin extract (eae) from avocado seed, compared it to two commercial antimicrobials (one enriched in avocado acetogenins), and tested purified molecules. acetogenin composition in pulp and seed of hass avocado was quantified. eae were obtained by two sequential centrifuge p ...201727871119
a self-quenching-resistant carbon nanodot powder with multicolored solid-state fluorescence for ultra-fast staining of various representative bacterial species within one minute.in this study, we prepared self-quenching-resistant solid-state fluorescent carbon nanodots (sfcds) without any other solid matrices. the sfcds were prepared using a one-step microwave synthesis method through precise control of the heating power and time. the resulting sfcd powder showed excitation-dependent emission behavior with a maximum fluorescence quantum yield of 40%. the multicolored sfcds were successfully used as fluorescent agents for rapid staining of 14 representative bacterial spe ...201627874136
characteristics of volatile organic compounds produced from five pathogenic bacteria by headspace-solid phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.the characteristics of volatile compounds from five different bacterial species, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis, shigella flexneri, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes, growing, respectively, in trypticase soy broth were monitored by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the results showed that most volatile organic compounds (vocs) of five pathogens started to increase after the sixth to tenth hour. methyl ketones and long c ...201727874211
1926-2016: 90 years of listeriology.isopol - for "international symposium on problems of listeria and listeriosis" - meetings gather every three years since 1957 participants from all over the world and allow exchange and update on a wide array of topics concerning listeria and listeriosis, ranging from epidemiology, diagnostic and typing methods, to genomics, post-genomics, fundamental microbiology, cell biology and pathogenesis. the xixth isopol meeting took place in paris from june 14th to 17th, 2016 at institut pasteur. we pro ...201627876526
proliferation of listeria monocytogenes l-form cells by formation of internal and external vesicles.l-forms are cell wall-deficient bacteria that divide through unusual mechanisms, involving dynamic perturbations of the cellular shape and generation of vesicles, independently of the cell-division protein ftsz. here we describe ftsz-independent mechanisms, involving internal and external vesicles, by which listeria monocytogenes l-forms proliferate. using micromanipulation of single cells and vesicles, we show that small vesicles are formed by invagination within larger intracellular vesicles, ...201627876798
antibacterial potential of jatropha curcas synthesized silver nanoparticles against food borne pathogens.the aqueous leaf extract of jatropha curcas was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (jc-agnps) which were further evaluated for its antibacterial potential against food borne pathogens. j. curcas leaf extract could synthesize stable silver nanoparticles (zeta potential: -23.4 mv) with absorption band at 430 nm. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated various biological compounds responsible for capping and stabilizing jc-agnps in suspension, while the presence of silver was ...201627877160
enterocin b3a-b3b produced by lab collected from infant faeces: potential utilization in the food industry for listeria monocytogenes biofilm management.enterococcus faecalis b3a-b3b produces the bacteriocin b3a-b3b with activity against listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and clostridium perfringens, but apparently not against fungi or gram-negative bacteria, except for salmonella newport. b3a-b3b enterocin has two different nucleotides but similar amino acid composition to the class iib mr10a-mr10b enterocin. b3a-b3b consists of two peptides of predicted molecular mass of 5176.31 da ...201727878401
how can patients and their physicians contribute to an outbreak investigation? experiences from a nationwide listeriosis outbreak in switzerland.gathering patient information to contain an outbreak of listeria monocytogenes is difficult because of the patients' severe illness or death. extending the range of interviewees to acquire epidemiological data can thus be important to maximise information.201627878798
the brief case: neonatal meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes diagnosed by multiplex molecular panel. 201627881634
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