Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| coxsackie b virus and its interaction with permissive host cells. | observations in humans and the results of experiments on laboratory animals have provided evidence that coxsackieviruses of group b (cvb) are major etiologic agents of acute and chronic enterovirus myocarditis and various other virus-induced diseases. | 1998 | 9645993 |
| coxsackie b virus infection and beta cell autoantibodies in newly diagnosed iddm adult patients. | environmental agents such as viruses have been identified as potentially important determinants of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm). enterovirus infections, coxsackievirus b especially, could be linked to the beta cell damaging process and to the onset of clinical iddm. | 1998 | 9645994 |
| demonstration of persistent enterovirus in the pancreas of diabetic mice by in situ polymerase chain reaction. | although enterovirus (ev) do not persist in the tissue, which is essential to maintain autoimmunity, they have been associated as the cause of chronic autoimmunity in some cases of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm). convincing reports, demonstrating persistent ev infections in the pancreases, are rare. | 1998 | 9645996 |
| diabetes induced by coxsackie virus: initiation by bystander damage and not molecular mimicry. | viral induction of autoimmunity is thought to occur by either bystander t-cell activation or molecular mimicry. coxsackie b4 virus is strongly associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in humans and shares sequence similarity with the islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase. we infected different strains of mice with coxsackie b4 virus to discriminate between the two possible induction mechanisms, and found that mice with susceptible mhc alleles had no viral ac ... | 1998 | 9662368 |
| characterization of echoviruses that bind decay accelerating factor (cd55): evidence that some haemagglutinating strains use more than one cellular receptor. | several echoviruses (evs) have previously been shown to use decay accelerating factor (daf) as a cellular receptor. since daf is expressed on erythrocytes, evs that use this receptor cause haemagglutination. here we show that all evs that haemagglutinate do so via attachment to daf and that this interaction can be inhibited by a monoclonal antibody (mab) specific for daf domain scr3. although the viruses haemagglutinate via daf some can bind to rhabdomyosarcoma cells from which daf has been remo ... | 1998 | 9680134 |
| binding of a cellular factor to the 3' untranslated region of the rna genomes of entero- and rhinoviruses plays a role in virus replication. | the presence of cellular factors that bind to the 3' untranslated region (utr) of picornaviruses was investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (emsas). a cellular factor(s) that binds specifically the 3' utr of polio-, coxsackie- and rhinoviruses was detected. furthermore, this factor(s) is distinct from those which bind to the 5' terminal 88 nt (the 'cloverleaf') of poliovirus. mutations within the 3' utr which decrease the affinity of the rna for the cellular factor in emsas decrea ... | 1998 | 9680135 |
| [outbreak of coxsackievirus b5 meningoencephalitis in cuba, 1995]. | an increase in the reported cases of viral meningoencephalitis (vme) was detected in october and november, 1995, compared with the same period of 1994. 43 stock specimens from children with this diagnosis were received at the laboratory of enterovirus from the "pedro kourí" institute of tropical medicine. 23 isolations (53.4%) were obtained and identified as coxsackievirus b5. besides, in 43 matched sera investigated by the neutralization test against some enteroviruses, 21 proved to be positive ... | 1997 | 9685965 |
| caspase activation and specific cleavage of substrates after coxsackievirus b3-induced cytopathic effect in hela cells. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), an enterovirus in the family picornaviridae, induces cytopathic changes in cell culture systems and directly injures multiple susceptible organs and tissues in vivo, including the myocardium, early after infection. biochemical analysis of the cell death pathway in cvb3-infected hela cells demonstrated that the 32-kda proform of caspase 3 is cleaved subsequent to the degenerative morphological changes seen in infected hela cells. caspase activation assays confirm that th ... | 1998 | 9696873 |
| determination of mrna expression for ifn-gamma and il-4 in lymphocytes from children with iddm by rt-pcr technique. | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) is characterized by infiltration of t-lymphocytes in the islets of langerhans. antigens are presented to th-lymphocytes which can be divided into th1- and th2-lymphocytes, producing interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-4 (il-4) respectively. the aim of our study was to determine the messenger-rna (mrna) for these cytokines by rt-pcr in antigen-stimulated lymphocytes from children with newly diagnosed iddm. the expression of mrna for il-4, and to ... | 1998 | 9699087 |
| molecular packing in virus crystals: geometry, chemistry, and biology. | an automated procedure was developed to determine the geometrical and chemical interactions of crystalline virus particles using the crystal parameters, particle position, orientation, and atomic coordinates for an icosahedral asymmetric unit. two applications of the program are reported: (1) an analysis of a novel pseudo-rhombohedral (r32) symmetry present in the monoclinic crystal lattices of both nodamura virus (nov) and coxsackie virus b3 (cvb3). the study shows that in both cases the intera ... | 1998 | 9704501 |
| synthesis and antiviral evaluation of pyrazinones substituted with acyclic chains. | the synthesis of a series of pyrazine analogues of the anti-herpes compound, acyclovir is described. these syntheses were accomplished by various methods: in the presence of a lewis acid or nah for hydroxyethoxymethyl and hydroxybutyl groups or by sequential oxidation/reduction of 1-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-2-pyrazinones for 2',3'-acyclonucleosides. antiviral (hsv-1, cmv, cox b4, hiv-1) properties of these compounds were determined. | 1998 | 9708329 |
| coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis: perforin exacerbates disease, but plays no detectable role in virus clearance. | viral myocarditis is remarkably common, being detected in approximately 1% of unselected asymptomatic individuals. many cases are attributable to enteroviral infection, and in particular to coxsackievirus b3. the underlying pathogenesis is controversial, but most studies admit the important immunopathological role of infiltrating cd8+ (cytotoxic) t lymphocytes (ctls). we have previously shown that ctls play conflicting roles in coxsackievirus b (cvb) myocarditis; they assist in controlling virus ... | 1998 | 9708802 |
| low-level expression of a mutant coxsackieviral cdna induces a myocytopathic effect in culture: an approach to the study of enteroviral persistence in cardiac myocytes. | enteroviral ribonucleic acids have been identified in heart muscle of a subset of patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy as well as in a mouse model of persistent coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infection, suggesting that persistent viral infection along with activation of an immune response may contribute to the pathogenesis of ongoing cardiac disease and dilated cardiomyopathy in certain patients. it is still not known whether persistence of the viral genome contributes to the pathogene ... | 1998 | 9714096 |
| protection of mice against lethal coxsackievirus b3 infection by using dna immunization. | vaccination with dna and recombinant vaccinia viruses (rec.vv) has been studied with the coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) model system. plasmids encoding all structural proteins of cvb3, when injected intramuscularly, induced only low levels of virus-specific antibodies. however, dna vaccination with the major structural protein vp1 protected 72.2% of mice from lethal challenge, whereas vp1 expressed by rec.vv was much less efficient. | 1998 | 9733878 |
| glutathione peroxidase protects mice from viral-induced myocarditis. | glutathione peroxidase 1 (gpx-1) is a selenium-dependent enzyme with antioxidant properties. previous investigations determined that mice deficient in selenium developed myocarditis when infected with a benign strain of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3/0). to determine whether this effect was mediated by gpx-1, mice with a disrupted gpx1 gene (gpx1-/-) were infected with cvb3/0. gpx1-/- mice developed myocarditis after cvb3/0 infection, whereas infected wild-type mice (gpx1+/+) were resistant. sequencing ... | 1998 | 9737717 |
| acute transverse myelitis caused by coxsackie virus b4 infection: a case report. | acute transverse myelitis is a rare clinical manifestation of coxsackie virus infection which cause acute and progressive debilitating illness associated with loss of spinal cord function in the affected patients. a 62 year-old female developed symptoms of rapidly progressive paraplegia with sensory loss. on spinal mri, t2 sagittal image showed increased signal intensity with cord swelling at t11-l2 level and 8 folds or greater rise of coxsackie virus b4 neutralizing antibody titers was observed ... | 1998 | 9741555 |
| [sewage sludges: application of a technique for recovering enterovirus]. | the aim of this work was to develop a technique to recover viruses from sewage sludges and to set a microbiological reliable index to control the efficiency of waste-water disinfection methods. twelve samples were collected at san felipe treatment plant, where the waste-water from tucumán, argentina, is received. to free virus from solids, sludges were shaken during 20 h at 4 degrees c and supernatants were obtained by centrifugation. penicillin, streptomycin, neomycin and amphotericin b were ad ... | 1998 | 9744037 |
| effects of selenium supplementation on virus-induced inflammatory heart disease. | the effects of 10 wk of selenium (se) supplementation (5 ppm) in drinking water on immune responses and resistance to a myocarditic coxsackie virus b3 (cb3) infection were studied in female balb/c mice. se supplementation reduced cb3-induced mortality: at day 14 postinoculation, survival was 58% in the se-treated group as compared to 25% in the untreated group. whole-blood glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity was elevated by 68% (p < 0.001) and se content in the liver by 24% (p < 0.001). red ... | 1998 | 9764570 |
| transgenic expression of replication-restricted enteroviral genomes in heart muscle induces defective excitation-contraction coupling and dilated cardiomyopathy. | numerous studies have implicated coxsackievirus in acute and chronic heart failure. although enteroviral nucleic acids have been detected in selected patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the significance of such persistent nucleic acids is unknown. to investigate the mechanisms by which restricted viral replication with low level expression of coxsackieviral proteins may be able to induce cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice which express a replication-restricted full-length coxsackievi ... | 1998 | 9769337 |
| echovirus 1 infection induces both stress- and growth-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and regulates the transcription of cellular immediate-early genes. | we have previously shown that echovirus 1 (ev1) infection increases the mrna levels of cellular immediate-early (ie) genes in host cells. here we provide further evidence that the induction of junb, c-jun, and c-fos genes is due to active viral macromolecular synthesis rather than to the interaction of ev1 with its receptor, alpha2beta1 integrin. nuclear run-on transcription assays indicated that differences in mrna levels in infected and uninfected cells are brought about by regulation at the t ... | 1998 | 9770423 |
| complete sequence of echovirus 23 and its relationship to echovirus 22 and other human enteroviruses. | to define the relationship between echovirus 23 (e23) and other human enteroviruses, we have determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a strain of e23 isolated from a child with high fever in connecticut in 1986 and compared the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences with those of other enteroviruses representing each of the major enterovirus phylogenetic groups, poliovirus type 1, coxsackievirus a16, coxsackievirus b3, echovirus 22 (e22), and enterovirus 70. the genome of e23 (strain ... | 1998 | 9783471 |
| variability in the integrity of human enteroviruses exposed to various simulated in vivo environments. | we exposed representatives of different enteroviruses to treatments imitating various in vivo environments that they face during infection. short-term treatment in trypsin or human intestinal fluid regularly resulted in a cleavage of the capsid protein vp1, and in some cases of other capsid proteins as well. infectivity of the virus preparations was usually not affected but there were two exceptions. coxsackievirus a9 retained its infectivity as tested in rd cells but showed reduced infectivity ... | 1998 | 9790872 |
| determination of the affinity and kinetic constants for the interaction between the human virus echovirus 11 and its cellular receptor, cd55. | the biochemical properties of the molecular interactions mediating viral-cell recognition are poorly characterized. in this study, we use surface plasmon resonance to study the affinity and kinetics of the interaction of echovirus 11 with its cellular receptor decay-accelerating factor (cd55). as reported for interactions between cell-cell recognition molecules, the interaction has a low affinity (kd approximately 3.0 microm) as a result of a very fast dissociation rate constant (kon approximate ... | 1998 | 9804811 |
| [cuban epidemic neuropathy. ii. the antigenic characteristics of the viral isolates]. | with the aim of characterizing antigenically isolations producing mild cytopathogenic effect obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients presenting with epidemic neuropathy, neutralization tests and western blot analysis were performed using hyperimmune sera of patients and hyperimmune sera of rabbits. it was confirmed that isolations with mild cutopathogenic effect studied have the same antigenic characteristics and that they are related to coxsackie a9 and b4 viruses. structural proteins ... | 1995 | 9805061 |
| rapid detection of enteroviral rna in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients with aseptic meningitis by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction. | the aim of this study was to compare conventional enterovirus isolation with rapid detection of enteroviral rna by a reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction (rt-npcr) method amplifying the 5' nontranslated region of the enteroviral genome in specimens from patients with aseptic meningitis. reference enterovirus strains and clinical enterovirus isolates were analyzed to evaluate assay sensitivity and specificity. all known enteroviral serotypes tested, but one (echovirus type 22), ... | 1998 | 9812315 |
| exertional rhabdomyolysis after recent coxsackie b virus infection. | acute, exertional rhabdomyolysis typically follows strenuous exercise of the eccentric type, such as that which occurs during military training or repetitive weight lifting in unconditioned individuals. complications can be significant and include compartment syndrome and acute renal failure due to myoglobinuria, especially in the setting of volume depletion. rhabdomyolysis may also be precipitated by viral infections, usually influenza virus. i report an unusual case of a female patient who had ... | 1998 | 9824191 |
| peptide from glutamic acid decarboxylase similar to coxsackie b virus stimulates ifn-gamma mrna expression in th1-like lymphocytes from children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. | at the clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes), inflammation within the pancreatic islets of langerhans causes insulitis. cd4+ or th-lymphocytes will be activated after stimulation resulting in interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) production by th1-like lymphocytes and/or interleukin-4 (il-4) secretion from th2-like lymphocytes. the antigens responsible for this activation are unknown, but studies have suggested glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) to be a possible candidate ... | 1998 | 9840449 |
| [outbreak of viral meningoencephalitis. comparison of 2 biological systems used for isolation of the virus]. | an increase of the cases of viral meningoencephalitis was reported in our country from october to december, 1995. 23 faeces specimens were received from 2 provinces aimed at obtaining the viral isolation by their inoculation in cell culture and in newborn mice at the same time in order to compare the sensitivity of both systems in isolation. a higher number of isolations was obtained in cell culture. the cell culture from kidney of a normal adult green african monkey (vero) proved to be more sen ... | 1998 | 9842272 |
| [syncope in 3rd degree atrioventricular block. detection of virus genome in the myocardium]. | a 28-year-old woman was admitted after syncope which had been preceded by several flulike episodes. there was no history of any other serious disease. physical examination was unremarkable. heart sounds were regular and normal, there were no murmurs. | 1998 | 9858952 |
| structural requirements of the higher order rna kissing element in the enteroviral 3'utr. | the origin of replication ( orir ) involved in the initiation of (-) strand enterovirus rna synthesis is a quasi-globular multi-domain rna structure which is maintained by a tertiary kissing interaction. the kissing interaction is formed by base pairing of complementary sequences within the predominant hairpin-loop structures of the enteroviral 3' untranslated region. in this report, we have fully characterised the kissing interaction. site-directed mutations which affected the different base pa ... | 1999 | 9862969 |
| [therapeutic effect of kangke injection on viral myocarditis and its anticoxsackie virus mechanism]. | to assess the efficacy of kangke injection in treating viral myocarditis. | 1997 | 9863092 |
| [the value of detecting cvb-igm antibodies in diagnosing viral myocarditis of children]. | by using the indirect immunofluorescence assay and the tissue cells infected with coxackie virus group b as antigen, the authors detected the antibodies type igm to coxsackie virus group b (cvb-igm) of the sera of 105 children with viral myocarditis (vmc), 59 children with other diseases (cod) and 67 healthy children (hc). the results showed that in vmc, the genometric mean titre (gmt) of cvb-igm in female (1:16.58) was higher than that in male (1:9.28, p < 0.05); not only in female, but also in ... | 1997 | 9868098 |
| coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor amino-terminal immunoglobulin v-related domain binds adenovirus type 2 and fiber knob from adenovirus type 12. | the extracellular region of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car) is predicted to consist of two immunoglobulin (ig)-related structural domains. we expressed the isolated car amino-terminal domain (d1) and a car fragment containing both extracellular ig domains (d1/d2) in escherichia coli. both d1 and d1/d2 formed complexes in vitro with the recombinant knob domain of adenovirus type 12 (ad12) fiber, and d1 inhibited adenovirus type 2 (ad2) infection of hela cells. these results indic ... | 1999 | 9882344 |
| coxsackie b virus infection and myopericarditis in thailand, 1987-1989. | serum specimens of 363 myopericarditis patients from the hospital all over the country were examined for coxsackie b virus antibody during 1987-1989 by means of microneutralization test in order to assess association between myopericarditis and coxsackie b virus infection. the data established that certain virus infection rates were 24.3%, 19.4% and 23.6% respectively, no differences in incidence were found between sex (p > 0.05) and the incidence rate between age groups below 15 years and 15 ye ... | 1998 | 9886111 |
| epidemics of aseptic meningitis due to enteroviruses following national immunization days in bahrain. | we report two successive epidemics of aseptic meningitis due to enteroviruses (ev) observed after national immunization days against polio. meningitis due to echovirus 30 occurred from july 1995 to the end of january 1996, mostly among children aged 0-12 years (95.1% of cases), and meningitis due to echovirus 4 occurred from may 1996 to the end of september 1996 in the same age group. there were 286 and 169 cases, respectively. specimens from several representative cases were sent to the who col ... | 1998 | 9924570 |
| [is infection with group a streptococcus the only reason for rheumatic fever?--a case report of rheumatic fever coexisting with coxsackie b1 virus infection]. | the course of rheumatic fever in 11 years old boy is described. the significance of cellular immunity in rheumatic fever pathogenesis and the importance of virus infection coexistence is emphasized in discussion. | 1998 | 10021888 |
| a new picornavirus isolated from bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus). | a previously unknown picornavirus was isolated from bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus). electron microscopy images and sequence data of the prototype isolate, named ljungan virus, showed that it is a picornavirus. the amino acid sequences of predicted ljungan virus capsid proteins vp2 and vp3 were closely related to the human pathogen echovirus 22 (approximately 70% similarity). a partial 5' noncoding region sequence of ljungan virus showed the highest degree of relatedness to cardioviruses. t ... | 1999 | 10049824 |
| identification of neutralizing epitopes on a european strain of swine vesicular disease virus. | six neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used to isolate mab neutralization-resistant (mar) mutants from a recent european strain of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), itl/9/93. sequencing of mar mutants identified two epitopes located at positions analogous to sites 2a (vp2) and 3b (vp3) on poliovirus (pv) which have been previously identified on a japanese strain of svdv. a third epitope near to the c terminus of vp1, not previously recognized on svdv, was tentatively identified i ... | 1999 | 10073685 |
| serum albumin inhibits echovirus 7 uncoating. | echoviruses induce a wide spectrum of diseases in man, the most severe being meningitis. in neonates, however, a severe systemic infection can be observed, leading to death. serum albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma and most interstitial fluids, and its functions include osmoregulation and transport and delivery of hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids and steroids. the results of cold-synchronized one-step growth analysis of echovirus 7 infection and sucrose-gradient analysis of ... | 1999 | 10073686 |
| genomic and phylogenetic characterization of coxsackievirus b2 prototype strain ohio-1. | the human picornavirus coxsackievirus b2 (cvb2) is often linked to several infections, from mild respiratory diseases to more severe illnesses such as myocarditis. in this study, we report the complete genome sequence of cvb2 prototype strain ohio-1. the genome sequence was determined from reverse transcribed viral rna, amplified with long distance pcr and used for non-radioactive sequencing. the full length pcr amplicons were used for in vitro transcription and the obtained crna was lipofected ... | 1999 | 10082394 |
| structure determination of echovirus 1. | the atomic structure of echovirus 1 (a member of the enterovirus genus of the picornavirus family) has been determined using cryo-crystallography and refined to 3.55 a resolution. echovirus 1 crystallizes in space group p22121 with a = 352.45, b = 472.15 and c = 483.20 a. the crystals contain one full virus particle in the asymmetric unit allowing for 60-fold noncrystallographic symmetry averaging. the diffraction pattern shows strong pseudo-b-centering with reflections with h + l = 2n + 1 being ... | 1998 | 10089503 |
| molecular evolution of swine vesicular disease virus. | phylogenetic analysis was used to examine the evolutionary relationships within a group of coxsackie b viruses that contained representatives of the major serotypes of this group and 45 isolates of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) from asia and europe. separate analyses of sequence data from two regions of the viral genomes encoding the vp1 and 3bc genes both revealed that the svdv belonged to a single monophyletic group which could be clearly distinguished from all other sampled coxsackievi ... | 1999 | 10092004 |
| cleavage of rasgap and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase in the course of coxsackievirus b3 replication. | recently, we reported on tyrosine phosphorylation of distinct cellular proteins in the course of enterovirus infections (m. huber, h.-c. selinka, and r. kandolf, j. virol. 71:595-600, 1997). these phosphorylation events were mediated by src-like kinases and were shown to be necessary for effective virus replication. that study is now extended by examination of the interaction of the adapter protein sam68, a cellular target of src-like kinases which has been shown to interact with the poliovirus ... | 1999 | 10196249 |
| [efficacy of immunized milk for preventing viral infection]. | this paper investigated the efficacy of passive protection provided by milk (immunized milk) against enterovirus infection in mice experimentally infected with enterovirus. milk with a high antibody titer against six enterovirus serotypes was prepared from hyperimmunized goat. in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed and the results showed that immunized milk has an antiviral activity against enterovirus infection. further observation was performed using coxsackie b 3 virus (cvb 3). when ... | 1999 | 10213988 |
| [an epidemic of aseptic meningitis caused by echoviruses in fukuoka prefecture during april 1997 to august 1998]. | an epidemic of aseptic meningitis in fukuoka prefecture during april 1997 to august 1998 was studied to determine the serotype of viruses isolated in fukuoka prefecture. in fukuoka prefecture, bimodal peaks were seen in july and december 1997. monthly changes of reported aseptic meningitis patients and period of virus isolation revealed that epidemics of the earlier part in 1997 was caused by echovirus 9 (e 9) and the latter part due to echovirus 30 (e 30). e 9 was isolated mainly in chikugo are ... | 1999 | 10213990 |
| characterization of anti-heart antibodies in mice after infection with coxsackie b3 virus. | coxsackie virus b3 (cvb3) infection results in a marked inflammatory response and the production of autoantibodies to cardiac antigens, with cardiac myosin heavy chain documented to be the most immunogenic antigen. the present study investigated the temporal appearance of anti-heart antibodies in mice after mock infection or infection with an attenuated variant of cvb3 or wildtype cvb3 by sds-page and western blotting. further characterization of the autoantigens was carried out using 2d electro ... | 1999 | 10219259 |
| coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis in mhc class ii-deficient mice. | the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3)-induced myocarditis was investigated in immunocompetent c57bl/6 and mhc class ii knockout mice with identical genetic backgrounds. | 1999 | 10225212 |
| attenuated virulence of pleconaril-resistant coxsackievirus b3 variants. | pleconaril (vp 63843) is a novel orally bioavailable small molecule with broad antipicornavirus (enterovirus and rhinovirus) activity. ten independently derived pleconaril-resistant variants of coxsackievirus b3 were isolated from cell culture. the molecular basis of drug resistance and the biologic properties of the drug-resistant viruses were investigated. rna sequence analysis revealed amino acid changes in the drug-binding pocket of the resistant variants. thermal stability studies showed th ... | 1999 | 10228078 |
| specific detection of echoviruses 22 and 23 in cell culture supernatants by rt-pcr. | reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) methods are available for the rapid detection of enteroviruses in clinical specimens or virus isolates. pan-enterovirus pcr primers, however, fail to amplify echovirus (e) type 22 or 23 because of their extreme sequence divergence from the other enteroviruses. we have developed an rt-pcr method to detect specifically e22 and e23 rna directly in tissue culture supernatants without a viral rna purification step. the e22/e23 primers successfu ... | 1999 | 10335867 |
| gamma delta+ t cells regulate major histocompatibility complex class ii(ia and ie)-dependent susceptibility to coxsackievirus b3-induced autoimmune myocarditis. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infection induces myocardial inflammation and myocyte necrosis in some, but not all, strains of mice. c57bl/6 mice, which inherently lack major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii ie antigen, develop minimal cardiac lesions despite high levels of virus in the heart. the present experiments evaluate the relative roles of class ii ia and ie expression on myocarditis susceptibility in four transgenic c57bl/6 mouse strains differing in mhc class ii antigen expression. ... | 1999 | 10364312 |
| a new variant of echovirus 4 associated with a large outbreak of aseptic meningitis. | a large outbreak of aseptic meningitis which began in april 1997 involved hundreds of cases in all geographical regions of israel and the palestinian authority, peaked between june and september, and lasted until december. | 1999 | 10405889 |
| [the use of the natural mineral saponite for water decontamination]. | sorption properties were studied of natural and activated specimens of saponite with respect to poliomyelitis virus, coxsackie b 1 and b 6 viruses as well as to enterobacteriaceae group bacteria. with the purpose of comparing the processes of sorption of microorganisms, other minerals were also used, such as bentonite, alunite, glauconite, ceolite. the natural saponite adsorptive properties were found out to undergo changes during the process of thermoactivation. mechanisms are discussed of a de ... | 1999 | 10423991 |
| [gene transfer efficiency enhancement by inactivated coxsakie virus b1 in primary skeletal muscle cells]. | to study the effect of inactivated coxsackie virus b1(cvb1), which was considered to have high affinity to skeletal muscle cell, on gene transfer efficiency of reporter gene, pcdna3-lacz, in primary muscle cells. | 1999 | 10431055 |
| laboratory-scale inactivation of african swine fever virus and swine vesicular disease virus in pig slurry. | two methods were evaluated for the inactivation of african swine fever (asv) and swine vesicular disease (svd) viruses in pig slurry: chemical treatment and heat treatment. the addition of naoh or ca(oh)2 at different concentration/time combinations at 4 degrees c and 22 degrees c was examined, as was virus stability at different temperature/time combinations. asf virus (asfv) was less resistant to both methods than svd virus (svdv). in slurry from one source, asfv was inactivated at 65 degrees ... | 1999 | 10432596 |
| picornavirus receptor down-regulation by plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2. | therapeutic interference with virus-cell surface receptor interactions represents a viable antiviral strategy. here we demonstrate that cytoplasmic expression of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (pai-2), affords a high level of protection from lytic infection by multiple human picornaviruses. the antiviral action of pai-2 was mediated primarily through transcriptional down-regulation of the following virus receptors: intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ... | 1999 | 10438806 |
| expression of tumour necrosis factor (tnf) receptor/ligand superfamily co-stimulatory molecules cd40, cd30l, cd27l, and ox40l in murine hearts with chronic ongoing myocarditis caused by coxsackie virus b3. | t-cell-mediated myocardial damage has been shown to be involved in acute myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. it is necessary for t-cells to receive a co-stimulatory signal as well as the main signal through the t-cell receptor for antigen-specific t-cell activation to occur. to investigate the roles of the co-stimulatory molecules cd40/cd40l, cd30/cd30l, cd27/cd27l, and ox40/ox40l, which belong to the tumour necrosis factor (tnf) receptor/ligand superfamily, in the development of chronic ong ... | 1999 | 10440754 |
| induction of myocardial nitric oxide synthase by coxsackie b3 virus in mice. | inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) expression is regulated by cytokines. this study investigated whether coxsackie group b virus (cvb) myocarditis resulted in an environment suitable for induction of nos in the murine heart. | 1999 | 10457155 |
| analysis of antibody responses against coxsackie virus b4 protein 2c and the diabetes autoantigen gad(65). | type i diabetes mellitus results from the autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreas. certain viral infections, especially those caused by coxsackie b viruses and related enteroviruses, have been associated with the development of type i diabetes. the sequence homology between the coxsackie b4 virus nonstructural protein 2c (cvb4 p2c) and the major diabetes autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad(65)) provides a basis for the hypothesis of molecular mimicry. in t ... | 1999 | 10459165 |
| a novel serological technique: polymerase chain reaction enhanced immunoassay. application to enterovirus igm diagnosis. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method is a sensitive, specific and rapid technique for virus detection. the principles of a pcr enhanced immunoassay (pia) are described. the method combines solid phase serological techniques with the pcr, providing a versatile and sensitive method for antibody detection. by linking the antigenicity of virus particles with their content of nucleic acid, the method provides new possibilities for virus serology: for example, antibody specificity can be coupled ... | 1999 | 10471028 |
| coxsackievirus b4 myocarditis in an orangutan. | a 37-year-old female orangutan died at the zoological garden. autopsy examination demonstrated severe coxsackievirus b4 myocarditis immunohistochemically as a cause of the death. apoptosis of the cardiac muscle cells was observed using the tdt-mediated dutp-biotin nick endo labeling method and was considered to play a role in the myocarditis. congestion of the liver and both lungs due to cardiac failure was also observed. coxsackievirus infection is found frequently in the okinawan human populat ... | 1999 | 10490214 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of some n-benzenesulphonylbenzimidazoles. | some n-sulphonylated benzimidazoles were synthesized as potential antiviral agents. compound 16b and, to a lesser extent, 19b showed activity against two rna viruses at micromolar concentrations. | 1999 | 10498201 |
| the complete consensus sequence of coxsackievirus b6 and generation of infectious clones by long rt-pcr. | the full length sequence for the human pathogen coxsackievirus b6 (cvb6, schmitt strain) has been determined. we used long rt-pcr to generate full length dna amplicon of cvb6, and then directly sequenced the amplicons. one-step cloning of the full length amplicon enabled us to obtain an infectious clone of cvb6. rna generated from cvb6 amplicon dna or cvb6 clones, by transcription with t7 rna polymerase, was demonstrated to be infectious upon transfection into hela cells in vitro. the cvb6 genom ... | 1999 | 10500285 |
| functional features of the bovine enterovirus 5'-non-translated region. | the bovine enterovirus (bev) serotypes exhibit unique features of the non-translated regions (ntrs) which separate them from the other enteroviruses. their most remarkable property is an additional genome region of 110 nt located between the 5'-cloverleaf and the internal ribosome entry site (ires). this genome region has the potential to form an additional cloverleaf structure (domain i*) separated from the 5'-cloverleaf (domain i) by a small stem-loop (domain i**). other characteristics involv ... | 1999 | 10501480 |
| mechanisms and consequences of enterovirus persistence in cardiac myocytes and cells of the immune system. | in humans and experimental murine models enteroviruses, and in particular coxsackieviruses of group b (cvb), may induce chronic myocarditis associated with a persistent type of heart muscle infection. persistent myocardial infection has been characterized by restricted viral replication and gene expression, which is capable of sustaining chronic inflammation. altered replication and transcription of the virus, in addition to an immune response insufficient to recognize and clear infected cells e ... | 1999 | 10507324 |
| the role of b lymphocytes in coxsackievirus b3 infection. | coxsackieviruses are important human pathogens, frequently causing myocarditis, pancreatitis, and a variety of less severe diseases. b lymphocytes appear central to the interaction between these viruses and their mammalian hosts, because agammaglobulinemic humans, genetically incapable of antibody production, are susceptible to chronic infections by coxsackieviruses and related enteroviruses, such as poliovirus and echovirus. however, recent studies show that type b coxsackievirus (cvb) infects ... | 1999 | 10514403 |
| requirements for rna replication of a poliovirus replicon by coxsackievirus b3 rna polymerase. | a chimeric poliovirus type 1 (pv1) genome was constructed in which the 3d rna polymerase (3d(pol)) coding sequences were replaced with those from coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3). no infectious virus was produced from hela cells transfected with the chimeric rna. processing of the pv1 capsid protein precursor was incomplete, presumably due to inefficient recognition of the p1 protein substrate by the chimeric 3cd proteinase containing cvb3 3d sequences. the ability of the chimeric rna to replicate in th ... | 1999 | 10516050 |
| synthesis and antiviral and antineoplastic activities of some novel carbocyclic guanosine analogues with a cyclobutane ring. | cyclobutyl nucleoside analogues containing guanine and 8-azaguanine (compounds 5-10) were prepared from (1r,cis)-3-aminomethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutylmethanol (1). all were evaluated as antiviral and antitumoral agents in a variety of assay systems. compounds 6 and 7 showed a noteworthy activity against a respiratory syncytial virus and compound 10 was moderately active against vaccinia virus. only compound 5 showed some cytostatic activity. | 1999 | 10517011 |
| genomic organization and chromosomal localization of the human coxsackievirus b-adenovirus receptor gene. | myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) are common causes of morbidity and mortality in children. many studies have implicated the enteroviruses and, particularly, the coxsackievirus-b family as etiologic agents of the acquired forms of these diseases. however, we have shown the group-c adenoviruses to be as commonly detected as enteroviruses in the myocardium of children and adults with these diseases. it has remained something of a conundrum why two such divergent virus families cause the ... | 1999 | 10543405 |
| molecular mechanisms of coxsackievirus persistence in chronic inflammatory myopathy: viral rna persists through formation of a double-stranded complex without associated genomic mutations or evolution. | enterovirus infection and persistence have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain chronic muscle diseases. in vitro studies suggest that persistent enteroviruses mutate, evolving into forms that are less lytic and display altered tropism, but it is less clear whether these mechanisms operate in vivo. in this study, persistent coxsackievirus rna from the muscle of mice afflicted with chronic inflammatory myopathy (cim) was characterized and compared with rna from a virus that had establis ... | 1999 | 10559326 |
| comparative analysis of virus-host cell interactions of haemagglutinating and non-haemagglutinating strains of coxsackievirus b3. | decay-accelerating factor (daf/cd55), and coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (car) have been identified as cellular receptors for coxsackie b viruses (cbv). to elucidate the interplay of daf and car on the cell surface, virus-receptor interactions of two coxsackieviruses of serotype b3 (non-haemagglutinating cbv3 and haemagglutinating cbv3-ha strain) were analysed. binding assays revealed clear differences between these viruses with regard to their interactions with daf and car. however, only th ... | 1999 | 10567646 |
| functional significance of globotriaosyl ceramide in interferon-alpha(2)/type 1 interferon receptor-mediated antiviral activity. | the n-terminus of the type 1 interferon receptor subunit, ifnar1, has high amino acid sequence similarity to the receptor binding b subunit of the escherichia coli-derived verotoxin 1, vt1. the glycolipid, globotriaosyl ceramide (gb(3): gal alpha(1) --> 4 gal beta 1 --> 4 glu beta 1 --> 1 cer) is the specific cell receptor for vt1. gb(3)-deficient variant cells selected for vt resistance are cross-resistant to interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha)-mediated antiproliferative activity. the association of e ... | 2000 | 10567921 |
| persistence of coxsackievirus b4 infection in rhabdomyosarcoma cells for 30 months. brief report. | a persistent infection of rhabdomyosarcoma (rd) cells by coxsackie b4 virus (cbv-4) was established. the persistently infected rd (pird) cells have been maintained for over 130 passages (30 months) and have released virus continuously without cellular destruction. the production of infectious virus declined three times during the study. after the first decline (third week post infection) a viral variant with a littered cytopathic effect (cpe) and a marked delayed replication cycle on green monke ... | 1999 | 10603178 |
| selenium and host defence towards viruses. | the association between viral disease and nutrition has long been thought to be due to effects on the host immune system. this theory suggests that when a host is malnourished, the immune system is compromised, and thus increased susceptibility to viral infection will occur. however, the virus itself may also be affected by the nutritional status of the host. we have demonstrated that a normally-benign strain of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3/0) becomes virulent in either se-deficient or vitamin e-defi ... | 1999 | 10604206 |
| echoviruses and coxsackie b viruses that use human decay-accelerating factor (daf) as a receptor do not bind the rodent analogues of daf. | many serotypes of echovirus (ev) and coxsackie b virus (cbv) bind human decay-accelerating factor (daf) and use it as a receptor for infection. analogues for daf have been isolated from mice and rats and characterized; these analogues have amino acid identities to human daf of approximately 60%. ev serotypes 3, 6', 7, 11-13, and 29 and cbv serotypes 1, 3, and 5 caused hemagglutination of human erythrocytes but not rat or mouse erythrocytes, suggesting failure to bind rodent daf. to confirm this ... | 2000 | 10608785 |
| disturbance of myocardial energy metabolism in experimental virus myocarditis by antibodies against the adenine nucleotide translocator. | the adenine nucleotide translocator (ant) of the inner mitochondrial membrane is an autoantigen in myocarditis and in dilated cardiomyopathy. clinical and experimental studies showed that specific autoantibodies inhibit the transmembrane nucleotide transport. in isolated hearts of guinea pigs immunized with the ant, energy metabolism is disturbed. this metabolic disorder is related to functionally active specific antibodies and to a reduced heart function. this study tests whether similar immuno ... | 1999 | 10615393 |
| enteroviral infection causing fatal myocarditis and subclinical myopathy. | enteroviral rna detection in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy is rare. enteroviral particles and rna have recently been identified in patient's skeletal muscle, suggesting that skeletal more than heart muscle hosts the virus in chronic infection. enteroviral rna and virus-like particles were found in the myocardium and in the skeletal muscle of two patients with fatal myocarditis: a 39 year old man who died five days after the onset of febrile flu; and a 49 year old woman, assisted for 50 ... | 2000 | 10618342 |
| detection of coxsackie b2 virus myocarditis in a neonate using tl-201 and i-123 bmipp myocardial imaging. | 2000 | 10634546 | |
| expression of the adenovirus receptor and its interaction with the fiber knob. | the coxsackievirus group b (cvb) and adenovirus (ad) receptor (hcvadr, formerly hcar) is a cell surface protein with two immunoglobulin-like regions (ig1 and ig2) that serves as a receptor for two structurally unrelated viruses. we have established the tissue distribution of the receptor in the rodent by immunohistochemistry and show that the receptor is broadly expressed during embryonic development in the central and peripheral nervous systems and in several types of epithelial cells. the tiss ... | 2000 | 10666333 |
| isolation of viruses from stools in stem cell transplant recipients: a prospective surveillance study. | we prospectively examined stool specimens for enteric viruses in 75 stem cell transplant recipients (autologous 48, allogeneic 27) to determine the frequency and significance of these infections. only six patients (8%) had a positive isolate. five of these were allograft recipients (18%) compared to one autograft recipient (2%) (p = 0.02). unrelated donor bmt recipients were at the highest risk for a viral isolate (or = 10.5). adenovirus was the commonest isolate (four patients). one patient eac ... | 2000 | 10673699 |
| a new enzyme immunoassay for the detection of enteroviruses in faecal specimens. | a new enzyme immunoassay (eia) for direct detection of enteroviruses based on a group-specific monoclonal antibody was evaluated using stool samples from patients with suspected enteroviral infection. the eia was compared with polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and virus isolation in cell culture. of 204 samples tested, 20 were positive by eia, 34 by pcr, and 18 by cell culture. compared with pcr, the most sensitive method, the sensitivity of eia was 58% (20/34); the sensitivity of cell culture iso ... | 2000 | 10686028 |
| in vitro priming with adenovirus/gp100 antigen-transduced dendritic cells reveals the epitope specificity of hla-a*0201-restricted cd8+ t cells in patients with melanoma. | replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus (ad) encoding human gp100 or mart-1 melanoma ag was used to transduce human dendritic cells (dc) ex vivo as a model system for cancer vaccine therapy. a second generation e1/e4 region deleted ad which harbors the cmv immediate-early promoter/enhancer and a unique e4-orf6/pix chimeric gene was employed as the backbone vector. we demonstrate that human monocyte-derived dc are permissive to ad infection at multiplicity of infection between 100 and 500 an ... | 2000 | 10706736 |
| fatty acid-depleted albumin induces the formation of echovirus a particles. | picornavirus infection requires virus uncoating, associated with the production of 135s "a" particles and 80s empty particles from 160s mature virions, to release the rna genome into the cell cytoplasm. normal albumin inhibits this process. we now show that when depleted of fatty acids, albumin induces the formation of echovirus a particles. | 2000 | 10708459 |
| the investigations into the interferon-like activity of polygonum l. genus. | the interferon inducing abilities of eleven ethanolic extracts obtained from nine taxons of polygonum l. genus, were tested in the cell culture of monkey kidney. the extracts from the herb of polygonum amphibium l. and the rhizome and fruit of polygonum bistorta l. induced a substance showing an interferon-like activity. biological activity studies showed that the protective titre (the highest dilution which protected cells by 50% against virus infection) of the interferon-like materials was 1:1 ... | 1999 | 10715890 |
| coxsackie b virus. the great pretender. | 2000 | 10721544 | |
| secondary heterotypic versus homotypic infection by coxsackie b group viruses: impact on early and late histopathological lesions and virus genome prominence. | the impact of prior exposure to a different or identical strain of coxsackievirus b (cvb) on murine cvb myocarditis was studied using a susceptible murine host (a/j[h-2a]) and myocarditic cvb3 or avirulent cvb2 as primary or secondary infectants. the effects of secondary heterotypic infection (cvb2 followed by cvb3) and homotypic infection (cvb3 followed by cvb3) 28 days after primary inoculation, versus cvb2 or cvb3 alone, on injury and viral genomic replication, both early (day 7) and late (da ... | 1999 | 10724506 |
| the picornavirus replication inhibitors hbb and guanidine in the echovirus-9 system: the significance of viral protein 2c. | hbb [2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole] and guanidine are potent inhibitors of picornavirus replication. among other evidence, limited cross-resistance and a synergistic effect of both inhibitors suggest similar but not identical mechanisms of antiviral action. echovirus-9 variants resistant to each of these drugs were characterized and sequenced. complete resistance to hbb or guanidine was shown to be due to single but different point mutations in the non-structural protein 2c. protein 2c w ... | 2000 | 10725414 |
| selenium and viral virulence. | a mouse model of coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis is being used to investigate nutritional determinants of viral virulence. this approach was suggested by research carried out in china which showed that mice fed diets composed of low selenium ingredients from a keshan disease area suffered more extensive heart damage when infected with a coxsackie b4 virus than infected mice fed the same diet but supplemented with selenium by esophageal intubation. selenium deficiency in our mice increased the ... | 1999 | 10746343 |
| molecular analysis of the prototype coxsackievirus b5 genome. | to facilitate studies of the phylogenetic relationship between enteroviruses, in particular the prototype strain (faulkner) of coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5f) and other cvb5 isolates and to facilitate studies of the interactions between cvb5f and the target cell, the complete nucleotide sequence of the prototype has been determined. the complete sequence was collected from three overlapping reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) generated amplicons. molecular analysis of the cvb5f ge ... | 2000 | 10752549 |
| a group b coxsackievirus/poliovirus 5' nontranslated region chimera can act as an attenuated vaccine strain in mice. | the linear, single-stranded enterovirus rna genome is flanked at either end with a nontranslated region (ntr). by replacing the entire 5' ntr of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) with that from type 1 poliovirus, a progeny virus was obtained following transfection of hela cells. the chimeric virus, cpv/49, replicates like the parental cvb3 strain in hela cells but is attenuated for replication and yield in primary human coronary artery endothelial cell cultures, in a human pancreas tumor cell line, and i ... | 2000 | 10756016 |
| role of mip-2 in coxsackievirus b3 myocarditis. | interleukin-8 (il-8) is a chemotactic cytokine for neutrophils and lymphocytes. macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (mip-2) is a murine counterpart of il-8. the present study was performed to determine the role of mip-2 in murine myocarditis. we examined (1) the mip-2 producing activity of coxsackievirus b3 (cb3)-infected cultured macrophages, (2) serial plasma mip-2 levels in cb3-induced mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and (3) the effects of anti-mouse mip-2 monoclonal antibody ... | 2000 | 10756119 |
| echovirus infection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells is inhibited by antiserum to the complement control protein cd59. | a number of echoviruses use decay accelerating factor (daf) as a cellular receptor or attachment protein for cell infection. binding of echovirus 7 to daf at the cell surface, but not to soluble daf in solution, triggers the formation of virus particles exhibiting an altered sedimentation coefficient ('a' particles) which are considered indicative of the particle uncoating process. we have previously demonstrated that antibodies to beta(2)-microglobulin block cell infection at a stage prior to ' ... | 2000 | 10769083 |
| immune recognition of swine vesicular disease virus structural proteins: novel antigenic regions that are not exposed in the capsid. | swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) is an enterovirus of the picornaviridae family that belongs to the coxsackievirus b group. a number of antigenic sites have been identified in svdv by analysis of neutralizing monoclonal antibody-resistant mutants and shown to be exposed on the surface of the capsid. in this paper we have identified seven new immunodominant antigenic regions in svdv capsid proteins by a peptide scanning method, using a panel of sera from infected pigs. when these antigenic re ... | 2000 | 10772981 |
| coxsackievirus b3-induced chronic myocarditis in outbred nmri mice. | the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3)-induced myocarditis was investigated in adult han:nmri mice. the outbred model, in comparison with inbred models, represents better the natural variable susceptibility of the human population. | 1999 | 10774554 |
| expression of an antigenic adenovirus epitope in a group b coxsackievirus. | group b coxsackieviruses (cvb) cause human myocarditis, while human adenovirus type 2 (ad2) is implicated as an agent of this disease. the l1 loop of the ad2 hexon protein has been demonstrated to be antigenic in rabbits. to evaluate the feasibility of a multivalent vaccine strain against the cvb and ad2, we cloned the sequence encoding the ad2 hexon l1 loop, flanked by dissimilar sequences encoding the protease 2a (2apro) recognition sites, into the genome of an attenuated strain of cvb type 3 ... | 2000 | 10775593 |
| genomic determinants of cardiovirulence in coxsackievirus b3 clinical isolates: localization to the 5' nontranslated region. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infections can cause myocarditis in humans and are implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. the natural genetic determinants of cardiovirulence for cvb3 have not been identified, although using strains engineered in the laboratory, cardiovirulence determinants have been identified in the cvb3 5' nontranslated region (5'ntr) and capsid. the myocarditic phenotypes of two cvb3 clinical isolates were determined using an established murine model of inflammato ... | 2000 | 10775617 |
| 'in vitro' antiviral activity of neem (azadirachta indica. a. juss) leaf extract against group b coxsackieviruses. | the antiviral and virucidal effect of methanolic extract fraction of leaves of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) (ncl-11) was studied regarding its activity and possible mechanism of action against coxsackie b group of viruses. ncl-11 inhibited plaque formation in 6 antigenic types of coxsackie virus b at a concentration of 1000 micrograms/ml at 96 hrs. 'in vitro'. additionally virus inactivation, yield reduction and effect of time of addition assays suggested that ncl-11 was most effective agai ... | 1999 | 10810594 |
| the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) is used by reference strains and clinical isolates representing all six serotypes of coxsackievirus group b and by swine vesicular disease virus. | group b coxsackieviruses are etiologically linked to many human diseases, and cell surface receptors are postulated to play an important role in mediating their pathogenesis. the coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor (car) has been shown to function as a receptor for selected strains of coxsackievirus group b (cvb) serotypes 3, 4, and 5 and is postulated to serve as a receptor for all six serotypes. in this study, we demonstrate that car can serve as a receptor for laboratory reference strains and ... | 2000 | 10814575 |
| reverse transcription of an rna genome from databasing paper (fta(r)). | the instability of rna in solutions during storage and travel is an impediment to its utilization in routine diagnostics. a robust and simple approach to the problem of rna protection and processing is offered by storage of rna desiccated with processing procedures that do not solublize the rna until the beginning of reverse transcription. the feasibility of this general approach was tested with coxsackievirus b4 (cvb-4) from blood or culture fluid held on a storage and transport medium (fta(r)) ... | 2000 | 10814592 |
| persistent fever as the only manifestation of chronic coxsackievirus b4 infection in the brain of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected child. | 1999 | 10825062 | |
| pancreatic expression of interferon-gamma protects mice from lethal coxsackievirus b3 infection and subsequent myocarditis. | cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and has been associated with many environmental risk factors. recent evidence has indicated the involvement of pathogens such as viruses as causative agents, and specifically identified the coxsackievirus b serogroup as the leading culprit. not only has coxsackievirus b3 (cb3) been identified from patients with cardiovascular disease, but also infection of mice with cb3 strains can reproduce human clinical heart disease in r ... | 2000 | 10835688 |